taxonID	type	description	language	source
6A5A9E798830FF98FF44691EFD41F69E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (based on Leduc & Zhao 2021): Circles of six inner and six outer labial papillae (<2 μm) or setae (≥ 2 μm) situated close together on anterior end, subapically, with circle of four cephalic papillae or setae posterior to circles of inner and outer labial sensilla. Amphideal fovea situated between circles of outer labial and cephalic sensilla. Amphideal fovea varies in shape between species and may differ in males and females of same species: may be ovoid with anterior round aperture, horseshoe-like or crescent contoured or more complex. Only one posterior antidromously reflexed ovary present; vulva shifted anteriorly. Tail never clavate, more or less short, cylindrical with rounded tip, occasionally conical or conico-cylindrical with pointed tip; terminal caudal capsule (thick cuticular lining at tip of tail) absent or weakly developed.	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798833FF9BFF446CD4FC25F4F5.taxon	description	(Figures 1 – 2, Table 1)	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798833FF9BFF446CD4FC25F4F5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Two males were measured and studied. Holotype: ♂ 1 on slide 22 HSB 3 - 3 - 17, paratype: ♂ 2 on slide 22 HSB 3 - 3 - 26. Type locality and habitat. Specimens were collected from intertidal muddy sediment at Rizhao coast, Shandong Province; 35 º 18´N, 119 º 31 ΄ E; 0 – 2 cm sediment depth.	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798833FF9BFF446CD4FC25F4F5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Species epithet macramphida is derived from macro, which refers to the large amphideal fovea.	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798833FF9BFF446CD4FC25F4F5.taxon	description	Description. Males. Body long, tapering slightly towards anterior and posterior end. Cuticle smooth, without striations. Six inner and six outer labial sensilla setiform, arranged in two separate circles. Four cephalic setae situated at level of amphids posterior end, 1.6 – 1.7 head diameter from anterior end. Amphideal fovea drop-shaped, 3 μm from anterior region, and wide (81 – 88 % of c. b. d. — corresponding body diameter) with lightly cuticularized outline. Amphideal aperture ovoid, 18 μm in length and 7 μm in width. Buccal cavity narrow and cylindrical without cuticularized armature. Pharynx muscular and cylindrical, posterior end widened but not forming bulb. Nerve ring positioned slightly anterior to half pharynx length (37.8 % – 38.2 % pharynx length). Secretory-excretory system and cardia not observed. Reproductive system with two opposed and outstretched testes, anterior testis to the right of intestine and posterior to the left of intestine. Spicules short, 1.4 cloacal body diameter along arc, slightly curved and broad with internal stripes. Gubernaculum simple and parallel to the distal end of spicules. Two precloacal supplements consists of cuticularized swellings, each with one single precloacal setae (4 μm in length). Posterior precloacal supplement located 23 μm from cloacal pore and anterior supplement 42 μm from the first supplement. Tail conical, gradually tapering with a rounded tip, two caudal glands present, and caudal setae absent. Females not found. Differentiation diagnosis and discussion. Litinium macramphida sp. nov. is characterized by relatively long body, inner and outer labial sensilla setiform and with same length, amphideal fovea 81 – 88 % of c. b. d, spicules short and broad, gubernaculum simple, two precloacal supplements present, tail conical with rounded tip. Litinium macramphida sp. nov. differs from other species of Litinium in the large amphideal fovea, and similar to L. aequale, L. curticauda, L. egregius, L. gludi, L. longicaudatum, L. profundorum and L. subterraneum in the presence of two precloacal supplements. The new species differs from L. aequale in body length (2216 – 2456 μm vs. 1663 – 1900 μm) and tail length (4.19 – 4.75 cloacal body diameter vs. 0.88 cloacal body diameter); from L. curticauda in inner and outer labial sensilla length (5 – 6, 5 – 6 μm vs. 1.5, 1.4 μm), cephalic sensilla length (9 – 11 μm vs. 2.1 μm), and spicules length (21 – 22 μm vs. 46.5 – 49 μm); from L. egregious in body length (2216 – 2456 μm vs. 2998 – 3072 μm), inner and outer labial sensilla length (5 – 6, 5 – 6 μm vs. 2.5 – 3.3, 2.5 – 3.3 μm), cephalic sensilla length (9 – 11 μm vs. 4 – 5 μm), spicules length (21 – 22 μm vs. 37 μm); from L. gludi in body length (2216 – 2456 μm vs. 895 – 1066 μm), cephalic sensilla length (9 – 11 μm vs. 1.5 – 2.0 μm), and tail length and shape (4.2 – 5.1 cloacal body diameter, conical vs. 6.9 – 9.3 cloacal body diameter, conico-cylindrical); from L. longicaudatum in inner and outer labial sensilla length (5 – 6 μm vs. 1.3 μm), cephalic sensilla length (9 – 11 μm vs. 3.6 μm), anterior body shape (equal in width vs. abruptly sharpened), and tail length and shape (conical, 67 – 76 μm vs. conical-cylindrical, 133 – 137 μm); from L. profundorum in body length (2216 – 2456 μm vs. 1196 μm), inner labial sensilla length (5 – 6 μm vs. 2 μm), cephalic sensilla length (9 – 11 μm vs. 5.5 μm), and tail length (4.2 – 5.1 cloacal body diameter vs. 1.2 cloacal body diameter); from L. subterraneum in the inner and outer labial sensilla length (5 – 6, 5 – 6 μm vs. 2.5 – 4, 2.5 – 4 μm), cephalic sensilla length (9 – 11 μm vs. 2 – 4 μm), and amphideal diameter and amphideal fovea shape (81 – 88 % c. b. d., ovoid shaped vs. 50 – 62 % c. b. d., transversely oval anterior shaped).	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798835FF9CFF446BA3FDA2F11A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (modified from Tchesunov 1989): Body short and slender, head end narrowed, four sublateral cephalic setae, amphideal fovea circular, buccal cavity absent, oesophagus divided into anterior cylindrical, muscular, middle thin, posterior swollen, the intestine ends blindly, no rectum and anus, spicules equal in size, arcuately curved, with proximal portion enlarged, gubernaculum with dorso-caudal apophysis, tail conical, short, or elongated-conical, with indistinct cylindrical part.	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798834FF91FF446A33FE2BF1CE.taxon	description	(Figures 3 – 4, Table 1)	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798834FF91FF446A33FE2BF1CE.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Three males and two females were measured and studied. Holotype: ♂ 1 on slide 21 YMD 2 - 2 - 6, paratypes: ♂ 2 on slide 21 YMD 2 - 2 - 39, ♂ 3 on slide 21 YMD 2 - 2 - 142, ♀ 1 on slide 21 YMD 2 - 2 - 229, and ♀ 2 on slide 21 YMD 2 - 2 - 248. Type locality and habitat. Specimens were collected from intertidal muddy sediment at Yangma Island, Shandong Province; 37 º 28´N, 121 º 38 ΄ E; 0 – 2 cm sediment depth.	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798834FF91FF446A33FE2BF1CE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Species epithet breviseta refers to the short cephalic setae.	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
6A5A9E798834FF91FF446A33FE2BF1CE.taxon	description	Description. Males. Body short and slender. Anterior body end narrowed. Inner and outer labial sensilla not visible. Four cephalic sensilla short and papilliform, 1.5 μm in length. Cuticle faintly annulated. Amphideal fovea circular and large (60 % – 71 % c. b. d.), 6 – 8 μm from anterior body end. Buccal cavity absent. Pharynx divided into three sections, anterior part muscular (35 – 45 μm long), middle part narrow (20 – 22 μm long) and posterior part widened with triangular bulb (19 – 21 μm long), nucleated cells of pharyngeal gland present at the pharynx bulb, and pharyngeal gland canal unclear. Cardia present and heart-shaped. Nerve ring situated 48 – 56 μm from anterior end. Excretory cell observed. Pseudolococyte present, intestine end blind, rectum and anus absent. Tail conical, 4.7 – 5.4 cloacal body diameter, three caudal glands present and in line. Spinneret short. Testis paired, both located to the left of the intestine. Spicules paired, curved, sickle-shaped, 1.6 – 1.9 cloacal body diameter. Gubernaculum highly cuticularized with dorso-caudal apophysis, posterior end hooked anteriorly. Females. Similar to males in most characters. Reproductive system didelphic and amphidelphic, with reflexed ovaries. Anterior ovary to the left of the intestine, posterior to the right. Vulva located anterior to the mid-body, 373 – 410 μm from anterior end. Vagina short and sclerotized. Differentiation diagnosis and discussion. Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. can be differentiated by a relatively short and slender body, amphideal fovea circular, four cephalic setae short and papilliform, spicules curved and sickle-shaped, gubernaculum with dorso-caudal apophysis and posterior end hooked anteriorly, tail conical. Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. differs from the other species of Cyartonema with the character of gubernaculums. It is similar to C. minor, C. parvulum, and C. zosterae in the short cephalic setae and conical tail, but differs from C. minor in the longer body (737 – 846 μm vs. 487 – 538 μm), amphideal fovea position (6 – 8 μm from anterior body end vs. 3.0 – 4.2 μm from anterior body end), spicules shape (sickle-shaped vs. strongly curved), and gubernaculum shape (with dorso-caudal apophysis, posterior end hooked vs. with dorso-caudal apophysis, posterior end straight); from C. parvulum in spicules length and shape (27 – 32 μm, sickle-shaped vs. 22.5 – 25.5 μm, proximal end widened toward the ventral), precloacal supplements absent (one papillate precloacal supplement present in C. parvulum); from C. zosterae in cephalic setae length (1.5 μm vs. 6.7 – 8.4 μm), spicules shape (sickle-shaped vs. distally pointed, curved in the proximal part and obliquely rounded), and tail length (5 cloacal body diameter vs. 2.1 cloacal body diameter) (Tchesunov 1989).	en	Wen, Guo, Huixin, Liang, Mengna, Wang, Chunming, Wang (2023): Description of two new species of Nematoda: Litinium macramphida sp. nov. (Oxystominidae) and Cyartonema breviseta sp. nov. (Cyartonematidae) from the Yellow Sea, China. Zootaxa 5339 (6): 577-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.6.6
