identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5162072A2434F1005199F4CDA4FBF9F6.text	5162072A2434F1005199F4CDA4FBF9F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lupinus luisanae Contreras-Ortiz & Jara. A. Habit. B. Leaf. C. Inflorescence. D. Pod. E. Calyx. F. Standard 2018	<div><p>Lupinus luisanae Contreras-Ortiz &amp; Jara sp. nov. Figs. 2 &amp; 3</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Mpio. Socotá, vereda El Cardo, páramo Fray Luis, 6°1′23.9″N, 72°32′57.8″W, 3700 m, 8 January 2015, N. Contreras-Ortiz, A. Ortiz &amp; L. Contreras 59 (holotype ANDES!, isotype Z!).</p> <p>Lupinus luisanae is distinguished from L. alopecuroides, L. triananus and L. carrikeri by its narrowly elliptic to very narrowly elliptic leaflets, bracts upcurved only when the flowers are in bud, and a sparse silky indumentum on leaves, stems and inflorescences.</p> <p>Acaulescent rosettes, forming clumps of basally tufted and densely packed long-petioled leaves, ca. 70–130 cm tall including the inflorescences at full development. Tap root thick and woody in mature plants, the caudex turning soft and pithy and gradually becoming fistulose towards the apical stem and inflorescence. Bases of plants clothed in marcescent leaves; horizontal secondary branches usually prostrate on the ground and forming independent secondary plants. Leaves compound; petioles hollow, flattened at the base, round toward the apex, pale green sometimes tinged red to maroon-red, 12.6–35.1 cm long, 2.21–6.2 cm wide at the base; stipules adnate to the flattened petiole base for 2.1–5.2 (–7.1) cm, the free stipule tips lanceolate and flexuose, 20–33 × 1.4–4.4 mm, or triangular and flexuose, 7–20 mm × 2–5.1 mm; leaflets 13–18 per leaf, chartaceous, flexible or brittle when dry, narrowly elliptic to very narrowly elliptic, the base cuneate, the apex acute, with sparse-silky trichomes covering the entire lamina increasing in density towards the midvein, of different sizes gradually ranging from (4.6–) 5–21.4 (–26.8) cm × 1–2.7 (–4.8) cm. Inflorescences terminal, 1-per branch, composed of erect racemes with 27–45 crowded whorls of 8–14 flowers per whorl; peduncles fleshy, fistulose, slightly ribbed, light green turning mid-brown when dry, the scape 10–20 cm long, the racemes themselves 50–85 cm long and 3–6.5 cm in diameter when fully developed; bracts light green, tinged red on the exposed tips, linear, flexuose, 17.2–24.5 mm × 1.1–2.5 mm wide at the base, covered with silky hairs, upcurved and exserted when flowers are in bud, withering to expose the flowers at anthesis and often caducous at fruiting; flowers opening acropetally, with basal fruits forming before the terminal flowers open; pedicels 2–8.7 mm long; calyx obliquely campanulate, with the upper lobe bifid, each lobe to 6.8–9.4 × 2.2–4.9 mm, the lower lobe entire, 8.7–12.2 × 3.4–4 mm, covered with silky pubescence; corolla with the standard petal sub-orbicular, the lateral margins reflexed, purple-blue and ribbed, the standard 12.8–17 × 9–13.5 mm, partly concealed by the prominent purple-blue and ribbed wing petals, 10.2–13.5 mm × 7.1–9.8 mm, the claw 3.7–4.4 mm, the keel petals dark purple-blue at apex, 9.9–15.4 × 2.9–4.4 mm, largely concealed by the wing petals; stamens 10, monadelphous, partially free filaments of two different alternating lengths, the staminal tube 5.9–9.7 mm, the free filaments either 2.5–7.6 or 2.1–5.2 mm long; gynoecium with the ovary 4.1–6.5 mm long, with 4–5 ovules, silky pubescent; style 7.3–12 mm, glabrous, upcurved. Pods 2.2–3.6 × 0.7–1 cm, usually with 2–5 seeds per pod, with densely woolly white indumentum on valves, the stigma semi-persistent at pod maturity, the flower parts often marcescent at base of developing fruits, the valves mid-green or olive-green when unripe, elastically dehiscent along both sutures, twisting tightly and persistent after dehiscence; seeds oblong, 3.6–5 × 3–4 mm, the testa smooth, slightly glossy, brown, speckled darker brown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: —Endemic to Colombia, L. luisanae is known only from the northern zone of the Eastern Cordillera, extending towards the Tota-Bijagual-Mamapacha páramo complex, in the Páramo de Ocetá, and the Cocuy-Pisba páramo complexes (sensu Morales et al. 2007) (Fig. 1). Lupinus luisanae grows between (3300–) 3600–4200 m elevation, in grass páramo with occasional water runoff, usually in association with Senecio niveoaureus Cuatrecasas (1940a: 6).</p> <p>Phenology:— Lupinus luisanae has been recorded flowering in July, August, September, October, November, December and January.</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet honours Luis Contreras Ruiz and Ana Ortiz Posso, parents of the first author. The names Luis and Ana are combined to form the specific epithet using the respective genitive singular termination, -is for Luis (third declension) and -ae for Ana (first declension) (Stearn, 1985).</p> <p>The recognition of L. luisanae as a distinct species is supported by the combined evidence presented by Contreras-Ortiz et al. (2018). This species differs from L. alopecuroides, L. triananus and L. carrikeri by the combination of markedly narrow elliptic leaflets, sparse silky indumentum and often caducous or withering bracts that expose the flowers during anthesis.A variety of L. luisanae is here described based on a combination of genetic and morphological differences and geographical separation (see below).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5162072A2434F1005199F4CDA4FBF9F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Contreras-Ortiz, N.;Jara-Muñoz, O. A.;Hughes, C. E.	Contreras-Ortiz, N., Jara-Muñoz, O. A., Hughes, C. E. (2018): The acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) of Colombia and Ecuador including a new species from Colombia. Phytotaxa 364 (1): 61-70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3
5162072A2436F1075199F493A33BF7AF.text	5162072A2436F1075199F493A33BF7AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lupinus luisanae var. luisanae Contreras-Ortiz & Jara var. luisanae	<div><p>Lupinus luisanae Contreras-Ortiz &amp; Jara var. luisanae Figs. 2 (A–C)</p> <p>Acaulescent rosettes 70–80 (–90) cm tall including the inflorescences at full development, branches sometimes not completely prostrate but rising laterally from the apical nodes of the main plant, each stem supporting a single terminal inflorescence. White velutinous indumentum covering much of the plant as stems, petioles, stipules, scape and pedicels. Free stipule tips lanceolate and flexuose, 20–33 (–46) × 1.4–4.4 (–5) mm; leaflets narrowly elliptic, up to (8–) 10.1–12 cm × 2.5 (–3) cm, secondary venation gradually diminishing towards the margin of the lamina. Inflorescences with 27–29 crowded whorls of 8–10 flowers per whorl; pedicels 2–2.9 mm long; corolla with the standard petal with a white vertical blotch in the centre covering almost one third of the width.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Lupinus luisanae var. luisanae is endemic to the northern zone of the Eastern Cordillera, in the Cocuy-Pisba páramo complexes in Colombia (sensu Morales et al. 2007) (Fig. 1), between (3300–) 3600–4200 m.</p> <p>Paratypes:― COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Alto Valle Lagunillas, 500 m al NNE de la Laguna Pintada, 4005 m, 2 Oct 1972, Cleef 5733 (COL); Nevado del Cocuy, Las Lagunillas, Pozo Azul, 4110 m, 11 Sep 1938, Cuatrecasas 1430 (COL, US); Mpio. de Chita, páramo de Pisba, 3300–3600 m, 20 Nov 1996, Dueñas 85 (COL); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, in páramo on N. side of pass from Rio La Cueva, San Pablín system, near “the” Laguna Grande path, ca. 4200 m, 28 Aug 1957, Grubb 749 (COL); Mpio. Socha, Vereda Curital, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.60836&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.9253054" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.60836/lat 5.9253054)">Sector de Pantano Hondo</a>, 5°55′31.1″N, 72°36′30.1″W, 3597–3611 m, 8–12 Julio 2015, A. M. Caro-Roa, Caro-Forero, J. H. &amp; Torres G. 3064 (HT); Mpio. Socotá, Vereda El Cardo, páramo <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.549164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0230556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.549164/lat 6.0230556)">Fray Luis</a>, 6°1′23″N, 72°32′57″W, 3700 m, 8 Jan 2015, N. Contreras-Ortiz, A. Ortiz &amp; L. Contreras 58 (ANDES); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, sector <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.33632&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.3623166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.33632/lat 6.3623166)">Lagunillas</a>, cabañas <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.33632&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.3623166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.33632/lat 6.3623166)">Sisuma</a> cerca de lagunas, 6° 21.739′N, 72° 20.179′W, 4000 m, 7 Dec 2013, N. Contreras-Ortiz &amp; D. Rojas 30 (ANDES).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5162072A2436F1075199F493A33BF7AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Contreras-Ortiz, N.;Jara-Muñoz, O. A.;Hughes, C. E.	Contreras-Ortiz, N., Jara-Muñoz, O. A., Hughes, C. E. (2018): The acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) of Colombia and Ecuador including a new species from Colombia. Phytotaxa 364 (1): 61-70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3
5162072A2430F1055199F5F1A524FC26.text	5162072A2430F1055199F5F1A524FC26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lupinus luisanae var. ocetensis Contreras-Ortiz & Jara 2018	<div><p>Lupinus luisanae var. ocetensis Contreras-Ortiz &amp; Jara, var. nov. Fig. 2 (D–F)</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Mpio. Monguí, Páramo de Ocetá, 5°42′22″N, 72°48′45″W, 3700 m, 2 Dec 2014, N. Contreras-Ortiz, G. Ortiz &amp; N. Yepes 50 (holotype ANDES!, isotype Z!).</p> <p>Lupinus luisanae var. ocetensis differs from Lupinus luisanae var. luisanae by its significantly larger plant size, very narrow elliptic and usually longer leaflets (up to 26.8 cm vs. up to 12 cm long), triangular flexuose free stipule tips (as opposed to lanceolate and flexuose), the standard petal with a white blotch restricted only to the central tip of the petal (compared to a visible white vertical blotch comprising almost one third of the petal width).</p> <p>Acaulescent rosettes of ca. 80 cm in diameter and up to 1.3 m tall including the inflorescence at full development, with prostrate stolons and secondary branches forming independent secondary plants surrounding the main stem. Stems, scapes and calyces covered by a sparse appressed silky indumentum of 2.8–5 mm long hairs and a dense layer of hoary trichomes 0.3–1 mm long. Free stipule tips triangular, flexuose, (6–) 7–20 × 2–5.1 mm; petioles and stipules covered by a silky indumentum of 6.1–7.9 mm long hairs and a dense layer of hoary trichomes ca. 0.2–0.3 mm long; leaflets very narrowly elliptic, up to 21.4 (–26.8) × 2.7 (–4.8) cm, with connections between secondary veins evident towards the leaflet margin. Inflorescences with ca. 40–45 crowded whorls of 12–14 flowers per whorl; pedicels 5.7–8.7 mm long, covered by an erect silky pubescence of 2.8–5 mm long hairs and a dense layer of hoary trichomes 0.3–1 mm long; corolla with the standard petal with an incipient white central blotch restricted to the tip of the petal. Pods with a yellow stigma persistent at fruit maturity.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: — Lupinus luisanae var. ocetensis is endemic to the Páramo of Ocetá, municipality of Monguí, department of Boyacá, Colombia (Fig. 1). This is a grass páramo between 3500 and 3800 m, where Espeletia incana Cuatrecasas (1940b: 435) and Espeletia boyacensis Cuatrecasas (1973: 176) are common.</p> <p>Etymology: —The infraspecific epithet refers to the name of the Páramo where the taxon is found.</p> <p>Paratypes:― COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Mpio. de Monguí, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.825386&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.6940002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.825386/lat 5.6940002)">Páramo de Ocetá</a>, 5°41′38.4″N, 72°49′31.4″W, 3600 m, 3 Mar 2013, N. Contreras-Ortiz, S. Madriñán, M. P. Contreras, N. Nuerk 20 (ANDES); 5°42′22″N, 72°48′45″W, 3700 m, 2 Dec 2014, N. Contreras-Ortiz, G. Ortiz &amp; N. Yepes 49 (ANDES, Z); 5°42′22″N, 72°48′45″W, 3700 m, 2 Dec 2014, N. Contreras-Ortiz, G. Ortiz &amp; N. Yepes 51 (ANDES, Z).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5162072A2430F1055199F5F1A524FC26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Contreras-Ortiz, N.;Jara-Muñoz, O. A.;Hughes, C. E.	Contreras-Ortiz, N., Jara-Muñoz, O. A., Hughes, C. E. (2018): The acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) of Colombia and Ecuador including a new species from Colombia. Phytotaxa 364 (1): 61-70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3
5162072A243DF10B5199F61DA386F97D.text	5162072A243DF10B5199F61DA386F97D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lupinus Linnaeus 1753	<div><p>Key to the acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus from Colombia and Ecuador</p> <p>1a. Plants up to 30 cm tall. Inflorescences held below the leaves or occasionally extending only very slightly above foliage........................................................................................................................................................................................................ L. nubigenus</p> <p>1b. Plants more than 30 cm tall. Inflorescences clearly overtopping the foliage.....................................................................................2</p> <p>2a. Floral bracts persistent, at least 2–4 times the flower length, covered by very dense silky pubescence, remaining upcurved and concealing the flowers even at full anthesis. Leaflets oblanceolate, with a very dense silky indumentum............. L. alopecuroides</p> <p>2b. Floral bracts often caducous by the time fruits form, no more than twice the length of the flowers, covered by sparse silky hairs, upcurved when in bud and exserted beyond the flowers, withering before anthesis, the flowers conspicuous (not or almost never concealed by bracts). Leaflets narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, covered with a scattered to sparse white silky indumentum........3</p> <p>3a. Longer leaflets 9.3–26.8 cm long, the leaflets narrowly elliptic to very narrowly elliptic. Inflorescence 70–110 cm long at full development.......................................................................................................................................................................................4</p> <p>3b. Longer leaflets to 5.7–9 cm long, leaflets oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate. Inflorescence less than 60 cm long at full development................................................................................................................................................................................................5</p> <p>4a. Free stipule tips narrow filiform (lanceolate) and flexuose, 20–33 × 1.4–4.4 mm. Inflorescence to 70 cm at full development. Standard petal with a conspicuous white central blotch. Style semi-persistent on mature fruits. Leaflets narrowly elliptic up to 12 cm long........................................................................................................................................................ L. luisanae var. luisanae</p> <p>4b. Free stipule tips triangular flexuose, 7–20 × 2–5.1 mm. Inflorescence 100 cm or more at full development. Standard petal with an incipient white central blotch restricted to the tip of the petal. Style persistent on mature fruits. Leaflets very narrowly elliptic up to 26.8 cm long........................................................................................................................................... L. luisanae var. ocetensis</p> <p>5a. Petioles up to twice the length of the longer leaflets. Leaflets narrowly oblanceolate, covered by a white silky (sericeous) pubescence scattered on the adaxial side and dense on the abaxial side, the secondary venation visible along the entire leaflet length when dry.......................................................................................................................................................................... L. triananus</p> <p>5b. Petioles at least three times the length of the longer leaflets. Leaflets oblanceolate, apex acuminate, covered on both sides by a dense sericeous whitish to silvery short pubescence, the secondary venation not visible................................................ L. carrikeri</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5162072A243DF10B5199F61DA386F97D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Contreras-Ortiz, N.;Jara-Muñoz, O. A.;Hughes, C. E.	Contreras-Ortiz, N., Jara-Muñoz, O. A., Hughes, C. E. (2018): The acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) of Colombia and Ecuador including a new species from Colombia. Phytotaxa 364 (1): 61-70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.3
