identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B6E52D22FC645F259FBBB639E4892775.text	B6E52D22FC645F259FBBB639E4892775.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antocha (Antocha) bifida Alexander 1924	<div><p>Antocha (Antocha) bifida Alexander</p><p>Figs 1, 2</p><p>Antocha bifida Alexander, 1924: 564; Antocha pallida Lackschewitz 1964: 716 (synonym).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>China – Xinjiang U. A. R. • 1 ♂; Burqin, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.5705&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.4301" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.5705/lat 48.4301)">Hemu</a>; 1046 m a. s. l.; 48.4301°N, 87.5705°E; 21 Jul. 2016; J. L. Ren leg.; Cau • 1 ♂, 9 ♀♀; Burqin, Hemu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.43&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.57" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.43/lat 48.57)">Saibeikezhan</a>; 1098 m a. s. l.; 48.5700°N, 87.4300°E; 22 Jul. 2016; J. L. Ren leg.; light trap leg.; CAU . – Shaanxi Prov. • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Zhouzhi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.83&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.84" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.83/lat 33.84)">Houzhenzhi</a>; 1297 m a. s. l.; 33.8400°N, 107.8300°E; 9 Jul. 2017; X. L. Li leg.; CAU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Yangxian, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.71&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2398" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.71/lat 33.2398)">Huaishuguan</a>; 1297 m a. s. l.; 33.2398°N, 107.7100°E; 12 Jul. 2017; Y. P. Chen leg.; Cau • 20 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀; Yangxian, Yishuizhen, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.436&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.299" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.436/lat 33.299)">Mujiacun</a>; 690 m a. s. l.; 33.2990°N, 107.4360°E; 2 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; Cau • 3 ♂♂, 15 ♀♀; Yangxian, Yaopingxiang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.3542&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.3969" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.3542/lat 33.3969)">Yaoshuba</a>; 600 m a. s. l.; 33.3969°N, 107.3542°E; 3 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; light trap leg.; Cau • 11 ♂♂, 18 ♀♀; Yangxian, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.3969&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.6098" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.3969/lat 33.6098)">Huayangzhen</a>; 1110 m a. s. l.; 33.6098°N, 107.3969°E; 4 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; light trap leg.; Cau • 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Yangxian, Huayangzhen, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.3952&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.6198" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.3952/lat 33.6198)">Yonggou</a>; 1315 m a. s. l.; 33.6198°N, 107.3952°E; 5 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; light trap leg.; Cau • 20 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀; Yangxian, Yishuizhen, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.4299&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.3512" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.4299/lat 33.3512)">Mujiacun</a>; 911 m a. s. l.; 33.3512°N, 107.4299°E; 8 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; Cau • 10 ♂♂, 20 ♀♀; Yangxian, Huayangzhen, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.3928&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.6188" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.3928/lat 33.6188)">Yantou</a>; 1206 m a. s. l.; 33.6188°N, 107.3928°E; 8 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; Cau • 30 ♂♂, 43 ♀♀; Yangxian, Maopingzhen, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.6789&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.4288" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.6789/lat 33.4288)">Shaojiagou</a>; 911 m a. s. l.; 33.4288°N, 107.6789°E; 8 Aug. 2017; X. L. Chen leg.; CAU . – Gansu Prov. • 18 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀; Tianshui, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.33&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.68" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.33/lat 34.68)">Zhangjialinchang</a>; 1339 m a. s. l.; 34.6800°N, 106.3300°E; 13 Jul. 2017; J. L. Zhou leg.; Cau • 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Tianshui, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.33&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.68" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.33/lat 34.68)">Zhangjialinchang</a>; 1339 m a. s. l.; 34.6800°N, 106.3300°E; 13 Jul. 2017; Qilemoge leg.; Cau – Qinghai Prov. • 4 ♂♂; Menyuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.3499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.1159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.3499/lat 37.1159)">Sigou</a>; 2405 m a. s. l. 37.1159°N, 102.3499°E; 18 Jul. 2023; X. Wang leg.; XJAU .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body yellow. Head brown. Antenna short, reaching pronotum if bent backward. Prescutum and presutural scutum with four yellow stripes, central stripes divided 2 / 3 posteriorly. Scutellum with cloud-shaped brown markings, large stripe in middle, two markings at upper-anterior corners. Wing with pale brown cloud-shaped pattern around most veins; stigma grayish-brown; crossvein m-cu nearly connected to M fork. Outer gonostylus goose-head-shaped at apex, mesal part slightly narrower than remaining; inner branch of paramere elongated, with apex acute. Aedeagus tongue-shaped.</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Male. Body length 4.48–5.80 mm, wing length 4.43–6.12 mm, antenna length 0.71–0.83 mm (N = 128).</p><p>Head (Fig. 1 a, b). Mostly brown. Vertex brown. Antenna pale brown, 16 - segmented, reaching base of pronotum if bent backward; scape cylindrical; pedicel narrower at base, with brown distal margin; flagellomeres oval, distal segments elongated, cylindrical, with erect sparse setae (Fig. 1 a, b).</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 1 a, c). Mostly brown. Pronotum brown, with dark-brown apex. Prescutum and presutural scutum yellow, with four indistinct brown stripes; median stripes partially divided posteriorly for approximately 2 / 3 of their length, with a narrow yellow seam between them. Postsutural scutum brown, scutal lobes each with blunt square pale spots at lower posterior corners. Scutellum brown with dark-brown lateral margin. Mediotergite brown, dark-brown marking at upper-anterior corners, with bright-yellow stripes on the upper side of these markings (Fig. 1 c). Legs with fore-coxae brown; mid-coxae and hind-coxae lighter; trochanters yellow, with brown margins; femora pale brown, slightly swollen distally; tibiae pale brown, with brown apices; tarsi brown, pale brown at base of first tarsi (Fig. 3 a). Wing whitish subhyaline; stigma pale brown; veins pale brown, R 1, CuA 1 and A 2 dark brown; crossvein m-cu before M fork (Fig. 1 d). Halter pale brown, subhyaline; knob pale brown (Fig. 1 a).</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 1 a). Mostly brown. Sternites 7–8 with dark-brown stripe in middle. Abdominal setae brownish.</p><p>Hypopygium (Figs 1 e, 2). Mostly brown. Tergite 9 with horned projections and shallow depression at mid-posterior margin (Fig. 2 a). Gonocoxite elongated and cylindrical (Fig. 2). Outer gonostylus sclerotized, blunt at apex; small, shallow depression located approximately 2 / 3 along anterior end. Inner gonostylus fleshy, slightly broader than outer gonostylus, with sparse yellow setae; apex blunt. Aedeagal complex with parameres fused apically, forming flattened arch, base of paramere elongate and slightly curved, extending laterally with a gradual taper at apex. (Figs 1 g, 2 a). Inner branch of paramere in the shape of elongated spike, blackened at apex. Interbase a narrow, elongated, apically acute lobe. Aedeagus tongue-shaped.</p><p>Female. Body length 5.82–6.34 mm, wing length 5.89–6.71 mm, antenna length 0.60–0.83 mm (N = 175). Resembles male in head and wing.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 1 f). Tergite 10 yellow, with brown spot. Cercus narrow, apex slightly raised and tapering. Hypogynial valve straight, yellow, reaching about 1 / 2 of cercus.</p><p>Elevation range in China.</p><p>Adults were collected at altitudes ranging from 600 m to 2400 m.</p><p>Period of activity.</p><p>Adults were collected in July and August.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China (Gansu, Guangdong, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang), Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, North Korea, Philippines, Russia, South Korea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B6E52D22FC645F259FBBB639E4892775	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Qiao, Xue;Wang, Xue;Yang, Ding;Ren, Jinlong	Qiao, Xue, Wang, Xue, Yang, Ding, Ren, Jinlong (2025): New records and a new species of the subgenus Antocha (Antocha) Osten Sacken, 1860 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Northwest China. ZooKeys 1256: 179-194, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1256.135717
9C6909EB8F015F3683FFA6AAE1BD1188.text	9C6909EB8F015F3683FFA6AAE1BD1188.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antocha (Antocha) bimaculata Qiao & Wang & Yang & Ren 2025	<div><p>Antocha (Antocha) bimaculata sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3, 4</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: China – Qinghai Prov. • ♂; Menyuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.5622&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.4478" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.5622/lat 37.4478)">Laohugou</a>; 3029 m a. s. l.; 37.4478°N, 101.5622°E; 26 Jul. 2023; X. Wang leg.; light trap; XJAU . Paratypes: China – Qinghai Prov. • 1 ♂; Menyuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.3499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.1159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.3499/lat 37.1159)">Sigou</a>; 2405 m a. s. l.; 37.1159°N, 102.3499°E; 18 Jul. 2023; X. Wang leg.; light trap; XJAU • 1 ♂; Menyuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.188&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.2078" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.188/lat 37.2078)">Sanchakou</a>; 2709 m a. s. l.; 37.2078°N, 102.1880°E; 21 Jul. 2023; X. Wang leg.; XJAU • 2 ♂♂; Menyuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.3424&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.2527" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.3424/lat 37.2527)">Heiyegou</a>; 2863 m a. s. l.; 37.2527°N, 102.3424°E; 23 Jul. 2023; X. Wang leg.; XJAU • 2 ♂♂; Menyuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.0173&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.2334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.0173/lat 37.2334)">National Highway 569</a>; 2580 m a. s. l.; 37.2334°N, 102.0173°E; 24 Jul. 2023; X. Wang leg.; XJAU .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body brown to dark brown. Antenna long, reaching wing base if bent backward. Prescutum and presutural scutum dark brown, with four dark stripes. Mediotergite dark brown, about twice the length of scutellum, with oval, brown spot at posterior margin. Wing without stigma; crossvein m-cu before M fork, distance about 1 / 5 its own length. Tergite 9 with posterior margin flat, shallow depression at middle. Outer gonostylus slightly curved, distal half blackened, apex blunt. Aedeagal complex with a large sheath at both ends, formed by the apical part of the parameres.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Body length 6.66–7.41 mm, wing length 7.61–8.31 mm, antenna length 1.13–1.34 mm (N = 6).</p><p>Head (Fig. 3 a, b). Mostly dark brown. Vertex with sparse, brown setae along eye margin. Antenna brown, 16 - segmented, reaching wing base if bent backward; scape cylindrical, enlarged; flagellomeres dark brown, terminal four segments pale brown (Fig. 3 a, b).</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 3 a, c). Mostly dark brown. Pronotum dark brown. Prescutum and presutural scutum dark brown, with four indistinct dark stripes. Postsutural scutum dark brown, middle area yellowish brown. Scutellum dark brown with yellowish-brown band at middle. Mediotergite long, dark brown, twice as long as scutellum, posterior margin with two oval, brown spots (Fig. 3 c). Legs with fore-coxae dark brown; mid-coxae and hind-coxae lighter, pale-brown markings; trochanters pale brown, with dark-brown margins; femora brown, slightly swollen distally; tibiae brown, with dark-brown apices; tarsi dark brown (Fig. 3 a). Wing gray subhyaline, without stigma; veins generally brown, R 1 and Sc with apices pale yellow; crossvein m-cu before M fork, distance about 1 / 5 its length; cell dm approximately twice as long as wide (Fig. 3 d). Halter with stem gray, knob brown in distal half.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 3 a). Mainly dark brown. Tergites 1–6 grayish brown, tergites 7–8 dark brown. Sternites 1–6 pale brown, sternites 7–8 dark brown. Abdominal setae brownish.</p><p>Hypopygium (Figs 3 e, 4). Mostly brown. Tergite 9 dark brown, wider than long; posterior margin flat, strongly sclerotized, densely covered with setae, with shallow depression at middle (Fig. 4 a). Gonocoxite nearly cylindrical, densely covered by long, brown setae (Fig. 4). Outer gonostylus slightly curved, distal half blackened, apex blunt. Inner gonostylus slightly curved, with short, sparse setae. Aedeagal complex with parameres exhibiting a distinct apical excavation, large sheath at both ends, base of paramere elongated; inner branch of paramere elongated, membranuous, apically rounded; interbase short, wider than inner branch of paramere and aedeagus, apically blunt. Aedeagus rod-shaped (Figs 3 e, 4 a).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Elevation range in China.</p><p>Adults were collected at altitudes ranging from 2000 m to 3000 m.</p><p>Period of activity.</p><p>Adults were collected only in late July.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China (Qinghai: Menyuan).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific name (from Latin bimaculatus (adj., meaning “ two spots ”) refers to the two spots at the posterior margin of mediotergite.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This new species closely resembles A. (A.) styx Alexander, 1930 in body coloration, the morphology of male head, wings and hypopygium. However, it can be distinguished from the latter based on the following characteristics: in A. (A.) bimaculata sp. nov., the flagellomeres are ellipsoidal, with the last two segments being elongated; the prescutum and presutural scutum are entirely dark brown, featuring four indistinct dark stripes; the mediotergite is dark brown, with two oval brown spots on the posterior margin; and the outer gonostylus without emargination on its inner margin. In A. (A.) styx, the flagellomeres decrease in size towards the apex; the prescutum and presutural scutum are dark brown with lighter areas laterally and three confluent blackish-brown stripes; the mediotergite is blackish brown, with indistinct brownish spots on both sides; and the outer gonostylus has a small emargination on its inner margin (Podenas and Yang 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C6909EB8F015F3683FFA6AAE1BD1188	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Qiao, Xue;Wang, Xue;Yang, Ding;Ren, Jinlong	Qiao, Xue, Wang, Xue, Yang, Ding, Ren, Jinlong (2025): New records and a new species of the subgenus Antocha (Antocha) Osten Sacken, 1860 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Northwest China. ZooKeys 1256: 179-194, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1256.135717
7BD29BB525555B51A3C6FBD2B45E41D6.text	7BD29BB525555B51A3C6FBD2B45E41D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antocha (Antocha) chonsaniana Podenas 2015	<div><p>Antocha (Antocha) chonsaniana Podenas</p><p>Figs 5, 6</p><p>Antocha (Antocha) chonsaniana Podenas, 2015: 3 .</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>China – Gansu Prov. • 25 ♂♂; Tianshui, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.33&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.68" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.33/lat 34.68)">Zhangjialinchang</a>; 1339 m a. s. l.; 34.6800°N, 106.3300°E; 13 Jul. 2017, Qilemoge leg.; CAU • 22 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Tianshui, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.33&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.68" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.33/lat 34.68)">Zhangjialinchang</a>; 1339 m a. s. l.; 34.6800°N, 106.3300°E; 13 Jul. 2017, J. L. Zhou leg.; Cau . – Shaanxi Prov. • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Yangxian, Maopingzhen, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.6789&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.4288" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.6789/lat 33.4288)">Shaojiagou</a>; 911 m a. s. l.; 33.4288°N, 107.6789°E; 8 Aug. 2017, X. L. Chen leg.; CAU .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body brown. Antenna short, reaching base of prescutum if bent backward. Prescutum and presutural scutum with three darker brown stripes on brown background. Wing grayish brown; stigma slightly darker, barely noticeable; crossvein m-cu before M fork, distance about 1 / 4 its length. Tergite 9 with posterior margin having shallow depression at middle; outer gonostylus strongly sclerotised, wide at base, narrowed to blunt apex. Aedeagus sword-shaped, blunt at apex. Inner branch of paramere elongated, blackened and blunt at apex. Interbase a narrow, elongated, apically acute lobe. Ovipositor with long, narrow cercus, apex raised, tapering; hypogynial valvae long, straight, reaching half cercus.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Body length 4.39–4.87 mm, wing length 4.54–4.79 mm, antenna length 0.86–1.16 mm (N = 49).</p><p>Head (Fig. 5 a, b). Mostly pale brown. Vertex brown. Antenna pale brown, 16 - segmented, reaching base if bent backward; scape cylindrical; pedicel narrower at base, distal margin brown; flagellomeres oval, distal segments elongated, cylindrical, with erect, sparse setae (Fig. 5 a, b).</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 5 a, c). Mostly brown. Pronotum brown, with large dark brown spot in middle. Prescutum and presutural scutum brown, with three dark-brown stripes. Postsutural scutum brown, scutal lobes each with blunt, square, dark spots on anterior middle. Scutellum brown, with black lateral margin. Mediotergite brown, dark-brown marking at upper-anterior corners, with pale-brown stripes on the upper side of these markings (Fig. 5 c). Legs with fore-coxae pale brown; mid-coxae and hind-coxae lighter; trochanters pale brown with brown margins; femora pale brown, slightly swollen distally; tibiae brown, brown apices; tarsi brown, pale brown at base of first tarsi (Fig. 5 a, e). Wing grayish brown; stigma slightly darker, barely noticeable; R 1, CuA 1 and A 2 brown; crossvein m-cu before M fork, distance about 1 / 4 its length (Fig. 5 d). Halter pale brown, subhyaline; knob pale brown (Fig. 5 a).</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 5 a). Mostly pale brown. Sternites 7–8 with brown stripe in middle. Abdominal setae brownish.</p><p>Hypopygium (Figs 5 f, 6). Mostly brown. Tergite 9 with dark-brown stripes in middle, shallow depression at mid-posterior margin (Fig. 6 a). Gonocoxite cylindrical, inner margin concave (Fig. 6). Outer gonostylus strongly sclerotized, wide at base, narrowed to blunt apex, bent inward. Inner gonostylus fleshy, slightly broader than outer gonostylus, covered with sparse, yellow setae; apex blunt. Aedeagal complex with parameres fused apically, base of paramere elongated, extending laterally with a gradual taper at apex (Figs 5 f, 6 a). Inner branch of paramere elongated, blackened and blunt at apex. Interbase a narrow, elongated, apically acute lobe. Aedeagus sword-shaped, blunt at apex.</p><p>Female. Body length 5.29–6.05 mm, wing length 5.37–5.61 mm, antenna length 0.84–1.24 mm (N = 3). Resembles male in head and wing.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 5 g). Tergite 10 yellow, with brown spot. Cercus long, narrow, apex slightly raised and tapering. Hypogynial valve, straight, yellow, reaching about 1 / 2 of cercus.</p><p>Elevation range in China.</p><p>Adults were collected at altitudes ranging from 900 m to 1400 m.</p><p>Period of activity.</p><p>Adults were collected in July and August.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>China (Gansu: Tianshui; Shaanxi: Yangxian), North Korea.</p><p>Remark.</p><p>This is the first report of this species from China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7BD29BB525555B51A3C6FBD2B45E41D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Qiao, Xue;Wang, Xue;Yang, Ding;Ren, Jinlong	Qiao, Xue, Wang, Xue, Yang, Ding, Ren, Jinlong (2025): New records and a new species of the subgenus Antocha (Antocha) Osten Sacken, 1860 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Northwest China. ZooKeys 1256: 179-194, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1256.135717
1A5A9BABC270583D9DAB79338A3847E7.text	1A5A9BABC270583D9DAB79338A3847E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antocha (Antocha) turkestanica de Meijere 1921	<div><p>Antocha (Antocha) turkestanica de Meijere</p><p>Figs 7, 8, 9</p><p>Antocha turkestanica de Meijere, 1921: 107; Antocha libitina Alexander, 1960: 159 (synonym); Taphrophila afghana Nielsen, 1962: 167 (synonym).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>China – Xinjiang U. A. R. • 7 ♂♂; Gongliu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=82.825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.2549" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 82.825/lat 43.2549)">Kuerdening</a>; 1140 m a. s. l.; 43.2549°N, 82.8250°E; 26 Jul. 2017, J. L. Ren leg.; Cau • 1 ♂; Zhaosu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=81.0098&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.4399" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 81.0098/lat 43.4399)">Qiongbola</a>; 1815 m a. s. l.; 43.4399°N, 81.0098°E; 30 Jul. 2017, B. Zhang leg.; Cau • 10 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Wenquan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=81.0354&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.9799" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 81.0354/lat 44.9799)">Heba</a>; 1300 m a. s. l.; 44.9799°N, 81.0354°E; 31 Jul. 2017, J. L. Ren leg.; Cau • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Yumin, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.7853&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.8478" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.7853/lat 46.8478)">165 Regiment</a>; 902 m a. s. l.; 46.8478°N, 86.7853°E; 2 Aug. 2017, J. L. Ren leg.; Cau • 10 ♂♂; Yumin, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.7895&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.6602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.7895/lat 48.6602)">Tasi river</a>; 987 m a. s. l.; 48.6602°N, 86.7895°E; 3 Aug. 2017, B. Zhang leg.; Cau • 2 ♂♂; Zhaosu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=81.245&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.0478" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 81.245/lat 43.0478)">Balekesu</a>; 1634 m a. s. l.; 43.0478°N, 81.2450°E; 24 Jul. 2024, J. L. Ren leg.; light trap; XJAU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Tekesi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=82.1894&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.9149" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 82.1894/lat 42.9149)">Tekesi</a>; 2037 m a. s. l.; 42.9149°N, 82.1894°E; 27 Jul. 2024, J. L. Ren leg.; light trap; XJAU • 30 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; Gongliu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=82.7471&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.0582" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 82.7471/lat 43.0582)">Qiaxisenlin</a>; 1680 m a. s. l.; 43.0582°N, 82.7471°E; 27 Jul. 2024, J. L. Ren leg.; light trap; XJAU • 50 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀; Gongliu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=82.5981&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.059" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 82.5981/lat 43.059)">Qiaxisenlin</a>; 2026 m a. s. l.; 43.0590°N, 82.5981°E; 28 Jul. 2024, X. Qiao leg.; XJAU .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Body dark brown. Antenna long, reaching wing base if bent backward. Prescutum and presutural scutum with four dark-brown stripes, central stripes divided 3 / 4 posteriorly; mediotergite dark brown, without grain. Wing pale gray, without stigma; vein CuA brown, wider and darker than other veins; crossvein m-cu almost connected to M fork. Tergite 9 with Y-shaped depression at middle, divided into two lobes, posterolateral margin with round projection; outer gonostylus strongly curved, base yellow, distal 2 / 3 blackened, apex slightly bifid. Aedeagus apically bifid; inner branch of paramere dark brown, base darker; interbase a narrow, apically blunt lobe.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Body length 6.11–6.38 mm, wing length 6.57–6.89 mm, antenna length 0.83–0.99 mm (N = 115).</p><p>Head (Fig. 7 a, b). Mostly brown. Vertex dark brown. Antenna light brown, 16 - segmented, reaching wing base if bent backward; scape cylindrical; pedicel narrower at base, brown distal margin; flagellomeres oval, distal segments elongated cylindrical, with erect sparse setae and pale tips (Fig. 7 a, b).</p><p>Thorax (Fig. 7 a, c). Mostly brown. Pronotum brown, large dark-brown spot in middle. Prescutum and presutural scutum brown, with four dark brown stripes; central stripes divided 3 / 4 posteriorly, with pale-brown seam; mediotergite dark brown, without grain. Postsutural scutum brown, middle and posterior margin lighter in color. Scutellum brown with dark-brown lateral margin. Mediotergite dark brown (Fig. 7 c). Legs with fore-coxae dark brown; mid-coxae and hind-coxae lighter; trochanters pale brown; femora pale brown, slightly swollen distally; tibiae pale brown, brown apices; tarsi brown, pale brown at base of first tarsi (Fig. 7 a, e). Wing pale gray, without stigma; vein CuA brown, wider and darker than other veins; crossvein m-cu almost connected to M fork (Fig. 7 d). Halter pale brown, subhyaline; knob pale brown (Fig. 7 a).</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 7 a). Mostly brown. Sternites 7–8 with dark brown stripe in middle. Abdominal setae black.</p><p>Hypopygium (Figs 6, 7e). Mostly brown. Tergite 9 with Y-shaped depression at middle, divided into two lobes, posterior margin with round projection on each side (Fig. 8 a). Gonocoxite cylindrical, inner margin concave (Fig. 8). Outer gonostylus strongly curved, base yellow, distal 2 / 3 blackened, apex slightly bifid. Inner gonostylus fleshy, slightly broader than outer gonostylus, with sparse, yellow setae, blunt apex. Aedeagal complex with parameres fused apically, forming flattened arch, base of paramere clover-shaped, with a gradual taper at apex (Figs 7 f, 8 a). Inner branch of paramere gradually tapering from the middle to the apex, dark brown, base darker. Interbase a narrow, elongated, apically acute lobe. Aedeagus bifid at apex.</p><p>Female. Body length 6.86–7.89 mm, wing length 7.94–8.61 mm, antenna length 1.24–1.33 mm (N = 37). Resembles male in head and wing.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 7 g). Tergite 10 yellow, with brown spot. Cercus long, narrow, apex slightly raised and tapering. Hypogynial valvae, straight, yellow, reaching about 2 / 3 of cercus.</p><p>Elevation range in China.</p><p>Adults were collected at altitudes ranging from 900 m to 2100 m.</p><p>Period of activity.</p><p>Adults were collected in July and August.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>The adults of this species exhibit phototaxis and gregarious behavior (Fig. 9). They typically inhabit areas near flowing streams and rest on rocks adjacent to the water surface during the daytime.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Afghanistan, China (Xinjiang: Yumin, Gongliu, Tekesi, Wenquan, Yumin, Zhaosu), Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan.</p><p>Remark.</p><p>This is the first report of this species from China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A5A9BABC270583D9DAB79338A3847E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Qiao, Xue;Wang, Xue;Yang, Ding;Ren, Jinlong	Qiao, Xue, Wang, Xue, Yang, Ding, Ren, Jinlong (2025): New records and a new species of the subgenus Antocha (Antocha) Osten Sacken, 1860 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Northwest China. ZooKeys 1256: 179-194, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1256.135717
