identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5D2DF632FF9EFFC48EDDFD30CFB0FA20.text	5D2DF632FF9EFFC48EDDFD30CFB0FA20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neparholaspis Evans 1956	<div><p>Genus Neparholaspis Evans, 1956</p><p>Neparholapis Evans, 1956: 361. Type species: Neparholaspis spathulatus Evans, 1956, by original designation. Neparholaspis .— Krantz, 1960: 400; Petrova, 1967a: 50; Petrova, 1977: 343; Ishikawa, 1979: 262; Tseng, 1993: 82; Karg, 1993:115.</p><p>Tricholaspis Evans, 1956: 359 . Type species Tricholaspis marginipilis Evans, 1956, by original designation. Synonymy by Krantz, 1960.</p><p>Diagnosis. Dorsal shield entire, reticulated, with 29–30 pairs of setae (more than 40 pairs of setae in Neparholaspis marginipilis (Evans, 1956)); setae may be acicular, spatulate, pilose or whip-like. Presternal area with one or two pairs of free presternal shields, or with one pair of interconnected fragments. Sternal shield with three pairs of acicular setae. Metasternal shields fused with sternal and/or endopodal shields III, or free; normally with a pair of metasternal St4 setae, except N. crispus without metasternal setae. Genital shield free, with a pair of genital setae St5. Peritrematal shields fused with endopodal, exopodal and ventri-anal shields. Females with or without expulsory vesicles (postero-stigmal organs, glands gv2), located in the ventri-anal shield posterior to coxae IV. Peritrematal shields in some species with one or two pairs of conspicuous poroids, but usually all peritrematal poroids are small and inconspicuous. Ventri-anal shield fused with peritermatal shields, with four or six pairs of simple ventral setae. Epistome subtriangular or with median projection, with smooth or serrated margins. Corniculus longer than movable digit of chelicera. Dorsal seta of chelicera wedge-shaped. Chelicera of female with crown-like and oblong setal brushes at the base of movable digit. Legs II–IV with claws; legs I with or without claws. Males with a holoventral shield; without expulsory vesicles (conspicuous glands gv2); movable digit of male with sperm transfer organ.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D2DF632FF9EFFC48EDDFD30CFB0FA20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Marchenko, Irina I.	Marchenko, Irina I. (2016): A new species of Neparholaspis (Acari: Parholaspididae) from Russia, with additional information on Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960. Zootaxa 4154 (4): 453-465, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.4.5
5D2DF632FF9EFFC38EDDF94ECD4BFDF6.text	5D2DF632FF9EFFC38EDDF94ECD4BFDF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neparholaspis dubatolovi	<div><p>Neparholaspis dubatolovi sp. nov.</p><p>Diagnosis (female). Dorsal shield entire, with 30 pairs of acicular, long, curved setae, except two pairs of short setae j1 and z1; with 21 pairs of small poroids; with punctiform reticulation; with strip of soft integument from setae r2 along the shield; narrowing in the region of location of setae r6. A pair of free presternal shields present. Sternal shield ornamented by punctiform curved lines. Metasternal shields free, small, rounded, each with lyrifissure and acicular seta. Genital shield with punctiform reticulation and pair of longitudinal lines mediad of setae St5; with distinct corners at the level of setae St5. Genital lyrifissures iv5 located on the anterior margin of ventri-anal shield. Ventri-anal shield broadened anteriorly, subtriangular; with punctiform reticulation, fused with peritrematal shields anteriorly of stigmata, at level of posterior part of edge III. Anterior margin of ventrianal shield with a notch embracing posterior margin of genital shield. Ventrianal shield with four pairs of acicular pre-anal setae (Jv1–Jv3, Zv1), lyrifissures iv5 and glands gv3. Ventral soft integument with five pairs of opisthogastric setae (Jv4, Jv5, Zv2–Zv4) and three pairs of poroids. Metapodal shields elongate, located close to lateral margins of ventri-anal shields at level of setae Zv1 or fused with shield. Peritrematal shields broadened at level of coxae III; fused anteriorly with dorsal shield, medially with exopodals, except for a slit between coxae I and II, with sternal, endopodal III and IV shields and with ventri-anal shield at level of posterior parts of coxae III; carrying five pairs of normal small poroids (ip1–ip3, gp1, gp2) and one pair of enlarged poroid-like structures, located anteriolaterad to stigmata, at level of coxae III. Peritreme extending anteriorly and dorsally to the insertion of setae j2 or lyrifissures idj1. Exopodal shields IV fused with peritrematal shields, carrying glands gv2 with two openings. Femur IV with five setae, anterolateral swelling and small rounded posterolateral protuberance. All legs with claws, pretarsus consisting of ambulacral stalk, a pair of sclerotised claws and rounded pulvillus; legs I with claws smaller than other.</p><p>Description. Female (Figs 1–14, 8 specimens measured)</p><p>Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 1). Dorsal shield entire, suboval, 860–910 long, 505–540 wide at widest point at level of coxae IV; slightly narrowed near setae r6, R1; with narrow rim along the shield from setae r2; with punctiform reticulate pattern throughout, more distinct in opisthonotal region; shield surrounded by strip of soft integument from setae r2 around the shield. Measurements of dorsal idiosoma including soft strip: 865–920 long and 560–625 wide. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of long, acicular, curved setae (113–130), except two pairs of short setae j1 (50– 55) and z1 (20–25). Podonotal region with 18 pairs of setae and 10 poroids; opisthonotal region with 12 pairs of setae and 11 pairs of poroids. Marginal soft integument with 11 pairs of long acicular, curved setae: r6, R1–R7 and UR5–UR6 (105-130).</p><p>Ventral idiosoma. (Figs 2–14). Base of tritosternum 50–55 long and 25–28 wide, pilose laciniae 150–160 long (Fig. 2), flanked by a pair of elongate sclerotised presternal plates. Sternal shield fused with endopodal shields I and II and peritrematal shields. Sternal shield 155–170 long at mid-line and 160–170 wide at narrowest point between coxae II; extending posteriorly to the middle of coxae III; anterior margin slightly to moderately concave, posterior margin more strongly; ornamented with punctiform curved lines; carrying three pair of acicular setae St1– St3 (50–58), and two pairs of slit-like lyrifissures iv1, iv2 (Figs 3, 13). Metasternal shields free, small, rounded, each with acicular St4 seta (58–65) and lyrifissure iv4. Genital shield 180–200 long and 160–170 wide at level of St5 setae, with punctiform reticulation and pair of longitudinal lines mediad of St5 setae; truncate posteriorly; with distinct corners at level of St5 setae, genital setae St5 acicular (75–80) (Fig. 3). Genital lyrifissures iv5 located on the anterior margin of ventri-anal shield. Ventri-anal shield broadened anteriorly, subtriangular, 270–310 long and 470–500 wide at level of Jv1 setae; with punctiform reticulation, fused with peritrematal shields anteriorly of stigmata, at level of posterior margin of coxae III. Anterior margin of ventri-anal shield with a notch embracing posterior margin of the genital shield. Shield with four pairs of acicular pre-anal setae (Jv1–Jv3, Zv1), three circumanal setae, lyrifissures iv5 and glands gv3. Para-anal setae slightly longer than post-anal seta; bases of para-anal setae located at level of anterior margin of anal opening. Ventral soft integument with five pairs of opisthogastric setae (Jv4, Jv5, Zv2–Zv4) and three pairs of circular lyrifissures. Length of opisthogastric setae: Jv1 (80–85), Jv2 (85–93), Jv3 (85–100), Jv4 (100–110), Jv5 (110–118), Zv1 (85–92), Zv2 (75–85), Zv3 (100–115), Zv4 (95110), para-anal (50–53), post-anal (40–50). Metapodal shields elongate, located close to lateral margins of ventri-anal shields at level of setae Zv1 or fused with shield. Peritrematal shields broadened at level of coxae III (Figs 4, 14); fused anteriorly with dorsal shield, medially with exopodals, except for a slit between coxae I and II, with sternal, endopodal shields III and IV and with ventri-anal shield at level of posterior level of coxae III; carrying five pairs of normal small poroids: pores ip1–ip3, glandes gp1, gp2 and one pair of enlarged poroid-like structure, diameter 33–37 (Fig. 14, arrow), located anteriolaterad to stigmata, at level of coxae III. Peritreme extending anteriorly and dorsally the insertion of setae j2 or lyrifissures idj1; from ventral view extended to level of coxae I. Exopodal shields IV fused with peritrematal shields, carrying glands gv2 with two openings.</p><p>Spermathecal structures not evident.</p><p>Gnathosoma. Fixed digit of chelicera 80–82 long, with six teeth in addition to bidentate apical hook and setiform pilus dentilis (Fig. 5); movable digit 80–82 long, with three teeth in addition to bidentate apical hook; with a diagonal flange on outer surface of digit and basal transverse relief line. Chelicera with wedge-shaped dorsal seta, lateral (antiaxial) and dorsal (paraxial) lyrifissures; with crown-like and oblong (ventral pilose seta) setal brushes. Epistome subtriangular, with irregularly finely serrated edges, and median serrated projection (Fig. 6). Corniculi 125–130 long and 22–25 wide at widest point of base; 1.5 times longer than movable digit of chelicera. Internal malae pilose on outer margin, slightly shorter than corniculi (Fig. 7). Deutosternal groove with six denticulate rows, each bearing 7–20 denticles, and smooth basal row; seta h1 (88–90) longest, h2 (40–45), h3 (45–50), pc (38– 40). Palp genu with setae al1 and al2 spine-like, palp apotele 3-tined, medial tine conspicuous distally spatulate (Fig. 8).</p><p>Legs. Lengths: I 730–750, II 560–580, III 480–520, IV 720–760 µm. Chaetotaxy of legs I–IV: coxae—2 (0 0/ 2 0), 2 (0 0/2 0), 2 (0 0/2 0), 1 (0 0/1 0); trochanters—5 (1 1/2 1), 5 (1 0/3 1), 5 (1 0/3 1), 5 (1 0/3 1); femora—13 (2 5/4 2), 11 (2 5/2 2), 6 (1 3/1 1), 5 (1 3/1 0); genua—11 (2 4/3 2), 11 (2 5/2 2), 8 (2 4/1 1), 8 (2 4/1 1); tibiae—12 (2 5/3 2), 10 (2 4/2 2), 8 (1 4/2 1), 8 (1 4/2 1); tarsi II–IV: 18, 18, 18. Tarsus II with one spur-like seta al1 (Fig. 9), all other legs setae smooth, acicular. Femur IV carrying five setae, with anterolateral swelling and posterolateral small rounded protuberance (Fig. 10). All legs with claws, pretarsus consisting of ambulacral stalk, a pair of sclerotised claws and rounded pulvillus with five lobes; legs I with claws smaller than other (Fig. 11).</p><p>Male. (Figs 17–21, 6 specimen measured)</p><p>Dorsal idiosoma. Dorsal shield 720–780 long, 480–500 wide, oval shape; with narrow rim along the shield from setae r2, surrounded by narrow strip of soft integument from setae r2 along the shield as in female. Measurements of dorsal idiosoma with strip of soft integument 740–800 long and 500–540 wide. Ornamentation and chaetotaxy similar to that of female.</p><p>Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 17). Base of tritosternum 40–42 long and 25–26 wide; laciniae pilose, 145–150 long. Holoventral shield 570–620 long, 150–160 wide in sternal region between coxae II, and 400–430 wide at the widest point at level of coxae IV; ornamented with punctiform curved lines in sternogenital region and with punctiform reticulation in ventri-anal region. Sternogenital region bearing five pairs of smooth acicular setae St1– St5 (45–60), four pairs of lyrifissures (iv1–iv3, iv5) and pair of glands gv2 behind coxae IV. Ventri-anal region of holoventral shield with four pairs of pre-anal setae Jv1–Jv3, Zv1 (75–90), pair of para-anal setae (48–50) and postanal seta (37–40), three pairs of circular lyrifissures and a pair of glands gv3. Peritrematal region of holoventral shield with five pairs of poroids (ip1–ip3, gp1, gp2). Soft integument around holoventral shield with four pairs of opisthogastric setae Jv4, Jv5 (92–100) and Zv3, Zv4 (75–88), three pairs of dorso-marginal setae UR5–UR6, R7 and two pairs of circular lyrifissures.</p><p>Gnathosoma. Fixed digit of chelicera 75–76 long, with six teeth in addition to apical tooth and setiform pilus dentilis, with massive overhang from the mid-lengths of digit, movable digit 77–78 long, unidentate in addition to apical tooth, with complex spermatodactyl structure, dorsal process 58 long (projecting part), ventral setiform process 43 long, setal crown-like brush at base of digit (Fig. 18). Cheliceral wedge-shaped dorsal seta, lateral (antiaxial) and dorsal (paraxial) lyrifissures as in female. Corniculi 117–119 long and 23–25 wide; longer than chelicerae. Epistome as in female. Hypostomal structure and setae as in female.</p><p>Legs. Lengths: I 750–780, II 620650, III 480510, IV 710–750. Chaetotaxy of legs I–IV: coxae—2 (0 0/2 0), 2 (0 0/2 0), 2 (0 0/2 0), 1 (0 0/1 0); trochanter s– 5 (1 1/2 1), 5 (1 0/3 1), 5 (1 0/3 1), 5 (1 0/3 1); femora—13 (2 5/4 2), 12 (2 5/3 2), 6 (1 3/1 1), 6 (1 3/1 1); genua—12 (2 5/3 2), 10 (2 4/2 2), 8 (2 3/2 1), 8 (2 4/1 1); tibiae—12 (2 5/3 2), 10 (2 3/3 2), 8 (2 3/2 1), 8 (2 3/2 1); tarsi II–IV: 18, 18, 18. Leg II with one ventral large, bifurcate spur-like projection on femur (Fig. 19), for one small rounded spur-like seta on genu and tibia and one small oblong spur-like seta on tarsus (Fig. 20). Femur IV with six setae, with anterolateral swelling and small rounded posterolateral protuberance (Fig. 21). All legs with pretarsus, ambulacral stalk, a pair sclerotised claws and rounded pulvillus with five lobes; legs I with claws smaller than other.</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.56667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.56667/lat 48.3)">Material</a> examined. Holotype female, Russia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.56667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.56667/lat 48.3)">Far East</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.56667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.56667/lat 48.3)">North-East</a> of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.56667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.56667/lat 48.3)">Sikhote-Alin Ridge</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.56667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.56667/lat 48.3)">Botchinskii Nature Reserve</a>, valley of Solonchakovaya and Mohovaya creeks (48 °18’N, 139°34’E, 200 m a.s.l.), Larix sp. forest, in litter, 17 September 2015, coll. V.V. Dubatolov . Paratypes. 4 females and 4 males, same data as in holotype; 3 females, 1 male, same geographical region (48°19’N, 139°37’E, 200 m a.s.l.), coniferous forest with Abies sp. and Picea sp. on hillside, in litter, 16 July and 18 September 2015, coll. V.V. Dubatolov; 1 male, same geographical region (48°19’N, 139°37’E, 450 m a.s.l.), coniferous forest with Abies sp. and Picea sp. on rocks, in moss, 17 September 2015, coll. V.V. Dubatolov.</p><p>Holotype and paratypes (4 females and 4 males) are deposited in Zoological Museum of ISEA, Novosibirsk, Russia ; some paratypes (3 females, 2 males) are kept in arthropod collection of Manchester Museum, United Kingdom .</p><p>Etymology. The species is dedicated to my colleague, Russian expert on butterflies, Dr. Vladimir V. Dubatolov (ISEA, Novosibirsk) for his dedication to science and helping in my research. Dr. Vladimir V. Dubatolov collected soil and litter samples, extracted microarthropods in the field conditions in Far East of Russia at my request for many years.</p><p>Remarks. Neparholaspis dubatolovi is similar to two Asian species with one pair of conspicuous poroids on the peritrematal shields: N. serratichela Ishikawa, 1979 and N. longiligulatus Tseng, 1993 . The poroids of both these species are located posterior to the stigmata and correspond to glands gp 2. Also the new species is similar to the North American species N. evansi Krantz, 1960, with two conspicuous glands: one located anteriolaterad to the stigmata, between coxae II–III, the other posterior to the stigmata and corresponding to glands gp1 and gp2. Enlarged poroid-like structures of N. dubatolovi are located anteriolaterad to the stigmata, at the level of coxae III, and does not have an analogue in known species of genus Neparholaspis . Other characters of these species are also different.</p><p>The form of the ventri-anal shield of N. dubatolovi is similar to that of three Gamasholaspis species from China: G. imiteothenomydis Ma, 2004, G. aliventroanalis Ma &amp; Lin, 2011, and G. subaliventrofnalis Ma &amp; Lin, 2014 . The ventri-anal shields of these species are broadened anteriorly, subtriangular in shape; the anterior margin of the ventri-anal shield has a notch that encloses the posterior margin of the genital shield. The ventri-anal shield of N. dubatolovi is fused with the peritrematal shields, as normal for the genus Neparholaspis feature. Species of genus Gamasholaspis have separate ventri-anal shields.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D2DF632FF9EFFC38EDDF94ECD4BFDF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Marchenko, Irina I.	Marchenko, Irina I. (2016): A new species of Neparholaspis (Acari: Parholaspididae) from Russia, with additional information on Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960. Zootaxa 4154 (4): 453-465, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.4.5
5D2DF632FF98FFC28EDDFF14CAC0F826.text	5D2DF632FF98FFC28EDDFF14CAC0F826.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neparholaspis evansi Krantz 1960	<div><p>Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960</p><p>(Figs 15–16, 22–25)</p><p>Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960: 401</p><p>Material examined: paratype female, U.S.A., Oregon, 2 miles north of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-124.066666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.416668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -124.066666/lat 44.416668)">Waldport</a>, under Pinus contorta, in litter, 1 February 1959, coll. J.D. Lattin. Coordinates of Waldport— 44°25’N, 124°04’W. This paratype was transferred from Oregon State University to ISEA, Novosibirsk .</p><p>Female. Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 23). Dorsal shield entire, oval, 990 long, 690 wide at level of setae J1–J1; with strip of soft integument around shield beginning with setae s1. Measurements of dorsal idiosoma including soft strip: 1020 long and 705 wide. Surface of shield with punctiform reticulation, more distinct in opisthonotal region. Shield with 29 pairs of simple long curved or whip-like setae, 88–125 long, except one pair of short setae j1, 38 long. Podonotal region with 17 pairs of setae: setae z1 absent, setae r6 located in soft ventral integument; 10 pairs of poroids, including two pairs of enlarged glands gdz1 and gds4. Opishonotal region with 12 pairs of setae and 11 pairs of poroids, including two enlarged glands gdZ2 and gdS5. Marginal soft integument with three pairs of acicular setae R5–R7, 88–90 long.</p><p>Ventral idiosoma. (Fig. 22). Base of tritosternum 50 long and 25 wide, pilose laciniae 150 long. A pair of free, sclerotised, elongate presternal shields present. Sternal shield fused with endopodal I–II and peritrematal shields. Sternal shield 200 long at mid-line and 167 wide at narrowest point between coxae II; extending posteriorly to the middle of coxae III; slightly concave on anterior margin and medially concave on posterior margin; ornamented with punctiform curved lines, more distinct in central region; with three pairs of acicular setae St1–St3 (60–65) and two pairs of slit-like lyrifissures (iv1, iv2) (Fig. 15). Metasternal shields free, small, rounded, partially overlaping posterior margin of sternal shield, anterior margin of genital shield and endopodal III shields; each with acicular setae St4 (65) and lyrifissure iv4. Genital shield wider than long: 155 long and 205 wide at level of St5 setae (77); rounded anteriorly and truncate posteriorly; without distinct punctiform ornamentation. Ventri-anal shield 415 long and 485 wide at widest point at level of Jv2 setae; with punctiform reticulation; fused with peritrematal shields at level of posterior margins of IV coxae; divided from peritrematal shields by short narrow slits. Shield carrying a pair of “expulsory vesicles” or enlarged glands gv2, located in antero-lateral regions of shield, posterior to coxae IV; enlarged glands gv3, genital lyrifissures iv5, located on the anterior margin; three pairs of circular lyrifissures and four pairs of pre-anal setae Jv1–Jv4, Zv1 (88–93), three circum-anal setae, bases of para-anal setae (50) located at level of anterior margin of anal opening, post-anal seta not clearly visible. Ventral soft integument with four pairs of setae: dorso-marginal seta r6 (88), three pairs of opisthogastric setae Jv4, Zv3, Zv4 (88–93) and three pairs of circular lyrifissures. Metapodal shields absent. Peritrematal shields fused anteriorly with dorsal shield, medially with exopodals, endopodals, sternal and posteriorly with ventri-anal shields. Peritrematal shields carrying four pairs of distinct poroids: two pairs of lyrifissures ip1, ip2 and two pairs of enlarged glands: gp1, located between coxae II–III and gp2 posterior to stigmata (Fig. 16). Peritreme extending anteriorly and dorsally lyrifissurees idj1 or insertion of setae j2; or to middle of coxae I from ventral view. All glands on dorsal and ventral parts of idiosoma enlarged, similar in structure, with the exception of largest glands gv2 or “expulsory vesicles” with a specific internal structure.</p><p>Spermathecal structures not evident.</p><p>Gnathosoma. Fixed digit of chelicera 75 long, with six teeth in addition to to bidentate apical hook (Fig. 24); pilus dentilis not visible; movable digit 73 long, with three teeth in addition to tri-dentate apical hook, with diagonal flange on outer surface of digit and basal transverse relief line. Chelicera with dorsal (paraxial), lateral (antiaxial) lyrifissures, dorsal wedge-shaped seta; crown-like and oblong setal brushes. Epistome as in original description and illustration of Krantz (1960). Corniculi 115 long and 45 wide at widest point of base; 1.57 times longer than movable digit of chelicera (Fig. 25). Internal malae pilose on outer margin. Deutosternal groove with six denticulate rows, each bearings 6–22 denticles and smooth basal raw, seta h1 (92) longer than other: h2 (30), h3 (65) and pc (38). Palp with al1 and al2 setae on genu spine-like, palp apotele 3-tined, medial tines spatulate.</p><p>Legs. Lengths: I 650, II 575, III 500, IV 675 µm. Chaetotaxy of legs I–IV: coxae—2, 2, 2, 1; trochanters—5, 5, 5, 5; femora—12, 11, 6, 6; genua—11, 11, 7, 8; tibiae—12, 10, 7, 8; tarsi II–IV: 18, 18, 18. Tarsus II with one spurlike seta al1, all other leg setae simple, acicular. Legs II–IV with pretarsus consisting of ambulacral stalk, a pair of large sclerotised claws and rounded pulvillus with five lobes; legs I with very small claws.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D2DF632FF98FFC28EDDFF14CAC0F826	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Marchenko, Irina I.	Marchenko, Irina I. (2016): A new species of Neparholaspis (Acari: Parholaspididae) from Russia, with additional information on Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960. Zootaxa 4154 (4): 453-465, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.4.5
5D2DF632FF95FFCF8EDDFF52CBD7F815.text	5D2DF632FF95FFCF8EDDFF52CBD7F815.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neparholaspis	<div><p>Key to the females for the world species of the genus Neparholaspis</p><p>The key provided for separation of 17 Neparholaspis world species is based on original illustrations, descriptions and examination of the paratype of N. evansi Krantz, 1960 . The descriptions and figures of N. caelebs (Vitzthum, 1926) are based only on the male and do not allow inclusion this species in the key. Distribution data in China of N. unicus based on Bei et al., 2009 and N. serratichela Ishikawa, 1979 on Tseng, 1993; distribution of N. arcuatus and N. simplex in Korea reported by Kontschán et al., 2015.</p><p>1. Sternal St3 setae whip-like, three times as long as St2; free metasternal shields without St4 setae..................................................................................... N. crispus (Willmann, 1940) (Balkans: Slovenia)</p><p>- Sternal St3 setae acicular, similar in length or not more than twice as long as St2; metasternal shields or fused to the sternal and/ or endopodal shields; St4 setae present................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Metasternal shields fused to the sternal and/or endopodal shields............................................... 3</p><p>- Metasternal shields free, not fused to the sternal or endopodal shields........................................... 5</p><p>3. Dorsal setae spatulate distally; metasternal shields fully fused to sternal and endopodal shields....................... 4</p><p>- Dorsal setae acicular; metasternal shields fused to endopodal shields and separated from sternal shield by an oblique fissure............................................................. N. simplex Evans, 1956 (Malaya Peninsula; Korea)</p><p>4. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of distally spatulate setae; z1 absent; 17 pairs of podonotal and 13 pairs of opisthonotal setae; expulsory vesicles present........................................ N. spathulatus Evans, 1956 (Malaya Peninsula)</p><p>- Dorsal shield with 29 pairs of setae: 28 pairs long, pilose, distally spatulate and j1 setae short and distally spatulate; z1 absent; 17 pairs of podonotal and 12 pairs of opisthonotal setae; expulsory vesicles absent.............................................................................................. N. orbicularis Ishikawa, 1976 (Malaya Peninsula)</p><p>5. Peritrematal shield with one or two enlarged poroid-like sructures............................................. 14</p><p>- Peritrematal shield without any enlarged poroid-like structures................................................ 6</p><p>6. Ventri-anal region of idiosoma with expulsory vesicles (gv2 glands) behind IV coxae............................... 7</p><p>- Ventri-anal region of idiosoma without expulsory vesicles...................... N. bisunensis Lee &amp; Lee, 2000 (Korea)</p><p>7. Dorsal shield with more than 40 pairs of setae, lateral soft integument with neotrichoid setation: about 25 pairs of setae; ventrianal shield with six pairs of pre-anal setae................................. N. marginipilis (Evans, 1956) (Singapore)</p><p>- Dorsal shield with 29–30 pairs of setae, lateral soft integument with normal setation; ventri-anal shield with four pairs of preanal setae........................................................................................... 8</p><p>8. Expulsory vesicles located postero-laterad to coxae IV....................................................... 9</p><p>- Expulsory vesicles located elsewhere..................................................................... 13</p><p>9. Sternal shield with arcuate line; bases of St2 and St3 setae located at the arcuate line............................... 10</p><p>- Sternal shield ornamented otherwise...................................................................... 12</p><p>10. Sternal shield with long vertical ridge connected anterior sclerotised band with posterior arcuate line................. 11</p><p>- Sternal shield with short vertical ridge separated anterior sclerotised band from posterior arcuate line........................................................................................ N. subarcuatus Ma &amp; Yan, 2001 (China)</p><p>11. Setae St1, St3 on sternal shield about equal in length, St2 seta the shortest, 0.5 times as long as St1 and St3; sternal shield reticulated in areas between medial vertical ridge................................... N. monticola Ishikawa, 1979 (Japan)</p><p>- Setae St1, St2 on sternal shield about equal in length, St3 seta the longest, twice as long as St1 and St2; sternal shield without reticulation in areas between medial vertical ridge.. N. arcuatus Petrova, 1977 (Russia, Kurile islands: Kunashir; Korea; Iran)</p><p>12. Two pairs of presternal shields; epistome with smooth, distally rounded medial projection; expulsory vesicles located behind first pair of pre-anal Jv1 setae; a pair of large trapezoid exopodal shields IV jointed to peritrematal and ventri-anal shields by narrow connection........................................................ N. shinanonis Ishikawa, 1979 (Japan)</p><p>- One pair of presternal shields; epistome with serrated medial projection; expulsory vesicles located at level of second pair of pre-anal Zv1 setae; large trapezoid exopodal shields IV absent..... N. cardioides Petrova, 1977 (Russia: Sikhote-Alin Ridge)</p><p>13. Expulsory vesicles located behind posterior angles of genital shield; peritremato-podal shields fused with ventri-anal shield without split between them............................................... N. chenpengi Ma &amp; Yin, 1999 (China)</p><p>- Expulsory vesicles located laterad to posterior margins of IV coxae, between peritrematal and ventri-anal shields; peritrematopodal shields fused with ventri-anal shield with split behind coxae IV........................................................................................ N. unicus Petrova, 1967 (Russia: The Far East and East Siberia; China)</p><p>14. Peritrematal shields with two pairs of enlarged poroid-like sructures............. N. evansi Krantz, 1960 (U.S.A.: Oregon)</p><p>- Peritrematal shields with one pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures............................................ 15</p><p>15. The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located between II–III coxae, antero-laterad to stigmata................................................................. N. dubatolovi sp.n. (Russia: Sikhote-Alin Ridge)</p><p>- The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located posterior to stigmata...................... 16</p><p>16. The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located at level of middle and laterad to coxae IV; ventri-anal shield with expulsory vesicles; movable digit of chelicera multidentate (two large and a number of small teeth)..................................................................... N. serratichela Ishikawa, 1979 (Japan; China: Taiwan)</p><p>- The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located postero-laterad to posterior margins of IV coxae; ventri-anal shield without expulsory vesicles; movable digit of chelicera bidentate.................................................................................................... N. longiligulatus Tseng, 1993 (China: Taiwan)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D2DF632FF95FFCF8EDDFF52CBD7F815	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Marchenko, Irina I.	Marchenko, Irina I. (2016): A new species of Neparholaspis (Acari: Parholaspididae) from Russia, with additional information on Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960. Zootaxa 4154 (4): 453-465, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.4.5
