identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
64292228FFD0FFDDFF36FD9BFDE21B96.text	64292228FFD0FFDDFF36FD9BFDE21B96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) incertum Chamberlin 1930	<div><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) incertum Chamberlin, 1930</p><p>(Figs 1–15, 78–79)</p><p>Neobisium incertum Chamberlin, 1930: 14, figs 1k, 2ee; Chamberlin 1931, figs 13f–g, 17e, 35d, 43g –i; Beier 1948: 188, fig. 1.</p><p>Obisium carcinoides: Simon 1898: 21 (in part: Ozieri, Uras, Mount Ferru, Laconi); Gestro 1904: 14 (see Neobisium sublaeve).</p><p>Obisium muscorum: Simon 1898: 21; Gestro 1904: 14.</p><p>Obisium doderoi: Ellingsen 1909: 207 (in part: Golfo Aranci); Krausse-Heldrungen 1912: 66.</p><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) doderoi: Lazzeroni 1969: 229; Callaini 1983: 288.</p><p>Neobisium incertum: Vachon 1940: 142.</p><p>Type locality: Italy, Sardinia, Nuoro Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.933333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.866665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.933333/lat 39.866665)">Sorgono</a> (40°01’N 9°06’E) [but probably: Oristano Province, Asuni (39°52’N 8°56’E) (see Judson 1997: 21)] .</p><p>Distribution. France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia).</p><p>Diagnosis (♂ ♀). An epigean, medium-sized Neobisium (Neobisium) from Corsica and Sardinia that differs from other Mediterranean species of the genus in the following combination of characters: carapace without (rarely with one) preocular setae on each side and with 7–12 (mostly 8–10) setae on posterior margin; ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of 12 setae; epistome acute triangular, mostly with apical denticles; anterior and posterior eyes bulging and almost contiguous, with tapetum; anterior eyes about half their diameter from the edge of the carapace; tergites I–IV: 6–10:7–12:10–12:10–14 (probable standard chaetotaxy 6:10:12:12); cheliceral palm with 7 (rarely 6) setae, rallum with 8 blades; pedipalps smooth; fixed chelal finger homodentate, with contiguous, pointed teeth; movable chelal finger with flattened, almost vestigial teeth in its proximal two-thirds, with dentition clearly evident in the distal third from the trichobothrium t to the finger apex (rarely with higher teeth also in the proximal two-thirds); fixed and movable chelal fingers with 55–73 and 36–54 teeth, respectively; pedipalpal femur 0.78–1.15 mm length (3.71–4.33 ×), patella 0.53–0.75 mm (2.10–2.45 ×), distal opening of the patella wide (X/Y = 1.0–1.3), movable finger 0.755–1.01 mm; pedipalpal hand with oval profile; ratio between movable chelal finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths1.02–1.24; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths1.00–1.19; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths1.21–1.43; trichobothrium ist distal st, closer to the finger tip than to isb; trichobothria isb and ib mostly at the same level.</p><p>Type material examined. None.</p><p>Non-type material examined. FRANCE — Corsica: Corse du Sud: 1♂ 1♀, Sartène, 1.VI.1982, A. Torchia &amp; S. Zoia leg. Corsica: Haute-Corse: 1♂ 1♀, near Frassiccia, 9 km NW Aleria, 27.IV.2001, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG); 1♀, Stagno di Biguglia, 8.V.2001, R. Poggi leg., Salicornia saltmarsh (MSNG). ITALY — Sardinia: Cagliari Prov.: 1♀ 1 T, Maracalagonis, Corongiu, XII.1996, P. Leo leg. ; 1♀, near Monserrato, IX.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 2♀, Pula, Pixinamanna, 204 m a.s.l., 19.X.2008, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 3♂ 3♀, Quartu Sant’Elena, Capitana, IX.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 2♂ 1♀, Santa Margherita di Pula, 28.X.1978, P. Leo leg.; 1♂ 2♀, Sarroch, river Mt Nieddu, X.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 2♂ 1♀, Sinnai, Mt Sette Fratelli, Maidopis, 11.IX.2010, R. Rattu leg. ; 1♀, id., 4.XII.2010, R. Rattu leg. ; 3♀, Sinnai, Mt Sette Fratelli, San Pietro, 200–400 m a.s.l., X.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂, Sinnai, San Gregorio, 15.I.2011, R. Rattu leg. ; 1♀, id., V.2011, R. Rattu leg. ; 2♀, id., XII.2011, R. Rattu leg., leaf litter ; 6♂ 2♀, id., 1.II.2012, R. Rattu leg., leaf litter ; 2♀, Sinnai, San Gregorio, Su Incantu, 272 m a.s.l., IX.2008, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 2♂ 1♀, Uta, Mt Sa Genna de Su Cerbu, IX.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG). Sardinia: Nuoro Prov.: 1 T, near Aritzo, 20.VI.1980, S. Zoia leg. ; 4D, Gadoni, Is Brecas, 25.III.2018, C. Onnis leg. ; 5 T 1D, Gairo Cardedu, 26.VI.1984, C. Torti leg., Quercus ilex wood ; 1 T, Gairo Marina, 11.V.1980, G. Gardini leg. ; 1D, Osini, 19.V.1980, C. Torti leg. ; 1♀, Osini, near Scala di San Giorgio, 1.IV.2008, C. Torti leg. ; 1♂, Perdasdefogu, Is Angurtidorgius 4 Sa / NU, 2.XII.1995, G. Zanda, T. Piras, G.C. Piras &amp; G. Altea leg., 1000 m from the entrance ; 1♀ 1 T, Posada, Mt Idda, 20.III.2017, C. Onnis leg. ; 1 T, Siniscola, Mt Albo, Mt Nioleo, 10.IV.2016, C. Onnis leg. ; 1♂ 4♀ 1 T, Tertenia, Barisoni, 6.XI.1992, C. Meloni leg., leaf litter under Pistacia sp. ; 2♂, Tortolì, Stagno di Tortolì, 2.VI.1999, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG). Sardinia: Oristano Prov.: 1♀, Abbasanta, 5.II.1985, C. Meloni leg. ; 1♀, Arborea, 24.IV.1979, S. Riese leg. ; 1♀, Asuni, 22.XII.1993, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. ; 1♂ ( Obisium carcinoides, E. Simon det.), M.te Ferru, V.1891, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1 T, Cuglieri, Monte Ferru, 30.IV.1979, S. Riese leg. ; 2♀, SE surroundings of Cuglieri, Mt Ferru, 650 m a.s.l., 16.V.2003, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG) ; 2♂ 1♀ 9 T 1D ( Obisium carcinoides, E. Simon det.), Laconi, V.1891, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂ 1 T ( Obisium muscorum, E. Simon det.), Laconi, 26.V.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂ 2♀ 1 T, Laconi, Funtanamela, 630 m a.s.l., 17.VI.1994, C. Meloni leg., beating Pistacia lentiscus ; 1♂, id., 720 m a.s.l., 24.V.1995, C. Meloni leg., sifting; 1♂, near Mogoro, X.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 1 T, Oristano, 30.IV.1979, S. Riese leg. ; 1♀, San Vero Milis, Putzu Idu beach, 24.IX.1977, N. Sanfilippo leg. ; 2♂ 1♀, near Uras, X.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG). Sardinia: Sassari Prov.: 1♀, Alghero, Mt Palmavera, 31.XII.1988, G. Grafitti leg. ; 1♂, Badesi, Baia delle Mimose, 0 m a.s.l., 26.X.2018, A. Pes leg., sand dunes ; 1♂ 5♀ ( Obisium carcinoides, E. Simon det.), Capo Caccia, 17.IV.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂, Cossoine, Grotta Sa Ucca ‘e Mammuscone 180 Sa /SS, 19.X.1991, M. Rampini leg. ; 6♂ 3♀ ( Obisium muscorum, E. Simon det.), Golfo Aranci, IV.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 2♀ (?) ( ObisiumDoderoi, E. Ellingsen det.), Golfo Aranci, no date, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♀, Golfo Aranci, Capo Figari, Pozzo Erni 2157 Sa /SS, 22.III.2014, C. Onnis leg. ; 1♂, La Maddalena, Isola Caprera, Poggio Santo Stefano, 31.III.1994, R. Manconi leg. ; 1♀ ( Obisium carcinoides, E. Simon det.), Ozieri, no date, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂, Sassari, Caniga, 17.III.1983, G. Gardini leg. ; 1♀, Sassari, Abealzu, 13.XII.1983, G. Gardini leg. ; 1♂ 2 T, Stintino, Stagno di Casaraccio, 2.V.2000, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG) ; 1 T ( Obisium muscorum, E. Simon det.), Tempio Pausania, 7.IV.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂ (?) ( Obisium carcinoides, E. Simon det.), Uras, 25.IV.1891, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG). Sardinia: Sud Sardegna Prov.: 1♀ ( N. doderoi, G. Callaini det.), Arbus, Sant’Antonio di Santadi, 26.IX.1980, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG) ; 15 T, Arbus, Passo Bidderdì, 400 m a.s.l., 20.IV.1997, C. Giusto leg., beating Cytisus laniger DC.; 1♀, Ballao, Rio Bintinoi, 2. XII.1986, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. ; 1♂ 1D, Buggerru, near Miniera San Luigi, 347 m a.s.l., 11.XI.2006, G. Nardi &amp; M. Zapparoli leg. (CNBFVR) ; 1♀, Buggerru, near Grugua, 530m a.s.l., 11.XI.2006, M. Bardiani et al. leg. (CNBFVR) ; 2♀ 8 T, Burcei, Campuomo, 395 m a.s.l., 28.IV.2010, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 1♀ 1 T, near Burcei, 600 m a.s.l., 6.V.2000, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂, Carbonia, Barbusi, 11.XI.1986, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. ; 1♂, Carloforte, La Punta, 11.III.1982, P. Leo leg. ; 1♀, Carloforte, near Stagno Vinagra, 114 m a.s.l., 8.XII.2009, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 1♂, Carloforte, Cala Fico, 8.XII.2009, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 1♀, Domus de Maria, 29.XII.1991, P. Leo leg. ; 1♂ 2♀, Domus de Maria, Isola Su Cardolinu, 15 m a.s.l., 11.XII.2011, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 1♂, Domus de Maria, Punta Su Pisu, 19 m a.s.l., XII.2006, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 3♂ 4♀, id., 16.IX.2007, G. Ruzzante leg.; 1♀ 1 T 1D, id., V.2008, G. Ruzzante leg.; 7♂ 9♀, id., XI.2009, G. Ruzzante leg., bundles of dry branches; 2♂ 5♀, id., 25.IX.2010, G. Ruzzante leg., bundles of dry branches; 1♂ 2 T, near Domusnovas, 4.V.1976, L. Briganti leg. ; 1♂ 1♀, Domusnovas, near Sa Duchessa, 320 m a.s.l., 12.XI.2006, M. Bardiani et al. leg., Quercus ilex wood (CNBFVR) ; 1♂ 1♀, Domusnovas, near Grotta di San Giovanni, 325 m a.s.l., 12.XI.2006, M. Bardiani et al. leg., Quercus ilex wood (CNBFVR) ; 2 T ( Obisium muscorum, E. Simon det.), Flumentorgiu, V.1897, F. Solari leg. (MSNG) ; 1♀, Fluminimaggiore, Perd’e Fogu, 2.IV.1995, C. Meloni leg., under Olea europaea ; 3♀, Fluminimaggiore, between Sa Duchessa and Tempio di Antas, 542 m a.s.l., IX.2009, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 1♂ 2♀, Gergei, XII.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 1♀, Gonnesa, 2.IV.1995, C. Meloni leg., under Olea europaea ; 1 T, Guspini, Sa Funtanedda, 9.IV.1995, C. Meloni leg., under Olea europaea ; 4D, Iglesias, Tempio di Antas, 29.III.1991, G. Gardini leg. ; 1♂ 3♀, Iglesias, near Case Marganai, 660 m a.s.l., 14.XI.2006, M. Bardiani et al. leg., Quercus ilex wood (CNBFVR) ; 1♀, Iglesias, Nebida, I.2000, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 1♀ 2 T 2D, Iglesias, Mamenga, 610 m a.s.l., 1.III.2006, L. Fancello leg. (CNBFVR) ; 1♂, Iglesias, Monti Marganai, 700 m a.s.l., 21.X.2003, D. Birtele et al. leg., Malaise trap (CNBFVR) ; 1♂. Iglesias, near P.te Genna Ollioni, 650 m a.s.l., 14.XI.2006, G. Nardi &amp; M. Zapparoli leg., Quercus ilex wood (CNBFVR) ; 2 T, Iglesias, P.ta Serra Pirastu, 656 m a.s.l., 6.VI.2004, G. Nardi leg., beating Cistus sp. (CNBFVR) ; 3♂ 2♀, Muravera, Costa Rei, Stagno Santa Giusta, X.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 2 T, Muravera, San Giovanni beach, 5.V.2018, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG) ; 15 T, Nurallao, Stazione di Cignoni, 580 m a.s.l., 7.VI.1994, C. Meloni leg., beating Pistacia lentiscus ; 1 T, San Nicolò Gerrei, Mt Taccu, Grotta Su Fummu n.c., 1.V.2012, C. Onnis leg. ; 4 T 1D, Sant’Antioco, 11.V.1988, R. Argano leg. ; 1 T, Isola Sant’Antioco, Cala Lunga, 13.VI.1989, G. Osella leg. ; 1 T, Sant’Antioco, Isl. La Vacca, 14.VI.1989, G. Osella leg. ; 1♂ 1D, Serri, 27.X.1992, P. Leo leg. ; 1 T ( Obisium muscorum, E. Simon det.), Seui, 7.V.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂ 1♀, Siliqua, 14.I.1980, C. Meloni leg. ; 1♂, Siliqua, Mt Uannena, 60 m a.s.l., 9.X.1994, C. Meloni leg., under Olea europaea ; 2D, Seui, Mt Arquerì, cave n.c., 15.IV,2017, C. Onnis leg. ; 2♀ ( Obisium muscorum, E. Simon det.), Soleminis, II.1896, U. Lostia leg. (MSNG) ; 2♀, Soleminis, Mt Arrubiu, 465 m a.s.l., 10.X.2009, G. Ruzzante leg., bundles of dry branches ; 1♂ 1♀, Villacidro, Mt Mannu, 340 m a.s.l., 19.IX.2010, G. Ruzzante leg. ; 1♀, Villacidro, San Sisinnio, 2.I.1987, P. Leo leg. ; 1♂ 4 T, Villacidro, near Mt Anzeddu, 500 m a.s.l., 10.XI.2006, G. Nardi &amp; M. Zapparoli leg. (CNBFVR) ; 1♀, Villamassargia, 31.III.1995, C. Meloni leg., under Olea europaea ; 2 T, Villaputzu, Castello di Quirra, 14.V.1994, C. Meloni leg., on Pistacia sp.</p><p>Description of adults (♂ ♀). Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae yellow-brown, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.1–1.3 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, with four bulging eyes with tapetum (Fig. 9); anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.08–0.11 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.04–0.07 mm (the anterior eyes are about half their diameter from the edge of the carapace); distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.02–0.04 mm; anterior margin of carapace with prominent triangular epistome (0.025 –0.035 mm length), mostly with apical denticles (Figs 1, 9); chaetotaxy 4:6:6:7–12, posterior row mostly with 8–10 macrosetae; one preocular microseta on each side rarely present. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X (♂ ♀): 6–10:7–12:10–12:10–14:12– 14:12–16:12–14:12–14:11–13:10–12, probable standard chaetotaxy of tergites I–VIII: 6:10:12:12:12:12:12:12. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♂): 8–14:(3)20–36(3):(3)12–16(3):14–17:13–19:14–18:14–18:14–16:13–14, lateral genital sacs tubular, median genital sac pyriform, reaching or just beyond the sternite V (Fig. 4), genital atrium with 3+3 setae; chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♀): 8–9:(3–4)19–23(3–4):(3)14–15(3):20–21:18:20:18–21:19–20:18–19, genital area as in fig. 12. Chelicera (Figs 3, 11) 1.83–1.92 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, palm with 7 (rarely 6) setae; fixed finger with 12–18 subequal teeth, gradually smaller distally; movable finger with 8–14 teeth, the largest just distad gs; gs ratio 0.63–0.66, spinneret subcircular, largely prominent in female, more reduced in male; rallum with 8 blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 24–26 and 27–29 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 4 setae. Coxal setae (♂ ♀): pedipalp 6–8, I 6–10, II 6–8, III 6–8, IV 8– 13; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes (Figs 2, 10). Pedipalp (Figs 5–7, 13–15): trochanter 1.80–2.02 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, with a prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 3.77–4.30 (♂) or 3.71–4.33 (♀) times as long as broad, weakly enlarged distally; patella 2.15–2.45 (♂) or 2.10–2.39 (♀) times as long as broad, ratio X/Y = 1.0–1.3 (♂ ♀); chela with pedicel 3.37–3.73 (♂) or 3.17–3.67 (♀) times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.68–1.82 (♂) or 1.54–1.85 (♀) times as long as broad, with oval profile and its greatest width just before the middle; fingers curved in dorsal view (Figs 6, 14); fixed chelal finger homodentate (Figs 7, 15), with 55–73 (♂ ♀) pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with a total of 36–54 teeth (♂ ♀): these are mostly flattened, almost vestigial in the proximal two-thirds of the finger to become―distally to trichobothrium t ―high with a rounded apex (6–10 teeth) and then with a pointed apex (9–15 teeth) (Figs 7, 15); rarely with higher teeth (specimens from surroundings of Domusnovas, Cala Fico near Carloforte, Scala di San Giorgio near Osini, Serri, Gergei, Uras and Asuni); all teeth with dental canals; trichobothria as in figs 6–7, 14–15; relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis (♂ ♀): it 0.12–0.15/ et 0.16–0.175/ est 0.19 –0.24/ ist 0.33–0.38/ isb 0.79–0.84/ ib 0.795–0.84/ esb 0.905–0.95/ eb 0.915 –0.955 / t 0.23–0.27/ st 0.36–0.46/ sb 0.66–0.74/ b 0.85–0.88; trichobothrium est distal t; trichobothrium ist distal st, closer to the finger tip than to isb; trichobothrium isb mostly at level of ib; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.06–1.24 (♂) or 1.02–1.20 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 1.00–1.19 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.21–1.43 (♂) or 1.26–1.37 (♀). Leg IV (Fig. 8): trochanter 2.13–2.27 (♂ ♀) times as long as deep, femur + patella 3.12–3.33 (♂) or 2.90–3.60 (♀) times as long as deep, tibia 5.00–5.46 (♂) or 4.83–5.72 (♀) times [TS = 0.42–0.56 (♂ ♀)], basitarsus 3.75–4.00 (♂) or 3.75–4.05 (♀) times [TS = 0.13–0.18 (♂ ♀)], telotarsus 5.00–5.62 (♂) or 4.88– 5.62 (♀) times as long as deep [TS = 0.43–0.46 (♂ ♀)], ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.75–0.92 (♂ ♀), subterminal seta furcate, rarely indented (Fig. 8). claws with barely evident dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 2.5–2.8 (♂) or 3.2–3.9 (♀). Carapace 0.55–0.69 × 0.47–0.57 anteriorly (♂) or 0.57– 0.84 × 0.57–0.68 anteriorly (♀). Chelicera 0.44–0.485 × 0.24–0.265 (♂) or 0.475–0.59 × 0.25–0.32 (♀); movable finger length 0.265–0.30 (♂) or 0.295–0.37 (♀). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.36–0.44 × 0.20–0.24 (♂) or 0.375–0.47 × 0.20–0.25 (♀); femur 0.79–0.94 × 0.20–0.225 (♂) or 0.78–1.15 × 0.21–0.275 (♀); patella 0.53–0.65 × 0.23–0.265 (♂) or 0.53–0.75 × 0.24–0.32 (♀); chela with pedicel 1.33–1.54 × 0.37–0.46 (depth 0.375–0.45) (♂) or 1.33–1.80 × 0.41–0.56 (depth 0.395–0.54) (♀); hand with pedicel length 0.635–0.78 (♂) or 0.65–0.94 (♀); movable finger length 0.755–0.89 (♂) or 0.76–1.01 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 0.32–0.42 × 0.145 –0.185 (♂ ♀); femur + patella 0.75– 0.88 × 0.24–0.275 (♂) or 0.735–1.04 × 0.255–0.29 (♀); tibia 0.59–0.71 × 0.11–0.13 (♂) or 0.58–0.83 × 0.12–0.145 (♀); basitarsus 0.30–0.34 × 0.075–0.09 (♂) or 0.30–0.395 × 0.08–0.105 (♀); telotarsus 0.35–0.45 × 0.07–0.08 (♂) or 0.37–0.45 × 0.075 –0.085 (♀).</p><p>Description of tritonymph. Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae brown pale, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.15–1.28 times as long as broad, with four eyes; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.07 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.025 –0.035 mm; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.015 –0.025 mm; anterior margin of carapace with acute triangular epistome (0.02 mm length), mostly with apical denticles; chaetotaxy 4:6:6:7–11, posterior row mostly with 8 macrosetae; preocular microsetae absent. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X: 6–8:8–11:9–12:9–13:10–13:12–13:11–12:11–13:10–12:7. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X: 2:(2) 9–12 (2):(2)10–11(2): 12–14:12–15:14–15:16:15–16:14–15. Chelicera 1.68–1.83 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae; fixed finger with 10–13 subequal teeth, gradually smaller distally; movable finger with 6–10 teeth, the largest just distad gs; gs ratio 0.60–0.69, spinneret subcircular, largely prominent; rallum with 7 blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 22 and 24 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 4 setae. Coxal setae: pedipalp 6, I 6–7, II 6, III 6–7, IV 7–9; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes. Pedipalp: trochanter 1.77–2.00 times as long as broad, with a prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 3.58–3.93 times as long as broad; patella 2.02–2.23 times as long as broad; chela with pedicel 3.23–3.55 times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.53–1.77 times as long as broad; fixed chelal finger homodentate, with 52–58 pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with a total of 36–42 teeth: these are mostly flattened, almost vestigial in the proximal two-thirds of the finger to become―distally to trichobothrium t ―high with a rounded apex (9–12 teeth) and then with a pointed apex (7–10 teeth), rarely with higher teeth (tritonymph from Sant’Antioco: Isl. La Vacca); all teeth with dental canals; relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis: it 0.17–0.195/ et 0.20–0.225/ est 0.27 –0.305/ ist 0.385–0.41/ ib 0.77–0.82/ esb 0.83–0.90/ eb 0.86–0.92/ t 0.30–0.36/ st 0.585–0.63/ b 0.835–0.87; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.10–1.30; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 1.00–1.06; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.11–1.22. Leg IV: trochanter 1.96–2.11 times as long as deep, femur + patella 3.15–3.54 times as long as deep, tibia 4.45–4.85 times (TS = 0.38–0.46), basitarsus 2.87–3.40 times (TS = 0.12–0.16), telotarsus 4.14–4.57 times as long as deep (TS = 0.34–0.50), ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.75–0.83, subterminal seta furcate, not indented, claws without dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 1.8–2.2. Carapace 0.53–0.63 × 0.43–0.50 anteriorly. Chelicera 0.37–0.43 × 0.21– 0.24; movable finger length 0.21–0.255. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.30–0.34 × 0.16–0.18; femur 0.61–0.66 × 0.155–0.18; patella 0.375–0.45 × 0.185 –0.205; chela with pedicel 1.03–1.19 × 0.29–0.365 (depth 0.30–0.37); hand with pedicel length 0.49–0.56; movable finger length 0.605–0.66. Leg IV: trochanter 0.25–0.285 × 0.125–0.14; femur + patella 0.58–0.655 × 0.18–0.19; tibia 0.44–0.51 × 0.095–0.11; basitarsus 0.23–0.255 × 0.07–0.08; telotarsus 0.275–0.32 × 0.065–0.07.</p><p>Short description of deutonymph. Carapace 1.19–1.20 times as long as broad, with four eyes; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.05 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; anterior and posterior eyes almost contiguous; anterior margin of carapace with obtuse triangular epistome; chaetotaxy 4:6:6:8–10; preocular microsetae absent. Chelicera 1.75–1.87 times as long as broad, palm with 5 setae; fixed finger with 10 teeth; movable finger with 6 teeth distally gs; gs ratio 0.70, spinneret subcircular, largely prominent; rallum with 6 blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the subsequent ones are smooth and of decreasing length. Pedipalp: trochanter 1.75 times as long as broad; femur 3.5 times as long as broad; patella 1.9–2.1 times as long as broad; chela with pedicel 3.28–3.73 times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.56–1.70 times as long as broad; fixed chelal finger homodentate, with 39–43 pointed contiguous teeth; movable chelal finger with a total of 31–34 teeth: these are mostly flattened in the proximal two-thirds of the finger to become―distally to trichobothrium t ―high with a rounded apex (12–13 teeth) and then with a pointed apex (8–9 teeth), rarely with higher teeth (deutonymphs from surroundings of Domusnovas, Osini and Serri); relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis: it 0.235–0.26/ et 0.29–0.30/ est 0.40 –0.41/ ist 0.47–0.49/ ib 0.77–0.80/ eb 0.85–0.86/ t 0.44/ b 0.79– 0.82; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.27–1.31; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 0.91–1.00; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.02–1.07. Leg IV: trochanter 1.9–2.0 times as long as deep, femur + patella 2.90–3.23 times as long as deep, tibia 4.06–4.13 times (TS = 0.35–0.40), basitarsus 2.75–3.30 times (TS = 0.18–0.24), telotarsus 3.91–4.44 times as long as deep (TS = 0.31), ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.76, subterminal seta furcate, not indented; claws without dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 1.4–1.6. Carapace 0.41–0.43 × 0.34–0.36 anteriorly. Chelicera 0.28–0.29 × 0.155– 0.16; movable finger length 0.17–0.18. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.21–0.225 × 0.12–0.13; femur 0.42–0.46 × 0.12–0.13; patella 0.275 –0.285 × 0.13–0.15; chela with pedicel 0.755 –0.765 × 0.205–0.22 (depth 0.205–0.23); hand with pedicel length 0.35–0.36; movable finger length 0.46. Leg IV: trochanter 0.18–0.19 × 0.09–0.10; femur + patella 0.42–0.435 × 0.13–0.15; tibia 0.31–0.325 × 0.075–0.08; basitarsus 0.16–0.165 × 0.05–0.06; telotarsus 0.21–0.215 × 0.045 –0.055.</p><p>Remarks. The original description of Neobisium (Neobisium) incertum was based on specimens of both sexes believed to have been collected at Sorgono (Sardinia) by Krausse-Heldrungen. However, Judson (1997) suggested that the true type locality of the species is Asuni, 20 km south of Sorgono. Although the description of the species was very succinct and accompanied by insufficient figures (Chamberlin 1930, 1931), the peculiar dentition of the movable chelal finger―characterized by low, obsolete teeth in the proximal two-thirds―was clearly described. Chamberlin (1930) considered the species closely related to Neobisium (Neobisium) erythrodactylum (L. Koch, 1873) .</p><p>A subsequent redescription of Neobisium incertum, based on specimens from Sorgono, was carried out by Beier (1948), who provided more detailed characters and the complete illustration of a pedipalp. The author considered the species probably endemic to Sardinia and related to Neobisium (Neobisium) ischyrum (Navás, 1918) and Neobisium (Neobisium) ventalloi Beier, 1939 of the Iberian Peninsula and Neobisium (Neobisium) simoni (L. Koch, 1873) of the Western and Central Europe. In the subsequent key to European pseudoscorpions, Beier (1963) repeated his description of the Sorgono specimens (Beier 1948) with some modifications regarding the morphometric ratios of the pedipalpal femur, hand and chela, along with the addition of the position of the trichobothrium ist and the body length. Beier (1963) considered the species to be close to N. ventalloi and both species were included in the eyed Neobisium group of species sharing the following combination of characters: trichobothrium ist mostly distal to the middle of the fixed finger, pedipalpal femur smooth or at most with scattered tubercles, movable chelal finger with reduced dentition in the proximal two-thirds, distal opening of the pedipalpal patella slightly shorter or as long as its paraxial margin.</p><p>Currently, five western Mediterranean epigean Neobisium species and subspecies belonging to the nominotypical subgenus— Neobisium ischyrum ischyrum (Navás, 1918), N. ischyrum balearicum Beier, 1930, Neobisium maroccanum Beier, 1930, Neobisium ventalloi, Neobisium reductum Mahnert, 1977 and Neobisium hispanicum Zaragoza &amp; Hernandez, 2018 —share the movable chelal finger with reduced dentition (Callaini 1988; Hernández-Corral et al. 2018), allowing N. incertum to be placed in the same species group.</p><p>Neobisium incertum is most likely an endemic species of the Corsican-Sardinian complex. The species is quite common throughout Sardinia, including the small circum-Sardinian islands (Gardini 2008, 2011), where it is primarily found in maquis litter but can also be collected beating maquis shrubs as Pistacia lentiscus L., Cistus sp. and Cytisus laniger DC. Fig. 79 also includes the localities of the small circum-Sardinian islands (Gardini 2008), which are not repeated above in the section on Non-type material examined. The record of N. incertum from Portugal (Vachon 1940) is likely attributable to Neobisium (Neobisium) bernardi franzi Beier, 1955 (see Beier 1955), while those of Neobisium (Neobisium) doderoi (Simon, 1896) from Sardinia reported by Krausse-Heldrungen (1912), Lazzeroni (1969) and Callaini (1983) are all probably referable to N. incertum .</p><p>The above redescription of Neobisium incertum partially includes those of Chamberlin (1930) and Beier (1948, 1963), with the following exceptions: the pedipalpal femur is not shorter than the carapace as stated by Chamberlin (1930); the minimum length/width ratios of the pedipalpal femur and hand is 3.71 × and 1.54 ×, respectively, and not 3.6 × and 1.4 × as described by Beier (1963). A few specimens, including both adults and nymphs, are attributed here to N. incertum, even though they display movable chelal finger with higher, less reduced proximal teeth. These specimens are otherwise morphologically indistinguishable from the rest of the material examined.</p><p>For comparison of Neobisium incertum with Neobisium (Neobisium) gennargentui Callaini, 1983, refer to the Remarks under the latter species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFD0FFDDFF36FD9BFDE21B96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
64292228FFDBFFD9FF36FEFBFCD31C6A.text	64292228FFDBFFD9FF36FEFBFCD31C6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) gennargentui Callaini 1983	<div><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) gennargentui Callaini, 1983 (n. stat.)</p><p>(Figs 16–29, 79)</p><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) bernardi gennargentui Callaini, 1983: 282, figs 1a–g.</p><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) incertum: Gardini 2011: 825 (in part: Monte Sette Fratelli).</p><p>Type locality: Italy, Sardinia, Nuoro Province, Fonni, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.346944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.0825" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.346944/lat 40.0825)">Arcu Correboi</a> (40°04’57”N 9°20’49”E).</p><p>Distribution. Italy (Sardinia).</p><p>Diagnosis (♂ ♀). An epigean small-sized Neobisium from Sardinia that differs from other Mediterranean species of the genus in the following combination of characters: carapace without preocular microsetae and with 7–11 (mostly 8) posterior setae; ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of 12 setae; epistome acute triangular; anterior and posterior eyes bulging and almost contiguous; anterior eyes at a distance of approximately half their diameter from the edge of the carapace; tergites I–IV: 6–9:9–11:10–14:10–14; cheliceral palm with 6 or 7 setae, rallum with 8 (rarely 9) blades; pedipalps smooth; fixed chelal finger homodentate, with 51–57 contiguous teeth, movable chelal finger with 41–50 uniform, broadly rounded teeth; pedipalpal femur 0.645–0.74 mm length (3.40–3.80 ×), patella 0.46–0.54 mm (2.10–2.26 ×), distal opening of the patella wide (X/Y = 1.0–1.03), movable finger 0.60–0.71 mm; pedipalpal hand with oval profile; ratio between movable chelal finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.03–1.24; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 0.98–1.13; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.06–1.11; trichobothrium it at level of et or just proximal et; trichobothrium ist in the middle of the fixed chelal finger, just proximal st and closer to it than to ib.</p><p>Type material examined. ITALY — Sardinia: Nuoro Province: 1♂ holotype, “ Neobisium bernardi gennargentui n. ssp. / ♂ holotypus” “Sardegna 29-4-75 / Arcu Correboi - muschio e prato (Pseudoscorpioni)” (MSNG) .</p><p>Non-type material examined. ITALY — Sardinia: Cagliari Prov.: 1♀ ( Neobisium incertum, G. Gardini det.), Sinnai, Mt Sette Fratelli, 17. V.1991, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg . Sardinia: Nuoro Prov.: 1♂, Fonni, Mt Spada, 1350 m a.s.l., 3.IV.1997, S. Vit leg. ; 2T, Gennargentu, Punta Marcusa, 1250 m a.s.l., 28. V.1974, G. Bartoli leg. sifting under Ilex aquifolium ; 1♀, Jerzu, Genna Su Ludu, 7.III.1989, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. ; 1T, Oliena, Mt Maccione, III.2014, C. Onnis leg. ; 1♀ 1T, Ollolai, 2.XII.2010, L. Fancello leg. ; 2T, Perdasdefogu, 18. VI.1983, C. Torti leg ., Quercus ilex wood; 1♂, Siniscola, Mt Albo, 24. V.1976, G. Bartoli leg .; 1♀, near Ulassai, 850 m a.s.l., 2.XII.1987, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg . Sardinia: Oristano Prov.: 2♂ 1♀, near Cuglieri, 700 m a.s.l., 2.IV.1997, S. Vit leg. , Quercus ilex wood; 4T, Pau, Mt Arci, Parco dell’Ossidiana, 14.IV.2013, C. Onnis leg.</p><p>Description of adults (♂ ♀). Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae yellow-brown, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.0–1.3 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, with four bulging eyes with tapetum (Fig. 16); anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.080 –0.085 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.040 –0.045 mm; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.02–0.03 mm; anterior margin of carapace with acute triangular epistome (0.03 mm length), without apical denticles (Figs 16, 24); chaetotaxy 4:6:6:7–11, posterior row mostly with 8 setae, preocular setae absent. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X (♂ ♀): 6–9:9–11:10–14:10–14:11–15:11– 14:11–13:11–13:10–13:11–13. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♂): 9–12:(2–3)23–30(2–3):(3)12–14(3):14–17:14– 17:16–17:16–17:17–18:14–16, lateral genital sacs tubular, median genital sac pyriform, reaching the base of sternite V, genital atrium with 5+5 setae; genital area as in Fig. 19; chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♀): 6:(2)18(2):(2–3)13– 18(3):15:16:17:16:18:15. Chelicera (Figs 18, 26) 1.78–1.97 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, palm with 6 or 7 setae; fixed finger with 10–15 teeth, gradually smaller distally; movable finger with 8–12 teeth, the largest just distad gs; gs ratio 0.59–0.64, spinneret subcircular, largely prominent in female, more reduced in male; rallum with 8 (rarely 9) blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 20–24 and 25–26 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 4 (rarely 3) setae. Coxal setae (♂ ♀): pedipalp 7–8, I 6, II 6–8, III 7–8, IV 11–12; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes (Figs 17, 25). Pedipalp (Figs 20–22, 27–29): trochanter 1.81–1.88 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, with a prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 3.62–3.80 (♂) or 3.40–3.70 (♀) times as long as broad, weakly enlarged distally; patella 2.15–2.26 (♂) or 2.10–2.24 (♀) times as long as broad, ratio X/Y = 1.00–103 (♂ ♀); chela with pedicel 3.09–3.33 (♂) or 2.94–3.33 (♀) times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.64–1.70 (♂) or 1.50–1.66 (♀) times as long as broad, with oval profile and its greatest width just before the middle; fingers just curved in dorsal view (Figs 21, 28); fixed chelal finger homodentate (Figs 22, 29), with 51–57 (♂ ♀) contiguous teeth, mostly pointed in the distal half of the finger, rounded in the proximal half; nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with 41–50 (♂ ♀) uniform, broadly rounded teeth (Figs 22, 29); all teeth with dental canals; trichobothria as in figs 21–22, 28–29, relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis (♂ ♀): it 0.24–0.28/ et 0.25–0.265/ est 0.29 –0.34/ ist 0.49–0.52/ isb 0.75–0.78/ ib 0.78–0.81/ esb 0.87–0.90/ eb 0.89–0.91/ t 0.37– 0.39/ st 0.465–0.50/ sb 0.67–0.70/ b 0.85–0.86; trichobothrium it at level of et or just proximal et; trichobothrium ist just proximal st (rarely at level of st), in the middle of the fixed chelal finger and closer to it than to ib; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.03–1.24 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 0.98–1.13 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.06–1.11 (♂ ♀). Leg IV (Fig. 23): trochanter 1.89–2.23 (♂ ♀) times as long as deep, femur + patella 2.93–3.28 (♂ ♀) times as long as deep, tibia 4.86–5.19 (♂ ♀) times (TS = 0.39–0.41), basitarsus 2.72–3.33 (♂ ♀) times (TS = 0.17–0.21), telotarsus 4.00–4.71 (♂ ♀) times as long as deep (TS = 0.32–0.38), ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.72–0.77 (♂ ♀), subterminal seta furcate, rarely indented (Fig. 23), claws without dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 2.0–2.2 (♂) or 2.2–2.5 (♀). Carapace 0.595–0.64 × 0.50–0.59 anteriorly (♂) or 0.64–0.66 × 0.52–0.56 anteriorly (♀). Chelicera 0.41–0.42 × 0.21–0.23 (♂) or 0.455–0.47 × 0.25–0.26 (♀); movable finger length 0.265 –0.275 (♂) or 0.29–0.30 (♀). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.35–0.36 × 0.19–0.195 (♂) or 0.36–0.385 × 0.195 –0.205 (♀); femur 0.645–0.68 × 0.17–0.185 (♂) or 0.68–0.74 × 0.19–0.205 (♀); patella 0.46–0.52 × 0.21–0.24 (♂) or 0.505–0.54 × 0.225 –0.255 (♀); chela with pedicel 1.04–1.15 × 0.30–0.36 (depth 0.30–0.36) (♂) or 1.16–1.26 × 0.355 –0.415 (depth 0.36–0.415) (♀); hand with pedicel length 0.50–0.58 (♂) or 0.57–0.64 (♀); movable finger length 0.60–0.67 (♂) or 0.67–0.71 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 0.29–0.315 × 0.13–0.155 (♂ ♀); femur + patella 0.65– 0.69 × 0.21–0.235 (♂) or 0.69–0.71 × 0.21–0.24 (♀); tibia 0.54–0.56 × 0.105 –0.115 (♂ ♀); basitarsus 0.24–0.25 × 0.075–0.09 (♂ ♀); telotarsus 0.31–0.34 × 0.07–0.085 (♂ ♀).</p><p>Description of tritonymph. Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae brown pale, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.15–1.3 times as long as broad, with four eyes; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.06 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.025 mm; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.015 mm; anterior margin of carapace with acute triangular epistome (0.015 mm length), rarely with apical denticles; chaetotaxy 4:6:6:6–7; preocular microsetae absent. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X: 6–11:11:12:11–13:11–14:11–12:10– 13:12:13:10. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X: 2:(2) 5–7 (2):(2)9–10(2): 13:13–14:13:12–14:13–14:11. Chelicera 1.68– 1.71 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae; fixed finger with 7–10 teeth, gradually smaller distally; movable finger with 6–9 teeth, the largest just distad gs; gs ratio 0.58–0.60, spinneret subcircular, largely prominent; rallum with 7 blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 22 and 24 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 3 or 4 setae. Coxal setae: pedipalp 7, I 6, II 6, III 6, IV 7; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes. Pedipalp: trochanter 1.76–1.89 times as long as broad, with a prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 3.22–3.35 times as long as broad; patella 2.0–2.05 times as long as broad; chela with pedicel 3.05–3.17 times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.55–1.57 times as long as broad; fixed chelal finger homodentate, with 43–45 pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with 38–41 teeth: all teeth with dental canals; relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis: it 0.30–0.315/ et 0.305 –0.325 / est 0.40 / ist 0.54–0.55/ ib 0.80–0.82/ esb 0.845–0.86/ eb 0.88–0.90/ t 0.44–0.45/ st 0.615–0.63/ b 0.85–0.86; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.11–1.19; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 1.00–1.04; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 0.96–1.02. Leg IV: trochanter 1.75–1.83 times as long as deep, femur + patella 2.65–2.82 times as long as deep, tibia 4.23–4.27 times (TS = 0.45–0.46), basitarsus 2.38–2.57 times (TS = 0.175–0.20), telotarsus 3.54–3.83 times as long as deep (TS = 0.32–0.36), ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.67–0.78, subterminal seta furcate, not indented. claws without dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 1.6–1.9. Carapace 0.46–0.52 × 0.40 anteriorly. Chelicera 0.32–0.335 × 0.19–0.195; movable finger length 0.21–0.215. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.265 × 0.14–0.15; femur 0.47–0.50 × 0.14–0.155; patella 0.33–0.37 × 0.165–0.18; chela with pedicel 0.81–0.84 × 0.255 –0.275 (depth 0.26–0.275); hand with pedicel length 0.395–0.43; movable finger length 0.47–0.48. Leg IV: trochanter 0.21–0.22 × 0.12; femur + patella 0.48–0.49 × 0.17–0.18; tibia 0.36–0.385 × 0.085–0.09; basitarsus 0.155–0.18 × 0.065–0.07; telotarsus 0.23 × 0.06–0.065.</p><p>Remarks. The Neobisium bernardi group includes Neobisium (Neobisium) bernardi bernardi Vachon, 1937, Neobisium (Neobisium) bernardi franzi Beier, 1955 and Neobisium (Neobisium) geronense Beier 1939, all sharing the small or medium-size, developed eyes, squat and smooth pedipalps, distal opening of pedipalpal patella slightly shorter or as long as its paraxial margin, trichobothrium ist in a proximal position, about halfway along the fixed chelal finger, and movable chelal finger with developed teeth also in its proximal half.</p><p>Neobisium bernardi —described by Vachon (1937) on three males and one female collected near a snowfield at 2450 m a.s.l., above the lake Aumar (Saint-Lary-Soulan, Hautes-Pyrénées, France)—is distributed across the central-western Pyrenees and northern Portugal (Zaragoza &amp; Galán 2007). Neobisium bernardi franzi, originally described as Neobisium franzi by Beier (1955) on specimens of both sexes from Asturias (northern Spain), is known throughout the northern Iberian Peninsula (Zaragoza &amp; Galán 2007), while Neobisium geronense, described as Neobisium bernardi geronense by Beier (1939) on a male from a cave near Girona (North-East Catalan Pyrenees), is restricted to the eastern Pyrenees, both on the French and Spanish side, where it occurs in epigean habitats similar to the other species (Zaragoza et al. 2007, Zaragoza &amp; Galán 2007).</p><p>Mahnert (1986) redescribed Neobisium bernardi based on specimens from Spanish Pyrenean populations collected near the type locality, while Dimitrijevic (1999, 2000) described the postembryonic development of this species in populations from the surroundings of Moulis (Ariège, France). Both authors emphasised the presence of increased prosomatic neochaetotaxy in both adults and nymphal stages, a character absent in N. geronense, redescribed by Zaragoza et al. (2007). The taxonomic status of the subspecies of N. bernardi remains to be defined (Mahert 1986) and overall taxonomic knowledge of the entire group is poor and in need of careful revision (Zaragoza et al. 2007).</p><p>Callaini (1983) described Neobisium (Neobisium) bernardi gennargentui on a single male specimen collected on the Gennargentu massif (Sardinia) at the Correboi Pass (about 1200 m a.s.l.), attributing it as a subspecies of N. bernardi solely based on Vachon’s (1937) original description of the latter species.</p><p>According to Callaini (1983), the characters that would allow the description of Neobisium bernardi gennargentui include the shape of the pedipalpal trochanter (with a rather prominent tubercle in N. bernardi gennargentui vs. a scarcely salient one in N. bernardi bernardi) and the pedipalpal femur (3.71 times as long as broad vs. 3.40 ×, though Vachon (1937) reported lengths of both 0.70 and 0.78 mm for the nominal subspecies!), the ratio of the (movable?) chelal finger to the pedipalpal femur (0.89 × vs. 1.03 or 0.92! ×), the distance of the anterior eyes from the anterior margin of the carapace (half the ocular diameter vs. about the ocular diameter), the number of setae at the posterior margin of carapace (8 vs. 10), the position of the trichobothria est relative to t (est at the level of t vs. est just distal to t) and of ist relative to sb (ist at level of sb vs. ist proximal st). Examination of the holotype of N. bernardi gennargentui allows us to rectify the position of the trichobothria est and ist, which are just distal to t and proximal to st, respectively, as in N. bernardi bernardi . Most of the other differential characters used are of limited value as they are based either on measurement errors (e.g., pedipalpal femur in N. bernardi bernardi) or on a lack of knowledge of morphological variability. Regarding the description of the carapacal chaetotaxy in N. bernardi, Vachon (1937) stated only “parsemé de poils fins”, while the presence of 10 setae along the posterior margin of the carapace was subsequently reported by Heurtault (1969) and repeated by Callaini (1983). The presence of an increased prosomatic neochaetotaxy in N. bernardi bernardi is only known thanks to Mahnert (1986) and Dimitrijevic (1999, 2000), and this is the only morphological character that allows to easily distinguish N. bernardi bernardi from N. bernardi gennargentui and also from N. geronense .</p><p>The distinct carapacal chaetotaxy between Neobisium bernardi bernardi and N. bernardi gennargentui supports the elevation of the latter to species status. Consequently, Neobisium (Neobisium) gennargentui Callaini, 1983 (n. stat.) is herein proposed.</p><p>Neobisium gennargentui is very similar to Neobisium geronense from the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-0.685&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.645" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -0.685/lat 0.645)">Eastern Pyrenees</a> but, following the redescription of the latter by Zaragoza et al. (2007), can be distinguished based on morphometric differences, including: pedipalpal femur length 0.645 –0.685 mm (♂) or 0.68–0.74 mm (♀) in N. gennargentui, 0.56–0.64 mm (♂) or 0.57–0.64 mm (♀) in N. geronense; pedipalpal patella length 0.46–0.52 mm (♂) or 0.505–0.54 mm (♀) vs. 0.44–0.48 mm (♂) or 0.41–0.47 mm (♀); movable chelal finger length 0.60–0.67 mm (♂) or 0.67–0.71 mm (♀) vs. 0.54–0.60 mm (♂ ♀); ratio between the distances of the trichobothria sb–st and b–sb 1.07–1.18 × vs. 1.32–1.62 ×; in addition, the manducatory process has 4 (rarely 3) setae in N. gennargentui, 3 in N. geronense .</p><p>Among the epigean Neobisium species from Corsica and Sardinia, Neobisium gennargentui is related to Neobisium incertum . The two species differ in the dentition pattern of the movable chelal finger (movable chelal finger with developed teeth also in its proximal half in N. gennargentui, mostly with flattened, almost vestigial teeth in its proximal two-thirds in N. incertum), in the position of the trichobothria ist and t [relative position of trichobothrium ist along chelal axis 0.49–0.50 (♂ ♀) vs. 0.33–0.38 (♂ ♀); relative position of trichobothrium t along chelal axis 0.37–0.39 (♂ ♀) vs. 0.23–0.27 (♂ ♀)] and in its smaller size (pedipalpal femur length 0.645–0.74 mm (♂ ♀) vs. 0.78–1.15 mm (♂ ♀), pedipalpal patella length 0.46–0.54 mm (♂ ♀) vs. 0.53–0.75 mm (♂ ♀), pedipalpal chela length 1.04–1.26 mm (♂ ♀) vs. 1.33–1.80 mm (♂ ♀), movable chelal finger length 0.60–0.71 mm (♂ ♀) vs. 0.755–1.01 mm (♂ ♀).</p><p>Neobisium gennargentui is currently known only from Sardinia, where it is mainly distributed in the centraleastern part of the island at medium-high altitudes (Fig. 79).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFDBFFD9FF36FEFBFCD31C6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
64292228FFDCFFC5FF36FF4AFA8F1E72.text	64292228FFDCFFC5FF36FF4AFA8F1E72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) knoflachae Gardini & Gardini 2025	<div><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) knoflachae n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 30–36, 78)</p><p>Type locality: France, Corsica, Haute-Corse, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.837639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.420834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.837639/lat 42.420834)">Calvi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.837639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.420834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.837639/lat 42.420834)">Forêt de Bonifatu</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.837639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.420834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.837639/lat 42.420834)">Bocca di Erbaghiolu</a> (42°25’15.0”N 8°50’15.5”E).</p><p>Distribution. France: Corsica.</p><p>Diagnosis (♂ ♀). An epigean large-sized Neobisium from Corsica that differs from other Mediterranean species of the genus in the following combination of characters: carapace with 2–4 preocular and 11–14 setae on posterior margin; ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of 12 setae; epistome obtuse triangular; both eyes with convex lens and tapetum, anterior eyes at a distance approximately equal to their diameter from the edge of the carapace; tergites I–IV: 8–12:11–13:10–13:10–11; cheliceral palm with 7 setae, rallum with 8 (rarely 9) blades; fixed chelal finger irregularly heterodentate, with contiguous teeth; fixed and movable chelal fingers with 106–118 and 87–101 teeth, respectively; movable chelal finger with evident dentition along its entire length; pedipalpal femur 1.70–2.00 mm length (5.26–5.51 ×), patella 1.20–1.42 mm (3.24–3.43 ×), with narrow distal patella opening (X/Y = 0.52-0.60); chelal hand with very slightly raised sub-hemispheric granules giving the surface an “orange peel” appearance; pedipalpal hand with an oval profile and its maximum width just before the middle, both sides equally convex (dorsal view); movable chelal finger 1.94–2.21 mm; ratio between movable chelal finger and chelal hand with pedicel lengths 1.45–1.55; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 0.87–0.90; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.56–1.63; trichobothrium ist distal st, closer to the finger tip than to isb.</p><p>Type material. FRANCE — Corsica: municipality of Calvi: 1♀ (holotype), “Th-408 [Co-01/7]: 2.5.2001 / Corse: Calvi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.837639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.420834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.837639/lat 42.420834)">Forêt de Bonifatu</a> / uhb. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.837639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.420834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.837639/lat 42.420834)">Bocca di Erbaghiolu</a> c. 1150m / Kiefernwald, unter Blockwerk / leg. B. Knoflach &amp; K. Thaler / Neobisium 2”, (42°25’15.0”N 8°50’15.5”E) (MHNG); Paratypes: 1♀, same data as for holotype (coll. G. Gardini, Genoa); 1♂ 1♀, “Th-415 [Co-01/13] / Calvi 11.9.01 / V. Fango, Bardiana / 244m; B. &amp; K. Thaler ” (42°21’51.2”N 8°47’07.0”E) (MHNG) .</p><p>Derivatio nominis. Dedicated to the arachnologist Barbara Thaler-Knoflach (Innsbruck), who collected these specimens, generously donated to G. Gardini together with the Pseudoscorpions collected during the excursions she made, with Konrad Thaler, in the Mediterranean-Macaronesian area during the years 1985 to 2004 (Knoflach 2009); this material is now stored in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Geneva.</p><p>Description of adults (♂ ♀). Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae fawn brown, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth, except for the chelal hand, which has very slightly raised subcircular granules that give the surface an ‘orange peel’ appearance; pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.43 (♂) or 1.30–1.38 (♀) times as long as broad (width measured anteriorly), with four eyes (Fig. 30) with tapetum; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.11–0.15 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced (diameter 0.09–0.11); distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.10–0.12 mm; anterior eyes are at a distance approximately equal to their diameter from the edge of the carapace; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.03–0.04 mm; anterior margin of carapace with obtuse triangular epistome (Fig. 30) apically rounded (0.030 –0.035 mm length), with few apical denticles; chaetotaxy 4:6:6:11–14, plus 2–4 pre- or subocular setae on each side. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X (♂ ♀): 8–12:11–13:10–13:10–11:11–12:10–12:10–12:10–13:10–12:6–8. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♂): 20:(3) 45(3):(3)20(3):22:21:20:20:17:17, median genital sac and setae of genital atrium not seen; chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♀): 6–8:(3)22–24(3):(3)16–18(3):16–18:16–19:16–17:16:18:10. Chelicera (Fig. 32) 1.87–2.05 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, palm with 7 setae; fixed finger with 10–15 teeth, the 7–10 proximal spaced, the 5–7 distal small and contiguous; movable finger with about 12 teeth, of which a large one just distal gs; gs ratio 0.68–0.70, spinneret subcircular, slightly prominent in female, more reduced in male; rallum with 8 (rarely 9) blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with about 35 and 40 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 5 setae. Coxal setae (♂ ♀): pedipalp 13–14, I 11–12, II 12–13, III 12, IV 14–17; anterolateral process of coxa I (Fig. 31) strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process slightly prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes. Pedipalp (Figs 33, 35–36): trochanter 2.35 (♂) or 2.43–2.55 (♀) times as long as broad, with a slightly prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 5.51 (♂) or 5.26–5.48 (♀) times as long as broad; patella 3.41 (♂) or 3.24–3.43 (♀) times as long as broad, ratio X/Y = 0.52–0.60 (♂ ♀), with 8–9 sensilla on the dorsal face of pedicel; chela with pedicel 4.25 (♂) or 3.82–4.46 (♀) times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.74 (♂) or 1.65–1.88 (♀) times as long as broad, with oval profile and its maximum width just before the middle, both sides equally convex (dorsal view); fingers curved in dorsal view, almost straight in antiaxial view (Figs 35–36); fixed chelal finger heterodentate (Fig. 36), with 106–118 (♂ ♀) pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with 87–101 teeth (♂ ♀), these are low, not sharp, and progressively lower towards the proximal part of the finger; all teeth with dental canals; trichobothria as in figs 35–36, relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis (♂ ♀): it 0.07–0.09/ et 0.08–0.11/ est 0.12 –0.16/ ist 0.19–0.225/ isb 0.83–0.855/ ib 0.87–0.93/ esb 0.935–0.95/ eb 0.95–0.96/ t 0.12–0.15/ st 0.24–0.28/ sb 0.66–0.72/ b 0.88–0.89; trichobothrium est at level of t; trichobothrium ist distal st, closer to the finger tip than to isb; trichobothrium isb just distal ib; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.55 (♂) or 1.45–1.53 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 0.89 (♂) or 0.87–0.90 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.58 (♂) or 1.56–1.63 (♀). Leg IV (Fig. 34): trochanter 2.75 (♂) or 2.37–2.71 (♀) times as long as deep, femur + patella 3.85 (♂) or 4.25–4.42 (♀) times as long as deep, tibia 8.45 (♂) or 8.00–8.64 (♀) times [TS = 0.41–0.44 (♂ ♀)], basitarsus 5.15 (♂) or 5.55–5.68 (♀) times [TS = 0.12–0.15 (♂ ♀)], telotarsus 7.66 (♂) or 7.30–7.50 (♀) times as long as deep [TS = 0.48–0.57 (♂ ♀)], ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.97 (♂) or 0.88–1.0 (♀), subterminal seta furcate with little indentations (Fig. 34), claws apparently without dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 3.7–4.4 (♀) (male with contracted opisthosoma). Carapace 1.15 × 0.80 anteriorly (♂) or 1.04–1.28 × 0.75–0.95 anteriorly (♀). Chelicera 0.77 × 0.375 (♂) or 0.755–0.88 × 0.385–0.47 (♀); movable finger length 0.505 (♂) or 0.495–0.57 (♀). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.80 × 0.34 (♂) or 0.78–0.97 × 0.32–0.38 (♀); femur 1.82 × 0.33 (♂) or 1.70–2.00 × 0.31–0.38 (♀); patella 1.33 × 0.39 (♂) or 1.20–1.42 × 0.35–0.44 (♀); chela with pedicel 3.19 × 0.75 (depth 0.685) (♂) or 3.01–3.52 × 0.673 –0.920 (depth 0.645–0.85) (♀); hand with pedicel length 1.31 (♂) or 1.27–1.52 (♀); movable finger length 2.04 (♂) or 1.94–2.21 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 0.66 × 0.24 (♂) or 0.57–0.66 × 0.24–0.275 (♀); femur + patella 1.52 × 0.395 (♂) or 1.49–1.70 × 0.33–0.40 (♀); tibia 1.31 × 0.155 (♂) or 1.24–1.47 × 0.155–0.17 (♀); basitarsus 0.67 × 0.13 (♂) or 0.625–0.75 × 0.11–0.135 (♀); telotarsus 0.69 × 0.09 (♂) or 0.71–0.75 × 0.095–0.10 (♀).</p><p>Remarks. Among the species of Neobisium of the Corsican-Sardinian complex showing a heterodentate fixed chelal finger and anterior eyes at a distance equal to their diameter from the carapace margin, Neobisium (Neobisium) knoflachae n. sp. is morphologically similar to Neobisium (Neobisium) settei Callaini, 1982, an epigean species described from Lac de Melo (central Corsica). It differs from N. settei mainly in the following characters: carapace with 2–4 preocular setae on each side (1 seta on each side in N. settei), pedipalpal femur 1.70–2.00 mm length (1.11–1.20 mm in N. settei), patella 1.20–1.42 mm length (0.85–0.90 mm in N. settei), movable chelal finger 1.94– 2.21 mm length (1.26–1.32 mm in N. settei), fixed and movable chelal fingers with 106–118 and 87–101 teeth, respectively (75–83 and 64–67 teeth, respectively, in N. settei), ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.56–1.63 (1.24–1.40 in N. settei), relative position of trichobothrium ist 0.19–0.225 (0.305–0.34 in N. settei).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFDCFFC5FF36FF4AFA8F1E72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
64292228FFC3FFC7FF36FA5FFEEF1C9B.text	64292228FFC3FFC7FF36FA5FFEEF1C9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) major Callaini 1982	<div><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) major Callaini, 1982 (n. stat.)</p><p>(Figs 37–43, 78)</p><p>Neobisium (N.) mahnerti major Callaini, 1982: 449, figs 1a–e, 2a–b.</p><p>Type locality: France, Corsica, Corte, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.023334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.211945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.023334/lat 42.211945)">Lac de Melo</a> (42°12’43”N 9°01’24”E).</p><p>Distribution. France (Corsica).</p><p>Diagnosis (♂ ♀). An epigean medium-sized Neobisium from Corsica that differs from other Mediterranean species of the genus in the following combination of characters: carapace with 2 preocular setae on each side, 23–24 setae on ocular and median rows and 13–17 setae on posterior margin; epistome acute triangular, with apical denticles; both eyes with convex lens and tapetum, anterior eyes at a distance of approximately half their diameter from the edge of the carapace; chaetotaxy of tergites I–IV: 12–15:14–16:17:17–20; cheliceral palm with (6) 7 setae, rallum with 7 or 8 blades; pedipalpal femur smooth, 0.675–0.75 mm length (3.55–3.57 ×); patella smooth, short and slightly elongate, 1.15–1.26 mm length (2.16–2.23 ×), ratio X/Y = 1.07–1.16; chelal hand with very slightly raised sub-hemispheric granules giving the surface an “orange peel” appearance; fixed chelal finger homodentate, with contiguous teeth; fixed and movable chelal fingers with 38–52 and 38–42 teeth, respectively; movable chelal finger 0.615 –0.650 mm length, with clearly evident dentition along its entire length; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.0; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 1.09–1.15; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.05–1.07; trichobothrium it at the same level as et, trichobothrium ist just over half of the fixed chelal finger; trichobothrium st closer to t than to sb, trichobothrium sb closer to b than to st.</p><p>Type material examined. FRANCE — Corsica: municipality of Corte: 1♂ holotype, “ Neobisium mahnerti Heurtault major n. ssp. / ♂ holotypus” “Corsica – Lago di Mela / m 1700– 1800 7.VIII.[19]78 / leg. Sette ” (MSNV) .</p><p>Non-type material examined. FRANCE — Corsica: municipality of Bastelica: 1♀, Val d’Ese, about 1600 m a.s.l., 8.IX.1998, M. Daccordi leg.</p><p>Description of adults (♂ ♀). Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae yellow-brown, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, except for the chelal hand, which has, chiefly in female, very slightly raised sub-hemispheric granules that give the surface an “orange peel” appearance; pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.34 (♂) or 1.30 (♀) times as long as broad, with four bulging eyes with tapetum (Fig. 37); anterior eyes with convex lens [diameter 0.075 (♂) or 0.06 (♀) mm], the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.04 (♂) or 0.03 (♀) mm; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.026 (♂) or 0.024 (♀) mm; anterior margin of carapace with acute triangular epistome [0.033 (♂) or 0.026 (♀) mm length], with apical denticles (Fig. 37); chaetotaxy mm 4m?:23:13 (♂) or mm 4mm:24:17 (♀). Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X: 12:16:17:17:17:17:15:16:18:16 (♂), 15:14:17:20:20:20:23:21:20:16 (♀). Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X: 8:(3)26(3):(3)14(3):22:20:20:20:18:16 (♂), 8:(4)17(4):(4)14(4):24:25:24:28:22:23 (♀); male with lateral genital sacs tubular, median genital sac not seen, genital atrium with 6+6 or 7 setae. Chelicera (Fig. 39) 1.83 (♂) or 1.76 (♀) times as long as broad, palm with 7 setae (6 setae in the right chelicera of the male); fixed finger with 13–14 teeth; movable finger with 12–13 teeth, the largest just at level of gs; gs ratio 0.62 (♂) or 0.55 (♀), spinneret subcircular in both sexes, rallum with 7 (♂) or 8 (♀) blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 21–23 and 20–25 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 4 (♂) or 3 (♀) setae. Coxal setae: pedipalp 12 and 14, I 11, II 9 and 10, III 7 and 9, IV 15 and 16 (♂), pedipalp 10, I 8 and 9, II 8, III 8 and 9, IV 13 and 15 (♀); anterolateral process of coxa I prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes (Fig. 38). Pedipalp (Figs 40–42): trochanter 2.05 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, with a prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 3.57 (♂) or 3.55 (♀) times as long as broad, with evident pedicel; patella 2.23 (♂) or 2.16 (♀) times as long as broad, ratio X/Y = 1.07 (♂) or 1.16 (♀); chela with pedicel 3.31 (♂) or 3.19 (♀) times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.71 (♂) or 1.69 (♀) times as long as broad, with oval profile and its greatest width in the proximal third; fixed chelal finger stubby and slightly curved in dorsal view (Fig. 41); fixed chelal finger homodentate (Fig. 42), with 52 (♂) or 38 (♀) contiguous teeth, mostly apically rounded; nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with 42 (♂) or 38 (♀) uniform teeth, lower and flatter than those of the fixed finger (Fig. 42); all teeth with dental canals; trichobothria as in figs 41–42, relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis: it 0.24/ et 0.25/ est 0.29 / ist 0.41/ isb 0.75/ ib 0.79/ esb 0.87/ eb 0.88/ t 0.34/ st 0.44/ sb 0.66/ b 0.83 (♂), it 0.25/ et 0.26/ est 0.32 / ist 0.445/ isb 0.745/ ib 0.78/ esb 0.87/ eb 0.89/ t 0.35/ st 0.45/ sb 0.67/ b 0.83 (♀); trichobothrium it at level of et; trichobothrium ist just proximal st, just over half of the fixed chelal finger and closer to it than to ib; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.0 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 1.15 (♂) or 1.09 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.07 (♂) or 1.05 (♀). Leg IV (Fig. 43): trochanter 1.86 (♂) or 2.30 (♀) times as long as deep, femur + patella 3.22 (♂) or 3.39 (♀) times as long as deep, tibia 5.18 (♂) or 5.42 (♀) times [TS = 0.46 (♂) or 0.40 (♀)], basitarsus 3.25 (♂) or 3.06 (♀) times [TS = 0.21(♂) or 0.16 (♀)], telotarsus 4.25 (♂) or 4.28 (♀) times as long as deep [TS = 0.43 (♂) or 0.39 (♀)], ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.76 (♂ ♀), subterminal seta furcate and indented (Fig. 43), claws with dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 2.3 (♂) or 2.9 (♀). Carapace 0.670 × 0.52 anteriorly (♂) or 0.64 × 0.49 anteriorly (♀). Chelicera 0.43 × 0.235 (♂) or 0.415 × 0.235 (♀); movable finger length 0.29 (♂) or 0.28 (♀). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.41 × 0.20 (♂) or 0.39 × 0.19 (♀); femur 0.75 × 0.21 (♂) or 0.675 × 0.19 (♀); patella 0.58 × 0.26 (♂) or 0.53 × 0.245 (♀); chela with pedicel 1.26 × 0.38 (♂) or 1.15 × 0.36 (♀); hand with pedicel length 0.65 (♂) or 0.61 (♀); movable finger length 0.65 (♂) or 0.615 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 0.26 × 0.14 (♂) or 0.30 × 0.13 (♀); femur + patella 0.71 × 0.22 (♂) or 0.645 × 0.19 (♀); tibia 0.57 × 0.11 (♂) or 0.515 × 0.095 (♀); basitarsus 0.26 × 0.08 (♂) or 0.23 × 0.075 (♀); telotarsus 0.34 × 0.08 (♂) or 0.30 × 0.07 (♀).</p><p>Remarks. Neobisium mahnerti was described by Heurtault (1980) on a male collected in the Escreins Valley (Hautes-Alpes, France) and is, to date, known only from the holotype (WPC 2024). The relationships of this species remain uncertain but are likely to be found within the group of Neobisium species with heterodont dentition of the fixed chelal finger and coxae I with digitiform median process (Heurtault 1980).</p><p>Callaini (1982) described Neobisium (Neobisium) mahnerti major based on a single male specimen collected near the Lac de Melo (Corte, northern Corsica), emphasising that it shares with the nominotypical subspecies the increased cephalothoracic chaetotaxy and the same arrangement of trichobothria, but, at the same time, it differs from it in having larger dimensions and some different morphomeric ratios of the pedipalps: femur 0.753 mm length (3.58 ×) in N. mahnerti major vs. 0.525 mm length (3.83 ×) in Neobisium mahnerti mahnerti, patella 0.586 mm (2.23 ×) vs. 0.425 mm (2.43 ×), chela 1.260 mm vs. 0.825 mm, chelal hand 0.648 mm (1.68 ×) vs. 0.475 mm (1.90 ×), chelal finger 0.656 mm vs. 0.475 mm. No mention is made of the different dentition of the fixed chelal finger (Callaini 1982): heterodentate in N. m. mahnerti, homodentate in N. m. major .</p><p>The different fixed chelal finger dentition between Neobisium mahnerti mahnerti and N. mahnerti major allows the latter to be elevated to species status, so Neobisium (Neobisium) major Callaini, 1982 (n. stat.) is consequently proposed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFC3FFC7FF36FA5FFEEF1C9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
64292228FFC6FFC2FF36FF4AFF001F1A.text	64292228FFC6FFC2FF36FF4AFF001F1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) settei Callaini 1982	<div><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) settei Callaini, 1982</p><p>(Figs 44–46, 78)</p><p>Neobisium (N.) settei Callaini, 1982: 452, figs 2c–e, 3a–d.</p><p>Type locality: France, Corsica, Corte, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.023334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.211945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.023334/lat 42.211945)">Lac de Melo</a> (42°12’43”N 9°01’24”E) .</p><p>Distribution. France (Corsica).</p><p>Diagnosis (♂ ♀). An epigean medium-large sized Neobisium from Corsica that differs from other Mediterranean species of the genus in the following combination of characters: carapace with one preocular seta on each side and 8–10 setae on posterior margin; ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of 12 setae; epistome acute triangular; both eyes with convex lens and tapetum; anterior and posterior eyes almost contiguous; anterior eyes at a distance approximately equal to their diameter from the edge of the carapace; tergites I–IV: 8–9:9–12:10–12:12– 13; cheliceral palm with 7 setae, rallum with 8 blades; pedipalps smooth; fixed chelal finger heterodentate, with contiguous, pointed teeth; fixed and movable chelal fingers with 75–83 and 64–67 teeth, respectively; movable chelal finger with clearly evident dentition along its entire length, with teeth lower towards the proximal part of the finger; pedipalpal femur 1.11–1.20 mm length (4.87–5.21 ×), patella 0.85–0.90 mm (3.21–3.40 ×), with narrow distal patella opening (X/Y = 0.56–0.63), movable finger 1.26–1.32 mm; pedipalpal hand with oval profile; ratio between movable chelal finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.33–1.46; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 0.86–0.91; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.24–1.40; trichobothrium est distal t; trichobothrium ist at level of st, closer to the finger tip than to isb; trichobothrium isb distal ib.</p><p>Type material examined. FRANCE — Corsica: municipality of Corte: 1♂ 2♀ paratypes, “ Neobisium (N.) settei n. sp. ” “Lago di Mela – Corsica m 1700–1800 / 7.VIII.1978, leg. Sette ” (MSNV) .</p><p>Non-type material examined. None.</p><p>Description of adults (♂ ♀). Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae red-brown, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.4–1.5 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad (width measured anteriorly), with four eyes with tapetum; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.085 – 0.090 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.09–0.10 mm, anterior eyes are at a distance approximately equal to their diameter from the edge of the carapace; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.02–0.03 mm; anterior margin of carapace with acute triangular epistome (0.025 –0.035 mm length); chaetotaxy m 4m:6:6:8–10; preocular setae always present. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X (♂ ♀): 8–9:9– 12:10–12:12–13:13–14:14:14–15:13–17:10–14:12–14. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♂): 12–13:(4)26(4):(4)14– 16(4):17–18:17–18:18–20:17–20:18:14, median genital sac pyriform, genital atrium with 5+6 setae; chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♀): 8:(3)23–24(3):(2–3)15(3):17–19:17–19:20:18:18:14–16. Chelicera 1.87–1.98 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, palm with 7 (rarely 8) setae; fixed finger with about 11 teeth, gradually smaller distally; movable finger with few larger teeth at level of gs; gs ratio 0.70, spinneret subcircular, slightly prominent in female, more reduced in male; rallum with 8 blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 26–27 and 28–30 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 5 setae. Coxal setae (♂ ♀): pedipalp 12–14, I 11–13, II 8–14, III 8–9, IV 15–18; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes. Pedipalp (Figs 44–46): trochanter 2.39–2.51 (♂) or 2.41–2.43 (♀) times as long as broad, with a slightly prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 5.16–5.21 (♂) or 4.87–5.0 (♀) times as long as broad; patella 3.21–3.40 (♂) or 3.30–3.33 (♀) times as long as broad, ratio X/Y = 0.56–0.63 (♂ ♀); chela with pedicel 4.76–4.97 (♂) or 4.44–4.69 (♀) times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 2.04–2.17 (♂) or 2.03–2.06 (♀) times as long as broad, with oval profile and its greatest width in the proximal third, the paraxial side (in dorsal view) is less convex than the antiaxial side; fingers curved in dorsal view (Fig. 45); fixed chelal finger heterodentate (Fig. 46), with 75–83 (♂ ♀) pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with a total of 64–67 teeth (♂ ♀), these are progressively lower towards the proximal part of the finger; all teeth with dental canals; trichobothria as in figs 45–46, relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis (♂ ♀): it 0.135–0.15/ et 0.15–0.18/ est 0.20 –0.24/ ist 0.305–0.34/ isb 0.83/ ib 0.85–0.86/ esb 0.90–0.93/ eb 0.93–0.945/ t 0.21–0.26/ st 0.31–0.36/ sb 0.66–0.72/ b 0.79–0.88; trichobothrium est distal t; trichobothrium ist at level of st, closer to the finger tip than to isb; trichobothrium isb distal ib; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.38–1.46 (♂) or 1.33–1.44 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 0.86–0.91 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.25–1.40 (♂) or 1.24–1.26 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 2.47–2.71 (♂ ♀) times as long as deep, femur + patella 4.10–4.26 (♂) or 4.11–4.51 (♀) times as long as deep, tibia 7.09–7.23 (♂) or 6.47–6.54 (♀) times [TS = 0.36–0.41 (♂ ♀)], basitarsus 4.10–4.22 (♂) or 3.74–3.81 (♀) times [TS = 0.12–0.14 (♂ ♀)], telotarsus 4.97–5.18 (♂) or 4.66–4.76 (♀) times as long as deep [TS = 0.40–0.43 (♂ ♀)], ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.81–0.86 (♂ ♀), subterminal seta furcate and indented, claws without dorsal tooth</p><p>Measurements. Body length 3.15–3.32 (♂) or 2.93–3.45 (♀). Carapace 0.85–0.89 × 0.58–0.60 anteriorly (♂) or 0.895–0.93 × 0.63–0.65 anteriorly (♀). Chelicera 0.525–0.54 × 0.28 (♂) or 0.56–0.595 × 0.295–0.30 (♀); movable finger length 0.34–0.35 (♂) or 0.36–0.375 (♀). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.586 –0.605 × 0.241 –0.245 (♂) or 0.569 – 0.613 × 0.236 –0.252 (♀); femur 1.11–1.20 × 0.215–0.23 (♂) or 1.11–1.18 × 0.228 –0.236 (♀); patella 0.85–0.90 × 0.25–0.28 (♂) or 0.86–0.90 × 0.26–0.27 (♀); chela with pedicel 2.07–2.14 × 0.43–0.44 (depth 0.42–0.425) (♂) or 2.02–2.09 × 0.43–0.47 (depth 0.415–0.46) (♀); hand with pedicel length 0.88–0.955 (♂) or 0.875–0.97 (♀); movable finger length 1.29–1.32 (♂) or 1.26–1.29 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 0.403 –0.438 × 0.158 –0.165 (♂) or 0.429 – 0.442 × 0.158 –0.179 (♀); femur + patella 0.936 –1.006 × 0.228 –0.236 (♂) or 0.971 –1.105 × 0.236 –0.245 (♀); tibia 0.823 –0.875 × 0.116 –0.121 (♂) or 0.796 –0.831 × 0.123 –0.127 (♀); basitarsus 0.376 –0.394 × 0.089 –0.096 (♂) or 0.359 –0.385 × 0.096 –0.101 (♀); telotarsus 0.438 –0.446 × 0.086 –0.088 (♂) or 0.420 –0.438 × 0.090 –0.092 (♀).</p><p>Remarks. Callaini (1982) described Neobisium (Neobisium) settei based on two males and three females from the Lac de Melo near Corte (Corsica)— the only specimens and locality of the species known so far (WPC 2024)— and compared it to Neobisium (Neobisium) schenkeli (Strand, 1932), Neobisium (Neobisium) jugorum (L. Koch, 1873), Neobisium (Neobisium) helveticum Heurtault, 1971 and Neobisium (Neobisium) apuanicum Callaini, 1981 . These species, distributed in central Europe (the first three) and central Italy (the last), are all characterised by having the fixed chelal finger heterodont, a prominent epistome and a very slender pedipalpal patella.</p><p>Within the Neobisium species of the Corsican-Sardinian complex, N. settei is related to N. knoflachae n. sp., epigean species from northern Corsica. For comparisons of N. settei with N. knoflachae n. sp., see Remarks under the latter species. The above redescription of N. settei partially includes the original description provided by Callaini (1982).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFC6FFC2FF36FF4AFF001F1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
64292228FFC4FFCBFF36FB77FE5119B2.text	64292228FFC4FFCBFF36FB77FE5119B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) sublaeve (Simon 1879)	<div><p>Neobisium (Neobisium) sublaeve (Simon, 1879)</p><p>(Figs 47–77, 78–79)</p><p>Obisium (Obisium) sublaeve Simon, 1879: 60 .</p><p>Obisium carcinoides: Gestro 1904: 14 (in part: Seui).</p><p>Obisium praecipuum: Gestro 1904: 14.</p><p>Obisium jugorum: Gestro 1904: 14.</p><p>Neobisium dolicodactylum: Beier 1948: 188.</p><p>[?] Neobisium sublaeve: Schawaller 1981: 45 (see Remarks)</p><p>Neobisium cf. praecipuum: Callaini 1983: 285.</p><p>Type locality: France, Corsica (imprecise: “ montagnes de l’intérieur de l’île ”) .</p><p>Distribution. France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia).</p><p>Diagnosis (♂ ♀). An epigean, occasionally subterranean, medium-sized Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia that differs from other Mediterranean species of the genus in the following combination of characters: carapace with one preocular seta on each side and 6–9 setae on posterior margin; ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of 12 (rarely 13) setae; epistome triangular, mostly with apical denticles; both eyes with convex lens and tapetum, anterior eyes at a distance of approximately half their diameter from the edge of the carapace; tergites I–IV: 7–11:7–11:7–11:8–10; cheliceral palm with 7 (rarely 6) setae, rallum with 7–8 (rarely 9) blades; fixed chelal finger irregularly heterodentate, with contiguous teeth; fixed and movable chelal fingers with 66–99 and 49–78 teeth, respectively; movable chelal finger with clearly evident dentition along its entire length, with teeth lower towards the proximal part of the finger; pedipalpal femur 0.88–1.49 mm length (4.32–5.34 ×), patella 0.60–1.08 mm (3.22–3.50 ×), with long distal patellar opening (X/Y = 0.71–0.93); chelal hand with smooth surface; movable chelal finger 0.92–1.65 mm length; pedipalpal hand with oval profile, with maximum width approximately in the basal third, paraxial side slightly more convex than antiaxial side (dorsal view); ratio between movable chelal finger and chelal hand with pedicel lengths 1.30–1.50; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 0.88–0.98; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.22–1.54; trichobothrium ist mostly at level of st, closer to the finger tip than to isb.</p><p>Type material examined. None.</p><p>Non-type material examined. FRANCE — Corsica: Haute-Corse: 2♂, Castagniccia, surroundings of Cervione, 4. VI.1982, A. Torchia &amp; S. Zoia leg. Corsica: Corse-du-Sud: 1 T, Bocognano, Col de Vizzavona, 1200 m a.s.l., 20.IV.1992, S. Zoia leg. , under bark Fagus; 2♂, Cauro towards Eccica, bridge over the Prunelli River, 25. V.2002, R. Poggi leg. (MSNG) . ITALY — Sardinia: Cagliari Prov.: 1♀, Siliqua, Acquafredda, 27.II.1989, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. Sardinia: Nuoro Prov.: 1♂ ( Obisium praecipuum, E. Simon det.), Desulo, Mt Gennargentu, V.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♀ ( Obisium jugorum, E. Simon det.), Gennargentu, VI.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂ 1 T, Desulo, Mt Gennargentu, Bruncu Spina, Rifugio, 1750 m a.s.l., 3.II.1995, C. Meloni leg. ; 1 T, Galtellì, Mt Tuttavista summit, 800 m a.s.l., 19.III.2012, C. Onnis leg. ; 2♀, Isili, Sarcidano Stazione, XI.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 1 T, Lula, Mt Albo, Grotta Sa Conca ‘e Sa Capra 30 Sa / NU, 25.IX.2011, C. Onnis leg. ; 1♀, Ulassai, Tacco di Ulassai, Grotta di Su Marmori 55 Sa / NU, 5.II.1995, J. De Waele &amp; D. Deidda leg. Sardinia: Oristano Prov.: 1♀, Morgongiori, 27.XII.1989, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. ; 1♀, id., 22.XII.1993, L. Fancello &amp; P. Leo leg. Sardinia: Sassari Prov.: 1♀, Cargeghe, 13.II.2002, leg.?; 1♀, Chiaramonti, Sa Fraigada, Grotta I di Sa Fraigada, 12.XII.1976, G. Grafitti leg. ; 1♀, Cossoine, Toe, Voragine Su Disterru ‘e Toe, 3.I.1989, G. Grafitti &amp; A. Molinu leg. ; 1 T, Mara, Bonu Ighinu, 13.III.1977, G. Grafitti leg. Sardinia: Sud Sardegna Prov.: 1♀ ( Neobisium cfr. praecipuum, G. Callaini det.), Iglesiente, 1976, leg.? (MSNG); 2♀, Domusnovas, Punta Campo Spina, Grotta del Biancospino, 3.II.2008, G. Merella leg. ; 1♂, Fluminimaggiore, Miniera-Grotta di Punta de Baueddu 2672 Sa / CA, 885 m a.s.l., 6.II.2005, C. Onnis &amp; S. Papinuto leg. ; 1♂ 3♀, Gergei, XI.1999, L. Fancello leg. (MSNG) ; 1♂, Narcao, Is Seddas ‘e Mont’Ega, Pozzo Seddas 816 Sa / CA, 3.III.2009, C. Onnis leg. ; 1 T, Nurri, Asutta ‘e Scraccas 5 Sa / CA, 14. V.2012, C. Onnis leg. ; 1♂ 1♀ ( Obisium carcinoides major, E. Simon det.), Seui, 2. V.1902, A. Dodero leg. (MSNG) ; 1♀, Villaputzu, Su Pranu, S’Angurtidorgiu Mannu 4 Sa /CA-NU, 23.VII.1994, G. Grafitti leg. ; 1 T, Villasalto, Sa Lilla, III.2016, C. Onnis leg.</p><p>Description of adults (♂ ♀). Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae yellow-brown, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.33–1.62 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad (width measured anteriorly), with four eyes (Figs 47, 55) with tapetum; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.08–0.12 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced (diameter 0.08–0.12); distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.04–0.06 mm, anterior eyes at a distance of approximately half their diameter from the edge of the carapace; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.02–0.035 mm; anterior margin of carapace with prominent triangular epistome (Figs 47, 55), mostly with apical denticles (0.02–0.03 mm length); chaetotaxy 4:6–7:6:6–9, plus one preocular seta on each side. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X (♂ ♀): 6–10:8–11:8–11:9– 11:10–13:10–13:11–12:11–12:10–12:11. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♂): 8–10:(3–4)35–39(3):(3)16–18(3):16:15– 17:15–16:16:13–15:14–15, setae of genital atrium not seen, median genital sac pyriform, reaching the base of sternite V (Fig. 53); chaetotaxy of sternites II–X (♀): 8:(3)24(3):(3)12(3):17:17–18:17:16:16:15, genital area as in fig. 58. Chelicera (Figs 49, 57) 1.83–1.98 (♂ ♀) times as long as broad, palm with 7 (rarely 6) setae; fixed finger with 10–14 teeth, the 8–10 proximal spaced, the 5–7 distal small and contiguous; movable finger with 8–12 teeth, with one or two larger teeth just distal to gs; gs ratio 0.61–0.67, spinneret semicircular, prominent in female, more reduced in male; rallum with 8 (rarely 7 or 9) blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal (rarely the two proximal) isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with about 25 and 27 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 5 setae. Coxal setae (♂ ♀): pedipalp 12 (rarely 13), I 9–11, II 9–12, III 8–10, IV 13–15; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process slightly prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes (Figs 48, 56). Pedipalp (Figs 50–52, 59–61): trochanter 2.12–2.45 (♂) or 2.20–2.30 (♀) times as long as broad, with a slightly prominent tubercle with a lyrifissure on antiaxial face; femur 4.40–5.13 (♂) or 4.32–5.34 (♀) times as long as broad; patella (Figs 50, 59, 62–77) 2.50–3.19 (♂) or 2.61–3.22 (♀) times as long as broad, ratio X/Y = 0.70–0.93 (♂) or 0.76–0.90 (♀), with 7–11 sensilla on the dorsal face of pedicel; chela with pedicel 3.56–4.47 (♂) or 3.62–4.47 (♀) times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.64–1.89 (♂) or 1.60–1.92 (♀) times as long as broad, with 8–13 sensilla on the dorsal face of pedicel; pedipalpal hand with oval profile, with maximum width approximately in the basal third, paraxial side slightly more convex than antiaxial side (dorsal view); fingers curved in dorsal view (Figs 51, 60), fixed finger almost straight in antiaxial view (Figs 52, 61); fixed chelal finger heterodentate (Figs 52, 61), with 66–86 (♂) or 72–99 (♀) pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with 49–66 (♂) or 55–78 (♀) teeth, these are low, not pointed (apart from the distal ones the trichobothrium t), and progressively lower towards the proximal part of the finger; all teeth with dental canals; trichobothria as in figs 51–52, 60–61; relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis (♂ ♀): it 0.09–0.13/ et 0.11–0.16/ est 0.16 –0.20/ ist 0.25–0.37/ isb 0.755 –0.815 / ib 0.78–0.85/ esb 0.87–0.91/ eb 0.89–0.94/ t 0.17–0.23/ st 0.27–0.38/ sb 0.66–0.71/ b 0.85– 0.87; trichobothrium est at level or just distal t; trichobothrium ist mostly at level of st, closer to the finger tip than to isb; trichobothrium isb just distal ib; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.32–1.50 (♂) or 1.30–1.47 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 0.89–0.98 (♂) or 0.88–0.94 (♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.29–1.54 (♂) or 1.22–1.42 (♀). Leg IV (Fig. 54): trochanter 2.18–3.36 (♂) or 2.59–2.66 (♀) times as long as deep, femur + patella 3.29–4.46 (♂) or 3.85–5.68 (♀) times as long as deep, tibia 5.46–7.51 (♂) or 6.25–7.00 (♀) times [TS = 0.41–0.47 (♂ ♀)], basitarsus 4.05–4.80 (♂) or 4.20–5.00 (♀) times [TS = 0.12–0.19 (♂ ♀)], telotarsus 6.14–7.28 (♂) or 6.50–7.30 (♀) times as long as deep [TS = 0.44–0.53 (♂ ♀)], ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.75–0.87 (♂) or 0.80–0.90 (♀), subterminal seta furcate with little indentations, claws with a very small dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 2.5–3.2 (♂) or 2.5–4.2 (♀). Carapace 0.68–0.85 × 0.42–0.65 anteriorly (♂) or 0.86–1.19 × 0.64–0.82 anteriorly (♀). Chelicera 0.46–0.585 × 0.25–0.295 (♂) or 0.60–0.73 × 0.32–0.395 (♀); movable finger length 0.285–0.38 (♂) or 0.285–0.39 (♀). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.43–0.625 × 0.20–0.255 (♂) or 0.59–0.74 × 0.26–0.325 (♀); femur 0.88–1.31 × 0.20–0.255 (♂) or 1.10–1.49 × 0.25–0.33 (♀); patella 0.60–0.91 × 0.24–0.285 (♂) or 0.81–1.08 × 0.285–0.38 (♀); chela with pedicel 1.495–2.28 × 0.42–0.51 (depth 0.41–0.485) (♂) or 1.95–2.64 × 0.50–0.71 (depth 0.48–0.70) (♀); hand with pedicel length 0.69–0.95 (♂) or 0.85–1.17 (♀); movable finger length 0.92–1.43 (♂) or 1.24–1.65 (♀). Leg IV: trochanter 0.37–0.49 × 0.11–0.19 (♂) or 0.48–0.64 × 0.185–0.24 (♀); femur + patella 0.845–1.16 × 0.225–0.28 (♂) or 1.08–1.42 × 0.25–0.28 (♀); tibia 0.69–0.99 × 0.115–0.14 (♂) or 0.875–1.19 × 0.115–0.14 (♀); basitarsus 0.34–0.48 × 0.08–0.10 (♂) or 0.42–0.60 × 0.10–0.12 (♀); telotarsus 0.43–0.55 × 0.07–0.08 (♂) or 0.52–0.66 × 0.08–0.09 (♀).</p><p>Description of tritonymph. Carapace, chelicerae, pedipalps and palpal coxae brown pale, chelal fingers of the same colour of the hand; pedipalps smooth and shiny, pleural membrane granular. Carapace 1.25–1.38 times as long as broad, with four eyes with tapetum; anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter 0.070 –0.075 mm), the posterior ones weakly reduced; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace about 0.04 mm; distance from anterior to posterior eyes 0.020 –0.025 mm; anterior margin of carapace with squat triangular epistome (0.025 mm length); chaetotaxy 4:6:6:7–9, plus one preocular seta on each side. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X: 6–7:8–10:9–11:10– 12:10–13:10–13:9–14:10–15:9–13:9–10. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X: 4:(2)10–12(2):(2)8–9(2):13–16:16:16– 17:16–17:14–16:14–15. Chelicera 1.76–1.82 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae; fixed finger with 13–14 spaced teeth; movable finger with 10–12 teeth, the largest just distad gs; gs ratio 0.65, spinneret subcircular, largely prominent; rallum with 7 blades, the distal one laterally pinnate and isolated on a prominence, the second one serrate, the successive ones smooth, the proximal isolated and very short; serrulae interior and exterior with 22 and 20–22 blades, respectively. Manducatory process with 4 setae. Coxal setae: pedipalp 8–10, I 8, II 6–7, III 6, IV 10; anterolateral process of coxa I strongly prominent and pointed, anteromedial process prominent and apically rounded, with evident spiniform processes. Pedipalp: trochanter 2.0 times as long as broad, with a prominent tubercle on antiaxial face; femur 3.67–4.15 times as long as broad; patella 2.27–2.52 times as long as broad; chela with pedicel 3.70–3.76 times as long as broad; hand of chela with pedicel 1.65–1.81 times as long as broad; fixed chelal finger weakly heterodentate, with 52–63 pointed contiguous teeth, nodus ramosus subterminal; movable chelal finger with 39–52 teeth; all teeth with dental canals; relative position of trichobothria along chelal axis: it 0.19–0.195/ et 0.20–0.245/ est 0.255 –0.305 / ist 0.41–0.445/ ib 0.82–0.83/ esb 0.86–0.90/ eb 0.89–0.94/ t 0.30–0.34/ st 0.55–0.56/ b 0.83–0.87; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.23–1.38; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 0.89–0.97; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.13–1.20. Leg IV: trochanter 2.08–2.27 times as long as deep, femur + patella 3.02–3.52 times as long as deep, tibia 5.11–5.45 times (TS = 0.40–0.43), basitarsus 2.86–3.56 times (TS = 0.125–0.16), telotarsus 3.93–4.86 times as long as deep (TS = 0.41–0.42), ratio between basitarsus and telotarsus lengths 0.78; subterminal seta furcate, not indented, claws with dorsal tooth.</p><p>Measurements. Body length 2.3–2.5. Carapace 0.55–0.69 × 0.44–0.50 anteriorly. Chelicera 0.37–0.42 × 0.21– 0.23; movable finger length 0.245 –0.255. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.32–0.39 × 0.16–0.19; femur 0.625–0.83 × 0.17– 0.20; patella 0.42–0.57 × 0.185 –0.235; chela with pedicel 1.11–1.43 × 0.30–0.38 (depth 0.30–0.36); hand with pedicel length 0.52–0.69; movable finger length 0.665–0.85. Leg IV: trochanter 0.25–0.33 × 0.12–0.145; femur + patella 0.56–0.74 × 0.185–0.21; tibia 0.46–0.60 × 0.09–0.11; basitarsus 0.215 –0.285 × 0.075–0.08; telotarsus 0.275 –0.365 × 0.07–0.075.</p><p>Remarks. Neobisium (Neobisium) sublaeve was described by Simon (1879), as Obisium (Obisium) sublaeve, on an uncertain number of Corsican specimens of both sexes. The exact locality is not specified in the original description, which only mentions “montagnes de l’intérieur de l’île”. In the key to species (Simon 1879: 52), N. sublaeve is distinguished from Neobisium (Neobisium) jugorum in having the chelal hand broad and rounded at the base, strongly attenuated at the base of the fingers (hand narrow, almost parallel, just narrowed distally in N. jugorum). Later, Simon (1896) compared N. sublaeve with Neobisium (Neobisium) doderoi, from which it differs in the shape of the patella (with a more globose club in N. doderoi), and in having a non-darkened chelal hand (olivebrown in N. doderoi).</p><p>The description of Neobisium sublaeve proposed by Simon (1879) lacks figures and offers few useful characters to confidently discriminate it from the other currently known congeneric Corsican species. Since the loan request for the syntypes of N. sublaeve sent to the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris on 10 December 2023 went unanswered, we relied on some key characters mentioned in Simon’s (1879) description—considered most important by us—to attribute the examined specimens to N. sublaeve (see Non-type material examined): the anterior eyes are positioned approximately half their diameter away from the edge of the carapace; the pedipalpal patella is just three times as long as wide, with a rather narrow, elongated pedicel, then gradually widening into an oval club, which is almost equally convex on both sides; the distal opening of the patella does not extend halfway to its inner edge. Neobisium incertum and Neobisium major both have the anterior eyes positioned at a distance from the carapace edge equal to half their diameter, but the patella is less slender (2.10–2.45 ×) and the X/Y ratio is 1.0–1.3. In contrast, N. settei and N. knoflachae n. sp. both have the anterior eyes positioned at a distance from the carapace edge equal to their diameter, and the patella is mostly more slender (3.21–3.43 ×) and the X/Y ratio is 0.52–0.63.</p><p>Neobisium sublaeve exhibits significant dimensional variability, as shown in figs 62–77, which illustrate the size gradient of the pedipalpal patella in Corsican and Sardinian specimens of both sexes.</p><p>Schawaller (1981) cited Neobisium sublaeve on two tritonymphs collected near Haut-Asco and Capanelle (northern and central Corsica, respectively) and provided schematic sketches of the carapace, the left pedipalp in dorsal view, and the right chela in lateral view of one of these. The chaetotaxy of carapace is 4:24:14 (Schawaller 1981, fig. 4), and the examination and measurements made on the enlarged figures (Schawaller 1981, figs 2–3) provide the following data: carapace 0.56 × 0.39 mm anteriorly (1.43 times as long as broad); pedipalpal femur 0.66 × 0.165 mm (4.0 ×); patella 0.425 × 0.17 mm (2.5 ×); chela with pedicel 1.08 × 0.26 mm (4.15 ×); movable chelal finger 0.64 mm; ratio between movable finger and hand of chela with pedicel lengths 1.35 ×; ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable finger lengths 1.03 ×; ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.18 ×; fixed chelal finger apparently heterodont; fixed and movable chelal fingers with 49 and 38 teeth, respectively; relative position of trichobothrium ist = 0.47. Comparison of these data with those reported in the above description of N. sublaeve tritonymphs suggests a correct specific attribution of the specimens examined by Schawaller (1981). However, the presence of increased chaetotaxy of the carapace and the absence of preocular setae in Schawaller’s specimens, together with the lack of adult specimens, make any specific attribution doubtful. Among the Corsican species, only Neobisium major shows increased carapace chaetotaxy, albeit 2 preocular setae on each side, but no tritonymphs of this species are known yet.</p><p>Records of Neobisium sublaeve outside the Corsican-Sardinian complex reported in WPC (2024) are doubtful and remain to be verified.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFC4FFCBFF36FB77FE5119B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
64292228FFCDFFF4FF36FC9EFA7519BB.text	64292228FFCDFFF4FF36FC9EFA7519BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobisium (Neobisium) Chamberlin 1930	<div><p>Key to adults of the Neobisium (Neobisium) species from Corsica and Sardinia.</p><p>( Neobisium carcinoides, N. simile and N. sylvaticum omitted: see Introduction).</p><p>1 - Chelal hand with oval profile, with its greatest width in the middle or in the proximal third. Small to large-sized epigean or subterranean species: pedipalpal femur 0.645–2.40, patella 0.46–2.06, movable chelal finger 0.60-2.48 mm length (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur/carapace lengths 1.05–2.06 (♂ ♀)................................................... 2</p><p>1’ - Chelal hand subcylindrical in shape, gradually widened towards the distal end. Very large-sized subterranean species: pedipalpal femur 4.23–4.62, patella 3.07–3.39, movable chelal finger 2.93–3.32 mm length (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur/carapace lengths 2.68–2.86 (♂ ♀). (Subterranean species from Sardinia: Monte Albo)................... N. lulense Gardini, 1982</p><p>2 - Standard chaetotaxy of carapace and tergites: ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of about 12 setae, tergites I–IV with chaetotaxy 6–12:6–13:6–14:7–14.................................................................... 3</p><p>2’ - Increased chaetotaxy of carapace and tergites: ocular and median rows of carapace with a total of 23–24 setae, tergites I–IV with chaetotaxy 12–15:14–16:17:17–20. (Epigean species from Corsica)....................... N. major Callaini, 1982</p><p>3 - Fixed chelal finger homodentate......................................................................... 4</p><p>3’ - Fixed chelal finger irregularly heterodentate............................................................... 7</p><p>4 - Movable chelal finger with distinct but low, not pointed teeth, progressively lower towards the proximal part of the finger.. 5</p><p>4’ - Movable chelal finger (mostly) with very flattened, almost vestigial teeth in its proximal two-thirds, with dentition evident in the distal third from the trichobothrium t to the finger apex. (Epigean species from Corsica and Sardinia)............................................................................................ N. incertum Chamberlin, 1930</p><p>5 - Subterranean large-sized species: pedipalpal femur 1.71–2.60, patella 1.36–2.15, movable chelal finger 2.07–2.48 mm length (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur/carapace lengths 1.63–2.06 (♂ ♀); fixed and movable chelal fingers with 133–146 and 100–122 teeth, respectively; trichobothrium ist distal to the middle of the fixed chelal finger......................... 6</p><p>5’ - Epigean small-sized species: pedipalpal femur 0.645–0.74, patella 0.46–0.54, movable chelal finger 0.60–0.71 mm length (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur/carapace lengths 1.06–1.11 (♂ ♀); fixed and movable chelal fingers with 51–57 and 41–50 teeth, respectively; trichobothrium ist in the middle of the fixed chelal finger. ( Epigean species from Sardinia)................................................................................. N. gennargentui Callaini, 1983</p><p>6 - Preocular seta present; chaetotaxy of tergites I–IV: 5–6:6:6:6–7; manducatory process with 5 setae; chelal hand (dorsal view) with greatest width in the proximal third; pedipalpal femur 1.71–2.00, patella 1.36–1.60, chela with pedicel 3.14–3.23, movable chelal finger 2.07–2.40 mm length (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 0.81– 0.83 (♂ ♀), ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.63–1.84 (♂ ♀). (Subterranean species from Sardinia: Monte Albo)..................................................................................... N. henroti Beier, 1956</p><p>6’ - Preocular seta absent; chaetotaxy of tergites I–IV: 4:4:4:4–5; manducatory process with 3–4 setae; chelal hand (dorsal view) with greatest width in the middle; pedipalpal femur 2.40–2.60, patella 2.06–2.15, chela with pedicel 3.66–3.75, movable chelal finger 2.45–2.48 mm length (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and movable chelal finger lengths 0.98– 1.04 (♂ ♀), ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 2.06 (♂ ♀). ( Subterranean species from Corsica: Haute-Corse).......................................................................................... N. corsicum Gardini, 2023</p><p>7 - Anterior eyes at a distance approximately equal to their diameter from the edge of the carapace; ratio X/Y (diameter of the distal opening of the patella/length of the inner margin of the patella) = 0.34–0.63...................................... 8</p><p>7’ - Anterior eyes at a distance of approximately half their diameter from the edge of the carapace; ratio X/Y (diameter of the distal opening of the patella/length of the inner margin of the patella) = 0.71–0.93. (Epigean, occasionally subterranean, species from Corsica and Sardinia)............................................................ N. sublaeve (Simon, 1879)</p><p>8 - Larger: pedipalpal femur 1.70–2.26, patella 1.17–1.71, movable chelal finger 1.88–2.36 mm length (♂ ♀); fixed and movable chelal fingers with 106–120 and 84–101 teeth, respectively (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.54– 2.20 (♂ ♀)........................................................................................... 9</p><p>8’ - Smaller: pedipalpal femur 1.11–1.20, patella 0.85–0.90, movable chelal finger 1.26–1.32 mm length (♂ ♀); fixed and movable chelal fingers with 75–83 and 64–67 teeth, respectively (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.24–1.40 (♂ ♀). ( Epigean species from Corsica)................................................... N. settei Callaini, 1982</p><p>9 - Carapace with 1 (rarely 2) preocular seta on each side and 6 (rarely 7) setae on posterior margin; chaetotaxy of tergites I–IV: 6–7:6–7:6–9:7–9 (♂ ♀); more slender pedipalps: pedipalpal femur 6.03–7.32 times as long as broad, patella 3.64–4.83 ×, chela with pedicel 4.77–6.45 × (♂ ♀)......................................................................... 10</p><p>9’ - Carapace with 2–4 preocular setae on each side and 11–14 setae on posterior margin; chaetotaxy of tergites I–IV: 8–12:11– 713:10–13:10–11 (♂ ♀); less slender pedipalps: pedipalpal femur 5.26–5.51 times as long as broad, patella 3.24–3.43 ×, chela with pedicel 3.82–4.46 × (♂ ♀). ( Epigean species from Corsica)................................ N. knoflachae n. sp .</p><p>10 - Smaller size and less slender appendages: pedipalpal femur 1.70–1.93 mm (6.03–6.25 times as long as broad), patella 1.17–1.38 mm (3.64–3.81 ×), chela with pedicel 4.77–5.25 ×, hand with pedicel 2.00– 2.14 × (♂ ♀); ratio X/Y (diameter of the distal opening of the patella/length of the inner margin of the patella) = 0.48–0.51 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.54–1.72 (♂ ♀). (Subterranean species from Sardinia: Monte Arcuerì)................... N. onnisi Gardini, 2024</p><p>10’ - Larger size and more slender appendages: pedipalpal femur 1.94–2.27 mm (6.36–7.32 times as long as broad), patella 1.40– 1.71 mm (4.05–4.83 ×), chela with pedicel 5.78–6.45 ×, hand with pedicel 2.48– 3.06 × (♂ ♀); ratio X/Y (diameter of the distal opening of the patella/length of the inner margin of the patella) = 0.34–0.39 (♂ ♀); ratio between pedipalpal femur and carapace lengths 1.73–2.20 (♂ ♀). (Subterranean species from Sardinia: Supramonte)..................... N. sardoum Beier, 1956</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/64292228FFCDFFF4FF36FC9EFA7519BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gardini, Giulio;Gardini, Pietro	Gardini, Giulio, Gardini, Pietro (2025): The epigean pseudoscorpions of the genus Neobisium from Corsica and Sardinia with description of a new species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Zootaxa 5627 (1): 93-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.1.3
