identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5009E151FFDE5B67FD164916DEE0D8D3.text	5009E151FFDE5B67FD164916DEE0D8D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sinaphaenops UENO AND WANG, WITH 1991	<div><p>Genus Sinaphaenops Uéno and Wang, 1991</p> <p>Sinaphaenops Uéno and Wang 1991: 128.</p> <p>Type species: S. mirabilissimus Uéno and Wang, 1991.</p> <p>Distribution. Guizhou Province (Guiyang, Liupanshui, Anshun and Qiannan) and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Hechi), China. This is the first record of a cave-adapted trechine beetle in Guiyang, Guizhou Province (Fig. 1).</p> <p>KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUS SINAPHAENOPS (modified from Chen et al. 2017)</p> <p>1. Right mandible tridentate; protibia with a longitudinal sulcus (subgenus Sinaphaenops Uéno and Wang)................................ 2</p> <p>1 ʹ. Right mandible bidentate; protibia without a longitudinal sulcus............................ 10</p> <p>2. Body stouter; neck constriction comparatively wide........................................ 3</p> <p>2 ʹ. Body slenderer; neck constriction distinctly narrow............................................. 7</p> <p>3. Pronotum with pair of lateromarginal setae................................................ 4</p> <p>3 ʹ. Pronotum without lateromarginal setae........... 5</p> <p>4. Lateral margins of pronotum faintly bisinuate before hind angles, which are acute....................................... S. (s. str.) lipoi n. sp.</p> <p>4 ʹ. Lateral margins not sinuate, hind angles obtuse.................. S. (s. str.) banshanicus Tian, Chen and Tang</p> <p>5. Three dorsal pores present on third elytral stria................................................. 6</p> <p>5 ʹ. Two dorsal pores present on third elytral stria................................................. 7</p> <p>6. Sides of pronotum strongly sinuate before hind angles, which are rectangular and pointed........... S. (s. str.) yaolinensis Tian, Chen and Yang</p> <p>6 ʹ. Sides of pronotum not sinuate before hind angles, which are rounded......... S. (s. str.) trisetiger Uéno</p> <p>7. Body stouter; head with three pairs of frontal pores; neck constriction indistinct; hind angles of pronotum rectangular..... S. (s. str.) mochongensis Tian and Huang</p> <p>7 ʹ. Body slenderer; head with two pairs of frontal pores; neck constriction distinct; hind angles of pronotum rounded................ S. (s. str.) orthogenys Uéno</p> <p>8. Posterior frontal setae absent (individuals from Libo County) or present (individuals from Huanjiang County); aedeagus slenderer, with apical lobe broader............ S. (s. str.) wangorum Uéno and Ran</p> <p>8 ʹ. Posterior frontal setae always present; aedeagus stouter, with apical lobe narrower............. 9</p> <p>9. Head narrower; lateral margin of elytra in middle visible from above......... S. (s. str.) gracilior Uéno and Ran</p> <p>9 ʹ. Head wider; lateral margin of elytra in middle not visible from above.............. S. (s. str.) mirabilissimus Uéno and Wang</p> <p>10. Pronotum with two pairs of lateromarginal setae; protarsomeres 1 and 2 in male inermous inwards apically (subgenus Dongaphaenops Deuve and Tian)..................... S. (D.) xuxiakei Deuve and Tian</p> <p>10 ʹ. Pronotum without lateromarginal setae; protarsomeres 1 and 2 in male spurred inwards apically (subgenus Thaumastaphaenops Magrini, Vanni and Zanon)..................................................... 11</p> <p>11. Elytron with three setiferous dorsal pores but without preapical pore............. S. (T.) bidraconis Uéno</p> <p>11 ʹ. Elytron with two setiferous dorsal pores (anterior and middle ones) and with preapical pore............ S. (T.) pulcherrimus Magrini,</p> <p>Vanni and Zanon</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5009E151FFDE5B67FD164916DEE0D8D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, Mengzhen;Huang, Sunbin;Tian, Mingyi	Chen, Mengzhen, Huang, Sunbin, Tian, Mingyi (2020): A New Species of the Aphaenopsian Genus Sinaphaenops Uéno and Wang, with Notes on Male Genitalia of S. Orthogenys Uéno (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (2): 343-350, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.2.343, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/5b9a311d-4860-34c5-84f5-e04e7fe6337b/
5009E151FFDD5B61FD024949D9C5DEE3.text	5009E151FFDD5B61FD024949D9C5DEE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sinaphaenops UENO AND WANG, WITH 1991	<div><p>Sinaphaenops (s. str.) lipoi Chen, Huang and Tian, new species</p> <p>Zoobank.org/rn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2C4948F5-63AA-4395-BB82-8AE5143A1ACA (Figs. 1–6)</p> <p>Material. Holotype male (SCAU), “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.82166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.714167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.82166/lat 26.714167)">Da Dong Cave</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.82166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.714167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.82166/lat 26.714167)">Lizi Cun</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.82166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.714167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.82166/lat 26.714167)">Shuitian Zhen</a>, Wudang Qu, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China 26°42 ′ 51 ′′ N / 106°49 ′ 18 ′′ E, 1120 m, 24-VIII-2018, leg. Jingli Cheng and Mingyi Tian”; paratypes: three males, five females (SCAU), same data as holotype.</p> <p>Description. Length: 7.36–7.52 mm from apex of right mandible to elytral apex, 6.75–6.80 mm from labrum to apex of elytra; width: 1.83–1.85 mm. Forebody (including mandibles) longer than elytra, (HLm+PrL)/EL = 1.03–1.10. Yellowish brown, with paler tarsi and palps; body moderately shiny, impunctate and glabrous; microsculpture meshes transversely striate on vertex of head and pronotum, moderately transverse on clypeus and frons of head and elytra.</p> <p>Head elongate, subtriangular, much longer than wide (HLm/HW = 2.90–3.03, HLl/HW = 2.22–2.47), widest at about 3/7 from base (including mandibles); neck constriction wide, about 0.45–0.48 times as wide as head; frons depressed, frontal furrows well-marked, not parallel-sided, strongly divergent posteriorly; clypeus transverse, with 4 setae; labrum transverse, with 6 setae; 2 pairs of frontal setiferous pores present, posterior pair more narrowly spaced than anterior pair, at about the level between neck constriction and anterior frontal pores; labial suture clearly visible, submentum 8- to 10-setose; mentum with 2 setae near base of median tooth, which is blunt and short; ligula with 2 setae at apex and three pairs of shorter setae at posterior; palps long, slender and glabrous except for second labial palpomere, which possesses 2 setae on inner margin and an additional seta on outer margin; second labial palpomere 1.14 times longer than third; third maxillary palpomere 1.16 times longer than fourth. Antennae thin and long, and antennomeres 10 and 11 extending beyond elytral apices; antennomere 1 stouter and shorter than others, 4 and 5 longest, comparative length ratio of antennomere as follows in holotype: 1 (1.00), 2 (1.16), 3 (1.82), 4 (2.48), 5 (2.47), 6 (2.25), 7 (1.97), 8 (1.77), 9 (1.63), 10 (1.40) and 11 (1.56).</p> <p>Prothorax (Fig. 3A) much shorter than head (PrL/ HLm = 0.55–0.59, PrL/HLl = 0.82–85); distinctly wider than head (PrW/HW = 1.26–1.29); widest at about 2/5 from base; anterior lateromarginal setae present at about 1/3 distance from front; propleura distinctly expanded and visible from above (PrW/ PnW = 1.09–1.20); pronotum slightly wider than head (PnW/HW = 1.14–1.17), widest at about 1/2 from base; base distinctly wider than front (PbW/ PfW = 1.36–1.41); front feebly emarginate medially, base nearly rectangular; lateral margins not sinuate, posterior angles acuminate, front angles obtuse and rounded; median line well-marked.</p> <p>Elytra slender (Figs. 2, 4A), much longer than pronotum (EL/PnL = 2.61–2.66), moderately elongate for Sinaphaenops species, about twice as long as wide (EL/EW = 1.92–2.06), widest at about 3/5 from base, basally narrow and depressed, strongly convex at middle; shoulders distinctly oblique, weakly pronounced, humeral angles broad; lateral margins finely margined and visible throughout; not parallelsided; elytral striae greatly reduced. Chaetotaxy: two dorsal pores present on third stria at about 3/10 and 1/2 from elytral base (but a smaller pore present on each elytron in 1 male individual, located just before preapical pore and closer to elytral suture), anterior pore much closer to first umbilicate pore than to fourth umbilicate pore, posterior pore anteriad to fifth umbilicate pore; well-marked preapical pore closer to suture than to apical margin of elytra, located even with seventh umbilicate pore; first umbilicate pore of humeral group located on sixth interval, distant from marginal gutter and anteriad to second pore; second and third pores close to each other, both near marginal gutter; fourth pore located on fifth stria, much closer to fifth pore than to third; fifth and sixth pores of middle group approximate, both widely distant from marginal gutter (Fig. 4A).</p> <p>Legs slender, tarsomere 1 shorter than tarsomeres 2–4 combined in fore legs, slightly longer in middle legs, and as long as in hind legs.</p> <p>Ventral surface of head with sparse and long setae, genal setae located midway between submentum and base of head; prosternum with several setae near base and apex, propleura smooth and glabrous; fore, middle and hind coxae with several setae. Ventrites sparsely setose; ventrites 4–6 each with 4 paramedial setae and a few additional much shorter setae, ventrite 7 with 3 pairs of long setae in female, 3 pairs of setae in male (but an additional seta present on left side in 2 male individuals).</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 5) moderately sclerotized, slightly arcuate at middle, moderately slender (for Sinaphaenops), about 1/4 as long as elytra, dorsal part widely membranous, base large, sagittal aileron indistinct, apex slightly reflexed ventrally and blunt at tip; inner sac armed with a wide copulatory piece, which is about 1/3 as long as median lobe (Fig. 5A); apical lobe wide, although longer than wide, broadly subtriangular at apex (Fig. 5B); parameres long and well-developed, each armed with 2 long setae at apex (Fig. 5A).</p> <p>Remarks. Similar to S. (s. str.) banshanicus in possessing anterior lateromarginal setae on the pronotum and preapical dorsal pores on the elytra and an indistinct sagittal aileron on the male genitalia. The above peculiarities make them a distinct species-group from other members of the nominate subgenus. However, the two species are easily distinguished from each other by the following:(1) lateral margins of pronotum faintly bisinuate before posterior angles, which are acute in S. (s. str.) lipoi (Fig. 3A), versus lateral margins not sinuate and hind angles more widened in S. (s. str.) banshanicus (Fig. 3B); (2) fourth umbilicate marginal pore of elytron located more posteriad, much closer to fifth pore than to third in S. (s. str.) lipoi (Fig. 4A) versus almost equidistant in S. (s. str.) banshanicus (Fig. 4B); and (3) median lobe of male genitalia short and blunt apically in S. (s. str.) lipoi (Figs. 5A, B) versus long and more pointed in S. (s. str.) banshanicus (Figs. 5C, D).</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Prof. Po Li, Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang.</p> <p>Distribution. Guizhou (Guiyang) (Fig. 1-l). Known only from a limestone cave called Da Dong (Figs. 6A, B). The cave is about 300 m long, opening on a hillside about 1 km from Lizi Cun, a village northeast of Guiyang. The cave is relatively dry, but a few areas have droplets of condensation. The beetles were collected in moist areas of dark zones. Millipedes (three species) were abundant in the cave. Da Dong Cave is about 38 km air distance from Banshan Dong Cave, the type locality of S. (s. str.) banshanicus.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5009E151FFDD5B61FD024949D9C5DEE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, Mengzhen;Huang, Sunbin;Tian, Mingyi	Chen, Mengzhen, Huang, Sunbin, Tian, Mingyi (2020): A New Species of the Aphaenopsian Genus Sinaphaenops Uéno and Wang, with Notes on Male Genitalia of S. Orthogenys Uéno (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (2): 343-350, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.2.343, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/5b9a311d-4860-34c5-84f5-e04e7fe6337b/
