identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
68FCCE8B11D95BC096A31D19D82D57DD.text	68FCCE8B11D95BC096A31D19D82D57DD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Schaefferia greensladeae Mehrafrooz Mayvan & Kovac 2025	<div><p>Schaefferia greensladeae Mehrafrooz Mayvan &amp; Kováč sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3, 4, 5, 6, Table 1</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Eyes absent, PAO large with 7 subequal lobes formed around central circle. Ant IV with 7–8 sensilla and simple apical vesicle. Claw enlarged, with an internal tooth and pair of lateral teeth. Retinaculum with 3–4 teeth, furca well-developed, with 5 dental setae.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Iran, Mazandaran province, Salman Shahr County, Abbasabad city, Danial village, Danial Cave, Coordinates: 36 ° 39 ' 35.2 " N, 51 ° 10 ' 53.2 " E, cave entrance 204 m a. s. l.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: • Female on slide [DaSc 101 IR], dark zone, collected from surface of water puddle, 15. x. 2023, temperature = 11.9 ° C, RH 73.0 %, leg. M. Mehrafrooz. Paratypes: • 2 specimens on slides [DaSc 102 IR and DaSc 103 IR], dark zone, collected from surface of water puddle, 15. x. 2023, temperature = 12.0 ° C, RH 73.4 %, leg. M. Mehrafrooz. Holotype deposited in CoPJSU; two paratypes deposited in ZMFUM .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body appearance. Length 1.9 mm on average (n = 3, max. length 2 mm). Habitus typical of Ceratophysella Börner in Brohmer, 1932 without eyes. Colour alive white without traces of pigment. Cuticular granulation rather uniform, slightly coarser on Abd V – VI, macro- and mesosetae differentiated.</p><p>Antenna. It is nearly as long as head, with apical bulb (Fig. 3 A – D). Length of Ant I, II, III, IV in holotype as 0.07, 0.06, 0.07, 0.1 mm, respectively. Ant I with 7 setae; Ant II with 6 dorsal and 6 ventral setae in a single row and 1 short smooth seta near its base (dorsal setae clearly coarser and thicker); Ant III and IV clearly separated, Ant III sensory organ with 2 central short and curved rods flanked by 2 long guard sensilla (Fig. 3 B), a small ventrolateral microsensillum in a ventral pit, and 7 dorsal and 8 ventral ordinary setae; Ant IV with a simple apical bulb (Fig. 3 C), 7–8 cylindrical blunt sensilla (a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h) (after Yosii 1962), subapical ms near base of sensillum a, apical organite os placed near sensillum b and 20 setae around sensilla.</p><p>Head. Eyes absent. PAO near base of Ant I well developed, large, about 33 µm in diameter, with 7 subequal lobes formed around central circle (Fig. 3 F). Labrum typical of the genus with 2 + 2 prelabral and 5, 5, 4 labral setae. Labium with all normal papillae (A – E) and 6 proximal setae. Left mandible with 4 teeth and right mandible with 5 teeth.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventral tube with 4 + 4 apical setae. Retinaculum with 3–4 teeth (asymmetry observed). Furca well-developed (Fig. 5 B), length of manubrium, dens, mucro in holotype as 0.11, 0.06, 0.01 mm, respectively; manubrium with 12 setae; dens with 5 setae (basal seta longer); mucro about 1 / 4 of dens length, with lateral lamella, mucro and dens taken together are as long as inner edge of claw III. Anal spines long (86 µm), on papillae (Fig. 6 C). Ratio anal spines (including papilla): claw III = 1.6; ratio anal spines: dens = 1.9.</p><p>Legs. Legs I – III with normal setae, tenent hair acuminate. Setal pattern as in Fig. 4 A – C. Leg I – III with 3, 8, 8 setae on coxae, 7, 7, 7 setae on trochanters, 14, 13, 12 setae on femora and 19, 19, 18 setae on tibiotarsi, respectively. Claw slender, 78 μm long in holotype, internal edge with strong medial tooth and lateral edge with pair of basal teeth; pretarsus with 1 lobe and 2 setae (1 external and 1 internal) reaching base of lateral teeth (Fig. 4 D – F). Ratio of claw I length: width = 3.2.</p><p>Setal pattern of tergites.</p><p>Dorsal setal pattern generally of type II with well-differentiated setae. Setae on head and body slightly dentated (Fig. 3 G). Head. Setal pattern as in Fig. 3 E. Seta a 0 present; d 1 – d 5 (d 2 and d 4 as Mc); sd 1 – sd 5; v 1 – v 2 (v 2 as Mc); c 1 – c 5; p 1 – p 3, p 5 (p 3 and p 5 as Mc, p 4 absent); oc 1 – oc 3 (oc 1 as Mc). Thorax. Setal pattern as in Fig. 5 A. Th I with 3 + 3 setae as m 1, m 3 and m 4. Th II – III with a 1 – a 6 (a 3 as Mc); m 1, m 4 ’ – m 6 (m 6 as s), lateral microsensillum present on Th II in front of m 6 (s); p 1 – p 4 (p 4 as s), p 5 – p 6 (p 2, p 5 and p 6 as Mc). Abdomen. Setal pattern as in Fig. 6 A, B. Abd I – III with 6 + 6 setae between p 5 (s) in rows ‘ a ’ and ‘ m ’: a 1, a 2, a 4, m 2, m 3 and m 4 (p 2, p 4, p 6 and p 7 as Mc). Abd IV with 7 + 7 setae between p 5 (s) in rows ‘ a ’ and ‘ m’: a 1, a 2, a 4, a 5, m 1, m 3 and m 5 (a 4, a 5, p 2, p 4 and p 6 as Mc). Abd V with 2 + 2 setae between p 3 (s) on row ‘ a ’: a 1 and a 3 (a 5, p 1 and p 5 as Mc).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species is named in the honour of prof. Dr. Penelope Greenslade, an outstanding Collembola taxonomist and ecologist.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks.</p><p>Based on absence of eyes, S. greensladeae sp. nov. is similar to five representatives of the genus: S. coeca Cassagnau, 1959, S. guerrerense (Bonet, 1945), S. oaxacana Palacios-Vargas &amp; Thibaud, 1985, S. profundissima Jordana &amp; Baquero, 2012 and S. subcoeca Deharveng &amp; Thibaud, 1980 . The new species is characterized by 7 lobes in PAO, while there are 4 (6) lobes in PAO in S. coeca and S. subcoeca, 4–5 lobes in S. oaxacana and 4 lobes in S. guerrerense and S. profundissima . Moreover, the new species is separated from S. coeca in number of sensilla on Ant IV: 8–12 in S. coeca and 7–8 in S. greensladeae . The both species differ also in number of dental setae: 3–5 setae in S. coeca and 5 setae in S. greensladeae . Mucro is absent in S. guerrerense and S. subcoeca, but it is present in the new species. Schaefferia greensladeae sp. nov. has 5 dental setae, while S. oaxacana has 4 dental setae. Also, S. greensladeae sp. nov. in terms of the setal pattern of the dorsal body is close to S. oaxacana and S. profundissima (see Table 1). Schaefferia greensladeae sp. nov. differs from S. profundissima by the presence of seta a 1 on Abd IV, and from S. oaxacana in having seta m 4 on Abd IV, whereas S. oaxacana has m 3. The new species also represents the first record of this genus in the country (Mehrafrooz Mayvan et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/68FCCE8B11D95BC096A31D19D82D57DD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kováč, Ľubomír;Karaman, Marko;Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Mahmood	Kováč, Ľubomír, Karaman, Marko, Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Mahmood (2025): Convergent evolution underground - two new troglomorphic collembolan species of the genus Schaefferia Absolon, 1900 (Collembola, Poduromorpha, Hypogastruridae) from Iran and Montenegro. Subterranean Biology 54: 1-22, DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.54.157228
E1C81178695D5C6089E9EB4657F1A2F7.text	E1C81178695D5C6089E9EB4657F1A2F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Schaefferia montenegrina Kovac & Mehrafrooz Mayvan 2025	<div><p>Schaefferia montenegrina Kováč &amp; Mehrafrooz Mayvan sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 9, 10, 11, 12, Table 1</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Eyes absent, PAO small, forming a rosette of 5–6 regular oval vesicles. Ant IV with 7–8 sensilla and simple apical vesicle. Th I with 2 + 2 setae, Abd V without seta p 2. Claw without internal or lateral teeth. Retinaculum with 3–4 teeth, furca well-developed, with 5 dental setae.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Montenegro, Virpazar, Trnovo village, Babatuša Cave, Coordinates: 42 ° 17 ' 56 " N, 19 ° 01 ' 58 " E, cave entrance 357 m a. s. l.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. • Female on slide [BaSc 104 MO], dark zone, collected from surface of water, 06. vi. 2015, leg. Ľ. Kováč. Paratypes. • 1 female on slide [BaCa 105 MO], dark zone, collected from rotten wood, 23. vi. 2011, • 1 female on slide [BaCa 106 MO], dark zone, collected from surface of water, 06. vi. 2015, leg. Ľ. Kováč, and • 1 male on slide [BaCa 107 MO], dark zone, collected from water surface, sinter pool, 23. vi. 2011, leg. Ľ. Kováč. Holotype and one paratype deposited in Natural History Museum of Montenegro in Podgorica, and two paratypes deposited in CoPJSU .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body appearance. Length 1.4 mm on average (n = 4, max. length 1.5 mm). Habitus typical of Ceratophysella, body fusiform. Colour live white without traces of pigment, cuticular granulation rather uniform throughout the body, with well-differentiated setae.</p><p>Antenna. It is nearly as long as head, with apical bulb (Fig. 9 A – C). Length of Ant I, II, III, IV in holotype as 0.05, 0.04, 0.04, 0.07 mm, respectively. Ant I with 7 setae; Ant II with 7 dorsal and 6 ventral setae in a single row; Ant III and IV clearly separated, Ant III sensory organ with 2 central short and curved rods flanked by 2 guard sensilla (Fig. 9 B), small ventrolateral microsensillum in a pit, 10 dorsal and 9 ventral setae; Ant IV with a simple apical bulb, 7–8 cylindrical blunt sensilla (a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h), subapical ms near base of sensillum a, apical organite os placed between sensilla a and b, and 18 setae around sensilla.</p><p>Head. Eyes absent. PAO small but very distinct and located near base of Ant I, about 17 µm in diameter, with 5–6 equal lobes forming a rosette of 5–6 regular oval vesicles (Fig. 9 E). Labrum typical of the genus with 2 + 2 prelabral setae and 5, 5, 4 labral setae. Labium with all normal papillae (A – E) and 6 proximal setae. Left mandible with 4 teeth and right mandible with 5 teeth.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventral tube with 4 + 4 apical setae. Retinaculum with 3–4 teeth (asymmetry). Furca well-developed as in Fig. 11 B, length of manubrium, dens, mucro in holotype as 0.04, 0.04, 0.01 mm respectively; manubrium with 8 setae; dens with 5 setae; mucro about 1 / 3 of dens length, with lateral lamella, mucro + dens slightly longer than inner edge of claw III. Anal spines shorter than claws (45 μm), on papillae (Fig. 12 C). Ratio anal spines: claw III = 0.9; ratio anal spines: dens = 1.</p><p>Legs. Tibiotarsi I – III with acuminate tenent hair. Setal pattern as in Fig. 10 A – C. Leg I – III with 3, 8, 8 setae on coxae, 7, 7, 7 setae on trochanters, 15, 15, 13 setae on femora and 19, 19, 18 setae on tibiotarsi, respectively. Claw slender, 70 μm long in holotype, without internal or lateral teeth; pretarsus with 1 lobe and 2 setae (1 external and 1 internal) (Fig. 10 D – F). Ratio of claw I length: width = 5.8.</p><p>Setal pattern of tergites.</p><p>Dorsal setal pattern generally of type II with well-differentiated setae. Setae on head and body finely dentated (Fig. 9 F). Head. Setal pattern as in Fig. 9 D. Seta a 0 present; d 1 – d 5 (d 2 and d 4 as Mc); sd 1, sd 3 – sd 5; v 1 – v 2 (v 2 as Mc); c 1 – c 5; p 1 – p 3, p 5 (p 3 and p 5 as Mc, p 4 absent); oc 1 and oc 3 (oc 1 and oc 3 as Mc). Thorax. Setal pattern as in Fig. 11 A. Th I with 2 + 2 setae as m 1 and m 4 (m 3 absent). Th II – III with a 1 – a 6; m 1, m 4 and m 6 (m 4 as Mc; m 6 as s), lateral microsensillum present on Th II in front of m 6 (s); p 1 – p 4 (p 4 as s), p 5 – p 6 (p 2, p 5 and p 6 as Mc). Abdomen. Setal pattern as in Fig. 12 A, B. Abd I with 4 + 4 setae between p 5 (s) in rows ‘ a ’ and ‘ m ’: a 1, a 2, a 5 and m 3 (p 2, p 4, p 6 and p 7 as Mc); Abd II with 5 + 5 setae between p 5 (s) in rows ‘ a ’ and ‘ m ’: a 1, a 2, a 4, a 5 and m 3 (p 2, p 4, p 6 and p 7 as Mc); Abd III with 6 + 6 setae between p 5 (s) in rows ‘ a ’ and ‘ m ’: a 1, a 2, a 4, m 3 and m 4 (p 2, p 4, p 6 and p 7 as Mc). Abd IV with 5 + 5 setae between p 5 (s) in rows ‘ a ’ and ‘ m ’: a 1, a 2, a 4, and m 1 (a 5, p 2, p 4 and p 6 as Mc). Abd V with 2 + 2 setae between p 3 (s) on row ‘ a ’: a 1 and a 3 (a 5, p 1 and p 5 as Mc).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name of the new species is derived from the Montenegro country in Europe, where it was discovered.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks.</p><p>Similarly to S. montenegrina sp. nov. the following species have reduced number of eyes to 0–1: S. greensladeae sp. nov., S. coeca, S. guerrerense, S. oaxacana, S. profundissima and S. subcoeca . Schaefferia montenegrina sp. nov. differs from S. greensladeae sp. nov. in size and number of PAO lobes: S. montenegrina sp. nov. has a small PAO with 5–6 subequal lobes, while S. greensladeae sp. nov. has large PAO with 7 unequal lobes. Moreover, S. montenegrina sp. nov. is separated from S. guerrerense and S. subcoeca in having a mucro, while mucro is absent in the latter two species. Other differences such as the presence of 2 + 2 setae on Th I, absence of seta p 2 on abd V, number of sensilla on Ant IV, number of dental setae, presence of an internal tooth on unguis and setal pattern of body tergites, also separate the new species from others (see Table 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E1C81178695D5C6089E9EB4657F1A2F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kováč, Ľubomír;Karaman, Marko;Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Mahmood	Kováč, Ľubomír, Karaman, Marko, Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Mahmood (2025): Convergent evolution underground - two new troglomorphic collembolan species of the genus Schaefferia Absolon, 1900 (Collembola, Poduromorpha, Hypogastruridae) from Iran and Montenegro. Subterranean Biology 54: 1-22, DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.54.157228
