identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23C973183131B1.text	6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23C973183131B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cynipidae	<div><p>Cynipidae</p><p>The two introduced species in New Zealand are gall formers.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23C973183131B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23CFE118DB358B.text	6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23CFE118DB358B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ibalia leucospoides subsp. leucospoides (Hochenwarth 1785) Hochenwarth 1785	<div><p>Ibalia leucospoides leucospoides (Hochenwarth 1785)</p><p>(Fig. 1)</p><p>Ibalia leucospoides leucospoides is a biological control agent, purposefully introduced into New Zealand for the control of the European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio (Bain et al. 2012) . Ibalia is the largest cynipoid in New Zealand and is characterised by a strong laterally flattened metasoma, and with the marginal cell of forewing very long and narrow. It is now uncommon, but found throughout the country (Nuttall 1989).</p><p>Ibalia l. leucospoides was introduced in 1950–1951 from England and then again in 1966–1968 from Australia, where it had also been introduced as a biological control agent (Bain et al. 2012). It was first recovered in New Zealand in 1957 and is considered to be established throughout New Zealand (Nuttall 1989). In 1963, another subspecies, Ibalia leucospoides ensiger Norton, was also introduced from California and also in 1966–1968 from Tasmania. Although this subspecies was found again in some forests it has interbred with I. l. leucospoides and it has not been recognised since 1976 (Nuttall 1989).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23CFE118DB358B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23CEE918FA372B.text	6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23CEE918FA372B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ibaliidae	<div><p>Ibaliidae</p><p>Ibaliids are parasitoids of siricid woodwasp larvae (Ronquist 1999).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC9EA19FF23CEE918FA372B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CAF318ED300B.text	6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CAF318ED300B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anacharis zealandica Ashmead 1900	<div><p>Anacharis zealandica Ashmead, 1900</p><p>(Figs. 4, 17, 18)</p><p>Anacharis zealandica is a common and very widespread species which is also found in Australia (New 1982). It is considered a native species in New Zealand. It is easily recognisable with its elongate petiole. In New Zealand, it is a parasitoid of the brown lacewing Micromus tasmaniae ( Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae). Several studies have examined A. zealandica and the trophic interactions between its hosts and flowering plant resources in New Zealand (Jonsson et al. 2009; Jacometti et al. 2010). It is found throughout New Zealand and on several offshore islands. North Island: AK, BP, CL, HB, ND, TK, TO, WI, WN, WO. South Island: BR, CO, DN, KA, MB, MC, MK, NN, OL, SC, SD, SL, WD. Offshore Islands: CH, KE, SN, TH.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CAF318ED300B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CD9F1A86323E.text	6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CD9F1A86323E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anacharitinae	<div><p>Anacharitinae</p><p>Anacharitines are primary parasitoids of aphid feeding lacewing larvae ( Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae) (Ronquist 1999).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CD9F1A86323E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CEEA1B8F37D8.text	6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CEEA1B8F37D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulacidea subterminalis Niblett 1946	<div><p>Aulacidea subterminalis Niblett, 1946</p><p>(Fig. 2, 21)</p><p>Aulacidea subterminalis is a biological control agent, purposefully introduced into New Zealand in 1999 for the control of the grassland weed Hieracium pilosella L. ( Asteraceae) (Syrett et al. 2001; Kloppel et al. 2003). It was released in Central Otago, but has also been found at Foxhill, Nelson from leaf mines in Clematis vitalbae (NZAC records).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CEEA1B8F37D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CC171864351A.text	6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CC171864351A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phanacis hypochoeridis (Kieffer 1887) Kieffer 1887	<div><p>Phanacis hypochoeridis (Kieffer, 1887)</p><p>(Fig. 3, 22, 25)</p><p>Phanacis hypochoeridis is native to the Western Palaearctic but has been accidentally introduced into many regions around the world (Melika 2006; Melika &amp; Prinsloo 2007), including New Zealand. It forms galls in the false dandelion Hypochaeris radicata L. ( Asteraceae) (Lintott 1969). It is widespread in New Zealand. North Island: AK, ND, WI. South Island: BR, CO, MC, MK, NN, OL.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23CC171864351A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23C8441F6331E4.text	6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23C8441F6331E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xyalaspis Hartig	<div><p>Xyalaspis Hartig</p><p>(Figs. 5, 19, 20)</p><p>Xyalaspis is a new record for New Zealand, which likely represents an adventive species. The identification of Xyalaspis is based on the scutellar spine (Fergusson 1985). A species level determination has not been made, but it is not X. victoriensis (which has a very elongate scutellar spine), the only Xyalaspis in Australia (New 1979). The apex of the scutellum in both Anacharis and Xyalaspis is very prominent, however, the two can be separated as Anacharis has an elongate petiole and an internally carinated transverse groove in the mesopleuron. Xyalaspis is uncommonly collected (only 15 specimens in the NZAC) but is widespread. North Island: AK, HB, TO. South Island: MC, NN, SL. The first record is from 1959, and a number of records are associated with orchards (from HB, MC, and NN). Two NZAC records indicate it is a parasitoid of Neuroptera .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCFEA1FFF23C8441F6331E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCDEA1DFF23CFEF1A55351A.text	6600CF74FFCDEA1DFF23CFEF1A55351A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alloxysta fuscicornis (Hartig 1841) Hartig 1841	<div><p>Alloxysta fuscicornis (Hartig 1841)</p><p>(Fig. 6)</p><p>Alloxysta fuscicornis is an adventive species which is cosmopolitan around the world (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012, 2014). It is principally associated as a host of Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) but is also a hyperparasitoid of Aphidius colemani Viereck, 1912, A. salicis Haliday, 1834, A. similis Stary &amp; Carver, 1979, and A. sonchi Marshall, 1896 ( Braconidae: Aphidiinae) (Valentine 1975; Carver 1992), all of which are present in New Zealand. It is more widespread than NZAC records suggest. North Island: WI, WN. South Island: NN, OL, SL. Offshore Islands: SN.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCDEA1DFF23CFEF1A55351A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCDEA1DFF23CEAF1F9C372A.text	6600CF74FFCDEA1DFF23CEAF1F9C372A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Charipinae	<div><p>Charipinae</p><p>The Charipinae are a major group of hyperparasitoids of Braconidae (Aphidiinae) and Aphelinidae (Aphelininae) ( Hymenoptera) that parasitise aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (Paretas-Martínez et al. 2007). The recent revision of Charipinae from New Zealand (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012) forms the basis for the below information.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCDEA1DFF23CEAF1F9C372A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CEAF19D23794.text	6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CEAF19D23794.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alloxysta rubidus Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar 2012	<div><p>Alloxysta rubidus Ferrer-Suay &amp; Pujade-Villar 2012</p><p>(Fig. 7)</p><p>Ferrer-Suay et al. (2012) considered Alloxysta rubidus endemic to New Zealand, but subsequent information shows it is also found in Australia (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2014). It is probably an adventive species in New Zealand. No hosts have been recorded, but the species is found in many types of habitats and is widespread. North Island: AK, BP, CL, GB, WN, WO. South Island: BR, FD, NN.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CEAF19D23794	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CFFD186134AC.text	6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CFFD186134AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alloxysta thorpei Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar 2012	<div><p>Alloxysta thorpei Ferrer-Suay &amp; Pujade-Villar 2012</p><p>(Fig. 8)</p><p>Ferrer-Suay et al. (2012) considered Alloxysta thorpei endemic to New Zealand, but subsequent information shows it is also found in Australia (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2014). It is probably an adventive species in New Zealand. No hosts have been recorded, but the species is found in many types of habitats and is widespread. North Island: AK, BP, CL, HB, ND, TK, WI, WN. South Island: MC, OL, WD.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CFFD186134AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CD3519E435F9.text	6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CD3519E435F9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alloxysta victrix Westwood 1833	<div><p>Alloxysta victrix Westwood, 1833</p><p>(Figs 9, 23, 24)</p><p>Alloxysta victrix is an adventive species which is cosmopolitan around the world (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012, 2014). It has been reared from several aphidiines ( Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in New Zealand (Valentine 1975; Valentine &amp; Walker 1991). It is widespread in New Zealand. North Island: AK, BP, HB, TK, WI, WN, WO. South Island: MB, MC, NN, OL, SL. Offshore Islands: CH, SN.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CD3519E435F9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CA021E443356.text	6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CA021E443356.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig 1841) Hartig 1841	<div><p>Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig, 1841)</p><p>(Fig. 10)</p><p>Phaenoglyphis villosa is an adventive species which is cosmopolitan around the world (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012). Phaenoglyphis can be easily separated from Alloxysta by the presence of a horizontal sulcus (furrow) on the mesopleuron. It is very polyphagous, and has been reared from several aphidiines ( Braconidae: Aphidiinae), including species of Diaeretiella, Aphidius, Ephedrus and Trioxys (Valentine 1975; Carver 1992). It is widespread in New Zealand. North Island: AK, BP, ND, WI, WO. South Island: BR, MC, NN. Offshore Islands: CH.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFCCEA1CFF23CA021E443356	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC3EA12FF23CEAF1AF2372A.text	6600CF74FFC3EA12FF23CEAF1AF2372A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eucoilinae	<div><p>Eucoilinae</p><p>The Eucoilinae is the largest subfamily of Figitidae and are solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids that attack larvae of cyclorrhaphous Diptera (Buffington et al. 2007; Paretas-Martínez et al. 2013). Eucoilines are easily identified by the presence of an elevated plate on the scutellum (the scutellar plate; Fig. 26). However, eucoilines are a very poorly known group and are often very difficult to identify, with many genera are in need of revision (Forshage &amp; Nordlander 2008; Buffington 2010).</p><p>Partly because of the lack of collecting in many regions of New Zealand (Ward 2012) the distribution of Figitidae species is very poorly known. The biostatus of many eucoiline taxa in New Zealand is uncertain, but given that many have been collected from modified habitats, these species are likely to be adventive in New Zealand. Some taxa (e.g. Leptopilina heterotoma, and some Trybliographa) are linked to an overseas origin via molecular sequences.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC3EA12FF23CEAF1AF2372A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CFEE19C634DD.text	6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CFEE19C634DD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ganaspis Forster	<div><p>Ganaspis Förster</p><p>(Fig. 11)</p><p>Ganaspis are known to attack several families but often Drosophilidae or Chloropidae (Paretas-Martínez et al. 2013) . Distribution is limited: North Island: AK, BP. South Island: MC. Records from the NZAC show specimens have been collected from kiwifruit orchards, reared from leaf mines in Clematis rehderiana, and from Scaptomyza flava ( Diptera: Drosophilidae) pupae on turnips.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CFEE19C634DD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CD2B18D6321E.text	6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CD2B18D6321E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hexacola Forster	<div><p>Hexacola Förster</p><p>(Fig. 12)</p><p>Hexacola are known to attack several families but often Chloropidae or Ephydridae (Paretas-Martínez et al. 2013) . There are at two species of Hexacola in the NZAC. Distribution is limited: North Island: AK, BP, ND, TK, WI, WN, WO. South Island: MC. Records from the NZAC show specimens from a wide variety of habitats, including kiwifruit orchards, potato foliage, soybeans, and second growth bush.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CD2B18D6321E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CA931A823036.text	6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CA931A823036.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kleidotoma subantarcticana Yoshimoto 1964	<div><p>Kleidotoma subantarcticana Yoshimoto, 1964</p><p>(Fig. 13)</p><p>Kleidotoma has a broad range of host fly families worldwide (Paretas-Martínez et al. 2013), and have been associated with cow dung, carrion and algal mats (Beardsley 1993; Buffington 2010). They are easily recognised by having a bilobed distal margin of the forewing. The only other cynipoid taxa with this character are emarginines.</p><p>In New Zealand, one native species is described, Kleidotoma subantarcticana, which has been found from larvae and pupae of kelp flies ( Coelopidae) on several subantarctic islands (Yoshimoto 1964). However, there are also several further species of Kleidotoma in the NZAC. Kleidotoma is very widely distributed. North Island: AK, BP, HB, ND, TK, TO, WI, WN, WO. South Island: BR, CO, FD, KA, MC, MK, NN, OL, SD, SL, WD. Offshore Islands: AN, AU, CA, CH, SN.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23CA931A823036	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23C8411E2D31C7.text	6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23C8411E2D31C7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptopilina heterotoma (Thomson 1862) Thomson 1862	<div><p>Leptopilina heterotoma (Thomson, 1862)</p><p>(Figs 14, 26)</p><p>Species of Leptopilina are parasitoids of Drosophilidae (Nordlander 1980) . This genus is distinct in that the setose ring at the base of the metasoma is dorsally interrupted (there are only setae on the lateral aspects of the metasoma; Fig 14 insert). Leptopilina heterotoma is adventive in New Zealand and was first recorded by Valentine and Walker (1991). Molecular information from thee specimens in New Zealand (Table 1) matches Leptopilina heterotoma from several overseas locations. There are limited distribution records in New Zealand. North Island: AK, BP, HB. Specimens have been collected from a range of sources, including, kiwifruit orchards, rotting fruit containing Drosophila larvae, and from lab colonies of D. melanogaster (identified under the name Ganaspis subnuda).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC2EA12FF23C8411E2D31C7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC1EA11FF23CAFC19E23087.text	6600CF74FFC1EA11FF23CAFC19E23087.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trybliographa Forster	<div><p>Trybliographa Förster</p><p>(Fig. 15)</p><p>Trybliographa are often parasitoids of Anthomyiidae (Paretas-Martínez et al. 2013) . Trybliographa are commonly collected and widespread. North Island: AK, BP, GB, HB. South Island: BR, NN, MC. However, there are at least two species of Trybliographa in the NZAC. Molecular information from one New Zealand specimen (Table 1) matches two specimens from Canada; including Churchill, Manitoba (TWHYM037-09; Stahlhut et al. 2013) and Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta (CNWLF453-12).</p><p>Trybliographa can be abundant in New Zealand. For example, Hodge et al. (2010) surveyed the insect fauna of different habitat types using mushroom baits. Of the 125 Hymenoptera specimens collected, 96% were Trybliographa . They were abundant in exotic conifers and urban sites but not native forest. Interestingly, in this study only one specimen of Anthomyiidae (Diptera) was caught, a group which is usually parasitised by Trybliographa (Paretas-Martínez et al. 2013) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC1EA11FF23CAFC19E23087	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
6600CF74FFC1EA17FF23C94718CC327A.text	6600CF74FFC1EA17FF23C94718CC327A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thoreauella Girault	<div><p>Thoreauella Girault</p><p>(Fig. 16)</p><p>This is the first record of Emargininae from New Zealand. Emargininae are characterised by having a deeply bilobed forewing. The only other cynipoid genus in New Zealand with a bilobed forewing is Kleidotoma . Thoreauella has a narrow, rhomboid scutellum with prominent lateral carinae, whereas the scutellum in Kleidotoma is tear-drop shaped.</p><p>Only ten specimens of Emargininae exist in the NZAC, but these are from widespread locations. North Island: AK, GB, HB, ND, WI. South Island: NN. Six specimens were collected as part of a large scale survey of pasture (Cumber 1959) but had been misidentified as Kleidotoma . It is uncertain if these specimens represent an adventive or a native species. Thoreauella are associated with ants, and are probably parasitoids of dipteran larvae in ant nests or refuse deposits (Ronquist 1999). The New Zealand ant fauna is very small (Ward 2009) and ants have been very well collected, so it surprising not to have more records of Thoreauella .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6600CF74FFC1EA17FF23C94718CC327A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ward, D. F.	Ward, D. F. (2014): Overview and key to the New Zealand Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3878 (6): 563-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3878.6.4
