identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F647EBFB1331588AB4AF3C13533B53D4.text	F647EBFB1331588AB4AF3C13533B53D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Opisthotropis haihaensis Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Wang, Wang, Stuart & Le 2019	<div><p>Opisthotropis haihaensis Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Wang, Wang, Stuart &amp; Le, 2019 Figures 3, 5A</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Opisthotropis maculosa Stuart &amp; Chuaynkern, 2007: Yang et al. (2011) (part); Nguyen et al. (2018).</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>IEBR A.2016.34 [Field No. QN 2016.91], adult female, from the forest near Tai Chi Village, Quang Son Commune, Hai Ha District, Quang Ninh Province, 950 m asl., Vietnam [exact locality and coordinates not provided owing to threat from collection for the pet trade (Ziegler et al. 2019)], collected by Cuong The Pham and Tan Van Nguyen on 9 May 2016.</p><p>Specimens examined (N = 1).</p><p>SYS a000537, adult female, collected by Qing Du and Jian-Huan Yang on 10 July 2009 from Shiwandashan Nature Reserve [exact coordinates not provided owing to threat from collection for the pet trade], Shangsi County, Qinzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 493 m a.s.l., P.R. China.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>According to the original description, the specific name " haihaensis " refers to the type locality of this species, Haiha District (Quang Ninh Province) in Vietnam. As this species is currently reported in China, we suggest its Chinese name "Hai He Hou Leng She ( 海河后棱蛇)”, derived from its scientific name.</p><p>Variation.</p><p>Measurements, scalation and body proportions of the two specimens are listed in Table 3. The specimen from China conforms to the holotype from Vietnam except for: (1) a shorter body size: snout-vent length 391.3 mm, tail length 108.9 mm (vs. SVL 396 mm, Tal 113 mm in the holotype); (2) a higher number of postoculars: PtO 2 (vs. PtO 1 in the holotype); (3) a lower number of maxillary teeth: MT 22 (vs. MT 24 in the holotype); (4) a lower number of ventrals: V 164+2 (vs. V 169+2 in the holotype); (5) a lower number of subcaudals: SC 75 (vs. SC 79 in the holotype); and (6) tail scales indistinctly keeled (vs. tail scales smooth in the holotype).</p><p>Revision of original diagnosis.</p><p>Opisthotropis haihaensis is characterized by the combination of the following characters: (1) TL 500.2-509 mm in adult females, (2) tail relatively long, TaL/TL 0.22, (3) internasal not in contact with loreal, prefrontal not touching supraocular, frontal touching preocular, (4) one preocular, one or two postocular(s), (5) temporals 1+1, (6) supralabials eight, fourth and fifth in contact with eye, (6) 22-24 maxillary teeth, (7) anterior pair of chin shields longer than posterior pair; (8) ventrals 164-169 (+ 2 preventrals), (9) subcaudals 75-79, (9) nasal cleft pointing to the first supralabial, (10) body scales in 15-15-15 rows, (11) body scales smooth, tail scales smooth or indistinctly keeled, (12) chin shields yellow with brownish black mottling, and (13) body and tail dorsum dark, each with a light yellow spot per scale.</p><p>Coloration in life (SYS r000537).</p><p>Eye black; scales on dorsal surface of head glossy black with scattered yellow flecking; chin shields yellow with brownish black mottling; body and tail glossy black with iridescence above, with single yellow spot on each scale, yellow spots becoming larger on sides of body; ventrals yellow with brownish black lateral margins and scattered brown flecks; subcaudals yellow with brownish black anterior and lateral margins in both specimens.</p><p>Coloration in preservation (SYS r000537).</p><p>Ground color of upper head and body surface dark brown, that of venter yellowish-beige. Dorsal scales each with light blotch in the center. Dorsal tail scales likewise with light central blotches. Dorsal head surface in part with indistinct light mottling. Anterior supralabials with large light mottling. Infralabials, chin shields and smaller throat scales anterior to ventrals yellowish-beige with dark brown mottling per scale. Belly with few, scattered dark flecks on sides. Outermost edges of light ventrals brown. Ground color of subcaudals brown with transversally enlarged light blotches at each scale end.</p><p>Distribution and habits.</p><p>Opisthotropis haihaensis is currently known from its type locality, the forest near Tai Chi Village (ca 950 m a.s.l.), Quang Ninh, northern Vietnam, and Shiwandashan Nature Reserve (ca 500 m a.s.l.), southwestern Guangxi, southern China. The straight-line distance between the two localities is approximately 150 kilometers, indicating that the distribution area of this species is the mountain region on the border between China and Vietnam.</p><p>The holotype was found at night in a small rocky stream at 21:30h. The surrounding habitat was secondary evergreen forest consisting of small hardwoods, bamboo, and shrubs. The air temperature was 24-29 °C and the relative humidity was 65-88%. The holotype revealed to be an adult female, as dissection showed up to 16.5 mm long eggs and the oviducts were folded, indicating that eggs had already been laid (Ziegler et al. 2019). Besides, the other specimen, SYS r000537, was collected from a rocky stream (about 8 m wide and 0.3 m deep at the collecting site) running through well-preserved, dense deciduous forests. The collected individual was spotted swimming at night and swiftly hiding under stones when disturbed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F647EBFB1331588AB4AF3C13533B53D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Wang, Jian;Lyu, Zhi-Tong;Zeng, Zhao-Chi;Lin, Chao-Yu;Yang, Jian-Huan;Nguyen, Truong Quang;Le, Minh D.;Ziegler, Thomas;Wang, Ying-Yong	Wang, Jian, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lin, Chao-Yu, Yang, Jian-Huan, Nguyen, Truong Quang, Le, Minh D., Ziegler, Thomas, Wang, Ying-Yong (2020): Re-examination of the Chinese record of Opisthotropis maculosa (Squamata, Natricidae), resulting in the first national record of O. haihaensis and description of a new species. ZooKeys 913: 141-159, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.48622, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.48622
5476E9250F415D7291AB8EC4480C8DB9.text	5476E9250F415D7291AB8EC4480C8DB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Opisthotropis hungtai Wang & Lyu & Zeng & Lin & Yang & Nguyen & Le & Ziegler & Wang 2020	<div><p>Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. Figures 4, 5B, 6</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Opisthotropis maculosa Stuart &amp; Chuaynkern, 2007: Yang et al. (2011) (part); Wang et al. (2017a), Ren et al. (2019).</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>SYS r000946, adult male, collected by Jian Zhao on 2 September 2014 from Heishiding Nature Reserve [exact coordinates not provided owing to threat from collection for the pet trade, same as paratypes], Fengkai County, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, 300 m a.s.l., P.R. China.</p><p>Paratypes (N = 7).</p><p>Adult female SYS r001350 collected by Zhi-Tong Lyu on 15 August 2015, adult female SYS r000720 collected by Ying-Yong Wang on 28 June 2012, and adult female SYS r001525 collected by Zhi-Tong Lyu and Ying-Yong Wang on 1 July 2016, from the same locality as the holotype. Adult male KFBG 2002.01 collected by Zhi Xiao on 2 July 2002, adult male SYS r002017 collected by Jian Wang on 14 June 2018, and adult male SYS a001515 collected by Jian Wang on 8 July 2017, all from Dawuling Forestry Station, Xinyi City, Maoming City, Guangdong Province, ca 1150 m a.s.l., P.R. China. Adult male SYS a000538, collected by Qing Du and Runlin Li on 14 July 2009 from Mt. Wuhuang, Pubei County, Qinzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, ca 360 m a.s.l., P.R. China.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species name " hungtai " refers to Professor Hung-Ta Chang (=Hong-Da Zhang, 张宏达), an outstanding botanist, who established the Tropical and Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Experimental Center in Heishiding Nature Reserve, promoting the development of ecological research in southern China. We suggest the English common name Hung-Ta Chang’s mountain Keelback and the Chinese name Zhang Shi Hou Leng She (张氏后棱蛇).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. is characterized by the following combination of characters: (1) TL 464.3-501.2 mm in adult males, 393.2-511 mm in females, (2) tail moderate, TaL/TL 0.20-0.26 in males, 0.19-0.22 in females, (3) internasal not in contact with loreal, prefrontal not touching supraocular, frontal touching preocular, (4) one preocular, one or two postocular(s), (5) temporals 1+1, (6) supralabials seven, the fourth and fifth in contact with eye; (6) maxillary teeth 16-18, (7) anterior pair of chin shields longer than or equal to posterior pair; (8) ventrals 170-189 (+ 2 preventrals) in males, 168-175 (+ 2 preventrals) in females, (9) subcaudals 76-98 in males, 69-84 in females, (9) nasal cleft pointing to the second supralabial, (10) body scale in 15-15-15 rows, (11) body scales smooth, tail scales smooth or indistinctly keeled, (12) chin shields yellow with brownish black mottling, and (13) body and tail dorsum dark, each with a light spot per scale.</p><p>Comparisons.</p><p>Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. is compared with O. maculosa and O. haihaensis, which share a very similar appearance. Measurements, scalation and body proportions of O. haihaensis and Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. are listed in Table 3.</p><p>Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. differs from O. maculosa by prefrontal not touching supraocular (vs. prefrontal touching supraocular in O. maculosa), by frontal touching preocular (vs. frontal not touching preocular in O. maculosa), by fourth and fifth supralabials in contact with eye (vs. fourth supralabial in contact with eye in O. maculosa), by anterior pair of chin shields longer than or equal to posterior pair (vs. anterior pair of chin shields shorter than posterior pair in O. maculosa), by a higher number of subcaudals, 76-98 in males (vs. 67 in the single male holotype of O. maculosa), and by chin shields yellow with brownish black mottling (vs. immaculate in O. maculosa).</p><p>Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. differs from O. haihaensis by having seven supralabials, the second last one significantly enlarged, narrow and long, significantly wider than high (vs. eight supralabials, the second last one slightly enlarged, slightly wider than high in O. haihaensis) (Fig. 5), and MT 16-18 (vs. MT 22-24 in O. haihaensis).</p><p>Description of holotype.</p><p>Body cylindrical, slender, round to oval in cross section; TL 501.2 mm (SVL 401.6 mm, TaL 99.6 mm); tail thin and pointed, TaL 20% of TL; head small, indistinct from neck; right upper maxilla with 16 subequal teeth or sockets, teeth small, curved, without diastema; rostral nearly flattened, small, slightly less than twice as broad as deep, barely visible from above; two internasals, crescent-shaped, in contact with each other medially behind the rostral, not in contact with loreal, posteriorly in contact with prefrontal; a single prefrontal, in contact with loreal and preocular laterally, with frontal posteriorly, not in contact with supraocular; a single frontal, hexagonal, in contact with supraocular laterally, with two parietals posteriorly; parietals large, in contact with each other medially; nasal directed dorsally, polygonal, in contact with first and second supralabials ventrally, with loreal and prefrontal posteriorly, with internasal dorsally, with rostral anteriorly; nostril horizontally oval, in the upper part of nasal; a short vertical cleft below the nostril and dividing nasal into anterior and posterior parts, pointing to middle of upper edge of second supralabial; a single loreal, trapezoid, not entering the orbit, in contact with second and third supralabials laterally; a single supraocular, much longer than wide, obliquely set; a single preocular, higher than wide, in contact with frontal; a single postocular; a single anterior temporal, significantly elongate, in broad contact with the elongated sixth supralabial; a single posterior temporal, pentagonal; supralabials 7/7, the sixth one significantly elongate, the last one much shorter than the adjacent preceding supralabial; fourth and fifth supralabials entering orbit; infralabials 7/7, the first one in contact with its fellow behind the mental; two pairs of chin shields; anterior chin shields larger, in contact with each other medially, and in contact with the first four infralabials on both sides; posterior chin shields smaller, in contact with each other; dorsal scales in 15-15-15 rows; dorsal scales of body smooth throughout; dorsal scales of tail weakly keeled; ventrals 170; cloacal plate divided; subcaudals 76, paired.</p><p>Coloration of holotype in life.</p><p>Eye black; scales on dorsal surface of head glossy dark brown with scattered yellow flecking; chin shields yellow with brownish black mottling at each margin; body and tail glossy dark brown with single yellow spot on each scale, yellow spots becoming larger on sides of body; ventrals yellow with brownish black lateral margins and few scattered brown flecks; subcaudals yellow with brownish black anterior and lateral margins.</p><p>Coloration of holotype in preservative.</p><p>Ground color of upper head and body surface dark brown (Fig. 4B), that of venter yellowish-beige. Dorsal scales each with light yellow blotch in the center. Dorsal blotches almost equal in size. Blotches becoming wider towards body sides; largest at outermost dorsal scale row, where the light blotches stretch towards the posterior scale end. Dorsal tail scales likewise with light central blotches. Dorsal head surface in part with indistinct light mottling that becomes more obvious on temporals. All supralabials with a light blotch. Infralabials, chin shields and smaller throat scales anterior to ventrals light yellow with brown mottling/blotches per scale. Belly with few, scattered dark flecks. Outermost edges of light ventrals brown. Ground color of subcaudals light yellow with black anterior and lateral margins.</p><p>Variations.</p><p>Measurements, body proportions and scale counts are listed in Table 3. All paratype specimens are very similar to the holotype in appearance (Fig. 6) except: more maxillary teeth, ventrals and subcaudals, and relatively longer tail length in specimens KFBG 2002.01, SYS r001515, 2017 from Dawuling Forestry Station and SYS r000538 from Mt. Wuhuang; in the three female specimens from the same locality (Heishiding Nature Reserve) as the holotype, there are 17 maxillary teeth (vs. 16 maxillary teeth) and fewer subcaudals, 56 (broken tail) in SYS r000720, 69 in SYS r001350, 70 in SYS r001525 (vs. 76 in the male holotype).</p><p>Distribution and habits.</p><p>Opisthotropis hungtai sp. nov. is currently known from Heishiding Nature Reserve (ca 300 m a.s.l.) and Dawuling Forestry Station (ca 900 m a.s.l.) in western Guangdong, and Mt. Wuhuang (ca 500 m a.s.l.) in southeastern Guangxi.</p><p>The specimen from Mt. Wuhuang was collected in a rocky stream. Besides, specimens from Heishiding Nature Reserve were found in pelitic gutterways along the dirt path, and specimens from Dawuling Forestry Station were collected in a pelitic stream. The collection sites were all surrounded by well-preserved, dense deciduous forest.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5476E9250F415D7291AB8EC4480C8DB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Wang, Jian;Lyu, Zhi-Tong;Zeng, Zhao-Chi;Lin, Chao-Yu;Yang, Jian-Huan;Nguyen, Truong Quang;Le, Minh D.;Ziegler, Thomas;Wang, Ying-Yong	Wang, Jian, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lin, Chao-Yu, Yang, Jian-Huan, Nguyen, Truong Quang, Le, Minh D., Ziegler, Thomas, Wang, Ying-Yong (2020): Re-examination of the Chinese record of Opisthotropis maculosa (Squamata, Natricidae), resulting in the first national record of O. haihaensis and description of a new species. ZooKeys 913: 141-159, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.48622, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.48622
