taxonID	type	description	language	source
642F780D0F501335FF0D7EF7FA55FC6A.taxon	description	2006 Microphorites sp.; Peñalver et al.; fig. 1. 2007 Microphorites sp.; Delclòs et al. 2007 Microphorites sp.; Peñalver el al.; figs. 6 D & 7. 2007 Dipteran Microphorites sp.; Delclòs & Soriano: fig. 4 H.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F501335FF0D7EF7FA55FC6A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Adult female. Specimen CPT- 963, housed in the Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel- Dinópolis (Teruel Province, Spain). Complete specimen present in a transparent, clear piece of amber of 9 x 5 mm into an epoxy resin preparation of 15 x 9 x 2 mm. The specimen, along with other insects, is trapped within a spider orb web, which is the oldest web in the fossil record (Peñalver et al., 2006). Type locality: Specimen collected in San Just outcrop, in the municipality of Utrillas, near the village of Escucha (Teruel Province, Spain). Escucha Fm. (La Orden Member), Lower Cretaceous (Lower-Middle Albian). See Peñalver et al. (2007) and Delclòs et al. (2007). Derivation of name: After Utrillas, the name of the municipality where the type locality is located.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F501335FF0D7EF7FA55FC6A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Distinghished from other female and male Microphorites by the following combination of characters: very short arista (shorter than basal flagellomere), scutellum with two pairs of strong apical setae, costal vein ends at apex of M 1, R 1 ends at a basal position with respect to m-cu crossvein, R 2 + 3 ends in a medial position between the ends of R 1 and R 4 + 5, crossvein r-m at 2 / 5 of the wing length, dm-cu not arched and 3.5 times longer than m-cu, abdomen elongate (not short and compact).	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F501335FF0D7EF7FA55FC6A.taxon	description	Description: Body length 1.70 mm (from head to the evaginated distal part of the abdomen, see Fig. 1 & Pl. 1, fig. a). Head 0.25 mm long, 0.32 mm greatest width. Eye dichoptic (slightly separate in dorsal position), bare, not emarginated near antennae, diameter 0.20 mm, occupying entire lateral surface of head. Ommatidia uniform (Fig. 2 & Pl. 1, fig. b). Postocular setae apparently absent. Three large ocelli in a narrow triangle without ocellar setae. Frons broad and face broader than frons. Clypeus bare. Proboscis relatively long, with abundant fine, long hairs apically. Palp short and one-segmented, flat, slightly longer than broad (Fig. 2), 0.07 mm long and 0.04 mm wide, with short, fine hairs. Strong setae around mouthparts. Aristate antenna 0.26 mm long with fine, dense microtrichia. Scape reduced. Pedicel 0.04 mm long, 0.05 mm wide, with a ring of strong setae apically. Basal flagellomere subtriangular, bilaterally symmetrical, laterally compressed, elongate, basally swollen, 0.12 mm long, 0.04 mm greatest width, 0.05 mm greatest height. Arista apical and short, 0.10 mm long, and 2 - articulated, basal article very small, slightly longer than width (0.01 mm long). Distal article 0.09 mm long. Thorax 0.45 mm long. Proepisternum and prosternum bare. Few strong thoracic setae; scutum with two long, strong setae in a dorsal position and scutellum with two pairs of strong apical setae. Wings 1.18 mm long, 0.44 mm wide, without a costal bristle, and only very slightly pointed at apex. Apart from the diagnostic venational characters the wing venation (Fig. 3 a) shows a C with one row of spinules, a Sc parallel with R 1 except for a short curved stem which apparently touches it apically (the connection with C is not visible; possibly distal part is evanescent, i. e., Sc vein incomplete), all longitudinal veins complete, an R 4 + 5 unbranched and reaching very close to the wing apex, an M 1 straight beyond crossvein dm-cu and flexed apically, a crossvein r-m short and near wing base, an m-cu vein tubular and inclined towards wing apex, a bm-cu crossvein complete, and a CuA 2 curved. The veins are not setose, except C, and the crossvein h is obscured (not drawn in Figs. 1 & 3 a). Anal lobe not well developed. Legs not modified and moderately bristly. Fore leg 1.00 mm long (femur 0.33 mm; tibia 0.35 mm; ta 1 0.12 mm, ta 2 0.06 mm, ta 3 0.05, ta 4 0.03 mm and ta 5 0.06 mm). Mid legs difficult to measure (tarsus approximately 0.36 mm). Hind leg 1.02 mm long (femur 0.35 mm; tibia 0.32 mm; ta 1 0.16 mm, ta 2 0.06 mm, ta 3 0.04 mm, ta 4 0.03 mm and ta 5 0.06 mm); tibia not clavate and first tarsomere of normal shape. Empodium apparently small or setiform, and pulvilli well-developed (Fig. 3 b). Abdomen telescoped, elongate, 1.14 mm long, 0.30 mm wide, with the terminalia extruded (Fig. 3 c & Pl. 1, fig. c) (abdomen partially destroyed and impregnated with resin). Tergite 10 short (0.03 mm long and 0.03 mm wide), with sclerite apparently undivided, and without acanthophorite apical spines. Apical segments of the abdomen with long setulae (segment 10 with setulae only in the cerci). Cerci sclerotized (apparently heavily sclerotized), short (0.03 mm long), held horizontally, lateral in position, with at least four strong bristles each (up to 0.05 mm) and few setulae.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F501335FF0D7EF7FA55FC6A.taxon	discussion	Discussion: This female specimen found in San Just Amber clearly belongs to the genus Microphorites Hennig, 1971 (Dolichopodidae: Microphorinae). It shows all the characters indicated by Grimaldi & Cumming (1999) in the translated and summarized diagnosis of Hennig (1971). It corresponds to a new microphorine species which differentiates from the four species found in the Early Cretaceous ambers from Lebanon [M. extinctus, female (Hennig, 1971), M. similis, female, M. oculeus, male (Grimaldi & Cumming, 1999)] and France [M. deploegi males and females (Nel et al., 2004)]. It is closest to the last one mentioned.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F501335FF0D7EF7FA55FC6A.taxon	description	Microphorites utrillensis nov. sp. differs from M. similis, described by Grimaldi & Cumming (1999) on the basis of a female specimen from Lebanon Amber, mainly in having a different morphology of the basal flagellomere and a distal one that is very short in comparison, a shorter proboscis, a costal vein ending at apex of M 1, a complete Sc, an R 1 ending in a basal position respect to m-cu crossvein, an m-cu vein inclined towards wing apex, a dm-cu 3.5 times longer than m-cu, and an abdomen elongated with distinct terminalia. Microphorites oculeus was described on the basis of a male specimen from Lebanon Amber by Grimaldi & Cumming (1999). This species is easily distinguished from all other known Microphorites, including the new species, by its longer and very abruptly tapered basal flagellomere with a strongly bulbous base and eyes occupying most of the head. Also differs from the new species in having clearly longer articles of the arista, a complete Sc and a costal vein ending at apex of R 4 + 5. Several male and female specimens of Microphorites are known from Álava Amber probably representing at least four different forms not yet described. Thus an important goal for future researches will be to elucidate if the species of San Just Amber is already know in the Álava deposit. Nel et al. (2004) provided an extensive discussion about the relationships of the family Dolichopodidae and the ¨ Microphorinae ¨ and ¨ Parathalassiinae ¨ groups, indicating the relevance of the genus Microphorites for the cladistic analysis. Recently, an extensive cladistic analysis of the Empidoidea and basal lineages of the Cyclorrhapha based on morphological characters has been published by Sinclair & Cumming (2006). That analysis has confirmed the monophyly of both groups and the authors included into Empidoidea the five families Empididae, Hybotidae, Atelestidae, Brachystomatidae and Dolichopodidae s. lat. Last, the family Microphoridae was not recognized, and the Microphorinae and Parathalassiinae were assigned to the Dolichopodidae s. lat. by the authors cited.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F54133BFF0D794CFA5FFCCF.taxon	materials_examined	Material: the specimen CPT- 970 (Figs. 4 a – d & Pl. 1, figs. d – e) in a preparation of 12 x 12 x 2 mm, in origin together with some syninclusions (four hymenopterans of the family Scelionidae, CPT- 966 to CPT- 969, and one thysanopteran, CPT- 971), and the specimen CPT- 3343 (Fig. 4 e) in an amber piece that was divided for the study of its biological inclusions (syninclusions include one Homoptera Perforissidae, 5 Hymenoptera, and 3 Diptera Keroplatidae). For future comparisons, the number of the holotype of Protoculicoides skalskii Szadziewski & Arillo, 1998 was erroneously published in the original description, actually it is MCNA- 8645. Emended and completed description of the species: Largely based on original description by Szadziewski & Arillo (1998) and the two new specimens from San Just (Fig. 4). Total length: 1.3 – 1.4 mm. Eyes well separated (Figs. 4 b and 4 e). Flagellum with 13 flagellomeres being 2 – 8 subglobular and 9 – 13 more elongated (Fig. 4 e). Antennal ratio around 0.93. Proboscis very long, twice as long as the eye height. Total length of head with proboscis half the length of thorax plus abdomen. Palpus very slender, 5 - segmented. Third palpal segment cylindrical, 0.10 mm long, sensilla capitata not visible. Fourth and fifth palpal segments equal in length. Scutellum rounded with four marginal setae. Legs slender, unmodified. Tibial spur of fore leg distinct. Hind tibial spur and tibial comb not visible. Fourth tarsomere almost cylindrical. Claws short, simple, equal, similar on all legs. Tarsal ratio of fore leg 1.7, of mid leg 2.1 and hind leg 2.5 (tarsal ratio of hind leg emended from original description as ratio of holotype was erroneous due to body angle). Wing length 0.8 – 0.9 mm. Wing membrane without macrotrichia; microtrichia distinct. C and R veins with long hairs on dorsal margin (Fig. 4 d). Media petiolate. Both radial cells well developed, second one somewhat longer than first. Costa ending at tip of vein R 3, costal ratio 0.73. Halter normal shaped (Fig. 4 a). Abdomen not modified, cerci short.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F5A133BFF0D7A5DFE2FF94D.taxon	materials_examined	Material: One female CPT- 3345 in a preparation of 4 x 5 x 2 mm.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F5A133BFF0D7A5DFE2FF94D.taxon	description	Description: Body length about 1 mm. Eyes widely separated. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, being 2 – 11 more or less spherical and 12 th cylindrical (Fig. 5 c). Proboscis relatively short with 4 - segmented palpus. Wing length 0.6 – 0.7 mm, with costal vein not prolonged beyond vein R 3. Vein R 4 + 5 well developed to wing apex (Fig. 5 a). Legs slender, claws simple (Fig. 5 b), and tarsal ratio of hind leg about 1.4. Female cerci elongate, slender, 3.1 times longer than broad (Fig. 5 d).	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
642F780D0F5A133BFF0D7A5DFE2FF94D.taxon	discussion	Discussion: The new ceratopogonid specimens from San Just Amber clearly belong to the two species described from Álava Amber, despite some minor differences in the specimens of P. s k a l s k i i that fit within species variability. These two species possess a long proboscis, indicating haematophagous habits. According to Grimaldi & Engel (2005), vertebrate feeding occurred in the ancestral ceratopogonid, and this habit would be inherited from the ancestor of probably all culicomorphans. Adults in extant species of Leptoconops feed on blood of mammals, birds and reptiles.	en	Arillo, Antonio, Peñalver, Enrique, Delclòs, Xavier (2008): Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa 1920: 29-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184689
