taxonID	type	description	language	source
6C3CB436E65EFFE03E5EA7B6FB0364BD.taxon	description	Eremaeus hepaticus C. L. Koch, 1835: Vol. 3 (23). Notaspis hepatica (C. L. Koch): Michael, 1898: 47.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E65EFFE03E5EA7B6FB0364BD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Relatively large (608 – 640 m m) species with typical characters of Eremaeus. Costulae medium long, diverging anteriorly, transcostular ridge present, minimum distance between costulae about half the costular length; sensilli long, thin, almost setiform, very slightly expanded distally in its barbed portion; interlamellar setae relatively long, attenuate, barbed; tubercles La large, situated posterolaterad of each bothridium; four to five pairs of small tubercles present posteromediad of bothridia; 11 pairs of thin, smooth or weakly barbed notogastral setae, seta c 2 situated at level slightly posterior to that of c; five or six pairs of anal setae; genu 1 III with seta d coupled with solenidion s. Measurements. Body length 608 – 640 (625) m m; length of notogaster 408 – 448 (427) m m; width of notogaster 320 – 344 (330) m m. In total 28 specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour reddish to yellowish brown. Surface of body and legs with relatively thin granular cerotegument. Notogaster and ventral plate weakly foveate, lateral part of prodorsum and pedotecta I and II more distinctly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but distinctly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta (ro) thin, medium long (46 – 54 m m), barbed. Lamellar seta (le) thin, long (64 – 70 m m), barbed. Costula about 48 – 60 m m long, pair diverging anteriorly, transcostular ridge present, minimum distance between costulae about half costular length. Shape of costula and width of transcostular ridge somewhat variable (figures 1 A, 2 E). Interlamellar seta 55 – 62 m m long, barbed, attenuate. Distance between bases of in – in slightly greater than that of ro – ro. Exobothridial seta (ex) 34 – 38 m m long, smooth, directed anteroventrad. Sensillus long (120 – 140 m m), thin, barbed, except smooth proximal portion, almost setiform along its length or very slightly expanded in its barbed portion. Tubercle La relatively large, situated posterolaterad of bothridium. Four to five pairs of small tubercles present posteromediad of bothridia (figures 1 A, C, 4 A, C, D). Notogaster. Oval, about 1.2 – 1.3 times as long as wide; flat in lateral view and slightly flattened anteriorly (figure 1 C). Anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin broadly rounded in dorsal view. Eleven pairs of relatively long (68 – 86 m m), thin, smooth or weakly barbed notogastral setae; setae of ps series slightly shorter (52 – 58 m m) than others. Level of seta c slightly posterior to that of c; h postero- 2 1 3 laterad of lyrifissure im. Opisthosomal gland opening (gla) and lyrifissures ia, im, ih and ips well developed; ip visible only in posterior view (figures 1, 4). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum wider than long, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal setae h, m and a medium long, thin, smooth (figure 1 B). Chelicera relatively large, 112 – 124 m m long; fixed and movable digits with few blunt teeth. Trägårdh’s organ narrow, but conspicuous; setae cha and chb conspicuously barbed; porose area present (figure 2 C). Palp 78 – 84 m m long; setae on palp femur, genu and tibia distinctly barbed; tarsal setae smooth; tarsal solenidion v lying parallel to lateral margin of palp (figure 2 D). Palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. With many muscle sigillae. Sejugal and II apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely and nearly parallel; apodeme III not evident. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 2 - 3 - 3, all setae smooth. Discidium rounded distally. Pedotecta I and II well developed; pedotectum I slightly projecting, pedotectum II seems bifurcate distally in dorso-ventral view (figure 1 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture almost round; anal aperture distinctly widened posteriorly, nearly trapezoid in shape. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, five or six pairs of anal and five pairs of adanal setae (figures 1 B, 2 A). About 35 % of examined specimens have six pairs of anal setae; one specimen has five setae on the right genital plate and another bears seven setae on one anal plate (figures 2 B, F). Legs. Measurements of leg segments given in table 1. Femora I and II with very large porose areas; trochanters III and IV with medium sized porose areas dorsally. Femora III and IV with small porose areas. Tarsi and tibiae I – IV with small porose areas ventrally. Trochanters III and IV with very strongly developed dorsodistal projections; ventrodistal part of trochanter III with deep incision. Seta d present on genu III coupled with solenidion s; genua I, II and tibiae I – IV without setae d. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs I – IV as shown in figures 2 G, H, 3 A, B. Material examined. Fifty-four specimens (31 females and 23 males): Mt Bogd Khan, Central Province, 6 km south of Ulaanbaatar, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 47 ° 55 ∞ N, 106 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1780 m, 4 June 1990; two specimens (males): Mt Orog Yamaat, Nature Reserve ‘ Gorhi Terelj’, District Erdene, Central Province, decaying wood in birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 48 ° 10 ∞ N, 107 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1750 m, 21 July 1998; seven specimens (three females and four males): Mt Zaan Terelj, Nature Reserve ‘ Gorhi Terelj’, District Erdene, Central Province, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 48 ° 10 ∞ N, 107 ° 40 ∞ E, elevation 1950 m, 23 June 1990; two specimens (females): Mt Khangai, District Bulgan, Province Arkhangai, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 47 ° 10 ∞ N, 100 ° 40 ∞ E, elevation 2300 m, 24 June 1990; one specimen (female): Mt Bulgan, District Erdenebulgan, Province Arkhangai, litter of birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 48 ° 20 ∞ N, 101 ° 25 ∞ E, elevation 1850 m, 18 May 1996; Leg. B. Bayartogtokh. Remarks. The character states of Mongolian specimens are well in accord with those of the European material redescribed by Berlese (1884), Sellnick (1928), Willmann (1931), Balogh (1943), Schweizer (1956), Mihelčič (1963), Bulanova- Zachvatkina (1967, 1975), Pérez-Iñigo (1970), and some supplementary characters are provided in the present redescription. The shape of costulae and the number of anal setae are variable in this species. Distribution. This is a very widely distributed species in the Palaearctic region. Sengbusch (1979) recorded this species from North America, but Behan-Pelletier (1993) considered that this record might be based on a misidentification.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E655FFE53E6CA4D5FB926322.taxon	description	Eremaeus oblongus C. L. Koch, 1836: Vol. 3 (24). Notaspis oblonga (C. L. Koch): Michael, 1887: 374, pl. 30, figures 6 – 11; 1898: 48.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E655FFE53E6CA4D5FB926322.taxon	description	Eueremaeus oblongus (C. L. Koch): Mihelčič, 1963: 583, figure 2; Rajski, 1967: 153; Marshall et al., 1987: 159.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E655FFE53E6CA4D5FB926322.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium-sized (488 – 584 m m) species with typical characters of Eueremaeus. Costulae medium long, nearly parallel or slightly diverging posteriorly, transcostular ridge absent; distinct transverse ridge present anterior to costulae; sensilli short, weakly clavate distally, distinctly expanded in their barbed portion; interlamellar setae short, smooth or very finely barbed, attenuate; tubercles La large, situated posterior to each bothridium; another pair of large tubercles situated posteromediad of bothridia; a pair of small tubercles present or absent between the latter pair of tubercles; 10 pairs of thin, finely barbed notogastral setae; five pairs of barbed anal and adanal setae; postanal process broadly V-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite subtriangular; genu III with seta d coupled with solenidion s. Measurements. Body length 488 – 584 (544) m m; length of notogaster 328 – 384 (350) m m; width of notogaster 240 – 312 (287) m m. In total 16 specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour yellowish brown. Surface of body and leg segments with relatively thin granular cerotegument. Microtuberculate in interlamellar region, lateral part of costulae and around leg acetabula. Dorsal and ventral plates weakly foveate, pedotecta I and II distinctly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but distinctly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, 30 – 32 m m long, barbed. Lamellar seta thin, longer than ro (42 – 50 m m), barbed. Costula about 52 – 60 m m long, nearly parallel or slightly diverging posteriorly, transcostular ridge absent, minimum distance between costulae about half costular length. Shape of costula very slightly variable (figures 5 A, 6 A, 7 C). Distinct transverse ridge present anterior to costulae. Interlamellar seta short (28 – 34 m m), attenuate, smooth or very finely barbed, directed upward or slightly posteriorly. Distance between bases of in – in about twice as greater as that of ro – ro. Exobothridial seta 22 – 24 m m long, smooth, directed anterolaterad. Sensillus relatively short, 72 – 78 m m, weakly clavate distally, distinctly expanded in its barbed portion. Tubercle La large, situated posterior to bothridium. Another pair of relatively large tubercles present posteromediad of bothridia, i. e. between La – La. In some specimens one more pair of small tubercles present between latter tubercles (figures 5 A, C, 6 A, 7 A, C). Notogaster. Oval, about 1.2 – 1.4 times as long as wide; relatively flat in lateral view and slightly flattened anteriorly (figure 5 A). In males notogaster relatively narrower than in females (figures 5 A, 6 A). Anterior margin almost straight or slightly rounded, posterior margin broadly rounded in dorsal view. Humeral projection well developed. Ten pairs of medium long (62 – 70 m m), thin, finely barbed notogastral setae; setae of ps series slightly shorter (52 – 56 m m) than others. Opisthosomal gland opening (gla) and lyrifissures ia, im, ih, ips and ip well developed. Posteromarginal sclerite subtriangular (figures 5 A, B, 7 A, B). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum slightly longer than wide, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal setae h and a medium long, seta m about twice their length, all finely barbed (figures 5 B, 7 D). Chelicera relatively large, about 132 m m in length; palp about 78 m m in length; chelicera and palp similar to those of E. hepaticus; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. With many muscle sigillae. Sejugal, II and III apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely and nearly parallel. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 2 - 3 - 3, all setae smooth. Discidium rounded distally. Pedotectum I distinctly projected, pedotectum II bifurcate distally in dorso-ventral view (figures 5 B, 7 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture nearly pentagonal, slightly widened anteriorly; anal aperture widened posteriorly. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, five pairs of anal and adanal setae. Only one specimen varied, having six setae on one side of anal plate. Adanal setae much longer and thicker than anals, both anal and adanal setae conspicuously barbed. Postanal process broadly V-shaped (figures 5 B, 7 B). Legs. Measurements of leg segments given in table 2. Femora I and II with very large porose areas; trochanters III and IV with medium-sized porose areas anterodorsally. Femora III and IV with small porose areas. Tarsi and tibiae I – IV with relatively small porose areas. Trochanters III and IV with very strongly developed dorsodistal projections; ventrodistal part of trochanter III without incision, evenly rounded. Seta d present on genu III coupled with solenidion s; genua I, II and tibiae I – IV without setae d. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs I – IV as shown in figure 6 B – E. Material examined. Sixteen specimens (eight females and 10 males): Mt Bogd Khan, Central Province, 6 km south of Ulaanbaatar, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 47 ° 55 ∞ N, 106 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1780 m, 4 June 1990; two specimens: Mt Ikh Ereen, Nature Reserve ‘ Gorhi Terelj’, District Erdene, Central Province, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 48 ° 10 ∞ N, 107 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1820 m, 17 July 1996; one specimen: Mt Zaan Terelj, Nature Reserve ‘ Gorhi Terelj’, District Erdene, Central Province, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 48 ° 10 ∞ N, 107 ° 40 ∞ E, elevation 1950 m, 23 June 1990; one specimen: Mt Bulgan, District Erdenebulgan, Province Arkhangai, litter of birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 48 ° 20 ∞ N, 101 ° 25 ∞ E, elevation 1850 m, 18 May 1996; Leg. B. Bayartogtokh. Remarks. The certain character states of Mongolian specimens are well in accord with those of European material redescribed by Berlese (1884), Willmann (1931), Balogh (1943), Bulanova-Zachvatkina (1967, 1975), Beck and Woas (1991), and some supplementary characters are provided in the present redescription. Body size and the shape of notogaster are somewhat variable in this species. Males are smaller and distinctly narrower than females. Some redescriptions do not correspond well to the Mongolian material. Costulae in the specimens examined by Mihelčič (1963) from Europe are shorter and thinner, situated farther apart than those in the specimens examined herein. The notogaster of specimens redescribed by Schweizer (1956) is strongly narrowed posteriorly in comparison with the broadly rounded posterior outline in the Mongolian specimens. Recently, Beck and Woas (1991) considered E. hepaticus and E. oblongus as conspecific, but Behan-Pelletier (1993) did not recognize the synonymy. I agree with her opinion, and according to the character states of the Mongolian material, these are apparently independent species. They can easily be distinguished by the number of notogastral setae, the incised or evenly rounded trochanters III and the development of the postanal process. Distribution. This is a very widely distributed common species in the Palaearctic region. Ewing (1910), Jacot (1936), Hammer (1944, 1946, 1952) and Sengbusch (1957) recorded this species in North America, but Behan-Pelletier (1993) considered that these records might have been based on misidentifications.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E650FFF83E6AA332FE7E645D.taxon	description	Eueremaeus granulatus (Mihelčič): Pérez-Iñigo, 1970: 301, figures 52 – 54. Diagnosis. Medium in size (565 – 584 m m); costulae relatively short, thin, nearly parallel or very slightly diverging anteriorly and posteriorly, transcostular ridge absent or very weakly developed; sensilli relatively long, thin, slightly expanded distally; interlamellar setae relatively long, attenuate, finely barbed; tubercles La large, situated posterior to each bothridium; 10 pairs of thin, finely barbed notogastral setae; five or six pairs of anal and five pairs of adanal setae; postanal process nearly V-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite not evident; genu III with seta d coupled with solenidion s. Measurements. Body length 565 – 584 (575) m m; length of notogaster 384 – 392 (388) m m; width of notogaster 304 – 326 (315) m m. Two specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour yellowish brown. Surface of body and basal part of leg segments with thin cerotegument. Microtuberculate on prodorsal tubercles, interlamellar region and around leg acetabula. Notogaster and ventral plate weakly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but distinctly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, 44 – 50 m m long, barbed. Lamellar seta thin, longer than ro (54 – 60 m m), barbed. Costula about 38 – 46 m m long, thin, nearly parallel or slightly diverging anteriorly and posteriorly; transcostular ridge absent or very faintly developed; minimum distance between costulae about same or slightly greater than half costular length. Shape of costulae somewhat variable. Interlamellar seta 38 – 40 m m long, weakly barbed, attenuate, directed anterolaterad. Distance between bases of in – in slightly greater than that of ro – ro. Exobothridial seta 20 – 22 m m long, smooth, directed anterolaterad. Sensillus relatively long (114 – 120 m m), thin, barbed in distal two-thirds, slightly expanded distally. Tubercle La large, situated posterior to bothridium (figures 8 A, B). Notogaster. Oval, about 1.2 times as long as wide; relatively flat in lateral view and slightly flattened anteriorly. Anterior margin almost straight, posterior margin broadly rounded in dorsal view. Humeral projection poorly developed. Ten pairs of relatively long (70 – 82 m m), finely barbed notogastral setae; setae of ps series shorter (40 – 46 m m) than others. Opisthosomal gland opening (gla) and lyrifissures ia, im, ih, ips and ip well developed. Posteromarginal sclerite not evident (figure 8 A). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum slightly longer than wide, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal setae h and a medium long, thin; seta m longer and thicker than others, all smooth (figure 8 C). Chelicera and palp normal for family, similar to those of E. hepaticus; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. Sejugal, II and III apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely and nearly parallel to one another. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 2 - 3 - 3, all setae smooth. Discidium rounded distally (figure 8 C). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture nearly elongate pentagonal, slightly widened anteriorly, longer than wide; anal aperture widened posteriorly. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, five or six pairs of anal and five pairs of adanal setae. All ano-genital setae smooth. One of two specimens examined had five pairs, the other six pairs of anal setae. Preanal organ well developed long. Postanal process nearly V-shaped (figure 8 C, D). Legs. Measurements of leg segments given in table 3. Seta d present on genu III coupled with solenidion s; genua I, II and tibiae I – IV without setae d. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs typical for genus and similar to those of former species. Material examined. One specimen (male): Mt Bulgan, District Erdenebulgan, Province Arkhangai, litter of birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 48 ° 20 ∞ N, 101 ° 25 ∞ E, elevation 1840 m, 18 May 1996; one specimen (male): Mt Khangai, District Bulgan, Province Arkhangai, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 47 ° 10 ∞ N, 100 ° 40 ∞ E, elevation 2300 m, 24 June 1990, Leg. B. Bayartogtokh. Remarks. The character states of Mongolian specimens are well in accord with those of European material given in the description or redescription by Mihelčič (1955, 1963), Forsslund (1957), Bulanova-Zachvatkina (1967, 1975) and Pérez- Iñigo (1970). Forsslund (1957) illustrated six pairs of adanal and five pairs of anal setae, but mentioned five or six pairs of adanal setae in the description. Later, Mihelčič (1963) and Pérez-Iñigo (1970) illustrated only five pairs of setae on both the anal and adanal plates. In the specimens examined here I found only five pairs of adanal setae, but the number of anal setae was variable (five or six pairs). Thus, the number of anal and adanal setae and the shape of costulae are considered variable characters in this species. Eu. granulatus (Mihelčič, 1955) has been confused in the literature since Mihelčič (1963) problematically proposed this species as a junior synonym of Eu. silvestris (Forsslund, 1957). Mihelčič’s description had been published prior to Forsslund’s work (the journal issue of the latter work was numbered by two different years as 1956 and 1957). Thus, according to article 23.1 of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Eu. granulatus should have priority over Eu. silvestris. Distribution. This is a widely distributed species in Europe and also is recorded from some regions of Asia. Reeves (1967) recorded this species in North America, but Behan-Pelletier (1993) considered that this record might have been based on a misidentification.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E64DFFFC3E76A4EEFCF4653C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium in size (544 – 580 m m); costulae short to medium long, relatively thick, nearly parallel or distinctly diverging anteriorly and posteriorly, transcostular ridge generally present, but rarely absent; sensilli medium long, slender, fusiform, smooth or with very fine and sparse barbs on its margin; interlamellar setae medium long, attenuate, very finely barbed; tubercle La large, one to three pairs of small tubercles situated just mediad of each tubercle La; 10 pairs of thin, finely barbed notogastral setae; five pairs of anal and adanal setae; postanal process U-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite subtriangular; genu III with seta d coupled with solenidion s. Measurements. Body length 544 – 580 (563) m m; length of notogaster 360 – 384 (370) m m; width of notogaster 296 – 332 (309) m m. Six specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour yellowish brown. Surface of body and leg segments with relatively thin granular cerotegument. Microtuberculate on prodorsal tubercles, lateral part of prodorsum and around leg acetabula. Notogaster and ventral plate weakly foveate, lateral part of prodorsum and pedotecta I and II more distinctly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but distinctly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, barbed, 40 – 50 m m long. Lamellar seta barbed, 62 – 68 m m long. Costula about 52 – 60 m m long, relatively thick, nearly parallel or distinctly diverging anteriorly and posteriorly. Transcostular ridge generally present, but rarely absent, minimum distance between costulae variable, shorter or longer than half costular length. Shape of costula variable (figures 9 A, 10 A, 11 A). Interlamellar setae 32 – 34 m m long, attenuate, very finely barbed, directed anterolaterad. Distance between bases of in – in greater than that of ro – ro. Exobothridial seta 28 – 32 m m in length, smooth, directed anterolaterad. Sensillus medium long (78 – 86 m m), slender, fusiform, smooth or with very fine and sparse barbs on its margin. Tubercle La large, situated posterior to bothridium. One to three pairs of small tubercles situated just mediad of each tubercle La (figures 9 A, 10 A, 11 A, C). Notogaster. Oval, distinctly widened posteriorly and narrowed toward anterior; about 1.2 times as long as wide; relatively flat in lateral view and slightly flattened anteriorly (figure 10 B). Anterior margin almost straight to slightly concave, posterior margin very broadly rounded in dorsal view. Humeral projection well developed. Ten pairs of medium long (70 – 80 m m), finely barbed notogastral setae; setae of ps series slightly shorter (55 – 60 m m) than others. One specimen with distinct alveoli of notogastral setae c, situated symmetrically between setae c. Opisthosomal gland 1 2 opening (gla) and lyrifissures ia, im, ih and ip well developed, ips not evident. Posteromarginal sclerite subtriangular (figures 9 A, 10 A, B, 11 A, D).	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E64DFFFC3E76A4EEFCF4653C.taxon	description	Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum slightly longer than wide, with a few microtubercles. Hypostomal setae h, a and m medium long, thin, smooth (figures 9 B, 11 B). Chelicera and palp normal for family, similar to those of E. hepaticus; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. Sejugal and II apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely and nearly parallel; apodeme III poorly developed or hardly evident. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 2 - 3 - 3, all setae smooth. Discidium rounded distally (figures 9 B, 11 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture widened anteriorly, longer than wide; anal aperture widened posteriorly. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, five pairs of anal and adanal setae. Adanal setae slightly longer and thicker than anal setae and conspicuously barbed. Postanal process U-shaped (figures 9 B, 11 B, D). Legs. Seta d present on genu III coupled with solenidion s; genua I, II and tibiae I – IV without setae d. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs typical for genus and similar to those of Eu. oblongus. Material examined. Holotype (female): Mt Ikh Ereen, Nature Reserve ‘ Gorhi Terelj’, District Erdene, Central Province, decaying wood in larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 48 ° 10 ∞ N, 107 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1820 m, 17 July 1996, Leg. B. Bayartogtokh; five paratypes (three females and two males) same data as holotype. The holotype and three paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Department of Zoology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia and two paratypes in the collection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan. All specimens are preserved in alcohol. Remarks. Eueremaeus tenuisensillatus sp. nov. is easily distinguishable from other species of Eueremaeus by the fusiform, slender and smooth or marginally very sparsely barbed sensilli. Most of the known species of Eueremaeus have sensilli that are distally distinctly expanded and densely barbed. Only Eu. granulatus described by Mihelčič (1955) from Spain, Eu. proximus by Berlese (1916) and Eu. michaeli by Behan-Pelletier (1993) from North America have slender or narrowly clavate sensilli. However, the clavate part of the sensilli of all these species has very dense and strong barbs in comparison with the smooth or marginally sparsely barbed sensilli in Eu. tenuisensillatus sp. nov. Moreover, all of these compared species differ from Eu. tenuisensillatus sp. nov. in the structure of costulae, prodorsal tubercles, anal and adanal regions. Etymology. The specific name ‘ tenuisensillatus ’ refers to the slender, fusiform and smooth or marginally very weakly barbed sensilli.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E649FFFE3E64A549FD4C62A3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium in size (576 – 600 m m); costulae long, closely adjacent, nearly parallel or slightly diverging posteriorly; transcostular ridge absent; sensilli medium long, expanded distally, with strong barbs; interlamellar setae long, strongly expanded distally, barbed; tubercles La absent; one pair of relatively large or a few pairs of very small tubercles present posteromediad of each bothridium; 10 pairs of relatively thick, barbed notogastral setae; five pairs of anal and adanal setae; all ventral setae distinctly barbed; postanal process V-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite subrectangular; genu III with seta d coupled with solenidion s. Measurements. Body length 576 – 600 (586) m m; length of notogaster 416 – 428 (423) m m; width of notogaster 301 – 308 (304) m m. Four specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour light yellowish brown. Surface of body and leg segments with very thin granular cerotegument. Microtuberculate in interlamellar region, lateral part of costulae and around leg acetabula. Notogaster and ventral plate weakly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but distinctly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, 42 – 50 m m long, barbed. Lamellar seta barbed, 52 – 58 m m in length, thicker than ro. Costula about 58 – 66 m m long, closely adjacent, nearly parallel, slightly diverging posteriorly. Shape of costula constant. Transcostular ridge absent. Minimum distance between costulae less than half costular length. Interlamellar seta 50 – 53 m m long, expanded distally, strongly barbed, directed anterolaterad. Distance between bases of in – in slightly greater than that of le – le. Exobothridial seta 18 – 22 m m long, thin, smooth. Sensillus medium long (92 – 110 m m), expanded distally, with strong barbs. Tubercles La absent; one pair of relatively large or a few pairs of very small tubercles present posteromediad of each bothridium (figure 12 A). Notogaster. Oval, slightly narrowed posteriorly, about 1.3 – 1.4 times as long as wide; relatively flat in lateral view and conspicuously flattened anteriorly (figure 12 C). Anterior margin broadly rounded, posterior margin narrowly rounded. Humeral projection well developed. Ten pairs of medium long (72 – 82 m m), barbed notogastral setae; posterior setae of ps series about 48 – 50 m m. Opisthosomal gland opening (gla) and lyrifissures ia, im, ip and ips well developed, ih not evident. Posteromarginal sclerite subrectangular (figure 12). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum slightly longer than wide, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal seta a relatively short, setae h and m long, all barbed (figure 12 B). Chelicera and palp normal for family, similar to those of E. hepaticus; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. Sejugal, II and III apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely and nearly parallel to each other. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 2 - 3 - 3, all setae distinctly barbed. Discidium rounded distally (figure 12 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture relatively long, narrow, slightly widened anteriorly, about 1.3 × as long as wide; anal aperture widened posteriorly, about 1.5 × as long as wide. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, five pairs of anal and adanal setae; all ano-genital setae barbed. Postanal process V-shaped (figure 12 B). Legs. Seta d present on genu III coupled with solenidion s; genua I, II and tibiae I – IV without setae d. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs typical for genus and similar to those of Eu. oblongus. Material examined. Holotype (female): Mt Zorgol Khairkhan, District Bayan- Unjuul, Central Province, mountain steppe (Stipa grandis + Cleistogenes soongorica), organic layer of soils, 46 ° 40 ∞ N, 105 ° 20 ∞ E, elevation 1740 m, 8 September 1991; one paratype (female): same data as holotype; two paratypes (males): Mt Ikh Gazryn Chuluu, District Gobi-Ugtaal, Middle Gobi Province, desert steppe (Caragana microphylla + Stipa glareosa), organic debris accumulated between rocks, 45 ° 50 ∞ N, 107 ° 10 ∞ E, elevation 1700 m, 15 September 1991, Leg. B. Bayartogtokh. The holotype and two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Department of Zoology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and one paratype in the collection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan. All specimens are preserved in alcohol. Remarks. Eueremaeus crassisetosus sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from most other species of Eueremaeus by the distally thickened and heavily barbed interlamellar setae. Most of the known species of Eueremaeus have distally distinctly tapered or acuminate interlamellar setae. Among them only Eueremaeus roissi described by Piffl (1965) from Pakistan and Eu. alvordensis, Eu. masinasin and Eu. osoyoosensis by Behan-Pelletier (1993) from North America have distally somewhat expanded and heavily barbed interlamellar setae. However, the Pakistani species, Eu. roissi is different from Eu. crassisetosus sp. nov. in the smooth epimeral, genital and anal setae; relatively thin and more finely barbed sensilli; and presence of setae d on tibiae II and IV. The North American species, Eu. masinasin is distinguishable from Eu. crassisetosus sp. nov. by its much shorter costulae; relatively short interlamellar setae; and presence of prodorsal tubercles La. Two other Nearctic species, Eu. alvordensis and Eu. osoyoosensis, differ from Eu. crassisetosus sp. nov. in the widely spaced and almost straight costulae; presence of only one pair of setae on epimeral region II; and presence of four pairs of adanal setae. Etymology. The specific name ‘ crassisetosus ’ refers to the distally expanded and strongly barbed interlamellar setae.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E64BFFF13E68A2B0FE5B649D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium to large (584 – 640 m m) in size; costulae long, thick, closely adjacent, nearly parallel, slightly diverging posteriorly; transcostular ridge absent or rarely very poorly developed; sensilli medium long, expanded distally, with strong barbs; interlamellar setae long, attenuate, barbed; prodorsum without distinct tubercles; 10 pairs of relatively thick, barbed notogastral setae; five pairs of distinctly barbed anal and adanal setae; postanal process relatively large, broadly V-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite subrectangular; genu III with seta d coupled with solenidion s. Measurements. Body length 584 – 640 (594) m m; length of notogaster 408 – 424 (429) m m; width notogaster 298 – 344 (323) m m. Six specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour yellowish to reddish brown. Surface of body and basal part of leg segments with relatively thick cerotegument. Microtuberculate on posterior part of prodorsum, interlamellar region, lateral part of costulae and around leg acetabula. Notogaster and ventral plate weakly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but distinctly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, 44 – 48 m m in length, barbed. Lamellar seta barbed, 53 – 62 m m long. Costula long (62 – 74 m m), thick, closely adjacent, nearly parallel, slightly diverging posteriorly. Shape of costula not variable. Transcostular ridge absent. Minimum distance between costulae much less than half costular length. Interlamellar seta relatively long (58 – 64 m m), barbed, directed anterolaterad. Distance between bases of in – in nearly as long as that of le – le. Exobothridial seta 23 – 30 m m long, thin, smooth. Sensillus 92 – 109 m m long, expanded distally, with strong barbs. Prodorsal tubercles absent (figure 13 A, C). Notogaster. Oval, about 1.2 – 1.3 times as long as wide; relatively flat in lateral view and conspicuously flattened anteriorly (figure 13 D). Anterior margin almost straight or slightly rounded, posterior margin broadly rounded in dorsal view. Humeral projection poorly developed. Ten pairs of relatively long (88 – 102 m m), thick, conspicuously barbed notogastral setae; setae of ps series shorter than others (52 – 56 m m). Opisthosomal gland opening and lyrifissures ia, im, ih, ip and ips well developed. Posteromarginal sclerite subrectangular (figure 13 A, B). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum slightly longer than wide, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal setae a, h and m relatively long, smooth (figure 13 B). Chelicera and palp normal for the family, similar to those of E. hepaticus; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. Sejugal, II and III apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 2 - 3 - 3, all setae long, smooth. Discidium rounded distally (figure 13 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture relatively small, nearly oval, slightly narrowed posteriorly, about 1.2 × as long as wide; anal aperture widened posteriorly, about 1.3 × as long as wide. Six pairs of genital, one pair of aggenital, five pairs of anal and five pairs of adanal setae. Setae of genital region smooth, but anal and adanal setae conspicuously barbed. Postanal process broadly V-shaped (figure 13 B). Legs. Seta d present on genu III coupled with solenidion s; genua I, II and tibiae I – IV without setae d. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs typical for genus and similar to those of Eu. oblongus. Material examined. Holotype (male): Mt Khustai, District Altanbulag, Central Province, litter of birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 47 ° 42 ∞ N, 106 ° 25 ∞ E, elevation 1680 m, 25 May 1998, Leg. B. Bayartogtokh; five paratypes (three males and two females): same data as holotype. The holotype and three paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Department of Zoology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and two paratypes in the collection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan. All specimens are preserved in alcohol. Remarks. Eueremaeus laticostulatus sp. nov. can be differentiated from most other species of Eueremaeus by its very long and thick costulae, and the absence of prodorsal tubercles. Most of the known species of Eueremaeus have relatively thin and short costulae, and at least one pair of prodorsal tubercles. Among the known species of this genus, only Eu. foveolatus described by Hammer (1952), Eu. proximus by Berlese (1916) both from North America and Eu. roissi (Piffl, 1965) from South Asia have somewhat long and thick costulae. However, the North American species Eu. foveolatus is different from Eu. laticostulatus sp. nov. in its short, thick, interlamellar setae; strongly foveate prodorsum, notogaster and ventral plate; more laterally situated rostral setae; presence of small tubercles posterior to bothridia; well-developed humeral projection; relatively small postanal process; and smooth setae of anal region. Another North American species, Eu. proximus, is distinguishable from Eu. laticostulatus sp. nov. by its much shorter interlamellar setae; crenulate outline of costulae; presence of two or three pairs of distinct tubercles posteromediad of bothridia; relatively small and broadly rounded postanal process; crenulated margin of ventral carina of femora I and II; and presence of proximoventral broad cusps on tibiae I and II. The Pakistani species Eu. roissi is different from Eu. laticostulatus sp. nov. in its thin, smooth notogastral and anal setae; relatively poorly expanded sensilli; and presence of setae d on tibiae II and IV. Etymology. The specific name ‘ laticostulatus ’ refers to the relatively thick and long costulae.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E644FFF63E78A4ABFD8D64BD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium-sized (520 – 592 m m) species with typical characters of Proteremaeus. Costulae long, relatively thick, widely spaced, nearly parallel; sensilli medium long, slightly expanded distally in distinctly barbed, narrowly clavate head; lamellar and interlamellar setae medium long, barbed; exobothridial setae short, thin, smooth; notogaster narrowing posteriorly; 10 pairs of thin, finely barbed notogastral setae; postanal process V-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite not evident; genua I – III and tibiae II and IV with setae d coupled with respective solenidia. Measurements. Body length 520 – 592 (547) m m; length of notogaster 344 – 368 (360) m m; width of notogaster 248 – 269 (256) m m. Eleven specimens were measured. Integument. Body colour reddish to deep reddish brown. Dorsal and ventral plates and leg segments with relatively thin granular cerotegument. Microtuberculate in interlamellar region, lateral part of lamellar costulae and around leg acetabula. Notogaster and ventral plate weakly foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum smoothly rounded in dorsal view, but slightly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, 44 – 50 m m long, barbed. Lamellar seta barbed, shorter and thinner than ro (30 – 34 m m). Costula 74 – 76 m m long, relatively thick, widely spaced, nearly parallel. Distance between costulae almost equal to or very slightly less than costular length. Interlamellar seta 38 – 40 m m long, barbed. Distance between bases of in – in less than that of le – le. Exobothridial seta about 19 – 21 m m long, thin, smooth. Sensillus 60 – 80 m m in length, slightly expanded distally in distinctly barbed and narrowly clavate head (figures 14 A, 16 A). Notogaster. Elongate oval, about 1.3 – 1.4 times as long as wide. Anterior margin nearly straight or slightly rounded, outline narrowed posteriorly. Humeral projection well developed. Ten pairs of medium long (34 – 42 m m), thin, finely barbed notogastral setae with small porose rings basally; setae of ps series nearly equal to or slightly shorter than other setae. Opisthosomal gland opening and lyrifissures ia, im, ih, ip and ips well developed. Posteromarginal sclerite not evident (figures 14 A, B, 16 B). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum almost as long as wide, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal setae a, h and m thin, smooth (figure 14 B). Chelicera and palp normal for genus, similar to those of P. jonasi Piffl; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. With many muscle sigillae. Sejugal, II and III apodemes well developed, aligned obliquely. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 1 - 3 - 3, all setae long, smooth. Discidium well developed, subtriangular, slightly pointed distally. Pedotectum I slightly projecting, pedotectum II bifurcate distally in dorso-ventral view (figure 14 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture nearly oval, about 1.2 × as long as wide; anal aperture widened posteriorly, about 1.4 × as long as wide. Ano-genital setae relatively short, smooth; anal and adanal setae with small porose rings basally. Postanal process relatively narrow, V-shaped (figures 14 B, 16 B). Legs. Measurements of leg segments given in table 4. Setae d present on genua I – III and tibiae II and IV, coupled with respective solenidia; seta d absent from tibia III. Femora I – IV and trochanters III and IV with large porose areas. Tarsi and tibiae I – IV with relatively small porose areas. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 4 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs I – IV as shown in figures 14 D, 15 A – C, 16 C, D. Material examined. Eight specimens: Mt Khustai, District Altanbulag, Central Province, litter of birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 47 ° 42 ∞ N, 106 ° 25 ∞ E, elevation 1680 m, 25 May 1998; two specimens: Mt Orog Yamaat, Nature Reserve ‘ Gorhi Terelj’, District Erdene, Central Province, decaying wood in birch forest (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev, 1911), 48 ° 10 ∞ N, 107 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1750 m, 21 July 1998; three specimens: Mt Bogd Khan, Central Province, 6 km south of Ulaanbaatar, litter of larch forest (Larix sibiricus Ledebour, 1833), 47 ° 55 ∞ N, 106 ° 30 ∞ E, elevation 1650 m, 26 March 1997, Leg. B. Bayartogtokh. Remarks. The original descriptions of two species, P. mongolicus and P. chadaevae by Golosova (1983) are insufficient for recognition and, therefore, it is difficult to diagnose them. Golosova (1983) illustrated only a dorsal view for each species and, according to the description and figures, the notogaster of P. mongolicus is longer and narrower than that of P. chadaevae. Also, some other differences can be found between these two species: e. g. lamellar and notogastral setae of P. mongolicus are distinctly barbed as opposed to the smooth setae in P. chadaevae; notogaster distinctly narrowed posteriorly as opposed to the widened and inwardly curved posterior margin in P. chadaevae; presence of distinct transverse ridge-like structures anterior and posterior to the insertions of setae le as opposed to absence of such structures in P. chadaevae. According to the features treated by Golosova (1983), the present material seems conspecific with P. mongolicus, because most characters are similar in the specimens studied here. However, some characters of the present material are not congruent with Golosova’s description. In the descriptions of both P. mongolicus and P. chadaevae, Golosova (1983) showed distinct ridges outside the costulae, i. e. along lateral and anterior margins of the prodorsum, but the text did not mention these. These ridges are probably artifacts of the observation, due to a change in contour, e. g. a swelling on the prodorsum. Reinvestigation is necessary. Also, she illustrated two transverse ridges on the prodorsum of P. mongolicus, one situated anterior to the costulae and the other posterior to the insertions of the lamellar setae. The posterior ridge looks more strongly developed than the anterior, and was illustrated by two parallel solid lines. I am not convinced this is a real structure, because no other known species of Proteremaeus show a transverse ridge posterior to the insertions of the lamellar setae. Further study of this structure is also needed. As mentioned above, the type localities of this and the other species described by Golosova (1983) are uncertain. In the description of P. mongolicus, she mentioned that (in Russian) ‘ One female (holotype), in larch forest, mouth ‘ El’, 6. VII. 1971 (Z. V. Chadaeva) ’. On the basis of these brief data, I supposed that the type locality of this species is Mouth ‘ Yol’ in Mt Gurvan Saikhan, District Bayandalai, South Gobi Province. This is a dry desert area in the southern part of Mongolia, but there is no larch forest. I have a small number of collections from this locality, but they contain no species of Proteremaeus. Concerning the other species P. chadaevae, Golosova wrote (in Russian) ‘ one male (holotype), in the soil under grasses (East Khangai) 6. VII. 1971 (Z. V. Chadaeva) ’. These data are inexact because ‘ Khangai’ is a very large mountainous area in the central part of Mongolia, and there is no standard division, like East Khangai. In spite of these unclear data, I suspect that Z. V. Chadaeva (a participant of the Russian and Mongolian Joint Biological Expedition, initiated in 1970) might have collected her samples from a field research site situated in the territory of District Tuvshruuleh, Province Arkhangai (East Khangai is the unofficial name for this area used by Russian researchers). I have not yet collected samples from this area. Thus, no material of this species was available for the present study. Moreover, the date of collections given in Golosova’s work seems to be incorrect, because the Khangai and South Gobi areas are situated very far from each other (at least 400 km), and there is little possibility that collections from these two localities were taken within the same day. Distribution. Known from cool temperate forests and grassland habitats in Central Mongolia.	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
6C3CB436E643FFCB3E08A4CEFB776449.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium in size (512 – 552 m m); costulae long, relatively thin, widely spaced, nearly parallel or slightly diverging posteriorly; no transverse ridge anterior to costulae; sensilli relatively short, expanded distally into distinctly barbed clavate head; lamellar setae thin, smooth; interlamellar setae barbed; exobothridial setae short, thin, smooth; notogaster relatively wide, slightly narrowed posteriorly; 10 pairs of thin, smooth notogastral setae; postanal process V-shaped; posteromarginal sclerite not evident; genu and tibia III with setae d, coupled with respective solenidia s and Q. Measurements. Body length 512 – 552 (536) m m; length of notogaster 344 – 352 (348) m m; width of notogaster 288 – 304 (293) m m. Integument. Body colour yellowish to light yellowish brown. Dorsal and ventral plates and leg segments with relatively thin granular cerotegument. Microtuberculate on interlamellar region, lateral part of costulae and around leg acetabula. Notogaster distinctly punctate-foveate. Prodorsum. Rostrum smoothly rounded in dorsal view, but very slightly projecting anteroventrally in lateral view. Rostral seta thin, barbed, 52 – 56 m m long. Lamellar seta smooth, 30 - 36 m m long. Costula 70 – 82 m m long, relatively thin, nearly parallel or slightly diverging posteriorly. Transverse ridge anterior to costulae absent. Distance between costulae almost equal to costular length. Interlamellar seta 37 – 40 m m long, barbed. Setae le and in with small porose rings basally. Exobothridial seta 18 – 21 m m long, thin, smooth. Sensillus medium long (54 – 58 m m), expanded distally into distinctly barbed, clavate head (figures 17 A, 19 A, B). Notogaster. Oval, about 1.2 times as long as wide. Anterior margin slightly rounded, posterior margin very slightly tapered. Humeral projection well developed. Ten pairs of medium long (36 – 40 m m), thin, smooth notogastral setae with small porose rings basally; setae of ps series slightly shorter than others. Posteromarginal sclerite not evident (figures 17 A, C, D, 19 C). Gnathosoma. Infracapitular mentum wider than long, without noticeable microtubercles. Hypostomal setae a and h medium long, thin, very finely barbed, seta m thicker and almost twice as long as a and h, with more strong barbs (figures 17 B, 19 D). Chelicera and palp normal for the genus; palpal setation: 0 - 2 - 1 - 3 - 9 (1). Epimeral region. Sejugal, II and III apodemes well developed. Epimeral setal formula 3 - 1 - 3 - 3, all setae relatively short, smooth. Discidium well developed, subtriangular, distinctly projecting distally (figure 17 B). Ano-genital region. Genital aperture relatively small, about 1.2 × as long as wide; anal aperture about 1.3 × as long as wide. Ano-genital setae short, smooth; anal and adanal setae with small porose ring basally (figures 17 B, C). Postanal process relatively narrow, V-shaped (figures 17 C, 19 C). Legs. Measurements of leg segments given in table 5. Setae d present on genu and tibia III coupled with respective solenidia s and Q; setae d absent from genua I, II and tibiae I, II and IV. Femora I – IV and trochanters III and IV with large porose areas. Tarsi and tibiae I – IV with relatively small porose areas. Femora I – IV and trochanter IV with distinct areolae. Formula of leg setation (including famulus) I (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 19), II (1 - 5 - 3 - 4 - 17), III (2 - 3 - 2 - 4 - 15); IV (1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 12); formula of solenidia: I (1 - 2 - 2); II (1 - 1 - 2); III (1 - 1 - 0); IV (0 - 1 - 0). Structure and setation of legs I – IV as shown in figure 18. Material examined. Fourteen specimens: Mt Ikh Gazryn Chuluu, District Gobi- Ugtaal, Middle Gobi Province, desert steppe (Caragana microphylla + Stipa glareosa), organic debris accumulated between rocks, 45 ° 50 ∞ N, 107 ° 10 ∞ E, elevation 1700 m, 15 September 1991; one specimen: Mt Zorgol Khairkhan, District Bayan-Unjuul, Central Province, mountain steppe (Stipa grandis + Cleistogenes soongorica), organic layer of soils, 46 ° 40 ∞ N, 105 ° 20 ∞ E, elevation 1740 m, 8 September 1991, Leg. B. Bayartogtokh. Remarks. The character states of the present material accord well with those of the type specimens, and some supplementary characters are given in this redescription. Adults of this species are very similar to those of P. mongolicus and P. chadaevae; differences between them are indicated by Bayartogtokh (2000). In addition, two species examined here are different from each other in setation of legs, type of notogastral setae, shape of sensilli and notogaster. Further collecting is needed for comparative studies of immature stages and population variability of these closely related species. Distribution. Known from dry mountain steppe and semi-desert habitats in central and southern Mongolia. Key to adults of Mongolian Eremaeidae 1 Lamellar setae inserted on prodorsum, anterolaterad of costulae; five or more pairs of anal and adanal setae .................. 2 – Lamellar setae inserted on costulae; two pairs of anal and three pairs of adanal setae 7 2 Ventral plate without postanal process; 11 pairs of notogastral setae (figures 1 – 4) .. ................ Eremaeus hepaticus C. L. Koch – Ventral plate with postanal process; 10 pairs of notogastral setae ...... 3 3 Interlamellar setae expanded distally; all ventral setae barbed (figure 12) ..... ............... Eueremaeus crassisetosus sp. nov. – Interlamellar setae attenuate; ventral setae mostly smooth, rarely only anal and adanal setae barbed .................... 4 4 Tubercles La absent; lamellar costulae long, thick, closely adjacent (figure 13) ... ................. Eu. laticostulatus sp. nov. – Tubercles La present; lamellar costulae relatively short, thin, situated far apart .. 5 5 Sensilli clavate, distinctly expanded distally in its barbed portion; interlamellar setae short, smooth; prodorsum with two pairs of large tubercles, including La (figures 5 – 7) ................. Eu. oblongus (C. L. Koch) – Sensilli thin, fusiform or very slightly expanded distally in their barbed portion; interlamellar setae long, barbed; prodorsum with only one pair of large tubercles La. 6 6 Sensilli relatively short, fusiform, smooth or with very fine and sparse barbs on their margin; adanal setae distinctly barbed (figures 9 – 11) .. Eu. tenuisensillatus sp. nov. – Sensilli relatively long, slightly expanded distally, with strong barbs on their distal half; adanal setae smooth (figure 8) ........ Eu. granulatus (Mihelčič) 7 Notogaster distinctly widened posteriorly, its posterior margin conspicuously curved inward ............. Proteremaeus chadaevae Golosova – Notogaster distinctly narrowed posteriorly, its posterior margin more or less pointed. 8 8 Notogaster narrow; notogastral setae finely barbed; sensilli weakly clavate; genua I – III and tibiae II, IV each with seta d, coupled with respective solenidia (figures 14 – 16) ................... P. mongolicus (Golosova) – Notogaster wide; notogastral setae smooth; sensilli strongly clavate; only genu III and tibia III with seta d; genua I, II and tibiae II, IV without setae d (figures 17 – 19) .................... P. punctulatus Bayartogtokh	en	Badamdorj (2003): The soil mite family Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) in Mongolia, with remarks on distribution and diversity of known genera. Journal of Natural History 37: 1571-1610
