identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6414D960FFBFFF88FED755BB470AFCB7.text	6414D960FFBFFF88FED755BB470AFCB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diogenes acanthochela Komai & Liang & Yang 2012	<div><p>Diogenes acanthochela sp. nov. (Figures 1–5)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.94&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.17" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.94/lat 20.17)">Leizou Bay</a>, Guandong Province, 20 ◦ 10.20 ′ N, 110 ◦ 56.40 ′ E, 10 m, 15 April to 15 May 2007, male (sl 5.3 mm; No. 6), IOCAS-MBM 119736.</p> <p>Paratype: same data as holotype, one male (sl 7.1 mm; No. 7), CBM-ZC 10521.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Shield (Figure 1A) nearly subquadrate, almost as long as broad or slightly broader than long; anterior margin between rostrum and lateral projections slightly concave, with 3–6 tiny tubercles near each base of lateral projection; anterolateral margins sloping, with small spines at lateral angle; posterior margin truncate; dorsal surface with some transverse spinulose ridges laterally. Rostrum broadly rounded or terminally faintly bilobed; lateral projections each with small submarginal spine. Anterior part of branchiostegite with row of about 10 small spines on dorsal margin, no spine at anterior angle; lateral surface almost smooth, glabrous (Figure 1B).</p> <p>Ocular peduncles (Figure 1A) about 0.6 times as long as shield, moderately stout; cornea slightly inflated, corneal width about 0.3 of length of ocular peduncle. Ocular acicles with straight inner margins, slightly convex anterolaterally, with 2 or 3 prominent spines and 7–9 spinules decreasing in size laterally, not extending to entire length of terminal margin. Intercalary rostriform process reaching nearly to distal end of ocular acicles, slightly broadened basally, tapering to slender acute tip.</p> <p>Antennular peduncles (Figure 1A) overreaching distal corneal margins by 0.8–0.9 length of ultimate segment and extending as far as antennal peduncles. Ultimate segment with some setae on dorsal surface and tufts of setae distally on both ultimate and penultimate segments; basal segment with row of minute spinules on distolateral margin.</p> <p>Antennal peduncles (Figure 1A, B) overreaching distal corneal margins by 0.8 length of fifth segment. Fifth segment with two rows of moderately long to long stiff setae ventrally; fourth and third segments unarmed; second segment with strong spine at dorsolateral distal angle and small but distinct spine at dorsomesial distal angle, ventrodistal margin with row of spinules; first segment with row of spinules on distal margin laterally. Antennal acicle falling short of distolateral margin of fourth segment, terminating in simple or bifid spine, bearing seven or eight strong accessory spines on mesial margin and occasionally with one spine on lateral margin, and with some tufts of short stiff setae on both lateral and mesial margins. Antennal flagellum (Figure 1C) less than twice of shield length, articles with paired long, setulose setae ventrally and few additional short setae, forming cast net-like structure.</p> <p>Third maxilliped (Figure 1D) moderately slender. Carpus unarmed on dorsodistal margin. Ischium-basis fused segment with five strong, corneous-tipped spines (three on ischium and two on basis) on mesial surface (Figure 1E). Exopod reaching distal margin of carpus.</p> <p>Left cheliped (Figure 2A–E) large but not particularly elongate in male; not particularly setose. Chela strongly compressed, about 1.5 times longer than wide. Dactylus distinctly longer than palm, somewhat curved; three rows of spines on upper margin, spines in middle row distinctly larger than those in lateral or mesial rows; outer surface with scattered spines or tubercles increasing in size proximally and ventrally, shallowly sulcate along midline; cutting edge with single row of blunt but distinct calcareous teeth; inner surface with longitudinal row of small spines accompanied by distinct groove along midline and one additional row of tubercles adjacent to cutting edge. Palm slightly shorter than carpus; upper surface with small spines arranged in three irregular longitudinal rows; outer surface generally convex, but shallowly depressed at base of fixed finger, having covering of small spines or spinules increasing in size dorsally, but without pronounced crest or longitudinal row(s) of spines; proximal margin distinctly delimited by row of small spines; lower margin faintly sinuous in outer view (including fixed finger), with double row of small spines extending to tip of fixed finger and continuous to proximal margin; inner surface with scattered, numerous tiny tubercles. Fixed finger very slightly deflexed, not curved outward; outer surface not particularly elevated along midline, with scattered small spines increasing in size toward cutting edge, but without distinct row of tubercles or ridge; inner surface with scattered small tubercles proximally; cutting edge with row of blunt but conspicuous calcareous teeth (middle tooth strongest), subterminal concavity receiving tip of dactylus. Carpus wider than long, with single row of moderately large spines with curved tips on upper margin; outer surface convex, with scattered numerous small spines or spine-like tubercles decreasing in size ventrally, dorsodistal margin finely spinulose; lower angle with prominent spine; mesial surface with scattered small spines or spinules and median row of small spines in proximal half; ventral surface with few tiny tubercles. Merus about as long as high; dorsal surface narrowing proximally and forming blunt crest in proximal half, bearing small spines over entire length; tufts of long stiff plumose setae present on dorsal surface; dorsodistal margin with row of sharp spines; lateral surface with scattered tiny tubercles, distolateral margin minutely spinulose, ventrolateral margin with row of small spines; mesial surface nearly smooth, ventromesial margin with row of small spines and one prominent spine at proximal angle; ventral surface with scattered minute tubercles and tufts of short setae. Ischium with two low protuberances on ventral surface and row of spinules on ventrolateral distal margin.</p> <p>Right cheliped (Figure 3A–D) moderately stout, setose; chela 1.8 times longer than wide, tips of fingers crossing. Dactylus only slightly curved, about 2.9 times longer than palm; dorsal surface with three irregular longitudinal rows of small spines and accompanying tufts of long stiff setae; mesial surface with median row of small spines extending beyond midlength and accompanying tufts setae and prominent groove inferior to midline in proximal half; ventral surface nearly smooth, with tufts of moderately long stiff setae laterally; cutting edge with row of small, acute, calcareous teeth over entire length. Palm about half length of carpus; dorsal surface with tufts of stiff setae and four irregular longitudinal rows of small spines, of them two rows extending onto fixed finger (spines strongest on fixed finger), lateral margin delimited by row of spinules extending onto fixed finger, dorsomesial face with numerous scattered spines; mesial surface with some small tubercles; ventral surface very slightly convex, with three rows of tiny tubercles laterally, extending onto fixed finger. Carpus with dorsolateral and dorsomesial rows of spines (spines of dorsomesial row stronger than those of dorsolateral row), dorsal surface with few spinules proximally; lateral surface with scattered tiny tubercles or spinules, distolateral margin with row of spinules; mesial surface with single row of spinules adjacent to dorsal margin and median row of tiny tubercles, distomesial margin with row of tiny tubercles extending ventrally. Merus with row of spines decreasing in size proximally and tufts of setae on dorsal margin, dorsodistal margin with six moderately small spines; lateral surface with scattered simple or bifid tiny tubercles and tufts of short setae, ventrolateral margin only delimited in distal part, with small spines or spinules; mesial surface nearly smooth, with tiny tubercles adjacent to ventromesial margin, ventromesial margin with row of spinules; ventral surface with scattered tiny tubercles and tufts of setae. Ischium unarmed on ventromesial margin; ventrolateral distal margin with row of tiny tubercles; some small protuberances present on ventral surface.</p> <p>Ambulatory legs (Figures 4A, B, 5A–C) moderately long and stout; left third having stronger armature than other legs. Dactyli about 1.5–1.6 times as long as propodi and 8.5–9.0 times longer than wide; dorsal surfaces each with row of sparse short stiff setae and row of spinules laterally (in proximal 0.3–0.4 in second, proximal 0.2 in right third, proximal half in left third) and with row of dense stiff setae mesially; lateral surfaces each with shallow median sulcus running over entire length and median row of short sparse setae; mesial surfaces each with short median sulcus and median row of setae proximally, otherwise nearly flat, flanked by rows of moderately long stiff setae; ventral surfaces rounded, each with row of short stiff setae, unarmed (second and right third) or armed with some minute tubercles proximally (left third). Propodi slightly curved, distinctly longer than carpi; dorsal surfaces each with two rows of small spines and tufts of short stiff setae; lateral surfaces each with one row of small spines adjacent to dorsal margin (second and right third) or with two rows of minute spinules dorsally and one row of tiny tubercles ventrally in addition to dorsal row of small spines (left third); mesial surfaces each with two rows of small spinules (in third, ventral spinules reduced to minute tubercles); ventral margins smooth (right second and right third) or with row of small spines (left third) or spinules (left second). Carpi each with row of small spines increasing in size distally and tufts of setae on dorsal margin; lateral surfaces each with median row of minute tubercles accompanied by tufts of short setae and additional row of small tubercles (second) or small low protuberances ventral to median row (third), and vertical short row of spinules along distal margin; mesial surfaces each with median row of tufts of short setae. Meri with dorsal and ventral tufts of long setae; dorsal margins each with one or two rows of small spines or spinules, distalmost spine largest; lateral surfaces with spinules dorsally and ventrally, otherwise smooth; mesial surfaces each with row of long plumose setae adjacent to dorsal margin; ventral surfaces each with two rows of spinules (spinules on lateral row often reduced to tiny protuberances). Ischia each with one or few rounded protuberances on ventral surface.</p> <p>Coxae of chelipeds and ambulatory legs with large blister-like protuberances.</p> <p>Fourth pereopods chelate (Figure 1F). Propodi each with small spine on dorsodistal margin; rasp consisting of more than 10 rows of corneous scales. Carpi each with small dorsodistal spine.</p> <p>Anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite (of third pereopods) (Figure 1G) distinctly bilobed, each lobule with 1 spinule or tiny tubercle anterolaterally.</p> <p>Telson (Figure 1H) with small median cleft, terminal margin slightly oblique on left, nearly transverse on right, both with small, unequal spines; lateral margin of left posterior lobe minutely denticulate, with some submarginal spines (posteriormost one or two spines prominent).</p> <p>Coloration</p> <p>Based on formalin preserved specimen: Shield generally light brown. Ocular peduncles and antennular peduncles pale brown; corneas black. Antenna with second segment and antennal acicle brown, fifth segment and flagellum white. Chelipeds and ambulatory legs generally light brick red.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Known only from the type locality, Leizou Bay, Guandong Province; 10 m. Remarks</p> <p>The present new species is referred to the Diogenes edwardsii (De Haan, 1849) species group by the intercalary rostriform process being marginally smooth and not reaching beyond the ocular acicles, the antennal peduncle distinctly overreaching the distal corneal margin, and the antennal flagellum having long paired setae on the distal margin of each article ventrally (Asakura and Tachikawa 2010). Diogenes acanthochela sp. nov. is readily distinguished from other species in this group by a combination of the following characters: left chela with spinose upper margin and outer surface, but without distinct crest or row(s) of spines; merus of left cheliped with one prominent spine on ventromesial margin proximally; cutting edges of fingers of right chela armed each with row of small acute teeth over entire length; dorsal margin of dactylus of left third pereopod with row of spinules; propodi and carpi of ambulatory legs serrated with row(s) of spines, propodus of left third with additional rows of spinules on lateral surface. Diogenes spinulimanus Miers, 1880 may be similar to D. acanthochela sp. nov. in the armature of the left chela (Miers 1880), but the former differs from the latter in the non-denticulate ocular acicles and the smooth dactyli of the ambulatory legs.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific name is a combination of the Greek words “acanthus” (= spiny) and “chele” (= claw), in reference to the strongly spinose left chela of this new species.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6414D960FFBFFF88FED755BB470AFCB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Komai, Tomoyuki;Liang, Jingzhen;Yang, Tingbao	Komai, Tomoyuki, Liang, Jingzhen, Yang, Tingbao (2012): Records of four species of the shallow water hermit crab genus Diogenes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) from southern China, with description of a new species. Journal of Natural History 46 (19 - 20): 1219-1248, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.654279, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.654279
6414D960FFB7FF90FEDE552F4235FC46.text	6414D960FFB7FF90FEDE552F4235FC46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diogenes deflectomanus Wang and Tung 1980	<div><p>Diogenes deflectomanus Wang and Tung, 1980</p> <p>(Figures 6–9)</p> <p>Diogenes deflectomanus Wang and Tung, 1980, p. 35, figure 1 [type locality: Yangan, Zhejiang, China, 22 m]; Wang 1994, p. 568 (list); Wang 2008, p. 755 (list); McLaughlin et al. 2010, p. 21 (list).</p> <p>Diogenes defrectomanus (sic): Rahayu 1996, p. 389.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.94&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.17" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.94/lat 20.17)">Leizhou Bay</a>, Guandong Province, 20 ◦ 10.20 ′ N, 110 ◦ 56.40 ′ E, 10 m, 15 April to 15 May 2007, trawl, 1 male (sl 4.1 mm; No. 8, figured), IOCAS-MBM 119737; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.722664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.574667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.722664/lat 21.574667)">Hailing Bay</a>, Guandong Province, 21 ◦ 34.48 ′ N, 111 ◦ 43.36 ′ E, 10 m, July to August 2007, trawl, 1 male (sl 4.3 mm; No. 9), CBM-ZC 10522.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Shield (Figure 6A) slightly longer than broad, almost subquadrate; anterior margin between rostrum and lateral projections slightly concave, with four to six tiny tubercles near each base of lateral projection; anterolateral margins sloping, with few tiny tubercles near lateral angle; posterior margin truncate; dorsal surface with several transverse spinulose ridges laterally. Rostrum broadly rounded; lateral projections each with moderately strong submarginal spine. Anterior part of branchiostegite with nine to 10 small spines on dorsal margin, anterior angle with one small spine; lateral surface with scattered tufts of short to moderately long setae (Figure 6B).</p> <p>Ocular peduncles (Figure 6A) about 0.6 times as long as shield, moderately stout; cornea not dilated, corneal width about 0.3 of peduncular length; ocular acicles with straight inner margins, nearly straight anterolaterally, four or five small spines decreasing in size laterally, not extending to entire length of terminal margin. Intercalary rostriform process reaching nearly to distal end of ocular acicles, broad basally, tapering to slender acute tip.</p> <p>Antennular peduncles (Figure 6A) overreaching distal corneal margins by about 0.8 length of ultimate segment and reaching or slightly overreaching antennal peduncles. Ultimate segment with some setae on dorsal surface and tufts distally on both ultimate and penultimate segments; basal segment unarmed.</p> <p>Antennal peduncles (Figure 6A, B) overreaching distal corneal margins by about 0.7 of fifth segment. Fifth segment with rows of numerous moderately long to long stiff setae ventrolaterally; fourth segment with few scattered tufts of short setae, unarmed; second segment with strong spine at dorsolateral distal angle and small but prominent spine at dorsomesial distal angle, ventrodistal margin with row of spinules; first segment with row of spinules on distal margin laterally. Antennal acicle reaching to distolateral margin of fourth segment of peduncle, terminating in simple or bifid spine, bearing five or six strong accessory spines on mesial margin, and with some tufts of short stiff setae on both lateral and mesial margins. Antennal flagellum (Figure 6C) more than twice of shield length, articles with paired long, setulose setae and few additional short setae, forming cast net-like structure.</p> <p>Third maxilliped (Figure 6D) moderately slender. Carpus with minute spine on dorsodistal margin. Ischium-basis fused segment with three moderately strong, corneous-tipped spines (two on ischium and one on basis) on mesial surface (Figure 6E). Exopod overreaching distal margin of carpus.</p> <p>Left cheliped (Figures 7A–E; 8A–C) elongate. Dactylus 1.1–1.2 times longer than palm; double row of moderately small to moderately large tubercles on upper margin (those tubercles sometimes spine-like); outer surface weakly elevated along midline, with short row of tubercles proximally adjacent to upper margin and scattered small tubercles proximally; cutting edge with single row of small rounded calcareous teeth; inner surface nearly smooth with short row of small tubercles in midline proximally. Palm distinctly longer than wide, and shorter than carpus; outer surface with two rows of tubercles, upper row extending from proximal to or beyond midlength of palm, middle row extending from proximal to at most midlength of palm, remaining outer surface with numerous small blunt tubercles; proximo-lower margin not markedly carinate or crested; lower margin nearly straight in outer view, with row of low, rounded tubercles; inner surface with numerous low, sometimes squami-form tubercles increasing in size ventrally. Fixed finger scarcely or slightly deflexed, somewhat curved outward; outer surface with row of tubercles on elevated midline, otherwise nearly smooth; inner surface nearly smooth; cutting edge with row of rounded calcareous teeth, strongest at proximal 0.3 and subterminal. Carpus about twice longer than wide, with double row of moderately small spines on upper margin; outer surface convex, with numerous small, simple to multifid tubercles, dorsodistal margin with row of spinules; lateral surface with numerous low, rounded tubercles (simple to multifid); ventral surface with small tubercles. Merus slightly longer than high; dorsal surface rounded, with tufts of stiff setae and short transverse rows of small spinules or spinulose tubercles, distalmost row adjacent to distal margin longest, extending onto lateral and mesial faces; lateral surface with scattered small, simple to multifid tubercles or granules increasing in size ventrally, ventrolateral margin with row of small rounded tubercles; mesial surface with distally spinulose tubercles dorsally and ventrally (dorsal tubercles with tufts of short setae), ventromesial margin weakly tuberculate; ventral surface with small, low tubercles and tufts of short setae. Ischium with row of small granules on laterodistal margin ventrally and proximal margin; ventromesial margin tuberculate.</p> <p>Right cheliped (Figure 8D–G) moderately stout. Dactylus strongly curved, about 2.6 times longer than palm; dorsal margin with short row of small spines proximal on midline and one additional short row of spines just lateral to median row; two rows of tufts of stiff setae extending entire length on dorsal surface; mesial surface with one short row of moderately small spines on midline proximally and single row of tufts of setae adjacent to ventral margin; cutting edge without conspicuous teeth. Palm about 0.6 times as long as carpus; dorsal surface with tufts of long stiff setae and four or five irregular longitudinal rows of small tubercles or spines (becoming larger and sharper distally), lateral rows extending onto fixed finger, dorsomesial margin with row of moderately small spines, dorsolateral surface sloping ventrally; mesial surface with some small low protuberances; ventral surface very slightly convex, with single row of small spines laterally, extending onto fixed finger. Carpus with row of spines on dorsal margin and row of tubercles on dorsolateral surface, dorsodistal margin with row of tiny spinulose tubercles; mesial surface with row of low, distally spinulose protuberances adjacent to dorsal margin, otherwise with few very low protuberances, distomesial margin spinulose. Merus with short transverse spinulose ridges in distal half and tufts of long setae over entire length of dorsal margin, dorsodistal margin spinose; lateral surface with scattered tiny tubercles or low protuberances and tufts of short setae, ventrolateral margin with two small spines or tubercles subdistally; mesial surface nearly smooth, with small tubercles adjacent to ventral margin, ventromesial margin with row of tiny to small tubercles; ventral surface with small, low tubercles and tufts of setae. Ischium with row of spinulose tubercles on ventromesial margin.</p> <p>Ambulatory legs (Figure 9A–D) similar, but third pair slightly longer than second pair. Dactyli 1.2–1.3 times as long as propodi and 8.2–8.9 times longer than wide; dorsal margins unarmed, each with row of moderately short stiff dense setae; lateral surfaces each with distinct median sulcus over entire length; mesial surfaces each with short median sulcus and median row of setae proximally, otherwise nearly flat, and with dorsal and ventral row of long stiff dense setae; ventral surfaces each with row of short sparse setae. Propodi slightly curved, distinctly longer than carpi; dorsal surfaces each with irregular two rows of spinules and two rows of tufts of stiff setae (second) or nearly smooth but with two irregular rows of stiff setae (third); lateral surfaces each with row of tufts of setae adjacent to dorsal margin and sparse row of tufts of very short setae ventrally; mesial surfaces each with row of tufts of moderately short setae on either side of midline; ventral surfaces with sparse setae. Carpi each with two rows of small spinules and tufts of setae on dorsal margin (spines sometimes fairly reduced on third); lateral surfaces each with row of tufts of short setae dorsally; mesial surfaces each with longitudinal row of tufts of setae dorsal to midline. Meri with dorsal and ventral tufts of setae; dorsal margins each with row of spinules (second) or row of low protuberances (third); lateral surfaces with row of tufts of short setae adjacent to ventral margin; ventral margins each without conspicuous armature. Ischia unarmed, with tufts of moderately long setae.</p> <p>Fourth pereopods chelate (Figure 6F). Propodi each with dorsodistal margin not particularly produced, unarmed; rasp consisting of five or six rows of corneous scales. Carpi without dorsodistal spine.</p> <p>Anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite (of third pereopods) (Figure 6G) distinctly bilobed, each lobule with spinule at anterolateral angle.</p> <p>Telson (Figure 6H) with small median cleft, terminal margins of both lobes nearly transverse, with long, curved spines interspersed with minute denticles (Figure 6I), extending onto lateral margin of left only.</p> <p>Coloration</p> <p>Based on formalin preserved specimen: generally tan; non conspicuous markings on ocular peduncle, antennular peduncle and antenna; cornea black. Left cheliped mottled with brown. Ambulatory legs with brownish markings on middle parts of propodi and meri; carpi with longitudinal brown spots on lateral surfaces.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Recorded from the Chinese coast from Bohai to Hainan Island; intertidal to 30 m (Wang 2008).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Diogenes deflectomanus was described on the basis of nine specimens from Zhejiang and Guandong Provinces (Wang and Tung 1980). In spite of our efforts, the type specimens could not be located. The present topotypic specimens from the Guandong Province generally agree with the short original description and illustrations except for the length of the antennular peduncle. In the figure given by Wang and Tung (1980), the antennular peduncle exceeds beyond the antennal peduncle, whereas in the present specimens, it just reaches or slightly overreaches the latter. Wang and Tung (1980) do not specifically mention about the extension of the antennular peduncle, and it is likely that this discrepancy is due to an artistic error. We identify our specimens with D. deflectomanus with little hesitation.</p> <p>The shape and armature of the left cheliped are substantially variable in this species, as figured (Figures 7A, 8A). Similar variation in the male left cheliped is seen in other congeneric species showing a tendency of elongation of that cheliped (e.g. Asakura 1987; Rahayu and Forest 1995).</p> <p>Diogenes deflectomanus is here referred to the D. edwardsii species group by the characters of the intercalary rostriform process and the antenna (Asakura and Tachikawa 2010), though Asakura and Tachikawa (2010) did not mention about this species. Wang and Tung (1980) compared Diogenes deflectomanus with D. bicristimanus Alcock, 1905 and D. paracristimanus. In fact, these three species share a diagnostic character, the possession of dorsal row(s) of spinules on the propodi of the second pereopods. Nevertheless, as mentioned by Wang and Tung (1980), D. deflectomanus is distinguished from the latter two species by the poorly defined proximo-lower crest on the left chela in males. As mentioned under the account of D. paracristimanus, the left chela of D. bicristimanus exhibits characteristic distinct sculpture and armature (Alcock 1905; Tirmizi and Siddiqui 1982). The relatively long antennal acicle (reaching the distolateral margin of the fourth segment of the antennal peduncle versus falling short of it), the lack of conspicuous spines on the ventrolateral and ventromesial margins of the merus of the left cheliped, and the dorsally unarmed propodi of the third pereopods further distinguish D. deflectomanus from D. paracristimanus. Furthermore, the left cheliped of D. deflectomanus exhibits a tendency of elongation, which is not seen in D. paracristimanus. The merus of the second pereopod is unarmed on the ventral margin in D. deflectomanus, whereas it is armed with a row of small spines in D. paracristimanus.</p> <p>Diogenes deflectomanus is also similar to D. avarus Heller, 1865 and D. nitidimanus Terao, 1913. These three species have the propodi of the second pereopods armed with row(s) of spinules on the dorsal surfaces; and the lower-proximal crest of the left chela is poorly delimited at least in males. It further shares with D. avarus the anterior lobe of the sixth thoracic sternite armed with a pair of small spines. The outer surface of the left palm distinctly elevated into a blunt ridge along the midline and the usually armed dorsal margins of the propodi of the third pereopods readily distinguish Diogenes avarus from D. deflectomanus (cf. Rahayu 1996; McLaughlin and Dworschak 2001; McLaughlin 2002b). Diogenes nitidimanus differs from D. deflectomanu s in the relatively shorter antennular peduncle overreaching the distal corneal margins by only half of the ultimate segment, the presence of a distinct longitudinal sulcus on the inner face of the dactylus of the left chela, the possession of a row of conspicuous spines on the ventromesial margin of the merus of the left cheliped, the presence of a row of small, blunt calcareous teeth on the cutting edge of the dactylus of the right chela, and the unarmed anterior lobe of the sixth thoracic sternite (Korn et al. 2008). In D. deflectomanus, the antennular peduncle overreaches the distal corneal margins by 0.8 or more length of the ultimate segment; the dactylus of the left cheliped is devoid of a median sulcus on the inner surface; the ventromesial margin of the merus of the left cheliped is devoid of conspicuous spines; the dactylus of the right chela is almost unarmed; and the anterior lobe of the sixth thoracic sternite is armed with a pair of small spines.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6414D960FFB7FF90FEDE552F4235FC46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Komai, Tomoyuki;Liang, Jingzhen;Yang, Tingbao	Komai, Tomoyuki, Liang, Jingzhen, Yang, Tingbao (2012): Records of four species of the shallow water hermit crab genus Diogenes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) from southern China, with description of a new species. Journal of Natural History 46 (19 - 20): 1219-1248, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.654279, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.654279
6414D960FFAFFF9FFED155BF4137FEC5.text	6414D960FFAFFF9FFED155BF4137FEC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diogenes paracristimanus Wang and Dong 1977	<div><p>Diogenes paracristimanus Wang and Dong, 1977</p> <p>(Figures 10–14)</p> <p>Diogenes paracristimanus Wang and Dong, 1977, p. 109, figure 1 [type locality: north coast of Shandong Province, China]; Wang 1994, p. 568 (list); Wang 2008, p. 755 (list); McLaughlin et al. 2010, p. 21 (list).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=114.41817&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.559834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 114.41817/lat 22.559834)">Dapeng Bay</a>, near Hong Kong, Guandong Province, 22 ◦ 33.59 ′ N, 114 ◦ 25.09 ′ E, 18 m, mud, 15 April to 15 May 2007, trawl, 1 male (sl 6.8 mm; No. 1), CBM-ZC 10518; same data, 1 male (sl 7.4 mm; No. 2, figured), IOCAS-MBM 119738; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.722664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.574667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.722664/lat 21.574667)">Hailing Bay</a>, Guandong Province, 21 ◦ 34.48 ′ N, 111 ◦ 43.36 ′ E, 10 m, 7 November 2007, 1 male (sl 4.9 mm; No. 3), IOCAS-MBM 119739; same data, 1 male (sl 5.3 mm; No. 4), CBM-ZC 10519; same data (sl 4.9 mm; No. 5), CBM-ZC 10520.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Shield (Figure 10A) slightly longer than broad, almost subquadrate; anterior margin between rostrum and lateral projections slightly concave, with four to six tiny tubercles near each base of lateral projection; anterolateral margins sloping, with few tiny tubercles or spines near or at lateral angle; posterior margin truncate; dorsal surface with some transverse spinulose ridges laterally. Rostrum broadly rounded; lateral projections each with small, simple or bifid submarginal spine. Anterior part of branchiostegite with row of about 10 small spines on dorsal margin, anterior angle with one small spine; lateral surface with scattered small tubercles bearing tuft of setae (Figure 10B).</p> <p>Ocular peduncles (Figure 10A) about 0.6 times as long as shield, moderately stout; cornea not dilated, corneal width about 0.3 of peduncular length; ocular acicles with straight or slightly concave inner margins, nearly straight or slightly convex anterolaterally, with about 10 small spines decreasing in size laterally, not extending to entire length of terminal margin. Intercalary rostriform process reaching nearly to distal end of ocular acicles, slightly broadened basally, tapering to slender acute tip.</p> <p>Antennular peduncles (Figure 10A) overreaching distal corneal margins by 0.5–0.6 length of ultimate segment and extending as far as antennal peduncles. Ultimate segment with some setae on dorsal surface and tufts distally on both ultimate and penultimate segments; basal segment with row of minute spinules on distolateral margin.</p> <p>Antennal peduncles (Figure 10A, B) overreaching distal corneal margins by 0.8–0.9 length of fifth segment. Fifth segment with rows of moderately long to long stiff setae ventrolaterally; fourth and third segments unarmed; second segment with strong spine at dorsolateral distal angle and small but prominent spine at dorsomesial distal angle, ventrodistal margin with row of spinules; first segment with row of spinules on distal margin laterally. Antennal acicle slightly falling short of distolateral margin of fourth segment, terminating in simple or bifid spine, bearing six or seven strong accessory spines on mesial margin, and with some tufts of short stiff setae on both lateral and mesial margins. Antennal flagellum (Figure 10C) more than twice shield length, articles with paired long, setulose setae and few additional short setae, forming cast net-like structure.</p> <p>Third maxilliped (Figure 10D) moderately slender. Carpus unarmed on dorsodistal margin. Ischium-basis fused segment with five strong, corneous-tipped spines (three on ischium and two on basis) on mesial surface (Figure 10E). Exopod slightly overreaching distal margin of merus.</p> <p>Left cheliped (Figure 11A–F) large but not particularly elongate in male, shape and armature rather variable; not particularly setose. Dactylus distinctly longer than palm; three irregular longitudinal rows of moderately small, spine-like tubercles on upper margin; outer surface very slightly concave, with scattered tiny tubercles or granules in lower part; cutting edge with two irregular rows of small tubercles; inner surface slightly elevated along midline with row of small tubercles, upper half nearly smooth, and lower half with scattered tiny tubercles. Palm slightly shorter than carpus; upper surface with three irregular rows of small, spine-like tubercles; outer surface with two rows of small tubercles, upper row extending from proximal to or beyond midlength of palm, middle row extending from proximal to at most midlength of palm, latter forming weak crest extending from carpal articulation, remaining outer surface with numerous microscopically small tubercles or granules (greater part apparently smooth to naked eye); proximal margin carinate; lower margin slightly sinuous in outer view (including fixed finger), with row of small rounded tubercles extending to base of fixed finger and continuous to proximal margin; inner surface with scattered, numerous tiny tubercles. Fixed finger slightly deflexed, not curved outward; outer surface elevated along midline, with scattered small granules, but without distinct row of tubercles or ridge; inner surface with scattered small tubercles proximally; cutting edge with row of rounded calcareous teeth in proximal half and two irregular rows of small tubercles in distal half. Carpus about as long as wide, with single row of moderately large spines on upper margin; outer surface convex, with scattered numerous small spines or spine-like tubercles, dorsodistal margin finely denticulate; mesial surface with row of small spines adjacent to upper margin and with scattered spinules; ventral surface also with scattered spine-like tubercles. Merus slightly longer than high; dorsal surface rounded, with tufts of stiff setae and short irregular transverse rows of small spines, distalmost row adjacent to distal margin longest, extending onto lateral and mesial surfaces; dorsodistal margin with row of spines; lateral surface with scattered tiny, simple or bifid tubercles or granules increasing in size ventrally, distolateral margin finely denticulate, ventrolateral margin with row of spines decreasing in size proximally; mesial surface nearly smooth except for dorsal part bearing tiny spines or spinules and longitudinal row of spines adjacent to ventromesial margin, distomesial margin with row of spines increasing in size ventrally and extending onto ventromesial margin; spines on ventromesial margin large; ventral surface with scattered minute spinules. Ischium with row of small tubercles on laterodistal margin ventrally and proximal margin; ventromesial margin with row of small tubercles.</p> <p>Right cheliped (Figure 12A–D) moderately stout, setose. Dactylus fairly arched, about 2.6 times longer than palm; dorsal surface with two irregular longitudinal rows of small spines and accompanying tufts of stiff setae extending beyond midlength; mesial surface with median row of small tubercles and accompanying tufts of setae and prominent groove inferior to midline in proximal half; ventral surface with row of tiny tubercles and tufts of stiff setae on midline and with few small tubercles proximomesially; cutting edge with row of low, tiny tubercles. Palm about twice length of carpus; dorsal surface with tufts of stiff setae and four or five irregular longitudinal rows of small tubercles or spines (spines strongest around base of fixed finger), lateral rows extending onto fixed finger, dorsomesial face with numerous spines; mesial surface with some small tubercles dorsally, otherwise nearly smooth; ventral surface very slightly convex, with two rows of small spines laterally, extending onto fixed finger. Carpus with row of spines on dorsal margin and on dorsolateral surface, dorsodistal margin spinose; mesial surface with row of small spines or spine-like tubercles adjacent to dorsal margin and median row of small spinulose tubercles, distomesial margin spinulose. Merus with short transverse spinulose ridges or row of spines and tufts of long setae over entire length of dorsal margin, dorsodistal margin spinose; lateral surface with scattered tiny spinulose tubercles and tufts of short setae, ventrolateral margin only delimited in distal part, with two small spines or tubercles subdistally; mesial surface nearly smooth, with small spine-like tubercles adjacent to ventral margin, ventromesial margin with row of tiny to small spines; ventral surface with tiny spines and tufts of setae. Ischium with row of small tubercles on ventromesial margin; some small tubercles present on ventral surface.</p> <p>Ambulatory legs (Figures 13A, B, 14A, B) similar, but third pair slightly longer than second pair. Dactyli about 1.5 times as long as propodi and 7.5–8.0 times longer than wide; dorsal margins unarmed (second and right third) or armed with row of minute spinules (left third) (Figure 14C), and each with row of moderately short stiff dense setae; lateral surfaces each with shallow median sulcus running over entire length; mesial surfaces each with short median sulcus and median row of setae proximally, otherwise nearly flat, and with dorsal and ventral rows of long stiff dense setae; ventral surfaces each with row of short sparse setae. Propodi slightly curved, distinctly longer than carpi; dorsal surfaces each with two rows of spinules and tufts of short stiff setae; lateral surface each with one row of small spinules and tufts of short stiff setae dorsally, otherwise nearly smooth; mesial surfaces each with row of small spinules dorsally (second) or unarmed (third), and with few tufts of short setae; ventral margins nearly smooth (second) or with row of small, low protuberances (third). Carpi each with row of small spines and tufts of setae on dorsal margin (spines smaller in third than in second; distalmost spine strongest); lateral surfaces each with median row of minute tubercles (second) or row of tiny, low protuberances (third); mesial surfaces each with one or more additional spine near base of dorsodistal spine (second) or unarmed (third). Meri with dorsal and ventral tufts of setae; dorsal margins each with row of spinules; lateral surfaces with minute spinulose tubercles dorsally and ventrally; mesial surfaces each with row of tufts of moderately long setae adjacent to dorsal margin; ventral surfaces each with two rows of spinules and row of tufts of setae. Ischia with rounded tubercles on ventral surfaces, dorsal margins bearing small spine (second) or unarmed (third).</p> <p>Fourth pereopods chelate (Figure 10F). Dactyli reaching distal margins of propodi. Propodi each with distinctly produced dorsodistal margin sometimes bearing one small spine; rasp consisting of about 10 rows of corneous scales. Carpi each with or without dorsodistal spine.</p> <p>Anterior lobe of sixth thoracic sternite (of third pereopods) (Figure 10G) distinctly bilobed, each lobe with two small spines laterally and anteriorly.</p> <p>Telson (Figure 10H) with small median cleft, terminal margin oblique on left, nearly transverse on right, both with row of spinules or small spines (row of spinules extending onto left lateral margin), left with three prominent spines at lateral angle.</p> <p>Coloration</p> <p>Based on formalin preserved specimen: generally tan; non conspicuous markings on ocular peduncle, antennular peduncle and antenna; cornea black. Left chela with sparse brown dots on outer surface; carpus and merus with few brown dots. Ambulatory legs with trace of browning markings on middle parts of propodi and carpi.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Known only from Chinese coast from Bohai to Zhejiang; intertidal to 30 m.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Diogenes paracristimanus was originally described on the basis of three specimens, including two males and one female, from Shandong and Zhejiang Provinces (Wang and Dong 1977). Wang (2008) added locality records of the species, but no morphological information was provided. In spite of our efforts, the type material could not be located. The present specimens from Guandong Province, located south of the known localities of this species, agree well with the original description except for the length of the antennular peduncle. In the original figure, the antennular peduncle exceeds beyond the antennal peduncle, but in the present two specimens it just reaches the latter. In the original description, the authors did not specifically mention about the extension of the antennular peduncle. It is most probable that this discrepancy is due to artistic inaccuracy.</p> <p>The armature of the ambulatory legs seems to be ontogenetically variable in this species. In the three larger specimens (sl 5.3–7.4 mm), small spines on the ventral margin of the meri of the second pereopods and on the dorsal margins of the propodi of the third pereopods are conspicuous, but those spines are reduced to minute granules or spinules in the other two smaller specimens (sl 4.9, 4.9 mm).</p> <p>Diogenes paracristimanus is here referred to the Diogenes edwardsii species group by the characters of the intercalary rostriform process and the antenna (Asakura and Tachikawa 2010), though Asakura and Tachikawa (2010) did not mention this species. Although Wang and Dong (1977) compared the present species only with D. bicristimanus Alcock, 1905, we have found that it is also very similar to D. costatus Henderson, 1893 and D. lophochir Morgan, 1989. The shared characters of these four species include: (1) left palm bearing distinct spinose or tuberculate crest extending from lower margin to proximo-lower margin near carpal articulation; and (2) propodi and carpi of second pereopods bearing rows of spinules on dorsal margins. Diogenes bicristimanus can be easily distinguished from D. paracristimanus by the sharp, stronger spines on or adjacent to the lower margin of the left palm, the presence of deep depressions on the outer surface of the left palm adjacent to the upper and lower margins, the smooth dorsal margins of the propodi of the second and third pereopods, and the reduced armature on the anterior lobe of the sixth thoracic sternite (Alcock 1905; Tirmizi and Siddiqui 1982; Komai, unpublished data). In D. paracristimanus, tubercles on the lower part of the left palm are blunt; there are no marked depressions on the outer surface of the left palm; the propodi of the second and third pereopods are each armed with a dorsal row of small spines; the anterior lobe of the sixth thoracic sternite bears two pairs of spiniform tubercles. Diogenes costatus is separated from D. paracristimanus by the more pronounced crest on the left palm, extending from the lower proximal angle to at least the midlength, and the absence of a dorsal row of spinules on the propodi of the third pereopod (Henderson 1893; Alcock 1905; Tirmizi and Siddiqui 1982; McLaughlin 2002b). In D. paracristimanus, the crest extending from the lower proximal angle of the left palm is weak, not extending to the midlength of the palm; and the propodi of the third pereopods are each armed with a dorsal row of spinules. Diogenes lophochir differs from D. paracristimanus in the possession of six or seven large spines on the dorsal margin of the anterior part of each branchiostegite, the prominent crest on the left palm extending from the lower proximal angle nearly to the base of the dactylus along the midline, the unarmed dorsal and mesial surfaces of the dactylus of the right cheliped, and the presence of a distinct longitudinal sulcus on the dactyli of the ambulatory legs (Morgan 1989). In D. paracristimanus, the branchiostegite is armed with a row of about 10 small spines on the anterior part of the dorsal margin; the dactylus of the right cheliped is armed with longitudinal rows of small spines on the dorsal surface and a longitudinal row of small tubercles on the mesial surface; the dactyli of the ambulatory legs are devoid of distinct longitudinal sulci.</p> <p>As mentioned above, Diogenes paracristimanus is also similar to D. deflectomanus, which has an overlapping distribution in Chinese waters (for comparison, see the account of D. deflectomanus).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6414D960FFAFFF9FFED155BF4137FEC5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Komai, Tomoyuki;Liang, Jingzhen;Yang, Tingbao	Komai, Tomoyuki, Liang, Jingzhen, Yang, Tingbao (2012): Records of four species of the shallow water hermit crab genus Diogenes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) from southern China, with description of a new species. Journal of Natural History 46 (19 - 20): 1219-1248, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.654279, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.654279
6414D960FFA0FF9FFE4D573D4045FA11.text	6414D960FFA0FF9FFE4D573D4045FA11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diogenes rectimanus Miers 1884	<div><p>Diogenes rectimanus Miers, 1884</p> <p>Diogenes rectimanus Miers, 1884, p. 262, pl. 27, figure c [type locality: Torres Strait]; Alcock 1905, p. 71, pl. 6, figure 8, 8a, pl. 7, figure 2, 2a; Wang 1991, p. 226, figure 185; McLaughlin and Clark 1997, p. 37, figure 10b; McLaughlin 2002b, p. 414, figure 2A–C; McLaughlin et al. 2007, p. 151, unnumbered figure; McLaughlin et al. 2010, p. 21.</p> <p>Not Diogenes rectimanus – Lanchester 1902, p. 366. = Diogenes goniochirus Forest, 1956 and D. avarus Heller, 1865.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.89017&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.438" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.89017/lat 23.438)">Haling Bay</a>, Guandong Province, 20 ◦ 10.20 ′ N, 110 ◦ 56.40 ′ E, 10 m, sand, November 2007, one male (sl 5.5 mm; No. 10), CBM-ZC 10523; Shantou Bay, 23 ◦ 26.28 ′ N, 116 ◦ 53.41 ′ E, 10 m, mud, November 2007, one female (sl 5.5 mm; No. 11), CBM- ZC 10524; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.659&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.041334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.659/lat 21.041334)">Leizhou Bay</a>, Guandong Province, 21 ◦ 02.48 ′ N, 110 ◦ 39.54 ′ E, 10 m, sand, December 2006, one male (sl 5.7 mm), IOCAS-MBM 119740; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.8375&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.354334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.8375/lat 23.354334)">Shantou Bay</a>, 23 ◦ 21.26 ′ N, 116 ◦ 50.25 ′ E, 10 m, mud, one male (sl 5.3 mm), IOCAS-MBM 119741.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Gulf of Aden, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Torres Straight, Australia, China, Taiwan; intertidal to 36 m.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Diogenes rectimanus is referred to the D. edwardsii species group (Asakura and Tachikawa 2010), and is characterized by the following features: left chela with scattered stiff setae on outer surface, armed with sharp spines, forming longitudinal rows proximal to base of dactylus and on midline; carpi of second and third pereopods each with row of spinules on dorsal surface; propodi of third pereopod unarmed on dorsal margins; antennal peduncles clearly overreaching distal corneal margins; telson with spines continued onto lateral margins at least on left posterior lobe (McLaughlin and Clark 1997; McLaughlin 2002b; McLaughlin et al. 2007). The present specimens from Chinese waters agree well with D. rectimanus in every diagnostic aspect, fully confirming the occurrence of this species in Chinese waters.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6414D960FFA0FF9FFE4D573D4045FA11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Komai, Tomoyuki;Liang, Jingzhen;Yang, Tingbao	Komai, Tomoyuki, Liang, Jingzhen, Yang, Tingbao (2012): Records of four species of the shallow water hermit crab genus Diogenes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) from southern China, with description of a new species. Journal of Natural History 46 (19 - 20): 1219-1248, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.654279, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.654279
