taxonID	type	description	language	source
6E5D87FAFFCBFF90FE12445DFD35FE89.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pseudodira can be characterized by: i) the incisor edge of the mandibles with large denticles continuing as a sinuate line to the apex of the mandible on the dorsal surface (Fig. 13); ii) the anterior margin of the metaventrite emarginated and distinctly bordered, the border with distinct incisions in the anterior angles between the midcoxae (Fig. 8); iii) the presence of a carina on the apices of the mid and hind tibiae (Fig. 5). The last character is shared with the South American genera Damatula Gordon, 1975 and Lorma Gordon, 1975.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCBFF90FE12445DFD35FE89.taxon	description	Redescription. Size: length 5.8 – 7.5 mm, width 5.0 – 6.4 mm. Body oval, strongly convex. Dorsum covered with dense pubescence. Head retracted in prothorax (Fig. 11). Eyes finely faceted; interocular distance 0.63 – 0.70 times as wide as head across eyes. Gular sutures deep, separated, reaching half length of gula (Fig. 12). Antenna short, less than width of the head; 10 - (P. clypealis) or 11 - segmented (other two species); scape large, swollen, along external surface regularly convex; pedicel distinctly narrower than scape; antennal club 3 - segmented, asymmetrical; penultimate antennomere distinctly shorter than terminal one; terminal segment subquadrate (Fig. 17). Antennal grooves absent. Clypeus with anterior margin emarginate. Labrum slightly emarginate apically (Fig. 16). Mandible mesal and apical surfaces strongly serrated, apical third with strong prominent teeth; molar part absent; prostheca well developed, setose (Fig. 13). Maxilla with cardo subquadrate; mediastipes and basistipes distinctly separated (Fig. 15), lacinia simple, broad, and short with its apical surface covered with long setae and its mesal surface covered with irregularly arranged short pubescence. Galea round-oval; apex densely pubescent. Terminal maxillary palpomere large and securiform. Mentum (Fig. 14) transverse; sides rounded; anterior margin weakly arcuate posteriorly. Prementum oval, ligula reduced. Labial palps narrowly separated, originated subapically on prementum; apical palpomere shorter and narrower than penultimate one; basal palpomere transverse, about two times shorter than penultimate. Prothorax. Anterior angles weakly produced anteriorly. Lateral margin not upturned. Prothoracic hypomeron smooth, setose. Prosternal process complete and less than 0.5 width of mesoventral process; surface smooth (Figs 1, 4) or with small tubercle (Fig. 8), sparsely setose, margined laterally. Prosternum in front of coxa shorter than coxal longitudinal diameter at the same position, with anterior margin slightly produced. Procoxal cavity with anterior border marginated. Meso- and metathorax. Mesoventrite with raised anterior border. Mesoventral process flat (Figs 1, 4) or with small tubercle (Figs 8). Meso-metaventral junction with suture visible, angulate posteriorly. Scutellum triangular. Lateral margins of elytra not or slightly explanate; often visible from above; surface with double size punctation. Elytral epipleuron almost complete, reduced only at apex; with distinct foveae to receive tips of mid and hind femora; inner margin with border area throughout narrow and border line fading before base of elytron. Metaventral postcoxal lines contiguous, antero-lateral angles (between midcoxae) deeply incised (Figs 1, 4, 8); laterally complete, slightly arcuate. Legs. Trochanters angulately produced posteriorly. Femora with distinct, complete grooves to receive tibiae. Fore tibiae with complete groove on outer edge. Mid and hind tibiae with oblique carina on outer edge near apex (Figs 3, 5, 9). Protibia with single apical spur; mid and hind tibia with two spurs. Tarsus 4 - segmented, pseudotrimerous; claws double, base weakly swollen (Fig. 7). Abdomen. Abdominal postcoxal lines separated medially, V-shaped (Fig. 18) or parallel to posterior margin of ventrite 1 (Figs 23, 28), well developed but incomplete; without additional oblique line. Females with 5 ventrites, ventrite 5 broadly rounded; abdominal sternite VIII not divided longitudinally in middle. Female tergite 8 rounded (Figs 21, 26, 31). Male genitalia. Known only for P. clypealis but not examined in the present study; see figures in GORDON & ALMEIDA (1986). Female genitalia. Coxites more or less oval in outline; ventral surface of coxite smooth. Bursa copulatrix simple, ending with common oviduct; infundibulum, sperm duct and spermatheca absent.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCBFF90FE12445DFD35FE89.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana, and Peru (Fig. 36).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFC9FF97FE604033FE34FC29.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 3, 28 – 32, 33)	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFC9FF97FE604033FE34FC29.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Peru, San Martín Region, Tarapoto. Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♀, ‘ Amazones, Tarapote, M. de Mathan [collector], 4 e Trimestre 1885 ’ (MNHN).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFC9FF97FE604033FE34FC29.taxon	description	Description. Length 7.5 mm; TL / EW = 1.18; PL / PW = 0.44; EL / EW = 1.06; EW / PW = 1.76. Body oval (Figs 2, 33). Pronotum chestnut brown with anterior angles piceous. Elytra chestnut brown with suture black. Pubescence short, dense, yellow. Punctation dual, shallow, with smaller punctures very fine, dense, larger punctures sparsely distributed. Head covered with long, dense pubescence. Antennae with 11 antennomeres; scape about 2.3 times as long as pedicel; pedicel about 1.3 times as long as wide; as long as antennomere III. Antennomere III 2.1 times longer than wide, about 2.0 times as long as IV; antennomeres IV and VI subquadrate, antennomere V longer than wide, longer than antennomere IV, antennomeres IV – VI subquadrate; antennomeres VII and VIII transverse. Clypeus not produced. Prosternal process (Fig. 1) 0.32 times as wide as mesoventral process, elongate, about 1.66 times as long as wide; mesoventral process flat, at median length of coxa 0.86 times as broad as corresponding coxal diameter. Elytral epipleuron 2.5 times as wide as corresponding metanepisternum (Fig. 2). Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete laterally, parallel to posterior margin of ventrite 1 (Fig. 28). Female ventrite 5 weakly arcuate; abdominal sternite VIII weakly emarginate apically (Fig. 29). Female genitalia (Figs 30, 32) with proctiger (TX) truncate at apex, transverse, about 2.4 times as wide as long; coxites suboval, about 1.9 times as wide as long; styli visible. Bursa copulatrix not divided, simple, spermatheca not observed. Male unknown.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFC9FF97FE604033FE34FC29.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Pseudodira amazona sp. nov. can be separated from P. clypealis by having antennae with 11 antennomeres, clypeus not produced, and abdominal postcoxal lines not recurved. This species shares with P. carmelitana the abdominal postcoxal lines shape and the presence of styli, but its body size is larger (P. amazona – 7.5 mm, P. carmelitana – 6.0 mm), oval, with piceous anterior angles of pronotum, black elytral suture, and antennomere V as long as antennomere IV.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFC9FF97FE604033FE34FC29.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of the new species is an adjective referring to the Amazonian part of the Peru where the holotype was collected.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFC9FF97FE604033FE34FC29.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Peru (Fig. 36).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCEFF95FEC84553FC40FD29.taxon	description	(Figs 4 – 7, 23 – 27, 34)	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCEFF95FEC84553FC40FD29.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. French Guiana, Cayenne. Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (designated here): ♀, ‘ Rodolia carmelitana / mihi / muls / cayenne // type’ (MNHN).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCEFF95FEC84553FC40FD29.taxon	description	Redescription. Length 6.0 mm; TL / EW = 1.07; PL / PW = 0.43; EL / EW = 0.90; EW / PW = 1.91. Body sub-circular (Figs 6, 34). Elytra chestnut brown; hypomeron, mouthparts and legs piceous, ventral side brown. Pubescence short, dense, yellow. Punctation almost equal in diameter but still distinctly dual, shallow, with smaller punctures fine, larger punctures sparsely distributed. Head covered with moderately long, scarce pubescence. Antennae with 11 antennomeres; scape about 2.3 times as long as pedicel; pedicel about 1.3 times as long as wide; as long as antennomere III. Antennomere III 2.1 times longer than wide; about 2.0 times as long as IV; antennomeres IV and VI subquadrate, antennomere V longer than antennomere IV, longer than wide; antennomeres VII and VIII transverse. Clypeus not produced anteriorly. Prosternal process (Fig. 4) 0.30 times as wide as mesoventral process, elongate, about 1.51 times as long as wide; mesoventral process flat, at median length of coxa 0.94 times as broad as corresponding coxal diameter. Elytral epipleuron 2.6 times as wide as corresponding metaepisternum (Fig. 6). Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete laterally, parallel to posterior margin of ventrite 1 (Fig. 23). Female ventrite 5 weakly arcuate; abdominal sternite VIII weakly emarginate apically (Fig. 24). Female genitalia (Figs 25, 27) with proctiger (TX) truncate at apex, transverse, about 2.8 times as wide as long; coxites suboval, about 1.9 times as wide as long; styli visible. Bursa copulatrix not divided, simple, spermatheca not observed. Male unknown.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCEFF95FEC84553FC40FD29.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Pseudodira carmelitana can be separated from P. clypealis by having antennae with 11 antennomeres, clypeus not produced, and abdominal postcoxal lines not recurved. This species shares with P. amazona sp. nov. the shape of the abdominal postcoxal lines and the presence of styli, but it is smaller (P. carmelitana – 6.0 mm, P. amazona – 7.5 mm), sub-circular, uniformly brown, and antennomere V longer than antennomere IV.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCEFF95FEC84553FC40FD29.taxon	distribution	Distribution. French Guiana (Fig. 36).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCEFF95FEC84553FC40FD29.taxon	discussion	Comments. Rodolia carmelitana was described by MULSANT (1853) from Cayenne in French Guiana, and its type was not examined by following authors. CROTCH (1874) synonymized this species with Epilachna fraterna (Mulsant, 1850). GORDON (1975) redescribed Mada fraterna and mentioned that R. carmelitana may be valid based on the description but the type cannot be located thus retained the species in synonymy. I have located and examined the type of R. carmelitana in MNHN and found that it is not conspecific with M. fraterna. Moreover it has the same generic characters as Pseudodira clypealis. Therefore here I remove R. carmelitana from the synonymy with M. fraterna and transfer it to Pseudodira. MULSANT (1853) did not mention how many specimens he had at his disposal for description of R. carmelitana. Therefore, the only presently known specimen found in MNHN is here designated as a lectotype to stabilize the taxonomic identity of this species.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCCFF94FE654253FE4EF9E3.taxon	description	(Figs 8 – 22, 35)	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCCFF94FE654253FE4EF9E3.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro city. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: ♀, ‘ Brazil / Guanabara / Rio de Janeiro / XI 1963 // M. Alvarenga coll. // HOLOTYPE / Pseudodira clypealis Gordon’ (USNM). PARATYPE: ♀, ‘ Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Acc. No. 2966 // PARATYPE / Pseudodira clypealis Gordon’ (USNM).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCCFF94FE654253FE4EF9E3.taxon	description	Redescription. Length 5.8 mm; TL / EW = 1.16; PL / PW = 0.46; EL / EW = 0.98; EW / PW = 2.01. Body oval (Figs 10, 35). Elytra black with greenish sheen; mouthparts piceous, antennae with first antennomere black and the rest yellow; ventral side brown to black; abdomen brown. Pubescence long, moderately dense, yellowish white. Punctation dual, almost equal in diameter, dense, shallow. Head covered with moderately long, rather dense pubescence. Antennae with 10 antennomeres (Figs 17); scape about 2.5 times as long as pedicel; pedicel 1.3 times as long as wide; scarcely shorter than antennomere III. Antennomere III 1.6 times longer than wide; antennomeres IV – VI subquadrate; antennomere VII transverse. Clypeus produced anteriorly. Prosternal process (Fig. 8) 0.47 times as wide as mesoventral process, subquadrate, about 1.10 as long as wide; mesoventral process with tubercle in posterior part (Figs 8), at median length of coxa 0.80 times as broad as corresponding coxal diameter. Elytral epipleuron 3.1 times as wide as corresponding metaepisternum (Fig. 10). Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, recurved, V-shaped (Fig. 18). Female ventrite 5 rounded; abdominal sternite VIII weakly emarginate apically with anterior part membranous (Fig. 19). Female genitalia (Figs 20, 22) with proctiger (TX) truncate at apex, subtrapezoidal with basal part membranous; coxites oblique, suboval; styli absent. Bursa copulatrix not divided, simple, spermatheca not observed. Male not examined. Male terminalia as in GORDON & ALMEIDA (1986).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCCFF94FE654253FE4EF9E3.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Pseudodira clypealis can be separated from the two other species by having the body black with greenish sheen (Fig. 35), the V-shaped abdominal postcoxal lines and the antennae with 10 antennomeres. Moreover it has long, moderately dense pubescence on elytra, produced clypeus, the mesoventral process with a tubercle, the proctiger (TX) membranous at base, and the styli on coxites absent.	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
6E5D87FAFFCCFF94FE654253FE4EF9E3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Fig. 36).	en	Szawaryn, Karol (2015): Revision of the Neotropical genus Pseudodira (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 203-215, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5372914
