taxonID	type	description	language	source
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	description	Figs 2 – 4	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. is distinguished from Inocybe thailandica by having wider brownish orange to brown pileus darker towards the margin, thicker off-white to pale brown context, light brown to dark brown stipe, pleurocystidia being different from cheilocystidia, broader and longer basidia and caulocystidia.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	etymology	Etymology The epithet ʻ hopeae ʼ refers to being found under the tree Hopea odorata Roxb.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype THAILAND • Chiang Rai Province, Mueang district, Mae Fah Luang University; 20 ° 02 ′ 54 ″ N, 99 ° 53 ′ 30 ″ E; 427 m a. s. l.; 30 Jun. 2020; O. Raspé, OR 1665; GenBank accessions: LSU ON 831503, tef 1 ON 553695, rpb 2 ON 553692; MFLU [MFLU 22 - 0084]. Additional material THAILAND • Chiang Rai province, Mueang district, Mae Fah Luang University; 20 ° 02 ′ 47 ″ N, 99 ° 53 ′ 41 ″ E; 442 m a. s. l., 20 Apr. 2021; B. Raghoonundon, BR 244; MFLU [MFLU 22 - 0082] • Chiang Rai Province, Pa daet; 19 ° 34 ′ 15 ″ N, 100 ° 00 ′ 23 ″ E; 603 m a. s. l., 6 Sep. 2019; O. Raspé, OR 1630; MFLU [MFLU 22 - 0085] • same collection data as for preceding; O. Raspé OR 1632; MFLU [MFLU 23 - 0076].	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	description	Description Pileus 11 – 51 mm in diameter, at first obtusely conical, becoming umbonate to plano-umbonate when mature, margin deflexed; surface dull and dry, fibrillose to striate with recurved scales, brownish orange (5 C 4 – 5 C 7) to brown (6 D 5 – 6 E 6), dark brown (6 F 6 – 7 F 6) near the margin; thin context 2 – 4 mm, off-white to pale brown (6 A 1 – 6 C 4), unchanging when bruised, solid and fleshy. Stipe central, cylindrical, 33 – 94 mm × 2 – 7 mm, slightly bulbous; surface even, dull and dry, with minute squamules at the top, elsewhere glabrous, light brown (6 D 4 – 7 D 5) to dark brown (7 F 5), darker towards the top, unchanging when bruised; basal mycelium off-white (6 A 1), turning orange when bruised (6 A 7 – 6 A 8); context solid or fibrillose, fleshy, pale brown (6 C 4), staining slightly orange (5 A 3 – 5 A 4) when bruised. Hymenophore lamellate, adnexed to adnate with a decurrent tooth; lamellae 35 – 54 reaching stipe, 5 – 7 lamellulae, close, thick, ventricose, forked mostly near the margin, yellowish gray (4 B 1 – 4 B 2), becoming brown (5 D 5 – 6 E 5) with age, lamellae edge even. Smell and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores [125 / 6 / 4] (5.3 –) 5.8 – 8.2 – 11.1 (– 14) µm in diam., globose to ovoid, with conical-spinose projections up to 3.9 µm long, sub – globose to globose, brownish in KOH and NH 4 OH. Basidia (33.2 –) 33.9 – 44 – 51.9 (– 52.3) × (9.8 –) 10.1 – 14.6 – 17.6 (– 17.7) µm, 4 - spored, clavate, hyaline, sterigmata up to 8 µm long. Cheilocystidia (39 –) 39.5 – 47.3 – 71 (– 71) × (10.2 –) 10.2 – 14.9 – 20.2 (– 20.2) µm, frequent, thick-walled, fusiform to broadly fusiform with some scattered crystals at the top, hyaline, yellowish in KOH and NH 4 OH. Pleurocystidia (27.6 –) 29.1 – 41.9 – 50.1 (– 54.7) × (9.2 –) 9.4 – 12.9 – 15.2 (– 16.5) µm, fusiform, thick-walled, hyaline, yellowish in KOH and NH 4 OH. Pileipellis an intricate trichoderm of interwoven cylindrical hyphae 4 – 6.2 – 8 µm wide, terminal cells conical to fusiform, wall encrusted with yellowish brown pigments; subpellis hyphae 11 – 14.5 – 22 µm wide, broadly cylindrical, encrusted with yellowish brown pigments. Caulocystidia (32 –) 34 – 44.9 – 57.8 (– 58.1) × (13.7 –) 14.5 – 18.5 – 21.4 (– 23.2) µm, polymorphic, clavate to fusiform, thick-walled, hyaline, yellowish in KOH and NH 4 OH, rarely with crystals. Stipitipellis a trichoderm of interwoven hyphae 3 – 4.9 – 8 µm wide, partially composed of clavate cells, slightly brownish in KOH. Clamp connections present.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat Scattered on soil under Hopea odorata; in tropical forest dominated by Dipterocarpaceae Blume (Dipterocarpus spp. and Shorea spp.), with some Fagaceae Dumort. (Quercus spp., Lithocarpus spp. and Castanopsis calathiformis Rehder & E. H. Wilson). Also found under planted Hopea odorata.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	distribution	Known distribution Thus far known only from northern Thailand.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B614FFD1FE30F990FBAFFC9F.taxon	discussion	Notes Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. is macro-morphologically characterized by medium sized basidiomes, brownish orange to brown pileus becoming darker towards the margin, off-white to pale brown context, light brown to dark brown stipe with off-white basal mycelium and pale brown to grayish brown lamellae. Molecular data (Fig. 1) confirmed a close relationship between I. hopeae and another species from Thailand, I. thailandica. However, when compared to the latter, our species is morphologically different. Inocybe thailandica has a dark brown pileus becoming pale brown towards the margin, which is the opposite of I. hopeae, in which the brownish orange pileus is darker towards the margin. Moreover, I. hopeae has a wider pileus and thicker context as compared to I. thailandica. Finally, I. thailandica has a light brown stipe that is darker towards the base, whereas in I. hopeae, the stipe is darker brown towards the apex. The micro-morphological characters of I. hopeae sp. nov. somewhat resemble those of I. thailandica. However, upon closer examination, I. hopeae have broader and longer basidia (33.2 – 52.3 × 9.8 – 17.7 µm) compared to I. thailandica (28 – 36 × 7 – 9 µm). The caulocystidia of I. hopeae (32 – 58.1 × 13.7 – 23.2 µm) also are longer and broader than those of I. thailandica (20 – 36 × 6 – 12 µm). Furthermore, the cheilocystidia of I. thailandica (30 – 40 × 10 – 20 µm) are shorter than those in the new species (39 – 71 × 10.2 – 20.2 µm). Additionally, Horak et al. (2015) mentioned the pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia of I. thailandica are similar, which is not the case in I. hopeae, whereby the pleurocystidia are narrower and shorter than the cheilocystidia. The basidiomes of I. thailandica are also putative associates of Castanopsis (D. Don) Spach (Horak et al. 2015) as compared to I. hopeae, which was found in forests dominated by Dipterocarpaceae with some Fagaceae or growing in association with planted Hopea odorata.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B61AFFD3FE9BFEEEFDE7FD85.taxon	description	MycoBank: MB 830515 Index Fungorum: IF 830515 Figs 2, 5	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B61AFFD3FE9BFEEEFDE7FD85.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined THAILAND • Chiang Rai Province, Pa Daet; 19 ° 34 ′ 15 ″ N, 100 ° 00 ′ 23 ″ E; 603 m a. s. l.; 6 Sep. 2019; O. Raspé OR 1629; GenBank accessions: ITS ON 383911, LSU ON 831501, tef 1 ON 553693, rpb 2 ON 553690; MFLU [MFLU 22 - 0083].	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B61AFFD3FE9BFEEEFDE7FD85.taxon	description	Description Pileus 11 – 15 mm in diameter, convex to plano-convex, slightly depressed around the centre with a small obtuse umbo, margin almost straight, slightly uplifted at some places; surface dull and dry, radially rimose, becoming fibrillose near the margin, brownish orange (5 C 6 – 5 C 8) at the centre to light brown (6 C 4 – 6 C 5) the margin; thin context 1 – 2 mm, off-white (6 A 1), unchanging when bruised; soft and fleshy. Stipe central, cylindrical, 30 – 35 × 1 – 3 mm, slightly tapering toward the apex; surface dull and dry, fibrillose throughout, finely pruinose towards the apex, cream, brownish orange (6 C 3) towards the base; slightly enlarged and whitish base, basal mycelium off-white; context hollow, thin, white. Hymenophore lamellate, adnexed to adnate with a decurrent tooth; lamellae close, thick, slightly wavy, grayish orange (5 B 3) to light brown (5 D 4 – 6 D 4), becoming brown (6 E 5 – 6 E 8) with age, lamellae edge serrate. Smell and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores [120 / 1 / 1] (8.6 –) 8.8 – 11 – 13.2 (– 13.4) × (6.7 –) 6.9 – 7.8 – 8.6 (– 8.8) µm, Q = (1.28 –) 1.28 – 1.4 – 1.53 (– 1.53), smooth, ellipsoid to phaseoliform, slightly thick-walled, yellowish brown. Basidia (22.2 –) 22.9 – 28.3 – 32.6 (– 33.5) × (11.2 –) 11.3 – 12.9 – 14.4 (– 14.6) µm, clavate, thin-walled, pale yellowish brown, 4 - spored, sterigmata up to 5 µm long. Cheilocystidia (19.3 –) 19.6 – 27.5 – 31.8 (– 35.7) × (8.7 –) 9.2 – 11.7 – 13.7 (– 14.6) µm, abundant, clavate to fusiform, thin to thick-walled, hyaline, pale yellow in KOH or NH 4 OH, rarely with encrustations. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a double layered cutis with a first one superficially disrupted, composed of thin- to slightly thick-walled, smooth hyphae 5 – 8.9 – 13 µm wide with a yellowish-brown spiral encrustation. Caulocystidia absent. Stipitipellis a cutis with disrupted loose hyphae with cystoid terminal cell at the stipe apex; hyphae 5 – 7.1 – 10 µm wide, thin to thick-walled, pale yellow or brownish yellow in KOH, encrusted with yellowish brown contents; terminal cells (39.5 –) 39.9 – 47.3 – 70.3 (– 71) × (10 –) 10.2 – 14.9 – 20 (– 20.2) µm, thin to thick-walled, cylindrical or clavate with obtuse apex; hyaline. Clamp connections present in all tissues.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B61AFFD3FE9BFEEEFDE7FD85.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat In small groups or occasionally solitary, on the ground near Vateria indica L., Hopea parviflora Bedd. and Hopea ponga (Dennst.) Mabb. (Dipterocarpaceae) and Calophyllum L. (Calophyllaceae J. Agardh), and Myristica Gronov. (Myristicaceae R. Br.) trees in India; on forest soil in tropical forest dominated by Dipterocarpaceae (Dipterocarpus spp., Shorea spp.) with some Fagaceae (Quercus spp., Lithocarpus spp. and Castanopsis calathiformis) in Thailand.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B61AFFD3FE9BFEEEFDE7FD85.taxon	distribution	Known distribution Known from India and Chiang Rai Province, northern Thailand.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
737D8341B61AFFD3FE9BFEEEFDE7FD85.taxon	discussion	Notes Matheny et al. 2019 raised the status of I. sect. Rimosae (Fr.) Quél. to the genus Pseudosperma based on a six gene phylogenetic analysis. Species of Pseudosperma are probably widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Pseudosperma keralense can be recognized by its yellowish-brown pileus; lamellae with whitish, serrate edges; smooth, ellipsoidal basidiospores; a duplex pileipellis with superficial hyphae devoid of encrustations and encrusted hyphae beneath. The macro- and micro-morphological characters of the specimens from Thailand are similar to P. keralense reported from India. The combined phylogenetic analyses indicate the sequences of the Thai specimen OR 1629 cluster with the holotype of P. keralense from India with BS = 100 %, PP = 1.0.	en	Raghoonundon, Bhavesh, Vadthanarat, Santhiti, Hu, Yuwei, Raspé, Olivier (2023): Inocybe hopeae sp. nov. and first record of Pseudosperma keralense (Inocybaceae) from Thailand. European Journal of Taxonomy 870: 30-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2115
