identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC590FC98FCE3.text	411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC590FC98FCE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Callochiton Gray 1847	<div><p>Genus Callochiton Gray, 1847</p><p>Type species. Chiton laevis Montagu, 1803, non Pennant, 1777 (= Chiton septemvalvis Montagu, 1803), SD Gray 1847.</p><p>Genus distribution and range. NE Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, West Pacific Ocean from Japan to Australia and New Zealand, SE Pacific, Antarctica. Miocene-Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC590FC98FCE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC48CFD85F9CF.text	411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC48CFD85F9CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Callochiton multidentatus (Carpenter in Pilsbry 1892)	<div><p>Callochiton multidentatus (Carpenter in Pilsbry, 1892)</p><p>(Fig. 2A)</p><p>Ischnochiton (Trachyradsia) multidentatus Carpenter in Pilsbry 1892: 85 .</p><p>Trachydermon (Spongioradsia) multidentata; Pilsbry 1894: 65, 66.</p><p>Spongioradsia multidentata; Is. Taki 1938: 346; 1962: 40; Iw. Taki 1964b: 409; Sirenko 1976a: 50.</p><p>Callochiton multidentatus; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 88; 1985: 25, fig. 8, map 6; 1998: 128; Sirenko 2012: 59, pl. 11 B, E; figs 5; 6; 7; 9 C, D.</p><p>Callochiton sp.; Hasegawa et al. 2001: 3.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (USNM 24212).</p><p>Type locality. Japan, Bonin Islands .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, stn. 15, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29′40’’E, intertidal, on old corals, 1 spm, BL 5.0 mm, 19.11.2016, leg. J. Zhang; stn. 27, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 2-5 m, on stones covered with red crustose algae, 1 spm, BL 5.5 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko.</p><p>Distribution. South China Sea, Vietnam from Con Dao Archipelago to Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tongkin), China, Hainan Island and Japan, Bonin Islands.</p><p>Remarks. The specimens from Hainan Island have the tegmentum and girdle of yellow or dark red color with wide white and narrow black girdle bands at both sides next to the sutures of valves I/II and VII/VIII and sometimes II/III and VI/VII as well.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC48CFD85F9CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC190FA86F863.text	411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC190FA86F863.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Callochiton sulcatus Nierstrasz 1905	<div><p>Callochiton sulcatus Nierstrasz, 1905</p><p>Callochiton (Callochiton) sulcatus Nierstrasz 1905: 35 (part), figs 8, 66–68, 69a. Callochiton sulcatus; Nierstrasz 1906: 497; Leloup 1952: 52; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 128; 1985: 32, fig. 12, map 9; 1998: 182; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 8, pls. 1A, 2A–B, 3A.</p><p>Type species. Lectotype (ITZ), designated by Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1985.</p><p>Type locality. Indonesia, Sanana Bay, E coast of Sulawesi, on reef .</p><p>Distribution. Indonesia and Hong Kong.</p><p>Remarks. In the studied area the only specimen was found in Hong Kong (Bullock &amp; Harper 1994).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF919F1FFF7AC190FA86F863	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF969F19FF7AC0A7FBB9FF44.text	411A87B3FF969F19FF7AC0A7FBB9FF44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnochiton Gray 1847	<div><p>Genus Ischnochiton Gray, 1847</p><p>Type species. Chiton textilis Gray, 1828, SD Gray 1847. Genus distribution and range. Widely distributed genus, especially abundant in tropical and subtropical waters, only few species inhabit boreal and antiboreal waters. Miocene-Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF969F19FF7AC0A7FBB9FF44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF979F19FF7AC611FCFFFB44.text	411A87B3FF979F19FF7AC611FCFFFB44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnochiton boninensis Bergenhayn 1933	<div><p>Ischnochiton boninensis Bergenhayn, 1933</p><p>(Fig. 2B)</p><p>Ischnochiton boninensis Bergenhayn 1933: 10, fig. 3, pl. 1: figs 2–3, pl. 2: figs 24–29, 32; Is. Taki 1938: 369; Leloup 1941: 12; Azuma 1960: 1; Kira 1964: 183, pl. 67: fig. 2; Habe 1971: 68, fig. 5; Higo 1973: 6; Cardin 1976: 90; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 18; 1998: 33; Van Belle 1982: 470; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 19, pls. 1E–F, 3E–F, 4C, 5C–F; Saito 1995: 105; 1998: 151; 2000: 13, pl. 6, fig. 15; 2001: 196, fig. 3; 2006: 212; 2017: 48, 732, pl. 4, fig. 11; Xu 2008: 457; Owada 2016: 259, figs 4A–E, 5A–D; Owada 2018: 284, Table 3.</p><p>Ischnochiton (Ischnochiton) comptus (Gould, 1859) forma isaoi Iw. Taki, 1964a: 348, figs 2, 4, 6; 1964b: 408.</p><p>Ischnochiton (Simplischnochiton) lepidus; Van Belle 1980: 33 (non Gould, 1859).</p><p>Ischnochiton (Simplichnochiton) boninensis; Dell’Angelo et al. 1990: 36.</p><p>Ischnochiton (Ischnochiton) boninensis; Is. Taki 1962: 43; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1990: 184, fig. 83. map 39 (bibliography and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. UUZM .</p><p>Type locality. Japan, Bonin Islands .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, stn. 2, 20°09’36’’N, 110°41′17’’E, SCUBA, depth 1–3 m, on stones, 11 spms, BL – 5.0–11.0 mm, 13.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko, S. Grebelniy; stn. 27, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 2–5 m, on stones covered with red crustose algae, 1 spm, BL – 15.0 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 27, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 1.5– 2 m, on stones, 21 spms, BL – 6.0–12.0 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko.</p><p>Distribution. South China Sea, north Vietnam from 18°06’05’’N, 106°27′55’’E to Cat Ba Island (20°47’23’’N, 107°06’13’’E), China, Hainan Island, Hong Kong, Yellow Sea, Qingdao, near south Korea and south Japan, from intertidal to depth 2– 5 m.</p><p>Remarks. Ischnochiton boninensis often inhabits the same regions as I. comptus along the coast of North Vietnam and south China. They are very similar but easy to differentiate by their dorsal scales. The scales of I. boninensis have ribs while the scales of I. comptus are smooth and glossy. In order to see ribs under a light microscope it is necessary to dry the girdle slightly with paper.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF979F19FF7AC611FCFFFB44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF979F1AFF7AC22AFD4EFD89.text	411A87B3FF979F1AFF7AC22AFD4EFD89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnochiton comptus (Gould 1859)	<div><p>Ischnochiton comptus (Gould, 1859)</p><p>(Fig. 2C)</p><p>Chiton (Leptochiton) comptus Gould 1859: 163 . Ischnochiton thaanumi Dall, 1926: 66 . Ischnochiton (Ischnochiton) comptus; Iw. Taki 1964a: 347, figs 1, 3, 5. Ischnochiton (Simplisschnochiton) comptus; Dell’Angelo et al. 1990: 35. Ischnochiton (Haploplax) comptus; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1994: 70, fig. 28, map 7 (bibliography and synonymy). Ischnochiton comptus; Is. Taki 1938: 366, pl. 14, figs 5, 10, pl. 15, figs 6, 7, pl. 25, figs 9–16, pl. 27, figs 6, 7, pl. 29, figs</p><p>11–16.; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 8; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 29; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 22, pls. 4A, 6A, B, 7A, B, 8A; Saito</p><p>1995: 105; 1998: 150; 2000: 13, pl. 6, fig. 14; 2001: 196, fig. 2; 2006: 212; 2017: 49, 732, pl. 5, fig. 1; Hasegawa et al.</p><p>2001: 3; Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 98, fig. 5; Zhang et al. 2016: 11, fig. 9; Owada 2016: 260, figs 4F–J, 5E–H;</p><p>2018: 284, Table 3.</p><p>Type material. USNM 1562, holotype by monotypy .</p><p>Type locality. Japan, Izu-Oshima Island, south of Sagami Bay .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, Sanya, 3 spms, BL 14.0–20.0 mm, 21.03.1958; Sanya, on rocks, intertidal, 1 spm, BL 13.0 mm, 21.03.1958; Sanya, Luhuitou reef, intertidal, 1 spm, BL 16.0 mm, 30.12.1959; stn. 7, 19°24’22’’N, 110°44′03’’E, intertidal, on stones, 11 spms, BL 5.0–12.0 mm, 15.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko and S. Grebelniy; stn. 27, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 2–5 m, on stones covered with red crustose algae, 1 spm, BL 8.5 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 29, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 1.5–2.0 m, on stones, 21 spms, BL 6.5–12.0 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko.</p><p>Distribution. South China Sea, Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tongkin) from 17°56’N to 20°47’N, Hainan Island, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Qingdao, south Korea, Japan from Okinawa Island to Hakodate Bay, Philippines, and possibly Indonesia (Nierstrasz 1905) and even Australia (Leloup 1941) from intertidal to 6 m depth.</p><p>Remarks. Owada (2016) described the new cryptic species Ischnochiton manazuruensis Owada, 2016, which is very similar to I. comptus . These species are frequently misidentified. The main morphological difference in these species is the structure of tegmentum of the central areas. The central areas of I. comptus are covered with conspicuous quincuncial granules whereas the same areas are smooth or very weakly granulated in I. manazuruensis . Molecular analyses revealed that I. comptus and I. manazuruensis are separated by a relatively big genetic gap, similar to the gap between either of these species and I. boninensis . Ischnochiton comptus has a rather wide distribution, which extends from north Japan and Korea to North Vietnam, whereas I. manazuruensis is only known in the area between Sagami Bay and Kyushu.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF979F1AFF7AC22AFD4EFD89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC450FE19FAF1.text	411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC450FE19FAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidozona bisculpta (Carpenter in Pilsbry 1892)	<div><p>Lepidozona bisculpta (Carpenter in Pilsbry, 1892)</p><p>Ischnochiton bisculptus Carpenter in Pilsbry 1892: 119; Pilsbry 1894: 83, pl. 17: figs 60–61; Ferreira 1978: 39.</p><p>Ischnochiton (Lepidozona) bisculptus; Leloup 1941: 4, fig. 3, pl. 2: fig. 1.</p><p>Lepidozona bisculpta; Ferreira 1974: 164; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 17; 1998: 32; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 16, pls. 1C, 2E, F, 3C, 4D–F; Xu 2008: 457; Sirenko 2016a: 32, figs 4–7, 15A–C; Zhang et al. 2016: 12, fig. 11.</p><p>Type material. Lectotype (USNM 24117), designated by Ferreira 0 1.03. 1983 in MS, published by Kaas &amp; Van Belle (1987).</p><p>Type locality. Hong Kong .</p><p>Distribution. Korea, China, Qingdao, Hong Kong, and Vietnam.</p><p>Remarks. Bullock &amp; Harper (1994) demonstrated the differences between L. bisculpta and L. coreanica (Reeve, 1847), which are very similar to each other. We also found that L. bisculpta differs from the latter by the absence of radial ribs on the head valve and by having 6–8 longitudinal grooves in the dorsal scales (vs. 16–19 grooves in L. coreanica).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC450FE19FAF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC282FD1FF8D6.text	411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC282FD1FF8D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidozona christiaensi Van Belle 1982	<div><p>Lepidozona christiaensi Van Belle, 1982</p><p>Lepidozona (Lepidozona) christiaensi Van Belle 1982: 471, fig. 1; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1987: 251, fig. 113, map 35; 1998: 46; Sirenko 2016a: 30, figs 1–3. Lepidozona christiaensi; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 19; Xu 2008: 457.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (BMNH 198244). Type locality. Hong Kong, outside Tolo Channel. Distribution. South China Sea from Hong Kong (22°22′ N) south to Hon Cau Island, Vietnam (11°13′ N),</p><p>7–12 m. Remarks. This is a rather rare species. At present, we know three specimens only, the holotype from Hong</p><p>Kong and two from Vietnam (Sirenko 2016a, c).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC282FD1FF8D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC55AFDFDFC82.text	411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC55AFDFDFC82.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidozona Pilsbry 1892	<div><p>Genus Lepidozona Pilsbry, 1892</p><p>Type species. Chiton mertensii Middendorff, 1847, by monotypy. Genus distribution and range. The northern Pacific and northern Indian Oceans and also in Peruvian and north Chilean waters. Miocene–Recent .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF949F1AFF7AC55AFDFDFC82	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC3D6FAE8FA38.text	411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC3D6FAE8FA38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chitonidae Rafinesque 1815	<div><p>Family Chitonidae Rafinesque, 1815</p><p>Genus Rhyssoplax Thiele, 1893</p><p>Type species. Chiton janeirensis, non Gray, 1828; fide Thiele 1893 = Chiton affinis Issel, 1869, SD Thiele (1909). Genus distribution and range. Widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters. Eocene-Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC3D6FAE8FA38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC7A1FC7AFD79.text	411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC7A1FC7AFD79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidozona coreanica (Reeve 1847)	<div><p>Lepidozona coreanica (Reeve, 1847)</p><p>(Fig. 2D)</p><p>Chiton coreanicus Reeve 1847a: 24; 1847b: pl. 26, fig. 128.</p><p>Lepidozona coreanica; Is. Taki 1938: 376; 1962: 41; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 7; Iw. Taki 1964b: 409; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 31; 1998: 52; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 12, pls. 1B, 2C, D, 3B 4E; Saito 1995: 105; 1998: 152; 2000: 15, pl. 7, fig. 25; 2006: 211; 2017: 49, 733, pl. 5, fig. 12; Ma 2004: 5, pl. 2, fig. C; Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 99, fig. 4; Zhang et al. 2016: 12, fig. 12.</p><p>Lepidozona (Lepidozona) coreanicus; Van Belle 1980: 33, pl. 1, fig. 1.</p><p>Lepidozona (Lepidozona) coreanica; Van Belle 1982: 470; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1987: 225, fig. 102, map 43 (bibliography and synonymy); Dell’Angelo et al. 1990: 37.</p><p>Type material. Lectotype (BMNH 1986. 136/1), designated by Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1987. Type locality. Korean Archipelago. Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Island</a>, stn. 2, 20°09’36’’N, 110°41′17’’E, depth 1–3 m, on stones, 5 spms, BL 11.0–24.0 mm, 13.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko, S. Grebelniy. Distribution. Japan, Korea, Qingdao, Hong Kong, Hainan, Beibu Gulf (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Gulf of Tongkin</a>) (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Cat Ba Island</a>). Remarks. This is the first record of L. coreanica from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Hainan Island</a>.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC7A1FC7AFD79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC40AFA34FB1C.text	411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC40AFA34FB1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepidozona vietnamensis Strack 1991	<div><p>Lepidozona vietnamensis Strack, 1991</p><p>Lepidozona vietnamensis Strack 1991: 52, pl. 2: figs 1–8, pl. 3, figs 4–5; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 18, pls. 1D, 3D, 5A–B; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1994: 33, fig. 12, map 36; 1998: 198.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (MNHN-IM-2000-6137). Type locality. Vietnam, Cap St. Jacques, Vung Tau. Distribution. South China Sea from Hong Kong to South Vietnam (Vung Tau). Remarks. This species differs from the above mentioned species of the genus Lepidozona by having prominent radial ribs on the head valve, lateral areas of intermediate valves and postmucronal area of the tail valve.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF959F1BFF7AC40AFA34FB1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF959F14FF7AC2CBFBFFFE64.text	411A87B3FF959F14FF7AC2CBFBFFFE64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhyssoplax komaiana (Is. & Iw. Taki 1929)	<div><p>Rhyssoplax komaiana (Is. &amp; Iw. Taki, 1929)</p><p>(Fig. 2E)</p><p>Chiton komaianus Is. &amp; Iw. Taki 1929: 145, figs 22–31, pl. 2, fig. 6. Chiton (Rhyssoplax) venusta; Leloup 1952: 56, text-fig. 19, pl. 5, fig. 1, pl. 6, fig. 2 (non Chiton venusta Hull, 1923). Rhyssoplax komaiana; Is. Taki 1962: 45: Iw. Taki 1964b: 411; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 39, pls. 4 B, 6 C, 7 C–D, 8B; Saito</p><p>1998: 154; 2000: 19, pl. 9, fig. 2; 2017: 50, 734, pl. 6, fig. 9; Hasegawa et al. 2001: 3; Sirenko 2012: 69, pl. 12 E; figs 12,</p><p>13. Chiton (Rhyssoplax) komaianus; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 70; 1998: 104; Kaas et al. 2006: 200–203, fig. 79, map 36</p><p>(bibliography and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. Kaas et al. (2006) reported that the type is in ZICS, but we did not find this institute or type . Type locality. Japan, Prov. Kii (Wakayama Prefecture), Seto. Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island. 57-1051, 1 spm, BL 12 mm; stn. 4, 19°38’12’’N ,</p><p>111°01’52’’E, intertidal pool, on rocks, 6 spms, BL 3.0–6.0 mm, 14.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 6, 19°38’12’’N,</p><p>111°01′52’’E, depth 2–3 m, on stones, 1 spm, BL 16.0 mm, 14.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 10, 18°23’17’’N, 109°21’59’’E, SCUBA, depth 2–3 m, on stones, 1 spm, BL 5.0 mm, 17.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 13, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29’40’’E, depth 1–3 m, on stones and old corals, 2 spms, BL 3.0–10.0 mm, 15.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 16, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29′40’’E, depth 2–3 m, in sand, 3 intermediate valves, 19.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 17, 18°16’30’’N, 109°43’26’’E, SCUBA depth 3–4 m, on stones, 1 spm, BL 3.0 mm, 20.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 26, 18°11’46’’N, 109°29’40’’E, intertidal–1.5 m, on stones, 4 spms, BL 5.0–28.0 mm, 15.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko, S. Grebelniy.</p><p>Distribution. Hong Kong, Hainan Island and South Vietnam, South Japan. Bullock (1988) states that it lives in Malaya, Philippines and possibly south of the Admiralty Islands as well.</p><p>Remarks. Rhyssoplax komaiana is one of the abundant chitons of Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF959F14FF7AC2CBFBFFFE64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF9A9F14FF7AC285FAE7F80B.text	411A87B3FF9A9F14FF7AC285FAE7F80B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lucilina amanda (Thiele 1909)	<div><p>Lucilina amanda (Thiele, 1909)</p><p>Lucilina amanda Thiele 1909: 97, pl. 10, figs 42–50; Bergenhayn 1933: 31; Is. Taki 1938: 404, 410, 412, pl. 15, fig. 9, pl. 33, figs 9–13, pl. 34, figs 5–9; 1962: 47; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 9; Iw. Taki 1964b: 412; Higo 1973: 8; Ma 2004: 6, pl. 2, fig. G; Xu 2008: 457.</p><p>Lucilina interplicata Bergenhayn, 1933: 29, fig. 10, pl. 1, fig. 9; Is. Taki 1938: 409, 410, 412; 1962: 47; Iw. Taki 1964b: 412; Higo 1973: 8.</p><p>Tonicia interplicata; Leloup 1973: 6.</p><p>Tonicia (Lucilina) amanda; Leloup 1973: 8, 9, 18; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 7; 1998: 18; Van Belle 1982: 474; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 38, pls. 8E, 11D, E, 12 C, D; Kaas et al. 2006: 359, fig. 151, map 36 (bibliography and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. Holotype (ZMHU).</p><p>Type locality. Japan, off Tago, 75 m.</p><p>Distribution. Japan, Hong Kong (Van Belle 1982) and Xisha Islands (Huang &amp; Xu 1964).</p><p>Remarks. This rare chiton was found sporadically in the studied area in Hong Kong and Xisha Islands.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF9A9F14FF7AC285FAE7F80B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF9A9F14FF7AC571FCC2FBF7.text	411A87B3FF9A9F14FF7AC571FCC2FBF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhyssoplax venusta Hull 1923	<div><p>Rhyssoplax venusta Hull, 1923</p><p>(Fig. 2F)</p><p>Rhyssoplax venusta Hull 1923: 165, pl. 26, figs 1–4, 9–12; Dawydoff 1952: 113; Sirenko 2012: 71, pl. 12 F; figs 16, 17.</p><p>Chiton (Rhyssoplax) venusta; Leloup 1952: 56, text-fig. 19, pl. 5, fig. 1, pl. 6, fig.2.</p><p>Chiton (Rhyssoplax) venustus; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 139; 1998: 196; Kaas et al. 2006: 229, fig. 92, map 37 (bibliography and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. Holotype (AM).</p><p>Type locality. Queensland, Keppel Bay, Emu Park .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea. Guangxi Province of China, MBM 100143, 18– 23 m, 2 spms, BL 9.0–11.5 mm, 26.05.1978.</p><p>Distribution. Northeastern Queensland, Vietnam (from Cau to Cat Ba islands) and Guangxi Province of South China.</p><p>Remarks. The species is rather abundant in Vietnamese part of the Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tongkin). In the Guangxi Province the species was documented for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF9A9F14FF7AC571FCC2FBF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF9B9F10FF7AC7A1FF45FD7E.text	411A87B3FF9B9F10FF7AC7A1FF45FD7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lucilina lamellosa (Quoy & Gaimard 1835)	<div><p>Lucilina lamellosa (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1835)</p><p>(Figs 3A, B, 5–12)</p><p>Chiton lamellosus Quoy &amp; Gaimard 1835: 386, pl. 74, figs 29–32. Tonicia (Lucilina) lamellosa; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 71; 1998: 106; Kaas et al. 2006: 350 –352, fig. 147, maps 48, 61</p><p>(bibliography and synonymy). Tonicia lamellosa; Saito 2000: 21, pl. 10, fig. 12. Lucilina lamellosa; Schwabe 2006a: 102–104, figs 1C, 6A–F, 7; Schwabe et al. 2008: 22–24, fig. 5B (bibliography and</p><p>synonymy); Sirenko 2012: 80, pls. 13 F; 16 A; Saito 2017: 735, pl. 7, fig. 9.</p><p>Type material. Lectotype (MNHN 6058) designated by Strack (1986).</p><p>Type locality. Tonga, Tongatapu (21°10’S, 175°13’W) .</p><p>Material examined. Lectotype (MNHN 6058); South China Sea, Hainan Island. MBM 100297, 55-610, 1 spm, forma typical, BL 12 mm, 8 spms, forma costata, BL 6.0–19.0 mm, 20.04.1955; 55-640, 3 spms, forma typica, BL 14.0–15.0 mm, 14 spms, forma costata, BL 8.0–22.0 mm, 23.04.1955; Xincun, depth 0.5 m, on old corals 6 spms, forma costata, BL 9.0–15.0 mm, 21.04.1958, leg. O. Scarlato; Xincun, depth 1.0 m, on old corals, 2 spms, forma costata, BL 9.0–10.0 mm, 21.04.1958, leg. O. Scarlato; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.666664/lat 18.65)">Xisha Islands</a>, 58M-1246, 4 spms, forma typica, BL 25.0–29.0 mm; 1 spm, forma typica, BL 34.0 mm, 23.05.1981; MBM 100328, 4 spms, forma typica, BL 16.0–28.0 mm, 1 spm, forma costata, BL 29.0 mm; Guangdong Province, 2 spms, forma costata, 10.0–15.0 mm; Submersed reef, R/ V Akademik Shirshov, 18°39’N, 111°40’E, depth 0.5–2.0 m, on old corals, 1 spm, forma typical, BL 15.0 mm, 25.07.1981,</p><p>Distribution. The species has a wide distribution in the Indo-Pacific: Andaman Sea, Vietnam, South China including Guangdong Province, Hainan Island and Xisha Islands, Australia and Samoa as well.</p><p>Remarks. While examining L. lamellosa, we found two forms: L. lamellosa forma typica (Figs 3A, 5–6) and the new form L. lamellosa forma costata (Figs 3B, 7–12). Both forms differ from each other in the sculpture of tegmentum of the pleural areas. Lucilina lamellosa forma typica has demonstrated the similarity of it with the lectotype (MNHN 6058) from Tonga. Both forms of L. lamellosa have a distinct diagonal ridge sculptured with concentric shingle-like ledges. In L. lamellosa forma typica, pleural areas are also sculptured with shingle-like ledges (Fig. 5D), whereas in L. lamellosa forma costata, the pleural areas are sculptured with longitudinal ribs (Fig. 7E). The latter form is similar to Lucilina nigropunctata (Carpenter, 1865) in its sculpture of pleural areas. L. lamellosa forma costata differs from L. nigropunctata in having subtriangular pits on the central area and in the absence of radiating rows of small tubercles in lateral areas. Moreover, forma costata has the tail valve wider than the head valve and the longitudinal ribs do not curve towards the jugum as in L. nigropunctata . Lucilina lamellosa forma costata is also similar to L. truncata (Sowerby, 1841) from the Philippines but differs from the latter in having longitudinal ribs on the pleural areas (vs. more or less concentrical, distinctly spaced, wavy grooves in L. truncata), subtriangular pits on the central area (pits are unknown in L. truncata). Both forms of L. lamellosa were found near Fujian Province, Hainan Island and Xisha Islands. The forma costata inhabits the coast of Guangdong Province. The examined specimen of L. lamellosa forma typica (BL 15.0 mm) has a radula of 4.2 mm in length and 27 gills extended from valve II to valve VIII. The slit formula of this specimen is 9/1/13. The radula of the specimen of L. lamellosa forma costata (BL 14.0 mm) is 4.5 mm long and its slit formula is 9/1/15. A smaller specimen of L. lamellosa forma costata (BL 9.0 mm) has a radula 3.5 mm long with 34 transverse rows of mature teeth and 20 gills extended from valve III to valve VII. The slit formula of this specimen is 9/1/14. The latter specimen is similar to L. mariae Kaas et al., 2006 in having longitudinal ribs on the pleural areas of the intermediate valves, but differs from it in having sparsely scattered subtriangular pits on the central area (vs. no pits in L. mariae). Because both forms differ from each other only in the sculpture of the tegmentum of the pleural area and because there are specimens with intermediate sculpture, we refrain from describing a new subspecies or a new species. We assign a registration number of the Zoological Institute RAS (ZISP 2301) to Lucilina lamellosa forma costata.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF9B9F10FF7AC7A1FF45FD7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC7A1FD58FE2E.text	411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC7A1FD58FE2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lucilina mariae (Kaas, Van Belle & Strack 2006)	<div><p>Lucilina mariae (Kaas, Van Belle &amp; Strack, 2006)</p><p>Tonicia (Lucilina) mariae Kaas, Van Belle &amp; Strack 2006: 336, fig. 140, map 41.</p><p>Tonicia confossa Van Belle, 1980: 34, pl. 1, fig. 3 (non Gould 1846).</p><p>Tonicia (Lucilina) sp.; Van Belle 1982: 474, fig. 2.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (BMNH). Type locality. Hong Kong, Tolo Channel (Channel Rocks), 10 m. Distribution. Only known from the type locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC7A1FD58FE2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC524FC44FC21.text	411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC524FC44FC21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lucilina tenuicostata Sirenko 2016	<div><p>Lucilina tenuicostata Sirenko, 2016</p><p>(Fig. 3C)</p><p>Lucilina tenuicostata Sirenko 2016b: 490, figs 9, 10, 13D, G.</p><p>Type material. The holotype (ZISP 2 243).</p><p>Type locality. Vietnam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.101715&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.784834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.101715/lat 20.784834)">Gulf of Tongkin</a>, Cat Ba Islands, 20°47.090′N, 107°06.103′E, 1–1.5 m, SCUBA, on old shells .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, stn. 13, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29′40’’E, depth 2–3 m, on old corals, 1 spm, BL 9.0 mm, 19.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko.</p><p>Distribution. South China Sea, Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tongkin) and Hainan Island.</p><p>Remarks. This is the first record of L. tenuicostata from Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC524FC44FC21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC332FDC0F9DA.text	411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC332FDC0F9DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lucilina tilbrooki Milne 1958	<div><p>Lucilina tilbrooki Milne, 1958</p><p>(Figs 13–15)</p><p>Lucilina tilbrooki Milne 1958: 152, figs 1–4; Kaas et al. 2006: 346, fig.145, map 51 (bibliography and synonymy); Dell’Angelo et al. 2010: 38, figs 2A–L, 3A–D, 4D–E; Sirenko 2012: 80, pl. 13 C, figs 21, 22. Tonicia (Lucilina) tilbrooki; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 133; 1998: 188.</p><p>Type material. Holotype NMV P18471.</p><p>Type locality. Queensland, Capricorn Group, Heron Island .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, stn. 5, 19°38’12’’N, 111°01′52’’E, intertidal, on stones, 2 spms, BL 4.0–6.0 mm, 14.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 15, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29′40’’E, intertidal, on old corals, 1 spm, BL 3.0 mm, 19.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 27, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 2–5 m, on stones covered with red crustose algae, 1 spm, BL 9.5 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko.</p><p>Distribution. The species is known from Maldives Islands, South Vietnam, Hainan Island and Australia.</p><p>Remarks. The studied specimen (BL 5.0 mm) has a radula 1.5 mm long with 35 transverse rows of mature teeth and 20 gills extending from valve III to valve VII. The slit formula of this specimen is 8/1/10. This is the first record of L. tilbrooki from Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC332FDC0F9DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC1A8FB8FF8FB.text	411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC1A8FB8FF8FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onithochiton Gray 1847	<div><p>Genus Onithochiton Gray, 1847</p><p>Type species. Chiton undulatus Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1835, non Wood, 1828 (= Onithochiton neglectus de Rochebrune, 1881) SD Gray 1847.</p><p>Genus distribution and range. The genus is known from South Africa, the Indian Ocean, Australia, New Zealand, Vietnam, China, Japan and the Central Pacific Ocean. Miocene–Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF839F0DFF7AC1A8FB8FF8FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF809F08FF7AC1E7FF72FD89.text	411A87B3FF809F08FF7AC1E7FF72FD89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onithochiton hirasei Pilsbry 1901	<div><p>Onithochiton cf. hirasei Pilsbry, 1901</p><p>(Fig. 3D)</p><p>Onithochiton hirasei Pilsbry 1901: 203; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 10; Wu 1969: 109, figs 6, 59–67; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 59; 1998: 90; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 34, pls. 8F, 11A–C, 12A, B; Saito 1998: 156; 2000: 21, pl. 10, fig. 13; 2006: 214; 2017: 51, 735, pl. 7, fig. 10; Hasegawa et al. 2001: 4; Ma 2004: 6, pl. 2, fig. H; Kaas et al. 2006: 389, fig. 166, map 63 (bibliography and synonymy); Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 101, fig. 8.</p><p>Onithochiton (Onithoplax) hirasei; Is. Taki 1962: 47; Iw. Taki 1964b: 412.</p><p>Type material. Two syntypes (ANS 80571).</p><p>Type locality. Japan, Hizen, Hirado .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Guangdong Province. MBM 100243, 45-378, 6 spms, BL 20.0–30.0 mm, 0 5.04.1954.</p><p>Distribution. Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Guangdong Province and Hainan Island.</p><p>Remarks. Most specimens from Guangdong Province studied by us have features which are slightly similar to that of O. stracki Sirenko, 2012, namely they have spicules on the girdle, the girdle is not leathery and the sculpture of the tegmentum is stronger. Hiroshi Saito (personal communication) found that the specimens from central Japan have a smooth, glossy tegmentum and a leathery girdle whereas those from south Japan have a rather strong sculpture. He supposed also that the morphology of the sculpture and spicules change gradually from north to south.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF809F08FF7AC1E7FF72FD89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC1EFFC5BF834.text	411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC1EFFC5BF834.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthopleura Guilding 1829	<div><p>Genus Acanthopleura Guilding, 1829</p><p>Type species. Chiton spinosus Bruguiere, 1792, SD Gray 1847.</p><p>Genus distribution and range. The genus Acanthopleura has been recorded from four well separated areas: the western part of the Indian Ocean, the East Indies to the central part of the Pacific Ocean, the western coast of South America, and the Caribbean area (Kaas et al. 2006). Miocene–Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC1EFFC5BF834	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC55AFC22FB94.text	411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC55AFC22FB94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onithochiton margueritae Kaas, Van Belle & Strack 2006	<div><p>Onithochiton margueritae Kaas, Van Belle &amp; Strack, 2006</p><p>Onithochiton margueritae Kaas, Van Belle &amp; Strack 2006: 368, fig. 155, map 54.</p><p>Onithochiton sp.; Van Belle 1982: 476, fig. 3; Xu 2008: 457.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (BMHN).</p><p>Type locality. Hong Kong, Mirs Bay, intertidal .</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the holotype locality.</p><p>Remarks. Bullock &amp; Harper (1994) considered Onithochiton sp. of Van Belle (1982) as Onithochiton hirasei which is “quite variable in shell morphology and colour”. Kaas et al. (2006) pointed out that O. margueritae differs from O. hirasei regarding the form of valves and the color of the girdle. Moreover, the dorsal girdle of O. margueritae has marginal spicules but without needle-like spicules.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC55AFC22FB94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC361FAD9F917.text	411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC361FAD9F917.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onithochiton stracki Sirenko 2012	<div><p>Onithochiton stracki Sirenko, 2012 .</p><p>(Figs 3E, 16–18)</p><p>Onithochiton stracki Sirenko 2012: 85, pl. 13 B, figs 25, 26.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (ZISP 2175).</p><p>Type locality. South China Sea, off South Vietnam, Nhatrang Bay, Nok Island .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, China, Hainan Island. Xincun, sample 1, 1 spm, BL 17.0 mm, 19.04.1958, leg. O. Scarlato; stn 22, 18°11’46’’N, 109°29’40’’E, depth 2 m, on old corals, 1 spm, BL 5.0 mm, 21.11.2016, leg B. Sirenko; stn 26, 18°11’46’’N, 109°29’40’’E, intertidal–1.5 m, on stones, 3 spms, BL 3.0–12.0 mm, 22.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko, S. Grebelniy.</p><p>Distribution. South China Sea, Vietnam from Phu Quy Island to Danang and Hainan.</p><p>Remarks. The studied specimen (BL 11.0 mm) has a radula 3.4 mm long with 36 transverse rows of mature teeth and 11 gills extended from valve II to valve VII. The slit formula of this specimen is 8/1/0. Specimens of this species from Hainan Island differ from Onithochiton hirasei from Guangdong Province by having a coarser sculpture of the tegmentum and larger spicules of girdle. This is the first find of O. stracki from Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF869F08FF7AC361FAD9F917	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF859F0BFF7AC7A1FE1BFAA2.text	411A87B3FF859F0BFF7AC7A1FE1BFAA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthopleura loochooana (Broderip & Sowerby 1829)	<div><p>Acanthopleura loochooana (Broderip &amp; Sowerby, 1829)</p><p>(Fig. 3F)</p><p>Chiton loochooanus Broderip &amp; Sowerby 1829: 368 .</p><p>Acanthopleura loochooana; Ferreira 1986: 245, 272, figs 55–61, 114L (bibliography); Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 31, pls. 4G–I, 6F, 8D, 9C–D,10D–F; Yoshioka &amp; Nakashima 1996: 41, figs 1, 3–6; Saito 1998: 156; 2000: 19, pl. 9, fig. 5; 2006: 215; 2017: 54, 734, pl. 7, fig. 2; Hasegawa et al. 2001: 4; Kaas et al. 2006: 264, fig. 107, map 50 (bibliography and synonymy); Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 100, fig. 6.</p><p>Liolophura loochooana; Is. Taki 1962: 46; Iw. Taki 1964b: 412; Li et al. 1989: 3818, figs 1–8.</p><p>Type material. Type material is presumably lost; neotype: CAS 0 44306, designated by Ferreira 1986 .</p><p>Type locality. Loo Choo Islands for the lost types and restricted to Buckner Bay, Okinawa, Japan for the neotype.</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, China, Hainan Island. Sanya, Luhuitou, on old corals, intertidal, 1spm, BL 19.0 mm, 22.03.1958, leg. O. Scarlato; among live and dead corals, intertidal, 2 spms, BL 13–14 mm, 0 5.04.1958, leg. P. Ushakov; transect III, stn 1, sample 2, 8 spms, BL 16–26 mm, 19.03.1958, leg. A. Strelkov &amp; P. Ushakov; stn 1, 2, intertidal, 2 spms, BL 21–32 mm, 20.03.1958, leg. A. Strelkov and P. Ushakov; Western beach, on rocks, 2 spms, BL 16–18 mm, 31.03.1958, leg. A. Gurjanova ; Eastern Island stn 1, 1 spm, BL 32 mm, 0 6.04.1958, leg. A. Strelkov, P. Ushakov and Baoling Wu on rocks, 1 spm, BL 22.0 mm, 0 4.01.1960, leg. O. Scarlato; stn. 2, 20°09’36’’N, 110°41′17’’E, depth 1–3 m, on stones, 2 spms, BL 10.0–16.0 mm, 13.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 3, 20°09’36’’N, 110°41′17’’E, intertidal, on stones, 9 spms, BL 4.0–20.0 mm, 13.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 4, 19°38’12’’N, 111°01′52’’E, intertidal pool, on rocks, 4 spms, BL 28.0–32.0 mm, 14.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 11, 18°23’17’’N, 109°51′29’’E, intertidal, on rocks, 11 spms, BL 10.0–12.0 mm, 16.11.2016, leg. S. Grebelniy; stn. 12, 18°23’17’’N, 109°51′29’’E, intertidal, on rocks, 4 spms, BL 25.0–28.0 mm, 16.11.2016, leg. J. Zhang; stn. 26, 18°11’46’’N, 109°29′40’’E, intertidal–1.5 m, on stones, 3 spms, BL 30.0–32.0 mm, 22.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko and S. Grebelniy; stn. 28, 18°18’03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 1.5– 2 m, on stones, 11 spms, BL 18.0–35.0 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; Xincun, Nanwanhou Id., stn 1, oyster bed, 2 spms, BL 23–24 mm, 19.04.1958, leg. O. Scarlato ; North beach, transect I, stn 1, sample 1, 1 spm, BL 30 mm, 15.04.1958, leg. D. Naumov.</p><p>Distribution. The species was reported from Shizuoka and Tanegashima Island, Japan, and southward to Taiwan, Hong Kong, Hainan and northern Vietnam up to Cat Ba Island.</p><p>Remarks. Acanthopleura loochooana differs from Liolophura japonica which inhabits the same area by having incompletely reduced slits in the insertion plates of the tail valve (vs. smooth insertion plates without slits of tail valve in L. japonica).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF859F0BFF7AC7A1FE1BFAA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF859F0BFF7AC2B0FBE7F8EA.text	411A87B3FF859F0BFF7AC2B0FBE7F8EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthopleura tenuispinosa (Leloup 1939)	<div><p>Acanthopleura tenuispinosa (Leloup, 1939)</p><p>Liolophura japonica forma tenuispinosa Leloup 1939: 1, figs 1, 3, 4; 1961: 39, fig. 5AII.</p><p>Liolophura (Liolophura) japonica (Lischke, 1873), form tenuispinosa: Leloup 1939; Van Belle 1980: 34.</p><p>Liolophura tenuispinosa; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1998: 185.</p><p>Acanthopleura tenuispinosa; Saito &amp; Yoshioka 1993: 45, figs 1–17; Saito 2000: 19, pl. 9, fig. 9; 2017: 54, 734, pl. 7, fig. 6; Xu 2008: 457.</p><p>Type material. Unknown, types unascertained (Ferreira 1986).</p><p>Type locality. Paulo Dama, Gulf of Siam .</p><p>Distribution. Gulf of Siam (Leloup 1939), Hong Kong (Van Belle 1980) and Amami and Okinawa Islands (Saito &amp; Yoshioka 1993).</p><p>Remarks. This species used to be considered as a forma of Liolophura japonica (Leloup 1939; Van Belle 1980). But Saito &amp; Yoshioka (1993) regarded it as a distinct species (see remarks of L. japonica). Kaas et al. (2006) considered it also as a form of L. japonica . We follow here Saito &amp; Yoshioka (1993).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF859F0BFF7AC2B0FBE7F8EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC3D6FDF3FAD1.text	411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC3D6FDF3FAD1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthochitonina Bergenhayn 1930	<div><p>Suborder Acanthochitonina Bergenhayn, 1930</p><p>Superfamily Mopalioidea Dall, 1889</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC3D6FDF3FAD1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC658FBD4FB1D.text	411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC658FBD4FB1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liolophura japonica (Lischke 1873)	<div><p>Liolophura japonica (Lischke, 1873)</p><p>Chiton japonicus Lischke 1873: 22 . Chiton defilippii Tapparone-Canefri, 1874: 77 . Liolophura japonica (Lischke, 1873), var. tessellata Pilsbry, 1893: 243, pl. 53: figs 45–46. Liolophura japonica; Is. Taki 1938: 398, pl. XV, fig. 3, pl. XXXII, figs 15, 16, pl. XXXIII, figs 1–8, pl. XXXIV, figs 1–4; 1962:</p><p>46; Iw. Taki 1964b: 412; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 9; Yum 1988: 29, pl. 3: fig. 1, pl. 14, pl. 25: figs 1–2, pl. 29: fig. 4;</p><p>Dell'Angelo et al. 1990: 45; Ma 2004: 5, fig. 1, pl. 2, fig. F. Acanthopleura japonica; Ferreira 1986: 250, 272, figs 68–72, 1151 (bibliography and synonymy); Saito 1995: 108; 1998: 156;</p><p>2000: 19, pl. 9, fig. 10; 2001: 198; 2006: 215; 2017: 51, 734, pl. 7, fig. 7; Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 101, fig. 7. Acanthopleura (Liolophura) japonica; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 28, pls. 4J–M, 6D, E, 8C, 9A–B (bibliography). Liolophura (Liolophura) japonica; Kaas et al. 2006: 277, fig. 112, map 52 (bibliography and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. Unascertained, maybe it is in Löbbecke Museum und Aquazoo, Düsseldorf (Schwabe in review).</p><p>Type locality. Japan, Nagasaki .</p><p>Distribution. Japan (from Hokkaido to Okinawa), the southern coast of Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and northern Vietnam (Cat Ba Island), intertidal zone.</p><p>Remarks. Acanthopleura tenuispinosa (Leloup, 1939) described from the Gulf of Thailand is similar to L. japonica . According to Saito &amp; Yoshioka (1993), L. japonica differs from A. tenuispinosa by having a mucro which is strongly projected posteriorly beyond the posterior margin (vs. raised and situated at slightly anterior to posterior margin in A. tenuispinosa). Moreover L. japonica, the callus of the tail valve is smooth or pectinated only in a lateral small portion (vs. pectinated except for middle portion in A. tenuispinosa), its dorsal spicules are large thick, cylindrical or flattened (vs. small, slender and cylindrical in A. tenuispinosa), the interior of the valves is dark brown to dark purplish brown (vs. light brown to greyish brown in A. tenuispinosa).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC658FBD4FB1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC7AEFA24FE8A.text	411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC7AEFA24FE8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liolophura Pilsbry 1893	<div><p>Genus Liolophura Pilsbry, 1893</p><p>Type species. Chiton japonicus Lischke, 1873, OD. Genus distribution and range. Eastern and northeastern shores of Australia, and the western Pacific Ocean .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC7AEFA24FE8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC282FE53F9CB.text	411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC282FE53F9CB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plaxiphora Gray 1847	<div><p>Genus Plaxiphora Gray, 1847</p><p>Type species. Chiton carmichaelis Gray, 1828 (= Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795), SD Gray (1847). Genus distribution and range. The genus is widespread in the South Atlantic as well as in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Eocene–Recent</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8A9F04FF7AC282FE53F9CB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8A9F05FF7AC198FD25FE64.text	411A87B3FF8A9F05FF7AC198FD25FE64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Plaxiphora bucklandnicksi Sirenko 2012	<div><p>Plaxiphora bucklandnicksi Sirenko, 2012</p><p>(Fig. 4A)</p><p>Plaxiphora bucklandnicksi Sirenko2012: 88, pl. 13 D, E; figs 27; 28.</p><p>Plaxiphora sp.; Hasegawa et al. 2001: 3, pl. 1, fig. 1.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (ZISP 2177) and 10 paratypes (ZISP 2178). Type locality. South China Sea, off <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">South</a> Vietnam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Nhatrang Bay</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Nok Island</a>, 0 m. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Material</a> examined. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">South</a> China <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Sea</a>, Hainan <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.68806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.68806/lat 20.16)">Island</a>, stn. 3, 20°09’36’’N, 110°41′17’’E, intertidal, on stones,</p><p>6 spms, BL 4.0–7.0 mm, 13.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 5, 19°38’12’’N, 111°01′52’’E, intertidal, on stones, 3 spms, BL 3.0–4.0 mm, 14.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 13, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29′40’’E, depth 2–3 m, on old corals, 2 spms, BL 4.0 mm, 19.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 14, 18°12’09’’N, 109°29′40’’E, intertidal pool, on stones, 1 spm, BL 4.0 mm, 19.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 22, 18°11’46’’N, 109°29’40’’E, depth 2 m, on old corals, 1 spm, BL 3.0 mm, 21.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 26, 18°11’46’’N, 109°29’40’’E, intertidal–1.5 m, on stones, 21 spms, BL 2.0–4.0 mm, 22.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko, S. Grebelniy.</p><p>Distribution. Vietnam from the Gulf of Thailand to Danang, China, Hainan Island, mainly intertidal to 3 m depth.</p><p>Remarks. This is one of the abundant species of the intertidal zone which is difficult to find because of its small size and the rich fouling on the valves.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8A9F05FF7AC198FD25FE64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC017FE15F859.text	411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC017FE15F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptoplax Carpenter in Dall 1882	<div><p>Genus Leptoplax Carpenter in Dall, 1882</p><p>Type species. Chiton coarctatus Sowerby, 1841, by monotypy. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=159.73334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 159.73334/lat -25.333334)">Genus</a> distribution and range. Japan, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Coral Sea (Capel Bank, 25°20´S, 159°44´E), intertidal to 56 m. Recent .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC017FE15F859	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC57EFC7AFC82.text	411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC57EFC7AFC82.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Placiphorella Carpenter in Dall 1879	<div><p>Genus Placiphorella Carpenter in Dall, 1879</p><p>Type species. Placiphorella velata Carpenter MS, OD Dall 1879.</p><p>Genus distribution and range. NW and NE Pacific Ocean (shallow water species, from intertidal zone to 60 m depth), Pacific Ocean, from the Bering Sea to New Zealand and Chile, South Indian Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean (deep-water species, from depth 100 to 2000 m). Miocene–Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC57EFC7AFC82	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC450FE76FA6B.text	411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC450FE76FA6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Placiphorella stimpsoni (Gould 1859)	<div><p>Placiphorella stimpsoni (Gould, 1859)</p><p>(Fig. 4B)</p><p>Chiton (Molpalia) stimpsoni Gould 1859: 165 . Langfordiella japonica Dall 1925: 96 . Placiphorella japonica; Is. Taki 1962: 34; Iw. Taki 1964b: 411; Ma 2004: 3, pl. 1, fig. C. Placiphorella stimpsoni; Saito &amp; Okutani 1989: 219, figs 28–46, 50–52 (bibliography and synonymy); Dell’Angelo et al. 1990:</p><p>43, pl. 4, figs 1–3; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 41, pls. 11F 12E, F, 13A; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1994: 336, fig. 136, map 55; Clark</p><p>1994: 308; Saito 1995: 107; 1998: 153; 2000: 17, pl. 8, fig. 7; 2001: 199, fig. 13; 2006: 215; 2017: 53, 736, pl. 9, fig. 5; Xu</p><p>2008: 458. Non: Placiphorella stimpsoni; Dall 1886 (pars) et auct. (= Placiphorella borealijaponica Saito &amp; Okutani, 1989). Non: Placiphorella stimpsoni; Dall 1921: 197; Oldroyd 1927: 316. (= Placiphorella velata Carpenter MS, Dall, 1879).</p><p>Type material. Syntypes USNM 1646. Type locality. Japan, Hakodadi Bay, 45 m. Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, Sanya, 55M-443, 1 spm, BL 25.0 mm, 0 6.04.1955 Distribution. Japan, southern and western shores of Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Hainan. Remarks. For a long time it was believed that this species occurs in the sea of Japan and near Hokkaido (Is. Taki 1938; Jakovleva 1952; Sirenko 1976b). However, Saito &amp; Okutani (1989) found another species P. borealijaponica occurs there.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8B9F05FF7AC450FE76FA6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF889F07FF7AC7A1FD47F951.text	411A87B3FF889F07FF7AC7A1FD47F951.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptoplax doederleini (Thiele 1909)	<div><p>Leptoplax doederleini (Thiele, 1909)</p><p>(Figs 19–21)</p><p>Notoplax döderleini Thiele 1909: 39, pl. 5, figs 32–38; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 40; 1998: 64; Xu 2008: 458.</p><p>Notoplax (Notoplax) doederleini; Van Belle 1982: 478, fig. 4.</p><p>“ Notoplax ” doederleini; Saito 1998: 160, fig. 2N; 2000a: 102.</p><p>Leptoplax doederleini; Saito 2000: 21, pl. 10, fig. 6; 2001: 200, fig. 14; 2006: 217; 2017: 54, 737, pl. 10, fig.8; Sirenko &amp; Saito 2017: 460, figs 9–12, 43D. Type material. Holotype ZMB Moll. 102017.</p><p>Type locality. Kajiyama (=? Katsuyama, Tokyo Bay), Japan .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan, Xincun, corals and Zostera sp., 0.5 m, 1 spm, BL 10.5 mm, 21.04.1958.</p><p>Distribution. From Pacific coast of central Japan to Okinawa, Hong Kong, Hainan and northern Vietnam, 0– 20 m.</p><p>Remarks. Van Belle (1982) reported this species from Hong Kong for the first time. Specimens from Hainan (Fig. 20D, this study) and from Vietnam (Fig. 11, Sirenko &amp; Saito 2017) differ from specimen from specimens from Hong Kong (Fig. 4, Van Belle 1982) by the shape of the central tooth of the radula. The studied specimen (BL 10.5 mm) has a radula that is 3.5 mm long with 37 transverse rows of mature teeth and 11gills extended from valve V to valve VII. Slit formula of this specimen is 5/1/8.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF889F07FF7AC7A1FD47F951	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF899F07FF7AC025FD72F82A.text	411A87B3FF899F07FF7AC025FD72F82A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthochitona Gray 1821	<div><p>Genus Acanthochitona Gray, 1821</p><p>Type species. Chiton fascicularis Linnaeus, 1767, by monotypy. Genus distribution and range. Widespread in tropical and subtropical waters of all oceans and seas, from the intertidal zone to shallow water. Oligocene–Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF899F07FF7AC025FD72F82A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8E9F00FF7AC2B2FE75F806.text	411A87B3FF8E9F00FF7AC2B2FE75F806.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthochitona achates (Gould 1859)	<div><p>Acanthochitona achates (Gould, 1859)</p><p>Chiton (Acanthochaetes) achates Gould 1859: 165 .</p><p>Acanthochiton sagamicus Bergenhayn 1933: 43, pl. 1, fig. 14.</p><p>Acanthochiton achates; Is. Taki 1938: 360 –362, pl. 15, fig. 2, pl. 23, figs 7–11, pl. 24, figs 3–7; Xu 2008: 458.</p><p>Acanthochitona achates; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1980: 1; 1998: 11; Saito 1995: 109; 1998: 161; 2000a: 23, pl. 11, fig. 9; 2000b: 102; 2001: 200, fig. 17; 2006: 217; Slieker 2000: 100, pl. 38, fig. 26; Sirenko &amp; Saito 2017: 475, figs 21–23, 44A.</p><p>Notoplax doederleini; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 46, pls. 13C, 14B, 15D–F, 16C–D (non Notoplax doederleini Thiele, 1909).</p><p>Type material. Lectotype MCZ 169031.</p><p>Type locality. Kikaia and Hakodadi (= Hakodate) Bay, Hokkaido, Japan</p><p>Distribution. Japanese coast from southern Hokkaido to Okinawa Island; Korean coast; East China Sea Coast of China; South China Sea, Hong Kong, northern Vietnam, intertidal.</p><p>Remarks. Bullock &amp; Harper (1994) reported this species from Hong Kong for the first time, but they identified it as Notoplax doederleini (Thiele, 1909) . Their good description and figures show that their identification was erroneous.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8E9F00FF7AC2B2FE75F806	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8F9F01FF7AC7A1FE13FC93.text	411A87B3FF8F9F01FF7AC7A1FE13FC93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthochitona britayevi Sirenko 2012	<div><p>Acanthochitona britayevi Sirenko, 2012</p><p>(Fig. 4C)</p><p>Acanthochitona britayevi Sirenko 2012: 91, pl. 14 A, D; figs 29, 30.</p><p>Notoplax (Notoplax) formosa; Van Belle 1980: 34, pl. 1, fig. 6 (non Reeve 1847, fide Van Belle 1982).</p><p>Notoplax (Notoplax) sp.; Van Belle 1982: 480, fig. 5; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 47, pls. 13D, 14C, 15G–I, 16E–F; Xu 2008: 458.</p><p>Type material. Holotype ZISP 2179.</p><p>Type locality. South China Sea, off South Vietnam, Nhatrang Bay, Nok Island .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, Xincun, Nanwanhou Island, rocks, 1 spm, BL 8.0 mm, 20.04.1958.</p><p>Distribution. South China Sea, Vietnam from Nhatrang Bay to Da Nang, and China, Hainan and Hong Kong, intertial–0.5 m.</p><p>Remarks. Van Belle (1980) reported this species from Hong Kong for the first time, but he identified it as Notoplax (Notoplax) formosa (Reeve, 1847) . Later Van Belle (1982) changed his identification into Notoplax (Notoplax) sp. Bullock &amp; Harper (1994) followed Van Belle (1980). Owing to the good drawings of Piet Kaas in Van Belle (1982), the good figures and description of Bullock &amp; Harper (1994), we identify this species as Acanthochitona britayevi .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8F9F01FF7AC7A1FE13FC93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8F9F01FF7AC460FD32FAC7.text	411A87B3FF8F9F01FF7AC460FD32FAC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthochitona intermedia (Nierstrasz 1905)	<div><p>Acanthochitona intermedia (Nierstrasz, 1905)</p><p>(Figs 4D, 22–24)</p><p>Acanthochites intermedius Nierstrasz 1905: 56, pl. 1, fig. 19, pl. 4, figs 109–114.</p><p>Acanthochitona intermedia; Saito 2000: 23, fig. 7.</p><p>Acanthochiton sp.; Xu 2008: 458.</p><p>Type material. ITZ .</p><p>Type locality. Sanguisiapo, Banda, Indonesia (“Siboga” Expedition, stns. 93, 240, 0–12 m) .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Xisha Islands, MBM 100328, 2 spms, BL 12.0–14.0 mm, 20.04.1958</p><p>Distribution. Indonesia, Xisha Islands, Japan (Amami Islands).</p><p>Remarks. The studied specimen (BL 14 mm) has a radula that is 4.5 mm long with 33 transverse rows of mature teeth and 14 gills extended from valve IV to valve VII. The species has previously been reported from Indonesia (Nierstrasz 1905) and South Japan (Saito 2000). Due to the new record from Xisha Islands, the geographic range for this species is expanded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8F9F01FF7AC460FD32FAC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FF8F9F02FF7AC29FFA95FF69.text	411A87B3FF8F9F02FF7AC29FFA95FF69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthochitona lanae Sirenko & Saito 2017	<div><p>Acanthochitona lanae Sirenko &amp; Saito, 2017</p><p>(Fig. 4E)</p><p>Acanthochitona sp.; Sirenko 2012: 98, pl. 14B, fig. 33. Acanthochitona lanae Sirenko &amp; Saito 2017: 484, figs 30–32, 44D. Craspedochiton laqueatus; Van Belle 1980: 34, pl. 1, fig. 5; 1982: 478; Bullock &amp; Harper 1994: 43, pls. 13B, 14A, 15A–C; 16A–B (non Chiton laqueatus Sowerby, 1841).</p><p>Type material. Holotype ZISP 2233.</p><p>Type locality. South China Sea, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.176544&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.183949" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.176544/lat 16.183949)">Near</a> Da Nang, central Vietnam, 16°11´2.22’’N, 108°10´35.58’’E, intertidal, on barnacles .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, stn. 1, 20°09’36’’N, 110°41′17’’E, depth 1–3 m, on stones, 1 spm, BL 5.0 mm, 12.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko, S. Grebelniy.</p><p>Distribution. Southern to northern Vietnam, from Nhatrang Bay to Cat Ba (12°41.037´N to 20°47.090´N), and China, Hainan and Hong Kong, intertidal– 7 m.</p><p>Remarks. Van Belle (1980) reported this species from Hong Kong for the first time, but he identified it as Craspedochiton laqueatus (Sowerby, 1841), which was followed by Bullock &amp; Harper (1994). Their figures and</p><p>short description of this species show that it is not a Craspedochiton, but an Acanthochitona . Moreover, they reported that this species “was by far the most abundant acanthochitonid collected at Cape d’Aguilar”. As far as we know, species of Craspedochiton are never abundant. This is the first find of A. lanae from Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FF8F9F02FF7AC29FFA95FF69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC7E8FAFAFEF3.text	411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC7E8FAFAFEF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptoplax de Blainville 1818	<div><p>Genus Cryptoplax de Blainville, 1818</p><p>Type species. Cryptoconchus larvaeformis de Blainville MS, Burrow, 1815, SD Gray 1821. Genus distribution and range. Tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. Paleogene–Recent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC7E8FAFAFEF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC683FB47FCB5.text	411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC683FB47FCB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptoplax elioti Pilsbry 1901	<div><p>Cryptoplax elioti Pilsbry, 1901</p><p>Cryptoplax elioti Pilsbry 1901: 153, pl. 14, figs 1–11; Nierstrasz 1906: 150; Thiele 1909: 52, 53, 56; Is. Taki &amp; Iw. Taki 1930: 103; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 7; Schwabe 2001: 27; Saito 2001: 23, pl. 11, fig. 4; 2004: 98, 101, figs 16E–F; 2017: 55, 738, pl. 11, fig. 8; Ma 2004: 5, pl. 2, fig. B; Xu 2008: 458; Schwabe et al. 2008: 27, figs 6C–E, 7B–D (taxonomy and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. Holotype ANSP 77308. Type locality. Samoa, Upolu Island, Apia (13°48’S, 171°44’W). Distribution. Samoa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-171.73334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -171.73334/lat -13.8)">Marshall</a>, New Caledonia islands, Indonesia, Japan, China and Queensland, Australia</p><p>(Schwabe et al. 2008). Remarks. This species was collected from China for the first time at Xisha Islands (Ma 2004).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC683FB47FCB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC441FE3DFAD9.text	411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC441FE3DFAD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptoplax larvaeformis (Burrow 1815)	<div><p>Cryptoplax larvaeformis (Burrow, 1815)</p><p>(Fig. 4F)</p><p>Chiton larvaeformis Burrow 1815: 179, pl. 28, figs 2–4.</p><p>Cryptoplax larvaeformis; Haddon 1886: 37, pl. 3, figs 12a– 12m; Pilsbry 1893 –94: 56 (1893), pl. 11, figs 31–36, 40–43 (1894); Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 6; Ang, 1967: 393, 423, pl. 16, figs 1–4; Slieker 2000: 22, 54, pl. 15, figs 12–12a; Schwabe 2001: 27; 2005: 54, pl. 2, fig. 11; 2006b: 20; 2007: 149, figs 3, 4A, C, 5A, C, E, 6A, C; Ma 2004: 4, pl. 2 fig. A; Xu 2008: 458; Schwabe et al. 2008: 29, figs 7E, F (taxonomy and synonymy).</p><p>Type material. Holotype NHM 1951.1.28.1. Type locality. Unknown. Material examined. South China Sea, Xisha Islands, 57–419, 1 spm, BL 35.0 mm, 12.06.1957. Distribution. Andaman Sea, Xisha Islands, Japan, Philippines, Samoa, New Caledonia and Australia</p><p>(Schwabe et al. 2008).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FFB29F3CFF7AC441FE3DFAD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
411A87B3FFB29F3DFF7AC2AAFD4BFE19.text	411A87B3FFB29F3DFF7AC2AAFD4BFE19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptoplax oculata (Quoy et Gaimard 1835)	<div><p>Cryptoplax oculata (Quoy et Gaimard, 1835)</p><p>(Fig. 4G)</p><p>Chiton oculatus Quoy &amp; Gaimard 1835: 410, pl. 73, figs 37–38.</p><p>Cryptoplax oculatus; Haddon 1886: 41, 42, pl. 1, fig. 10, pl. III, figs 10 a– 10 m; Pilsbry 1893: 55 –56, figs 1–5; Nierstrasz 1905: 74, 75, Taf. II, fig. 28, Taf. VI, figs 151–153; Ang 1967: 432 –435, pl. XX, figs 1–6, pl. XXI, figs 1–6; Schwabe 2007: 149 –153, figs 4 B, D, 5 B, D, F, 6 B, D, 7, 8 (reinstatement).</p><p>Cryptoplax larvaeformis; Leloup 1940: 25 –30, fig. 8, pl. III, fig. 1; 1952: 53; Dawydoff 1952: 113; Kaas &amp; Van Belle 1998: 134; Saito 2001: 23, fig. 3; Strack 2003: 15 (part., non Chiton larvaeformis Burrow, 1815)</p><p>Cryptoplax oculata; Huang &amp; Xu 1964: 6; Ma 2004: 4, pl. 1, fig. I; Xu 2008: 458; Sirenko 2012: 104, pls. 15 D, E; 16 B; figs 37, 38; Saito 2017: 55, 738, pl. 11, fig. 5.</p><p>Type material. Neotype (ZSM Mol 20062203), designated by Schwabe (2007).</p><p>Type locality. Indonesia, Irian Jaya, North side of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.29634&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.36416665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.29634/lat 0.36416665)">Jeftsiep Island</a> (0°21’51’’N, 130°17’46.8’’E), 2–3 m depth .</p><p>Material examined. South China Sea, Xisha Islands, 57–419, 1 spm, BL 32.0 mm, 09.041957; Hainan, Luhuitou, dead corals, intertidal, 1 spm, BL 51.5 mm, 25.03.1958, leg. O. Scarlato; Xincun, corals, 1 spm, BL 30.0 mm, 18.04.1958; Sanya, corals, 1 spm, BL 33.0 mm, 31.04.1958. Xinying, rocks, intertidal, 1 spm, BL 62.0 mm, 10.05.1958.</p><p>Distribution. The species is distributed in the South China Sea along coast of Vietnam from Phu Quy Island to Dat Island, near Hainan and Xisha Islands, near Okinawa Islands, Indonesia and Philippines from intertidal zone up to 8.0 m depth.</p><p>Remarks. Since Kaas &amp; Van Belle (1980), this species had been considered as junior synonym of C. larvaeformis until Schwabe (2007) designated a neotype and published a detailed redescription of C. oculata . The latter species can easily be distinguished from C. larvaeformis and other species of the genus Cryptoplax by having a black ring of spicules around the first three valves.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/411A87B3FFB29F3DFF7AC2AAFD4BFE19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sirenko, Boris I.;Zhang, Junlong	Sirenko, Boris I., Zhang, Junlong (2019): Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea. Zootaxa 4564 (1): 1-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
