identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
523387B666261B10366C828BB8A866A1.text	523387B666261B10366C828BB8A866A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria , Hoffman 1971	<div><p>BRACHORIA TAXONOMY</p> <p>CLASS DIPLOPODA DE BLAINVILLE IN GERVAIS, 1844 ORDER POLYDESMIDA POCOCK, 1887 FAMILY XYSTODESMIDAE COOK, 1895 SUBFAMILY XYSTODESMINAE HOFFMAN, 1978 TRIBE APHELORIINI HOFFMAN, 1980 GENUS BRACHORIA CHAMBERLIN, 1939 COMMON NAME: ‘THE APPALACHIAN MIMIC MILLIPEDES’</p> <p>Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939. Type species: B. initialis Chamberlin, 1939: 3; by original designation.</p> <p>Synonyms: Tucoria Chamberlin, 1939, synonymized by Keeton, 1959; Anfractogon Hoffman, 1948, synonymized by Chamberlin &amp; Hoffman, 1958. These taxa were established based on gonopodal morphology: Tucoria for species with bulky and enlarged gonopods (B. calceata, Brachoria kentuckiana, Brachoria splendida, and B. viridicolens) and Anfractogon for certain populations of B. ochra with bifurcate acropodal apices. I agree with synonymy of these genera in Brachoria – specifically Tucoria is not monophyletic, and similar ranges of acropodal modification, including bifurcation, are present within other species of Brachoria.</p> <p>Species: Brachoria badbranchensis sp. nov.; B. blackmountainensis sp. nov.; B. calceata (Causey, 1955); B. campcreekensis sp. nov.; B. cedra Keeton, 1959; B. conta Keeton, 1965; B. cumberlandmountainensis sp. nov.; B. dentata Keeton, 1959; B. divicuma Keeton, 1965; B. electa Causey, 1955; B. enodicuma Keeton, 1965; B. evides (Bollman, 1887); B. flammipes sp. nov.; B. glendalea (Chamberlin, 1918); B. gracilipes (Chamberlin, 1947); B. grapevinensis sp. nov.; B. guntermountainensis sp. nov.; B. hansonia Causey, 1950; B. hendrixsoni sp. nov.; B. hoffmani Keeton, 1959; B. hubrichti Keeton, 1959; B. indianae (Bollman, 1888); B. initialis Chamberlin, 1939; B. insolita Keeton, 1959; B. kentuckiana (Causey, 1942); B. laminata Keeton, 1959; B. ligula Keeton, 1959; B. mendota Keeton, 1959; B. ochra (Chamberlin, 1918); B. plecta Keeton, 1959; B. sheari sp. nov.; B. splendida (Causey, 1942); B. virginia sp. nov.; B. viridicolens Hoffman, 1948.</p> <p>Tribal affiliation: Brachoria is placed with other taxa in the tribe Apheloriini based on the following characters: Male gonopodal characters: Telopodite-coxa joint articulated at 180° angle. Prefemoral process present, short and stout; or absent, never long, or acicular. See also diagnoses of Apheloriini in Shelley &amp; Whitehead (1986: 205) and Hoffman (1980: 187).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Large (4–6 cm in length), broad, ‘flatbacked’ millipedes. Bright aposematic coloration in yellow, orange, red, violet that commonly mimics other sympatric apheloriine genera. Brachoria individuals frequently mimic the yellow and black spots or alternating yellow and black bands of Apheloria (Marek &amp; Bond, 2009). Members of the genus Brachoria are distinct from other apheloriine genera based on the following combination of characters. Male exoskeletal characters: collum with carinae present on anterolateral margins, absent medially; carinae rarely completely absent. Caudolateral corners of paranota usually rounded cephalically on anterior body rings (1–4), acute, projecting caudally (beyond paranotal caudal edge) throughout posterior body rings (11–19); or acute, projecting caudally on all body rings (1–19) in B. guntermountainensis, B. ochra, and B. initialis. Male gonopodal characters: distinct cingulum present (Fig. 2, cg). Cingulum proximal (located distance less than half length of acropodite distally from coxa), or distal (located distance greater than half length of acropodite distally from coxa). Note: other apheloriine genera lack a cingulum, except for individuals in the genus Appalachioria, see below for distinguishing characters between individuals in the genera Brachoria and Appalachioria. Prostatic groove (Fig. 2, ps) located marginally on acropodal base. Acropodite occasionally bulky (in ten out of 34 species); width greater than tibia on leg pair nine (species with bulky gonopods: B. splendida, Fig. 2; B. blackmountainensis, B. calceata, B. campcreekensis, B. cumberlandmountainensis, B. kentuckiana, B. laminata, B. plecta, B. sheari, and B. viridicolens). Acropodite distal zone surface usually directed anterolaterally, twisted one-quarter turn clockwise; or occasionally directed posterolaterally, twisted one-quarter turn counterclockwise. Note: individuals of Brachoria may be confused with Apheloria and Appalachioria, but can be distinguished from Apheloria by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum (Fig. 2A–C, cg); acropodite, when viewed ventrally C- or D-shaped, acropodal apex not coiled, or overlapping prefemoral region, not circular. Individuals of Brachoria can be distinguished from Appalachioria by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): collum with carinae present on anterolateral margins, absent medially; caudolateral corners of paranota usually rounded cephalically on anterior body rings (1–4) and acute, projecting caudally (beyond paranotal caudal edge) throughout posterior body rings (11–19); not rounded on all segments (1–19) as in Appalachioria.</p> <p>Distribution: Predominately distributed in the Valley and Ridge and Cumberland Plateau provinces from southern West Virginia to north-eastern Kentucky, south to eastern Tennessee, and south-western Virginia (Fig. 1). The range of the genus extends into the historically unglaciated south-eastern corner of Indiana, north-eastern Mississippi and Alabama, and north-western Georgia. The species B. initialis is broadly distributed in the coastal plain in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana (extending west of the Mississippi River).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria are predominately found in Appalachian mixed mesophytic deciduous forests (B. cedra sometimes occur in cedar glades) beneath decomposing leaf material on the forest floor. Individuals are less frequently encountered in Tsuga canadensis, Rhododendron coves.</p> <p>BRACHORIA BADBRANCHENSIS SP. NOV.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B666261B10366C828BB8A866A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B6663D1B0D34DF85A6BEB962AE.text	523387B6663D1B0D34DF85A6BEB962AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria cedra Keeton 1959	<div><p>BRACHORIA CEDRA KEETON, 1959</p> <p>‘THE CEDAR GLADE MIMIC MILLIPEDE’ (FIG. 8A–D,</p> <p>FIG. 39K–M; SUPPORTING INFORMATION VIDEO S1)</p> <p>Brachoria cedra Keeton, 1959: 17. Keeton, 1965: 85; Hoffman, 1971: 233.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. cedra are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Size. Body length on average smaller than other species (♂ 37.49, ♀ 38.68). Colour. Three-spotted, yellow metatergal spots, paranotal spots, anterior and posterior collum spots, legs (Fig. 39K). Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–4 slightly rounded, lateral margins angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, half width of tibia on leg pair 9, of uniform width throughout. Prefemur with thin, sharp prefemoral process. Acropodite curved medially in D-shaped form (Fig. 8D). Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum slightly elbowed. Acropodal apex projecting laterally. Acropodite distal to postcingular arc bent 90°, with curved acuminate apex (Fig. 8D, arrow).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria cedra is known from three areas in Wise, Norton City, and Lee Counties (6♂ and 4♀ represent specimens throughout this range). There is some variation in coloration amongst these specimens with an orange variant (Fig. 39M) of the common three-spotted morph and a two-spotted yellow morph (Fig. 39L), both of which are less common than the three-spotted yellow morph. Measurements: ♂ (N = 6) BL = 33.56–40.78 (37.49/2.69). CW = 6.85–7.70 (7.34/0.33). IW = 4.60–5.09 (4.85/0.17). ISW = 1.28– 1.60 (1.45/0.12). B10W = 9.10–10.49 (9.92/0.58). B10H = 5.55–6.25 (5.93/0.28). ♀ (N = 4) BL = 37.76– 39.92 (38.68/0.93). CW = 7.10–7.72 (7.28/0.29). IW = 5.29–5.60 (5.42/0.13). ISW = 1.67–1.81 (1.74/ 0.06). B10W = 9.71–11.00 (10.21/0.59). B10H = 6.66– 7.57 (7.06/0.38).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria cedra was previously only known from the cedar glades around Jonesville in Lee County; however, I found a disjunct population around High Knob in the tulip and maple deciduous forests there, and later in other localities in Lee County. All specimens were collected during the day in either cedar forests (Juniperus virginiana L.) or mixed mesophytic deciduous forests. At the cedar glade localities, individuals were found beneath layers of decomposing cedar leaves. Brachoria cedra normally occurred beneath cedar duff on the plate-like dolomitic limestone. One other xystodesmid encountered sympatrically at this locality is A. v. corrugata, which has a strong mimetic resemblance to B. cedra. At the other localities, B. cedra was found beneath decomposing leaves of broadleaf species like maple, tulip, and oak. Note: individuals of B. cedra may easily be confused in the field with A. v. corrugata, B. dentata, B. insolita, B. mendota, B. sheari, and B. hoffmani because of similarity in colour patterns (around High Knob all of these species, except B. sheari and B. mendota, can be found as mimics), but can be distinguished from the other Brachoria by the diagnostic characters and from A. v. corrugata by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): Acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum. Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum slightly elbowed. Acropodite not circular like in A. v. corrugata.</p> <p>Distribution: Known from four areas in south-western Virginia from Edd’s Mill in south-western Lee County, north-east through the cedar glades and Lovelady Gap, to the highlands around High Knob in Norton City and Wise Counties. Brachoria cedra co-occurs with B. dentata, B. insolita, B. mendota, B. sheari, and B. hoffmani forming a component of a Müllerian mimicry ring with them.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (USNM) from Lee County, Virginia, cedar glades near Jonesville, v.1955 (coll: L. Carr) (vidi). Nontype specimens. Virginia: 1♂ (SPC000276*: DQ 490680), Lee County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.1839&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.66032" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.1839/lat 36.66032)">The Cedars</a>, CR656, 1.6 rd km south US 58, telephone line clearcut (36.66032°N, - 83.18390°W, 408 m), 28.v.2004, 10:45 (coll: P. Marek); 1♀ (MMC0277), Lee County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.20165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.65624" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.20165/lat 36.65624)">The Cedars</a>, CR-738 (36.65624°N, - 83.20165°W, 436 m), 28.ix.2006, 16:00 (colls: P. and B. Marek); 1♂ (MMC0280), 1♀ (MMC0277), Lee County, Lovelady Gap, CR 619 (36.763661°N, - 82.88194°W, 815 m), 27.ix.2006, 12:15 (coll: P. and B. Marek); 1♂ (PMLN00027), Lee County, west of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0593&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7256" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0593/lat 36.7256)">Long Hollow School</a> (36.725600°N, - 83.05930°W), 30.v.1990 (coll: J. Fulks); 1♂ (MMC0349), 1♀ (MMC0338), Lee County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.63098" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35825/lat 36.63098)">Edd’s Mill</a> (36.63098°N, - 83.35825°W, 395 m), 29.ix.2006, 15:00 (coll: P. Marek); 1♂ (SPC000273), Wise County, Stone Mountain, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.60513&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.89532" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.60513/lat 36.89532)">Eagle Knob</a>, FR238, east of curve in road (36.895321°N, - 82.60513°W, 777 m), 27.v.2004, 19:30 (coll: P. Marek); 1♂ (MMC0029), 1♀ (MMC0024) Wise County, Osborn Rock, FR 238 (36.894991°N, - 82.59027°W, 1145 m), 17.viii.2006, 9:00 (colls: P. Marek and C. Spruill).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B6663D1B0D34DF85A6BEB962AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B6663A1B0C34E3853DBFF5644D.text	523387B6663A1B0C34E3853DBFF5644D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria conta Keeton 1965	<div><p>BRACHORIA CONTA KEETON, 1965</p> <p>‘THE GREGORY HOLLOW MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 9A–D, 39N)</p> <p>Brachoria conta Keeton, 1965: 225.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. conta are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Three-spotted (Fig. 39N), yellow (2.5Y 8.5/8) paranotal spots, anterior collum spot, legs; metatergal spots pink (5Y 7/8). Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–8 rounded, lateral margins angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, threequarters width of tibia on leg pair 9, narrowed distally beyond cingulum by two-thirds. Prefemur with flat bidentate prefemoral process (Fig. 9A, C, arrows). Acropodite bent medially at 25°, one-quarter its length from prefemur. Acropodite curved cephalically 45° in half C-shape form (Fig. 9A). Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum orientated anterolaterally. Acropodal apex twisted 90°, projecting anteriorly (Fig. 9C).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria conta is known only from the type locality and seven specimens (1♂, the type, collected in 1961, and 2♂ and 4♀ collected in 2005). There is some variation in coloration amongst these specimens with two less frequent variants of the common three-spotted morph: small orange metatergal spots (SPC000565) and two-spotted, with yellow paranotal spots only (SPC000644). Measurements: ♂ (N = 3) BL = 42.06– 44.27 (42.92/1.18). CW = 7.20–7.85 (7.80/0.08). IW = 5.19–5.39 (5.29/0.10). ISW = 1.59–1.62 (1.60/0.02). B10W = 10.39–10.64 (10.53/0.13). B10H = 6.40–6.66 (6.54/0.13). ♀ (N = 4) BL = 42.86–47.71 (44.65/2.21). CW = 7.61–8.22 (7.89/0.31). IW = 5.50–5.90 (5.69/ 0.18). ISW = 1.80–1.88 (1.83/0.04). B10W = 11.10– 11.88 (11.38/0.35). B10H = 7.58–8.30 (7.87/0.32).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Keeton (1965).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria conta specimens were collected during the day (15:00) in a mixed pine, maple, and birch forest near the road (US-60). Individuals were found under a carpet of Lycopodium and beneath layers of decaying leaf material, predominately maple and birch. I observed many more females than males at the site, at a ratio of about 7:1. Apheloria v. corrugata was encountered sympatrically, but differed in coloration. Note: individuals of B. conta may be confused in the field with Rudiloria guyandotta (whose range overlaps with B. conta, but was not found co-occurring) because of similarity in colour patterns, but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum.</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from the type locality. The closest known Brachoria species, B. plecta occurs 83 air km south-west in Powell County, Kentucky.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (USNM) from Carter County, Kentucky, 5 miles (8 km) west of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0576&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.33792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0576/lat 38.33792)">Grayson</a>, 22.iv.1961 (colls: R. W. and V. G. Barker), ‘in life paranotal spots creamy yellow, median spots flesh or salmon.’ (vidi). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0576&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.33792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0576/lat 38.33792)">Nontype</a> specimens. Kentucky: 2♂ (SPC000640*: DQ490680, SPC000641), 4♀ (SPC000565, 642–44), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0576&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.33792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0576/lat 38.33792)">Carter County</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0576&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.33792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0576/lat 38.33792)">Gregoryville</a>, US-60, about 0.3 rd km west of junction with <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0576&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.33792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0576/lat 38.33792)">Gregory Hollow</a>, and about 12 rd km west of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.0576&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.33792" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.0576/lat 38.33792)">Grayson</a> (38.33792°N, - 83.05760°W, 231 m), 29.vi.2005, 15:00 (coll: P. Marek).</p> <p>BRACHORIA CUMBERLANDMOUNTAINENSIS SP. NOV.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B6663A1B0C34E3853DBFF5644D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B666341B023789820EBF2560B7.text	523387B666341B023789820EBF2560B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria electa Causey 1955	<div><p>BRACHORIA ELECTA CAUSEY, 1955</p> <p>‘THE KENTUCKY RIVER MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 13A–D, FIG. 40A) Brachoria electa Causey, 1955: 25. Keeton, 1959: 20. The close similarities mentioned by Keeton (1959) between B. electa and B. ochra do not appear to be synapomorphic. Instead, B. electa is more closely related to B. divicuma than it is to B. ochra, and does not warrant subspecific status of the latter.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. electa are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Striped (Fig. 40A), yellow (2.5Y 8.5/8) metatergal stripes, anterior collum spot, legs (2.5Y 8/12). Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–4 rounded, lateral margins angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, half width of tibia on leg pair 9, of uniform width throughout. Prefemur with thin, sharp prefemoral process. Acropodite not bent medially, projecting straight from prefemur. Cingulum well defined, deep (Fig. 13C, arrow). Acropodite bent at cingulum cephalically 45°. Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum slightly elbowed. Acropodal apex projecting laterally. Arc projecting straight, not curved, anterolaterally. Acropodal apex bent 90°, with recurved zig-zag apex (Fig. 13B). Note: B. electa is similar in appearance to B. cedra in gonopodal form. However, the acropodite of B. electa projects straight from the prefemur (Fig. 13A), whereas in B. cedra it is curved out in a C-shaped form (Fig. 8A). The apex of B. electa has a distinct recurved zig-zag apex (Fig. 13B), where in B. cedra the apex is simpler and not zig-zagged (Fig. 8B).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria electa is known only from the type locality in Tyrone, Kentucky and one locality in Mercer County. There is some variation in coloration amongst these specimens with one less frequent variant of the common striped morph: small yellow metatergal spots, in addition to the metatergal stripes. Measurements: ♂ (N = 4) BL = 38.27–38.58 (38.43/0.22). CW = 7.00–7.48 (7.25/0.20). IW = 4.41– 5.00 (4.71/0.25). ISW = 1.28–1.52 (1.38/0.10). B10W = 8.69–9.91 (9.35/0.50). B10H = 5.20–6.10 (5.61/0.38). ♀ (N = 3) BL = 38.18–40.25 (38.97/1.12). CW = 7.55–7.75 (7.65/0.10). IW = 5.49–5.60 (5.56/ 0.06). ISW = 1.60–1.70 (1.63/0.06). B10W = 10.33– 10.80 (10.51/0.26). B10H = 6.70–7.50 (7.03/0.42).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Causey (1955); redescribed by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria electa specimens were collected during the day (13:00) from a maple, birch, oak, and tulip poplar forest. Individuals were found in the small valley of Wildcat Creek, which runs into the Kentucky River. One other xystodesmid encountered sympatrically at this locality is A. v. corrugata, which appears similar in coloration with B. electa. Note: individuals of B. electa may easily be confused in the field with A. v. corrugata because of similarity in colour patterns, but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): Acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum. Acropodite not circular as in A. v. corrugata. Acropodite projecting straight from the prefemur, whereas in A. v. corrugata it is strongly curved out in a circular coil. (Although B. calceata and B. electa were both recorded from Tyrone, I have never found them together. It is likely that they co-occur; however, they may have different ecological requirements that preclude them from sharing the same habitat.)</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from the type locality and one place, 23.76 km south-east in Mercer County, Kentucky, both of which are very close to the Kentucky River. The closest known Brachoria species, B. calceata, co-occurs with B. electa at their type localities.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (AMNH) from Anderson County, Kentucky, Tyrone, 28.iv.1892 (coll: H. Garman) (vidi). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.7254&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.8269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.7254/lat 37.8269)">Nontype</a> specimens. Kentucky: 2♂ (SPC000613*: EU127860, SPC000617), 3♀ (SPC000618, 19, 23), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.7254&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.8269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.7254/lat 37.8269)">Anderson County</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.7254&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.8269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.7254/lat 37.8269)">Tyrone</a>, KY-1510, about 4 rd km south-southeast of junction with US-62, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.7254&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.8269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.7254/lat 37.8269)">Wildcat Creek</a> (38.02163°N, - 84.83765°W, 184 m), 26.vi.2005, 13:00 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂ (PMLN0019), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.7254&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.8269" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.7254/lat 37.8269)">Mercer County</a>, Kentucky River bluff, 1.6 km north-east of Shakertown (37.8269°N, - 84.7254°W, 259 m), 1.v.1954 (coll: L. Hubricht).</p> <p>BRACHORIA ENODICUMA KEETON, 1965</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B666341B023789820EBF2560B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B666331B3934DC87F6BF376586.text	523387B666331B3934DC87F6BF376586.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria flammipes Marek 2010	<div><p>BRACHORIA FLAMMIPES SP. NOV.</p> <p>‘THE FIRE- FOOTED MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 16A–D, FIG. 40F–G)</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. flammipes are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Striped (Fig. 40F), yellow metatergal stripes, collum stripe, legs. Striped (Fig. 40G), red metatergal stripes, collum stripe, legs. Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–8 rounded, lateral margins 1–4 angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, ~seven-tenths width of tibia on leg pair 9, distinctly narrowed halfway until apex. Prefemur without prefemoral process, or with tiny thorn-like process. Acropodite bent anteromedially at 50°, at cingulum, one-quarter of its length from prefemur (Fig. 16C). Distinctly narrowed distal portion, meathook-like, curved dorsally (Fig. 16B). Acropodal apex projected posterolaterally, sinuate, acuminate tip slightly curved dorsally (Fig. 16B, arrow). Note: B. flammipes and B. dentata appear similar as a result of close evolutionary relationship. However, the two can be distinguished by the form of the gonopods and phylogenetic location. Specifically, B. flammipes has an unadorned meathook-like acropodite distal beyond the cingulum, whereas B. dentata has a single (or double in some Kentucky populations), stout sawtooth projection ventromedially at the base of the narrowed distal portion (Fig. 11B, arrow). In addition, the acropodite of B. flammipes is bent anteromedially at 50°, at the cingulum, one-quarter of its length from the prefemur (Fig. 39V); whereas in B. dentata the acropodite is bent anteromedially at a smaller angle (45°), one-eighth of its length from the prefemur (Fig. 11C). Although colour should be met with suspicion as a diagnostic character in Brachoria, generally B. dentata are either two-spotted or three-spotted and B. flammipes striped.</p> <p>Description: Holotype (♂) FMNH-INS43068 – measurements: BL = 45.87. CW = 7.77. IW = 5.30. ISW = 1.50. B10W = 10.40. B10H = 6.55. AL = 2.20. Head: antennae extending backwards to middle of third tergite, relative antennomere lengths 2&gt; 3&gt; 5&gt; 4&gt; 6&gt; 1&gt; 7. Tergites: collum with curved cephalic edge, tapering laterally. Collum without carina present on anterior margin. Paranota 1–8 with caudolateral corners rounded, lateral margins 1–4 angled cephalically. Paranotal dorsal surface tightly wrinkled, appearing leathery. Ozopores orientated dorsolaterally. Paranota with anterodorsal corner scooped out. Gonapophyses goblet-shaped apically. Pleural tubercle absent. Sterna without posteriorprojecting spines, with flat caudal margin. Sterna 2–8 sparsely setose (Ể ten setae), sterna 9–18 without setae, ventral surface smooth. Gonopods: in situ configuration– acropodite projected ventrally, bent anteriorly at 50°, at cingulum, one-quarter of its length from prefemur (Fig. 16C). Distinctly narrowed distal portion, meathook-like, curved dorsally (Fig. 16B). Acropodal apex projected posterolaterally, sinuate, acuminate tip slightly curved dorsally. Terminal arc of acropodite orientated anterolaterally. Left, right acropodites crossed midlength, appearing intertwined. Telopodites – prefemur with tiny thornlike process, ~1/32 length of acropodite, equal to its width at its base. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, ~seven-tenths width of tibia on leg pair 9, distinctly narrowed halfway until apex. Acropodite with ventrobasal surface facing medially, flat without flange or swelling. Acropodite base without spines on dorsal surface. Acropodal basal and apical ventral surfaces not coplanar, apical surface rounded, facing laterally; anterior twist well defined, acropodite immediately distal beyond cingulum curved cephalically, apical arc recurved posteriorly. Acropodal ventral surface not swollen, smooth. Acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum. Acropodite distinctly narrowed halfway until apex, about 2.8 ¥ narrower in distal half than basal half at its widest section. Acropodite immediately distal to cingulum equal width to acropodite immediately basal to cingulum. Postcingular region of acropodite without ventromedial or lateral teeth. Acropodal apex projected posterolaterally. Acropodite with postcingular region ~one-quarter of its total length. Anterolateral edge of acropodal postcingular region with small flange (Fig. 16A, arrow). Acropodite with an undivided apex. Acropodal apex narrow, ~one-third width of postcingular region, sinuate acuminate tip slightly curved dorsally (Fig. 16B). Paratype (♀) FMNH-INS43070 – measurements: BL = 43.55. CW = 7.70. IW = 5.87. ISW = 1.65. B10W = 10.25. B10H = 7.20. Cyphopods: cyphopods with receptacle (at its greatest breadth) narrower than prefemur length. Receptacle rectangular, one side slightly wider, widest edge facing anterodorsally. Cyphopodal valves nearly symmetric. Cyphopods with valvular suture wavy, facing laterally.</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria flammipes is known only from the type locality and seven specimens (4♂ and 3♀ from type series collected in 2005). There is some variation in coloration amongst these specimens with three morphs, all striped (red or yellow): (1) striped (Fig. 40F), yellow (10YR 7/12) paranota and anterior collum stripe, orange (7.5YR 6/12) metatergal stripes, legs (1.25YR 4/12); (2) striped, yellow (1.25Y 8/14) paranota, anterior collum stripe, yellow (1.25Y 7/14) metatergal stripes, legs; (3) striped (Fig. 40G), red metatergal stripes, anterior collum spot, legs. There is some variation in length amongst these specimens, specifically I observed two length classes in males: between 45.87–50.05 and 40.71–41.67. Measurements: ♂ (N = 4) BL = 40.71–50.05 (44.58/4.28). CW = 7.29–8.20 (7.70/0.39). IW = 4.98–5.80 (5.27/ 0.38). ISW = 1.40–1.75 (1.52/0.16). B10W = 9.30–10.50 (9.90/0.64). B10H = 5.55–7.10 (6.23/0.73). ♀ (N = 3) BL = 43.55–55.09 (48.60/5.90). CW = 7.70–7.90 (7.82/ 0.10). IW = 5.80–5.89 (5.85/0.05). ISW = 1.65–1.73 (1.69/0.04). B10W = 10.25–11.19 (10.65/0.49). B10H = 7.20–7.70 (7.38/0.28).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria flammipes specimens were collected during the evening (19:00) in a moist forest comprising maple, hemlock, dogwood, sycamore, birch, and tulip poplar trees. Individuals were found on a north-facing slope beneath layers of decomposing leaf material on the side of a trail above (south) Cawood Branch. Other xystodesmids encountered co-occurring with B. flammipes were B. splendida, A. v. corrugata and an undescribed species of Nannaria. Note: individuals of B. flammipes may be confused in the field with B. splendida and A. v. corrugata because of similarity in colour patterns, but can be distinguished from B. splendida by the diagnostic characters (specifically, B. flammipes has a narrow acropodite distally and B. splendida a bulky S-shaped acropodite distally), and from A. v. corrugata by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum; prefemur without prefemoral process, or with tiny thorn-like process; acropodite with distinctly narrowed distal portion, meathooklike, curved dorsally; acropodite not circular like in A. v. corrugata. Nannaria is easy to distinguish; it has an olive drab colour and a body length ~threequarters that of B. flammipes.</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from the type locality. The closest known Brachoria species, B. splendida, co-occurs with B. flammipes at Cawood Recreation Site. Brachoria gracilipes occurs about 17 km east in the town of Pine Mountain, Harlan County, Kentucky.</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet was derived from my first impression of some specimens’ bicoloured legs while collecting them at Cawood. Some individuals’ legs are brilliant orange at the base and bright yellow at the tip, imparting a flame-like appearance. (The specific name is a noun derived from the Latin words: flamma = flame, and pes = foot.)</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (FMNH-INS43068 *: EU127870), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paratypes (FMNH-INS43069, 70), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paratypes (USNM,</p> <p>SPC001086, 1021) from Kentucky, Leslie County, Daniel Boone National Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.3724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.9356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.3724/lat 36.9356)">Cawood Recreation Site</a>, about 5.4 rd km north of junction KY-221 and US-421 (36.93645°N, - 83.37294°W, 404 m), 27.vii.2006, 19:00 (colls: P. and B. Marek). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.3724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.9356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.3724/lat 36.9356)">Nontype</a> specimens. Kentucky: 1♂ (A8705), 1♀ (A8704), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.3724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.9356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.3724/lat 36.9356)">Leslie County</a>, 26.4 km south of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.3724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.9356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.3724/lat 36.9356)">Hyden</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.3724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.9356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.3724/lat 36.9356)">Cawood Recreation Area</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.3724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.9356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.3724/lat 36.9356)">Daniel Boone National Forest</a> (36.9356°N, - 83.3724°W), 11.vi.2001 (coll: R. Shelley). 1♂ (SPC001086), same as type locality, 9.v.2007, 11:00 (colls: P. Marek, D. and M. Beamer, C. Hall).</p> <p>BRACHORIA GLENDALEA (CHAMBERLIN, 1918) ‘THE GLENDALE HILLS MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 17A–D, FIG. 40H)</p> <p>Fontaria glendalea Chamberlin, 1918: 123. Brachoria glendalea – Chamberlin &amp; Hoffman, 1958: 212; Keeton, 1959: 28.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. glendalea are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Two-spotted (Fig. 40H), yellow paranotal spots, anterior collum stripe, legs. Tergites frequently brown, not black (Fig. 40H). Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–4 rounded, lateral margins angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite very narrow, one-third width of tibia on leg pair 9, swollen distally beyond cingulum twofold. Acropodite projecting straight from prefemur, not curved medially before cingulum (Fig. 17A). Acropodite beyond cingulum circularly coiled anteriorly (Fig. 17C, arrow). Acropodite apex tapered distally, with flanged acuminate tip (Fig. 17B, arrow). Note: most species of the genus have brilliantly variable coloration throughout their distribution. However, B. glendalea has the most uniform colour pattern throughout its range of any species in the genus (Fig. 40H).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria glendalea is known from Davidson County south to Maury, Bedford, and Coffee counties. There is negligible variation in coloration and measurements amongst these specimens. Measurements: ♂ (N = 5) BL = 38.30–44.73 (40.51/2.51). CW = 7.55–8.45 (8.03/0.37). IW = 4.79–5.62 (5.19/ 0.34). ISW = 1.45–1.65 (1.53/0.08). B10W = 9.94–11.28 (10.66/0.66). B10H = 5.65–6.70 (6.10/0.43). ♀ (N = 4) BL = 40.39–44.30 (42.72/1.67). CW = 7.35–8.40 (7.90/ 0.44). IW = 5.48–5.89 (5.65/0.17). ISW = 1.75–1.90 (1.81/0.06). B10W = 10.30–11.60 (10.80/0.56). B10H = 6.75–7.60 (7.08/0.39).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Chamberlin (1918); redescribed by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria glendalea specimens were collected during the day (9:30 and 13:00) in two localities: at the type locality, in a disturbed area in Nashville, and at Radnor Lake State Nature Preserve. I found two millipedes within the city limits of Nashville, one of which, a large female, I did not collect. The Nashville locality is a shaded and disturbed gully with Hedera helix L. blanketing a large part of the soil. No other xystodesmids were encountered sympatrically here. Brachoria glendalea from Radnor Lake were found in a maple, birch, and tulip poplar forest in a moist gully. One other xystodesmid encountered co-occurring at the Radnor Lake locality is Falloria mimetica (Chamberlin, 1918). Note: individuals of B. glendalea may be confused in the field with F. mimetica, but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): two-spotted, yellow paranotal spots, anterior collum stripe, legs; F. mimetica has red paranota and purple metatergal stripes; acropodite beyond cingulum circularly coiled anteriorly, F. mimetica has a bulky acropodite, not circularly coiled.</p> <p>Distribution: Known from the Interior Plateau of Tennessee in Davidson County south through Marshall County and into Maury, Bedford, and Coffee counties; and west to Hickman County. The closest known Brachoria species, B. initialis occurs south and east of B. glendalea. Brachoria hubrichti occurs east in the Cumberland Plateau and Sequatchie Valley.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (MCZ), ♂, ♀ paratypes (USNM) from Davidson County, Tennessee, Glendale Hills, 21.iv.1917 (coll: H. Cummins) (vidi paratypus). Nontype specimens. Tennessee: 1♂ (PMLN0165), Bedford County, 14.4 km south of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.4945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.3907" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.4945/lat 35.3907)">Shelbyville</a> (35.3907°N, - 86.4945°W), 8.x.1960 (coll: L. Hubricht). 1♂, 1♀ (A2670), Coffee County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.1015&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.4859" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.1015/lat 35.4859)">Old Stone Fort</a> (35.4859°N, - 86.1015°W), 11.v.1979 (coll: R. Shelley). 1♂ (SPC000481*: EU127850), Davidson County, Nashville, gully draining into <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.79347&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.09468" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.79347/lat 36.09468)">West Fork</a>, near junction of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.79347&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.09468" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.79347/lat 36.09468)">Scenic Dr</a> and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.79347&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.09468" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.79347/lat 36.09468)">Glendale Ln.</a> (36.09468°N, - 86.79347°W, 165 m), 22.v.2005, 9:30 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂ (SPC000484), 1♀ (SPC000489), Davidson County, Radnor Lake State Nature Preserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.80724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.05945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.80724/lat 36.05945)">South Cove Trail</a>, in gully near loop trailhead (36.05945°N, - 86.80724°W, 263 m), 22.v.2005, 13:00 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂ (PMLN0060), Hickman County, Duck River bluff, north of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.4673&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.7891" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.4673/lat 35.7891)">Centerville</a> (35.7891°N, - 87.4673°W), 24.ix.1955 (coll: L. Hubricht). 3♂, 2♀ (A2655), Marshall County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.6923&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.5855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.6923/lat 35.5855)">Henry Horton State Park</a> campground (35.5855°N, - 86.6923°W), 5.v.1979 (coll: R. Shelley).</p> <p>BRACHORIA GRACILIPES (CHAMBERLIN, 1947)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B666331B3934DC87F6BF376586	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B6661D1B2E36658204BE7866A3.text	523387B6661D1B2E36658204BE7866A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria ligula Keeton 1959	<div><p>BRACHORIA LIGULA KEETON, 1959</p> <p>‘THE WELCH TONGUE MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 30A–D, FIG. 41D)</p> <p>Brachoria ligula Keeton, 1959: 40.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. ligula are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Striped (Fig. 41D), lemon-yellow metatergal stripes, anterior collum spot, legs. Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–8 rounded, lateral margins 1–4 angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, seven-tenths width of tibia on leg pair 9, uniform width. Acropodite bent medially at 60°, one-quarter its length from prefemur. Acropodite distal to 60° angle curved cephalically 180° in C-shape form (Fig. 30C). Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum orientated anterolaterally. Acropodal apex, pointed posteriorly, long, rectangular with rounded distal edges (Fig. 30D). Posterior apical corner with thin, tongue-shaped carina (Fig. 30C arrow, hence the name ligula). Note: B. ligula can be distinguished from B. laminata by the presence of the tongue-shaped carina on the posterior apical corner (Fig. 30C, arrow); whereas B. laminata has thin, finshaped carina appressed to the laminate apex (Fig. 29D, bottom arrow).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria ligula is known only from near the type locality and ten specimens (2♂ and 1♀, the type series, collected in 1950, and 3♂ and 4♀ collected in 2004–5). There is some variation in coloration amongst individuals; specifically, a single specimen had a reddish brown tinge on the anterolateral paranotal corners, very similar to A. v. corrugata in the area. There is negligible variation in measurements amongst these specimens. Measurements: ♂ (N = 5) BL = 41.55–43.84 (42.56/0.83). CW = 7.55–8.00 (7.69/0.18). IW = 4.90–5.30 (5.09/ 0.17). ISW = 1.40–1.60 (1.51/0.08). B10W = 10.00– 10.60 (10.20/0.25). B10H = 5.65–6.20 (5.94/0.23). ♀ (N = 3) BL = 42.51–46.01 (44.45/1.78). CW = 7.50–7.70 (7.57/0.12). IW = 5.06–5.50 (5.32/0.23). ISW = 1.50– 1.70 (1.60/0.10). B10W = 10.04–10.60 (10.35/0.28). B10H = 6.70–7.00 (6.84/0.15).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria ligula specimens were collected during the day (13:00) in a forested cove comprising birch, tulip poplar, and maple. Individuals were found beneath layers of decomposing leaf material in close proximity to a large yellowjacket nest. At the other site (near the roadside overlook), individuals were found in a forest comprising rhododendron, maple, hemlock, tulip poplar, and sassafras. Other xystodesmids encountered sympatrically at the first locality are: Sigmoria latior latior (Brölemann, 1900) (two-spotted orange), A. v. corrugata (striped yellow) and Pleuroloma flavipes (three-spotted yellow). Note: individuals of B. ligula may be confused in the field with A. v. corrugata as a result of similarity in colour pattern, but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum; acropodite not circular, without an acuminate apex as in A. v. corrugata.</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from the type locality (sites about 1.2 air km apart). The closest known Brachoria species, B. laminata, B. hoffmani, and B. campcreekensis, occur about 30 air km west, south, and east in Virginia and West Virginia, respectively.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype, 1 ♂, ♀ paratypes (USNM) from McDowell County, West Virginia, 2.08 km east of Premier, 28.vi.1950 (coll: L. Hubricht) (vidi). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.58258&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.42377" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.58258/lat 37.42377)">Nontype</a> specimens. West Virginia: 1♂ (SPC000324*: DQ 490688), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.58258&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.42377" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.58258/lat 37.42377)">McDowell County</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.58258&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.42377" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.58258/lat 37.42377)">Welch</a>, US-52, 0.75 rd km north-east of roadside overlook (37.43356°N, - 81.57610°W, 491 m), 16.viii.2004, 13:33 (coll: P. Marek). 1♀ (SPC000322) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.58258&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.42377" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.58258/lat 37.42377)">McDowell County</a>, Welch, US-52, 125 rd m north-east from water tower, roadside pull-out (37.42377°N, - 81.58258°W, 447 m), 16.viii.2004, 12:00 (coll: P. Marek). 2♂ (SPC000756, 762), 3♀ (SPC000757, 759, 760), ibid., 22.vii.2005, 13:00 (colls: P. Marek and C. Spruill).</p> <p>BRACHORIA MENDOTA KEETON, 1959 ‘THE MENDOTA MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 31A–D, FIG. 41E–I)</p> <p>Brachoria mendota Keeton, 1959: 42. Appalachioria mendota – Marek &amp; Bond, 2006. Brachoria mendota – Marek &amp; Bond, 2007.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. mendota are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Two-spotted (Fig. 41E), red paranotal spots, anterior collum spot, legs. Three-spotted (Fig. 41I), yellow metatergal spots, paranotal spots, anterior and posterior collum spots (usually merged together in an hourglass shape), legs. (Note: these are the most frequent colour morphs. Brachoria mendota has five colour morphs with considerable variation amongst them. Colour can vary wildly and be completely misleading for identification purposes.) Exoskeleton. Paranota with lateral margins 1–4 angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite straplike, four-fifths width of tibia on leg pair 9, tapered to an acuminate apex distally beyond cingulum (Fig. 31C). Prefemur with long, thin icepick-like prefemoral process, one-third length of acropodite (Fig. 31A, C, D). Acropodite projecting straight from prefemur, not curved medially (Fig. 31A). Acropodite bent medially 45° and anteriorly 45°, half its length from prefemur. Acropodal apex bent 90°, with twisted falcate apex (Fig. 31B).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria mendota is widespread throughout the Cumberland Mountains and Valley and Ridges of Tennessee and Virginia. There is considerable variation in coloration and measurements amongst these specimens. There are five colour morphs with substantial variation amongst them: three-spotted yellow (Fig. 41I), and red (Fig. 41G); two-spotted yellow (Fig. 41F) and red (Fig. 41E); and four-spotted yellow (Fig. 41H, i.e. with paranotal, metatergal, prozonal spots). There are regional differences in coloration and measurements amongst three areas: the Valley and Ridges, Cumberland Mountain massif, and Jefferson County, Tennessee. In the Valley and Ridges, individuals tend to be smaller and two-spotted red; whereas, in the Cumberland Mountain area, individuals tend to be larger and threespotted or four-spotted yellow. An apparently disjunct population was recently discovered in Jefferson County, Tennessee with two-spotted red or yellow coloration and wider metatergites than average for northern individuals in Virginia (average width of body ring 10:11.83 for Jefferson County specimens versus 9.99 for predominately Virginia specimens). Measurements: ♂ (N = 8) BL = 37.25–42.90 (40.05/ 2.25). CW = 6.68–8.91 (7.55/0.66). IW = 4.70– 6.00 (5.23/0.40). ISW = 1.30–1.79 (1.56/0.14). B10W = 9.05–12.30 (9.93/1.07). B10H = 5.49–7.50 (6.11/0.63). ♀ (N = 7) BL = 39.37–43.40 (41.22/1.49). CW = 7.24–9.25 (7.88/0.68). IW = 5.47–5.81 (5.61/ 0.15). ISW = 1.50–1.72 (1.68/0.08). B10W = 9.91–11.35 (10.58/0.53). B10H = 6.70–7.20 (6.97/0.16).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria mendota is common in the Appalachian mixed mesophytic deciduous forests of Virginia and Tennessee. Near the type locality, individuals were collected from a maple and oak forest with a understory of Impatiens and Urtica on a steep slope from beneath decaying leaves. Many other xystodesmids co-occur with B. mendota. Note: individuals of B. mendota may easily be confused in the field with A. v. corrugata, Rudiloria kleinpeteri (Hoffman, 1949), B. cedra, and B. dentata because of similarity in colour patterns, but can be distinguished from the other Brachoria by the diagnostic characters and from A. v. corrugata and R. kleinpeteri by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum; prefemur with long, thin icepicklike prefemoral process, one-third length of acropodite; acropodite projecting straight from prefemur, not curved medially (Fig. 31C); acropodite not circular like in A. v. corrugata. On Clinch Mountain, north-east of Gate City, B. mendota and R. kleinpeteri overlap in distribution and have similar coloration. However, A. v. corrugata does not appear similar in this area. However, in the highlands around Cumberland, Wallen, and Powell mountains, R. kleinpeteri is not present and A. v. corrugata appears extremely similar to B. mendota.</p> <p>Distribution: Known from south-western Virginia and north-eastern Tennessee on Clinch Mountain, north-west through Wallen and Powell mountains, to Pennington Gap in Lee County Virginia. There is one, apparently disjunct population 80 air km west in Jefferson County, Tennessee. Brachoria mendota was previously only known from Clinch Mountain from Fugate Gap in Russell County to Gate City in Scott County in Virginia; however, I discovered a population in Jefferson County, Tennessee, 80 km southwest of the nearest known population at Flat Gap in Scott County, Virginia. Later, populations were found at Pennington Gap, Virginia south-east to Snake Hollow on Newman’s Ridge in Tennessee. Brachoria mendota co-occurs with B. cedra and B. dentata forming a component of a Müllerian mimicry ring with them.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (USNM) from Russell County, Virginia, Fire Tower, Mendota, 30.vii.1941 (colls: Dr and Mrs Brooks) (vidi). Nontype specimens. Tennessee: 1♀ (MMC0449), Hancock County, Newman’s Ridge, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.31737&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.53873" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.31737/lat 36.53873)">Snake Hollow Rd</a> (36.53873°N, - 83.31737°W, 500 m), 4.x.2006, 15:00 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂ (SPC000450), 1♀ (SPC000448), Jefferson County, Jefferson City, N. Ridge Dr, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.31737&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.53873" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.31737/lat 36.53873)">Mossy Creek</a> (36.53873°N, - 83.31737°W, 350 m), 19.v.2005, 15:00 (coll: P. Marek). Virginia: 1♀ (MMC0286), Lee County, Poor Valley, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.01574&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.77681" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.01574/lat 36.77681)">Pennington Gap</a>, VA-621, about 1.6 km east US-421, on north-facing slope (36.77681°N, - 83.01574°W, 460 m), 28.ix.2006, 9:30 (colls: P. and B. Marek). 1♂ (PMLN0033), Lee County, about 3.2 km north of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.9021&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7355" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.9021/lat 36.7355)">Stickleyville</a>, VA-738 (36.7355°N, - 82.9021°W), 23.v.1994 (coll: C. Hobson). 1♀ (MMC0270), Lee County, Lovelady Gap, CR 619 (36.763661°N, - 82.88194°W, 815 m), 27.ix.2006, 12:15 (colls: P. and B. Marek). 2♂ (PMLN0031), Russell County, junction VA-606 and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.2381&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.824" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.2381/lat 36.824)">Copper Creek</a>, VA-678 (36.8240°N, - 82.2381°W), 23.iv.1994 (coll: M. Donohue). 1♂ (SPC000525*: EU127853), Russell County, Clinch Mountain, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.30478&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.72868" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.30478/lat 36.72868)">Fugate’s Gap</a>, about 6.3 rd km up the mountain from VA-802 and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.30478&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.72868" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.30478/lat 36.72868)">Mendota</a>, CR-612, just over ridge of mountain, north slope (36.72868°N, - 82.30478°W, 822 m), 10.vi.2005, 11:00 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂ (PMLN0020), Scott County, 7.2 km west of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.677&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7589" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.677/lat 36.7589)">Fort Blackmore</a>, 2.88 km north-west of junction routes 649 and 656 (36.7589°N, - 82.6770°W), 19.viii.1985 (coll: J. Mitchell). 1♂ (MMC0202), 1♀ (MMC0166), Scott Co., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.57847&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.69112" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.57847/lat 36.69112)">Quillin Spring</a>, CR- 619, 160 m north of junction with CR-664 (36.69112°N, - 82.57847°W, 427 m), 19.viii.2006, 10:30 (colls: P. Marek and C. Spruill). 1♂ (MMC0256), 1♀ (MMC0245), Scott County, Flat Rock, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.8296&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.60566" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.8296/lat 36.60566)">Power’s Gap</a>, VA-628, 0.2 rd km north of junction with VA-629 (36.60566°N, - 82.82960°W, 540 m) 26.ix.2006, 9:00 (colls: P. and B. Marek). 1♀ (MMC0080), Washington County, Clinch Mountain, CR-612 below <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.30668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.72894" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.30668/lat 36.72894)">Fugate’s Gap</a>, 3.84 rd km south of junction with CR-613 (36.72894°N, - 82.30668°W, 813 m), 10.viii.2006, 15:30 (colls: P. Marek and C. Spruill).</p> <p>BRACHORIA OCHRA (CHAMBERLIN, 1918) ‘THE MISSISSIPPI MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 32A–D, FIG. 41J–K)</p> <p>Fontaria ochra Chamberlin, 1918: 123. Brachoria sequens Chamberlin, 1939; synonymized by Keeton, 1959. Anfractogon tenebrans Hoffman, 1948; synonymized by Keeton, 1965. Brachoria ochra – Chamberlin &amp; Hoffman, 1958. I agree with the synonymy of B. sequens and B. tenebrans with B. ochra. I have seen the types (USNM) and agree with Keeton that they do not exhibit significant enough differences from B. ochra to warrant nomenclatural status.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. ochra are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Combined striped and two-spotted (Fig. 41J), purple-grey metatergal stripes with white caudal border, pinkish-red paranotal spots, legs. Collum purple, with pinkish-red paranota, and black central spot. Two-spotted (Fig. 41K), red paranotal spots, anterior collum spot, legs. Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 5–19 with posterior-projecting nubbin, not rounded as in most Brachoria species. Lateral paranotal edges with curved aileron-like flange, projecting posterior past medial caudal edge. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, half width of tibia on leg pair 9, of uniform width throughout. Acropodite curved laterally at base, then medially in an oval-shaped form; not curved anteriorly, as in other species. Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum not elbowed as in B. initialis (Fig. 26A, arrow), continuous oval-shaped form (Fig. 32D). Acropodal apex (Fig. 32B) distal to postcingular arc projecting dorsally, with curved sickle-shaped apex (not paring knife-shaped as in B. initialis, Fig. 26C). Apex with raised shelf-like carina at base, imparts an elbowed appearance. (Fig. 32B, arrow) Some specimens with an accessory sawtooth-shaped denticle on the acropodal apex (the ‘ B. tenebrans ’ morph), or with strongly pronounced carina (the ‘ B. anfractogon ’ morph).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria ochra has the second largest distribution of any species in the genus (B. initialis has the largest) from northern Alabama to northeastern Mississippi. There is some variation in coloration amongst individuals, with two morphs present: two-spotted (Fig. 41K) red and combined (Fig. 41J) striped-spotted purple-grey and red (at Bankhead National Forest both morphs co-occur). There is some variation in length and width amongst these specimens, to a greater extent in males than in females. Measurements: ♂ (N = 9) BL = 33.68–46.99 (40.54/5.16). CW = 6.20–8.78 (7.53/1.01). IW = 4.30– 5.56 (4.87/0.43). ISW = 1.25–1.70 (1.47/0.19). B10W = 8.79–12.10 (10.42/1.19). B10H = 5.05–7.20 (6.02/0.70). ♀ (N = 3) BL = 37.64–40.47 (38.60/1.62). CW = 6.90–7.45 (7.08/0.32). IW = 4.99–5.20 (5.06/ 0.12). ISW = 1.44–1.60 (1.50/0.09). B10W = 10.25– 10.30 (10.28/0.03). B10H = 6.30–6.75 (6.53/0.23).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Chamberlin (1918).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria ochra specimens were collected during the day (17:30, Tombigbee locality) in a mixed evergreen and deciduous forest about 50 m south of Choctaw Lake. Millipedes were found beneath a layer of decaying oak leaves and pine duff. Brachoria ochra individuals were also collected from the banks of Bordon Creek in Bankhead National Forest. Here, individuals were not found under leaves but on top of them, actively walking about. Other xystodesmids encountered sympatrically at these localities were Dicellarius bimaculatus fictus (Chamberlin, 1943) (Tombigbee National Forest) and C. g. latassa (Bankhead National Forest), the second of which appears similar in coloration to B. ochra. The species D. b. fictus, a uniform pale white colour, does not appear similar to B. ochra. At Bankhead National Forest, C. g. latassa has two colour morphs: striped yellow and striped red. The striped red colour morph appears similar to B. ochra (to the combined striped-spotted purple-grey and red morph). Note: individuals of B. ochra may be confused in the field with C. g. latassa because of similarity in colour patterns and broad overlap in distribution, but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): dorsal cuticle smooth, not rugose like C. g. latassa; acropodite oval-shaped, not straight as in C. g. latassa; acropodite projecting straight from prefemur, whereas in C. g. latassa (and other individuals in the tribe Rhysodesmini) acropodite is bent at 90° from prefemur. Individuals of B. ochra may also be confused in the field with B. initialis because of similarity in colour patterns and overlap in distribution (co-occurring in northern Alabama, and northeastern Mississippi), but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): arc immediately distal beyond cingulum not elbowed as in B. initialis (Fig. 26A, arrow), continuous oval-shaped form (Fig. 32D); acropodal apex (Fig. 32B) curved sickle-shaped (not paring knifeshaped as in B. initialis Fig. 26C); apex with raised shelf-like carina at base (Fig. 32B, arrow), imparts an elbowed appearance, not curved 90° as in B. initialis (Fig. 26A). Some specimens with an accessory sawtooth-shaped denticle on acropodal apex, or a strongly pronounced carina.</p> <p>Distribution: The second largest distribution of any Brachoria species. Known from northern Alabama, south to Tuscaloosa, west into north-eastern and central Mississippi to Holmes County. Not extensively distributed throughout the coastal plain, as in B. initialis.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (RVCC) from Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, ‘ Mississippi Agricultural College’ (Mississippi State University), Fall 1916 (coll: J. Bailey). The type specimen is missing from the collection. Nontype specimens. Alabama: 1♂ (PMLN0166), Cullman County, wooded hillside, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.0342&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.9518" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.0342/lat 33.9518)">Wilburn</a> (33.9518°N, - 87.0342°W), 20.x.1962 (coll: L. Hubricht). 2♂ (SPC000077: DQ490655, SPC000078), Lawrence County, Bankhead National Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.39433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.30959" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.39433/lat 34.30959)">Black Warrior</a> WMA, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.39433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.30959" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.39433/lat 34.30959)">Sipsey River</a> picnic grounds area, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.39433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.30959" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.39433/lat 34.30959)">Bordon Creek Trail</a>, about 8 rd km west of junction <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.39433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.30959" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.39433/lat 34.30959)">Cranal</a> and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.39433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.30959" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.39433/lat 34.30959)">Bunyan Hill</a> rds (34.30959°N, - 87.39433°W, 185 m), 12.vi.2003, 10:00 (colls: P. Marek and B. Hendrixson). 1♂ (PMLN0001), Lawrence County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.7453&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.9698" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.7453/lat 34.9698)">King’s Cove</a>, hemlock-beech woods (34.9698°N, - 85.7453°W), 29.vi.1950 (coll: G. Ball). 1♀ (A3142), Morgan County, 12.8 km south of Decatur, on AL-41 at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.9673&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.5007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.9673/lat 34.5007)">Flint Creek</a> (34.5007°N, - 86.9673°W), 24.v.1980 (coll: R. Shelley). 1♂ (SPC000937), Tuscaloosa County, Tuscaloosa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.5188&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2341" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.5188/lat 33.2341)">Rice Mine Rd.</a>, 0.3 km east of junction with <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.5188&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2341" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.5188/lat 33.2341)">North Ridge Rd.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-87.5188&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2341" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -87.5188/lat 33.2341)">Black Warrior River</a> bank (33.2341°N, - 87.5188°W, 52.7 m), 5.iii.2006 (coll: D. Beamer). Mississippi: 1♂, 2♀ (A4096), Pontotoc County, 1.6 km south-east of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.0139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.3357" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.0139/lat 34.3357)">Ecru</a>, mesic deciduous hillside, mixed woods (34.3357°N, - 89.0139°W), 19.v.1983 (coll: R. Shelley). 1♂ (SPC000090), 1♀ (SPC000091), Choctaw County, Tombigbee National Forest, 4 air km east of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.14778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.27277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.14778/lat 33.27277)">Ackerman</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.14778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.27277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.14778/lat 33.27277)">Choctaw Lake</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.14778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.27277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.14778/lat 33.27277)">Chata Trail</a> (33.27277°N, - 89.14778°W, 192 m), 16.vi.2003, 17:30 (colls: P. Marek and B. Hendrixson). 1♂ (PMLN0002), Holmes County, Holmes County State <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.9162&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.029" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.9162/lat 33.029)">Park</a> (33.0290°N, - 89.9162°W), 15.vii.1986 (coll: P. Lago). 1♂ (PMLN0003), Marshall County, mixed woods 3.2 km east of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.396&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.9472" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.396/lat 34.9472)">Slayden</a> (34.9472°N, - 89.3960°W), 27.ii.1961 (coll: L. Hubricht).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B6661D1B2E36658204BE7866A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B666191B2134D080C9B9B46704.text	523387B666191B2134D080C9B9B46704.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria plecta Keeton 1959	<div><p>BRACHORIA PLECTA KEETON, 1959</p> <p>‘THE NATURAL BRIDGE MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 33A–D, FIG. 41L)</p> <p>Brachoria plecta Keeton, 1959: 109.</p> <p>A REVISION OF THE MILLIPEDE GENUS BRACHORIA 873</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. plecta are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Three-spotted (Fig. 41L), yellow (2.5Y 8/12) paranotal spots, anterior collum spot, legs; metatergal spots light pinkish orange (7.5R 6/10). Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–8 rounded, lateral margins angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite bulky, subequal in width to tibia on leg pair 9, swollen distally beyond cingulum. Prefemur without prefemoral process. Acropodite curved cephalically 90° in C-shape form. Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum orientated laterally. Acropodal apex projecting posteriorly. Acropodite distal beyond postcingular arc tapered, twisted 90°, hook-shaped apex (Fig. 33B, arrow).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria plecta is known only from the type locality and eight specimens (2♂ from type series collected in 1911 and 1895 and 5♂ and 1♀ collected in 2005). There is negligible variation in coloration amongst these specimens. Measurements: ♂ (N = 4) BL = 38.57–47.34 (44.08/4.80). CW = 7.23– 8.41 (7.23/0.49). IW = 4.95–5.49 (5.19/0.26). ISW = 1.44–1.68 (1.56/0.10). B10W = 9.90–10.89 (10.50/0.53). B10H = 5.96–7.03 (6.57/0.55). ♀ (N = 1) BL = 43.82. CW = 7.67. IW = 5.40. ISW = 1.61. B10W = 10.52. B10H = 6.88.</p> <p>Description: Male described by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria plecta specimens were collected during the day (17:00) in a moist forest comprising hemlock, maple, oak, and birch trees. Individuals were found beneath layers of decomposing leaf material, predominately oak, about 60 m above (west) Upper Hood Branch. Other xystodesmids encountered sympatrically at this locality: Rudiloria guyandotta (coloration similar to B. plecta threespotted morph) and A. v. corrugata (coloration striped yellow, dissimilar to B. plecta). Note: individuals of B. plecta may be confused in the field with R. guyandotta because of similarity in colour patterns, but can be distinguished by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum; acropodite bulky, subequal in width to tibia on leg pair 9.</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from the type locality. The closest known Brachoria species, B. indianae, occurs about 30 km south-west in Irvine, Estill Co., Kentucky.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (AMNH) from Powell County, Kentucky, Natural Bridge, 21.x.1911 (coll: H. Garman), 1♂ paratype (USNM) from the same locality by the same collector, 5.v.1895 (vidi). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.68987&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.77415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.68987/lat 37.77415)">Nontype</a> specimens. 3♂ (SPC000561*: EU127856, SPC000635, 639), 1♀ (SPC000636), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.68987&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.77415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.68987/lat 37.77415)">Powell County</a>, Kentucky, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.68987&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.77415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.68987/lat 37.77415)">Natural Bridge State Resort Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.68987&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.77415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.68987/lat 37.77415)">Upper Hood Branch</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.68987&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.77415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.68987/lat 37.77415)">Hood Branch Trail</a> (37.77415°N, - 83.68987°W, 262 m), 28.vi.2005, 17:00 (coll: P. Marek).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B666191B2134D080C9B9B46704	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
523387B666171B25365E86FCBE2B639C.text	523387B666171B25365E86FCBE2B639C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachoria sheari Marek 2010	<div><p>BRACHORIA SHEARI SP. NOV.</p> <p>‘SHEAR’ S MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 34A–D, FIG. 41M–P)</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. sheari are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Colour. Three-spotted (Fig. 41M), yellow (or red, rare, Fig. 41N) paranotal, metatergal and collum spots, legs. Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–8 rounded, lateral margins 1–4 angled cephalically, 5–19 angled posteriorly (8–14 strongly so). Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite bulky, three-fifths width of tibia on leg pair 9, bulged distally beyond cingulum, semiglobose (Fig. 34C). Acropodite curved medially in D-shaped form (Fig. 34D). Acropodite slightly curved anteriorly (Fig. 34C). Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum orientated dorsolaterally. Acropodal apex projecting laterally 90° from postcingular arc (Fig. 34B, arrow). Acropodal apex 5 ¥ narrower than postcingular region, hook-shaped (Fig. 34B, arrow). Note: although the most frequent colour pattern is three-spotted yellow (Fig. 41M), there are four colour morphs with considerable variation amongst them (Fig. 41M–P). Colour can vary wildly and be completely misleading for identification purposes.</p> <p>Description: Holotype (♂) FMNH-INS43079 – measurements: BL = 44.72. CW = 8.70. IW = 5.60. ISW = 1.55. B10W = 11.50. B10H = 6.50. AL = 2.10. Head: antennae extending backwards to middle of third tergite, relative antennomere lengths 2&gt; 5&gt; 3&gt; 4&gt; 6&gt; 1&gt; 7. Tergites: collum with straight cephalic edge, tapering laterally. Collum with thin carina present on anterolateral margins, absent medially. Paranota 1–8 with caudolateral corners rounded, lateral margins 1–4 angled cephalically, 5–19 angled posteriorly (8–14 strongly so). Paranotal dorsal surface tightly wrinkled, appearing leathery. Ozopores orientated dorsolaterally. Paranota with anterodorsal corner flattened. Gonapophyses goblet-shaped apically, hirsute. Pleural tubercle absent. Sterna without posterior-projecting spines, with flat caudal margin. Sterna 2–8 sparsely setose (Ể four setae), sterna 9–18 without setae, ventral surface smooth. Gonopods: in situ configuration – acropodite projected ventrally, curved medially in D-shaped form (Fig. 34D). Acropodite slightly curved anteriorly (Fig. 34C). Terminal arc of acropodite orientated dorsolaterally. Acropodal apex projecting laterally 90° from postcingular arc (Fig. 34B, arrow). Left, right acropodites crossed midlength, X-shaped. Telopodites – prefemur with thorn-shaped prefemoral process, ~one-tenth length of acropodite, one-third its width at its base. Gonopodal acropodite bulky, three-fifths width of tibia on leg pair 9, bulged distally beyond cingulum, semiglobose. Acropodite with ventrobasal surface facing medially, flat (slightly concave) without flange or swelling. Acropodite base without spines on dorsal surface. Acropodal basal and apical ventral surfaces not coplanar, apical surface facing dorsolaterally; anterior twist weak, acropodite slightly curved cephalically. Acropodal midlength ventral surface with slight ramp-like swell. Acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum. Acropodite with postcingular region swollen, about 2.26 ¥ wider than precingulum at its widest section. Postcingular region of acropodite without ventromedial or lateral teeth. Acropodal apex orientated laterally (Fig. 34B, arrow). Acropodite with postcingular region ~half its total length. Lateral edge of acropodal postcingular region without laminate flange. Acropodite with an undivided apex. Acropodal apex narrow, 5 ¥ narrower than postcingular region, hook-shaped (Fig. 34, arrow). Paratype (♀) FMNH-INS43082 – measurements: BL = 45.51. CW = 7.98. IW = 5.60. ISW = 1.70. B10W = 10.81. B10H = 7.25. Cyphopods: cyphopods with receptacle (at its greatest breadth) equal in width to prefemur length. Receptacle hatchet-shaped, widest edge (the blade) facing anterodorsally. Cyphopodal valves nearly symmetric (right valve slightly more convex). Cyphopods with valvular suture facing posteriorly.</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria sheari is known only from three areas (the type locality, the ridge and on the north slope of Cumberland Mountain, near Shillalah Creek) and 11 specimens. There is some variation in coloration amongst these specimens with four morphs: (1) three-spotted (Fig. 41M), yellow (10YR 3/14) paranotal, metatergal and collum spots, legs; (2) threespotted, yellow (10YR 7/14) paranotal spots, leg tips; orange (7.5YR 6/12) metatergal spots, leg bases; (3) three-spotted (Fig. 41N), red (8.5R 5/14) paranotal, metatergal and collum spots, legs; (4) four-spotted (Fig. 41P), yellow paranotal, metatergal, prozonal and collum spots, legs. Some three-spotted, yellow individuals have very faint metatergal spots, appearing two-spotted (Fig. 41O). There is negligible variation in measurements amongst these specimens. Measurements: ♂ (N = 6) BL = 44.08–50.80 (46.37/2.79). CW = 8.04–9.33 (8.56/0.49). IW = 5.22–5.86 (5.50/ 0.26). ISW = 1.50–1.70 (1.56/0.07). B10W = 10.50–11.81 (11.11/0.48). B10H = 5.85–7.10 (6.40/ 0.44). ♀ (N = 5) BL = 44.09–49.35 (46.79/2.09). CW = 7.89–9.00 (8.27/0.45). IW = 5.60–6.01 (5.83/ 0.16). ISW = 1.70–1.83 (1.76/0.06). B10W = 10.81– 12.15 (11.43/0.56). B10H = 7.25–7.93 (7.60/0.28).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria sheari specimens were collected during the day (12:06) in a forest comprising maple, sycamore, dogwood, oak, and buckeye trees. Individuals were found beneath layers of decomposing leaf material at the bottom of a dry streambed just east of the trail. Other xystodesmids encountered sympatrically at these localities are B. cedra, B. dentata, and A. v. corrugata. Note: individuals of B. sheari may easily be confused in the field with B. cedra, B. dentata, and A. v. corrugata as a result of very strong similarity in colour patterns, but can be distinguished from the other Brachoria by the diagnostic characters and from A. v. corrugata by the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum; acropodite bulky, three-fifths width of tibia on leg pair 9, bulged distally beyond cingulum, semiglobose (Fig. 34C); acropodal apex 5 ¥ narrower than postcingular region, hook-shaped (Fig. 34B, arrow); acropodite not circular like in A. v. corrugata.</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from four localities on Cumberland Mountain: two sites very close to each other on the Virginia side of the mountain at its base, one from the Ridge Trail on top of the mountain, and another on the Kentucky side of the mountain near Shillalah Creek. The closest known Brachoria species, B. cedra and B. dentata, co-occur with B. sheari and share a strong mimetic resemblance. This species was provisionally referred to as Brachoria species ‘n’ in Marek &amp; Bond (2009).</p> <p>Etymology: This species is named in honour of Professor William Shear of Hamden-Sydney College, Virginia. A mentor and friend who collected this species atop Cumberland Mountain while hiking its ridge trail and documenting the millipede biodiversity of the region. (The specific name is a genitive noun derived from the person who discovered it, Professor William Shear.)</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (FMNH-INS43079 *: EU127871), 2 ♂, 2 ♀ paratypes (FMNH-INS43080-83), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paratypes (USNM, SPC001038, 1037) from Virginia, Lee County, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.6322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.6078" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.6322/lat 36.6078)">Gibson Gap Trail</a> , about 1.0 km north of junction US-58 (36.60764°N, - 83.62952°W, 396 m), 28.vii.2006, 12:06 (colls: P. and B. Marek). Nontype specimens. Kentucky: 1♀ (MMC0373), Bell County, rhododendron cove east of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.6322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.6078" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.6322/lat 36.6078)">Shillalah Creek</a> trailhead (36.66770°N, -83.58262, 493 m), 1.x.2006, 14:30 (coll: P. Marek). Virginia: 1♂ (PMLN0163), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.6322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.6078" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.6322/lat 36.6078)">Lee County</a>, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Ridge Trail between Gibson and Woodson Gaps (36.6373°N, - 83.6041°W), 6.ix.1970 (coll: W. Shear). 1♂ (MMC0319), 1♀ (MMC0325), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.6322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.6078" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.6322/lat 36.6078)">Lee County</a>, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Honey Tree Trail, 0.2 trail km east of junction with <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.6322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.6078" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.6322/lat 36.6078)">Gibson</a> Gap Trail (36.6078°N, - 83.6322°W), 29.ix.2006, 11:00 (coll: P. Marek).</p> <p>BRACHORIA SPLENDIDA (CAUSEY, 1942) ‘THE SPLENDID MIMIC MILLIPEDE’</p> <p>(FIG. 35A–D, FIG. 41Q–R)</p> <p>Cleptoria splendida Causey, 1942: 167. Tucoria dynama Chamberlin, 1947; synonymized by Chamberlin &amp; Hoffman, 1958. Brachoria splendida – Chamberlin &amp; Hoffman, 1958. I agree with the synonymy of T. dynama with B. splendida. I have seen the type (ANSP) and agree with Chamberlin and Hoffman that it does not exhibit significant enough differences from B. splendida to warrant nomenclatural status.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Adult males of B. splendida are distinct from other Brachoria species based on the combination of: Size. Body length on average larger than other species (♂ 47.69, ♀ 47.08). Colour. Three-spotted (Fig. 41Q), yellow (pink or red, Fig. 41R) metatergal spots, paranotal spots, anterior and posterior collum spots (sometimes merged together in an hourglass shape), legs. Metatergal spots often notched anteriorly. Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–5 rounded, lateral margins 1–7 angled cephalically. Caudolateral edge of collum strongly angled cephalically at 35° from posterior medial margin. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite bulky, about equal to width of tibia on leg pair 9 (or slightly wider). Acropodite bulged distally beyond cingulum, narrowed, bulged again apically. Gonopodal sternal opening anterior margin excised semicircularly. Sterna on leg pair 7 recessed. Prefemur with small, stout thorn-like prefemoral process. Acropodite rotated 45° anteriorly on prefemur. Acropodite curved medially in D-shaped form (Fig. 35D). Acropodite posterior edge hirsute. Acropodite slightly curved anteriorly. Acropodite distal beyond cingulum S-shaped medially (Fig. 35B). Ventromedial surface (side opposite cingulum) of second postcingular bulge with thin, fin-shaped keeled carina (Fig. 35D, top arrow). Acropodal apex nubbin-like, projecting dorsally from second bulge (Fig. 35D, bottom arrow).</p> <p>Variation: Brachoria splendida is known from several areas on Pine Mountain from Pine Mountain State Park to Bickford Nature Preserve. There is some variation in hue amongst individuals with two less frequent variants of the common yellow three-spotted morph (Fig. 41Q): pink and red (Fig. 41R). One yellow striped morph and one combined yellow striped/threespotted morph have been observed. Gonopodal form varies regionally. Some specimens with sawtoothshaped denticle on first postcingular bulge. However, all male specimens have distinctly S-shaped acropodites distal beyond cingulum (Fig. 35B). There is some variation in length and width measurements amongst these specimens. Measurements: ♂ (N = 7) BL = 44.10–51.84 (47.69/3.21). CW = 7.79–8.80 (8.39/ 0.39). IW = 5.23–5.70 (5.42/0.20). ISW = 1.55–1.71 (1.62/0.06). B10W = 10.30–11.30 (10.75/0.32). B10H = 6.45–7.15 (6.66/0.27). ♀ (N = 5) BL = 43.46– 49.74 (47.08/2.57). CW = 7.18–8.29 (7.87/0.42). IW = 5.39–5.98 (5.74/0.23). ISW = 1.61–1.83 (1.73/ 0.09). B10W = 9.86–11.40 (10.87/0.60). B10H = 6.80– 7.60 (7.28/0.31).</p> <p>Description: Male described by Causey (1942); redescribed by Keeton (1959).</p> <p>Ecology: Brachoria splendida is common in the Appalachian mixed mesophytic deciduous forests along Pine Mountain in Kentucky. It occurs in upland forests comprising oak, maple, tulip poplar, sycamore, and sassafras (e.g. Kentenia State Forest localities); and in moist lowland forests comprising hemlock, birch, umbrella magnolia, and rhododendron (e.g. Hemlock Garden, Cawood, and Blanton Forest). Other xystodesmids encountered sympatrically at these localities are: B. hansonia (Hemlock Garden), B. flammipes (Cawood), B. gracilipes and B. badbranchensis (Bickford Nature Preserve), and C. g. latassa (Kentenia State Forest localities). Note: individuals of B. splendida may be confused in the field with B. hansonia, B. flammipes, B. gracilipes, B. badbranchensis, and C. g. latassa as a result of similarity in colour pattern, but can be distinguished with the diagnostic characters for Brachoria species and by the presence of the following characters for C. g. latassa (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): dorsal cuticle smooth, not rugose like C. g. latassa; gonopodal acropodite bulky, about equal to width of tibia on leg pair 9; prefemur with small, stout thorn-like prefemoral process, not long, aciculate as in C. g. latassa; acropodite distal beyond cingulum S-shaped medially (Fig. 35B), not straight as in C. g. latassa; acropodite curved medially in D-shaped form (Fig. 35D); acropodite projecting straight from prefemur, whereas in C. g. latassa (and other individuals in the tribe Rhysodesmini) acropodite is bent anteriorly at 90° from prefemur.</p> <p>Distribution: Brachoria splendida occurs predominately on Pine Mountain, a linear mountain ridge, from Kentucky Ridge State Forest in Bell County to about 55 air km north-east to James E. Bickford Nature Preserve in Harlan County, Kentucky. Brachoria splendida also occurs in two apparently disjunct populations in Cumberland Gap National Park and in Daniel Boone National Forest, Leslie County. The closest known Brachoria species, B. hansonia and B. flammipes, co-occur with B. splendida in Pine Mountain State Park and Daniel Boone National Forest.</p> <p>Material examined: Type specimens. ♂ holotype (ANSP) from Bell County, Kentucky, Pine Mountain State Park, 16.vi.1940 (coll: N. Causey) (vidi). Nontype specimens. Kentucky: 1♂ (SPC000351), Bell County, Kentenia State Forest, south slope of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.19144&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.92733" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.19144/lat 36.92733)">Pine Mountain</a>, KY-2010 (36.92733°N, - 83.19144°W, 710 m), 18.viii.2004, 15:30 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂, 1♀ (A801), Bell County, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.67395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.60387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.67395/lat 36.60387)">Tri-State Trail</a> (36.60387°N, - 83.67395°W), 11.vi.1976 (coll: R. Shelley). 1♂ (SPC000341*: DQ 490693), 1♀ (SPC000345), Bell County, Pine Mountain State Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.73924&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.73537" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.73924/lat 36.73537)">Hemlock Garden Trail</a>, near alternative return entrance (36.73537°N, - 83.73924°W, 430 m), 19.viii.2004, 11:00 (coll: P. Marek). 1♂ (SPC000587), Bell County, Kentucky Ridge State Forest, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.72353&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.71808" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.72353/lat 36.71808)">Little Clear Creek Rd.</a>, about 0.4 rd km south of junction with KY-190 (36.71808°N, - 83.72353°W, 392 m), 24.vi.2005, 9:00 (coll: P. Marek). 1♀ (SPC000176), Harlan County, Pine Mountain, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.38239&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.85942" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.38239/lat 36.85942)">Blanton Forest</a> State Nature Preserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.38239&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.85942" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.38239/lat 36.85942)">High Fork Branch</a>, near campground ranger station (36.85942°N, - 83.38239°W, 430 m), 10.viii.2003, 13:00 (colls: P. Marek and D. Beamer). 1♂ (SPC000171), 1♀ (SPC000170), Harlan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.22477&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.92358" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.22477/lat 36.92358)">Pine Mountain</a>, Kentenia State Forest, Goss Park Campground (36.92358°N, - 83.22477°W, 777 m), 9.viii.2003, 23:30 (colls: P. Marek and D. Beamer). 1♂ (SPC001017), 1♀ (SPC001024), Leslie County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.37294&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.93645" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.37294/lat 36.93645)">Cawood Recreation Site</a>, about 5.4 rd km north of junction KY-221 and US-421 (36.93645°N, - 83.37294°W, 404 m), 27.vii.2006, 19:00 (colls: P. and B. Marek).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/523387B666171B25365E86FCBE2B639C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Marek, Paul E.	Marek, Paul E. (2010): A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (4): 817-889, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00633.x
