identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
631CE207FFE0747FFF15F95AFA55FD88.text	631CE207FFE0747FFF15F95AFA55FD88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracineta karunakarani Santhakumari 1986	<div><p>Paracineta karunakarani Santhakumari, 1986</p><p>(Fig. 2A, B)</p><p>Material examined: Several specimens on pelagic ostracods Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) from stations 14 and 16.</p><p>Brief Description: Suctorian ciliate with conical thecostyle, which cover only one third of the cell body and accrete to the substrate by rounded attaching disc. The body is more or less square to rectangular in shape. Clavate tentacles are evenly distributed at the apical body surface. The macronucleus is allantoidal, some irregular, but might look rounded depending upon the viewpoint on the individual. Reproduction by external (exogemmic) budding with formation of single, ellipsoid protomite on the apical body surface (Fig. 2B).</p><p>Measurements from present find (in μm): (measurements taken from 2 ciliate individuals) body height 57– 78; body width 41–40; thecostyle length 37–123; width of the upper thecostyle part 17–31; width of the basal thecostyle part 11–16; width of the attaching disc 7–11; length of the tentacles 6–21; size of macronucleus 32–71×6–11; size of protomite 31×41.</p><p>Host and substrate specificity: Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) —a pelagic ostracod (Santhakumari 1986 b, Padmakumar et al. 2015, present find).</p><p>Distribution: West coast of India, the Arabian Sea.</p><p>Remarks: This species was first reported by Santhakumari (1986b) from southwest coast of India on an ostracod Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) . It was also reported from North Eastern Arabian Sea, 21°59’84” N; 65°59’52”E, on same ostracod (Padmakumar et al. 2015). The epibiosis of the species on other pelagic ostracod, Euconchoecia aculeata (Scott, 1894) was not observed in investigations of Santhakumari (1986a) and Padmakumar et al. (2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/631CE207FFE0747FFF15F95AFA55FD88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Dovgal, Igor;Nanajkar, Mandar;Fernandes, Veronica	Chatterjee, Tapas, Dovgal, Igor, Nanajkar, Mandar, Fernandes, Veronica (2019): Report of epibiont ciliates (Cilliophora: Suctorea) on pelagic ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Arabian Sea. Zootaxa 4695 (4): 378-384, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.4.5
631CE207FFE3747FFF15FC8BFB76F8B8.text	631CE207FFE3747FFF15FC8BFB76F8B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ephelota gemmipara (Hertwig 1876)	<div><p>Ephelota gemmipara (Hertwig, 1876)</p><p>(Fig. 2C)</p><p>Material examined: Two individuals on pelagic ostracods Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) from stations 16 and 18.</p><p>Brief Description: Suctorian ciliate without lorica, with a massive, less often rounded body, somewhat extended upwards, with a flattened apical surface. There are two types of tentacles (long hunting and short sucking), which are located on the apical surface of the body, while hunting tentacles are approximately equal in length with the height of the body. Macronucleus coronoid, in the form of a ring with the upper and lower processes. Stalk very long, dense, somewhat expanded upwards, often with small transverse folds, sometimes smooth.</p><p>Measurements from present find (in μm): (measurement taken from one individual) body length 76; body width 80; stalk length 214; stalk diameter 14; length of sucker tentacles 12–17; diameter 4; length of hunting tentacles 38–61.</p><p>Host and substrate specificity: Ubiquitous species, observed at inanimate substrates, algae, hydroids, bryozoans, etc. (Dovgal 2013).</p><p>This species was also found as epibiont on various copepods eg., Calanus finmarchicus (Gunnerus, 1765), Candacia armata (Boeck, 1872), Pleuromamma borealis (F. Dahl, 1893) and P. gracilis (Claus, 1863) (Rose 1924, Steuer 1928, Fernandez-Leborans &amp; Tato-Porto 2000b). Santhakumari (1985) reported this species as epibiont on copepods Euchaeta marina (Prestandrea, 1833), Candacia tuberculata Wolfenden, 1905, Labidocera acuta (Dana, 1849) and Undinula vulgaris (Dana, 1849), other two copepods of genera Pontella and Labidocera (species name written wrongly) and commented that this suctorian was found infesting chiefly the postero-dorsal region of cephalothorax. Santhakumari (1986a) reported this as epibiont on the zoea of pea crab Porcellana sp.</p><p>It has been found as epibiont on ostracod Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) —Present report.</p><p>Distribution: North Sea, Mediterranean, Adriatic, White, Black Seas, the Sea of Azov, in the Gulf of Mexico, from the coasts of Japan and India (Dovgal 2013).</p><p>Remarks: In India, Ephelota gemmipara was reported earlier off Thootukodi (=Tuticorin), Kanyakumari (=Cape comorin), Karwar, Ratnagiri—Santhakumari (1985, 1986a). Ephelota gemmipara (Hertwig, 1876) is reported here for the first time as epibiont on planktonic marine ostracods from the Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/631CE207FFE3747FFF15FC8BFB76F8B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Dovgal, Igor;Nanajkar, Mandar;Fernandes, Veronica	Chatterjee, Tapas, Dovgal, Igor, Nanajkar, Mandar, Fernandes, Veronica (2019): Report of epibiont ciliates (Cilliophora: Suctorea) on pelagic ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Arabian Sea. Zootaxa 4695 (4): 378-384, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.4.5
631CE207FFE2747EFF15FF2DFED1FC63.text	631CE207FFE2747EFF15FF2DFED1FC63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lecanophryella satyanandani (Santhakumari 1986)	<div><p>Lecanophryella satyanandani (Santhakumari, 1986)</p><p>(Fig. 2D)</p><p>Material examined: Several specimens on pelagic ostracods Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) from station 18.</p><p>Brief Description: Suctorian ciliate with cup shaped body furnished with three good developed actinophores (Fig. 3 B). Lorica absent. From 10 to16 clavate tentacles located on the top of actinophores. The protoplasm finely granular and the body straw colour. The shape of the macronucleus changes from oval to rounded. The attachment of the stalk to the host by means of a circular disc or basal plate.</p><p>Measurements from present find (taken from 8 ciliate individuals; in μm):body length (before the bases of actinophores) 39–50, body width 34–45, body thickness 30, actinophore length 14–41, actinophore width 15–22, length of tentacles 15–34, stalk length 8–12, stalk diameter 5–6, size of macronucleus 9×13.</p><p>Host and substrate specificity: Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) — Santhakumari (1986b, 1997), Padmakumar et al. (2015), Chatterjee et al. (2019), present find.</p><p>Distribution: West coast of India, the Arabian Sea.</p><p>Remarks: Jankowski (1992) proposed to transfer Acineta satyanandani Santhakumari 1986, which was described as an epibiont on the marine seed shrimp Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) by Santhakumari (1986b) from Cochin, Kerala, south west coast of India into genus Lecanophryella Dovgal, 1985 as L. satyanandani . Dovgal (2002) agreed on this and adopted it as Lecanophryella satyanandani . Padmakumar et al. (2015) reported for the second time Lecanophryella satyanandani (reported as Acineta satyanandani) from the North Eastern Arabian Sea 21°59’84”N; 65°59’52”E, on same ostracod. Recently it was reported on ostracod C. dentata from surface pelagic waters off the central west coast of India, Arabian Sea, Lat. 13°20’35.00”N and Long. 73°44’45.00”E (Chatterjee et al. 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/631CE207FFE2747EFF15FF2DFED1FC63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Dovgal, Igor;Nanajkar, Mandar;Fernandes, Veronica	Chatterjee, Tapas, Dovgal, Igor, Nanajkar, Mandar, Fernandes, Veronica (2019): Report of epibiont ciliates (Cilliophora: Suctorea) on pelagic ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Arabian Sea. Zootaxa 4695 (4): 378-384, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.4.5
631CE207FFE27479FF15FAD5FCB7FEF4.text	631CE207FFE27479FF15FAD5FCB7FEF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acineta foetida Maupas 1881	<div><p>Acineta foetida Maupas, 1881</p><p>(Fig. 2E)</p><p>Material examined: Several specimens on pelagic ostracods Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) from station 16.</p><p>Brief Description: Suctorian ciliate with a triangular or trapezoidal, somewhat asymmetric body attached to the bottom of the lorica. The lorica is triangular or trapezoidal, asymmetric, often with transverse folds of irregular shape, usually located in its lower part. Stalk short, its length does not exceed the length of the body. There is the stalk extension (basal disk) in the zone of stalk-lorica connection, which can be immersed in the base of the lorica. The stalk is attached to the substrate by means of an attachment disk. Tentacles arranged in two apical bundles, actinophores poorly developed, sometimes absent. Macronucleus is rounded, central. Above the macronucleus single contractile vacuole positioned.</p><p>Measurements from present find: (measurements taken from 3 individuals; in μm) lorica length 32–40; lorica width 32–34; lorica thickness 16; size of macronucleus 10–16×11–13; length of tentacles 7–37; stalk length 6–15; stalk diameter 4; basal disk diameter 11.</p><p>Host and substrate specificity: Ubiquitous marine and brackish-water species, observed on inanimate substrates, algae, but often found on representatives of crustacean (Dovgal 2013).</p><p>The species was observed on representatives of crusracean orders, eg. (Dovgal 2013), on Amphipoda— Gammarus olivii Milne-Edwards, 1830, G. subtipicus Stock, 1966, Pontogammarus maeoticus (Sowinsky, 1894) and Orchestia bottae Milne-Edwards, 1840; Isopoda— Sphaeroma serratum (Fabricius, 1787), S. pulchellum (Colosi, 1921) and Idotea baltica basteri (Pallas, 1772); Decapoda— Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837, Crangon crangon (Linnaeus, 1758), Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829), Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 and Eriphia verrucosa (Forskal, 1775); Ostracoda— Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) (present report).</p><p>Distribution: Widespread found in the Mediterranean, North, Baltic, Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, on the Pacific coast of Canada and the Atlantic coast of Mexico (Dovgal 2013); the Arabian Sea (Present report).</p><p>Remarks: Acineta foetida was registered as epibiont on benthic or meiobenthic organisms only. Our finding is a first registration of this species on planktonic marine Ostracoda .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/631CE207FFE27479FF15FAD5FCB7FEF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Dovgal, Igor;Nanajkar, Mandar;Fernandes, Veronica	Chatterjee, Tapas, Dovgal, Igor, Nanajkar, Mandar, Fernandes, Veronica (2019): Report of epibiont ciliates (Cilliophora: Suctorea) on pelagic ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Arabian Sea. Zootaxa 4695 (4): 378-384, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.4.5
631CE207FFE47478FF15FF56FA43FCCC.text	631CE207FFE47478FF15FF56FA43FCCC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pelagacineta undetermined	<div><p>Pelagacineta sp.</p><p>(Fig. 2F)</p><p>Material Examined: One individual as epibiont on pelagic ostracod Cypridina dentata (Müller, 1906) from station 16.</p><p>Brief Description: Suctorian ciliate with thecostyle. The body is ovoid, dorso-ventrally compressed and discoidal in shape lying at the top of a thecostyle that widens considerably to form a cupped lorica-like anterior region. Numerous capitate tentacles located anteriorly and evenly distributed at cell body surface. The shape of macronucleus and mode of reproduction were not observed.</p><p>Measurements (μm) (measurement taken from one individual): body height 64; body width 109; height of anterior region of the thecostyle 57, width 34; length of stalk-like part of the thecostyle 140; diameter 19, length of the tentacles 34–67.</p><p>Remarks: Based on shape of body and dimensions, the present species is related to Pelagacineta campanula (Schröder, 1907) epibiont on marine copepods Euchaeta sp. and Metridia sp. from Antarctic waters (Schröder 1907, Curds 1987) and Pelagacineta hebensis Gregori et al. 2015 epibiont on Paraeuchaeta hebes (Giesbrecht, 1888) from continental shelf at Ria de Vigo, N. E. Atlantic waters, Galician coast, Spain (Gregori et al. 2015). Pelagacineta campanula is characterised by ribbon-like, branched macronucleus, whereas Pelagacineta hebensis has ovoid macronucleus. Since, we were not able to observe the morphology of macronucleus in present specimen, the identification of the present specimen up to species level is kept in abeyance. Present report is the first record of the genus Pelagacineta as epibiont on ostracod host and this genus is also reported for the first time from the Indian Ocean.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/631CE207FFE47478FF15FF56FA43FCCC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Dovgal, Igor;Nanajkar, Mandar;Fernandes, Veronica	Chatterjee, Tapas, Dovgal, Igor, Nanajkar, Mandar, Fernandes, Veronica (2019): Report of epibiont ciliates (Cilliophora: Suctorea) on pelagic ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Arabian Sea. Zootaxa 4695 (4): 378-384, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.4.5
