identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
219BB486B4C15C678024C124D6891D53.text	219BB486B4C15C678024C124D6891D53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chumma bicolor Jocque & Alderweireldt 2018	<div><p>Chumma bicolor Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018</p><p>Chumma bicolor Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018: 4, figs 1 A – E, 2 A (♀).</p><p>Chumma bicolor: Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. 2022: 10, 2 figs (♀).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>South Africa; Western Cape Province • 2 imm. 2 ♀; Hoekwil, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.67815&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.911766" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.67815/lat -33.911766)">Bergplaas Rd hiking trail</a>; 33°54.706'S, 22°40.689'E; 475 m a. s. l.; 10 Oct. 2022; C. Haddad et al. leg.; sifting litter, fynbos; NMBA 19424 • 2 subadult ♂ 1 ♀; Plettenberg Bay, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.353867&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.963417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.353867/lat -33.963417)">Bobbejaanskloof Private Nature Reserve</a>; 33°57.805'S, 23°21.232'E; 175 m a. s. l.; 10 Oct. 2022; C. Haddad et al. leg.; sifting litter, Afromontane forest; NMBA 19487 • 1 subadult ♀; Riversdale, Garcia Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.220917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.95595" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.220917/lat -33.95595)">Sleeping Beauty trail</a>; 33°57.357'S, 21°13.255'E; 530 m a. s. l.; 8 Oct. 2023; C. Haddad et al. leg.; sifting litter, fynbos; NMBA 19276 .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Previously known from the type locality (Goukamma in the Western Cape) only. Reported from three additional localities here (Fig. 4). This species is sympatric with C. gastroperforata Jocqué, 2001 at Bobbejaanskloof Private Nature Reserve.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/219BB486B4C15C678024C124D6891D53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marusik, Yuri M.;Haddad, Charles R.	Marusik, Yuri M., Haddad, Charles R. (2024): A new species and new records of Chumma (Araneae, Macrobunidae) from South Africa. African Invertebrates 65 (2): 329-338, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.138735
E2F8143E0AB151C69982D2F0337E58BD.text	E2F8143E0AB151C69982D2F0337E58BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chumma foliata Jocque & Alderweireldt 2018	<div><p>Chumma foliata Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018</p><p>Chumma foliata Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018: 7, figs 2 B – D, 3 A – F (♂ ♀).</p><p>Chumma foliata: Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. 2022: 11, 3 figs (♂ ♀).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>South Africa; Eastern Cape Province • 2 ♂; Grahamstown, Coombs District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.855183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.331665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.855183/lat -33.331665)">Clayputs Farm</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.855183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.331665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.855183/lat -33.331665)">New Windmill Camp</a>; 33°19.900'S, 26°51.311'E; 12 Mar. 2020; R. Booysen &amp; A. Marais leg.; hand collecting; NCA 2020/1107 .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Previously known from the type locality (Hogsback) only. Reported from an additional locality here (Fig. 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2F8143E0AB151C69982D2F0337E58BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marusik, Yuri M.;Haddad, Charles R.	Marusik, Yuri M., Haddad, Charles R. (2024): A new species and new records of Chumma (Araneae, Macrobunidae) from South Africa. African Invertebrates 65 (2): 329-338, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.138735
44046A2F59E757EA9E0A9648E7A4723B.text	44046A2F59E757EA9E0A9648E7A4723B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chumma foordi Marusik & Haddad 2024	<div><p>Chumma foordi sp. nov</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. South Africa • ♂; Western Cape Province; Cape Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.421944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.981667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.421944/lat -33.981667)">Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden</a>; 33°58'54"S, 18°25'19"E; 30 Jan. 2017; Y. M. Marusik leg.; litter in Afromontane forest (NMBA 19612).</p><p>Paratype. 1 ♂, same data as holotype .</p><p>Other material.</p><p>17 juveniles, same data as holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males of the new species differ from all congeners by having a pair of deep round pits (Pi) on the scutum (vs. absent or elongate) and a lateral depression (Ld, lacking in all other species) (see Jocqué 2001; Jocqué and Alderweireldt 2018). The new species also differs by the short embolus, which is somewhat similar to that in C. interfluvialis Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018 but has four rather than three tibial apophyses and a round rather than oval tegulum (cf. Figs 2, 3 with Jocqué and Alderweireldt 2018: fig. 5 A – C). Coloration yellow to light brown dorsally and pale yellow ventrally; carapace with dark radial stripes. Female unknown.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male: Total length 2.83. Carapace 1.14 long, 0.93 wide, sternum 0.64 long and wide; chelicera 0.29 long; labium 0.14 long, 0.27 wide; abdomen 1.79 long, 1.19 wide, scutum 1.29 long. ALE ~ PLE ~ PME ca. 0.1, AME 0.06; AME - AME 0.02, AME - ALE 0.01, ALE - ALE 0.19, PME - PME 0.06, PME - PLE 0.05, PLE - PLE 0.41; clypeus near ALE 0.06.</p><p>Carapace cream, with yellow-brown radial stripes directed towards palps and legs (Fig. 1 A). Distal part of chelicerae and maxillae with dense setae; maxillae as long as wide; labium semicircular, ca. 2.3 times wider than long; sternum as wide as long, about round. Abdomen oval, with dorsal scutum occupying ca. ¾ of abdomen length, ca. 1.4 times longer than wide, scutum darker than rest of abdomen (Fig. 1 A, B), with pair of deep round pits (Pi) in anterior 1 / 3, pair of sigilla behind pits and lateral depressions (Ld); modified setae located only in anterior part of scutum; venter uniformly colored, with pair of scuta at epiandrus, setae on epiandrus shorter than others (Fig. 1 C); short setae also concentrated anterior to tracheal spiracle (Fig. 1 D); colulus represented by group of setae; under light microscopy only two spinnerets can be recognized, but three pairs actually present, with PMS and PLS vestigial (Fig. 1 E); tarsi with three claws (Fig. 1 F).</p><p>Leg measurements of Chumma foordi sp. nov. holotype male:</p><p>Legs spineless. Chelicera with two promarginal and three retromarginal teeth.</p><p>Palp as in Figs 2, 3: femur 3 × longer than wide, as long as cymbium; patella as long as femur wide; tibia cylindrical, 1.3 × longer than wide, with four short apophyses: ventral (VTA), retrolateral (RTA) and two spike-like subdorsal (DTA); cymbium lenticular in dorsal view, twice as long as wide, widest at middle, with proximal extension (Pe) facing towards tibial notch; tegulum round in ventral view, as long as wide, with deep distal tegular furrow (Tf); sperm duct running along lateral margin of tegulum, lacking any loops, originating at ca. 9 o’clock position; conductor (Co) small, almost indistinct; median apophysis (MA) small, membranous, finger-like; embolus (Em) small, with rounded anterior and straight posterior parts, about 4 × longer than maximal width, originating at ca. 9 o’clock position and terminating at about 0: 30; subtegulum (St) exposed prolaterally.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Named after our late friend and colleague Stefan Foord, in recognition of his contributions to the study of spider ecology and biodiversity, particularly in South Africa.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only known from the type locality (Fig. 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/44046A2F59E757EA9E0A9648E7A4723B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marusik, Yuri M.;Haddad, Charles R.	Marusik, Yuri M., Haddad, Charles R. (2024): A new species and new records of Chumma (Araneae, Macrobunidae) from South Africa. African Invertebrates 65 (2): 329-338, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.138735
E2A00D516F1555FE9CCB8F6C6AE7A0A4.text	E2A00D516F1555FE9CCB8F6C6AE7A0A4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chumma gastroperforata Jocque 2001	<div><p>Chumma gastroperforata Jocque, 2001</p><p>Chumma gastroperforata Jocqué, 2001: 486, figs 8 b, 9 a, b, 10 a – e, 11 a, b (♂ ♀).</p><p>Chumma gastroperforata: Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018: 15, fig. 7 H (♂ ♀).</p><p>Chumma gastroperforata: Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. 2022: 12, 5 figs. (♂ ♀).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>South Africa; Western Cape Province • 2 ♀; George, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.425716&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.933582" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.425716/lat -33.933582)">Outeniqua Nature Reserve</a>; 33°56.015'S, 22°25.543'E; 260 m a. s. l.; 9 Oct. 2022; C. Haddad et al. leg.; sifting litter, Afromontane forest; NMBA 19339 • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.8825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.046944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.8825/lat -34.046944)">Gondwana Game Reserve</a>; 34°02'49"S, 21°52'57"E; 25 Mar. 2005 – 3 Jan. 2006; M. Burger et al. leg.; pitfall and funnel traps; NCA 2011/843 • 1 ♂; Outeniquastrand, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.28395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.0459" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.28395/lat -34.0459)">near George</a>; 34°02.754'S, 22°17.037'E; 7 Jan. 2015; C. Haddad leg.; base of grass tussocks; NCA 2015/1753 • 3 ♂; Plettenberg Bay, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.353867&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.963417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.353867/lat -33.963417)">Bobbejaanskloof Private Nature Reserve</a>; 33°57.805'S, 23°21.232'E; 175 m a. s. l.; 10 Oct. 2022; C. Haddad et al. leg.; sifting litter, Afromontane forest; NMBA 19486 • 2 subadult ♂ 2 ♂ 1 subadult ♀; Plettenberg Bay, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.40275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.001167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.40275/lat -34.001167)">Keurbooms Nature Reserve</a>; 34°00.070'S, 23°24.165'E; 220 m a. s. l.; 11 Oct. 2022; C. Haddad et al. leg.; sifting litter, Afromontane forest; NMBA 19552 .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Jocqué (2001) initially described C. gastroperforata based on material from four localities (Witelsbos [type locality], Van Huyssteenbos, Silverrivier and Saasveld), but later included the paratypes from the latter two localities under C. striata Jocqué &amp; Alderweireldt, 2018, together with its holotype from Rosendal farm near Prince Albert. However, Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. (2022) incorrectly included all five localities under C. gastroperforata; only Witelsbos and Van Huyssteenbos are still valid. We report C. gastroperforata from five additional localities here (Fig. 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2A00D516F1555FE9CCB8F6C6AE7A0A4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marusik, Yuri M.;Haddad, Charles R.	Marusik, Yuri M., Haddad, Charles R. (2024): A new species and new records of Chumma (Araneae, Macrobunidae) from South Africa. African Invertebrates 65 (2): 329-338, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.138735
D6E8BA8C55045E33968B47161634A0EE.text	D6E8BA8C55045E33968B47161634A0EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobunidae Bonnet 1957	<div><p>Macrobunidae Bonnet, 1957</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The type species of Macrobunus Tullgren, 1901, M. backhauseni (Simon, 1896) was redescribed, redefined and extensively illustrated by Almeida-Silva (2013), with an updated diagnosis of the genus provided. However, this work has never been formally published and is thus not included in the literature on the species or in the World Spider Catalog (WSC 2024). With the exception of Chumma, genera included in the Macrobunidae have no dorsal abdominal scuta. Almeida-Silva (2013) mentions that in several genera considered in the family the ALS are usually larger than the PMS and PLS and mentioned a vestigial form: “ Males with reduced PLS may lack spigots on these ” (Almeida-Silva 2013). Jocqué (2001: fig. 2 a) and Almeida-Silva (2013) showed that the PMS and PLS of female C. inqueta Jocqué, 2001 were similar in size and both smaller than the ALS. In this paper, we image the spinnerets of male Chumma for the first time, showing that both posterior pairs are significantly reduced in size and can be considered vestigial (Fig. 1 E).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D6E8BA8C55045E33968B47161634A0EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Marusik, Yuri M.;Haddad, Charles R.	Marusik, Yuri M., Haddad, Charles R. (2024): A new species and new records of Chumma (Araneae, Macrobunidae) from South Africa. African Invertebrates 65 (2): 329-338, DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.138735
