identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
735A87F24165FF8CFF26FAC2F7E0FF68.text	735A87F24165FF8CFF26FAC2F7E0FF68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Linaria becerrae Blanca, Cueto & J. Fuentes 2017	<div><p>Linaria becerrae Blanca, Cueto &amp; J. Fuentes, sp. nov. (Fig. 1A− B)</p> <p>− Linaria salzmannii auct., non Boissier (1841: 456)</p> <p>Type:— SPAIN. Málaga: Ardales, El Chorro, near Iglesia Rupestre and Portezuelos, 450 m elevation, 2 March 2016, G. Blanca, M. Becerra &amp; J. Fuentes (holotype: GDA 62532!).</p> <p>Diagnosis:—It differs from Linaria salzmannii Boiss. in having calyx lobes shorter (up to 3.5 mm); corolla smaller [(12−) 13−15 mm, spur excluded], upper lip shorter (up to 9 mm), and spur longer (14−16 mm) and straight; corolla uniformly and intensely violet, excepting the yellow palate, with hardly visible veins.</p> <p>Description:—Annual herb. Stems thin, often simple or slightly branched; fertile stems 5−15 cm long, arcuateascending, sparsely leafy, bare below the inflorescence, glabrous except the inflorescence, which is glandular-pubescent; sterile stems shorter (up to 7 cm) and more numerous, pubescent. Leaves on fertile stems up to 20 × 1 mm, alternate, linear; those on sterile stems up to 9 × 1.4 mm, 3−4 whorled, oblanceolate. Racemes short, corymbiform, dense, pauciflorous, glandular-pubescent. Bracts 2.5–3 mm long, linear-lanceolate. Pedicels c. 3 mm long, erect, mostly adnate to the axis of the inflorescence, as long as the bracts, slightly longer at fruiting, glandular-pubescent. Calyx 4−5 mm, with lobes up to 3.5 × 0.5−0.9 mm, fused at the base, linear-oblanceolate, glandular-pubescent on margins. Corolla personate, spurred, up to 30 mm long (spur included), or (12−) 13−15 mm (spur excluded), uniformly and intensely violet, excepting the yellow palate, with hardly visible veins; tube as long as the calyx; upper lip up to 9 mm long, bilobate, with a slit of ca. 3 mm; spur 14−16 mm long, somewhat longer than the rest of the corolla, narrowly conical, straight, violet. Capsule 2.5−3 mm, shorter than the calyx, broadly ellipsoid, apex bilobate; style 4−5 mm long, persistent, apex bifid. Seeds 0.6−0.7 mm, wingless, with deep transverse and slightly sinuous crests, black in colour.</p> <p>Eponymy:— The specific epithet honours Manuel Becerra, who encouraged our study of the Linaria populations from Málaga province, as he himself had already noticed the differences between the new species and L. salzmannii.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Linaria becerrae is a species endemic to southern peninsular Spain, restricted to western Málaga province. It grows exclusively on sandy substrates from the decomposition of molasse (conglomerates and detritic sandstones), forming part of communities of ephemeral annual herbs, near the locality El Chorro.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— SPAIN. Málaga: Álora, Mesas de Villaverde, 28 April 1983, Ladero, Navarro, Valdés Franzi &amp; González (MA 330533!); Álora, próx. Pantano del Chorro, 29 April 1981, Pérez Raya &amp; Molero Mesa (GDA 12941!); Álora, Sierra del Agua, mesa de Villaverde, arenas miocenas, 30 April 1977, Fuertes, Ladero &amp; G. López (GDA 8670!, MA 330541!); Ardales, cruce con Bobastro, 260 m, 26 March 1993, B. Cabezudo, A. Flores &amp; P. Navas (MGC 35995!); Ardales, mesa de Villaverde, antigua ciudad de Bobastro, calcarenitas, 600 m, 15 March 2013, B. Soriguer &amp; F. Soriguer (MGC 76334!); Ardales, Monte Almorchón, 11 June 1930, L. Ceballos &amp; C. Vicioso (MA 109353!); Ardales, Paraje Natural Desfiladero de los Gaitanes, Sierra del Almorchón, carretera MA-444, poco antes del cruce a Bobastro, 300 m, 15 March 2013, B. Soriguer &amp; F. Soriguer (MGC 76342!); Ardales, Sierra del Almorchón, cerro por encima del arroyo Granado, 300 m, 15 March 2013, B. Soriguer &amp; F. Soriguer (MGC 76351!); Ardales, Sierra de la Pizarra, 16 June 1993, A. V. Pérez Latorre &amp; P. Navas (MGC 36088!); El Chorro, 17 April 1982, E. Rico (MA 330539!); El Chorro, areniscas, 14 April 1969, P. Gibbs, S. Silvestre &amp; B. Valdés (MA 194849!, MA 423605!); El Chorro, Sierra de Almorchón, 300 m, 17 April 2009, M. Fernández-Mazuecos &amp; J. Ramírez (MA 876043!); Pantano del Chorro, Desfiladero de los Gaitanes, areniscas miocenas, 23 March 1978, E. Fuertes (GDA 8863!, MA 213612!, MA 333297!); Paraje Natural Desfiladero de los Gaitanes, desde la Fuente del Carrizo a los altos de Cuevas Pardas, 450 m, calcarenitas, 12 April 2013, B. Cabezudo, J. García-Sánchez &amp; F. Soriguer (MGC 76679!); Pizarra, Hacho de Pizarra, carril de subida al Santo, roquedos y laderas rocosas sobre molasas, 190 m, 30 March 2006, B. Cabezudo, A. V. Pérez Latorre, G. Caballero, F. C. Soriguer &amp; O. Gavira (MGC 66104!); Sierra de Pizarra, proximidades de Bobastro, 3 June 2008, B. Díez Garretas &amp; A. Asensi (MGC 68794!).</p> <p>Taxonomic discussion:— The main differences between Linaria becerrae and its closest relatives inhabiting southern Spain are shown in Table 1, and are easily visualised in Fig. 1. The newly described species is mainly distinguished by the combination of two characteristics: corolla uniformly and intensely violet (excepting the yellow palate), and spur 14-16 mm long, somewhat longer than the rest of the corolla. Conversely, L. salzmannii (Fig. 1C), the species to which the populations of L. becerrae were referred, can be well distinguished from the latter by its calyx lobes longer (5−6 mm), corolla larger (14−16 mm, spur excluded), upper lip longer (up to 12 mm), and spur shorter (up to 10 mm), much shorter than the rest of the corolla and often ± curved, the entire corolla yellow to pale violet, excepting the yellow palate, but with marked darker veins. Besides its morphology, L. becerrae is also distinguished from the true L. salzmannii by its ecological behaviour, as the latter inhabits dolomite sands (not sandy molasses).</p> <p>An additional issue concerns to L. salzmannii var. flava Boiss., a taxon that has been considered by different authors (Sutton 1988, Sáez &amp; Bernal 2008, Sáez &amp; Sainz 2011, among others) to deserve subspecific rank as L. viscosa subsp. spicata (Kunze) Sutton (1988: 436) [≡ L. spicata Kunze (1846: 645)]. However, both taxa are undoubtedly synonymous, since they show the same main characteristics, and the type locality mentioned by Boissier for L. salzmannii var. flava Boiss. (see above) coincides with that indicated by Kunze for L. spicata Kunze: “Sierra Nevada, in latere australi ad rivulos regions alpinae”. This taxon occurs in southern Spain, from eastern Malaga and Granada to Jaén and Albacete provinces (Sáez &amp; Bernal 2008; Appendix 1), and individuals with yellow flowers and pale-violet flowers (and even with bicoloured corollas) are found even in a single population (Sáez pers. comm.). Furthermore, in agreement with the molecular results of Fernández-Mazuecos &amp; Vargas (2015), those yellow-flowered and violet-flowered plants usually referred to as L. viscosa subsp. spicata (Kunze) D.A.Sutton, and not differing in other morphological features of the corolla, indeed belong to a single species (perhaps as mere varieties) to which the name L. salzmannii is to be applied.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/735A87F24165FF8CFF26FAC2F7E0FF68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Blanca, Gabriel;Cueto, Miguel;Fuentes, Julián	Blanca, Gabriel, Cueto, Miguel, Fuentes, Julián (2017): Linaria becerrae (Plantaginaceae), a new endemic species from the southern Spain, and remarks on what Linaria salzmannii is and is not. Phytotaxa 298 (3): 261-268, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5
735A87F24160FF8CFF26FB96F2A9F8EF.text	735A87F24160FF8CFF26FB96F2A9F8EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Linaria (sect. Versicolores) (Bentham 1846) Wettstein 1895	<div><p>Key for the Iberian species of Linaria section Versicolores</p> <p>The following identification key is partially based on Sáez &amp; Bernal (2008), to which the names L. becerrae and L. salzmannii have been added or conveniently applied.</p> <p>1. Style emarginate at the apex [Subsect. Elegantes (Viano) D.A.Sutton]........................................................................................... 2</p> <p>- Style clearly bilobate to bifid [Subsect. Versicolores Benth.].......................................................................................................... 3</p> <p>2. Stems fertile 15−45 cm; sepals 0.4−0.8 mm wide at anthesis, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate......................................... L. elegans</p> <p>- Stems fertile 6−20 cm; sepals 0.7−1.2 mm wide at anthesis, oblong-lanceolate........................................................... L. nigricans</p> <p>3. Seeds smooth............................................................................................................................................................. L. pedunculata</p> <p>- Seeds with deep transverse crests..................................................................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>4. Perennial herb, with stems erect.................................................................................................................................... L. clementei</p> <p>- Annual herb, with stems decumbent, ascendant to erect.................................................................................................................. 5</p> <p>5. Corolla violet, purple or pinkish, with yellow palate....................................................................................................................... 6</p> <p>- Corolla yellow or yellowish-white, sometimes with a violet spur................................................................................................. 10</p> <p>6. Pedicels ± adnate in his basal part to the inflorescence axis............................................................................................................ 7</p> <p>- Pedicels not adnate to the inflorescence axis................................................................................................................................... 8</p> <p>7. Corolla with clearly visible darker veins; spur 7−10 mm long, ± curved, much shorter than the rest of the corolla.. L. salzmannii</p> <p>- Corolla with hardly visible venation; spur 14−16 mm long, straight, somewhat longer than the rest of the corolla..... L. becerrae</p> <p>8. Fertile stems decumbent to ascendant......................................................................................................................... L. algarviana</p> <p>- Fertile stems erect............................................................................................................................................................................. 9</p> <p>9. Inflorescence densely glandular-pubescent; seeds subtrigonous................................................................................... L. incarnata</p> <p>- Inflorescence glabrescent to sparsely hairy; seeds reniform......................................................................................... L. onubensis</p> <p>10. Corolla yellowish-white with violet spur; upper locule of the capsule clearly more developed than the lower one.. L. gharbensis</p> <p>- Corolla uniformly yellowish; upper locule of the capsule equally or slightly more developed than the lower one...................... 11</p> <p>11. Inflorescence lax, glabrous or sparsely hairy.................................................................................................................... L. spartea</p> <p>- Inflorescence dense, corymbiform at anthesis, generally densely glandular-pubescent................................................................ 12</p> <p>12. Pedicels ± adnate in his basal part to the inflorescence axis; calyx lobes 0.4−0.9 mm wide...................................... L. salzmannii</p> <p>- Pedicels not adnate to the inflorescence axis; calyx lobes 0.9−1.8 mm wide................................................................... L. viscosa</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/735A87F24160FF8CFF26FB96F2A9F8EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Blanca, Gabriel;Cueto, Miguel;Fuentes, Julián	Blanca, Gabriel, Cueto, Miguel, Fuentes, Julián (2017): Linaria becerrae (Plantaginaceae), a new endemic species from the southern Spain, and remarks on what Linaria salzmannii is and is not. Phytotaxa 298 (3): 261-268, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5
735A87F24160FF8CFF26FEE0F27BFCA8.text	735A87F24160FF8CFF26FEE0F27BFCA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Linaria spartea	<div><p>Linaria spartea (L.) Chazelles (1790: 38) ≡ Antirrhinum sparteum Linnaeus (1753: 1197) [Fig. 1D]</p> <p>Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Hispania. Loefling”</p> <p>Lectotypus (designated by Viano 1978: 51): LINN 767.20 [digital image!]</p> <p>Distribution: Iberian Peninsula and southern France</p> <p>Linaria salzmannii Boissier (1841: 456) [Fig. 1C] ≡ Linaria salzmannii var. violacea Boissier (1841: 456); = L. salzmannii var. flava Boissier (1841: 456); = L. spicata Kunze (1846: 645) ≡ L. viscosa subsp. spicata (Kunze) Sutton (1988: 436)</p> <p>Ind. loc.: “Varietas α crescit in arenosis regionis montanae, in provinciâ Malacitanâ Salzmann [sic, this locality corresponds indeed to L. becerrae], in viâ à Granada ad pagum Guejar. Alt. circ. 3500′”</p> <p>Lectotypus (designated by Burdet et al. 1990: 618): G-BOIS [digital image!]</p> <p>Distribution: Endemic to southeastern Spain (from eastern Málaga and Granada to Albacete and Jaén provinces).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/735A87F24160FF8CFF26FEE0F27BFCA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Blanca, Gabriel;Cueto, Miguel;Fuentes, Julián	Blanca, Gabriel, Cueto, Miguel, Fuentes, Julián (2017): Linaria becerrae (Plantaginaceae), a new endemic species from the southern Spain, and remarks on what Linaria salzmannii is and is not. Phytotaxa 298 (3): 261-268, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5
735A87F24160FF8CFF26FCDCF583FC64.text	735A87F24160FF8CFF26FCDCF583FC64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Linaria viscosa	<div><p>Linaria viscosa (L.) Chazelles (1790: 39) ≡ Antirrhinum viscosum Linnaeus (1756: 21) [Fig. 1E]</p> <p>Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Hispania”</p> <p>Lectotypus (designated by D.A. Sutton in Jarvis 2007: 306): LINN 767.24 [digital image!]</p> <p>Distribution: Southwestern Iberian Peninsula</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/735A87F24160FF8CFF26FCDCF583FC64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Blanca, Gabriel;Cueto, Miguel;Fuentes, Julián	Blanca, Gabriel, Cueto, Miguel, Fuentes, Julián (2017): Linaria becerrae (Plantaginaceae), a new endemic species from the southern Spain, and remarks on what Linaria salzmannii is and is not. Phytotaxa 298 (3): 261-268, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.298.3.5
