taxonID	type	description	language	source
525287E1D475902C3F8EFD13FCA0C9D7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Similar to Agaricus pleurocystidiatus by the presence of pleurocystidia, but differing in the pileus surface covered by concentrically arranged purple scales, regular pileus margin, and stipe with brown scales and slightly yellowish on some parts when exposed. Etymology: — glob- (L.) refers to the main shape of the pleurocystidia and cystidium (L.) refers to the presence of pleurocystidia, a rare morphological character in this genus. Holotype: — BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, near to the Department of Botany, 10 December 2015, M. P. Drewinski MPD 29 (FLOR 61594). Description: — Pileus 30 – 122 mm diam., at first parabolic, then conical truncated to convex and finally expanding to plano-convex, slightly depressed, covered by concentrically arranged purple (oac 527) scales on beige (oac 780) background, darker at center with concentrated scales that are scattered towards the margin, margin regular. Pileus context approx. 5 mm thick at center and 1 mm at margin, whitish or slightly yellowish in some parts when exposed, fleshy. Lamellae free, white at first, then pinkish and finally brown when mature, margin regular, crowded, with lamellulae. Stipe 102 – 120 × 9 – 20 mm, central, tapering at base, fistulose, beige pearly (oac 767), smooth above annulus, with brown scales below, changing to yellow in some parts including the context of the base. Annulus superous, pendant, membranous, floccose on lower surface, whitish. Basidiospores [200 / 10 / 8] (4.0 –) 5.0 – 6.2 (– 7.5) × (3.7 –) 5.0 μm, [Q = 1.25 – 1.66; Q m = 1.42; L m = 5.3 μm; W m = 4.2 μm], broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, dark brown, smooth, thick-walled, apiculus conspicuous, without a germ pore. Basidia (16.2 –) 21 – 37 (– 40) × 6.2 – 10.0 (– 11.2) μm, narrowly utriform to clavate, hyaline, smooth, 4 - spored. Pleurocystidia (25 –) 26 – 43 × (16.2 –) 18.7 – 23 μm, globose, subglobose, ovoid to broadly clavate, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia (11.2 –) 13.7 – 45 (– 47) × (7.5 –) 10 – 21 (– 23) μm, clavate, subglobose to obovoid, hyaline, thin-walled, usually covering all the lamellae edge. Lamellar trama regular, with abundant oleiferous hyphae, up to 6.5 (– 8.7) μm diam. Pileipellis a cutis composed of cylindrical and thin- to rather thick-walled hyphae, (3.7 –) 5.0 – 11.2 μm diam., branched, with purple internal plasmatic pigments. Pileus context composed of cylindrical and thin-walled hyphae, (5.0 –) 6.2 – 12.5 μm diam., with abundant oleiferous hyphae. Stipitipellis a cutis composed of cylindrical and thin-walled hyphae, 5.0 – 10.0 μm diam., sometimes inflated. Macrochemical reactions yellow in 3 % KOH (positive), yellow in 10 % NaOH (positive). Schaffer’s reaction was unclear, but the pileus turned purple with citric acid. Odor sweet almond. Habit, habitat and distribution: — solitary to gregarious, terrestrial, growing on grass in urban areas and areas of the Atlantic Forest domain; Brazil, Santa Catarina and Paraná states. Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, at the University Campus near the Botany Department, 30 July 2015, M. P. Drewinski MPD 02 (FLOR 61586 – Paratype); 05 October 2015, M. P. Drewinski MPD 03 (SP 466715 – Paratype); 07 October 2015, M. P. Drewinski MPD 04; 16 March 2016, M. P. Drewinski MPD 128 (FLOR 61612 – Paratype); 09 February 2017, M. P. Drewinski MPD 145 (FLOR 61620 – Paratype); Parque Ecológico do Córrego Grande, 11 February 2016, E. Copini EC 31 (FLOR 61583); Cacupé, Tim Brightwell MPD 19 (FLOR 61582); Paraná: Guarapuava, Parque Municipal das Araucárias, 12 January 2016, M. P. Drewinski MPD 71 (FLOR 61599). Notes: — The presence of pleurocystidia is a rare morphological character in Agaricus. Although those pleurocystidia are large and stand out from the other structures in the hymenium, they are not abundant and may go unnoticed if the material is not carefully studied (Heinemann 1980). Agaricus globocystidiatus is similar to A. pleurocystidiatus Heinem. (1980: 12), from Singapore, mainly due to the presence of pleurocystidia and because of the similar annulus that is described as membranous, pendant, white and with flakes on the lower side (Heinemann 1980). However, A. pleurocystidiatus differs by the following: the pileus surface, which has dark brown scales on a light brown background; the pileus margin, which is appendiculate; and the fibrillose light brown stipe. Furthermore, A. pleurocystidiatus changes to reddish brown when cut and is known only from Singapore (Heinemann 1980).	en	Drewinski, Mariana De Paula, Junior, Nelson Menolli, Neves, Maria Alice (2017): Agaricus globocystidiatus: a new neotropical species with pleurocystidia in Agaricus subg. Minoriopsis. Phytotaxa 314 (1): 64-72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.4
525287E1D475902C3F8EFD13FCA0C9D7.taxon	description	Agaricus globocystidiatus is a new species in Agaricus subg. Minoriopsis supported by morphological and molecular data. Although it is necessary to revise the morphology of the collection MATA 816 (JF 727870) to confirm the presence of pleurocystidia, our molecular results indicate that it is most likely A. globocystidiatus, which suggests a possible neotropical distribution for the new species here described. All sequences in A. globocystidiatus clade are 98.8 – 100 % identical, with MATA 816 presenting levels of sequence divergence between 1.2 % and 0.1 % compared to Brazilian sequences (MPD 02 and MPD 19, respectively). This work increases the knowledge of taxa within this subgenus and of Agaricus species that occur in America, which is important to better understand the phylogenetic relationships and the biogeographic patterns in the genus.	en	Drewinski, Mariana De Paula, Junior, Nelson Menolli, Neves, Maria Alice (2017): Agaricus globocystidiatus: a new neotropical species with pleurocystidia in Agaricus subg. Minoriopsis. Phytotaxa 314 (1): 64-72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.4
