taxonID	type	description	language	source
7344C8090F5AFF8EFCDA71FA8E25FA9B.taxon	description	Zoobank LSID. http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 80 AB 03 F 2 - 0 DAD- 4205 - 9831 - B 8 F 30 D 3 D 0757	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
7344C8090F5AFF8EFCDA71FA8E25FA9B.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Arcturus serrulatus Whitelegge, 1904, by monotypy and original designation (masculine).	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
7344C8090F5AFF8EFCDA71FA8E25FA9B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body weakly geniculate between pereonites 4 and 5, anterior pereon slightly elevated. Head with pair of submedian spines between eyes; pereonites with supracoxal spines on all pereonites, with paired sublateral tubercles, without paired submedian spines, without middorsal spines; pleonite 1 fused to remaining pleotelson; pleotelson with 2 middorsal tubercles near apex, without paired submedian spines, with pairs of sublateral tubercles, with marginal lateral projections, without prominent paired posterior sublateral spines more dominant than other spines, without prominent medial posterior spine dorsal to margin. Antennal flagellum of 2 articles, first about third as long as peduncle article 5, second quarter length of first. Pereopods 2 – 4 with regular row of long setae along flexor margins of merus-propodus, second row on mesial face. Pereopods 2 – 4 unguis short, curved. Pleopod 1 of male exopod groove opening distolaterally on margin, scarcely produced at opening. Pleopod 2 of male, appendix masculina acute, at least 1.5 times as long as endopod. Uropod without exopod. Oostegites 2 – 4 supported by ventral coxal processes, largest on pereonite 4; oostegite 5 absent, without ventral coxal processes.	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
7344C8090F5AFF8EFCDA71FA8E25FA9B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. For Herbert Mathew Hale (1895 – 1963) whose contributions significantly expanded knowledge of marine isopods in southern Australia, combined with Arcturus, a commonly used genus stem.	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
7344C8090F5AFF8EFCDA71FA8E25FA9B.taxon	discussion	Composition. Type species only. Remarks. Several characters set this genus and its only species apart from other antarcturids. Halearcturus serrulatus is unique in the family in having an antennal flagellum of one major article plus a short curved tapering second article; all other genera have either three or four articles, or about nine of similar lengths, plus a terminal one. The genus is unusual in lacking a uropodal exopod but may not be unique in this regard. The exopod is absent also in ‘ Microarcturus’ digitatus Nordenstam, 1933, now accepted as Mixarcturus digitatus (Nordenstam, 1933) (Poore, 2003), but not in M. abnormis (Kussakin, 1967), type species of the genus. The exopod was said to be absent in Antarcturus usitatus Schultz, 1978 although it is present in all other species of the genus. Halearcturus has unique complex ornamentation of plate-like tubercles and lacks both a strong medial posterior spine and a pair of prominent sublateral spines on the pleotelson. Abyssarcturus Kussakin & Vasina, 1995, Globarcturus Kussakin & Vasina, 1994 and Tuberarcturus Brandt, 1990 (and some members of the loosely defined Fissarcturus Brandt, 1990) share this pleotelsonic spination but all three have very different patterns of body ornamentation. Abyssarcturus and Globarcturus lack pigmented eyes and have a 4 - articled antennal flagellum. Abyssarcturus has a setiform unguis on pereopods 2 – 4. Tuberarcturus has middorsal tubercles on the posterior margins of pereonites 1 – 4 and a 9 - articled antennal flagellum. Spinarcturus Kensley, 1978 and Thermoarcturus Paul & Menzies, 1971 have simple pleotelsonic sculpture but both genera (one species each) are covered with a mat of fine setae and lack the pairs of long ‘ filter-setae’ on pereopods 2 – 4 (Wägele, 1987) which are usual in Antarcturidae.	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
7344C8090F59FF88FF67703C8C83FEA6.taxon	description	Fig. 1	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
7344C8090F59FF88FF67703C8C83FEA6.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Australia, NSW, off Wattamolla [as Wata Mooli], 99 – 108 m (HMCS Thetis stn 57) (type material lost). Figured specimens. Bass Strait, 70 km SW of Cape Otway, 39 ° 26.60 ' S, 143 ° 6.8 ' E, 115 m, NMV J 8593 (male, 6.7 mm). 8 km S of South East Point, Wilsons Promontory, 39 ° 13.80 ' S, 146 ° 27.3 ' E, 65 m, NMV J 62821 (ovigerous female, 10.0 mm). Other material examined. NSW, off mouth of Manning River, 31 ° 55 ' S, 152 ° 52 ' E, AM P. 11752. 25 – 28 km NE of South Head, Port Jackson, 33 ° 44 ' S, 151 ° 38 ' E, AM P. 11671. Jervis Bay, 35 ° 3 ' S, 150 ° 44 ' E, AM G. 940. 22.4 km off Batemans Bay, 35 ° 45 ' S, 150 ° 30 ' E, AM P. 10715. Bass Strait, Western Port and E of Tasmania: 43 specimens from Museum Victoria collections (see http: // museumvictoria. com. au / collections-research / our-collections /). Redescription. Ovigerous female, 10.0 mm. Head front, concave; with pair of anteriorly-directed curved blade-like projection between eyes; pair of tuberculate submedian bosses and pairs of small dorsolateral and lateral lobes on maxillipedal segment. Pereonites 1 – 4 each with pair of prominent submedian anteriorly-curved, hook-like projections, pair of smaller conical projections near posterior margin, pair of lateral anteriorly-directed projections each with small conical boss on anterior margin (lateral projection small on pereonite 1). Pereonites 5 – 7 each with pair of lateral flat-topped projections and much smaller cone near posterior margin. Pleonite 1 with pair of lateral posteriorly-directed. Pleonite 2 with pair of strong dorsolateral conical projections and smaller lateral posteriorly-directed cones. Pleonite 3 with low median boss, pair of smaller dorsolateral cones, pair of lateral wings directed posteriorly. Pleonites 4 – 6 and telson with 4 pairs of submedian conical tubercles, fourth largest, 3 sublateral conical tubercles, second largest, 3 pairs of lateral triangular tubercles, 1 median tubercles in front of apex, and apex with 1 dorsal median tubercle. Coxa 1 fused to pereonite, with 3 triangular flat lobes. Coxae 2 – 4 free, each with 2 anterior and 2 posterior triangular flat lobes, the most posterior on pereopod 4 elongated as oostegite support. Coxae 5 – 7 fused, with lateral flat-topped tubercles and anterior and posterior triangular lobes. Antennule flagellum blade-like, toothed; flagellum with 8 pairs of aesthetascs + 3 single subdistal aesthetascs. Antennal peduncle articles 2 – 4 laterally flattened, with teeth on upper margin. Pereopod 2 basis with 2 teeth each on extensor and flexor margins; merus with small tooth at midpoint and large distal blade-like tooth on extensor margin; carpus with blade-like tooth at midpoint of extensor margin; propodus with 4 small teeth on extensor margin; dactylus with 2 small teeth on extensor margin, with short unguis. Pereopod 3 basis with 3 teeth on extensor and 6 on flexor margins; merus with distal blade-like tooth on extensor margin and small tooth on flexor margin; carpus with 2 blade-like teeth on extensor margin, small spine on flexor margin; propodus and dactylus as in pereopod 2. Pereopod 4 basis with 4 spines on extensor and 10 spines on flexor margin, irregularly arranged; ischium with spines on flexor margin; merus with distal blade-like tooth on extensor margin and small tooth on flexor margin; carpus with 2 blade-like teeth on extensor margin, small spine on flexor margin; propodus and dactylus as in pereopod 2. Pereopod 5 with 4 tubercles on extensor margin, 3 on flexor margin; ischium irregularly tuberculate; merus and carpus each with 2 robust setae on conical projection on margin; propodus with 5 robust setae on conical projection on margin; dactylus curved. Pereopods 6 and 7 similar, less ornate, bases shorter. Uropodal peduncle with 2 longitudinal-oblique rows of tubercles, 3 in row next to suture, 5 larger in midline; endopod triangular; exopod absent. Sternite 8 simple flat, without oostegite. Male, 6.7 mm. Body more slender than ovigerous female, as typical of Antarcturidae. Head with pair of blade-like horns between eyes, each with acute tip and small acute point on anterior margin; pair of large submedian hemispherical bosses. Pereonites 2 – 4 each with pair of sublateral hook-like anteriorly-directed tubercles, pair of small tubercles near posterior lateral margin, pair of lateral marginal flat triangular lobes, directed anteriorly. Pereonites 5 – 7 each with pair of lateral conical tubercles. Pleonite 1 with pair of small lateral tubercles, with pair of sharp conical tubercles on sternum anterior to pleopods 1. Pleonite 2 with pair of large sublateral tubercles. Pleonite 3 with median boss. Remaining pleotelson with 2 pairs of obsolete submedian tubercles, 3 pairs of sublateral tubercles, second largest, 3 pairs of lateral wings, first largest, 1 median tubercles in front of apex, and apex with 1 dorsal median tubercle. Coxae 1 – 4 unarmed. Coxae 5 – 7 each with obsolete anterior and posterior lateral tubercles. Pereopod 2 merus with blade-like tooth on extensor margin; carpus with 2 blade-like teeth on extensor margin; propodus with 3 teeth on extensor margin; dactylus with 2 teeth on extensor margin. Pereopods 3 and 4 similar: basis with small marginal teeth; ischium with small tooth on flexor margin; merus with 1 blade-like tooth on extensor margin; carpus with 2 blade-like teeth on extensor margin, small spine on flexor margin; propodus and dactylus as in pereopod 2. Pereopods 5 – 7 similar: basis with irregular teeth; merus and carpus each with 2 robust setae on conical projection on margin; propodus with 4 robust setae on conical projection on margin; dactylus curved. Pleopod 1 exopod with oblique groove opening laterally at about 90 % of length, opening surrounded by dense setation, most distal part lamellar. Pleopod 2 endopod with tapering simple appendix masculina curving anteriorly, 1.6 times length of endopod. Uropodal peduncle with 2 longitudinal-oblique rows of tubercles, 3 in row next to suture, 3 larger in midline. Colour. Pale with small brown lateral spot on each segment of pereon and pleon and pereopodal coxa, 1 or 2 on each pereopodal basis, ischium, merus and carpus, 2 on uropod. Size (total length). Largest male, 6.7 mm; largest ovigerous female, 10.0 mm. Distribution. Southeastern coast of Australia and eastern Bass Strait, 32 ° S – 43 ° S. Remarks. The two syntypes are lost (Springthorpe and Lowry, 1994). Nevertheless, Whitelegge’s (1904) description and his few drawings can be interpreted and reconciled with the abundant available material – the species is unmistakable and common in collections on the shelf of southeastern Australia. Sampling on the NSW shelf has been intensive, especially in the 1970 s – 1980 s and no other antarcturid matches his description. Hale’s (1946) description and more complete illustrations of material from Bass Strait are similarly unmistakable. His habitus drawing is reproduced here. The redescription above is limited to the body armature and to those features important in differentiation of antarcturid genera: antenna, pereopodal dactyli, male pleopods 1 and 2, female sternite 8 and the uropod. Both Whitelegge and Hale illustrated and described ovigerous females. The diagnostic ornamentation can be discerned in a reduced form in specimens of all sizes.	en	Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Halearcturus, a new genus of Antarcturidae Poore, 2001 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera) with a key to genera of the family. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 13-18, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.02
