taxonID	type	description	language	source
525F87CCFF9DFF8B9BEDFB2CFD32FEB6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Morphological structures were illustrated and emended diagnosis was given by Jałoszyński (2016 b). The diagnosis of Himaloconnus was based on structures of the type species, Euconnus shutjensis, known to occur in Nepal (Jałoszyński 2016 b), and included the following characters: head with long tempora; pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest near base and strongly narrowing anteriorly; head and pronotum with thick bristles; antenna with distinct trimerous club; hypostomal ridges extending to the level of posterior tentorial pits; mouthparts with “ rounded lateral lobes flanking prementum, which are presumably associated with hypopharynx ” (see remarks below); pronotum with one pair of small lateral pits, lacking sublateral carinae; hypomeral ridges incomplete, obliterated anteriorly and posteriorly; prosternum with rudimentary prosternal carina; mesoventral intercoxal process carinate, T-shaped in cross-section, broad and strongly elevated, broadening posteriorly, anteriorly not connected to anterior ridge of mesoventrite; metaventral intercoxal process narrowly separating metacoxae, with a pair of posteriorly directed, pointed spines adjacent at middle; each elytron with two distinct but small and setose basal foveae; aedeagus with free parameres. Characters found in the Japanese species (illustrated in Figs 1 – 43) largely agree with those given above, with few notable differences. The hypostomal ridges are nearly complete, obliterated slightly in front of posterior tentorial pits (Fig. 12); the pronotum lacks antebasal pits; the hypomeral ridges are complete, although indeed more distinct near middle and less so in their anterior and posterior portions (Fig. 18); the prosternal carina (Figs 18 – 19) is entirely lacking; the mesoventral intercoxal process (Figs 22 – 23) is parallel-sided between mesocoxae; and the basal elytral foveae are asetose (Fig. 25). Examination of a disarticulated specimen of a Himaloconnus from Ishigakijima allowed for identifying the “ rounded lateral lobes flanking prementum, which are presumably associated with hypopharynx ” clearly as lateral lobes of hypopharynx (Figs 12, 17), which are unique in being strongly expanded laterally and forming large lateral ‘ flaps’, in Figs 12 and 17 oriented in such a way that only their dorsal margins are visible and their anterior surface is directed anterad; in fig. 14 of Jałoszyński (2016 b), this structure was annotated with a question mark and is visible at each side of the prementum as an oval lobe, but it is clear that the lobe is flexible and can bend, as the left and right lobe are in different orientations. This hypertrophied lateral hypopharyngeal lobe seems unique for Himaloconnus and should be included in the diagnosis. Similarly, the U-shaped impression on the submentum found in Himaloconnus shutjensis (Jałoszyński 2016 b; figs 14 – 15) covered with numerous pores and what seems to be remains of a secretion, was found in all (male and female) specimens collected in Japan. This median impression (Fig. 12) can also be added to the genus diagnosis, especially that it is well-visible also under a stereomicroscope. The complete or slightly incomplete hypostomal ridges seem a variable character, and while they are incomplete in specimens from the Yaeyama Archipelago, they are complete in H. shutjensis and in specimens from Amami-Ôshima. The prosternal process or carina in H. shutjensis is vestigial, barely discernable, so its lack in some species of the genus is not surprising. The number and arrangement of antebasal pronotal pits may vary among species within a genus, and the lack of pits in the Japanese specimens (as well as in H. klapperichianus found in geographically close Taiwan) is not a character of great taxonomic value. The shape of the mesoventral carina (parallel-sided vs. slightly broadening posterad) is another character clearly variable within genus. The basal elytral foveae in H. shutjensis (Jałoszyński 2016 b; fig. 13) are filled with a few setae only (in contrast to many genera of Stenichnini that have densely setose foveae, with numerous ‘ wooly’ setae on their circumference directed toward the center), and again, reduction of this character is not of great taxonomic value. This variability, however, must be included in an emended diagnosis, given below. In addition to previously known characters, a more detailed examination of disarticulated specimens allowed for a better characterization of Himaloconnus. The following structures, poorly visible in the unique holotype of H. shutjensis and studied only by scanning electron microscopy, are well-visible in transparent slides: labrum (Fig. 15) transverse, with slightly concave anterior margin and sparse, nearly symmetrical dorsal setae; mandibles (Fig. 16) symmetrical, each with broad base, distinct setose prostheca and a small preapical tooth; prementum (Fig. 17) with a small papillate ligula (Figs 12, 17; lig) bearing a pair of small setae, and with labial palps with palpomere I (Fig. 17; lp 1) short, ring-like, palpomere II (Fig. 17; lp 2) elongate, subcylindrical, and palpomere III (Fig. 17; lp 3) narrow, elongate, tapering distad and slightly curved; tentorium (Figs 11, 14) with small corporatentorium (Figs 11, 14; ct), bisinuate tentorial bridge (Figs 11, 14; tb) with anteromedian projection, long gular ridges (Figs 11, 14; gr; with membranous ventral portions and sclerotized dorsal portions, the latter visible in lateral and dorsal view as long ‘ arms’), short dorsal tentorial arms (Fig. 14; dta) not reaching vertex, short and stout posterior tentorial arms (Fig. 14; pta), and long, slender anterior tentorial arms (Figs 11, 14; ata); mesonotum (Fig. 20) with mesoscutum (Fig. 20; sc 2) and mesoscutellum (Fig. 20; scl 2) demarcated by scutoscutellar suture (Fig. 20; sss); metanotum (Fig. 21, postnotum omitted) developed as in all winged Stenichnini; deep dorsolateral foveae of mesothorax (Figs 22 – 24; dlf); pleural meso- and metaventral structures largely fused together (Fig. 24); and elongate, thin-walled spermatheca (Fig. 26; sp). Emended diagnosis of Himaloconnus. Head with long tempora (i. e., eyes situated anteriorly); pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest near base and strongly narrowing anteriorly; head and pronotum with thick bristles; antennal fossae narrowly separated at middle; antenna with distinct trimerous club; hypostomal ridges complete or almost complete (i. e., posteriorly reaching or almost reaching the level of posterior tentorial pits); lateral lobes of hypopharynx conspicuously large, forming oval flexible ‘ flaps’; submentum with deep U-shaped impression with sharply marked lateral and posterior margins; pronotum with one pair of lateral pits or lacking pits, lacking sublateral carinae; notosternal sutures obliterated; hypomeral ridges complete or partly obliterated; prosternal process lacking or vestigial; mesoventral intercoxal process carinate, broad and strongly elevated, anteriorly not connected to anterior ridge of mesoventrite; metaventral intercoxal process narrowly separating metacoxae, composed of a pair of pointed spines adjacent at middle; each elytron with two distinct but small basal foveae (asetose or filled with sparse setae); aedeagus with free parameres; spermatheca elongate.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8B9BEDFE70FA43FA99.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body slender, uniformly light brown; each eye in male composed of 23 ommatidia; pronotal base lacking pits; setae on elytra much shorter than those on pronotum; punctures on head, pronotum and elytra fine, inconspicuous; endophallus with elongate median tubular structure distinctly expanded in proximal region to form a large vesicle.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8B9BEDFE70FA43FA99.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Himaloconnus klapperichianus klapperichianus will be redescribed together with Oriental and Himalayan species of the genus (Jałoszyński, in prep.). It is one of two Himaloconnus species known to occur in Taiwan. The other species, H. alishanensis, has distinctly larger adults reaching ∼ 1.5 mm, and their pigmentation is not uniform but clearly bicolored: the head and partly the pronotum are nearly black, remaining body parts are brown. Specimens collected in the Ryukyu Archipelago, i. e., on Ishigaki-jima and Iriomote-jima of the Yaeyama group, on Okinawa-jima and on Amami-Ôshima, do not differ from the holotype of H. klapperichianus in male genital structures and externally differ only in minor characters. The aedeagus among the Rykyuan specimens shows some degree of variability in the shape of the apical region and sclerotization of endophallic elements, and this variability was observed even within a sample of specimens collected on the same mountain on Ishigaki-jima, and even on the same collecting spot. It is not possible to distinguish populations that inhabit Taiwan, Yaeyama, Okinawa-jima and Amami-Ôshima using male genital characters. However, specimens from each of these localities differ in body length, and males have different proportions of the length of eye in relation to the length of temple in dorsal view, and different diameters of ommatidia (even though the number of ommatidia is the same in all specimens). The relative length of eye in the largest studied sample from the Yaeyama seems to be a stable, constant character. Putatively, I place these geographically isolated populations as subspecies of H. klapperichianus. Genetic study and possible discoveries of Himaloconnus on other islands between Taiwan and Kyushu may verify this view. As the currently known disjunctions are relatively strong (sea barriers, lack of forests on some islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago that otherwise could serve as intermediary steps in dispersal), and morphological differences between the studied populations are small but distinct, the present state of knowledge supports the decision to treat them as subspecies.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 4 – 5, 10 – 35)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Okinawa Pref.): ♂, two labels: “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Ishigaki-jima, Ura-Banna / 100 m. 21 - 23. iii. 2004, FIT / S. Nomura leg. ” [white, printed], “ HIMALOCONNUS / klapperichianus yaeyamanus m. / HOLOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (NSMT). Paratypes (56 exx.): 3 ♂♂, same data as for holotype; 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / ISHIGAKI Is., 17 IX 2003 / Mt. Omoto-dake / leg. P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI ”; 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / ISHIGAKI Is., Mt. Banna-dake / ca. 200 m, 31 XII 2002 / leg. P. Jałoszyński ”; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, Okinawa Pref. / Ishigaki Is. / Mt. Omoto-dake / 20 IX 2003 ”; 1 ♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Ishigaki-jima, Mt. Omoto- / dake, 11. vi. 2003 / H. Mizushima leg. ”; 1 ♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Ishigaki-jima, Shiramizu, / 3 - 6. v. 2004 / Tomoyuki Tsuru leg. FIT ”; 1 ♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Ishigaki-jima, Omoto-dake / 100 m, 15 - 21. iii. 2004, FIT / S. Nomura leg. B 1 ”; 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / ISHIGAKI-JIMA, Kabira env. / jungle and roadside, 15 I 20017 / leg. P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI ”; 2 ♂♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / ISHIGAKI-JIMA, Kabira env. / jungle and roadside, 16 I 20017 / leg. P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI ”; 10 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, “ Mt. Omotodake / Ishigakijima Is. ”, “ 22. iii. 1984 / S. Nomura leg. ”; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, “ Mt. Omotodake / Ishigaki Is. / Okinawa Pref. ”, “ 9. iv. 1986 / S. Nomura leg. ”; 2 ♂♂, “ JAPAN Okinawa / Ishigaki Is. / Yoshihara (FIT) / 13 - 20. V. 2002 / Shigehisa Hori leg. ”; 1 ♂, “ [Japan] Ryukyus / Ishigaki - jima Is. / Mt. Omoto-dake (Tul.) / 28 - IV - 1999 / T. SHIMADA leg. ”; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, “ [RYUKYU: JAPAN] / Mt. Omoto-dake / (350 - 500 m alt.) / Ishigaki Is. / 14. X. 1988 M. Sakai / (in leaf litter) ”; 1 ♂, “ Mt. OMOTO-DAKE / Ishigaki Is. / Okinawa Pref. / 3 - VI- 1999 / H. Mizushima leg. ”; 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote-jima / Shirahama-rindô / 1. iii. 2002 / Seidai Nagashima leg. ”; 2 ♀♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote-jima, Kanpiree / - no-taki waterfall, 12. ix. 2003 / Shiho Arai leg. ”; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / IRIOMOTE Is., Ôhara env. / 5 I 2003 / leg. P. Jałoszyński ” [♀ from old, empty nest of Nasutitermes takasagoensis (Shiraki)]; 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote Is .., Ôhara env. / 16 IX 2003 / leg. P. Jałoszyński ”; 1 ♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote-jima, Kanpiree / 80 m, 17 - 20. iii. 2004, FIT / S. Nomura leg. ”; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote-jima, Gunkan-iwa / 50 m, 17 - 20. iii. 2004, FIT / S. Nomura leg. ”; 1 ♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote-jima, Itokawa- / rindô, yellow pan trap / 10 - 13. v. 2004 / Toshiharu Mita leg. ”; 1 ♂, “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Iriomote-jima, Funaura / FIT, 11 - 18. iv. 2005 / T. Fukuzawa leg. ”; 1 ♂, “ Kanpiree / Iriomote Is. / Okinawa Pref. ”, “ 13 - iv. 1986 / S. Nomura leg. ”; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “ LOOCHOO / Is. IRIOMOTE / Shirahama / 4. IV. 1962 ”; 1 ♀, (RYUKYUS) / Mt. Tedou / Iriomote Island / 3. X. 1978 / K. Ishikawa ”, “ collected from / soil by using / Berlese funnel ”; 1 ♂, “ (RYUKYUS) / Hoshidate / Iriomote Island / 3. X. 1978 / K. Ishikawa ”, “ collected from / soil by using / Berlese funnel ”; 1 ♂, “ (RYUKYUS) / Ôtomi / Iriomote Island / 4. X. 1978 / K. Ishikawa ”, “ collected from / soil by using / Berlese funnel ”; 2 ♀♀, “ [IRIOMOTE I.] / Trans-island / Road nr. Ôtomi / 40 m alt. 12. X. / 1988 M. Sakai ”, “ Leaf Litter ” (paratypes in cPJ, EUMJ, MNHW, NSMT).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. BL of male ~ 1 mm; eyes in males in dorsal view comparable to length of tempora, each composed of moderately large ommatidia (Fig. 5).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 1) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.95 – 1.14 mm (mean 1.07 mm). Head (Figs 4 – 5) broadest at eyes, HL 0.20 – 0.23 mm (mean 0.20 mm), HW 0.20 – 0.23 mm (mean 0.22 mm); tempora in dorsal view about as long as eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye (Fig. 5) large, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 23 large facets. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with long and thick bristles. Antennae slender, AnL 0.40 – 0.53 mm (mean 0.48 mm), antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each about as long as broad, IX about as long as broad or indistinctly transverse, X distinctly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower than X, slightly elongate. Pronotum subconical with rounded sides, broadest near posterior third, distinctly rapidly narrowed near anterior 1 / 5; PL 0.28 – 0.33 mm (mean 0.29 mm), PW 0.26 – 0.31 mm (mean 0.29 mm). Anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin indistinctly bisinuate with weakly convex median third, base lacking pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, moderately long, suberect; sides with sparse, thick and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest indistinctly in front of middle; EL 0.50 – 0.63 mm (mean 0.58 mm), EW 0.43 – 0.50 mm (mean 0.48 mm), EI 1.11 – 1.29; humeral calli distinct, basal impressions short but well developed; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae much shorter than those on pronotum, sparse, suberect. Hind wings long, functional. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 27 – 35) elongate, AeL 0.18 mm; in ventral view broadest in sub-basal region, weakly narrowing distad; apical region variable in shape, in most specimens broadly subtriangular with blunt apex, with median apical projection; endophallus symmetrical and complex, composed of longitudinal tubular component flanked by variously distinct, sclerotized elements of various shapes, in submedian region tubular structure distinctly broadened and forming a large vesicle well-visible in lateral view; parameres slender, each with one long apical and one short subapical seta. Female similar to male, but with distinctly smaller, less convex eyes distinctly shorter than tempora in dorsal view, each composed of 15 ommatidia; antennae slightly shorter in relation to body, and elytra slightly stouter. BL 0.98 – 1.14 mm (mean 1.08 mm); HL 0.20 – 0.21 mm (mean 0.20 mm), HW 0.20 – 0.23 mm (mean 0.21 mm), AnL 0.40 – 0.48 mm (mean 0.46 mm); PL 0.25 – 0.30 mm (mean 0.29 mm), PW 0.28 – 0.31 mm (mean 0.29 mm); EL 0.53 – 0.63 mm (mean 0.59 mm), EW 0.45 – 0.53 mm (mean 0.49 mm), EI 1.14 – 1.25.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Ishigaki-jima and Iriomote-jima of the Yaeyama Islands, SW Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (Fig. 44).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Yaeyama Islands.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF9FFF8D9BEDFA5DFACCF96E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Himaloconnus klapperichianus yaeyamanus is common in forests of Ishigaki and Iriomote islands, and was collected by sifting moist leaf litter, rotten wood and even abandoned termite nests; it can be also found in flight intercept traps. Among Japanese subspecies, H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus has the largest adults (Fig. 1) with eyes (Fig. 4) comparable in length to tempora in dorsal view, and composed of ommatidia of an intermediary diameter between those of H. klapperichianus oshimanus and H. klapperichianus okinawanus (Figs 5, 7, 9). Aedeagi of these three subspecies are indistinguishable and show some degree of variability in the shape of the aedeagal apex and in endophallic structures (examples among specimens collected within a relatively small area on Mt. Omoto-dake, Ishighaki-jima, are shown in Figs 27 – 35). Himaloconnus klapperichianus klapperichianus known to occur in Taiwan is most similar to the geographically closest H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus. Adults of H. klapperichianus klapperichianus are as large as the smallest specimens of H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus; the aedeagus of the nominotypical subspecies is slightly slenderer than that of H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus, and the eye of males in dorsal view is distinctly shorter than the temple (about as long as temple in H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus), and composed of relatively smaller ommatidia (similar to those of H. klapperichianus okinawanus, Fig. 9).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF99FF809BEDF908FE4AFE92.taxon	description	(Figs 2, 6 – 7, 36 – 39)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF99FF809BEDF908FE4AFE92.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Kagoshima Pref.): ♂, two labels: “ JAPAN, KAGOSHIMA Pref. / Amami-Ôshima, Yui-dake / 25 - 28. v. 2004, white pan trap / Toshiharu Mita leg. ” [white, printed], “ HIMALOCONNUS / klapperichianus amamianus m. / HOLOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (NSMT). Paratypes (5 exx.): 2 ♂♂, same data as for holotype; 3 ♂♂ (one as whole-body mount in Canada balsam), “ JAPAN, KAGOSHIMA Pref. / Amami-Ôshima, Kinsakubaru, / Naze-shi, yellow pan trap / 29. v. - 1. vi. 2004 / Toshiharu Mita leg. ” (NSMT, cPJ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF99FF809BEDF908FE4AFE92.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. BL of male <1 mm; eyes in males in dorsal view slightly longer than length of tempora, each composed of conspicuously large ommatidia (Fig. 7).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF99FF809BEDF908FE4AFE92.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 2) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.88 – 0.96 mm (mean 0.90 mm). Head (Figs 6 – 7) broadest at eyes, HL 0.16 – 0.19 mm (mean 0.18 mm), HW 0.18 – 0.19 mm (mean 0.18 mm); tempora in dorsal view slightly shorter than eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye (Fig. 7) large, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 23 conspicuously large facets. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with long and thick bristles. Antennae slender, AnL 0.38 – 0.40 mm (mean 0.39 mm), antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each indistinctly transverse, IX and X distinctly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower than X, slightly elongate. Pronotum subconical with rounded sides, broadest near posterior third, nearly evenly tapering anterad; PL 0.25 mm, PW 0.23 mm. Anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin indistinctly bisinuate with weakly convex median third, base lacking pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, moderately long, suberect; sides with sparse, thick and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest at or near middle; EL 0.45 – 0.53 mm (mean 0.48 mm), EW 0.38 – 0.43 mm (mean 0.40 mm), EI 1.13 – 1.25; humeral calli distinct, basal impressions short but well developed; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae much shorter than those on pronotum, sparse, suberect. Hind wings long, functional. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 36 – 39) elongate, AeL 0.15 mm; as in H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus. Female unknown. Distribution. Amami-Ôshima, the largest of Satsunan Islands, NE Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (Fig. 44). Etymology. Named after Amami Islands that include Amami-Ôshima.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF99FF809BEDF908FE4AFE92.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Himaloconnus klapperichianus amamianus has adults distinctly smaller than those of H. klapperichianus klapperichianus and H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus, but comparable in length with those of H. klapperichianus okinawanus. The eyes of males are slightly longer than tempora in dorsal view (they should be measured to make sure), and differ from the eyes of H. klapperichianus okinawanus, which are clearly shorter than tempora. Moreover, the ommatidia of H. klapperichianus amamianus are largest in relation to the head among all subspecies of H. klapperichianus.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	description	(Figs 3, 8 – 9, 40 – 43)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Okinawa Pref.): ♂, three labels: “ Mt. Nishimedake (No. 4) / (epiphytic fern: soil) / Kunigami-son, Okinawa Is. / [Ryukyus: JAPAN] / 6. vii. 2001, S. Karasawa ” [white, printed], “ Epiphytic Fern Survey / Scydmaenidae / Euconnus sp. 5 / P. Jałoszyński det., 2005 ” [orange, printed], “ HIMALOCONNUS / klapperichianus okinawanus m. / HOLOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (NSMT). Paratypes (4 exx.): 1 ♀, same data as for holotype; 2 ♂♂, “ OKINAWA; JAPAN / Is. Okinawa / Yonahadake / 1. IV. 1999 / Tatsuya Kan leg. ”; 1 ♂, “ [Yanbaru: OKINAWA] / NNW of Mt. Yonaha- / dake (alt. 320 m) / 20. X. 1987 / Y. Nishikawa leg. / (in leaf litter) ” (paratypes in cPJ, EUMJ, NSMT).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. BL of male <1 mm; eyes in males in dorsal view much shorter than tempora, each composed of small ommatidia (Fig. 9).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 3) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.83 – 0.89 mm (mean 0.85 mm). Head (Figs 8 – 9) broadest at eyes, HL 0.15 – 0.16 mm (mean 0.16 mm), HW 0.15 – 0.18 mm (mean 0.16 mm); tempora in dorsal view distinctly longer than eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye (Fig. 9) large, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 23 small facets. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with long and thick bristles. Antennae slender, AnL 0.35 – 0.38 mm (mean 0.37 mm), antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each about as long as broad, IX and X distinctly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower than X, slightly elongate. FIGURES 27 – 43. Aedeagus in ventral (27, 29, 31 – 36, 38, 40, 42) and lateral (28, 30, 37, 39, 41, 43) views. Himaloconnus klapperichianus yaeyamanus ssp. n. (27 – 35; showing variability within population inhabiting Ishigaki-jima); H. klapperichianus amamianus ssp. n. (36 – 39); and H. klapperichianus okinawanus ssp. n. (40 – 43). Pronotum subconical with rounded sides, broadest near posterior third, nearly evenly tapering anterad; PL 0.24 – 0.25 mm (mean 0.25 mm), PW 0.20 – 0.23 mm (mean 0.22 mm). Anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin indistinctly bisinuate with weakly convex median third, base lacking pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, moderately long, suberect; sides with sparse, thick and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest indistinctly in front of middle; EL 0.43 – 0.48 mm (mean 0.45 mm), EW 0.38 mm, EI 1.13 – 1.27; humeral calli distinct, basal impressions short but well developed; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae much shorter than those on pronotum, sparse, suberect. Hind wings long, functional. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 40 – 43) elongate, AeL 0.13 mm; as in H. klapperichianus yaeyamanus. Female similar to male, but with distinctly smaller, less convex eyes much shorter than tempora in dorsal view, each composed of only six ommatidia. BL 0.74 mm; HL 0.14 mm, HW 0.15 mm, AnL 0.33 mm; PL 0.20 mm, PW 0.40 mm; EL 0.40 mm, EW 0.33 mm, EI 1.23.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Yambaru, i. e., the northern, forested region of Okinawa-jima, central Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (Fig. 44).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Okinawa-jima.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF94FF839BEDF9B7FAB4FC52.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Males of Himaloconnus klapperichianus okinawanus have the smallest eyes in relation to tempora among all subspecies of H. klapperichianus; in dorsal view the eye is clearly shorter than the temple (Fig. 8). Also males of H. klapperichianus klapperichianus have eyes distinctly shorter than tempora and composed of similarly, conspicuously small ommatidia. However, H. klapperichianus klapperichianus is distinctly larger, has a smaller ratio PL / PW (0.95 vs. 1.11 – 1.19 in H. klapperichianus okinawanus), and antennae longer in relation to the pronotum (AnL / PL in H. klapperichianus klapperichianus equals 1.70 vs. 1.40 – 1.58 in H. klapperichianus okinawanus).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF90FF989BEDFF75FBCFFB57.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Nogunius sokani, here designated.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF90FF989BEDFF75FBCFFB57.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body elongate, with distinct constriction between head and pronotum and between pronotum and elytra; head short and round, with eyes situated anteriorly, adjacent to antennal fossae, and with long tempora; thick bristles present on head and prothorax; antennal fossae narrowly separated at middle; antenna with large, sharply delimited dimerous club; submentum with lateral sutures continuous with gular sutures; hypostomal ridges incomplete, running only slightly obliquely to lateral margins of cardines and reaching neither submentum nor posterior tentorial pits; pronotum subconical, broadest shortly in front of base and narrowing anterad, with rounded sides; pronotum with two pairs of antebasal pits; prosternum lacking prosternal process, with basisternal portion not demarcated; notosternal sutures distinct in front of procoxal cavities, but postcoxal process of hypomeron firmly fused with postcoxal process of coxosternum without a trace of suture, so that procoxal cavities are closed; hypomeral ridges absent; mesoventral intercoxal process carinate, broad; pleural structures of meso- and metaventrite partly fused laterad mesocoxal projections; metaventral intercoxal process subtrapezoidal, short, with median notch, narrowly separating metacoxae; each elytron with one small but distinct and asetose basal fovea; aedeagus with symmetrical median lobe and endophallus, and with free, slender parameres; spermatheca elongate.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF90FF989BEDFF75FBCFFB57.taxon	description	Description. Body form (Figs 45 – 51) Euconnus - like, elongate, moderately slender, with distinct constrictions between head and pronotum and between pronotum and elytra. Head (Figs 46, 48, 50, 52 – 57) round and strongly convex; eyes situated closer to mandibular bases than to occipital constriction; vertex not bulging posterodorsad, confluent with frons; frontoclypeal groove present, short; tempora and posterior margin of frons with thick, long bristles. Occipital constriction (Fig. 55; occ) about as broad as frons; ‘ neck’ region slightly broadening posterad. Antennal fossae large and situated anterolaterally, narrowly separated at middle. Gular plate transverse, with distinct gular sutures marked on ‘ neck’ region (Fig. 55; gs), anteriorly confluent with complete lateral sutures of submentum (Fig. 55; lss); posterior tentorial pits (Fig. 55; ptp) small, elongate, adjacent to gular sutures. Submentum (Fig. 55; smn) subtrapezoidal; mentum (Fig. 55; mn) subtrapezoidal with concave anterior margin; prementum (Fig. 55; pmn) largely membranous, flexible, lacking ligula, with moderately broadly separated bases of labial palps and small, inconspicuous lateral lobes of hypopharynx covered with microtrichia; labial palpomere I (Fig. 55; lp 1) short, ring-like, palpomere II (Fig. 55; lp 2) elongate, subcylindrical, palpomere III (Fig. 55; lp 3) narrow, elongate, tapering distad and slightly curved. Maxilla (Fig. 55) with large cardo (Fig. 55; cd), subtriangular basistipes (Fig. 55; bst), broad mediostipes with an oblique groove demarcating elongate lacinia with a row of robust setae along mesal and distal margin, galea (Fig. 55; gal) elongate, with robust setae along distal and distomesal margin, palpifer (Fig. 55; ppf) elongate, maxillary palp with weakly elongate palpomere I (Fig. 55; mxp 1), long, pipe-like palpomere II (Fig. 55; mxp 2), broad and relatively short palpomere III (Fig. 55; mxp 3), and subconical palpomere IV (Fig. 55; mxp 4) with distal half nearly rod-like. Mandibles (Figs 54, 59) symmetrical, each subtriangular, with broad basal portion and narrow apical tooth, which is indistinctly bifurcate; setose prostheca present but short and indistinct. Labrum (Fig. 58) transverse, with rounded anterior margin, and with sparse, symmetrically distributed dorsal setae directed anterad. Tentorium (Figs 54, 57) with small corporatentorium (Figs 54, 57; ct), bisinuate tentorial bridge (Figs 54, 57; tb) with anteromedian projection, long gular ridges (Figs 54, 57; gr; with membranous ventral portions and sclerotized dorsal portion, the latter visible in lateral and dorsal view as long ‘ arms’), lacking dorsal tentorial arms, with short and stout posterior tentorial arms (Fig. 57; pta), and long, slender anterior tentorial arms (Figs 54, 57; ata). Antenna (Figs 53, 56) slender, with scape and pedicel each strongly elongate, short and compactly assembled antennomeres III – VIII, slightly enlarged antennomere IX, and large, sharply delimited dimerous club, with antennomere XI slightly narrower than X. Prothorax in dorsal view (Figs 45 – 51) subconical, broadest shortly in front of base but relatively weakly narrowing anterad. Anterior pronotal corners distinct, posterior corners broadly rounded. Pronotal base with two pairs of distinct pits. Sides of pronotum with thick bristles. Prosternum (Figs 60 – 61) short in relation to prothorax, with basisternal portion not demarcated and lacking prosternal process, laterally in front of procoxal cavities separated from hypomera by notosternal sutures (Fig. 61; nss), posteriorly lateral process of coxosternum firmly fused with postcoxal process of hypomeron, closing procoxal cavities; hypomeral ridges absent. Mesonotum (Fig. 62) with mesoscutum (Fig, 62; sc 2) and mesoscutellum (Fig. 62; scl 2) demarcated by scutoscutellar suture (Fig. 62; sss); only tiny posterior area of scutellar shield visible between elytral bases in intact specimens. Hind wings fully developed, functional. Mesoventrite (Figs 64 – 66) transverse, with short prepectus, transverse and setose anteromedian impressions functioning as procoxal rests (Fig. 65; pcr) separated at middle by long, carinate mesoventral intercoxal process (Fig. 65; msvp), which anteriorly nearly reaches anterior margin of mesoventrite. Two shallow foveae can be seen on sides of mesoventrite, each opening on dorsal surface of ventrite (i. e., not opening outside, but inside thorax): fovea 2 (Fig. 65; fov 2) with opening at base of mesocoxal projection near tip of mesofurca, and fovea 3 (Fig. 65; fov 3) opening on anteropleural region at the level of lateral corner of procoxal rest. Mesoventral pleural structures partly fused with metaventrite laterad mesocoxal projection (Fig. 66); the latter (Fig. 65; mcp) prominent, strongly projecting laterad, with mesocoxal cavities situated on ventromesal region and exposed in ventral view. Metanotum (Fig. 63) with narrow alacristae (Fig. 63; alc), large metascutum (Fig. 63; sc 3) with oblique internal apodemes (Fig. 63; ap), and a broad median membranous area (Fig. 63; mma); metascutellum not recognizable; metapostnotum (Fig. 63; pn 3) short. Elytra (Figs 45, 47, 49, 51, 67) together oval, each with small humeral callus and round basal impression with a single asetose basal elytral fovea (Fig. 67; bef). Metaventrite (Figs 64 – 65) subrectangular, anteriorly fused with mesoventrite, lacking anterior metaventral process, with metaventral intermetacoxal process (Fig. 65; mtvp) short, subtrapezoidal, with median notch, narrowly separating metacoxae. Mesofurcal foveae (Fig. 65; msff) open in median area of each mesocoxal rest, base of mesofurcal arm bears a deep projection with fovea 1 (Figs 65 – 66; fov 1) opening internally and its walls forming additional projection (apophysa) inside pterothorax. Metanepisterna (Fig. 66; aest 23) and metepimera (Fig. 66; epm 3) fully demarcated and narrow. Legs slender, lacking peculiar features. Abdomen (Fig. 68) subtriangular, with six exposed sternites (sternites III – VIII), suture between VII and VIII indistinct. Aedeagus (Figs 69 – 84) with symmetrical and nearly tubular median lobe with strongly curved basal region and basal foramen surrounded by large ‘ collar’ formed of parameral bases; ostium situated ventrally in subapical region; endophallus symmetrical and composed of paired sclerites; parameres free (i. e., not fused with walls of median lobe), slender, each with apical and subapical setae. Spermatheca (Fig. 68; sp) small, thin-walled and elongate. Sexual dimorphism distinctly expressed only in size of eyes (smaller in females).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF90FF989BEDFF75FBCFFB57.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This genus is named after Noguni Sôkan, an official who introduced the sweet potato to Okinawa from China in the beginning of the seventeenth century. The sweet potato then spread from Okinawa to Japan, and in the Ryukyus it became a staple food that saved many lives from famine. It is not a personal name; sôkan was a manager-level position in the Ryukyu Kingdome, and Noguni is a district of the Kadena town on Okinawa-jima, where he was born; the true name of Noguni Sôkan remains unknown. Gender masculine. Composition and distribution. Nogunius is known to occur in the Ryukyus and Izu Islands; one female representing most likely an undescribed species was found on Shikoku (Fig. 85).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF90FF989BEDFF75FBCFFB57.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Although adults of this genus resemble Euconnus and similar genera of Stenichnini, they have an unusual feature, so far within this tribe known only in Stenichnus - like genera, i. e., complete lateral sutures of the submentum. In Nogunius, the sutures are clearly identifiable as anterior (pre-tentorial) portions of gular sutures, with posterior tentorial pits situated on their lateral margins far in front of the transverse gular plate on the ‘ neck’ region. The gular ridges extend along gular sutures inside the head capsule. Unambiguous homologization of the lateral sutures of the submentum with gular sutures was so far problematic, because the submental lateral sutures in Stenichnus - like genera meet the sutures of the posterior (post-tentorial) portion of the gular plate at some angle, and the posterior tentorial pits are hidden inside a deep transverse groove between the ‘ neck’ region and the anterior, exposed part of the head capsule (e. g., Jałoszyński 2013). Consequently, each lateral suture could not be unambiguously interpreted as a single, continuous structure extending from the anteroventral margin of the foramen occipitale up to the posterolateral margin of the mentum. The continuity of the suture on the entire ventral surface of the head capsule in Nogunius seems undisputed, and this arrangement is similar to the gular sutures found in many other Staphylinidae (e. g., Solodovnikov & Newton 2005: fig. 2.). Among all genera of Stenichnini, morphological structures of four are unknown to me: Napochomorphus Franz, Neuraphomorphus Reitter, Psepharobius King, and Taphroscydmus Casey. Each of them includes one species. Despite long efforts, I was not able to borrow the type material of the type species of the Brazilian Napochomorphus; depositories of the type material of the type species of the Ethiopian Neuraphomorphus, the Australian Psepharobius and the North American Taphroscydmus remain unknown (none is present in Hungarian, Australian, and Russian museums that hold major parts of what remained from collections of Reitter, King and Motschulsky, respectively). The remaining genera can be divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of the lateral sutures of the submentum (the term “ pre-tentorial gular sutures ” will be used consistently in this and future studies). These groups may not be monophyletic, but such a preliminary division greatly facilitates identifications by excluding a large number of genera using a relatively easily observable character. The pre-tentorial gular sutures are known to occur in 23 genera, including Nogunius. Additionally, a re-assessment of cephalic structures in all specimens studied so far by scanning electron microscopy or as transparent mounts revealed that in Magellanoconnus s. str. structures interpreted previously as hypostomal ridges may in fact be the pre-tentorial gular sutures (discussion concerning the diagnosis and taxonomy of this genus will be included in a separate, phylogenetic paper; Jałoszyński in prep.). All genera with the pre-tentorial gular sutures can be divided into two groups: 1. The mesoventral intercoxal process absent: Austrostenichnus Franz, Neladius Casey, Palaeoscydmaenus Franz, and Stenichnaphes Franz. 2. The mesoventral intercoxal process or carina present: Alloraphes Franz, Brachycepsis Brendel, Catalinus Casey, Delius Casey, Leptoderoides Croissandeau, Madagaphes Jałoszyński, Magellanoconnus Franz, Mexiconnus Jałoszyński, Neuraphes Thomson, Nogunius Jałoszyński, Obesoconnus Jałoszyński, Parascydmus Casey, Rutaraphes Jałoszyński, Scydmaenilla King, Scydmoraphes Reitter, Siamites Franz, Stenichnodes Franz, Stenichnus Thomson, and Zeanichnus Jałoszyński. The group 2 can be divided into two subgroups: 2 A. Eyes clearly closer to occipital constriction than to mandibular bases: Alloraphes, Brachycepsis, Leptoderoides, Madagaphes, Neuraphes, Parascydmus, Rutaraphes, Scydmoraphes, Stenichnodes, Stenichnus, and Zeanichnus. 2 B. Eyes either closer to mandibular bases than to the occipital constriction, or at middle, or so large that touching or nearly touching both mandibular bases and occipital constriction; or the placement of eye is ambiguous or variable within genus (e. g., because of the occurrence of macrophthalmous species with eyes close to middle and microphthalmous with eyes close to mandibular bases): Catalinus (eyes near middle), Delius (eyes near middle), Magellanoconnus s. str. (eyes clearly closer to mandibular bases), Mexiconnus (eyes slightly closer to mandibular bases), Nogunius (eyes clearly closer to mandibular bases), Obesoconnus (huge eyes occupying entire lateral surface of head), Scydmaenilla (eyes closer to occipital constriction or near middle), Siamites (eyes near middle, or slightly closer to mandibular bases, in microphthalmous specimens adjacent to antennal fossae and clearly closer to mandibular bases). Within group 2 B, Nogunius can be distinguished from all remaining genera by (1) the sharply delimited, dimerous antennal club; (2) antennal fossae narrowly separated at middle by distance narrower than width of scape; (3) anterior margin of the mentum distinctly concave; and (4) the pronotum broadest shortly in front of base. Additionally, Nogunius differs in several features from each of these genera: - from Catalinus in thick bristles present on head and pronotum (lacking in Catalinus); tempora strongly narrowing posterad and forming an even arc with posteriorly convex posterior margin of vertex (in Catalinus, tempora weakly narrowing posterad and delimited by distinct obtuse-angled corners from anteriorly convex posterior margin of vertex); posterior tentorial pits exposed and situated far in front of broad, diffuse transverse impression demarcating ventrally ‘ neck’ region (in Catalinus posterior tentorial pits hidden in deep, narrow, sharply marked transverse groove demarcating ventrally ‘ neck’ region); hypostomal ridges incomplete, short, developed only shortly behind cardines (in Catalinus hypostomal ridges complete, long, posteromesally confluent with transverse groove in which posterior tentorial pits are situated); pronotum with four antebasal pits (pits lacking in Catalinus); hypomeral ridges lacking (in Catalinus incomplete but present); posteromedian margin of prothoracic coxosternum with shallow emargination (in Catalinus with subtriangular projection); basal elytral fovea situated near middle of elytral articulating lobe, distant from sutural margin (in Catalinus close to sutural margin); mesoventral intercoxal process broad and behind mesocoxae indistinguishably fused with metaventrite (in Catalinus process narrow and reaching only to middle of mesocoxae, where it forms a distinct posterior tip separated from metaventrite); and in symmetrical endophallic structures (in Catalinus asymmetrical); - from Delius in tempora strongly narrowing posterad and forming an even arc with posteriorly convex posterior margin of vertex (in Delius, tempora weakly narrowing posterad and delimited by distinct obtuse-angled corners from anteriorly convex posterior margin of vertex); hypostomal ridges incomplete, short, developed only shortly behind cardines (in Delius hypostomal ridges complete, long, posteromesally reaching posterior tentorial pits); pronotum with inner antebasal pits not connected by transverse groove (groove present in Delius); hypomeral ridges lacking (in Delius present); basal elytral fovea situated near middle of elytral articulating lobe, distant from sutural margin (in Delius basal elytral fovea close to sutural margin); mesoventral intercoxal process with straight lateral margins gradually diverging from anterior to posterior region (in Delius process distinctly constricted between mesocoxae); and metacoxae laterally reaching sides of metaventrite (in Delius lateral corners of metacoxae are broadly separated from lateral margins of metaventrite); - from Magellanoconnus s. str. in pronotum lacking sublateral carinae (present in Magellanoconnus); hypomeral ridges lacking (in Magellanoconnus present); procoxal cavities closed (open in Magellanoconnus); posteromedian margin of prothoracic coxosternum with shallow emargination (in Magellanoconnus with subtriangular projection); one basal fovea on each elytron (two in Magellanoconnus); mesoventral intercoxal process long, behind mesocoxae fused with metaventrite (in Magellanoconnus process reaching only to middle of mesocoxae, where it forms a distinct posterior tip separated from metaventrite); and anterior metaventral process lacking (in Magellanoconnus present); - from Mexiconnus in head with thick bristles (lacking in Mexiconnus); pronotum lacking transverse antebasal groove (groove present in Mexiconnus); hypomeral ridges lacking (in Mexiconnus present); each elytron with one distinct basal fovea (in Mexiconnus two barely discernible vestiges of foveae); protarsi in males unmodified (strongly broadened and with long and dense ventral setal ‘ cushions’ in Mexiconnus); and aedeagus with symmetrical endophallus and slender, free parameres bearing apical setae (in Mexiconnus endophallus asymmetrical and parameres in basal halves broader than median lobe, with asetose apices); - from Obesoconnus in distinct tempora and distinct occipital constriction (both lacking in Obesoconnus); head and pronotum with thick bristles (absent in Obesoconnus); posterior tentorial pits exposed and situated far in front of broad, diffuse transverse impression demarcating ventrally ‘ neck’ region (in Obesoconnus posterior tentorial pits hidden in a deep, narrow, sharply marked transverse groove demarcating ventrally ‘ neck’ region); pronotum lacking transverse antebasal groove (groove present in Obesoconnus); maxillary palpomere III strongly elongate and with distal half nearly rod-like (stout, evenly subtriangular in Obesoconnus); procoxal cavities closed (open in Obesoconnus); hypomeral ridges absent (present in Obesoconnus); posteromedian emargination of prothoracic coxosternum shallow, barely marked (in Obesoconnus conspicuously deep, reaching nearly half length of prosternum); mesoscutellar shield tiny and barely discernible between elytral bases (in Obesoconnus conspicuously large and well-visible); and aedeagus lacking basal ‘ pumping apparatus’ (in Obesoconnus present, composed of basal diaphragm with sclerotized median area to which internal longitudinal apodeme with longitudinal muscles is attached); - from Scydmaenilla in head with thick bristles (absent in Scydmaenilla); posterior tentorial pits exposed and situated far in front of broad, diffuse transverse impression demarcating ventrally ‘ neck’ region (in Scydmaenilla posterior tentorial pits are hidden in a deep, narrow, sharply marked transverse groove demarcating ventrally ‘ neck’ region); pronotum with two pairs of antebasal pits, lacking transverse groove (in Scydmaenilla one pair of pits and transverse groove are present); postcoxal coxosternal and hypomeral processes firmly fused (in Scydmaenilla posterior hypomeral process overlaps coxosternal process, but margins of each are well discernible); mesoventral intercoxal process long, behind mesocoxae fused with metaventrite (in Scydmaenilla process reaching only to middle of mesocoxae, where it forms a distinct posterior tip separated from metaventrite); and anterior metaventral process lacking (in Scydmaenilla present); - from Siamites in lacking paired, dense tufts of bristles on vertex, prosternum, meso- and metaventrite and posterior margins of abdominal sternites (in Siamites conspicuous tufts or rosettes of bristles present on each of these regions); pre-tentorial gular sutures separated at middle (in Siamites connected between posterior tentorial pits); incomplete, short hypostomal ridges (in Siamites complete, reaching level of posterior tentorial pits); pronotum lacking transverse antebasal groove (in Siamites present); procoxal cavities closed (open in Siamites); hypomeral ridges lacking (present in Siamites); and mesoventral intercoxal process behind mesocoxae fused with metaventrite (in Siamites process forms a distinct posterior tip separated from metaventrite). As two genera are here reported to occur in Japan for the first time, the identification key to Japanese genera of Stenichnini (Cyrtoscydmini then) given by Jałoszyński (2015) must be updated.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	description	(Figs 45 – 46, 53 – 72)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Okinawa Pref.): ♂, two labels: “ JAPAN, OKINAWA Pref. / Okinawa-jima, Mt. Nago-dake / Nago-shi, 7. ix. 2003 / S. Arai leg. (Tullgren) ” [white, printed], “ NOGUNIUS / sokani m. / HO- LOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (NSMT). Paratypes (2 exx.): 1 ♀, “ [Okinawa: RYUKYU] / Haneji (100 m alt.) / NW of Mt. Tanodake / Nago 25. X. 1987 / Y. Nishikawa leg ” (EUMJ); 1 ♀ (disarticulated, mounted in Canada balsam), “ JAPAN, OKINAWA island / Nago City, Nago Castle Site, ∼ 100 m, 11.02.2019 / humid forest, Nature Path / leg. P. Jałoszyński ” (cPJ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes in male conspicuously large, in dorsal view slightly longer than tempora; aedeagus in ventral view about three times as long as broad, with apical margin indistinctly bisinuate.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 45) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.80 mm. Head (Fig. 46) broadest at eyes, HL 0.13 mm, HW 0.18 mm; tempora in dorsal view slightly shorter than eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye large, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 24 large facets of equal diameters. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with thick bristles; additionally two long lateral setae can be seen on the posterior margin of vertex. Antennae slender, AnL 0.35 mm, antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each about as long as broad or indistinctly transverse, IX distinctly larger than VIII, slightly transverse, X much larger than IX, strongly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower and slightly longer than X, about as long as broad. Pronotum subconical with strongly rounded sides, broadest shortly in front of base; PL 0.23 mm, PW 0.20 mm. Anterior and posterior margins weakly convex, base with two pairs of small, distinct pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, short, suberect; sides, especially posteriorly, with sparse, thick bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest indistinctly in front of middle; EL 0.45 mm, EW 0.35 mm, EI 1.29; humeral calli weakly elevated, basal impressions large, deep, nearly circular; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae slightly longer and denser than those on pronotum, suberect. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 69 – 72) elongate, in ventral view about three times as long as broad; AeL 0.13 mm; median lobe in ventral view broadest in sub-basal region, with weakly rounded sides slightly narrowing toward truncate apex, apical margin indistinctly bisinuate, with weakly marked median projection; in lateral view median lobe distinctly curved, with ventral subapical projection; parameres slender, each with one long apical and one long subapical seta. Female similar to male, but with distinctly smaller, less convex eyes, each composed of 17 ommatidia; antennae slightly shorter in relation to body, and elytra slightly stouter. BL 0.83 mm; HL 0.15 mm, HW 0.15 mm, AnL 0.30 mm; PL 0.25 mm, PW 0.23 mm; EL 0.43 mm, EW 0.35 mm, EI 1.21.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Yambaru, i. e., the northern, forested region of Okinawa-jima (Fig. 85).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective sokani is in honor of Noguni Sôkan. For details, see the etymology of Nogunius.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8DFF9E9BEDFE07FADEFE5A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Species of Nogunius are morphologically uniform and it is difficult to identify them by external characters. Males of Nogunius sokani have remarkably large eyes, in dorsal view slightly longer than tempora; only males of N. aogashimanus have comparably large eyes. All remaining species of Nogunius have eyes clearly shorter than tempora. Nogunius sokani inhabits Okinawa-jima, the main island of the Ryukyus, ∼ 1,300 km SW of the small island of Aogashima of the Izu archipelago, where N. aogashimanus occurs. The eyes of N. sokani are slightly larger and slightly more convex than those in N. aogashimanus, and the aedeagi, although similar, differ markedly in the apical region of the median lobe. In ventral view, the aedeagal apex in N. sokani is truncate with only an indistinct trace of a median projection, whereas that in N. aogashimanus has a subtriangular median projection.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	description	(Figs 47 – 48, 73 – 76)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Tokyo Pref.): ♂, two labels: “ [Izu Is.] / Yasundogô / Aogashima / 24. V. 1979 / J. Okuma ” [white, handwritten], “ NOGUNIUS / aogashimanus m. / HOLOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (EUMJ). Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as for holotype (EUMJ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes in male conspicuously large, in dorsal view as long as tempora; aedeagus in ventral view about three times as long as broad, with apical margin bearing a large median subtriangular projection.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 47) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.83 mm. Head (Fig. 48) broadest at eyes, HL 0.15 mm, HW 0.18 mm; tempora in dorsal view as long as eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye large, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 27 facets, ommatidia are small in dorsal 1 / 3 of eye and becoming gradually larger toward median area, to decrease in diameter in ventral 1 / 3. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with thick bristles. Antennae slender, AnL 0.33 mm, antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each about as long as broad or indistinctly transverse, IX distinctly larger than VIII, slightly transverse, X much larger than IX, strongly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower and slightly longer than X, about as long as broad. Pronotum subconical with strongly rounded sides, broadest shortly in front of base; PL 0.23 mm, PW 0.20 mm. Anterior and posterior margins weakly convex, base with two pairs of small, distinct pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, short, suberect; sides, especially posteriorly, with sparse, thick bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest indistinctly in front of middle; EL 0.45 mm, EW 0.35 mm, EI 1.29; humeral calli weakly elevated, basal impressions large, deep, nearly circular; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae slightly longer and denser than those on pronotum, suberect. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 73 – 76) elongate, in ventral view about three times as long as broad; AeL 0.10 mm; median lobe in ventral view broadest in basal region, with nearly straight sides slightly narrowing toward truncate apex, apical margin at middle with large, subtriangular projection; parameres slender, each with one long apical and one long subapical seta. Female similar to male, but with distinctly smaller, less convex eyes, each composed of 10 ommatidia; antennae slightly shorter in relation to body. BL 0.80 mm; HL 0.15 mm, HW 0.18 mm, AnL 0.28 mm; PL 0.23 mm, PW 0.20 mm; EL 0.43 mm, EW 0.33 mm, EI 1.31.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Aogashima, the southernmost inhabited island of the Izu archipelago (Fig. 85).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Aogashima island.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9E9BEDFE1DFAEAF916.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nogunius aogashimanus is most similar to N. sokani; see remarks under the latter species.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	description	(Figs 49 – 50, 77 – 80)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Okinawa Pref.): ♂, two labels: “ Mt. OMOTO-DAKE / Ishigaki Is. / Okinawa Pref. / 3 - VI- 1999 / H. Mizushima leg ” [white, handwritten], “ NOGUNIUS / kerri m. / HOLOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (EUMJ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes in male small, in dorsal view only half as long as tempora; aedeagus in ventral view about three times as long as broad, with apical margin bearing an elongate median subtrapezoidal projection.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 49) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae slightly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.83 mm. Head (Fig. 50) broadest at eyes, HL 0.15 mm, HW 0.16 mm; tempora in dorsal view about twice as long as eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye small, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 13 facets of equal diameters. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with thick bristles; additionally posterior margin of vertex with a pair of long lateral setae. Antennae slender, AnL 0.35 mm, antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each about as long as broad or indistinctly transverse, IX distinctly larger than VIII, slightly transverse, X much larger than IX, strongly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower and slightly longer than X, about as long as broad. Pronotum subconical with strongly rounded sides, broadest shortly in front of base; PL 0.23 mm, PW 0.20 mm. Anterior and posterior margins weakly convex, base with two pairs of small, distinct pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, short, suberect; sides, especially posteriorly, with sparse, thick bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest indistinctly in front of middle; EL 0.45 mm, EW 0.33 mm, EI 1.38; humeral calli weakly elevated, basal impressions large, deep, nearly circular; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae slightly longer and denser than those on pronotum, suberect. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 77 – 80) elongate, in ventral view about three times as long as broad; AeL 0.13 mm; median lobe in ventral view nearly parallel-sided in proximal 2 / 3, then slightly narrowing toward truncate apex, apex at middle with large, elongate subtrapezoidal projection; parameres slender, each with one long apical and one long subapical seta. Female unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Ishigaki-jima island of the Yaeyama group of the Ryukyus (Fig. 85).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is dedicated to George H. Kerr, author of “ Okinawa: The History of an Island People ”, a book that introduced me into the fascinating history and rich culture of the Ryukyu Islands.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8AFF9F9BEDF8CAFC16FAFA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nogunius kerri is the only species of this genus known to occur in the Yaeyama Islands. The body of male is stouter than that of all remaining species, and the eyes are conspicuously small, similar only to those of N. fukuuzanus. The latter species occurs on Okinawa-jima, ∼ 470 km NE of Ishigaki-jima, and males of the latter species are distinctly slenderer, including a narrower head, and have conspicuously elongate aedeagus, which is over five times as long as broad (only three times as long as broad in N. kerri).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	description	(Figs 51 – 52, 81 – 84)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: JAPAN (Okinawa Pref.): ♂, three labels: „ IE-RINDOH / Kunigami / <OKINAWA> “ [white, handwritten], „ 14 - iii. 1985 / S. NOMURA “ [white, handwritten], “ NOGUNIUS / fukuuzanus m. / HOLOTYPUS, P. JAŁOSZYŃSKI, 2020 ” [red, printed] (NSMT).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes in male small, in dorsal view slightly longer than half length of tempora; aedeagus in ventral view conspicuously slender, over five times as long as broad, nearly tubular, with subtriangular distal region narrowly rounded at apex.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	description	Description. Body of male (Fig. 51) strongly convex, uniformly light brown, covered with setae slightly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.80 mm. Head (Fig. 52) broadest at eyes, HL 0.15 mm, HW 0.15 mm; tempora in dorsal view about 1.5 × as long as eyes; vertex and frons confluent, together weakly convex; each eye small, strongly convex, bean-shaped, with distinct posteromedian emargination, composed of 19 facets of equal diameters. Punctures on vertex fine, inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect; tempora and posterior margin of vertex densely covered with thick bristles. Antennae slender, AnL 0.30 mm, antennomeres I and II each strongly elongate, III – VIII each about as long as broad or indistinctly transverse, IX distinctly larger than VIII, slightly transverse, X much larger than IX, strongly transverse, XI indistinctly narrower and slightly longer than X, about as long as broad. Pronotum subconical with strongly rounded sides, broadest shortly in front of base; PL 0.20 mm, PW 0.20 mm. Anterior and posterior margins weakly convex, base with two pairs of small, distinct pits. Punctures on pronotal disc fine, inconspicuous; setae sparse, short, suberect; sides, especially posteriorly, with sparse, thick bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest indistinctly in front of middle; EL 0.45 mm, EW 0.30 mm, EI 1.50; humeral calli weakly elevated, basal impressions large, deep, nearly circular; apices separately rounded. Punctures inconspicuous; setae slightly longer and denser than those on pronotum, suberect. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 81 – 84) extremely elongate, in ventral view slightly more than five times as long as broad; AeL 0.18 mm; median lobe in ventral view with shallowly concave sides in slightly more than proximal half, distally gradually narrowing towards subtriangular and rounded apex; parameres slender, each with one long apical and one long subapical seta. Female unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Yambaru, i. e., the northern, forested region of Okinawa-jima (Fig. 85).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after Hokuzan (Fukuuzan in Kunigami language), one of three historical kingdoms of the 14 th century Okinawa, the one where the Kunigami District is located.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
525F87CCFF8BFF909BEDFABCFD2FF80F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nogunius fukuuzanus has males slightly slenderer than those of remaining congeners, with EI 1.5, whereas in other species EI equals 1.21 – 1.38. Pronota in remaining species are indistinctly elongate, with PL / PW ranging from 1.11 to 1.13, versus 1.0 in P. fukuuzanus. The most striking character of this species is its exceptionally slender and long aedeagus, much longer in relation to body than in any other species, and nearly tubular, in ventral view with slightly concave sides in submedian region.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2020): Himaloconnus Franz and Nogunius gen. n. of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa 4822 (3): 334-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.2
