taxonID	type	description	language	source
5240BA109763FFC64DDBF8ADFAFE255D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace slightly wider than long, with single anterolateral tooth (Figs. 1, 2 A, 3 A). Orbit short; eyes large, protruding lateral margin of orbit (Figs. 1, 2 A, 3 A). Antennules proportionately large, fossa asymmetrical (Fig. 2 A). Epistome with anterior part triangular; posterior margin sinuous with 3 low median lobes, separated from lateral parts by deep concavity (Fig. 2 A). Endostomial ridges strong. Third maxilliped with merus about as long as broad, anterolateral angle rounded, not auriculiform; ischium subrectangular (Figs. 2 C, 3 B). Chelipeds homochelous; chela stout, fingers laterally flattened (Figs. 1, 3 D). Ambulatory legs slender, smooth, unarmed; propodus of fourth leg subfoliaceous; dactylus of fourth leg subspatuliform (Fig. 1 B, C). Thoracic sternites 1, 2 completely fused, forming prominent triangular plate (Figs. 2 C, D); sternites 3, 4 fused, only lateral sutures visible; sutures between sternites 4 – 8 medially interrupted; longitudinal groove present between sternites 6 – 8. Press button of abdominal locking mechanism on anterior half of sternite 5 (Figs. 2 D). Coxo-sternal condition, with penis coxal but opening to base of G 1 through narrow channel formed by episternite 7, sternite 8 (Fig. 2 E). Male abdomen relatively broadly T-shaped; somite 2 not reaching coxae of fourth pair of ambulatory legs, sternite 8 clearly exposed; somite 3 transversely trapezoidal, almost reaching coxae of fourth ambulatory legs except for narrow part of sternite 8 (Figs. 2 B, 3 G). G 1 stout, gently curved outwards, distal quarter tapering with 2 stout subdistal spines on outer margin (Fig. 3 H, I); G 2 about 1.3 times length of G 1, median part dilated with numerous short spines on outer margin, distal part with bifurcated tip, subdistal surface with 4 or 5 spines (Fig. 3 J, K). Vulva prominent, occupying most of anterior half of sternite 6, no visible sternal vulvar cover (Fig. 2 F).	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Komai, Tomoyuki (2011): A new genus for Psopheticus megalops Takeda, 1989 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae). Zootaxa 2934: 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203270
5240BA109763FFC64DDBF8ADFAFE255D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Although the carapace is superficially similar to species of Psopheticus Wood-Mason, 1892, and Exopheticus Castro, 2007, it is distinctly less broad proportionately and appears paedomorphic, resembling juveniles of species of those latter genera. This is also true of its disproportionately large eyes. However, there is no doubt Pedroplax megalops is an adult despite its small size; the gonopods are fully developed and three of the females examined are already ovigerous. Although Castro (2007) and Ng et al. (2008) questioned its classification in the Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838, sensu stricto, there is little doubt it is a goneplacid as currently defined by Castro (2007), Ng & Manuel-Santos (2007) and Castro et al. (2009). The structures of the thoracic sternum (including the arrangement and extent of sutures) and male abdomen as well as the position of the penis and press-button of abdominal locking mechanism of Pedroplax new genus are consistent with other goneplacids. The most unusual features of Pedroplax new genus are clearly the very peculiar G 1 and G 2 structures which are unique for the family. In fact, the unusual G 1 s and G 2 s were the main reason why its placement in the Goneplacidae was doubted by Castro (2007) and Ng et al. (2008), but as discussed above, all the other key characters argue for its retention in the Goneplacidae. The gonopod structures, together with the atypical carapace features argue for the recognition of a distinct genus for the species. Another key difference of Pedroplax new genus with Psopheticus and Exopheticus is the relative narrowness of male abdominal somite 2 that exposes a large part of thoracic sternite 8 (Figs. 2 B, 3 G). In Psopheticus and Exopheticus, the male abdominal somite is broader and only a relatively small part of sternite 8 is exposed, if at all (Castro 2007: fig. 48 B). With regard to the small adult size and disproportionately large eyes and general form of the last ambulatory legs, Pedroplax megalops superficially resembles Guinoplax apheles Castro & Ng, 2010, but the two differ markedly in the characters of the carapace, chela, abdomen, thoracic sternum and gonopods (see Castro & Ng 2010).	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Komai, Tomoyuki (2011): A new genus for Psopheticus megalops Takeda, 1989 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae). Zootaxa 2934: 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203270
5240BA109763FFC64DDBF8ADFAFE255D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. We take pleasure in naming the genus after Peter Castro, known to his carcinologist friends as “ Pedro. The name is used in combination with - plax, a suffix for many goneplacid genera. Gender feminine.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Komai, Tomoyuki (2011): A new genus for Psopheticus megalops Takeda, 1989 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae). Zootaxa 2934: 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203270
5240BA109762FFC54DDBFA3EFADB27ED.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: male (5.6 × 4.8 mm) (NSMT-Cr 9754), Oshima Passage, 25 – 40 m depth, coll. Kagoshima University, 29 June 1970. Paratype: female (5.1 × 4.4 mm) (NSMT-Cr 5297), east of Tanegashima, ca. 59 m depth, coll. M. Takeda & M. Imajima, 18 June 1975. Others: 1 male (5.2 × 4.4 mm) (CBM-ZC 5936), south of Amuro Island, Kerama Group, Ryukyu Islands, 2610.00 ’ N, 12718.90 ’ E, 52 m, dredge, station 7, coll. T. Komai, TRV Toyoshio-maru, 1998 - 4 cruise, 19 May 1998; 2 ovigerous females (4.2 × 3.7 mm, 4.4 × 4.0 mm) (CBM-ZC 7623), north of Yakabi Island, Kerama Group, Ryukyu Islands, 55 – 101 m, 2615.34 ’ N, 12715.98 ’ E, dredge, station E- 6, coll. T. Komai, RV Tansei-maru, KT 02 - 3 cruise, 19 April 2002; 1 ovigerous female (3.9 × 3.5 mm) (ZRC 2011.0203), off Nagannu Island, Okinawa Islands, 2614.64 ’ N, 12731.01 ’ E, 51 m, dredge, coll. TRV Toyoshiomaru, 2005 cruise, 22 May 2005.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Komai, Tomoyuki (2011): A new genus for Psopheticus megalops Takeda, 1989 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae). Zootaxa 2934: 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203270
5240BA109762FFC54DDBFA3EFADB27ED.taxon	description	Description of male. Carapace quadrate, longer than broad, 1.1 – 1.2 times broader than long (Figs. 1, 3 A). Dorsal surface glabrous, almost smooth but with numerous minute low granules; granules relatively more prominent along frontal, anterolateral margins; H-shaped gastro-cardiac groove deep (Figs. 1, 3 A). Front entire, median part gently concave, short sulcus separating it from low lateral lobe (Figs. 1, 2 A, 3 A). Orbit short, ovate; eyes relatively large, mobile, cornea large, protruding beyond outer margin of orbit, ocular peduncle very short, distal part with numerous small granules (Figs. 1, 2 A, 3 A). Supraorbital margin entire, no trace of external orbital angle or tooth (Figs. 1, 2 A, 3 A). Suborbital margin sinuous, entire, resembling rim around eye, with low inner sublobiform tooth (Fig. 2 A, C). Anterolateral margin very short, gently concave, lateral tooth prominent but not sharp, sublobiform, gently curving obliquely anteriorly, upwards (Figs. 1, 2 A, 3 A). Posterolateral margins gently converging towards posterior carapace margin; region just behind anterior part of posterolateral margin gently swollen, with low rounded crest posteriorly (Figs. 1, 2 B, 3 A). Posterior carapace margin gently concave (Figs. 1, 2 B, 3 A). Hepatic, ptergostomial, subhepatic regions appear smooth but covered with numerous minute low granules (Fig. 2 A). Antennule relatively large, fossa asymmetrical with outer margin longer than inner, distal segments folding transversely (Fig. 2 A). Basal antennal segment mobile, rectangular; flagellum relatively short, as long as width of orbit, lodged inside orbit (Fig. 2 A). Epistome relatively broad, anterior part triangular; posterior margin sinuous with 3 low median lobes, separated from lateral parts by deep concavity (Fig. 2 A). Endostomial ridges well developed. Third maxillipeds subquadrate, forming small basal gape medially when closed, gets wider anteriorly; merus about as long as wide, anterolateral angle rounded, not auriculiform; ischium subrectangular, very shallow, barely discernible sulcus. Exopod slender, reaching anterior margin of merus, with prominent tooth on inner subdistal margin; flagellum long (Figs. 2 C, 3 B). Chelipeds homochelous, asymmetrical; surfaces almost glabrous, smooth (Fig. 1, 3 C, D). Merus short, with low rounded tooth on subproximal dorsal margin, margins gently granular (Figs. 1, 3 C). Carpus with large, obtuse lobiform tooth on inner angle (Figs. 1, 3 C, D). Chela stout, fingers laterally flattened, longer than palm, cutting edges with uneven cutting teeth (Fig. 3 D). Ambulatory legs slender, articles smooth, with scattered plumose, simple setae; second leg longest (Fig. 1). Meri slender, dorsal margins gently serrated, without trace of distal or subdistal angle (Figs. 1 B, C, 3 E). Propodi laterally flattened with median sulcus, that of fourth leg ovate, subfoliaceous (Figs. 1 B, C, 3 E). Dactyli slender, covered with very short setae but not obscuring surface, gradually tapering to distal part, gently curved distally; that of fourth leg laterally flattened, subspatuliform, broadest medially (Fig. 1 B, C). Surface of thoracic sternites covered with low, small granules, appearing almost smooth. Sternites 1, 2 completely fused, forming prominent triangular plate, separated from sternite 3 by shallow but distinct suture (Figs. 2 C, D). Sternites 3, 4 completely fused except for lateral sutures; sutures between sternites 4 – 8 medially interrupted; longitudinal groove present between sternites 6 – 8. Press button of abdominal locking mechanism present as prominent, rounded tubercle on anterior half of sternite 5 (Figs. 2 D). Penis coxal, opening to base of G 1 through narrow channel formed by episternite 7, sternite 8 (Fig. 2 E). Sterno-abdominal cavity relatively broad; male abdomen reaching to level between posterior edges of coxae of chelipeds (Fig. 2 C, D). Abdomen relatively broad, broadly T-shaped, all somites, telson free. Somite 1 longitudinally narrow, reaching to bases of coxae of last ambulatory legs; somite 2 almost twice height of somite 1, not reaching base of legs, large part of sternite 8 exposed; somite 3 transversely trapezoidal, almost reaching coxae of last ambulatory legs except for narrow part of sternite 8 (Figs. 2 B, 3 G); somites 4, 5 trapezoidal; somite 6 rectangular, lateral margins almost parallel (Fig. 2 C, 3 F); telson triangular with strongly convex lateral margins, rounded tip (Figs. 2 C, 3 F). G 1 relatively stout, gently curved outwards, distal quarter tapering to sharp tip, with 2 stout subdistal spines on outer margin (Fig. 3 H, I). G 2 slender about 1.3 times length of G 1, median part dilated with numerous short spines on outer margin, distal part elongated, tip bifurcated with 4 or 5 subdistal spines (Fig. 3 J, K). Female characters. The female chelae are similar to that of the males in form but weaker and relatively more slender. The abdomen is rounded, covering the entire thoracic sternum with all the somites free. The telson is broadly triangular with lateral margins gently sinuous but not contiguous with the margins of somite 6. There is no visible abdominal locking press-button structure. The vulvae are prominent, occupying most of anterior half of sternite 6, without visible sternal vulvar cover (Fig. 2 F).	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Komai, Tomoyuki (2011): A new genus for Psopheticus megalops Takeda, 1989 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae). Zootaxa 2934: 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203270
5240BA109762FFC54DDBFA3EFADB27ED.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There are a surprisingly small number of eggs for the three ovigerous females examined. The two larger females (4.2 × 3.7 mm and 4.4 × 4.0 mm, CBM-ZC 7623) had 15 and 24 eggs respectively, while the smaller female (3.9 × 3.5 mm, ZRC 2011.0203) had 25 eggs. The relatively large size (ca. 0.5 – 0.6 mm in diameter), especially in relation to the small size of the female, and small number of eggs suggest the larvae may be partially or perhaps even fully abbreviated (e. g., see Tan et al. 1986). Pedroplax megalops is so far known only from southern Japan. It has been dredged from depths of 25 to 101 m.	en	Ng, Peter K. L., Komai, Tomoyuki (2011): A new genus for Psopheticus megalops Takeda, 1989 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae). Zootaxa 2934: 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203270
