identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
400987A0FF957400FDE6FC5AFBCEFDFB.text	400987A0FF957400FDE6FC5AFBCEFDFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalella gracilicornis (Faxon 1876)	<div><p>Hyalella gracilicornis (Faxon, 1876)</p> <p>(figures 1–5)</p> <p>Allorchestes dentatus var. gracilicornis Faxon, 1876: 374–375, figure 36.</p> <p>Hyalella gracilicornis: Barnard and Barnard, 1983 (not dentata, not inermis): 708.</p> <p>Hyalella (Mesohyalella) gracilicornis: Bousfield, 1996: 192.</p> <p>Type material. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.</p> <p>Type locality. Campos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (21 ° 28 ∞ S, 41 ° 13 ∞ W).</p> <p>Material examined. Represa Belvedere, Campus da UFV, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (18 ° 55 ∞ S, 48 ° 1 ∞ W). MNRJ, 9533.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Body surface smooth. Coxa 4 excavated posteriorly. Eyes pigmented. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2. Antenna 2 more than half length of body. Mandible incisor toothed. Maxilla 1 palp longer than wide, reaching half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate; inner plate slender, with two strong and pappose apical setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with one strong pappose seta on inner margin. Gnathopod 1 propodus length less than twice maximum width (quadrangular), hammer-shaped, inner face with four pappose setae, setose scales on disto-posterior and disto-anterior border. Gnathopod 2 propodus ovate, palm shorter than posterior margin, slope slightly transverse, anterior corner with wide truncated or rounded process. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with three to four clusters of long setae; propodus posterior margin with two to four groups of setae. Uropod 3 peduncle with two strong distal setae; outer ramus longer than peduncle, basal width more than twice tip of ramus. Telson as wide as long, apically pointed, with two closely spaced, long simple setae, symmetrically distributed on apex. Sternal gills on peraeonites 2–7.</p> <p>Female. Gnathopod 1 similar in size but different in shape to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus length more than three times maximum width, normally subchelate, palm transverse.</p> <p>Description of male. Size 5.9 mm. Body surface smooth (figure 1). Epimeral plates 1–3 acuminate. Coxae 1–4 subequal in size and shape, slightly overlapping. Acumination in coxae absent. Coxa 1 subequal to coxae 2 and 3. Coxa 3 narrower than coxa 4. Coxa 4 deeper than wide, excavated posteriorly. Coxa 5 posterior lobe deeper than anterior. Coxa 6 anterior lobe small.</p> <p>Head smaller than first two thoracic segments, typically gammaridean, rostrum absent. Eyes pigmented, large, round, located behind insertion of antenna.</p> <p>Antenna 1 less than half of body length, shorter than antenna 2, longer than peduncle of antenna 2; peduncle longer than head, article 1 longer than article 2, article 3 shortest; flagellum with 12 articles, longer than peduncle, basal article not elongated; asthetascs occurring distally on flagellum after article 5 (figure 2 A1).</p> <p>Antenna 2 more than half body length; peduncle slender, longer than head, article 4 shorter than article 5, setal groups on article 4 and 5 scarce; flagellum of 19–25 articles, longer than article 5, basal article not elongated (figure 2 A2).</p> <p>Basic amphipodan mandible (in the sense of Watling, 1993); incisor toothed; left lacinia mobilis with four teeth; setae row on left mandible with three main setae, without accessory setae, right mandible with two main setae plus accessory setae; molar large, cylindrical and triturative, accessory seta present. Labrum ventral margin round. Lower lip outer lobes rounded without notches or excavations, mandibular projection of outer lobes round (figure 2 Mr, Mls, Bl; figure 3 U, L).</p> <p>Maxilla 1 palp uniarticulate, longer than wide, reaching half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate, distal setae feeble; inner plate slender, smaller than outer plate, with two strong and pappose apical setae; outer plate with nine stout and serrate setae (figure 4 X1r, X1l).</p> <p>Maxilla 2 inner plate subequal in length and width to outer plate, one strong pappose seta on inner margin, outer and inner plates with scarce setules (figure 4 X2r).</p> <p>Maxilliped inner plates apically truncated, with three connate setae, pappose setae apically and medially; outer plates larger than inner plates, apically truncated, apical, medial and facial setae simple; palp longer than outer plate, four articles; article 2 as wide as long, medial margin with long simple setae; article 3 outer distal face with few long simple setae, inner distal face with long plumose setae, inner distal margin with long setae, outer margin with one or two strong and long plumose setae; dactylus unguiform, shorter than third article, distal setae simple and as long or longer than nail, inner border with setae, distal nail present (figure 4 S).</p> <p>Gnathopod 1 subchelate; carpus longer than wide, longer and wider than propodus, with strong and wide posterior lobe, produced and forming a scoop-like structure, open to the inside, inner face with one to three pappose setae, border pectinate and with several pappose setae; propodus length less than twice maximum width (quadrangular), hammer-shaped, with no setae on anterior border, inner face with four pappose setae, five to nine small triangular setae, setose scales on disto-posterior and disto-anterior border, palm slope transverse, margin concave, posterior distal corner with robust setae; dactylus claw-like, no endal setae, congruent with palm (figure 2 G1).</p> <p>Gnathopod 2 subchelate; basis hind margin with one to three groups of setae; merus with fewer than seven setae on posterior margin, postero-distal margin concave, distal corner rounded; carpus posterior lobe elongated, produced between merus and propodus, border pectinate with several pappose setae; propodus ovate, scales on disto-posterior border, palm shorter than posterior margin, slope slightly transverse, margin irregular, with few strong short setae, few long setae, and several medium-sized setae, anterior corner with a wide, truncated or rounded process, posterior distal corner with strong setae, and with cup for dactyl; dactylus claw-like, congruent with palm, with a few endal setae (figure 2 G2).</p> <p>Peraeopods 3–7 simple. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with three to four hind marginal clusters of long setae; propodus posterior margin with two to four groups of setae; dactylus less than half length of propodus. Peraeopods 5–7 all similar in structure and slightly longer successively; dactylus less than half length of propodus. Peraeopod 5 subequal to peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe as wide as deep, smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7, merus with two hind marginal setae, proximal setae smaller than more distal setae. Peraeopod 6 longer than peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than wide, smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 5, and smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7. Peraeopod 7 subequal to peraeopod 6, basis posterior lobe wider than deep (figure 5 P3, P4, P5; figure 3 P6, P7).</p> <p>Pleopods not modified; peduncle slender; longest ramus longer than peduncle.</p> <p>Uropod 1 longer than uropod 2; peduncle subequal to rami; rami subequal; inner ramus with two dorsal and five distal setae, two of them longer, male without curved setae on inner side of the ramus; outer ramus with four dorsal and four distal setae; peduncle setation present (figure 5 R 1, R 1t).</p> <p>Uropod 2 rami subequal; inner ramus with two dorsal and five distal setae; outer ramus with three dorsal and three distal setae; peduncle setation present (figure 3 R 2, R 2t).</p> <p>Uropod 3 longer than urosomite 3, shorter than peduncle of uropod 1, as long as peduncle of uropod 2; peduncle slender (rectangular), same width as ramus, with two strong distal and one marginal setae; inner ramus absent; outer ramus uniarticulate, longer than peduncle, basal width more than twice tip of ramus, with one or two simple, apical, slender setae, and two connate setae (figure 5 R 3).</p> <p>Telson as wide as long, entire, apically pointed, with two closely spaced, long, simple setae, symmetrically distributed on apical margin (figure 3 T).</p> <p>Coxal gills sac-like, on peraeopods 2–6. Sternal gills tubular, on peraeonites 2–7.</p> <p>Characters of female that differ from male. Size 4.3 mm. Antenna 1 flagellum with 10 articles. Antenna 2 similar in shape to male, flagellum with 15 articles. Gnathopod 1 similar in size, and different in shape to gnathopod 2; similar to male gnathopod 1 in size and shape. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus length more than three times maximum width, normally subchelate, palm transverse (figure 4 fG1, fG2).</p> <p>Habitat. Freshwater, epigean, littoral.</p> <p>Distribution. Represa Belvefere, Campus da UFV, Minas Gerais State; Campos, Rio de Janeiro State.</p> <p>Remarks. The original description of this species was based on a single female specimen. The holotype is in good shape, but uropod 3 is missing. However, the general morphology, the characteristic length of antenna 2, and the comparison with the other species of the area justified a redescription of H. gracilicornis. The material analysed here from the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, was labelled as H. pernix, but it did not agree with Moreira’s (1903) or Pereira’s (1983, 1985) description of H. pernix. This species was considered by Barnard and Barnard (1983) to have a wide distribution, including Lake Titicaca and Chile. The specimens analysed and the present knowledge of the Chilean species do not support this view (Gonzalez and Watling, 2001). The distribution appears to be confined to the type locality and its area of influence. Hyalella gracilicornis differs from H. longistila in the shape of gnathopod 2 in the male, the relative size of antennae and the length of uropod 3. It also differs from H. warmingi in the shape of gnathopod 2 in both sexes and the structure of uropod 3. The figure given by Faxon (1876) depicts a small round eye, which is absent in the type material.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/400987A0FF957400FDE6FC5AFBCEFDFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	González, Exequiel R.;Watling, Les	González, Exequiel R., Watling, Les (2003): A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. Journal of Natural History 37 (17): 2045-2076, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210133237, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930210133237
400987A0FF9E7419FDF4FD80FBABFB9D.text	400987A0FF9E7419FDF4FD80FBABFB9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalella longistila (Faxon 1876)	<div><p>Hyalella longistila (Faxon, 1876)</p> <p>(figures 6–11)</p> <p>Allorchestes longistilus Faxon, 1876: 375, figure 37.</p> <p>Hyalella longistila: Stebbing, 1906: 577–578.</p> <p>Hyalella longistilus: Barnard and Barnard, 1983: 708.</p> <p>Hyalella (Mesohyalella) longistyla: Bousfield, 1996: 192.</p> <p>Type material. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.</p> <p>Type locality. Swamp 3 miles from Campos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (21 ° 28 ∞ S, 41 ° 13 ∞ W).</p> <p>Material examined. Only material from the type locality.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Body surface smooth. Coxa 4 excavated posteriorly. Eyes pigmented. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2. Antenna 2 more than half length of body. Mandible incisor toothed. Maxilla 1 palp minute, reaching less than half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate; inner plate slender, with two strong and pappose apical setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with one strong pappose seta on inner margin. Gnathopod 1 propodus length twice or more maximum width (rectangular), hammer-shaped, inner face with five pappose setae, disto-posterior and disto-anterior borders without setose scales. Gnathopod 2 propodus rectangular, elongated, palm as long as posterior margin, slope oblique, anterior edge with wide truncated or rounded process. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with four marginal clusters of long setae; propodus posterior margin with five to eight groups of setae. Uropod 3 peduncle with three strong distal setae; outer ramus longer than peduncle, basal width twice or less that of tip of ramus. Telson longer than wide, apically truncated, with two widely apart, long simple setae, symmetrically distributed, occasionally with shorter setae close to the main setae. Sternal gills on segments 2–7.</p> <p>Female. Gnathopod 1 similar in size to gnathopod 2, but differing in shape. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus length more than three times longer than maximum width, normally subchelate, palm transverse.</p> <p>Description of male. Size 5.9 mm. Body surface smooth (figure 6). Epimeral plates 1–3 acuminate (figure 7 E). Coxae 1–4 subequal in size and shape, slightly overlapping. Acumination in coxae absent. Coxa 1 subequal to coxae 2 and 3. Coxa 3 narrower than coxa 4. Coxa 4 deeper than wide, excavated posteriorly. Coxa 5 posterior lobe deeper than anterior. Coxa 6 anterior lobe small.</p> <p>Head smaller than first two thoracic segments, typically gammaridean, rostrum absent. Eyes pigmented, medium-sized, oval, located behind insertion of antenna 1.</p> <p>Antenna 1 half as long as body, shorter than antenna 2, much longer than peduncle of antenna 2; peduncle longer than head, articles 1 and 2 subequal in length, article 3 the shortest; flagellum with 13 articles, longer than peduncle, basal article not elongated (figure 8 A1).</p> <p>Antenna 2 reaching more than half of body length; peduncle slender, longer than head, article 4 shorter than article 5, setal groups on article 4 and 5 scarce; flagellum with 18 articles, longer than article 5, basal article not elongated (figure 8 A2)</p> <p>Basic amphipodan mandible (in the sense of Watling, 1993); incisor toothed; left lacinia mobilis with five teeth; setae row on left mandible with three main setae plus accessory setae, right mandible with two main setae plus accessory setae; molar large, cylindrical and triturative, accessory seta present. Labrum ventral margin slightly rounded to truncate (figure 8 U, Ml). Lower lip outer lobes rounded without notches or excavations, mandibular projection of outer lobes round.</p> <p>Maxilla 1 palp uniarticulate, minute, reaching less than half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate, distal setae strong; inner plate slender, smaller than outer plate, with two strong and pappose apical setae; outer plate with nine stout and serrate setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate subequal in length and width to outer plate, one strong pappose seta on inner margin, outer and inner plates with scarce setules (figure 8 X1l; figure 9 X2r).</p> <p>Maxilliped inner plates apically truncated, with three connate setae, pappose setae apically and medially; outer plates larger than inner plates, apically rounded, apical, medial and facial setae simple; palp longer than outer plate, four articles; article 2 longer than wide, medial margin with long simple setae; article 3 outer distal face with few long simple setae, inner distal face with long plumose setae, inner distal margin with long setae, outer margin with one or two strong and long plumose setae; dactylus unguiform, subequal in length to third article, distal setae simple and as long or longer than nail, inner border with setae, distal nail present (figure 9 S).</p> <p>Gnathopod 1 subchelate; carpus longer than wide, longer and wider than propodus, with strong and wide posterior lobe, produced and forming a scoop-like structure, open to the medial side, medial surface with one to three pappose setae, border pectinate and with several pappose setae; propodus length twice or more maximum width (rectangular), hammer-shaped, with no setae on anterior border, medial surface with five pappose setae, one to five small, triangular setae; distoposterior and disto-anterior borders without setose scales; palm slope transverse, margin convex, posterior distal corner with robust setae; dactylus claw-like, no endal setae, congruent with palm (figure 8 G1).</p> <p>Gnathopod 2 subchelate; basis hind margin with one to three groups of setae; merus with less than seven setae on posterior margin, postero-distal margin concave, distal corner rounded; carpus posterior lobe elongated, produced between merus and propodus, border pectinate with several pappose setae; propodus rectangular, elongated, scales on disto-posterior border, palm as long as posterior margin, slope oblique; palmar margin irregular, bearing several strong short setae, few long setae and several medium-sized setae; anterior edge with a wide, truncated or rounded process, posterior distal corner with weak setae, and with cup for dactyl; dactylus claw-like, congruent with palm, no endal setae (figure 9 G2).</p> <p>Peraeopods 3–7 simple. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with four clusters of long setae; propodus posterior margin with five to eight groups of setae; dactylus less than half as long as propodus. Peraeopods 5–7 all similar in structure and slightly longer successively; dactylus less than half as long as propodus. Peraeopod 5 subequal to peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than long, smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7; merus with two marginal setae posteriorly, proximal and distal setae subequal. Peraeopod 6 longer than peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than long, similar to posterior lobe of peraeopod 5, and smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7. Peraeopod 7 subequal to peraeopod 6, basis posterior lobe longer than deep (figure 10 P3, P4, P5; figure 7 P6, P7).</p> <p>Pleopods not modified; peduncle slender; longest ramus longer than peduncle.</p> <p>Uropod 1 longer than uropod 2; peduncle longer than rami; rami subequal; inner ramus with two dorsal and five distal setae, of which two are longer; male without curved setae on medial side of ramus; outer ramus with more than five dorsal setae and four distal setae; peduncle setation present (figure 9 R 1).</p> <p>Uropod 2 outer ramus shortened; inner ramus with two dorsal and four distal setae; outer ramus with three dorsal and three distal setae; peduncle setation present (figure 9 R 2).</p> <p>Uropod 3 longer than urosomite 3, shorter than peduncle of uropod 1, longer than peduncle of uropod 2; peduncle slender (rectangular), slightly wider than ramus, with three strong distal and no marginal setae; inner ramus absent; outer ramus uniarticulate, longer than peduncle, proximally twice as wide or less than distally, with five simple apical slender setae, and one connate seta (figure 7 R 3).</p> <p>Telson longer than wide, entire, apically truncated, with two widely spaced, long simple setae, symmetrically distributed on the apical margin, occasionally accompanied by shorter setae (figure 7 T).</p> <p>Coxal gills sac-like, on peraeopods 2–6. Sternal gills tubular, on peraeonites 2–7.</p> <p>Characters of female that differ from male. Size 6.2 mm. Antenna 1 flagellum with more than 10 articles. Antenna 2 flagellum with 11–14 articles. Gnathopod 1 similar in size, but different in shape to gnathopod 2; similar to male gnathopod 1 in size and shape. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus more than three times as long as maximum width, normally subchelate, palm transverse (figure 11 fG1, fG2).</p> <p>Habitat. Freshwater, epigean, littoral.</p> <p>Remarks. This species, poorly described by Faxon (1876), was for some time thought to be synonymous with H. warmingi or H. gracilicornis. However, detailed study of the type material indicates that this is a valid species. The characteristic elongation of many of the appendages makes it very distinct from the other species in the area. Uropod 3 is the longest in the genus, and the elongated propodus of gnathopod 2 in male and female is also characteristic. Here we designate, from the syntype series, the figured material as the lectotype (male, 5.9 mm) for the species. The material is deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. The lectotype consists of a vial with the body and the appendages. The rest of the syntype series now becomes part of the paralectotype series.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/400987A0FF9E7419FDF4FD80FBABFB9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	González, Exequiel R.;Watling, Les	González, Exequiel R., Watling, Les (2003): A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. Journal of Natural History 37 (17): 2045-2076, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210133237, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930210133237
400987A0FF87741EFDF9FB90FD64FCDC.text	400987A0FF87741EFDF9FB90FD64FCDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalella warmingi Stebbing 1899	<div><p>Hyalella warmingi Stebbing, 1899</p> <p>(figures 12–16)</p> <p>Hyalella warmingi Stebbing, 1899: 406–407, figure 32A; Stebbing, 1906: 580; Barnard and Barnard, 1983: 709; Pereira, 1983: 38–45, figures 8–10.</p> <p>Hyalella (Mesohyalella) warmingi: Bousfield, 1996: 192.</p> <p>Type material. Copenhagen Museum, CRU-8614.</p> <p>Type locality. Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (19 ° 38 ∞ S, 43 ° 53 ∞ W).</p> <p>Material examined. Lagoa Santa, Brazil; Zoological Museum, Copenhagen.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Body surface smooth. Coxa 4 excavated posteriorly. Eyes pigmented. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2. Antenna 2 more than half of body length. Mandible incisor toothed. Maxilla 1 palp short, reaching less than half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate; inner plate slender, with two strong and pappose apical setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with one strong pappose seta on inner margin. Gnathopod 1 propodus twice as long as maximum width or longer (rectangular), hammer-shaped, inner face with 10 pappose setae, disto-posterior and disto-anterior borders without setose scales. Gnathopod 2 propodus rectangular, elongated, palm shorter than posterior margin, slope oblique, anterior corner with a wide truncated or rounded process. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with four clusters of short setae; propodus posterior margin with two to four groups of setae. Uropod 3 peduncle with seven strong distal setae; outer ramus longer than peduncle, proximally twice as wide or less than distally. Telson longer than wide, apically pointed, with two widely spaced, long simple setae, asymmetrically distributed on the apical margin. Sternal gills on peraeonites 2–7.</p> <p>Female. Gnathopod 1 similar in size, but different in shape to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus less than twice as long as maximum width, normally subchelate, palm transverse.</p> <p>Description of male. Size 8.2 mm. Body surface smooth (figure 12). Epimeral plates 1–3 acuminate (figure 13 E). Coxae 1–4 subequal in size and shape, slightly overlapping, acumination in coxae absent. Coxa 1 subequal to coxae 2 and 3. Coxa 3 narrower than coxa 4. Coxa 4 deeper than wide, excavated posteriorly. Coxa 5 posterior lobe deeper than anterior lobe. Coxa 6 anterior lobe small.</p> <p>Head smaller than first two thoracic segments, typically gammaridean, rostrum absent. Eyes pigmented, small, round, located between insertion of antennae 1 and 2.</p> <p>Antenna 1 less than half of body length, shorter than antenna 2, longer than peduncle of antenna 2; peduncle same length as head, articles 1 and 2 subequal in length, article 3 the shortest; flagellum of 13 articles, longer than peduncle, basal article not elongated; aesthetascs on flagellum distally beginning at article 5 (figure 14 A1).</p> <p>Antenna 2 more than half of body length; peduncle slender, longer than head, article 4 shorter than article 5, setal groups on article 4 scarce, setal groups on article 5 abundant; flagellum with 18 articles, longer than articles 1–5 together, basal article slightly elongated (figure 14 A2).</p> <p>Basic amphipodan mandible (in the sense of Watling, 1993); incisor toothed; left lacinia mobilis with four teeth; setae row on left mandible with three main setae plus accessory setae, right mandible with two main setae plus accessory setae; molar medium-sized, cylindrical, triturative, accessory seta present. Labrum ventral margin slightly rounded to truncate. Lower lip outer lobes rounded without notches or excavations, mandibular projection of outer lobes round (figure 13 Ml, U, L).</p> <p>Maxilla 1 palp uniarticulate, short, reaching less than half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate, distal setae absent; inner plate slender, smaller than outer plate, with two strong and pappose apical setae; outer plate with nine stout and serrate setae (figure 13 X1r, X1l). Maxilla 2 inner plate subequal in length and more slender than outer plate, one strong pappose seta on inner margin, outer and inner plates with abundant setules (figure 13 X2r).</p> <p>Maxilliped inner plates apically truncated, with three connate setae, pappose setae apically and medially; outer plates larger than inner plates, apically truncated, apical, medial and facial setae simple; palp longer than outer plate, four articles; article 2 longer than wide, medial margin with long simple setae; article 3 outer distal face with few long simple setae, inner distal face with long plumose setae, inner distal margin with long setae, outer margin with one or two strong and long plumose setae; dactylus unguiform, shorter than third article, distal setae simple and shorter than nail, inner border with setae, distal nail present (figure 13 S).</p> <p>Gnathopod 1 subchelate; carpus longer than wide, longer and wider than propodus, with strong and wide posterior lobe, produced and forming a scoop-like structure, open to the inside, inner face with four to seven pappose setae, border pectinate and with several pappose setae; propodus length twice or more maximum width (rectangular), hammer-shaped, with no setae on anterior border, inner face with 10 pappose setae, one to five small triangular setae, posterior and anterior distal borders without setose scales, palm with transverse slope, margin convex, posterior distal corner with robust setae; dactylus claw-like, with one to three endal setae, congruent with palm (figure 15 G1).</p> <p>Gnathopod 2 subchelate; basis posterior margin with one to three groups of setae; merus with less than seven setae on posterior margin, posterior distal margin straight, distal corner pointed; carpus posterior lobe elongated, produced between merus and propodus, border pectinate with several pappose setae; propodus rectangular, elongated, posterior and anterior distal borders without setose scales, palm shorter than posterior margin, slope oblique, margin irregular, bearing several strong short setae, few long setae, and several medium-sized setae; anterior edge with a wide truncated or rounded process, posterior distal corner with strong setae, and with cup for dactyl; dactylus claw-like, congruent with palm, with a few endal setae (figure 15 G2).</p> <p>Peraeopods 3–7 simple. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with four marginal clusters of short setae; propodus posterior margin with two to four groups of setae; dactylus less than half of propodus length. Peraeopods 5–7 all similar in structure and slightly longer successively; dactylus less than half of propodus length. Peraeopod 5 subequal to peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than long, smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7, merus with two posterior marginal setae, proximal and distal setae subequal. Peraeopod 6 as long as peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than long, similar to posterior lobe of peraeopod 5, and smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7. Peraeopod 7 subequal to peraeopod 6, basis posterior lobe longer than deep (figure 16 P3, P4, P5, P6, P7).</p> <p>Pleopods not modified; peduncle slender; longest ramus longer than peduncle.</p> <p>Uropod 1 longer than uropod 2; peduncle longer than rami; rami subequal; inner ramus with three dorsal and six distal setae, two of which being longer, male without curved setae on inner side of the ramus; outer ramus with four dorsal and four distal setae; peduncle setation present (figure 14 R 1).</p> <p>Uropod 2 rami subequal; inner ramus with three dorsal and five distal setae; outer ramus with three dorsal and four distal setae; peduncle setation present (figure 14 R 2).</p> <p>Uropod 3 longer than urosomite 3, shorter than peduncle of uropod 1, as long as peduncle of uropod 2; peduncle slender (rectangular), wider than ramus, with seven strong distal and one marginal seta; inner ramus absent; outer ramus uniarticulate, longer than peduncle, proximally twice as wide or less than distally, with five simple, apical slender setae, and one connate seta (figure 15 R 3).</p> <p>Telson longer than wide, entire, apically pointed, with two widely spaced, long simple setae, asymmetrically distributed on apical margin (figure 15 T).</p> <p>Coxal gills sac-like, on peraeopods 2–6. Sternal gills tubular, on peraeonites 2–7.</p> <p>Characters of female that differ from male. Size 6.6 mm. Antenna 1 flagellum with eight articles. Antenna 2 similar in shape to male, flagellum with 15 or more articles. Gnathopod 1 similar in size, but different in shape to gnathopod 2; similar to male gnathopod 1 in size and shape. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus length less than twice maximum width, normally subchelate, palm transverse (figure 14 fG1, fG2).</p> <p>Habitat. Freshwater, epigean, littoral.</p> <p>Distribution. Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais State; Gruta Mirasol, Mirasol, Sao Paulo State (20 ° 00 ∞ S, 49 ° 00 ∞ W).</p> <p>Remarks. Hyalella warmingi was considered to be morphologically very similar to H. meinerti (Pereira, 1983). The original descriptions are not very detailed and could lead to some confusion. After examining the type material, several differences became evident. The eyes in H. warmingi are smaller than in H. meinerti; the gnathopods do not have the heavily setose scales on the articular margins from ischium to propodus; the shape of the propodus in gnathopod 2 in male and female also differs; and the apical setae on the telson are much stronger in H. meinerti. Here we designate, from the syntype series, the figured material as the lectotype (male, 8.2 mm) for this species. The material is deposited in the Zoologisk Museum in Copenhagen, Denmark. The lectotype consists of a vial with the body and 11 permanent slides with the appendages. The rest of the syntype series now become part of the paralectotype series.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/400987A0FF87741EFDF9FB90FD64FCDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	González, Exequiel R.;Watling, Les	González, Exequiel R., Watling, Les (2003): A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. Journal of Natural History 37 (17): 2045-2076, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210133237, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930210133237
400987A0FF807417FDD8FC6EFD00F9FF.text	400987A0FF807417FDD8FC6EFD00F9FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalella pseudoazteca González & Watling 2003	<div><p>Hyalella pseudoazteca n. sp.</p> <p>(figures 17–22)</p> <p>Hyalella azteca: Pereira, 1983: 21–30, figures 1–3, not synonymy, not H. azteca (Saussure).</p> <p>Type material. Holotype, male 6.3 mm (+ slides mount), Museu Nacional /UFRJ, Brazil, MNRJ 7611. Paratypes, one male and one female (+ slide mount), Museu Nacional /UFRJ, Brazil, MNRJ 15585.</p> <p>Type locality. Reserva Ecologica de Taim, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil (32 ° 27 ∞ S, 52 ° 38 ∞ W).</p> <p>Material examined. Reserva Ecologica de Taim, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Body with dorsal flanges on peraeonite 7 and pleonites 1 and 2. Coxa 4 excavated posteriorly. Eyes pigmented. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2. Antenna 2 half the body length. Mandible incisor toothed. Maxilla 1 palp minute, reaching less than half of the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate; inner plate slender, with two strong and pappose apical setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with one strong pappose seta on inner margin. Gnathopod 1 propodus length less than twice maximum width (quadrangular), hammer-shaped, inner face with one to three pappose setae, setose scales on disto-posterior and disto-anterior border. Gnathopod 2 propodus ovate, palm shorter than posterior margin, slope oblique, anterior edge with a small process. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with three hind marginal clusters of short setae; propodus posterior margin with five to eight groups of setae. Uropod 3 peduncle with two strong distal setae; outer ramus same length as peduncle, basal width twice or less tip of ramus. Telson as wide as long, apically pointed, with two closely spaced, long simple setae, symmetrically distributed, no additional apical setae present. Sternal gills on peraeonites 3–7.</p> <p>Female. Gnathopod 1 smaller, and different shape to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus length two to three times maximum width, normally subchelate, palm slightly reverse oblique.</p> <p>Description of male. Size 6.3 mm. Body with dorsal flanges on peraeonite 7 and pleonites 1 and 2 (figure 17; figure 18 E). Epimeral plates 1–3 acuminate (figure 18 E). Coxae 1–4 subequal in size and shape, slightly overlapping. Acumination in coxae absent. Coxa 1 same as coxae 2 and 3. Coxa 3 narrower than 4. Coxa 4 deeper than wide, excavated posteriorly. Coxa 5 posterior lobe deeper than anterior lobe. Coxa 6 anterior lobe small.</p> <p>Head smaller than first two thoracic segments, typically gammaridean, rostrum absent. Eyes pigmented, large, oval, located behind insertion of antenna 1.</p> <p>Antenna 1 less than half of body length, shorter than antenna 2, longer than peduncle of antenna 2; peduncle longer than head, article 1 longer than article 2, article 3 shorter than article 1, and as long as article 2; flagellum with 10 articles, longer than peduncle, basal article not elongated; aesthetascs on flagellum, from article 5 distally (figure 19 A1).</p> <p>Antenna 2 half of body length; peduncle slender, longer than head, article 4 shorter than article 5, setal groups on articles 4 and 5 scarce; flagellum with eight to nine articles, longer than article 5, basal article slightly elongated (figure 19 A2).</p> <p>Basic amphipodan mandible (in the sense of Watling, 1993); incisor toothed; left lacinia mobilis with five teeth; setae row on left mandible with three main setae plus accessory setae; right mandible with two main setae plus accessory setae; molar large, cylindrical, triturative, accessory seta present. Labrum ventral margin slightly rounded to truncate. Lower lip outer lobes rounded without notches or excavations, mandibular projection of outer lobes round (figure 20 Ml, L, U).</p> <p>Maxilla 1 palp uniarticulate, minute, less than half as long as the distance between base of palp and tip of setae on outer plate, distal setae absent; inner plate slender, smaller than outer plate, with two strong and pappose apical setae; outer plate with nine stout and serrate setae (figure 20 X1r). Maxilla 2 inner plate shorter, and subequal in width to outer plate, one strong pappose seta on inner margin, outer and inner plates with scarce setules (figure 20 X2r).</p> <p>Maxilliped inner plates apically truncated, with one or two connate setae, pappose setae apically and medially; outer plates larger than inner plates, apically rounded, apical, medial and facial setae simple; palp longer than outer plate, with four articles; article 2 as wide as long, medial margin with long simple setae; article 3 outer distal face with few long simple setae, inner distal face with long plumose setae, inner distal margin with long setae, outer margin with one or two strong and long plumose setae; dactylus unguiform, subequal in length to third article, distal setae simple and shorter than nail, inner border with setae, distal nail present (figure 18 S).</p> <p>Gnathopod 1 subchelate; carpus longer than wide, longer and wider than propodus, with weak posterior lobe, produced and forming a scoop-like structure, open to the medial side, inner face with one to three pappose setae, border pectinate and with several pappose setae; propodus length less than twice maximum width (quadrangular), hammer-shaped, with no setae on anterior border, inner face with one to three pappose setae, small triangular setae absent, setose scales on distoposterior and disto-anterior border, palm slope transverse, margin straight, posterior distal corner with robust setae; dactylus claw-like, with one to three endal setae, congruent with palm (figure 20 G1).</p> <p>Gnathopod 2 subchelate; basis hind margin with one to three groups of setae; merus with fewer than seven setae on posterior margin, postero-distal margin concave, distal corner subacuminate; carpus posterior lobe elongated, produced between merus and propodus, border pectinate with several pappose setae; propodus ovate, disto-posterior and disto-anterior borders without setose scales, palm shorter than posterior margin, slope oblique, margin irregular, with few strong short setae, few long setae, and several medium-sized setae, anterior edge of palm with a small process, posterior distal corner with strong setae, and with cup for dactyl; dactylus claw-like, congruent with palm, with a few endal setae (figure 18 G2).</p> <p>Peraeopods 3–7 simple. Peraeopods 3 and 4 merus and carpus posterior margin with three hind marginal clusters of short setae; propodus posterior margin with five to eight groups of setae; dactylus half length of propodus. Peraeopods 5–7 all similar in structure and slightly longer successively; dactylus less than half length of propodus. Peraeopod 5 subequal to peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than wide, smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7, merus with two posterior marginal setae, proximal setae smaller than more distal. Peraeopod 6 same length as peraeopod 4, basis posterior lobe deeper than wide, similar to posterior lobe of peraeopod 5, and smaller than posterior lobe of peraeopod 7. Peraeopod 7 subequal to peraeopod 6, basis posterior lobe wider than deep (figure 21 P3, P4, P5; figure 19 P6, P7).</p> <p>Pleopods not modified; peduncle slender; longest ramus longer than peduncle.</p> <p>Uropod 1 longer than uropod 2; peduncle longer than rami; rami subequal; inner ramus with one dorsal seta, and five distal setae, only one seta longer, male without curved setae on inner side of the ramus; outer ramus with three dorsal and four distal setae; peduncle setae present (figure 21 R 1).</p> <p>Uropod 2 rami subequal; inner ramus with two dorsal and five distal setae; outer ramus with two dorsal and four distal setae; peduncle setae present (figure 18 R 2).</p> <p>Uropod 3 longer than urosomite 3, longer than peduncle of uropod 1, shorter than peduncle of uropod 2; peduncle quadrate, same width as ramus, with two strong distal and no marginal setae; inner ramus absent; outer ramus uniarticulate, as long as peduncle, proximally twice as wide or less than distally, with four simple apical slender setae, and one connate seta (figure 18 R 3).</p> <p>Telson as wide as long, entire, apically pointed, with two closely spaced, long simple setae, symmetrically distributed on the apical margin, no additional apical setae present (figure 20 T).</p> <p>Coxal gills sac-like, on peraeopods 2–6. Sternal gills tubular, on peraeonites 3–7.</p> <p>Characters of female that differ from male. Size 4.6 mm. Antenna 1 flagellum with seven articles. Antenna 2 similar in shape to male, flagellum with nine articles. Gnathopod 1 smaller, and different shape to gnathopod 2; similar to male gnathopod 1 in size and shape. Gnathopod 2 different from male gnathopod 2 in shape and smaller, propodus length two to three times maximum width, normally subchelate, palm slightly reverse oblique (figure 22 fG1, fG2).</p> <p>Habitat. Freshwater, epigean, littoral.</p> <p>Remarks. This new species was determined as H. azteca by Pereira (1983), mainly for the supposed presence of dorsal carinae on peraeonite 7 and pleonites 1 and 2. The lack of an accurate description of H. azteca at the time of Pereira’s (1983) work made her mistakenly consider the flanges of the Brazilian species as the carinae of H. azteca. After examining part of the material that Pereira (1983) had on hand, and comparing it with the redescription of H. azteca (Gonzalez and Watling, 2002), it was clear that the Brazilian material corresponds to a new species. Hyalella pseudoazteca differs from H. azteca in the shape of the propodus of gnathopod 2 in male and female, having two pappose setae on the palp of maxilla 1, one big seta on inner margin of inner plate of maxilla 2, and a large eye. H. azteca and its allied species have three setae on inner plate of maxilla 1 and two setae on the inner border of inner plate in maxilla 2.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/400987A0FF807417FDD8FC6EFD00F9FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	González, Exequiel R.;Watling, Les	González, Exequiel R., Watling, Les (2003): A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. Journal of Natural History 37 (17): 2045-2076, DOI: 10.1080/00222930210133237, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930210133237
