identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
695D0E767C1DFFC324DF59507D61FA51.text	695D0E767C1DFFC324DF59507D61FA51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) ibericus Fisher von Waldheim 1823	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) ibericus Fisher von Waldheim, 1823</p><p>(Figs. 3–14, 85–98)</p><p>Material. 2♂♂, 3♀♀, Georgia, Shida-Kartli, Surami Mt. Range, 6 km W of Surami vill., S slopes of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.472584&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.020638" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.472584/lat 42.020638)">Sabuleti Mt.</a>, 908 m, N 42°01'14.30" / E 43°28'21.30", pitfall traps, 06.04- 06.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 19♂♂, 21♀♀, Georgia, Imereti, Surami Mt. Range near Jvari (= <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.598583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.195084" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.598583/lat 42.195084)">Dzhvari</a>) pass, 970m, N 42°11'42.30" / E 43°35'54.90", pitfall traps, 23.04.- 21.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 2♂♂, 8♀♀, Georgia, Imereti, Surami Mt. Range, left bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.641167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.152805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.641167/lat 42.152805)">Cheratkhevi river</a>, 823 m, N 42°09'10.10" / E 43°38'28.20", pitfall traps, 23.04 - 21.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from “ Iberia ”. Inhabits the Surami mountains north of the Chkherimela river valley up to Kvirila river valley at the western slopes and up to Sredniaya Prone river valley at the eastern slopes. All above listed specimens were found in the forest zone of Surami mountains, one of them being located close the type locality: Surami env., valley of Dzhvari (according to Deuve 2012).</p><p>Remarks. Based on the endophallus structure, this species is somewhat intermediate between C. lafertei Chaudoir, 1846, found in the southern Surami mountains, the Adzhar-Imereti mountain range and some other mountain masses, and the C. szekelyi -group, inhabiting mountains in the north, along the east and west of the Racha mountains, penetrating South Ossetia and the extreme north-east end of the Surami mountains nearby Dzhava (=Dzau).</p><p>Study of the extensive comparative material available from the known localities of C. imereticus Retezár, 2011 (Surami mountains, Rikoti Pass) and the apparent type locality of C. ibericus (Surami mountains, Dzhvari Pass) revealed no morphological differences between these populations, these data confirming Deuve’s (2015) opinion, who treated C. imereticus as a synonym of C. ibericus . Populations dwelling east of the Aragvi river had been previously regarded by some authors to be C. ibericus, but now they are treated as a different taxon prunierianus Deuve, 2012 (see below). Our data does not support, however, the subspecific status for C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov &amp; Fominykh, 2014 within C. ibericus because it differs in some essential features (see identification key and illustrations below).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C1DFFC324DF59507D61FA51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C1DFFC424DF5D7E789BFE41.text	695D0E767C1DFFC424DF5D7E789BFE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) lafertei Chaudoir 1846	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) lafertei Chaudoir, 1846, stat. resurr.</p><p>(Figs. 15–18, 99–104)</p><p>Material. 10♂♂, 10♀♀, Georgia, Samtskhe-Dzhavakheti, S slopes of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.091&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.749973" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.091/lat 41.749973)">Adzhar-Imereti Mt. Range</a>, right bank of Tsinubanistskali river, 4 km NW of Gurkeli vill., 1159 m, N 41°44'59.90" / E43°05'27.60", pitfall traps, 30.04- 11.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from Abastumani. Inhabits the Trialeti mountains and the northern slopes of the Adzhar-Imereti mountains east of the Khanistskali river valley up to the Chkherimela river valley and its southern slopes eastwards Abaschemistskali (=Otskhe) river valley up to Kvisheti village. The specimens listed above were collected in actively exploited dry fir forests.</p><p>Remarks. This species has long been regarded as a subspecies of C. ibericus (e.g. Deuve, 2015). However, it shows differences in several important features of the male genitalia (see figures and identification key below) and also in some external characters: its body length is larger, elytra more elongate, elytral punctation more coarse, interspaces impressions deeper both in males and females, and the pronotum more rectangular and not contracted posteriorly. From morphological reasons this species seems to occupy a position intermediate between C. ibericus and C. chaudoirianus (see below).</p><p>Special attention should be paid to the specific affiliation of the subspecies montreuilianus Deuve, 2014, originally attributed to C. ibericus . We have no material from Tukhtamash Pass (Trialeti mountains), but based on morphology and geographic distribution (the Trialeti mountains are generally populated by C. lafertei), it should be attributed to the latter species, i.e. Carabus (Neoplectes) lafertei montreuilianus Deuve, 2014, stat. nov. However, the real taxonomic status of this form still requires refinement based on the serial material.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C1DFFC424DF5D7E789BFE41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C1AFFC424DF5A8E782DF9C6.text	695D0E767C1AFFC424DF5A8E782DF9C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) chaudoirianus Lapouge 1909	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) chaudoirianus Lapouge, 1909, stat. resurr.</p><p>(Figs. 19–26, 105–116, 204–205)</p><p>Material. 7♂♂, 11♀♀, Georgia, Samtskhe-Dzhavakheti, S slopes of Adzhar-Imereti Mt. Range, left bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.649223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.687416" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.649223/lat 41.687416)">Khveibliani river</a>, 1 km W of Mlashi vill., 1276 m, N 41°41'14.70" / E42°38'57.20", pitfall traps, 02.05- 09.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 10♂♂, 18♀♀; Georgia, Samtskhe-Dzhavakheti, N slopes of Khormani Mt. Range, right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.66803&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.676807" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.66803/lat 41.676807)">Khveibliani river</a>, 1 km E of Zarzma vill., 1266 m, N 41°40'36.50" / E42°40'04.90", pitfall traps, 01.05- 09.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 17♂♂, 8♀♀, Georgia, Guria, N slopes of Adzhar-Imereti Mt. Range near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.12447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.84619" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.12447/lat 41.84619)">Gomi</a> vill. between Bzhuzhi and Kalova rivers, 900 m, N 41°50'46.30" / E42°07'28.10", pitfall traps, 07.04- 08.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 8♂♂, 10♀♀, Georgia, Guria, N slopes of Adzhar-Imereti Mt. Range near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.13486&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.840164" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.13486/lat 41.840164)">Gomi</a> vill. between Bzhuzhi and Kalova rivers, 1338m, N 41°50'24.60" / E42°08'05.50", pitfall traps, 07.04- 08.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 2♂♂, 1♀, Georgia, Imereti, Adzhar-Imereti Mt. Range, E slopes of Sahelmtsipo Mt. Range, left bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.79697&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.998028" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.79697/lat 41.998028)">Tsablaras-Tskali river</a>., 399 m, N 41°59'52.90" / E42°47'49.10", pitfall traps, 07.04- 0 6.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from “Batumi”. General range covers the northern slopes of the Adzhar- Imereti mountains, the west of the Khanistskali river valley on its southern slopes, the west of the Abaschemistskali (=Otskhe) river valley, and the right bank of the Kveibliani river in the Khormani mountains. Collected at the northern and southern slopes of the Adzhar-Imereti mountains, in its central and western parts, and further south, in the Khormani mountains near the Turkish-Georgian border. Since this mountain range is situated mainly in Turkey, the occurrence there of C. chaudoirianus (and the subgenus Neoplectes in general) seems to be very probable. All known populations inhabit deciduous, mixed, and coniferous forests at 400–1350 m.</p><p>Remarks. Originally described as a subspecies of C. ibericus . This form was treated as a distinct species by Retezár (2015), and later reduced to a subspecies of C. lafertei by Deuve (2015). We resurrect its specific status based on the stable differences in external morphology and male genitalia structure (see identification key and illustrations below).</p><p>Populations from the west part of the Adzhar-Imereti mountains differ from those dwelling eastwards by having consistently a more elongate and slender body, with the pronotum and elytra entirely coloured without black spots. The population from the environs of Adigeni town is extremely variable in external appearance, some specimens resembling C. lafertei though being different in male genitalia structure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C1AFFC424DF5A8E782DF9C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C1AFFC524DF5D0F78E8FA09.text	695D0E767C1AFFC524DF5D0F78E8FA09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) mellyi Chaudoir 1846	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) mellyi Chaudoir, 1846</p><p>(Figs. 27–50, 117–152, 206–209)</p><p>Carabus (Tribax) mellyi boulbenorum Deuve, 2015: 120, syn. nov.</p><p>Material. 37♂♂, 43♀♀, C Caucasus, S Ossetia, W slopes of the Main Caucasus Mt. Range, right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.627136&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.564423" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.627136/lat 42.564423)">Koz lake</a>, 1650 m, N 42°33'51.93" / E43°37'37.70", pitfall traps, 29.05.- 12.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 122♂♂, 138♀♀, Georgia, Racha, S slopes of Lechkhumi Mt. Range, 1.5 km NW of Khidishlebi vill, right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.388306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.67128" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.388306/lat 42.67128)">Sakaura river</a>, 1289 m, N 42°40'16.60" / E 43°23'17.90", pitfall traps, 12.05.- 0 6.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM, CZAS) ; 28♂♂, 40♀♀, Georgia, Racha, S slopes of Lechkhumi Mt. Range, 1 km SW of Likheti vill, right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.225418&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.59011" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.225418/lat 42.59011)">Lukhunistskali river</a>, 926 m, N 42°35'24.40" / E43°13'31.50", pitfall traps, 10.05.- 05.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 22♂♂, 20♀♀, Georgia, Lechkhumi, S slopes of W part of Lechkhumi Mt. Range, left bank of Ladzhanuri river near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.899307&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.65767" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.899307/lat 42.65767)">Lashichala</a> resort, 741 m, N 42°39'27.60" / E42°53'57.50", pitfall traps, 17.04.- 13.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 72♂♂, 66♀♀, Georgia, Kvemo Svaneti, N slopes of Lechkhumi Mt. Range, left bank of Tskhenis-Tskali river, 3.5 km S of Sasashi vill. near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.976513&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.759945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.976513/lat 42.759945)">Jvari</a> (= <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.976513&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.759945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.976513/lat 42.759945)">Dzhvari</a>) pass, 2200-2400 m, N 42°45'35.80" / E42°58'35.45", 16.06.- 02.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 27♂♂, 34♀♀, Georgia, Kvemo Svaneti, S slopes of Svaneti Mt. Range, left bank of Kheledula river near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.66553&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.807137" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.66553/lat 42.807137)">Paki</a> vill., 1350 m, N 42°48'25.70" / E42°39'55.90", pitfall traps, 14.06.- 04.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from “mont Sakao, en Imérétie ”. General range covers the Svaneti and Lechkhumi mountains, and the southern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range nearly up to the Dzhodzhora river valley. Collected in the Svaneti and Lechkhumi mountains. This species may occur further east, near Kvaisa town, and be sympatric with C. szekelyi, as its populations were found 15 km to the south-east. The species occurs in both deciduous and coniferous forests at 700–2000 m.</p><p>Remarks. Variable species. Rufofemoral forms were observed at Sasashi and Khidishlebi environs, amounting nearly 10% of the entire population number. Populations from the Lechkhumi mountains showed strong morphological differences from each other and were quite polymorphic, with the exception of those from Sasashi and Paki environs and lake Koz vicinities which were uniform in body shape and elytral punctation. The easternmost population from the Main Caucasus Range near the lake Koz in South Ossetia possesses a more elongate body shape rarely observed in the other populations. Individuals from both studied populations were extremely similar in external appearance, and could only be assigned to species with certainty from the structure of the endophallus.</p><p>Deuve (2015) described a population from Lentekhi environs (“ Géorgie, au nord de Lentekhi, 1000 mètres”), as a subspecies boulbenorum, although his description was based upon only three specimens. Our study of a larger sample of specimens from this locality has shown that a number of morphological features vary strongly even within a single population, namely smoothed elytral sculpture, more ovate pronotum with stronger protruding posterior angles, disk with less pronounced rugosity, and praeputial field stronger protruding to the base of aedeagus (see illustrations below). In a population dwelling not far from the type locality of C. mellyi boulbenorum (Georgia, Svaneti, near Lentekhi town, Paki vill., 1200-1400 m) half of the specimens possessed characters described by Deuve, but others possessed more coarse elytral sculpture and less protruding posterior angles of the pronotum, or were intermediate in structure. Size, shape, and position of praeputial field also varied greatly but seem to be more stable than features of external morphology. We also studied 649 individuals from six different localities of the Lechkhumi mountains in the altitude diapason from 600 m (north slopes near Orbeli vill.) up to 2000 m (north slopes, on the left bank of the Tskhenis-Tskali river, 3.5 km S of Sasashi vill., near Jvari Pass), this covering a considerable portion of species’ range. In each locality there were specimens fitting Deuve’s description. Based on this strong geographic variation and heterogeneity within particular populations we synonymize Carabus (Tribax) mellyi boulbenorum Deuve, 2015 with the nomynotypical subspecies.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C1AFFC524DF5D0F78E8FA09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C1BFFC624DF5D46797AFE41.text	695D0E767C1BFFC624DF5D46797AFE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) martviliensis Retezar & Djavelidze 1992	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) martviliensis Retezár &amp; Djavelidze, 1992, stat. resurr.</p><p>(Figs. 51–55, 153–158, 210)</p><p>Material. 18♂♂, 22♀♀, Georgia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.414223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.52589" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.414223/lat 42.52589)">Samegrelo</a>, 3.5 km of Meore-Balda vill., between Abasha and Chachkheri rivers, SE slopes of Muchera Mt., 1009 m, N 42°31'33.20" / E 42°24'51.20", pitfall traps, 15.04.- 20.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY) ; 1♂, Georgia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.55/lat 42.483334)">Samegrelo</a>, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.55/lat 42.483334)">Kinchkha-Perdi</a> vill., right bank of Okatse (= Satsikvilo) river, 816 m, N 42°29' / E42°33', pitfall traps, 15.04.- 20.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from Tekhuri valley in Martvili vicinities. Inhabits the eastern and southern slopes of the Askhi Plateau between the left bank of the Tekhuri river and the right bank of the Tskhenis- Tskhali river. The specimens listed above were collected in a beech forest at 800–1050 m. Two sites were sampled in the vicinity of Mt. Muchera, the first a climax forest community, and the second a site with missing leaf litter as a result of a recent fire. The latter site had a population density about five times higher than the climax community, probably demonstrating the population phenomenon earlier discussed by Knysh and Zamotajlov (2005).</p><p>Remarks. A single male specimen with an extremely small body size was collected near Kinchkha-Perdi village. This is probably an aberrant individual, but further specimens of this population would need to be sampled to confirm this. Two specimens were collected at Muchera Mountain Mass, which possessed a rare bright green pronotal and elytral colouration.</p><p>We resurrect the specific status of this form based on the consistent differences in external morphology and male genitalia structure between C. martviliensis and C. mellyi (see identification key and illustrations below).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C1BFFC624DF5D46797AFE41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C18FFC624DF5A8E7953FB0B.text	695D0E767C18FFC624DF5A8E7953FB0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) prunierianus Deuve 2012	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) prunierianus Deuve, 2012, stat. resurr.</p><p>(Figs. 56–61, 159–168, 211)</p><p>Material. 3♂♂, Georgia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.716667/lat 42.35)">Mtskheti-Mtianeti</a>, 2.5 km NE of Passanauri vill., Mtiuleti – Gudamakari Mt. Range, right bank of Black Aragvi, 1152 m, N 42°21' / E 44°43', pitfall traps, 3.04.-2.06.2015, (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY) ; 5♂♂, 1♀, Georgia, Mtskheti-Mtianeti, W slopes of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.85/lat 42.25)">Kartli Mt. Range</a> near Magaroskari vill., 966 m, N 42°15' / E 44°51', pitfall traps, 3.04-2.06.2015l (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from Gombori mountains (“Oudjarma”). We collected this form at the left bank of the Aragvi river in the Mtiuleti, Gudamakari and Kartli mountains above 900 m (not observed lower), probably the easternmost localities for the subgenus Neoplectes . Thus the species inhabits the left bank of the Aragvi river eastwards to the Kartli mountains.</p><p>Remarks. Described as a subspecies of C. ibericus . Based on the structure of the endophallus, we found consistent differences of this taxon from C. ibericus . All populations inhabiting the right bank of the Aragvi river and Tsivi-Gombori mountains were earlier assigned to the latter species. The shape of the endophallus strongly resembles that of C. titarenkoi, however both species are strongly different in several features. Furthermore, their distribution ranges are separated by lengthy mountain systems populated by several other forms possessing quite different structures of endophallus (see fig. 1). As already observed in some other Carabus subgenera distributed in the Caucasus (e.g. Tribax, s. Gottwald 1980), similar morphological features were recorded from the extremities of the group’s ranges, reflecting probably convergences.</p><p>We resurrect the specific status of this form based on consistent differences in external morphology and male genitalia structure between C. prunierianus and C. ibericus (see identification key and illustrations below).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C18FFC624DF5A8E7953FB0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C18FFC724DF5E4B7F27FD8C.text	695D0E767C18FFC724DF5E4B7F27FD8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) szekelyi Retezar 2011	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) szekelyi Retezár, 2011</p><p>(Figs. 62–80, 169–196, 212–214)</p><p>Material. 17♂♂, 12♀♀, Georgia, Imereti, Racha Mt. Range, 5 km NW of Nakerala pass near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.977943&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.386528" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.977943/lat 42.386528)">Tkibuli town</a>, 1454 m, N 42°23'11.50" / E42°58'40.60", pitfall traps, 09.05.- 07.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM, CZAS) ; 7♂♂, 18♀♀, Georgia, Imereti, S slopes of Racha Mt. Range near Uzunta vill., right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.345528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.40903" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.345528/lat 42.40903)">Pasknara river</a>, 890 m, N 42°24'32.50" / E43°20'43.90", pitfall traps, 22.04- 21.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 53♂♂, 48♀♀, Georgia, Racha, N slopes of Racha Mt. Range N of Shkmeri vill., right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.416668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.416668/lat 42.5)">Kheeri river</a>, 1800-2100 m, N 42°30' / E43°25', pitfall traps, 11.05.- 06.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 31♂♂, 28♀♀, Georgia, Racha, N slopes of Racha Mt. Range, S of Bokva vill, right bank of Kheeri river, 1473 m, pitfall traps, 11.05.- 06.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 50♂♂, 67♀♀, Georgia, Racha, N slopes of Racha Mt. Range, S of Bokva vill, right bank of Kheeri river, 1257 m, pitfall traps, 11.05.- 06.07.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 11♂♂, 13♀♀, C Caucasus, S Ossetia, Racha Mt. Range, 4 km NE of Dzhalobet vill., right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.70395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.41818" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.70395/lat 42.41818)">Kvirila river</a>, 1450 m, N 42°25'05.44" / E43°42'14.22", pitfall traps, 29.05.- 12.07.2015 (D. Fominykh) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 26♂♂, 18♀♀, C Caucasus, S Ossetia, Racha Mt. Range near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.76598&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.469646" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.76598/lat 42.469646)">Ertzo</a> pass, 1800 m, N 42°28'10.72" / E 43°45'57.53", pitfall traps, 29.05.- 12.07.2015 (D. Fominykh) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 9♂♂, 15♀♀, C Caucasus, S Ossetia, 1 km MW of Bakhuta vill., left bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.843178&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.419678" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.843178/lat 42.419678)">Patsa river</a>, 1250 m, N 42°25'10.83" / E43°50'35.45", pitfall traps, 28.05.- 12.07.2015 (D. Fominykh) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 3♂♂, 12♀♀, C Caucasus, S Ossetia, Surami Mt. Range, right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.855854&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.34246" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.855854/lat 42.34246)">Itrapula river</a>, 1600 m, N 42°20'32.86" / E 43°51'21.08", pitfall traps, 30.05.- 12.07.2015 (D. Fominykh) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) ; 9♂♂, 15♀♀, C Caucasus, S Ossetia, right bank of Сh’imasdon (= Gadizastskali) river, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.044712&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.36088" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.044712/lat 42.36088)">Ostatyqaw</a> vill., 1600 m, N 42°21'39.18" / E 44°02'40.97", 30- 31.05.2015 (D. Fominykh) (CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) .</p><p>Distribution and habitat. Described from Dzhalaurta, Djava, and Guphta. Distributed throughout the Racha mountains and in the north-east of the Surami mountains. New localities have been established on the right bank of the Bolshaya Liakhvi (=Didi-Liakhvi) river, and the western slopes of the Gudissi mountains, the latter population being the most easterly known. Further sampling is required to determine if other populations are present further east in the Mtiuleti mountains that sympatric with C. prunierianus . C. szekelyi occurs at deciduous, mixed, and coniferous forest sites at 900–2300 m. Also observed in subalpine meadows, avoiding willow, birch, and alder thickets.</p><p>Remarks. Individuals sampled from the Nakerala Pass in the Racha mountains were about 1.5 times larger in body size than other known populations. Strong intrapopulation variation in body shape, elytral punctation, and shape of pronotum was observed in all studied populations.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C18FFC724DF5E4B7F27FD8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C19FFC724DF59C57D6DFCB7.text	695D0E767C19FFC724DF59C57D6DFCB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh 2014	<div><p>C. (Neoplectes) titarenkoi Zamotajlov &amp; Fominykh, 2014, stat. resurr.</p><p>Remarks. This form was reduced to subspecific status by Deuve (2015). We consider the distinguishable features of C. titarenkoi provided in the original description enough to restore its initial status and describe below a new form of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C19FFC724DF59C57D6DFCB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
695D0E767C19FFC824DF58DF7D00FD3A.text	695D0E767C19FFC824DF58DF7D00FD3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carabus (Neoplectes) titarenkoi subsp. djanoliensis	<div><p>Carabus (Neoplectes) titarenkoi djanoliensis subsp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 81–84, 197–202)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, Georgia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.666668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.666668/lat 42.583332)">Lechkhumi</a>, right bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.666668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.666668/lat 42.583332)">Dzhanoli river</a> near Chkhumi vill., E slopes of Mushulda Mt., 526 m, N 42°35' / E42°40', pitfall traps, 16.04- 13.06.2015 (D. Fominykh &amp; A. Zubov) (ZISP) . Paratypes: 12♂♂, 21♀♀, same data as holotype (ZISP, CFDD, CTAY, CZAM) .</p><p>Description. Medium-sized form (Figs. 81–84), body length 31.5–37.0 (34.3) mm, males 31.4–32.7 (32.1) mm, females 33.4–36.8 (35.1) mm long. Underside black, dorsum usually with bright metallic lustre, bronze, dark blue, or dark violet. Body slender. Head broad, as in the other Neoplectes -forms. Pronotum faintly constricted posteriorly, hind angles faintly protruding backwards, PW/HW=1.45–1.78 (1.62)2 [1.22–1.60 (1.41) in the nomynotypical subspecies], PW/PL=1.29–1.98 (1.64) [1.20–1.54 (1.24) in the nomynotypical subspecies], PW/ PB=1.03–1.27 (1.15) [1.02–1.28 (1.15) in the nomynotypical subspecies], surface slightly rugous. Elytra elongate, faintly divergent posteriorly, EW/PW=1.20–1.41 (1.31) [1.34–1.65 (1.50) in the nomynotypical subspecies], EL/ EW=1.57–1.81 (1.69) [1.45–1.90 (1.68) in the nomynotypical subspecies], more convex and less ovate in males and somewhat depressed and more ovate in females; elytral sculpture smoother in males, links of its intervals shorter and less pronounced than in females; in females sculpture coarser, intervals more pronounced, this resulting in the more matte surface appearance.</p><p>Aedeagus large, broadened apically, of characteristic for the subgenus Neoplectes shape, endophallus (Figs. 197–202) with small ventromedial lobe and ventrobasal projection and large, protruding ventroapical lobe, possesses only minor differences from the nomynotypical subspecies.</p><p>Differential diagnosis and remarks. The new subspecies is distinguishable externally from the nomynotypical one by a larger body size, more slender and less ovate body, and somewhat broader head. Results of the discriminant analysis showed consistent differences from the known populations of the nomynotypical subspecies (Fig. 203). Aedeagus somewhat stronger inflated apically (viewed laterally), endophallus with comparatively larger ventroapical and dorsoventral lobes, fainter twisted to the right.</p><p>Habitually resembles C. szekelyi from the Nakerala mountains, but has a more slender body appearance (Figs. 66–69, 81–84) and different structure of endophallus. The shape of the male genitalia resembles that of C. prunierianus, which inhabits the eastern part of the subgenus’ distribution range, but is distinguishable by several 2. Mean values are given in parentheses.</p><p>details (Figs. 159–168, 197–202); both forms are also quite different in external appearance (Figs. 56–61, 81–84). C. titarenkoi djanoliensis subsp. nov. populates the right bank of the Tskhenis-Tskhali river, where species of the mellyi -group are usually distributed, but differs from them in a number of endophallic characters, already mentioned above. The following key can be used to identify the known C. titarenkoi subspecies:</p><p>A. Larger, body length above 33 mm, body more slender, elytra less ovate, endophallus fainter twisted rightwards, its ventroapical lobe somewhat larger; inhabits the right bank of Dzhanoli river.................... C. titarenkoi djanoliensis subsp. nov. B. Smaller, body more robust, elytra stronger ovate, endophallus stronger twisted rightwards, its ventroapical lobe somewhat smaller; inhabits Khvamli mountains Mass..................... .. C. titarenkoi titarenkoi Zamotajlov &amp; Fominykh, 2014</p><p>Distribution. C. titarenkoi djanoliensis subsp. nov. is distributed along the right bank of the Tskhenis-Tskhali river, in the Dzhanoli river valley near Chkhumi village.</p><p>Habitat. Boxwood forest sites at karstic landforms at 526– 600 m. The adults are active from April to July. Carabus (Tribax) fossiger Chaudoir, 1877, C. (Sphodristocarabus) armeniacus Mannerheim, 1830, and C. (Megodontus) septemcarinatus Motschulsky, 1840 also occur together with this subspecies. Etymology. The subspecific epithet refers to the name of the river Dzhanoli, the type locality of this subspecies.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/695D0E767C19FFC824DF58DF7D00FD3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fominykh, Dmitriy D.;Zamotajlov, Alexandr S.	Fominykh, Dmitriy D., Zamotajlov, Alexandr S. (2016): Further contribution to the knowledge of Georgian species of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Neoplectes Reitter, 1885, with description of a new subspecies of C. titarenkoi Zamotajlov & Fominykh, 2014 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini). Zootaxa 4179 (3): 561-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.10
