identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
413E87C2C64DFF98FF4D2727FB0ABCF5.text	413E87C2C64DFF98FF4D2727FB0ABCF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eucyclops productus Kiefer 1939	<div><p>Eucyclops productus Kiefer, 1939 (Figs. 1–6; Table 1)</p><p>Eucyclops productus Kiefer, 1939: 141–143, fig 15a–e (female)</p><p>Type locality. — Chushul, India</p><p>Material examined. — Lake Mandongco. 8 females, 7 males; NIGLAS 20000101–113; 1 female and 1 male dissected and mounted on slides (NIG 20180001–0002); all specimens collected by F.Z. Chen.</p><p>Redescription. Female (Figs. 2–4). Body length (exclusive of caudal setae) 1200–1620 µm (n=8). Except for the orange genital double somite, other parts of the body grayish brown. Cephalothorax about 1.1 times longer than width, with the greatest width close to the posterior end (Fig. 2A). The length of the genital double somite slightly longer than the width, which is similar to the inverted trapezoid. Pediger V with a hair–like setae on lateral margins (Fig. 2D). Anal plate slightly convex. Posterior margin of anal somite with row of spinules.</p><p>Caudal rami (Fig. 2C) slender and slightly divergent, 7–8 times longer than wide. Caudal rami bearing slightly reduced serra (row of spinules along lateral margin), extending along about two thirds of ramus length and six terminal setae at the distal part of the ramus, more or less plumose. Proportions of the length of the four distal setae: 1/4.23–5.43/7–7.79/1.12–1.33 (from s1 to s4). Dorsal caudal seta shorter, and innermost seta longer than outermost seta.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 2B) 12–segmented, short, hardly reaching posterior border of cephalothorax, with a smooth/ finely serrate hyaline membrane at three last segments. Setation of A1 segments beginning from the first: 8/4/2/6/4/ 2/2/3/2/2/3/7+I (Arabic: seta, Roman numeral: aesthetasc). First segment of A1 with a row of long spinules.</p><p>A2 (Fig. 3A, C) 4–segmented (composed of basipodite and 3–segmented endopodite), setation of segments beginning from basipodite: 3/1/9/7. Frontal side ornamentation of A2 basipodite (Fig. 3B): a group of small spinules (groups N9) at the insertion of medial setae, a group of spinules (group N8) proximal to it, few spinules (group N7) at exopodal seta and three rows of spinules (groups N10, N11, N12) at the lateral margin. Caudal side ornamentation of A2 basipodite (Fig. 3D): consists of oblique proximal and longitudinal lateral groups of spinules (groups N3, N4, N5); hair–setules (groups N1, N2) absent at distal margin.</p><p>Mandible (Fig. 3F–G) short and small. Gnathobase of the mandible with 10 large blunt or pointed teeth. On the palp one small and two long setae with a row of spinules around them.</p><p>Maxilla (Fig. 3I) praecoxa bearing two long strong setae and short transverse row of spinules on the opposite margin. Maxilla setation as typical for Eucyclops .</p><p>Maxillule (Fig. 3H) biramous, praecoxa with seven strong spines and a short strong seta. Basal excite with seven differing length setae and a spine. Maxillulary palp smooth, not armed with spinules.</p><p>Maxilliped (Fig. 3E) 4–segmented. Armament as typical for Eucyclops . Praecoxa with two strong setae in the middle part of the distal margin and a relatively small seta at the end of the same margin. Basis with a strong seta at the distal margin and a short spine at its surface with a group of short spinules at its base. The first segment of endopodite with a strong spine and a row of setules around the rudimentary rest of the last segment and the endopodite bearing a strong spine and two hairless setae.</p><p>Legs P1–P5 symmetrical. P1–P4 (Fig. 4) exo– and endopodites 3–segmented, exopodite spine formula 3/4/4/3. Distal segments of P1–P4 exopodites with five setae. Distal segments of P1–P3 endopodites with a spine and five setae.</p><p>P1 intercoxal plate (Fig. 4A, B) frontally with rows of spinules on each side. Distal margin with two round projections. Coxopodite ornamented with a short row of hair–setules along lateral margin (group F). Coxal seta bearing dense hair–setae on both sides. Inner outgrowth of basipodite with long dense hair–setules. Spiniform inner seta of basipodite reaching middle of distal segment of endopodite.</p><p>P2 intercoxal plate (Fig. 4C, D) frontally with rows of spinules on each side. Coxopodite ornamented with two groups of spinules and a short row of hair–setules along lateral margin (group F). Coxal seta bearing dense hair–setae on both sides. Inner outgrowth of basipodite with dense hair–setules.</p><p>P3 intercoxal plate (Fig. 4E, F) frontally and caudally with rows of spinules on each side. Coxopodite ornamented with groups of spinules and a short row of hair–setules along lateral margin (group F). Coxal seta bearing long hairs proximally and short denticles distally. Inner outgrowth of basipodite with dense long hair–setules.</p><p>P4 intercoxal plate (Fig. 4G–H) frontally and caudally with rows of long spinules on each side (groups II, III), distal margin with rare hair–setules (group I). Coxopodite (Fig. 4G, J) ornamented with groups of spinules (groups A, B, C, D, E, H), a group of tiny spinules (group I) proximal to intercoxal plate and a short row of hair–setules along lateral margin (group F). Among them, groups C+D with a gap, group I small and dense, dot-like. Coxal seta (Fig. 4G, J) bearing long hairs proximally and short denticles distally. Inner outgrowth of basipodite with sparse hair–setules (Fig. 4G). P4enp3 (Fig. 4I) elongated, approximately 2.5 times as long as wide, bearing two strong distal spines; the inner spine approximately 1.4 times longer than the outer one.</p><p>P5 (Fig. 2E) 1–segmented, bearing of two setae and a spine. The inner spine long and strong with few fine hair–setules and small spinules at the base. The middle seta almost 2 times longer than outer one, and slightly longer than inner spine.</p><p>Egg sacs bearing about 12–13 large eggs each.</p><p>Male (Fig. 5). Body length (exclusive of caudal setae) 1060–1180 µm (n=7). The body slenderer than in female. The body color same as in female. Cephalosome 1.1 times longer than wide (Fig. 5A). A1 14–segmented. Pediger V without lateral groups of setae. Caudal rami shorter than in female, without lateral serra (Fig. 5B). The characteristics of mouth appendages and P1–P5 similar to females. P4enp3 approximately 2.1 times as long as wide, and the inner spine 1.55 times as long as the outer one. Coxal setae of P4 same as female, armed with long hairs in proximal part and short denticles in distal part. Distal margin of P4 intercoxal plate with fewer hair–setules (Fig. 5E). P4 coxopodite ornamentation with merged groups C and D (Fig. 5D).</p><p>P6 (Fig. 5C) with two setae and a strong slightly longer spine, the length of spine 55–57μm, almost reaching the distal border of the next somite. The length proportions from outer seta to inner spine: 1/0.94/1.22.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/413E87C2C64DFF98FF4D2727FB0ABCF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ding, Ruirui;Chen, Feizhou;Alekseev, Victor R.	Ding, Ruirui, Chen, Feizhou, Alekseev, Victor R. (2022): A redescription of the rare eucyclopine copepod Eucyclops productus Kiefer, 1939 (Multicrustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae) and a keу to Eucyclops subgenera and species of China and adjacent areas. Zootaxa 5182 (4): 377-388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.4.4
413E87C2C645FF95FF4D234BFA7FBF41.text	413E87C2C645FF95FF4D234BFA7FBF41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eucyclops Claus 1893	<div><p>Keу to Eucyclops subgenera and species of China and adjacent areas</p><p>The key includes also subgenera still not found in this area but possible after more profound faunistic research.</p><p>1. Antennule 11–segmented.......................................................... Subgenus Мrazekicyclops (Not found in this area but possible in underground water)</p><p>– Antennule12–segmented............................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Caudal rami with denticles on dorsal surface or hair–setae at inner margin...................... Subgenus Ciliocyclops E. (C.) permixtus Kiefer, 1928 [Kangra Valley, Western Himalayas, India]</p><p>– Caudal rami without hairs on inner margin or denticles on dorsal surface......................................... 3</p><p>3. Caudal rami very short (L/W &lt;2.7)................................................ Subgenus Breviramocyclops (Not found in this area but possible in underground water)</p><p>– Caudal rami longer (L/W&gt; 2.7, usually more than 3)........................................................ 4</p><p>4. Distal setae of P4enp3 long, extending above tips of nearest spines..................... Subgenus Subterrocyclops (5)</p><p>– Distal setae of P4enp3 short, usually shorter than nearest spine or sometime only outer seta can reach distal end of adjacent spine, but never longer than it........................................................................... 7</p><p>5. Caudal rami with much reduced serra, there are only 3–4 spinules above lateral set............................................................... E. (Sub.) chivahensis Lindberg, 1960 [Lake Shiva, Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan]</p><p>– Caudal rami with developed serra ....................................................................... 6</p><p>6. Caudal rami with serra of small equal spinules; L/W about 4. P4enp3 distal spines not less than segment length. Female body size without caudal setae more than 1 mm ............................. E. (Sub.) nagasaki Ueno, 1934 [Cave, Japan]</p><p>– Distal spinules of caudal rami serra noticeably larger than proximal ones; L/W ratio of caudal rami about 3. P4enp3 distal spines noticeably shorter than segment length. Female body size without caudal setae less than 1 mm .................................................. E. (Sub.) bryophilus Lindberg, 1950 [moss near the waterfall, Shillong, Assam, India]</p><p>7. Caudal rami smooth with only few spinules above lateral seta.......................... Subgenus Мacrurocyclops (8)</p><p>– Caudal rami with more or less developed serra extending along outer edge....................................... 9</p><p>8. Caudal rami very long, L/W 8–10. Caudal dorsal seta shorter than outermost seta................................................................................................ E. (M.) macrurus (Sars G.O., 1863) [Palearctic]</p><p>– Caudal rami much shorter, L/W about 5. Caudal dorsal seta longer than outermost seta................................................................................... E. (M.) defectus Lindberg, 1937 [Pachmarhi, Central India]</p><p>9. Leg 5 with very small inner spine shorter than leg segment.................................. Subgenus Sarsicyclops [Not found in this area but possible in underground water]</p><p>– Leg 5 with larger inner spine longer than leg segment....................................................... 10</p><p>10. Antennule with denticulate hyaline membrane at distal segments (10th and/or 11th and/or 12th).................................................................................................... Subgenus Denticyclops (11)</p><p>– Antennule with smooth/finely–serrated hyaline membrane or without it......................................... 15</p><p>11. The 10th and 11th segments of antennule with denticulate hyaline membrane, the 12th segment with smooth hyaline membrane......................... E. (D.) taiwanensis Sukhikh, Alekseev, 2015 [Abvil Lake, Taiwan Province, China]</p><p>– All three distal segments of antennule with denticulate hyaline membrane....................................... 12</p><p>12. Caudal rami long, L/ W 5.5 and more................................................................... .. 13</p><p>– Caudal rami shorter, L/W less than 5.5. Spines of swimming legs wide, conspicuously spatulate...................... 14</p><p>13. Hyaline membrane of the 12th segment of antennule with small denticles of the same size....................................................................................... E. (D.) macruroides (Lilljeborg, 1901) [Palearctic]</p><p>– Proximal part of hyaline membrane of the 12th segment of antennule with 8–12 large denticles, distal part of the membrane with much smaller denticles....................................... E. (D.) denticulatus (Graeter, 1903) [Palearctic]</p><p>14. Distal segments of antennule with hyaline membrane reduced to tiny separate teeth (sometimes visible only as small dots). Caudal rami with lateral serra of spinules significantly increasing distally. Innermost caudal seta usually bare, sometimes with rare hairs. Inner spine of P5 short, nearly equal to segment length; this spine thin, not more than 2 times wider than adjacent setae.............................................. E. (D.) euacanthus (Sars G.O., 1909) [Africa, Asia, Australia]</p><p>– Distal segments of antennule with wide serrated hyaline membrane. Caudal rami with lateral serra of small spinules. Innermost caudal seta densely plumose. Inner spine of P5 noticeably longer than segment; this spine very thick, 3–4 times wider than adjacent setae.......................................................................................... E. (D.) microdenticulatus Lindberg, 1940 [Small ponds and streams, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, South West India]</p><p>15. Antenna basipodite with hair–setae near distal border (groups N1, N2)..................... Subgenus Eucyclops (16)</p><p>– Antenna basipodite without groups N1, N2 of hair–setae.............................. Subgenus Speratocyclops (17)</p><p>16. P4 coxal spine homogenously plumose on both sides...................................... Eucyclops (E.) agiloides (Sars G.O., 1909) s. lat. [Africa, Asia]</p><p>– P4 coxal spine inner margin with continuous hairs, while outer margin with “gap” (hairs/denticles missing at the middle of margin).............................................. Eucyclops (E.) serrulatus (Fischer, 1851) s. lat. [Palearctic]</p><p>17. In caudal rami innermost seta shorter than outermost seta..................................................................................... E. (S.) leschermoutouae Alekseev et Defaye, 2004 [well in Balearic Islands, Europe]</p><p>– Innermost caudal seta longer than or subequal to outermost seta............................................... 18</p><p>18. Caudal rami long, L/W&gt; 5............................................................................. 19</p><p>– Caudal rami shorter, L/W &lt;5........................................................................... 20</p><p>19. Inner spine of leg 5 very strong, knife-like, L/W&gt; 6......................................................... 19</p><p>– Inner spine of leg 5 weak, seta-like, L/W about 5..................... E. (S.) biwensis Ishida, 1998 [Lake Biwa, Japan]</p><p>20. Caudal rami L/W 6–8. P4 coxal spine homogenously covered with long thin hairs; P4 intercoxal plate with long dense hairs on distal edge....................................................... E. (S.) speratus (Lilljeborg, 1901) [Palearctic]</p><p>– Caudal rami L/W&gt; 8. P4 coxal spine with short denticles distally and long hairs proximally; P4 intercoxal plate with few rare hairs on distal edge.................................... E. (S.) productus Kiefer, 1939 [North India, Western China]</p><p>21. Inner outgrowth of P4 basipodite hairless..... E. (S.) dumonti Alekseev, 2000 [Eastern Siberia, Mongolia, China, Thailand]</p><p>– Inner outgrowth of P4 basipodite with hairs............................................................... 22</p><p>22. Caudal rami L/W &lt;4. Innermost caudal seta subequal to outermost seta (1.1–1.2: 1)........................................................................ E. (S.) arcanus Alekseev, 1990 [Eastern Siberia, Mongolia, Northern China]</p><p>– Caudal rami longer, L/W&gt; 4.2. Innermost caudal seta noticeably longer than outermost seta (1.4–1.8:1)............... 23</p><p>23. P4 intercoxal plate with hairless distal margin........................................................................................... E. (S.) troposperatus Alekseev et Yusoff, 2013 [City ponds in Dumen, Sumatra, Indonesia]</p><p>– P4 intercoxal plate with setules at its distal margin.......................................................... 24</p><p>24. P4 intercoxal plate with long-hair setules at its distal margin............................................................................................ E. (S.) azonrensis Defaye &amp; Dussart, 1991 [Azores, Madeira, North Africa]</p><p>– P4 intercoxal plate with short stiff setules at its distal margin.......................................................................................... E. (S.) delongi Alekseev, Abramova, Chaban, 2019 [Eastern Siberia, China?]</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/413E87C2C645FF95FF4D234BFA7FBF41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ding, Ruirui;Chen, Feizhou;Alekseev, Victor R.	Ding, Ruirui, Chen, Feizhou, Alekseev, Victor R. (2022): A redescription of the rare eucyclopine copepod Eucyclops productus Kiefer, 1939 (Multicrustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae) and a keу to Eucyclops subgenera and species of China and adjacent areas. Zootaxa 5182 (4): 377-388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.4.4
