taxonID	type	description	language	source
726C87BDE24E9C35FF4E544D25EDFD01.taxon	description	Petromyzon wagneri Kessler [K. F.] 1870: 207; Type locality: Volga River between Tver [Tvertsa] and Astrakhan, Russia, 46 ° 21 ' N, 48 ° 03 ' E. Syntypes: SMNS 2398 (1), NMW 61053 (1), ZIN 2407 (2). Agnathomyzon (Haploglossa) caspicus Gratzianov [V. I.] 1907: 18; Type locality: Kura River near Evlakh, Volga River near Kazan, and Moskva River (Royllier), Russia. No types known. Common name: Pr: Marmahi-e dehangerd, Dahangerd-e daryaye Khazar; En: Caspian lamprey, Round mouth snake fish. Diagnosis: Non parasitic diadromous lamprey. Absence of paired fins, a round, suctorial mouth containing blunt teeth, and seven branchial openings. Tubercular teeth with buttom-like shape. Meristic characters: Trunk myomeres 53 – 68, supraoral lamina, one unicuspid (sometimes bicuspid) tooth, infraoral lamina, 4 – 6, usually 5, unicuspid teeth, but sometimes the lateral most ones are bicuspid, 4 endolaterals on each side, endolateral formula, typically 1 – 1 – 1 – 1, 3 – 5 rows of anterials, first row of anterials, 3 unicuspid teeth; 8 rows of exolaterals on each side, 3 rows of posterials, first row of posterials, 11 unicuspid teeth, transverse lingual lamina straight and 5 – 8 unicuspid teeth. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 11). Reported from Aras River to Atrak River in the entire southern coast of the Caspian Sea, including Anzali Wetland, Sefidrud, Langerud, Babol rud, Tajan Rivers, etc. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Caspiomyzon. Conservation: IUCN: Near Threatened (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 l). CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES Order CARCHARHINIFORMES (1 family, 1 genus, 1 species) Family Carcharhinidae (1 genus, 1 species) Genus Carcharhinus Blainville, 1816	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE24D9C3FFC8A568C2587FE21.taxon	description	Carcharias (Prionodon) leucas Valenciennes [A.] in Müller & Henle 1839: 42; Type locality: Antilles, western Atlantic. Syntypes: (4) MNHN A- 9650 (1, dry), A- 9652 (1, dry), uncat. (2, lost). Carcharias (Prionodon) zambezensis Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852: 276; Type locality: Zambezi River, Mozambique. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4468. Prionodon platyodon Poey [F.] 1860: 336; Type locality: Cuba. No types known. Plate published in 1861. Squalus obtusus Poey [F.] 1861: 337; Type locality: Cuba. As Prionodon obtusus on plate. Eulamia nicaraguensis Gill [T. N.] in Gill & Bransford 1877: 190; Type locality: Lake Nicaragua, Nicaragua. Holotype (unique): USNM 16887 (skin, skull, jaws). Carcharias azureus Gilbert [C. H.] and Starks [E. C.] 1904: 11; Type locality: Panama. Holotype: CAS-SU 11890. Paratypes: (2) BMNH 1903.5.15.338 (1) Panama. Carcharias spenceri Ogilby [J. D.] 1910: 3; Type locality: Brisbane River, Queensland. Australia. Holotype (unique): not at QM [AFAQ 290, jaws only]. Galeolamna (Bogimba) bogimba Whitley [G. P.] 1943: 123; Type locality: Bogimbah, Fraser Island, Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS IB. 1225 (teeth and skin). Galeolamna greyi mckaili Whitley [G. P.] 1945: 1; Type locality: Swan River District, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): AMS IB. 508. Carcharhinus vanrooyeni Smith [J. L. B.] 1958: 12 [Veld & Vlei v. 3 (no. 9]; Type locality: St. Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 175 (1). Described from several specimens and a figure; one specimen at SAIAB [formerly RUSI]. Common name: Pr: Kooseh, Bambak, Kuli, Sag mahi En: Bull shark. Diagnosis: The only shark species usually encountered in Iranian fresh waters and can be recognized by a very short, blunt and broadly rounded snout, small eyes, triangular saw-edged upper teeth, and the lack of an interdorsal ridge. Meristic characters: Symphysial teeth present on both jaws, tooth formula 12 – 14 / 12 – 13 on each side of Collection Abbr. full name, country, other abbreviations and old names AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, U. S. A. AMS Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Old Name: Colonial Museum Sydney (1827 – 1836). ANSP Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U. S. A. BMNH Natural History Museum, London, U. K Other Abbr.: NHM, NHMUK. Old Name: British Museum; British Museum (Natural History). CMNFI Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Canada. (Same as NMC - National Museums of Canada). FCFUK Fish collection, Fish Department, University of Kurdistan, Iran. FMNH Division of Fishes, Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A. Other Abbr.: CMNH. FSJF Fischsammlung Jörg Freyhof, Berlin, Germany. GUIC Ichthyological Museum, Department of Fisheries. Natural Resources Faculty, University of Guilan, Guilan Province, Iran. IBTS Taxonomy Research Group, Research Centres in Biology Field, University of Bucharest, Tr. Savulescu, Bucharest, Romania. Other Abbr.: ISBB. Old Name: Institutul di Biologie; Institutul de Stiinte Biologice; " Tr. Savulescu ". IMNRF-UT Ichthyological Museum of Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Iran. IZA Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila, Instituto di Zoologia, Aquila, Italy. Moved to Dept. of Zoology, Naples University, Italy. IZAB Institute of Zoology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan. Other Abbr.: ZIAZ, IZA. LSL Linnean Society of London, London, England, United Kingdom. Other Abbr.: LS. MHNG Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Département d'Herpétologie et Ichthyologie, Ville de Genève, Genève, Switzerland. Other Abbr.: MNG. MNHN Muséum National d'Histoire naturelle, Systématique et Évolution, Laboratoire d'Ichthyologie Générale et Appliquée, Paris, France. Other Abbr.: MNHN-IC. MUFS Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan. MZUF Universita di Firenze, Museo Zoologico e Historia Naturale de la Specola, Firenze, Italy MZUT Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'Uomo, Museo Zoologico, Torino, Italy. NMW Naturhistorisches Museum, 1. Zoologische Abteilung, Fische, Wien (Vienna), Austria. NRM Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Ichthyology Section, Stockholm, Sweden. RMNH Naturalis - National Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, Netherlands. Old Name: Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire, Leiden, Netherlands. ROM Royal Ontario Museum, Department of Natural History, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. SMF Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Marine Zoologie, Sektion Ichthyologie, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany. SMNS Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Other Abbr.: MNS. Old Name: Herzoglich Württembergische Kunstkammer zu Stuttgart, Naturkundliche Sammlungen (ca. 1600 – 1762); Herzogliches Naturalien-Cabinett und Kunstkammer (1762 – 1791); Herzogliches Naturalien-Cabinett (1791 – 1899); Königliche Naturaliensammlung (1899 – 1918); Staatliche Naturaliensammlung (1918 - 1950). AlterNative (Figure) Name: NATURKUNDEMUSEUM STUTTGART; FORSCHUNGSMUSEUM AM LÖWENTOR UND SCHLOSS ROSENSTEIN; NATURMUSEUM STUTTGART. SNMB Slovak National Museum, Natural Science Museum, Bratislava, Slovakia. SPMN Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka, Japan. TUIC Terhan University Ichthyological Collection, Karaj, Iran. Collection Abbr. full name, country, other abbreviations and old names UBC University of British Columbia, Centre for Biodiversity, Department of Zoology, Biological Sciences Building, Cowan Vertebrate Museum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. UMMZ University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. A. USNM Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zioology, Division of Fishes, Washington D. C., U. S. A. Old Name: United States National Museum. VMFC Personal collection of Vatandoust and Mousavi-Sabet, Tehran, Iran. ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander König, Abteilung Wirbeltiere, Ichthyologie, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. Other Abbr.: ZFMK-ICH. Old Name: Zoologisches Forschunginstitut und Museum Alexander König. ZIN Laboratory of Ichthyology, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia. Other Abbr.: ZIAS, ZISP, ZIL. Old Name: Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R. ZMA Originally: Universiteit van Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Zoölogisch Museum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ZMB Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin, Germany. Other Abbr.: ISZZ, ZMHU. Old Name: Humboldt-Universität, Museum für Naturkunde, Zoologisches Museum, Vertebraten (Wirbeltiere), Ichthyologie, Berlin, Germany. ZM-CBSU Zoological Museum of Shiraz University, Collection of Biology Department, Shiraz, 71454, Iran. ZMH Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, Ichthyology, Hamburg, Germany. Usually seen as: Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum der Universität Hamburg. Other Abbr.: NMH, ZIM. Old Name: Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum der Universität Hamburg. ZMH Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, Ichthyology, Hamburg, Germany. Usually seen as: Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum der Universität Hamburg. Other Abbr.: NMH, ZIM. Old Name: Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum der Universität Hamburg. ZMMU Zoological Museum, Biological Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. Other Abbr.: ZMMGU, MMSU, ZMMSU, ZMMGY. Old Name: Cabinet of Natural History at the Imperial Moscow University (1791 – 1930). ZMT S. Janashia State Museum of Georgia, Zoological Section, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia. Old Name: Georgia State Museum. ZMUC Københavns Universitet, Zoologisk Museum, Vertebrater, Fiskesamlingen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Other Abbr.: UZMK, ZMC. ZMUU Uppsala Universitet, Zoologiska Museet, Uppsala, Sweden. Other Abbr.: UUZM, ZMU. ZSI Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India. Other Abbr.: ZSI-CLT. jaws. Precaudal vertebral centra 101 – 103, TV: 198 – 227. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 13). The species has been recorded from the Tigris River (above Baghdad, about 850 km from the sea) and Karun River (close to Ahvaz or Shooshtar), but since the construction of various dams on the rivers, this species is found in Arvand River estuary. Taxonomy: Compagno (1973) in Hureau and Monod 1973 placed in Carcharias. Conservation: IUCN: Near Threatened (Simpfendorfer and Burgess 2009). CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII Order ACIPENSERIFORMES (1 family, 2 genera, 5 species) Family Acipenseridae (2 genera, 5 species) Genus Acipenser Linnaeus, 1758	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2479C3FFF1557AC2367FCA2.taxon	description	Acipenser baerii Brandt [J. F.] 1869: 115; Type locality: Ob and Lena river systems, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Acipenser Nikolskii stenorrhynchus [A. M.] 1896: 400; Type locality: Large rivers of Siberia flowing to the Arctic. Syntypes: ZIN 10641 (2), 10885 (1), 10888 (1). ZISP 10641 also type of variety baicalensis. Acipenser stenorrhynchus var. baicalensis Nikolskii [A. M.] 1896: 401; Type locality: Lake Baikal, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: MLSU 1631 (1), ZIN 10641 (2). Acipenser baeri hatys Dryagin [P. A.] 1948: 532; Type locality: From Lena to Kolyma rivers, Sakha-Yakutia, northeastern Russia. Syntypes: (27). Common name: Pr: Tas mahi baeri, En: Siberian sturgeon. Diagnosis: Extended snouts, four barbels in front of the mouth, the back is light grey to dark-brown colored, the belly color varies from white to clear yellow. Five rows of scutes, Small star-like scutes between the main ones. Clearly slit inferior lips. Meristic characters: D: 30 – 56, A: 17 – 33, GR: 20 – 49, DS: 10 – 12, LSC: 32 – 62, VS: 7 – 16. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 15). Introduced to Iran for aquaculture purpose. Usually individuals of this species escape from fish farms to water bodies. Presence in Iran inland water needs confirmation. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Endangered A 2 bcd + 4 bcd (Native population, Ruban and Zhu 2010), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2469C3DFF1A568C26D5FEC1.taxon	description	Acipenser pygmaeus Reisinger [J.] 1830: 93, Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Acipenser pygmaeus Pallas 1814. Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt [J. F.] & Ratzeburg [J. T. C.] 1833: 13; Type locality: Caspian Sea and tributaries; Black Sea. No types known. Acipenser aculeatus Lovetsky [A.] (ex Fischer) 1834: 262; Type locality: Dnjepr River in Jekaterinoslaw / Yekaterinoslav Province, Russia. Acipenser gueldenstadti var. colchica Marti [V. J.] 1940: 869; Type locality: Southeastern part of Black Sea near mouth of Rioni and Inguri rivers, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (many). Acipenser gueldenstadti var. tanaica Marti [V. J.] 1940: 863; Type locality: Taganrog Bay, Sea of Azov, Russia. Syntypes: (many). Common name: Pr: Chalbash, Tasmahi-ye Rus, Mahi-ye kaviar En: Russian Sturgeon. Diagnosis: Often mis-identified with A. persicus but can be distinguished by the short, blunt snout and triangular shape. In addition, belly color in A. gueldenstaedtii is yellowish-white and back is golden-brown. Other diagnostic characters are: longer interorbital distance from A. persicus, smaller stellate bony plates between the dorsal and ventral rows and snout length less than 60 % HL. Meristic characters: D: 26 – 51, A: 18 – 35, GR: 15 – 36, DS: 5 – 19, LSC: 21 – 50, VS: 6 – 14. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 17). The species has been recorded from every river between Astara River in the west to Gorgan River in the east. In recent year (Coad 2015), it has been reported from Atrak, Gorgan, Gharasu, Tajan, Babol, Haraz, and Sefidrud rivers (southern Caspian Sea). Nowadays the access to many rivers is restricted by reduced water flow, construction, weirs, dams, irrigation canals and pollution. This species is probably currently only found in the estuary of some large rivers as Sefidrud and Tajan rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 bcde (Gessner et al. 2010 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2459C3DFF68570C23ABFCE2.taxon	description	Acipenser schypa Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Güldenstädt) 1788: 16; Type locality: ‘ La mer du Nord’ (erroneous, is probably Caspian Sea). Neotype: NRM 8946 (invalid). Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky [A.] 1828: 78; Type locality: Aral Sea, Russia. No types known. Acipenser Eichwald schypa [C. E. von] 1831: 66; Type locality: Caspian Sea, unde Volga adscendit et Cyrum. Acipenser glaber Heckel [J. J.] (ex Fitzinger) in Fitzinger & Heckel 1836: 270; Type locality: Danube River, Austria. Syntypes:? NMW 91292 (1, dry). Acipenser nudiventris derjavini Borzenko [M. P.] 1950; Type locality: Kura River, Azerbaijan, Caspian Sea Region. Syntypes: (127) KVNIRO uncat. Common name: Pr: Ship, Tas mahi shekam brahne, Tas mahi, Mahi-ye kaviar, En: Ship Sturgeon, Bastard sturgeon. Diagnosis: Snout moderately long and pointed at tip. Mouth transverse and lower lip continuous, not interrupted at center. Barbels halfway between tip of snout and mouth, reaching the latter, no smaller plates between dorsal and ventral rows. Back is grey, flanks lighter, belly white. Meristic characters: D: 39 – 57, A: 23 – 37, GR: 24 – 45, DS: 11 – 17, LSC: 49 – 74, VS: 10 – 17, lost or absorbed in large adults. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 19). In the past, the species was recorded from Kura and Aras Rivers, but it disappeared after the construction of a dam. According to Derzhavin (1934) and Armantrout (1980), the species enters the Aras, Astara, Sefidrud, Tajan and Babol Rivers in Iran. See Acipenser gueldenstaedtii. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 cde (Gesner et al. 2010 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2449C3CFF79568C234DFEE2.taxon	description	Acipenser persicus, Borodin [N. A.] 1897: 18; Type locality: Ural River to Ural’sk, Kazakhstan; Kura River, Azerbijan; southern shore of Caspian Sea, Iran. Syntypes: (2 measured) none at ZIN. Acipenser gueldenstadti var. colchica Marti [V. J.] 1940: 869; Type locality: Southeastern part of Black Sea near mouth of Rioni and Inguri rivers, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (many). Common name: Pr: Qara burun or Gareburun, Darakul, Tirij, Tasmahi-ye Irani, Mahi-ye kaviar, En: Persian sturgeon. Diagnosis: Elongated, massive and downward curved snout. The belly is white and the back grey-blue. Also, see A. gueldenstaedtii. Meristic characters: According to Holcik (1986) D: 27 – 51, A: 16 – 35, GR: 15 – 36, DS: 7 – 19, LSC: 23 – 50, VS: 7 – 13. According to Berg (1949) D: 30 – 49, A: 18 – 32, DS: 5 – 13, LSC: 21 – 42, VS: 7 – 14. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 21). See Acipenser gueldenstaedtii. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 cde (Gesner et al. 2010 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2449C23FC9C57EC24CCFCA2.taxon	description	Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 237; Type locality:? Danube River. Holotype: NRM 96. based on several sources this specimen may be the holotype, see Kottelat (1997). Acipenser koster Gmelin [J. F.] 1789: 1486; Type locality: Caspian Sea. Acipenser pygmaeus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 102; Type locality: Major seas and rivers of Europe. No types known. Acipenser kostera Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832: 340; Type locality: Danube River, Vienna, Austria. Neotype: BMNH 1898.4. 11.26. Acipenser marsiglii Brandt [J. F.] in Brandt & Ratzeburg 1833: 352; Type locality: Danube River or Ob River. Holotype:? ZIN 11825. Acipenser kamensis Lovetsky [A.] 1834: 262; Type locality: Kama River, Russia. No types known. Acipenser aleutensis Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] in Fitzinger & Heckel 1836: 285; Type locality: Canaga Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, U. S. A. [in error]. No types known. Acipenser gmelini Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] in Fitzinger & Heckel 1836: 276; Type locality: Azov Sea or Caspian Sea. Holotype (unique): NMW (not found). Acipenser ruthenus var. grisescens Brandt [J. F.] 1853: 320; Type locality: Nishni-Novgorod, Russia. No types known. Acipenser ruthenus var. leucotica Brandt [J. F.] 1853: 320; Type locality: Nishnij-Novgorod, Russia. No types known. Acipenser (Sterletus) kankreni Duméril [A. H. A.] (ex Valenciennes) 1870: 256; Type locality: Probably Russia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 - 5173. Acipenser (Sterletus) lovetzkyi Duméril [A. H. A.] 1870: 254; Type locality: Russia. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 - 5171 (2). Sterledus ruthenus var. sibiricus Dybowski [B. N.] 1874: 394; Type locality: Middle and lower Angara River, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Acipenser ruthenus rutzskyi Johansen [B. G.] 1946: 171; Type locality: Upper Ob River, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: (21). Common name: Pr: Sterliyad, Mahi-ye kaviar, En: Sterlet. Diagnosis: Back and flanks are beige. Ventral and laterals are very light-colored, nearly white. Narrow and pointed snout with four long and fringed barbels. Inferior lip with clearly slit. Can be diagnosed from congeners in Europe by having 56 – 71 lateral scutes, first dorsal scutes not fused with head, barbels fimbriate, lower lip interrupted in middle and 11 – 27 gill rakers. Meristic characters: D: 27 – 28, A: 14 – 18, GR: 11 – 27, DS: 12 – 17, LSC: 57 – 71, VS: 10 – 19. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 23). Naseka and Bogutskaya (2009) reported from middle and southern Caspian Sea but never confirmed by specimens of Iran. This species is transported to the Shahid Rajaee Fish Aquaculture Center at Sari, Mazandaran and some other fish farms in Guilan and Golestan provinces for aquaculture purposes. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable A 2 cde (Gessner et al. 2010 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE25A9C22FF6A568C2323FD41.taxon	description	Acipenser stellatus Pallas [P. S.] 1771; Type locality: Volga River at Simbirsk, Caspian Sea, Ural River to Gwje. No types known. Acipenser seuruga Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1772: 533; Type locality: Caspian Sea. No types known. Acipenser helops Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 97; Type locality: Major rivers and seas of Russia. No types known. Acipenser ratzeburgii Brandt [J. F.] in Brandt & Ratzeburg 1833: 351, 352; Type locality: Caspian Sea at mouth of Emba River. Holotype: ZIN 11760. Acipenser stellatus donensis Lovetsky [A.] 1834: 263; Type locality: Don River, Russia. Acipenser stellatus danubialis Brusina [S.] 1902: 59; Type locality: Danube River. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown Acipenser stellatus illyricus Brusina [S.] 1902: 60; Type locality: Zadar, Dalmatia, Croatia, Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Acipenser stellatus ponticus Movchan [Yu. V.] 1970: 41; Type locality: Northwestern Black Sea, including Danube and Dneiper rivers. Syntypes: (many) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Ozoonboroon, Derakul, Tirij, Sevruga, Puze deraz, Mahi-ye khaviar, En: Starry sturgeon, Stellate Sturgeon. Diagnosis: Snout long (60 – 70 % of HL) with pointed tip. Lower lip not continuous, interrupted at center. Barbels long reaching mouth but nearer to it than to tip of snout. Side with small bony stellate plates and smaller grains between main scutes rows. Back dark grey to almost black, flanks lighter, belly white. Meristic characters: D: 38 – 54, A: 20 – 40, GR: 24 – 29, DS: 9 – 16, LSC: 26 – 43, VS: 9 – 14. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 25). See Acipenser gueldenstaedtii. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 cde (Qiwei 2010).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE25A9C21FCAF554D23AAFCD1.taxon	description	Acipenser huso Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 238; Type locality: Danube and the rivers of Russia. No types known. Acipenser albula Forster [J. R.] 1767: 354; Type locality: Volga River, Russia. No types known. Acipenser beluga Forster [J. R.] 1767: 354; Type locality: Volga River, Russia. No types known. Acipenser shyp Forster [J. R.] 1767: 353; Type locality: Turkey, Bosphore or Sea of Marmara (Mediterranean Sea). Neotype: NRM 8946. Acipenser schypa Gmelin [J. F.] 1789: 1484; Type locality: Turkey, Bosphore or Sea of Marmara (Mediterranean Sea). Neotype: NRM 8946. Acipenser ichthyocolla Billberg [G. J.] 1833: 52; Type locality: Danube and the rivers of Russia. No types known. Huso ichthyocolla Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846: 22; Unneeded new name for Acipenser huso Linnaeus 1758. Acipenser vallisnerii Molin [R.] 1853: 366, 371; Type locality: Po River, Italy. Acipenser maeoticus Sal’nikov [N. I.] & Malyatskii [S. M.] 1934: 44; Type locality: Sea of Azov. No types known. Huso huso ponticus Sal’nikov [N. I.] & Malyatskii [S. M.] 1934: 44; Type locality: Black Sea. No types known. Huso huso caspicus Babushkin [N. Ya.] 1942: 131; Type locality: Caspian Sea. No types known. Huso huso orientalis Lelek [A.] 1987: 55; Type locality: Black Sea. Common name: Pr: Fil mahi, Mahi-ye khaviar, En: Beluga. Diagnosis: Very large and massive body, crescent-shaped mouth (small and transverse in other sturgeons) and the gill membranes being joined as a fold across the isthmus. Meristic characters: D: 48 – 81, A: 22 – 41, GR: 16 – 36, DS: 9 – 17, LSC: 28 – 60, VS: 7 – 14. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 27). Translocated from the Caspian Sea basin to the Persis and Tigris basin for aquaculture purposes. See Acipenser gueldenstaedtii. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Huso. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 cde (Gesner et al. 2010 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2589C27FF5457CC23D0FCA2.taxon	description	Muraena anguilla Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 245; Type locality: Europe, Mediterranean Sea, Baltic Sea, northeastern Atlantic. No types known. Muraena anguilla var. acerine Schneider [J. G.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801: 560; Type locality: No locality. No types known. Muraena anguilla anguillechien Schneider [J. G.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801: 560; Type locality: No locality [Seine River, France]. No types known. Muraena anguilla guiseau Schneider [J. G.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801: 560; Type locality: “ Sequanam ” [Seine River, northern France]. No types known. Anguilla vulgaris Shaw [G.] 1803: 15; Type locality: No locality. No types known. Anguilla vulgaris Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810: 37; Type locality: Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. New name for Muraena anguilla Linnaeus 1758. Anguilla acutirostris Risso [A.] 1827: 198; Type locality: Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Anguilla latirostris Risso [A.] 1827: 199; Type locality: Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Anguilla mediorostris Risso [A.] 1827: 199; Type locality: Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Anguilla fluviatilis Anslijn [N.] 1828: 226; Unneeded new name for Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus 1758). Muraena oxyrhina Ekström [C. U.] 1832: 287; Type locality: Mörkö Island, near Stockholm, Sweden. No types known. Muraena platyrhina Ekström [C. U.] 1832: 287; Type locality: Mörkö Island, near Stockholm, Sweden. No types known. Anguilla canariensis Valenciennes [A.] 1843: 88; Type locality: Teneriffe, Canary Islands. Lectotype: MNHN 0000 – 3783. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000 – 3784 (3). Anguilla cloacina Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846: 38; Type locality: France. No types known. Anguilla nilotica Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 313; Type locality: Nile River, Egypt, North Africa. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3769 to 0000 – 3771 (1, 1, 1). Anguilla fluviatilis Gistel [J.] 1848: 104; Type locality: Der Gauzen Erde. No types known. Anguilla migratoria Krøyer [H. N.] 1849: 616; Type locality: Denmark. No types known. Anguilla callensis Guichenot [A.] 1850: 111; Type locality: La Calle, Algeria, western Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: (10) MNHN 0000 – 3160 (5), 0000 – 3220 (1), 0000 – 3774 (4). Anguilla platyrhynchus Costa [O. G.] 1850: p. 50; Type locality: Lake Ligola, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Anguilla aegyptiaca Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 4; Type locality: Nile River, Egypt. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3772 (1), 0000 – 3773 (1). Anguilla altirostris Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 37; Type locality: Mouth of Seine River, France, La Manche / English Channel, northeastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3768. Anguilla ancidda Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 37; Type locality: Sicily and Pergamont, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3767 (1), 0000 – 3780 (1) Anguilla bibroni Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 54; Type locality: Sicily, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3760 (1), 0000 – 3779 (3). Anguilla capitone Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 34; Type locality: Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3762. Anguilla cuvieri Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 54; Type locality: Abbeville, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3758 (2), 0000 – 3759 (7). Anguilla kieneri Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 54; Type locality: Toulon, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000 – 3757. Anguilla melanochir Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 35; Type locality: Tiber River, Italy. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3764. Anguilla microptera Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 36; Type locality: Bay of Algeciras, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3766. Anguilla morena Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 35; Type locality: Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3763. Anguilla malgumora Kaup [J. J.] (ex Schlegel) 1856: 42; Type locality: Borneo [in error]. Holotype (unique): MNHN A- 9954. Anguilla marginata Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 36; Type locality: Valencia, Spain. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3765. Anguilla platycephala Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 38; Type locality: Abbeville, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3210 (1), 0000 – 5707 (now 4). Anguilla savignyi Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 55; Type locality: Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000 – 3131 [? 3731]. Leptocephalus brevirostris Kaup [J. J.] 1856: 150; Type locality: Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000 – 2901. Possible types: BMNH 1860.9. 31.4 (1), ZMB 4742 (1) Messina. Anguilla eurystoma Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857: 325; Type locality: Dalmatia, Croatia, Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Syntypes: (2) NMW 9284 (1). Anguilla hibernica Couch [J.] 1865: 328; Type locality: Liffey River, Dublin, Ireland. No types known. Anguilla oblongirostris Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 496; Type locality: Huveaune stream, near Marseille, France; Lot river; Lake Bourget, France. Syntypes: MNHN 1880 – 0343 (5), 9985 (1). Anguilla anacamptoentera Balsamo-Crivelli [G. G.] & Maggi [L.] 1873: 229; Type locality: Italy. Anguilla orthoentera Balsamo-Crivelli [G. G.] & Maggi [L.] 1873: 229; Type locality: Italy. Anguilla brevirostris Cisternas [R.] 1877: 108; Type locality: Valencia, Spain. No types known. Anguilla linnei Malm [A. W.] 1877: 590; Type Locality: Sweden. Original as Linnéi. Unneeded replacement name for Muraena anguilla Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid “ Strickland tautonomy ”). Common name: Pr: Marmahi-ye ma’muli, Marmahi mohajer, Marmahi-ye haghighi, En: European eel. Diagnosis: Elongated, anguilliform body with the long and spineless dorsal and anal fins and the absence of pelvic fins. Gill openings small and vertical, restricted to the sides, Green-brown colored. Meristic characters: D: 240 – 276, A: 170 – 248, P: 14 – 18. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 29). Holčík and Oláh (1992) reported this species from the Anzali Wetland. It is also reported commonly from the southeast, southwest and south-central shores of Caspian Sea. In Iranian waters it is considered an non-native species, as it reaches there as a result of human activities. This species established itself in the Caspian Sea after the opening of the Volga-Baltic waterway and the introduction of larvae from France and England and was recorded from fresh waters in Azerbaijan. Taxonomy: Ege (1939) placed in Anguilla. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 bd + 4 bd (Native population, Jacoby and Gollock 2014), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE25F9C26FCBC534D24A6FDE2.taxon	description	Clupea caspiopontica var. braschnikowi Borodin [N. A.] 1904: 180 [13]; Type locality: Near Fort Aleksandrovsk, middle Caspian Sea, Kazakhstan. Lectotype: ZIN 13051 (280 mm). Paralectotypes: ZIN 13051 (7 of 8, with lectotype). Clupea caspiopontica var. grimmi Borodin [N. A.] 1904: 180, 184; Type locality: Ashur-ade, near Astrabad Bay, Caspian Sea, Iran. Lectotype: ZIN 13045 (34 cm). Paralectotypes: ZIN 13045 (5 of 6, with lectotype). Caspialosa brashnikovi autumnalis Berg [L. S.] 1915: 6; Type locality: Southern Caspian Sea. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Caspialosa kisselevitschi Bulgakov [G. P.] 1926: 37; Type locality: Gassan-Kuli, southern Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan. Syntypes: (62) whereabouts unknown. Caspialosa nirchi Morozov [A. V.] 1928: 72; Type locality: Krasnovodsk Bay, Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan. Syntypes: (many) whereabouts unknown. Caspialosa brashnikovi agrachanica Mikhailovsky [A. A.] 1941: 563; Type locality: Region of islands Tyulenyi and Dargui, northern Caspian Sea. Neotype: ZIN 17334. Original syntypes: ZIN 1182 – 1199 (not at ZIN). Caspialosa brashnikovi orientalis Mikhailovsky [A. A.] 1941: 560; Type locality: Near Karadashly, E. coast of southern Caspian Sea. Lectotype: ZIN 32187. Paralectotypes: ZIN 32187 (15, with lectotype). Caspialosa brashnikovi sarensis Mikhailovsky [A. A.] 1941: 564; Type locality: Sara Island, Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan. Lectotype: ZIN 32184. Paralectotypes: ZIN 31284 (19, with lectotype), 32185 (26), 37475 (10), 38074 – 75 (25, 24). Common name: Pr: Shagmahi, Shagmahi-ye Khazari, En: Kura herring, Striped herring. Diagnosis: A relatively elongate and rounded body, more “ herring-like ” than “ shad-like ”. Gill rakers thick and large, shorter, equal to (or a little longer than) gill filaments, either straight or curved, pointed or blunt, occasionally even bifurcated at tips. Teeth present in both jaws and well-developed. Other Caspian shads have deeper, more shad-like bodies. Meristic characters: D: III 12 – 15 (14), A: II – IV (III) 10 – 20 (18), GR: 24 – 47 (30 – 33), LL: 51 – 54, TV: 48 – 55. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 31). Reported from throughout the Caspian Sea. Mostly distributed in the south during winter, and moves north to spawn in spring. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated; PC: Least Concern. Widespread species without any known major threat. Dam constructions in the Caspian Sea basin probably affect the access to some of their spawning grounds.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE25E9C25FCBB54EC232EFC82.taxon	description	Caspialosa knipowitschi Iljin [B. S.] 1927: 69; Type locality: Southwestern Caspian Sea, Iran. Lectotype: ZIN 31892 (212 mm). Paralectotypes: (94) ZIN 31892 (3 of 4, with lectotype), 25602 (2). Caspialosa caspia var. persica Iljin [B. S.] 1927: 72; Type locality: Astrabad Bay, southeastern Caspian Sea, Iran. Lectotype: ZIN 16413 (147.5 mm). Paralectotypes: ZIN 16413 (3, with lectotype). Caspialosa caspia aestuarina Berg [L. S.] 1932: 88; Type locality: Northern Caspian Sea, Russia. No types known. Alosa bulgarica Drensky [P.] 1934: 79 (German p. 85); Type locality: Lower Resovska River, south of Burgas, Bulgaria coasts of the Black Sea. Lectotype: NMNHS 300 / 2. Caspialosa caspia salina Svetovidov [A. N.] 1936: 51; Type locality: Mertvyi Kultuk and Kaydak bays, northeastern Caspian Sea. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Shagmahi-ye shekambozorg, Shagmahi-ye chekameh dar, Shagmahi-ye darya-ye Khazar, En: Caspian shad. Diagnosis: A relatively deep and “ shad-like ” shape, not as elongate and rounded as in some related species, which are likened to a “ herring ” shape. Total gill rakers 68 – 150 much longer than the gill filaments, and forming a convex outline on the lower arch. Teeth present in both jaws but poorly developed in both jaws. A black spot posterior to gill opening and occasionally further black spots on flank in some cases. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 12 – 15 (14), A: III – IV (III) 15 – 20 (18), GR: 68 – 150 (100 – 140), LL: 94 – 54, TV: 45 – 52 (49 – 51). Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 33). This species is commonly found in the western Caspian Sea but many authors also reported it from southern Caspian Sea (Coad 2017). Taxonomy: Clupea caspia described from Caspian Sea. No types known. Svetovidov (Hureau and Monod 1973) placed in Alosa. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 d).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE25C9C24FF19568C24F7FD21.taxon	description	Clupea kessleri Grimm [O. von] 1887: 7, 16; Type locality: Volga River delta, Astrakhan. Lectotype: ZIN 15925. Paralectotypes: ZIN 15922 (1). Caspialosa volgensis bergi Tanassiychuk [N. P.] 1940: 103; Type locality: Near villiage of Nikolskoye, 240 km above Astrakhan, Volga Delta, northern Caspian Sea, Russia. Syntypes: (several) ZIN 29212 (1). Common name: Pr: Shagmahi-e-mohajer, Puzanok, Zalom, En: Caspian anadromous Shad, Volga herring, Black-spined herring. Diagnosis: Body fairly elongate, more “ herring-like ” than “ shad-like ”. Total gill rakers 57 to 95 (as in A. caspia), thick, coarse and shorter than gill filaments in some, long, thin and equal to or longer than gill filaments in others (i. e., A. volgensis 75 – 128 GR). Teeth found in both jaws and well-developed. Other Caspian shads have less than 50 gill rakers, except A. caspia which is deep-bodied. Meristic characters: D: III – V 12 – 16 (14), A: II – IV (III) 15 – 21 (18), P: 8 – 9, GR: 57 – 95, LL: 53 – 56, TV: 47 – 50 but Svetovidov (1952) report 50 – 54. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 35). In sea and along shores of the central and northern parts, but in south and especially southeast in winter. Enters northern rivers to spawn. In Iranian waters it is found in the southern Caspian Sea basin. Taxonomy: Whitehead et al. (1988) placed in Alosa. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 e).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE25C9C2BFC9D54AC2488FEE1.taxon	description	Alosa saposchnikowii Grimm [O. von] 1885: 2; Type locality: Delta of the Volga River [45.85 ° N, 47.57 ° E], Russia. Lectotype (?): ZIN 15921 (1 of 6, 200 mm). Paralectotypes: ZIN 15868 (? 6, now 5),? USNM [ex ZIN 15868] (1). Caspialosa caspia nigra Kisselevitz [K.] 1923: 115; Type locality: Caspian Sea opposite Dzambai. Syntypes: (10) MLSU (1), ZIN 15938 (2). Common name: Pr: Shagmahi-ye cheshmdorosht, En: Saposhnikovi shad, Big eye shad, Herring. Diagnosis: Body “ shad-like ”, head is straight in upper and lower profiles. Gill rakers usually shorter than gill filaments, moderately thick, short with pointed tips. Teeth found in both jaws and well-developed. Meristic characters: D: III – V (IV) 12 – 15 (13), A: II – IV (III) 15 – 21, P: 8 – 9, GR: 20 – 48, LL: 52 – 55, TV 47 – 53. Distribution: Caspian Sea (Fig. 37). Found throughout Caspian Sea, but more common in north and lower parts of Volga River. Taxonomy: The name is often spelled saposchnikovi erroneously. The original and correct spelling is saposchnikowii. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (Di Dario 2017 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2539C29FCB457EC262DFEA2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: shagmahi-ye Agrakhan, En: Round headed Shad, Agrakhan shad. Diagnosis: Body shape “ shad-like ”, upper and lower head profiles strongly rounded. Gill rakers rather long and thin, equal to or usually longer than gill filaments. Teeth found in both jaws and well-developed. The upper and lower head profiles are obviously rounded. The upper edge of the lower jaw is crescent-shaped. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (IV) 13 – 15, A: III – IV (III) 17 – 19, P: 9, GR: 26 – 46, TV: 47 – 51. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 38). More common in the northern and central regions, Confined to semi-saline waters. Non-anadromous, not entering freshwaters. Found in the eastern part at the north end of Caspian Sea in spawning season. Taxonomy: Whitehead et al. (1988) placed in Alosa. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Di Dario 2017 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2519C29FF6257ED2325FD01.taxon	description	Clupeonella delicatula caspia Svetovidov [A. N.] 1941: 808; Type locality: Volga Delta, Russia, Caspian Sea. Lectotype: ZIN 15883 (152 mm, jar not found in 1996). Paralectotypes: ZIN 15883 (5 juv.). Common name: Pr: Rizeh kuli, kilka-e-maamooli, En: Common shad Caspian sprat, Black Sea Sprat. Diagnosis: A moderately deep body, depth of caudal peduncle, a short and wide head, a sharply keeled belly, and pointed pectoral fin tips. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 11 – 14, A: I – III (III) 14 – 19, GR: 51 – 62, LL: 42 – 55, TV: 40 – 44. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 40). More common in the central and parts Southern of Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Kozlovsky in Hoestlandt (1991) classified as a subspecies of Clupeonella cultriventris also Bogutskaya and Naseka (2004) also considered it a synonym of Clupeonella cultriventris, but Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) consider this subspecies to be a distinct species found in the Caspian Sea with cultriventris restricted to the Black Sea, and they give Clupeonella caspia full species rank. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 m).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2519C28FCBD54CD2504FC3C.taxon	description	Paralectotypes: ZIN 16119 (1), 30983 (?), 42863 (9), 13860 (5 +, with lectotype). Common name: Pr: Kilka-ye anchovy, En: Anchovy sprat. Diagnosis: A slender body, a short and wide head, belly rounded, with 23 to 31 scutes, rounded pectoral fin tips, last two anal fin rays enlarged. Pterotic bulla absent. Females slightly larger than males. Meristic characters: D: III 12 – 14, A: III 12 – 23, P: 6 – 7, GR: 56 – 67, LL: 45 – 49, TV: 40 – 44. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 41). More common in the central and southern parts of the Caspian Sea. Mainly in open sea, only occasionally approaching the shore, sometimes massing in large schools, rising to the surface in the spring months. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Clupeonella. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated; PC: Least Concern. Anchovy sprat has widespread distribution and is reported to be abundant along the northern, southern and western shores of the Caspian Sea.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2509C28FF7455A3238CFCE1.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Kilka-ye cheshm dorosht, En: Bigeye kilka. Diagnosis: A moderately slender body, a long and narrow, a sharply keeled belly with 26 to 32 scutes, and rounded pectoral fin tips, last two anal fin rays enlarged, pterotic bulla absent and no notch at the center of the upper jaw. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 13 – 15, A: III 14 – 21, P: 6 – 7, GR: 42 – 51, LL: 44 – 49, TV: 44 – 49 (46 – 48). Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 42). More common in the central and southern parts of Caspian Sea. Mainly in open sea, only occasionally approaching the shore, sometimes massing in large schools, rising to the surface in the spring months. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated; PC: Least Concern. Southern Caspian sprat has widespread distribution and reported to be abundant along shores of southern and western Caspian Sea.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2509C2FFC8E55AD2487FEE2.taxon	description	Clupanodon ilisha Hamilton [F.] 1822: 243, 382; Type locality: Ganges estuaries, Patua, Goyakarra, Calcutta, and Dhasa, India. No types known. Clupea palasah Cuvier [G.] 1829: 320; Type locality: Vizagapatam, India. No types known, MNHN specimens are not types. Common name: Pr: Hilisha, Sobour, Zobur, En: Indian shad, River shad. Diagnosis: A terminal mouth, last dorsal fin ray not filamentous, belly with 30 to 33 scutes. Distinct median notch in upper jaw. Gill rakers fine and numerous, about 100 to 250 on lower part of arch. Fins hyaline. A dark blotch behind gill opening, followed by a series of small spots along flank in juveniles. Color in life, silver shot with gold and purple. Meristic characters: D: IV – V 12 – 14, A: II – III 14 – 16, P: 12 – 15, V: 7, GR: 240 – 280, LL: 44 – 51, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris, Persis and maybe Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 44) Taxonomy: Rahman (1989) placed this species in genus Hilsa but Whitehead et al. (1988) transferred this species to Tenualosa. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 ai).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2579C2DFCA2542D260CFB8C.taxon	description	Mugil chanos Forsskål [P. S.] 1775: 74, xiv; Type locality: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Holotype: ZMUC P 17154 (dry skin, primary specimen). Paratypes: ZMUC P 17751 [no. 110 b] (1). Mugil salmoneus Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801: 121, xxxii; Type locality: Pacific [Vanuattu, Tanna Island]. No types known. Chanos arabicus Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Forsskål) 1803: 395, 396; Type locality: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Syntypes: ZMUC P 17154 (dry skin, primary specimen), ZMUC P 17751 [no. 110 b] (1). Lutodeira indica van Hasselt [J. C.] 1823: 330; Type locality: Vizagapatam, India; Java, Indonesia. No types known. Possible types: RMNH 3369 (1). Cyprinus pala Cuvier [G.] 1829: 276; Type locality: Vizagapatam, India. No types known. Cyprinus tolo Cuvier [G.] 1829: 276; Type locality: Vizagapatam, India. No types known. Leuciscus zeylonicus Bennett [E. T.] 1833: 184; Type locality: Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1855.12. 26.288. Chanos aldrovandi Risso [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 176; Type locality: No locality. No types known. Chanos chloropterus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1847: 195; Type locality: Madapolam, India. No types known. Chanos cyprinella Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1847: 198; Type locality: Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 - 3624. Chanos lubina Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1847: 199 [not 533]; Type locality: Buru Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Lectotype: MNHN A- 9827. Paralectotypes: MNHN A – 9828 (1) Mauritias, A – 9829 (3) Seychelles. Chanos mento Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1847: 194; Type locality: Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3627 (1), 0000 – 3628 (2), 0000 – 3629 (2). Chanos nuchalis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1847: 196; Type locality: Vizagapaham, India. No types known. Chanos orientalis Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1847: 197; Type locality: Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): MNHN. Butirinus argenteus Jerdon [T. C.] 1849: 343; Type locality: Coondapoor, northern Canara, India. No types known. Butirinus maderaspatensis Jerdon [T. C.] 1849: 344; Type locality: Madras, India. No types known. Lutodeira (Chanos) mossambica Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852: 684; Type locality: Quisanga [Querimba], Mozambique. Holotype (unique): ZMB 6614. Also in Peters 1868: 93. Lutodira elongate Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1859: 412; Type locality: Sandwich Island [Hawaiian Islands or Vanuatu]. No types known. Chanos gardineri Regan [C. T.] 1902: 280; Type locality: North pool of Hulule Island, Male Atoll, Maldives, Indian Ocean. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1901.12.21.141 – 142 (2). Common name: Pr: Khame mahi, En: Milk fish. Diagnosis: Body elongate and somewhat compressed, mouth small and toothless, four branchiostegal rays, one dorsal fin, jaws toothless, caudal fin with 31 rays, pectoral fins falcate, body olive green, flanks silvery an fins dark bordered. Meristic characters: D: II 13 – 17, A: II 8 – 10, P: 15 – 17, V: 10 – 12, GR: 107 – 165, LL: 75 – 85. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 46). Taxonomy: Mugil chanos Forsskål, 1775 described from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Kyushin et al. (1977) placed in Chanos. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof et al. 2017 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2549C13FF6457CD27DFFEC1.taxon	description	Cyprinus dero Hamilton [F.] 1822: 277, 385; Type locality: Brahmaputra River, India. No types known. Cyprinus (Bengana) falcata Gray [J. E.] 1832: no page number; Type locality: Published about 11 July 1834. Gobio malacostomus McClelland [J.] 1839: 280; Type locality: Rapids in upper Assam. No types known. Chondrostoma semivelatus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 402; Type locality: Madras, India. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 1892. Cirrhina sindensis Day [F.] 1872: 319; Type locality: Sind Hills, Pakistan. Syntypes and / or Day specimens: AMS B. 7661 (1, syntype) Sind; BMNH 1889.2.1.253 (1), 1889.2.1.3767 – 68 (2); RMNH 2626 (1); ZSI 1530 (1). Labeo rilli Chaudhuri [B. L.] 1912: 439; Type locality: Gandak River, Saran, Bihar, northern India. Syntypes: ZSI F 4653 / 1 to 4656 / 1 (4). Labeo henshawi Fowler [H. W.] 1924: 98; Type locality: Kalla Weddee, India. Holotype: MCZ 4130. Paratypes: ANSP 65842 [ex MCZ 4129] (1); MCZ 4129 (orig. 5, now 3), 4131 (1), 57936 [ex MCZ 4130] (1); ZSI F 11237 / 1 (1). Common name: Pr: -, En: Kalabans. Diagnosis: An upper jaw fully enclosed by the lip and the median part of the upper lip is covered by the rostral fold. Meristic characters: D: II – III 9 – 12, A: II – III 5, P: 14 – 17, V: 7 – 8, GR: 33 – 35, LL: 38 – 44, TV:?. Distribution: Mashkid basins (Fig. 50). Only reported from Rotak River, in Sistan and Balochestan province, Eastern Iran. Taxonomy: Wu et al. (1977) placed in Sinilabeo and Shrestha (1978) in Labeo, but Kullander et al. (1999) transferred to Bangana. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Vishwanath 2010).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE26B9C11FF2B57CD267CFD41.taxon	description	Barbus caucasicus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 102; Type locality: Kura-Araks River system, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: (30) ZIN 2929 (6, lost), 2930 (12). Non-types: ZIN 2913 (3). Barbus goktschaicus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 105; Type locality: Sevan [Goktscha] Lake, Armenia. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1897.7.5.23 [ex ZIN] (1), ZIN 10921 (1). Capoeta fundulus var. toporovanica Kamensky [S. N.] 1897: 83; Type locality: Lake Taparovani, Georgia, Eurasia, elevation 1,990 m. Holotype (unique): not at ZIN. Barbus angustatus Kamensky [S. N.] 1899: 88 [German p. 153]; Type locality: Kura River near Borzhom, Caucasus. Holotype: ZIN 10416 (1 of 2, 167 mm). Barbus armenicus Kamensky [S. N.] (ex Kessler) 1899: 80; Type locality: Çildir Gölu, elevation 6,522 feet; Kars-chai, Turkey. Lectotype: ZIN 5198. Paralectotypes: (3) Caucasian Museum (whereabouts unknown). Barbus bortschalinicus Kamensky [S. N.] 1899: 67; Type locality: Borchala, Kura River basin, Georgia, eastern Asia. Syntypes: (3) not found at ZIN. Barbus cyri var. chaldanica Kamensky [S. N.] 1899: 62; Type locality: Andzhikent-tchay near Khaldan, Chaldyr Lake. Holotype (unique): not found at ZIN. Barbus cyri var. tiflissica Kamensky [S. N.] 1899: 60 [German p. 139]; Type locality: Kura River at Tbilisi, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (4) not found at ZIN. Barbus sursunicus Kamensky [S. N.] 1899: 76, 102, 148; Type locality: Zurzuna River, Azerbaijan. Berg figured specimen: ZIN 14740 (1 of 8, 260 mm female). Barbus urmianus Eagderi [S.], Nikmehr [N.], Çiçek [E.], Esmaeili [H. R.], Vatandoust [S.] & Mousavi-Sabet [H.] 2019: 240; Type locality: Mahabad-Chai River at Miriseh Village, Beytas City, western Azerbaijan province, Iran, 36 ° 29 ' 55.14 " N, 45 ° 33 ' 54.26 " E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT- 1079 – 8. Paratypes: IMNRF-UT, VMFC. Common name: Pr: Sas mahi, Orenj, Sas mahi Kura, En: Kura barbel. Diagnosis: Very similar to B. lacerta according to some authors (Khaefi et al. 2017), several characters can distinguish this species from others, i. e., tip of anal fin, when pressed to body, not reaching or reaching to middle of distance between base of last anal fin ray and lower caudal-fin origin, 3 – 6 (mode 5) scale rows between tip of anal fin and base of caudal fin, length of caudal peduncle 1.7 – 2.3 times longer than deep, snout short, its length 44 – 47 % of body depth at dorsal fin origin, maxillary barbel 12 – 30 % HL, not reaching to posterior eye margin, gular region rectangular, 60 – 70 % of posterior margin of last unbranched dorsal fin ray covered with denticles, eye diameter 2.5 – 2.9 times in snout length, median pad of lower lip wide and shallow. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 8 – 9 (8), A: III 5 – 6 (5), P: 13 – 18 (15 – 16), V: 7 – 9 (8), GR: 6 – 8, LL: 58 – 65, TV:?. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake basins (Fig. 52). Found in Aras River and its tributary the Qarasu, from the Astara to the Atrak Rivers, including the Anzali Wetland, the upper Sefidrud River drainage in the Qezel Owzan and Shahrud, Tajan, Babol, Haraz, Sardab, Aras, Hevigh, Tonekabon, Pol-e Rud and Sefidrud rivers (Caspian Sea basin). Talkheh, Nazlu Chay, Barandoz Chay, Kotar, Ghasemlo Chay, Ghale Chay, Gedar Chay, Sofi Chay, Shahr Chay and Zarrineh Rivers (Urmia Lake basin). Taxonomy: Berg (1949) consider this species synonym of Barbus lacerta but can be valid as subspecies, also Coad (1991) suppose synonym of B. lacerta however Levin et al. (2012) retained it as a full species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Due to their wide distribution in Caspian and Urmia Lake basins in Iran, but also in other countries as Turkey, Azerbaijan and Armenia, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE26F9C17FF1157AC2489FC82.taxon	description	Barbus miliaris De Filippi [F.] 1863: 393; Type locality: Teheran, Iran. Syntypes: MZUT 676 (3). Common name: Pr: Sas mahi Namak, Orenj-e Namak, En: Namak barbel. Diagnosis: More lateral line scale 69 – 87 (mode 77) and distribution can be used to identify this species. Meristic characters: D: IV 7 – 8 (8), A: IV 5, P: 14 – 17 (16), V: 8 – 10 (9), GR: 9 – 12 (10), LL: 69 – 87 (77), TV: 41 – 42. Distribution: Namak and Kavir basin (Fig. 58). Found in Gharachay, Mazlaghan (Namak basin), Hable and Namrud Rivers (Kavir basin). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). B. miliaris is a widely distributed and locally relatively abundant species but it has seen significant declines in the Namak and Kavir basins. While there are many threats affecting this species, it is able to inhabit reservoirs and other artificial water bodies which seem to buffer at least some the losses seen in natural rivers and streams. We estimated an EOO of less than 20,000 km 2 and AOO of less than 2,000, and so classified it as Near Threatened B 2 ab (i, ii, iii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE26E9C16FF68578D22A8FE81.taxon	description	Chondrostoma aculeatum Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 408; Type locality: Iran. Lectotype: MNHN 0000 – 2357. Paralectotypes: MNHN 1960 – 0611 [ex MNHN 0000 – 2357] (5). Scaphiodon macrolepis Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 259; Type locality: Confluents of Araxes River at Persepolis, Iran [Sivand River, Fars near Persepolis]. Syntypes: NMW 51653 (2), 55896 (2). Varicorhinus bergi Derjavin [A. N.] 1929: 72; Type locality: Karaj River, 30 km from Teheran, Iran. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi poolak dorosht, Siyah mahi fals dorosht, En: Large scale scraper. Diagnosis: This species similar to C. alburzensis but can be distinguished by shorter prepelvic length (53 – 56 vs. 56 – 61 % SL), longer snout (31 – 39 vs. 24 – 29 % HL), shorter barbel (10 – 12 vs. 18 – 22 % HL), transverse mouth (vs. straight), last unbranched ray weakly ossified and short serrae (more ossified and larger serrated), origin of scales with dark spot (vs. absence of spot on scales) (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016 c). Meristic characters: D: III – IV 8 – 9, A: III 6, P: 16 – 19, V: 9 – 10, GR: 19 – 23, LL: 39 – 43, TV: 40 – 42. Distribution: Tigris and Kor basins (Fig. 60). Found in Bashar, Bazoft, Armand, Karun and Kor Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species has many populations across its distribution range and no known major threat appears to affect them; therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE26D9C14FCB4578D268CFC7C.taxon	description	C 402 – 403 (2), C 405 – 411 (7), C 415 – 416 (2), C 418 (1), C 422 (1), C 426 (1). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Minab, En: Minab scraper. Diagnosis: This species belong to C. trutta complex and very similar to C. trutta but according to authors Zareian et al. (2016) combination of the following characters can distinguish this species from C. trutta: flank silvery without black spots, 56 – 67 scales in total along the lateral series, 11 – 12 scales above the lateral line and 21 – 25 gill rakers. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 8 – 9, A: III 5 – 6, P: 14 – 16, V: 7 – 8, GR: 21 – 25, LL: 56 – 67, TV:?. Distribution: Makran basin (Fig. 63). Found in The Minab and Hasan Langi Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Vulnerable B 2 b (i, ii) c (i, ii). This species is known only from Minab and Hasan Langi Rivers. It is found in some locations (with an AOO of less than 2,000 km 2) with threats related to habitat loss, degradation due to agricultural pollution and drought. We therefore classified it as Vulnerable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE26C9C14FF6D526324D7FCD1.taxon	description	Capoeta buhsei Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 85; Type locality: Probably Karaj River near Tehran, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 2330 (2). Varicorhinus nikolskii Derjavin [A. N.] 1929: 74; Type locality: Karaj River, 30 km from Teheran, Iran. Syntypes: (11) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Namak, Siyah fals riz, En: Namak scraper, Small scale scarper. Diagnosis: Low number of total gill raker (11 – 13), absence of a keel in front of the dorsal fin and distribution is the easiest factor for separating this species from others. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 8 – 9 (8), A: III 5, P: 14 – 19 (17 – 18), V: 7 – 9, GR: 11 – 13 (12 – 13), LL: 72 – 91, TV: 43 – 44. Distribution: Namak and Kavir basin (Fig. 65). Found in Jajurud, Namrud, Hableh, Gharachay, Karaj, Kharm Khosbi jan and Kordan Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Devi and Boguskaya 2009 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE26C9C1AFCEF551D27F5FD01.taxon	description	(Fig. 66) Cyprinus capoeta Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1773: 508; Type locality: Tiflis, Caspian Sea. No types known. Cyprinus fundulus Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1787: 222; Type locality: Kura River at Tbilisi. No types known. Scaphiodon asmussii Keyserling [E. von] 1861: 14 [17]; Type locality: Near Herat, Afghanistan. No types saved. Capoeta sevangi De Filippi [F.] 1865: 312; Type locality: Lake Sevan (= Goktscha), Armenia. Holotype (unique): MZUT 695. Capoeta (Scaphiodon) steindachneri Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 49 [5]; Type locality: Zeravshan River, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown, not ZIN 4493 – 95 (1, 2, 3). Capoeta hohenackeri Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 89; Type locality: Probably Kura-Araks river system, Azerbaijan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 2864. Capoeta gibbosa Nikolskii [A. M.] 1897: 344; Type locality: Bochsani [Bukhsani], se Khorasan, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 11104 (2). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi ghafghazi, Siyah mahi mamoli, En: Caucasian scraper. Diagnosis: This species is similar to C. aculeata and C. alborzensis but distinguished from them by a smaller scale size and a higher number of total lateral line scales (46 – 54 vs. 39 – 44). Meristic characters: D: III – IV 7 – 8 (7), A: III 5, P: 16 – 20 (18 – 19), V: 9 – 10, GR: 19 – 21, LL: 55 – 58, TV: 43 – 44. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake basins (Fig. 67). Found in Aras, Balekhlochay, Qarasu, Kargan River in the Caspian Sea, also Gedar, Baranduz chay, Nazlo chay, Zarineh, Simineh and Ghale chay Rivers in the Urmia Lake basin. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Varicorhinus but Coad (1991) transferred to Capoeta. Zareian et al. (2017) considered C. sevangi as a full and valid species without any clear justification; on the other hand, Ghanavi et al. (2016) using Cyt b genetic marker placed C. sevangi samples from Sevan Lake (Type locality of C. sevangi) nested within C. capoeta samples from Arpa and Aras Rivers (see Fig. 1 in Levin et al. 2012 and Figs. 4 – 5 in Ghanavi et al. 2016). In the mentioned study, samples from the Sevan Lake, apart from not forming any independent clade, differed from other samples of C. capoeta with less than 0.4 % genetic distance (closely related species in the same study had more than 1 % genetic distance). In addition, we could not separate this species using the morphological diagnostic characters suggested by Zareian et al. (2017). Therefore, we consider C. sevangi as a synonym of C. capoeta, as suggested by previous authors (Gabrielyan 2001; Turan et al. 2006; Ghanavi et al. 2016). Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 e).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2609C1FFC95570D27D0FD82.taxon	description	Varicorhinus capoeta angorae Hankó [B.] 1925: 147; Type locality: Bozanti, Asia Minor. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Scaphiodon fratercula Heckel [J. J.] 1843: 1059 [69]; Type locality: Damascus, Syria. No types at NMW. Scaphiodon peregrinorum Heckel [J. J.] 1843: 1061 [71]; Type locality: Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 51658 (1), 51660 – 65 (1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1);? RMNH 2681 [ex NMW] (3) Aleppo. Scaphiodon socialis Heckel [J. J.] 1843: 1061 [71]; Type locality: Damascus, Syria. Syntypes or holotype: NMW 55855 (1). Chondrostoma syriacum Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 407; Type locality: Abraham’s River at foot of Mount Sinai, Egypt. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 1945. Barbus belayewi Menon [M. A. S.] 1960: 144; Type locality: Tigris River, Bagdad, Iraq. Holotype: ZSI-F 1046 / 2. Paratypes: ZSI-F 1047 / 2 (1). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Dameshghi, Tu’ini, En: Damascus scarper, Levantine scraper. Diagnosis: Commonly 9 branched rays on dorsal fin and the presence of large black blotches on the flank. Meristic characters: D: IV – V (IV) 8 – 10 (9), A: III 5 – 6 (5), P: 17 – 21 (18 – 20), V: 9 – 10 (10), GR: 12 – 15, LL: 61 – 82 (70 – 74), TV: 44 – 47. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 72). Found in Sirvan River. Several previous authors reported populations of this species from most of Iran, but all these populations belong to other, closely related species, the majority of which have now been described (i. e., C. shajariani, C. pyragyi, and C. coadi). Taxonomy: Goren (1974) placed in Capoeta. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 f).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2679C1EFF6D544D2494FE02.taxon	description	Capoeta ferdowsii Jouladeh-Roudbar [A.], Eagderi [S.], Murillo-Ramos [L.], Ghanavi [H. R.] & Doadrio [I.] 2017: 138; Type locality: Tang-e Shiv River at Bekr sofla village, Zohreh River drainage, Tigris River basin, Fars Province, Iran, 30 ° 25 ' 26 " N, 51 ° 21 ' 55 " E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT 1111 – 61. Paratypes: IMNRF-UT 1111 (8). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Ferdowsi, En: Ferdowsi scraper. Diagnosis: Body elongate and cylindrical, one set maxillary barbel present, short, reaching vertical of anterior margin of pupil, last unbranched dorsal fin ray moderately ossified, serrated with flexible distal, 15 – 23 long serrae along its 40 – 60 % of posterior margin, narrowly spaced and moderately strong, 11 – 13 spin on lower limb, 23 – 25 circum-peduncular scales, 13 – 15 scales between dorsal fin origin and lateral line and 8 – 9 between anal fin origin and lateral line (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017 b). Meristic characters: D: IV 8 – 9, A: III 5, P: 15 – 17, V: 8, GR: 15 – 18, LL: 68 – 77, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 74). Found in Zohre and Fahlian River drainage in the Tigris basin. Taxonomy: Esmaeili et al. (2018) wrongly considered “ Karun River drainage, Beshar (Bashar) River at Tale Gah village, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad ” as type locality of C. ferdowsii, the mentioned type locality belongs to C. coadi. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). The population of this species is limited to the Zohreh and Fahlian Rivers, which have faced various severe droughts in recent years, and subsequently various habitats have been lost. This species meets the area requirements under criterion B for Critically Endangered and it is known from one location. However, continuing declines or extreme fluctuations in EOO, AOO, habitat quality or population size are possible but uncertain. The effects of water extraction and agriculture and pollution on this species are unknown and we classified it as Near Threatened B 2 ab (i, ii, iii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2669C1DFCBA57CD267CFD41.taxon	description	Capoeta fusca Nikolskii [A. M.] 1897: 340; Type locality: Mondechi and Kuss, Iran, probably Mandehi or Miandehi, 34 ° 53 ' N, 58 ° 38 ' E. Syntypes: ZIN 11108 – 12 (2,?, 5, 1, 1). Capoeta nudiventris Nikolskii [A. M.] 1897: 342; Type locality: Saride, eastern Iran [Sarideh, Iran, 34 ° 22 ' N, 58 ° 14 ' E]. Syntypes: ZIN 11105 – 06 (7, 3). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi qanati, Siyah mahi Kavir, En: Desert scarper, Qanat scarper. Diagnosis: Commonly 7 branched rays on dorsal fin, relatively low scale count and distribution can identify this species from others. Meristic characters: D: IV 7, A: III 5, P: 16 – 18, V: 8, GR: 19 – 21, LL: 52 – 55, TV: 40 – 43. Distribution: Hari, Kavir, Bejestan, Caspian (Fig. 76), also according to Zareian et al. (2017) found in Sistan and Lut basins but we cannot confirm the presence of this species from here. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least concern. Even considering severe drought trough the distribution range of this species, it still occurs in numerous independent populations and in relatively high population sizes. Consequently, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2659C1CFC82568C268CFD22.taxon	description	Scaphiodon gracilis Keyserling [E. Von] 1861: 9 [12]; Type locality: Rivers near Esfahan, central Iran. Syntypes: not saved. Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Esfahan, En: Esfahan scarper. Diagnosis: Diagnosis distinguished from other large-scaled Capoeta by more gill rakers on the first arch (20 – 25, mean 23) and larger scales in lateral line (32 – 46, mean 42). Meristic characters: D: III – IV 7 – 8 (8), A: III 5, P: 15 – 19 (17), V: 8 – 9 (8), GR: 20 – 25 (22 – 23), LL: 32 – 46 (37 – 40), TV: 39 – 40. Distribution: Esfahan basins (Fig. 78). Found in Zayandehrud River tributary. Previous report of this species from Caspian and Urmia Lake basin is related to C. razii. Taxonomy: Bianco and Bǎnǎrescu (1982) regard as subspecies of C. capoeta but Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2015 b) give it full species rank. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Vulnerable B 2 b (i, ii, iii) c (i, ii, iii). This species is known only from the middle part of Zayanderud River (with an AOO of less than 2,000 km 2 but more than 500 km 2) with threats related to habitat loss, degradation due to agricultural and industrial pollution. Therefore, we classified it as Vulnerable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2649C03FCEF568C25A5FC81.taxon	description	(Fig. 79) Scaphiodon heratensis Keyserling [E. von] 1861: 11 [15]; Type locality: Heri-rud at Herat, Afghanistan. No types saved. Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Harat, En: Herat scarper. Diagnosis: Two set of barbels easiest way to identified this species from other species of this genus in Iran. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 7 – 8 (7), A: III 5, P: 16 – 18 (18), V: 8, GR: 16 – 20, LL: 46 – 54, TV: 40 – 43 (41). Distribution: Hari basin (Fig. 80). Maybe translocated to Caspian Sea basin by people. Found in Harirud, Kalat, Zanglu and Kashaf Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) synonymised this species with Varicorhinus capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773), but consider it a valid subspecies, Coad (1991) placed heratensis in Capoeta capoeta (Güldenstädt 1773) as a subspecies, Levin et al. (2012) give it a full species rank. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Even if this species is widespread in its distribution range, the recent years droughts in the Harirud basin has destroyed many of its habitats. It occurs in more than 10 independent populations and is not thought to have declined (or will decline) fast enough to qualify for NT or any other threat category. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE27B9C02FC81568C2671FD81.taxon	description	Capoeta kaput Levin [B. A.], Prokofiev [A. M.] & Roubenyan [H. R.] 2019: 35; Type locality: Khoda Afarin Reservoir, Armenia, 39 ° 08 ' 34 " N, 46 ° 50 ' 21 " E. Holotype: ZMMU P – 23837. Paratypes: ZMMU. Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Aras, Siyah mahi Abi, En: Blue scraper. Diagnosis: One pair of barbels, last unbranched dorsal fin ray thick and serrated, 24 – 25 small rakers on first gill arch, usually 54 – 63 scales on lateral line, commonly 9 branched dorsal fin rays, mouth with horny cutting edge on lower jaw. Meristic characters: D: IV 8 – 9 (8), A: III 5, P: 15 – 19 (17), V: 8, GR: 24 – 25, LL: 52 – 60, TV: 46 – 48 (47). Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 82). Capoeta kaput is known from the Aras River. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. The blue scraper is a widespread species with no known major widespread threats. Thus, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE27A9C01FF76544D25A2FD01.taxon	description	Capoeta barroisi mandica Bianco [P. G.] & Bănărescu [P. M.] 1982: 90; Type locality: Mond River, near Dasht-e-Arzhan, Persian Gulf basin, Iran. Holotype: IZA 7890. Paratypes: ISBB 3123 (5), IZA 7891 (orig. 95), NMC 82 – 366 (6). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi mond, En: Mond scraper. Diagnosis: One set of barbels, last unbranched dorsal fin ray ossified, serrated and shorter than head length, commonly 8 branched dorsal fin rays, few black spots scattered on the dorsal and flank, 12 – 13 between dorsal and lateral line and 8 – 10 scales between lateral line and anal fin. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 7 – 8 (7), A: III 5, P: 16 – 18 (18), V: 8, GR: 23 – 27, LL: 58 – 68, TV: 43 – 45. Distribution: Persis basin (Fig. 84). Populations of this species occur in Qarah Aghaj and Rudbal River tributary of Mond River, in the Persis basin. Taxonomy: Coad (1991) placed mandica in Capoeta barroisi Lortet 1894 as a subspecies but Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2015 b) gave it the full species rank. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread in its distribution range and there is no widespread threat affecting it. This species is generally abundant in many parts of the Persis basin. We thus classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2799C00FF6054CD27C6FD41.taxon	description	Capoeta pyragyi Jouladeh-Roudbar [A.], Eagderi [S.], Murillo-Ramos [L.], Ghanavi [H. R.] & Doadrio [I.] 2017: 144; Type locality: Tire River at Kaghe Village, Sezar River drainage, Tigris River basin, Lorestan Province, Iran, 33 ° 37 ' 06 " N, 48 ° 58 ' 13 " E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT 1109 – 141. Paratypes: IMNRF-UT 1109 (16). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Faraghi, En: Pyragy scraper. Diagnosis: Body relatively high and compressed laterally, Mouth sexually dimorphic, arched in male and straight in female, 18 – 26 long serrae along its 50 – 60 % of posterior margin, narrowly spaced and moderately strong, 13 – 15 spin on lower limb, 25 – 27 circumpeduncular scales, 13 – 15 scales between dorsal fin origin and lateral line and 9 – 11 between anal fin origin and lateral line (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017 c). Meristic characters: D: IV 8 – 9, A: III 5, P: 15 – 17, V: 8, GR: 15 – 18, LL: 68 – 77, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 86). Found in from the Tireh and Sezar Rivers in the Tigris basin. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread in its distribution range. It occurs in more than five independent populations and is not thought to have declined (or will decline) fast enough to qualify for Near Threatened or another threat category. We thus classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE27F9C06FCA0544D24E3FC81.taxon	description	Scaphiodon amir Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 258; Type locality: Araxes River, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 16508 (1, dry), 46081 (6); RMNH 2682 [ex NMW] (1). Scaphiodon niger Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 258; Type locality: Araxes River, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 51654 – 56 (1, 2, 1). Scaphiodon chebisiensis Keyserling [E. Von] 1861: 5 [8]; Type locality: No types saved. Scaphiodon rostratus Keyserling [E. Von] 1861: 7 [10]; Holotype (unique): not saved. Capoeta capoeta intermedia Bianco [P. G.] & Bănărescu [P. M.] 1982: 86; Type locality: Mand River, near Akbar, southern Iran. Holotype: IZA 7892. Paratypes: CAS 48113 (1), ISBB uncat. (orig. 13), IZA 7893 (62), NMC 82 – 367 (6), USNM 227935 (1),? ZMH 6090 (1). Other specimens: IZA 7894 (2). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Saadi, En: Saadi scraper. Diagnosis: A wide range species and morphologic characters with a wide range in counts; combination of morphometric and meristic characters can be used to distinguish this species. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 8 – 9 (8), A: III 5, P: 16 – 18 (18), V: 8 – 10 (9), GR: 9 – 15 (10 – 11), LL: 63 – 99, TV: 42 – 46 (43 – 44). Distribution: A widely distributed species found in many stream and rivers in southern of Iran, more specifically in Kor River, Lake Maharlu, Makran, Persis, Hormuz, Kerman-Na’in, Sirjan, Lut, and Hamun-e Jaz Murian basins (Fig. 90). Taxonomy: Coad (1991) synonymised it with C. damascina, Bianco and Bǎnǎrescu 1982 consider it C. saadii. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread in its distribution range and there is no known widespread threat affecting it. This species is generally abundant to very abundant in many parts of its range. We therefore classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE27D9C05FF71568C24D9FC81.taxon	description	Capoeta shajariani Jouladeh-Roudbar [A.], Eagderi [S.], Murillo-Ramos [L.], Ghanavi [H. R.] & Doadrio [I.] 2017: 148; Type locality: Gamasiyab River near Doab Village, Tigris River drainage, Hamedan Province, Iran, 34 ° 22 ' 13 " N, 47 ° 54 ' 26 " E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT 1107 – 21. Paratypes: IMNRF-UT 1106 (10), IMNRF-UT 1107 (10). Common name: Pr: Siyah mahi Shajarian, En: Shajarian scraper. Diagnosis: One pair of barbels, maxillary barbel not reaching to pupil, last unbranched dorsal fin ray moderately ossified and serrated with flexible distal, 18 – 26 serrae on its posterior margin with serrations along 50 – 60 % of its posterior margin, lateral line with 70 – 77 scales, 13 – 15 scales between dorsal fin origin and lateral line and 9 – 11 scales between anal fin origin and lateral line (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017 c). Meristic characters: D: IV 9 – 10, A: III 5, P: 16 – 18, V: 9 – 10, GR: 25 – 27, LL: 70 – 77, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 92). Found in Gamasiab, Dinevar, Qarasu, Khoram (Khoram Abad), Aran and Sarab-e Maran Rivers in the Tigris River drainage. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread in its distribution range. It occurs in more than five independent populations and is not thought to have declined (or will decline) fast enough to qualify for Near Threatened or another threat category. We therefore classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2739C0AFC8C542D26DDFD62.taxon	description	(Fig. 97) Cyclocheilichthys kosswigi Ladiges [W.] 1960: 135; Type locality: Batman suyu [Batman Çayi], Turkey. Holotype (unique): ZMH H 1148. Common name: Pr: Abohanj, En: Kiss-lip himri. Diagnosis: Deep and compressed body, two pairs of barbels, 6 branched anal fin rays, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray markedly longer than head and ossified, large scales and 14 – 16 scales around caudal peduncle. Meristic characters: D: IV 9 – 11 (10), A: III 6, P: 15 – 17 (16), V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 10 – 14, LL: 32 – 38, TV: 43 – 46. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 98). Populations of this species are found in Khersan, Symareh, Kashgan, Karkheh, Karun and Dez Rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1982) placed it in Barbus Ekmekçi and Bǎnǎrescu (1998) placed in Kosswigobarbus, and Borkenhagen (2014) transferred it to Carasobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable A 2 ce; B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v) (Freyhof 2014 i).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2719C08FC83578D22AAFD42.taxon	description	Barbus sublimus Coad [B. W.] & Najafpour [N.] 1997: 274; Type locality: A’la River at Pol-e Tighen, 31 ° 23.5 ' N, 49 ° 53 ' E, Khuzestan Province, Iran. Holotype: CMNFI 1995 – 0009. Paratypes: CMNFI 1995 – 0009 A (1), 1995 – 0010 (1), 1995 – 0011 (3). Common name: Pr: Hemri, Zangol, En: Persian kiss-lip himri. Diagnosis: Low counts of lateral line scales (24 – 27) and fleshy lips. Meristic characters: D: IV 10 – 11 (10), A: III 6, P: 14 – 5, V: 8, GR: 10 – 15, LL: 24 – 27, TV: 37 – 38. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 102). Found in, Seymareh, A’la, Zohre and Fahlian Rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1982) placed it in Barbus, Esmaeili et al. (2010) placed it in Kosswigobarbus, and Borkenhagen et al. (2011) transferred it to Carasobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Vulnerable B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv). This species is generally relatively unknown. In our extensive sampling efforts over the last 10 years, four have been caught from Dez Damn (in 2008), three from Karun Damn (in 2008), one from Seimareh River (in 2012) and five from Zohreh River (in 2016). Rare records from other colleagues are also based usually on few widespread samples. There is no recent record of the species from Turkey or Syria, but only from south west Iran and north east Iraq. Hence, we think that the species occurs in fewer than five highly fragmented localities, the area of occupancy (AOO) is less than 2,000 km ², and its populations are decreasing (probably owing to drought and pollution). Therefore, we classified it as Vulnerable B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2779C0EFF13574D26ACFBAC.taxon	description	Cyprinus auratus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 322; Type locality: China; Japanese rivers. No types known. Cyprinus auratus kinyu Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 25; Type locality: No locality stated. No types known. Cyprinus quadrilobatus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 494, 554; Type locality: Based on Chinese paintings. Cyprinus mauritianus Bennett [E. T.] 1832: 167; Type locality: Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. No types known. Cyprinus gibelioides Cantor [T. E.] 1842: 485; Type locality: Chusan Island, China. No types known. Cyprinus thoracatus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842: 97; Type locality: Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 0849 (2), 0000 – 1043 (4), 0000 – 3376 (1), 0000 – 3377 to 3378 (3). Cyprinus abbreviatus Richardson [J.] 1846: 292; Type locality: Canton, China. No types known. Carassius burgeri Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 194; Type locality: Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2392. Paralectotypes: (12) RMNH 2389 (4), 2390 (1), 2391 (2), 36375 (2). Carassius grandoculis Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 195; Type locality: Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 2393. Leuciscus auratus Mauduyt [F.] 1849: 32. Cyprinus chinensis Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 181; Type locality: Chinese rivers. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.149 – 152 (4, skins). Carassius coeruleus Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 229; Type locality: Northern China. No types at ZIN. Carassius discolor Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 229; Type locality: Northern China. No types at ZIN. Carassius pekinensis Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 229; Type locality: Beijing, China. No types at ZIN. Cyprinus maillardi Guichenot [A.] 1863: C- 14; Type locality: Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 1319 (poor condition). Neocarassius ventricosus Castelnau [F. L.] 1872: 237; Type locality: Saltwater River, Footscray, Victoria, Australia. Syntypes: (2). Carassius aponicus Mulertt [H.] 1883: 14; Type locality: Aquarium specimens, domesticated fish (Japan). No types known. Carassius orientalis Mulertt [H.] 1883: 20; Type locality: Aquarium specimens, domesticated form (China). No types known. Carassius auratus macrophthalmos Dürigen [B.] 1886: 27; Type locality: Aquarium specimens, domesticated form (China). No types known. Carassius auratus ater Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus coeruleus Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus discolor Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus elegans Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus gyrantes Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus italianus Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus magnificus Bade [E.] 1894: 12; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus ploetzia Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus quadricolor Bade [E.] 1894: 13; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus ruber Bade [E.] 1894: 12; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus longicaudatus Dürigen [B.] 1897: 199; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium form. No types known. Carassius auratus ovatus Dürigen [B.] 1897: 224; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus var. oviformis Zernecke [E.] 1897: 144; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus var. simplex Zernecke [E.] 1897: 140; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium fish. No types known. Carassius auratus var. uranoscopus Zernecke [E.] 1897: 143; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium form. No types known. Carassius auratus uranoscopus Dürigen [B.] 1897: 224; Type locality: Domesticated aquarium form. No types known. Carassius auratus var. americanus Wolf [H. T.] 1908: 39 [ref. 34771]; Type locality: Domesticated goldfish. No types known. Carassius auratus var. europensis Wolf [H. T.] 1908: 39; Type locality: Domesticated goldfish. No types known. Cyprinus coeruleus Brind [W. L.] 1914: 25; Type locality: Japan. No types known. Carassius auratus var. cantonensis Tchang [T. - L.] 1933: 27; Type locality: Canton, China. Holotype (unique): ZMFMIB (now ASIZB) 9236. Carassius auratus var. wui Tchang [T. - L.] 1930: 65; Type locality: Chekiang, China. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1934 – 0014. Carassius auratus argenteaphthalmus Nguyen [V. H.] in Nguyen & Ngo 2001: 570; Type locality: Diên Biên Phu, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Holotype: VNCNTTS I: H. 01.105.02.01. Paratypes: VNCNTTS I: H. 01.105.02.02 (5). Common name: Pr: Oshin, Karas, Kaporche, Mahi Talayi, En: Goldfish. Diagnosis: Golden-brown or bronze color, last simple anal and dorsal rays strongly serrated, 38 – 47 gill rakers, 26 – 31 lateral line scales, free edge of dorsal concave or straight, usually 5 branched anal rays and black peritoneum. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 16 – 20, A: II – IV (III) 5 – 6 (5), P: 11 – 17, V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 31 – 36, LL: 28 – 30, TV: 32. Distribution: Introduced widely; found in all basins of Iran. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Carassius. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, Huckstorf and Freyhof 2013), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2769C0EFF4252132309FCDC.taxon	description	Cyprinus gibelio Bloch [M. E.] 1782: 71; Type locality: Olsche River pond, Odra River system, near Czech Teschen, Czech Republic, 49 ° 47 ' 11 " N, 18 ° 35 ' 24 " E. Neotype: ZMB 33979. Cyprinus var. minor Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Klein) 1792: 17; Type locality: Sweden. No types known. Carassius bucephalus Heckel [J. J.] 1839: 157; Type locality: Near Salonika, Macedonia, Greece. Syntypes: NMW 56151 (2). Cyprinus amarus Koch [C. L.] 1840: 39; Type locality: Regensburg, Germany. No types known. Carassius vulgaris var. kolenty Dybowski [B. N.] 1877: 11; Type locality: Amur River System, Russia. Syntypes: (many) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Oshin, Karas, Kaporche, Mahi Talayi, En: Prussian carp. Diagnosis: Last simple anal and dorsal rays strongly serrated, 37 – 52 gill rakers, 29 – 33 total lateral line scales, free edge of dorsal concave or straight, 5 branched anal rays and black peritoneum. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 16 – 20, A: II – IV (III) 5 – 6 (5), P: 11 – 17, V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 37 – 52, LL: 29 – 33, TV: 32. Distribution: Introduced widely; found in all basins of Iran. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed gibelio in Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) as a subspecies but (Kottelat 1997) give it full species rank. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2749C73FF5757ED263CFEA1.taxon	description	Scaphiodon microphthalmus Day [F.] 1880: 227 [5]; Type locality: Quetta, Pakistan. Syntypes and / or Day specimens: (2) NMW 55897 (1). Common name: Pr: Butak sharghi, En: Small eys Butak. Meristic characters: D: IV 10 – 11, A: III 6 – 8, P: 10 – 12, V: 7 – 8, GR: 10 – 17, LL: 37 – 39, TV: 36 – 40. Diagnosis: The arched mouth, usually 10 – 11, branched dorsal fin rays and dark black blotch on caudal peduncle serve to identify this species. Distribution: Makran, Mashkid, Sistan, Sirjan, Jazmurian, Lut, Hormuz and Kavir basins (Fig. 110). Reported from several rivers and qanats in eastern and southern of Iran. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread and occurs in more than 10 independent populations and is not thought to have declined. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE20B9C72FF2D572D27C6FDE1.taxon	description	Barbus milesi Day [F.] 1880: 228 [6]; Type locality: Trál, Afghanistan. Syntypes: (2)? NMW 52736 (1). Non-types, as a variety: (3). Barbus bampurensis Nikolskii [A. M.] 1900: 410 [36]; Type locality: Bampur, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 11715 (5). Scaphiodon daukesi Zugmayer [E.] 1912: 596; Type locality: Irrigation channels and pools near Panjgur, Baluchistan, Pakistan. Syntypes: NMW 19784 [ex ZSM] (1);? ZSI F 8028 / 1 [ex ZSM] (1), F 8032 / 1 [ex ZSM] (1); ZSM [old collection] (orig. 10) destroyed in WW II. Barbus baschakirdi Holly [M.] 1929: 62 [1]; Type locality: Guadjk, southeastern Iran. Holotype (unique): NMW 13798. Common name: Pr: Sabzug, Lutak sharghi, En: Eastern lotak. Diagnosis: Oblique mouth which longer in lateral view than C. watsoni. Meristic characters: D: III 10 – 13, A: II 7, P: 14 – 16, V: 7 – 8, GR: 13 – 16, LL: 34 – 39, TV: 37 – 39. Distribution: Makran basin (Fig. 112). Confirmed specimen recorded from Sarbaz River. Esmaeili et al. (2017 2018) reported this species from Mashkid, Hamun-e Jaz Murian and Hormuz basins which we think is a misidentification and is actually another species in this genus. Taxonomy: Talwar and Jhingaran (1991) placed in Cyprinion. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. The status of its populations and distribution range are not clear, and our own sampling expeditions did not confirm its occurrence in the mentioned basins. There is no information on the species from the neighboring countries either. Consequently, we believe that more data are needed to evaluate its conservation category.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE20A9C71FCEB568C2525FD22.taxon	description	Cyprinion tenuiradius Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 261; Type locality: Araxes and Kara Agatsch rivers. Lectotype: NMW 52814 (largest, 113 mm SL). Paralectotypes: NMW 52808 – 13 (1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2), 52815 – 17 (1, 1, 1); RMNH 2486 [ex NMW] (2). Common name: Pr: Lotak Qarah Aqaj, En: Qarah Aqaj lotak. Diagnosis: Very similar to C. macrostomum but, distribution and a weak spine distinguish this taxon. The dorsal fin spine in macrostomum has teeth extending further along the spine, teeth are more well-developed even near the tip. Spine teeth in tenuiradius are more graded in size as they near the tip and are finer than in macrostomum. Meristic characters: D: IV 11 – 15, A: III 6 – 8 (7), P: 13 – 18, V: 7 – 9, GR: 10 – 21, LL: 32 – 39, TV: 37 – 39. Distribution: Persis basins (Fig. 114). Found in Dalaki, Qarah Aghaj and Mond Rivers drainage. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. There are many populations of this species in its distribution range, and they do not appear to be affected by losses in their habitat due to the recent years droughts and dam constructions.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2099C70FC55568C245EFE02.taxon	description	Scaphiodon watsoni Day [F.] 1872: 324; Type locality: Rivers on Sind Hills, Pakistan and the Salt Range of the Punjab. Syntypes and / or Day specimens: AMS B. 7751 (1, syntype); BMNH 1889.2.1.370 – 379 (10) Bird I.; NMW 51671 – 73 (1, 1, 1); FMNH 2303 (4); RMNH 8704 [? = 2552] (1); ZIN 8278 (4); ZMA 115924 – 25 (2, 1); ZMB 11042 (1); ZSI 2596 (1). Scaphiodon muscatensis Boulenger [G. A.] 1888: 665; Type locality: Muscat, Oman, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1885.11.7.35 – 40 (6), 1887.11.11.289 – 291 (3). Cirrhina afghana Günther [A.] 1889: 106; Type locality: Nushki district, Balochistan, Pakistan. Syntypes: BMNH 1886.9.21.155 – 159 (6) [Nushki] Kushk, 1886.9.21.150 – 154 (now 4) [Nushki] Kushk; ZSI F 11474 – 6 (3), F 11479 – 85 (7). Cyprinion kirmanense Nikolskii [A. M.] 1900: 412 [38]; Type locality: Kirman, central Iran. Holotype (unique): ZIN 11712. Scaphiodon macmahoni Regan [C. T.] 1906: 8; Type locality: Delta of Helmand River, Helmand River basin, between Iran and Afganistan. Syntypes: BMNH 1905.11.29.27 (1) Seistan, Afghanistan; ZSI F 1239 / 1 (1). Scaphiodon baluchiorum Jenkins [J. T.] 1910: 124; Type locality: Gishtigan (Bampusht), Baluchistan, elevation 3,500 feet. Syntypes: ZSI F 9398 – 9400 (3). Scaphiodon watsoni var. belense Zugmayer [E.] 1912: 596; Type locality: Porali River, near Las Bela, Baluchistan, Pakistan. Syntypes: NMW 19833 [ex ZSM] (2);? ZSI F 827 / 1 (1), F 8029 / 1 (1), F 8030 / 1 (1), F 8031 / 1 (1); ZSM [old collection] (orig. 42) destroyed in WWII. Scaphiodon reading Hora [S. L.] 1923: 379; Type locality: Salt Range, Khewrah gorge, Jhelum, Punjab, India [now in Pakistan], elevation about 2,000 feet. Syntypes: ZMMU P – 1588 (1); ZSI F 10353 / 1 to 10354 / 1 (27). Semiplotus dayi Fowler [H. W.] 1958: 11; Type locality: River near Gwadur [Gwadar], Baluchistan, Pakistan; Trál, Afganistan. Syntypes: (1 described, plus 2) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Lotak Hendi, En: Indus lotak. Diagnosis: Anal fin branched rays modally 7, dorsal fin branched rays usually 10 – 11 and lateral line scales 31 – 43. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 9 – 12, A: I – III 6 – 8 (7), P: 11 – 18 (15 – 17), V: 6 – 9 (8), GR: 8 – 18, LL: 31 – 43, TV: 38. Distribution: This species may be limited to the waters of Pakistan, and are not found in Iran (Fig. 115). Needs further study. Taxonomy: Bianco and Bǎnǎrescu (1982) placed in Cyprinion. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Harrison 2015).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2089C77FC88578D2226FC91.taxon	description	Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 320; Type locality: Europe. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.139 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch [M. E.] 1782: 107, 193; Type locality: Near Torgau, Elbe River, Sachsen, Germany; [Franken] Bavaria, Germany; [Böhmen] Czech Republic. Syntypes: ZMB 3195 (2), 32626 (1, left skin). Cyprinus nudus Bloch [M. E.] 1784: 178; Type locality: Schlesien, Poland. No types known. Cyprinus regius Nau [B. S.] 1791: 29. Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch 1782. Cyprinus carpio var. caspicus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 17; Type locality: Mouths of rivers Volga and Tanais [Don], Russia and Ukraine. No types known. Cyprinus rex Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 24; Type locality: Germany and Czech Republic. No types known. Cyprinus macrolepidotus Meidinger [C. von] 1794: xli; Type locality: Danube River, Austria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Cyprinus rondeletii Shaw [G.] in Shaw & Nodder 1802: no page number; Type locality: Lyon, France. No types known. Cyprinus coriaceus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 489, 528; Unneeded new name for Cyprinus nudus Bloch 1784. Cyprinus specularis Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 489, 528; Unneeded new name for Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch 1782. Cyprinus viridescens Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 492, 541; Type locality: Rouen, France. No types known. Cyprinus macrolepidotus Schinz [H. R.] 1822: 320. Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus rexcyprinorum Bloch 1797. Cyprinus macrolepidotus Hartmann [G. L.] 1827: 183; Type locality: Lake Constance, Switzerland. No types known. Cyprinus carpio var. lacustris Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832: 333; Type locality: Neusiedler Lake, Austria. No types known. Cyprinus elatus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1836: fasc. 18, punt. 92; Type locality: Lake Bracciano and Lake Vico near Ronciglione and ditches leading to Lake Trajano, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6614 (1). Cyprinus hungaricus Heckel [J. J.] 1836: 222; Type locality: Neusiedler Lake, Hungary and Austria. Syntypes:? NMW 10958 – 59 (2). Cyprinus regina Bonaparte [C. L.] 1836: fasc. 18, punt. 92; Type locality: Rivers Arno, Tevere and Aniene, lakes Trasimeno and Bracciano, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6616 – 23 (8), MNHN 0000 – 0751 (1), USNM 2863 [= 10144] (2). Cyprinus nordmannii Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842: 66; Type locality: Market in Odessa, from rivers Dniester and Bug, Ukraine. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3375. Carpio vulgaris Rapp [W. L. von] 1854: 141; Type locality: Lake Constance, central Europe. No types known. Cyprinus specularis Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 178; Type locality: Danube River. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.140 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Cyprinus carpio var. gibbosus Kessler [K. F.] 1856: 35; Type locality: Dnieper River near Dniepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Syntypes: none found at ZIN. Cyprinus acuminatus Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857: 58; Type locality: Danube River, Neusiedler Lake and Plattensee (Balaton Lake), Austria and Hungary. Syntypes: NMW 52846 (2), 52854 – 55 (1, 1), 52927 – 29 (1, 1, 1), 52950 (9), 53403 (2). Cyprinus bithynicus Richardson [J.] 1857: 372; Type locality: Lake Apollonia [Apulyont], northwestern Turkey. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1856.5. 2.7. Cyprinus carpio var. elongatus Walecki [A.] 1863: 341, 359; Unneeded new name for Cyprinus hungaricus Heckel 1836. Cyprinus carpio var. oblongus Antipa [G.] 1909: 117; Type locality: Danube River delta, Romania. No types known. Cyprinus carpio anatolicus Hankó [B.] 1925: 150; Type locality: River and Eski-Chehir and Kötschke-Kissik, Turkey. Syntypes: (6) whereabouts unknown. Cyprinus carpio fluviatilis Pravdin [I. F.] 1945: 11; Type locality: Flood-plain lakes of Volga River near Saratov, Russia. Syntypes: Whereabouts unknown. Cyprinus carpio communis Anonymous in Arun et al. 1996: 103. Common name: Pr: Kapor, Kapor mamoli, En: Carp, Common Carp. Diagnosis: Long dorsal fin, last unbranched dorsal anal ray bony and serrated posteriorly, and the two pairs of barbels. Meristic characters: D: II – V 14 – 23 (18 – 29), A: II – IV (III) 3 – 7 (5), P: 13 – 19, V: 5 – 9 (8), GR: 18 – 26, LL: 26 – 41 (36 – 39), TV: 36 – 39. Distribution: Native to the Caspian Sea basin. Introduced widely to all basins in Iran. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable A 2 ce (Native population, Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 o).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE20E9C75FCBB544D2201FE02.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gel cheragh-e ziba, En: Elegant garra. Diagnosis: Distinguished from the closely related species of the Garra from Iran by the possession of a shallow mental disc completely fused with the chin (vs. mental disc fully developed and structured), no tubercles on the head (vs. tubercles present) and a naked breast and belly (vs. belly covered by scales, breast naked or covered by scales). Meristic characters: D: III 7, A: III 5, P: 12 – 13, V: 7 – 8, GR: 17 – 23, LL: 32 – 37, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 119). According to Coad (2015) and Freyhof (2016 b) found in lower past of Tigris, Little Zab and Sirvan Rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1981) placed in Hemigarra, Coad (1991) in Hemigrammo capoeta and Behrens-Chapuis et al. (2015) transferred to Garra. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. Not enough information about the distribution or population sizes of this species is available. Therefore, we classified it as Data Deficient.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2029C7AFF62572D2331FD41.taxon	description	Discognathus rossicus var. nudiventris Berg [L. S.] 1905: 52; Type locality: Shivar [Seistan / Southern Baluchistan], north-east Kerman, Persia. Syntypes: ZIN 11113 (2). Discognathus phryne Annandale [N.] 1919: 70; Type loclity: Nasratabad, Seistan, eastern Iran, elevation 2,000 feet. Holotype: ZSI F 9787 / 1. Paratypes: BMNH 1919.8.16.1 (1), 1919.8.16.2 (1). Common name: Pr: Gel cheraghe shekam berahne, Gel cheraghe Lut, En: Lut garra. Diagnosis: Distinguished from all other species of Garra in Iran except G. mondica by having the predorsal mid-line region and belly naked. Meristic characters: D: III 6 – 7, A: III 5, P: 12 – 13, V: 7 – 8, GR: 10 – 11, LL: 36 – 42, TV:?. Distribution: Lut basin (Fig. 127). Only found in Kalat-e Baba Qanat. Taxonomy: Esmaeili et al. (2016 b) regard as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. It is known from only one locality in Iran and there is no information about its population status or distribution range in any other neighboring countries. Hence, we consider the information available for this species as insufficient for any assessment of its conservation category.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2019C79FF29568C2259FE61.taxon	description	Garra persica Berg [L. S.] 1914: 61; Type locality: Bampur River, southern Iran; Kiabad in Zirkuh, eastern Khorassan. Syntypes: (7) ZIN 11706 – 07 (1, 6). Non-types:? ZSI F 11101 / 1 (3). Common name: Pr: Gel cheraghe Parsi, En: Persian Garra. Diagnosis: Usually 8 + 8 caudal-fin rays and 6 – 7 branched dorsal fin rays. Meristic characters: D: III 6 – 7, A: III 5, P: 12 – 13, V: 6 – 7, GR: 17 – 19, LL: 32 – 40, TV: 33 – 36 (34). Distribution: Hamun-e Jaz Murian, Makran and Hormuz basins (Fig. 129). Found in Rudan and Kol River drainage and also Shour, Bampour and Karvandar Rivers. Taxonomy: Correct type locality is unknown. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Persian Garra has a relatively large distribution range and there is no known widespread threat affecting it. Apart from the large distribution range, this species is generally abundant to very abundant in many parts of its range. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2019C78FC81546D2510FD47.taxon	description	GUIC 7847. Paratypes: FSJF 4071 (4), VMFC GR-P 1122 (22). Common name: Pr: Gel cheraghe Makran, En: Makran Garra. Diagnosis: No barbels, mouth with a small mental disc, 42 – 58 scales on the lateral line, predorsal midline with 24 – 30, and 20 – 24 circumpeduncular scales. Meristic characters: D: III 6 – 8 (7), A: III 5, P: 10 – 12 (10 – 11), V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 11 – 13, LL: 42 – 58, TV:?. Distribution: Makran basin (Fig. 130). Occurring in Tang-e-Sarhe stream. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated; PC: Data Deficient. This species has been described recently and lacks enough information to be assessed.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2009C7FFCBF568C25E5FDA1.taxon	description	Discognathus rossicus Nikolskii [A. M.] 1900: 239; Type locality: Tedzhen River, Turkmenistan; rivers in eastern Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 10365 [not 10665] (4, now 3), 11113 (6), 11703 – 05 (6 +, 6, 6), 11708 (6). Common name: Pr: Gel cheraghe Ross, Gel cheraghe Hari, En: Russian garra, Hari garra. Diagnosis: Distinguished from all other species of Garra in Iran except G. nudiventris by having the weak developed mental disc (vs. well-developed), one or two short barbels (vs. two large) and low total gill rakers (11 – 15 vs. 17 – 24). Meristic characters: D: III 7, A: III 5, P: 12 – 13, V: 7, GR: 11 – 15, LL: 35 – 42, TV: 34 – 36. Distribution: Hari, Bejestan, Sistan, Lut, Makran, Mashkid, Jazmurian and Kavir (Fig. 132). Found in Hari, Neyshabour, Kalat, Nobahar, Irandegan, Karvandar and Golbahar Rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1981) placed in Garra. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species occurs in many localities and probably various populations and in high population sizes. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2069C7DFF5557AD2503FE02.taxon	description	Garra tashanensis, Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.], Fatemi [Y.] & Eagderi [S.] 2016: 135; Type locality: Tashan Cave, Tigris River drainage, Persian Gulf basin, Khuzestan Province, Iran, 30 ° 51 ' 91 " N, 50 ° 10 ' 49 " E, elevation 490 m. Holotype: VMFC GT-H. Paratypes: VMFC GT-P (3). Common name: Pr: Mahi kor-e Tashan, En: Tashan cave blind fish. Diagnosis: Two pairs of barbels, lacking pigment and eyes, a round and well-developed mental disc, a well-developed rostral cap, lateral line without any obvious pores and anterior body with scatter scales. Meristic characters: D: III 7, A: III 4 – 5, P: 12 – 14, V: 6 – 7, GR:?, LL: naked, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 136). Only found in Tashan cave close to Behbahan County. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii). This species is described from few individuals (50 – 100), found only in one locality which is formed by two pools of around 50 m 2. There is no visible water current in the pool systems which make very hard to access and study the population inhabiting in the cave. The species is therefore only found in one location (Tashan cave) where it is threatened by drought, so we consider this species to be Critically Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2059C7DFF0E57CD22A6FD02.taxon	description	Iranocypris typhlops Bruun [A. F.] & Kaiser [E. W.] 1944: 5; Type Locality: From a flood resurgence at Kaaje-Ru, valley of Abi-Serum, Lorestan Province, Zagros mountains, Iran, 33 ° 05 ' N, 48 ° 36 ' E (33 ° 04 ' 39 " N, 48 ° 35 ' 33 " E). Holotype: ZMUC P 26475. Paratypes: ZMUC P 26476 – 80 (5). Common name: Pr: Mahi kor-e ghar, En: Zagros cave garra. Diagnosis: Distinguished from all other Garra species in Iran except G. lorestanensis by laking eyes and a depigmented body. It is also differs from G. lorestanensis by lacking mental disc (vs. well-developed mental disc). Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 8, A: III 4 – 5, P: 14 – 17, V: 5 – 7, GR: 20 – 24, LL: 10 – 13, TV: 34 – 36 (34). Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 138). Found in Loen cave (Lorestan prov.), a tunnel close to Seymareh Dam (Ilam prov) and Tuveh fountain (Khozestan prov.). Taxonomy: Hamidan et al. (2014) placed in Garra. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable D 2 (ver 2.3; World Conservation Monitoring Centre 2018), PC: Least Concern. See G. lorestanensis for justicication.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2049C7CFF4B578C220FFD61.taxon	description	Barbus barbulus Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 256; Type locality: Kara Agatsch River, Iran; Kueik River at Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 6596 (1). Common name: Pr: Berzom, Charsol, Sas mahi lab pahn, En: Persis barbel, Qarah Aqaj barbel. Diagnosis: Two pairs of barbels, last unbranched dorsal fin spine serrated and very strong, usually 8 dorsal fin rays (never 10), fleshy and well-developed lips, and 47 or more lateral line scales. Meristic characters: D: IV 8 – 9 (8), A: III 5, P: 17 – 19, V: 8 – 9 (8), GR: 15 – 24, LL: 47 – 59, TV: 44. Distribution: Tigris and Persis basins (Fig. 140). Found in Karun, Mond, Sirvan, Jarahi, Zohre, Rudbal, Fahlian, Dez, Qarah Aqaj, Shapor, Jarrahi, Zohre, Zemkan, Dalaki and Gamasiab rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1996) placed in Barbus but Esmaeili et al. (2010) transferred to Luciobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species has a relatively large distribution range and there is no known widespread threat affecting it. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE21B9C63FF6B568C2303FC81.taxon	description	Barbus obtusirostris Yakovlev [V. E.] 1870: 102 [2]; Type locality: Volga River Delta, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Barbus brachycephalus Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 52 [8]; Type locality: Syr-Darya River, central Asia. Syntypes: NMW 53971 – 73 (1, 2, 1); ZIN 5759 (1, not found in 2000), 5878 (1, not found in 1996 or 2000). Barbus platyrostris Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 52; Type locality: Aksu River, tributary to Lake Balchasch, Turkistan. Holotype: ZIN 2167. Barbus brachycephalus caspius Berg [L. S.] 1914: 612; Type locality: Caspian Sea basin. Syntypes: ZIN 2982 (8), 3895 (10), 9108 (1, misidentified), 9109 (2), 9117 – 18 (11, 1), 9124 (8), 10619 (apparently lost). Common name: Pr: Sas mahi-e sar kochak, Zarde par, Orenj, Pr: Aral barbel. Diagnosis: Postdorsal length longer than predorsal length. dorsal fin usually with 7 branched rays, back between head and dorsal origin laterally compressed, forming a keel, lateral line usually 65 – 77 scales, upper lip thick, lower lip thin and without median lobe or pad. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (IV) 6 – 8 (7), A: II – III (III) 5 – 6 (5), P: 14 – 17, V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 16 – 25, LL: 65 – 72, TV: 46 – 49 (48). Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 142). Reported from all Caspian Sea coast some years ago, now rarely found in Sefidrud River, Anzali Wetland and Gilan coast. Taxonomy: Bogutskaya and Naseka (2004) placed in Luciobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable A 2 cd (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 v).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE21A9C61FF76568C26BCFDC1.taxon	description	Cyprinus capito Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1773: 519, 520; Type locality: Kura River, Transcaucasia. No types known. Barbus lacertoides Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 51 [7]; Type locality: Khodzhent [Leninabad], Syr Darya River, Tajikistan. Syntypes: (5)? NMW 54235 (2), none at ZIN. Cyprinus bulatmai Hablizl [C. L.] 1783: 6; Type locality: Enzelli (Enzeli, Bandar-e-Anzali), estuary of Enzeli River, Caspian Sea watershed in northern Iran. No types known. Cyprinus chalybeus Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Hablizl) 1792: 24; Type locality: Enzelli (Enzeli, Bandar-e-Anzali), estuary of Enzeli River, Caspian Sea watershed in northern Iran. No types known. Cyprinus chalybatus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 292; Type locality: Southern Caspian Sea. No types known. Barbus bilkewitschi Bulgakov [G. P.] 1923: 236; Type locality: Atrek River, southeastern watershed of Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Barbus capito serratus Sokolinskii [N. N.] 1927: 173; Type locality: Southern Caspian Sea. Syntypes: (9). Barbus capito capito natio platycephalus Abdurakhmanov [Y. A.] 1960: 801; Type locality: Kura River basin. Syntypes: (28) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Sas mahi-e sar bozorg, Zarde par, Orenj, Pr: Bulatmai barbel. Diagnosis: Postdorsal length smaller than predorsal length, dorsal fin with 8 branched rays, back between head and dorsal origin laterally compressed, forming a keel and lower lip thin, without median lobe or pad. Meristic characters: D: IV – V 7 – 9 (8), A: II – IV (III) 5 – 6 (5), P: 16 – 19, V: 7 – 8, GR: 12 – 18, LL: 53 – 61, TV: 43 – 49. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Namak basins (Fig. 144). Native population found in the Caspian Sea basin but translocated to Namak basin. Found in Jajurud, Sefidrud, Atrak, Tajan, Gorgan rud, Haraz, Babol, Siyahrud, Qezel ozan, Aras Rivers and Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in barbus, Bogutskaya and Naseka (2004) transferred to Luciobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable A 2 cd (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 w).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2199C60FF1F540C2666FD82.taxon	description	Barbus conocephalus Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 50 [6]; Type locality: Zeravshan River, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: (6) ZMMU P – 1513 (2), P – 1518 (1). Common name: Pr: Zarde par Harirud, Orenj Hari rud, Pr: Hari barbel. Diagnosis: Meristic characters and distribution serve to identify this species. Meristic characters: D: IV 7 – 9 (8), A: III 5, P: 17 – 18, V: 8, GR: 8 – 12, LL: 57 – 62, TV: 48 – 50. Distribution: Hari basin (Fig. 146). In Iran, it is only just found in Harirud River. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed conocephalus in Luciobarbus capito as a subspecies, Coad (1995) regard as synonym of L. capito, but our unpublished (molecular and morphologic) studies showed L. conocephalus is a full and valid species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species is distributed in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan in addition to Iran where it is limited to few small populations in Harirud River and the reservoir of Doosti Dam. There is no information available about the distribution and the conservation status of their populations in the other countries. Consequently, we believe it is not possible to objectively assess this species conservation status with the available data.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE21F9C65FCAF578C27D2FEE1.taxon	description	Cyprinus mursa Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1773: 513; Type locality: Kura River at Tiflis [= Tbilisi], Transcaucasia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Barbus microphthalmus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846: 26. Barbus mursoides Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 120; Type locality: Transcaucasia. Holotype (unique): ZIN 2863. Barbus microphthalmus Sauvage [H. - E.] 1882: 164; Type locality: Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: MNHN 1881 – 1007 (1), 1881 – 1008 (1),? A – 3923 [ex 1881 – 1007 and 1008] (2). Barbus kessleri Derjavin [A. N.] 1929: 75; Type locality: Karaj River, 30 km from Teheran, Iran. Syntypes: (3) whereabouts unknown. Barbus c dageti Fowler [H. W.] 1958: 11; Type locality: Karaj River, 30 km from Teheran, Iran. Syntypes: (3) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Sas mahi lab koloft, En: Mursa barbel. Diagnosis: Well-developed fleshy lips with three lobs and high number of scale counts in lateral line. Meristic characters: D: III – V (IV) 7 – 8, A: III 5, P: 13 – 17, V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 9 – 16, LL: 83 – 106, TV: 41 – 45. Distribution: Caspian and Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 152). There are several misidentified reports from Namak and Urmia basins (B. miliaris and B. cyri respectively). Found in Tajan, Babol, Haraz, Sardab, Aras, Tonekabon, Pol Rud, Kalibar, Sefidrud and Zarinehrud Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Barbus but Turan et al. (2008) transferred to Luciobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 s).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE21D9C65FF6E57EC237CFE61.taxon	description	Barbus subquincunciatus Günther [A.] 1868: 86; Type locality: Mesopotamia? Holotype (unique): BMNH 1869.3. 19.1469 (skin). Common name: Pr: Soleymani, En: Mesopotamian barbel, Solomon barbel, Leopard barbel. Diagnosis: Two pairs of barbels, numerus large and dark blotch in head and body. Meristic characters: D: IV – V 8, A: III 5, P: 14 – 18, V: 7, GR: 10 – 13, LL: 75 – 88, TV: 45. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 154). Found in Gotvand Dam Lake. Taxonomy: Esmaeili et al. (2010) placed in Luciobarbus. Conservation: IUCN: Critically Endangered A 2 cde (Freyhof 2014 t).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE21C9C6AFCE8568C2669FE21.taxon	description	Barbus sharpeyi Günther [A.] 1874: 38 [3]; Type locality: Tigris River near Baghdad, Iraq. Syntypes: BMNH 1874.4.28.20 (1), 1874.4.28.27 (1), 1875.1.14.16 (1). Barbus faoensis Günther [A.] 1896: 397; Type locality: Fao, Iraq, Persian Gulf. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1888.5. 17.4 [ex ZSD]. Common name: Pr: Benni, En: Binni. Diagnosis: Absence of barbels, last unbranched dorsal fin ray moderately ossified but lacking serra, and the low scale count in lateral line. Meristic characters: D: IV 7 – 9 (8), A: II – III (III) 4 – 5, P: 13 – 19 (16 – 17), V: 8, GR: 13 – 19, LL: 29 – 37, TV: 40 – 41. Distribution: Tigri, Kor (translocated) and maybe Persis basins (Fig. 159). Found in Zohre River, Hor Al azim and Shadegan Wetlands. Taxonomy: Ekmekçi and Bǎnǎrescu (1998) placed in Mesopotamichthys. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable B 2 ab (iii, v) (Freyhof 2014 w).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2129C68FF56546D2677FEA2.taxon	description	Schizopygopsis sewerzowi Herzenstein [S. M.] 1891: 196; Type locality: Lake Bulun Kul and Karasu River, Amu Darya River basin, Pamir mountains, central Asia. Syntypes: ZIN 8747 – 49 (2, 2, 2), 8800 – 01 (1, 2). Gymnocypris biswasi Talwar [P. K.] 1977: 501; Type locality: Chushul, Ladakh, northern India. Holotype: ZSI FF 1064. Paratypes: ZSI FF 1065 – 66 (1, 9). Common name: Pr: Kapur-e barfi, En: False Osman. Diagnosis: Body scaleless but there are a row of enlarged scale between pelvic fin origins to anal fin base which sheath anal fin base, 5 branched rays, barbels are absent and pharyngeal teeth are in 2 rows. Meristic characters: D: II – III 7 – 8 (7), A: II – III (III) 5 – 7 (6), P: 11 – 14, V: 6 – 8 (7), GR: 6 – 16 (9 – 13), LL: 29 – 40, TV: 31 – 38. Distribution: Sistan basin (Fig. 160). Reported from Hirmand River. Its distribution in Iran needs confirmation. Taxonomy: Rafique (2000) placed in Schizopygopsis. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species is distributed in Tibet, India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. In Iran we have not found any reliable report of it and we have not seen any single sample in more than ten years of field work. There is few available information about the distribution and the conservation status of the populations in the other countries also. Hence, we believe the available data is not enough to objectively assess this species conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2109C6FFF4954ED26EDFEC1.taxon	description	Schizothorax intermedius McClelland [J.] & Griffith [W.] in McClelland 1842: 579; Type locality: Cabul River at Jullalabad and Tarnuck River, Afghanistan. Syntypes: (3) whereabouts unknown. Schizothorax schumacheri Fowler [H. W.] & Steinitz [H.] 1956: 265; Type locality: Zabol, 31 ° 02 ' N, 61 ° 30 ' E, Sisten, eastern Iran. Holotype: ANSP 71950. Paratypes: ANSP 71951 (1). Common name: Pr: Khajoo, En: Common marinka. Diagnosis: Counts of total gill raker and distribution can be separate it from others in Iran. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 5 – 9 (8), A: I – III 4 – 7 (5), P: 14 – 19, V: 7 – 10 (8), GR: 10 – 19, LL: 85 – 122, TV: 48. Distribution: Hari and Sistan basins (Fig. 162). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. It is a widespread species with no known widespread threats. Consequently, we classified this species as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2179C6FFF1D570D2306FDC2.taxon	description	Schizothorax pelzami Kessler [K. F.] 1870: 320; Type locality: Shahrud River, northeastern Iran. Syntypes: (4) BMNH 1897.7.5.24 [ex ZIN] (1), ZIN 8036 [ex MLSU] (1). Schizothorax raulinsii Günther [A.] 1889: 108; Type locality: HariRud River near Khusan, Afghanistan. Syntypes: BMNH (skin), BMNH (2); ZSI F 11477 – 78 (2). Schizothorax pelzami iranicus Karaman [M. S.] 1969: 67; Type locality: Near Tehran, Iran. Holotype (unique): ZMH H 4116. Common name: Pr: Shir mahi, Khajoo, En: Transcaspian marinka. Diagnosis: High count of lateral line scales and the enlarged scales around the anus and anal fin. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 7 – 8 (8), A: III 5 – 6 (5), P: 16 – 21, V: 7 – 9 (8), GR: 9 – 18, LL: 85 – 108, TV: 43 – 49. Distribution: Hari and Kavir basins (Fig. 164). Found in Jam, Kalat, Sharak, Hari, Akhlamad, Golmakan, Aal, Kashaf, Kal Shur, Jajarm, Jovein rivers and Cheshmeh Ali spring. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Devi and Bogutskaya 2009 d).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2179C6EFC8C540D2677FBED.taxon	description	Aspiostoma zarudnyi Nikolskii [A. M.] 1897: 346; Type locality: Neizar marsh in Seistan [Sistan], Iran. Holotype (unique): ZIN 11115. Oreinus anjac Fowler [H. W.] & Steinitz [H.] 1956: 267; Type locality: Zabol, 31 ° 02 ' N, 61 ° 30 ' E, eastern Iran. Holotype (unique): ANSP 71949. Common name: Pr: Shirmahi, Khajoo, En: Sistan Marinka. Diagnosis: Similar to S. intermedius but is distinguished by much smaller paired fins, longer and narrower branchial isthmus and the scales slightly enlarged at the base of all fins. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 7 – 8, A: III 5, P: 17 – 18, V: 8 – 9 (9), GR: 24 – 41 (34 – 36), LL: 93 – 114, TV: 47 – 49. Distribution: Sistan basin (Fig. 165). Found in Hamon, Chahnime lakes and Hirmand River. Taxonomy: Bianco and Bǎnǎrescu (1982) placed in Schizopyge but Coad (1981) transferred to Schizothorax. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species occurs in Afghanistan and Iran. There is no information available about the distribution and the conservation status of the populations in Afghanistan. In Iran, it is distributed in a few close lakes (Chahnime lakes), in the Sistan basin, but more studies are needed to assess the population size, quality of habitat or possible threats affecting it. Therefore, we believe more data are needed to objectively assess its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2169C6EFCEE57EC2224FB16.taxon	description	(Fig. 166) Discognathus adiscus Annandale [N.] 1919: 68; Type locality: Seistan, eastern Iran. Holotype: ZSI F 9763 / 1. Paratypes: BMNH 1919.8.16.7 – 8 [ex ZSI] (2), ZIN 25411 (3), ZSI F 9758 / 1 (20). Common name: Pr: Sanglise Sistani, En: Sistan Latia. Diagnosis: Usualy two pairs of long barbels, 19 – 22 gill rakers, 3 – 5 usually 4 scales between anus and anal fin. Meristic characters: D: III 8 – 9 (8), A: II – III (III) 4 – 5 (5), P: 14 – 15, V: 9 – 10, GR: 19 – 22, LL: 34 – 38, TV: 35 – 36. Distribution: Sistan basin (Fig. 167). Found in Hirmand River and Chahnime Lakes. Taxonomy: Coad (1996) placed in Crossochelus, Sayyadzadeh et al. (2015 a) placed in Gonorhynchus but Kottelat (2016) transferred to Tariqilabeo. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Populations of this species are widespread and no major thread seems to affect its populations. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2169C6EFCAA568C2248FEE2.taxon	description	Gonorhynchus McClelland 1839 (see Kottelat 2016).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2159C6DFF61568C23E1FD81.taxon	description	Barbus diplochilus Heckel [J. J.] 1838: 53; Type locality: Kashmir. Syntypes: NMW 48820 (7). Tylognathus barbatulus Heckel [J. J.] 1844: 376; Type locality: Kashmir. Syntypes: NMW 48820 (6). Crossochilus latius punjabensis Mukerji [D. D.] 1934: 53; Type locality: Katas, Nallah, Salt Range and Khewra Gorge, Punjab, Pakistan, elevation about 2,000 feet. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Sanglise Keshmir, En: Kashmir Latia. Diagnosis: Almost one pairs of short barbels, 22 – 25 gill rakers, 2 – 3 scales between anus and anal fin. Meristic characters: D: III 8, A: II – III (III) 4 – 5 (5), P: 16, V: 9 – 10, GR: 22 – 25, LL: 34 – 38, TV: 35 – 36. Distribution: Makran and Mashkid basins (Fig. 169). Found in Sirkan and Sarbaz rivers. Taxonomy: Bianco and Bǎnǎrescu (1982) placed as a subspecies of diplochilus, Kullander et al. (1999) valid as Crossocheilus diplochilus, Sayyadzadeh et al. (2015 a) placed in Gonorhynchus but Kottelat (2016) transferred to Tariqilabeo. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (under name Crossocheilus latius (Singh 2010 )).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2159C6CFCB954CD24ACFE22.taxon	description	Barilius mesopotamicus Berg [L. S.] 1932: 333; Type locality: Gawi River, Tigris River basin, 33 ° 20 ' N, 46 ° 20 ' E, Iraq. Holotype (unique): ZIN 23955. Common name: Pr: -, En: Mesopotamian minnow. Diagnosis: The only member of its genus in Iran, this species is easily identified by incomplete lateral line, the pigment pattern, low lateral line, broad suborbital bones, pharyngeal teeth on two rows and one pair of long barbels. Meristic characters: D: II – III (III) 7 – 9 (8), A: II – III (III) 10 – 14 (11 – 12), P: 11 – 14, V: 6 – 8, GR: 13 – 18, LL: 42 – 54, TV: 39 – 41. Distribution: Tigris, Kor and Persis basins (Fig. 171). Found in Dalaki, Karkheh, Doiraj (Doveyrich), Meymaeh, Dez, Karun, Zard, Kheyrabad, Mond and Helleh Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 d).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2149C53FCBF546D2488FE41.taxon	description	Cyprinus morar Hamilton [F.] 1822: 264, 384; Type locality: Yamuna and Tista Rivers, India. No types known. Aspidoparia sardina Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 288; Type locality: Assam, India. No types known. Common name: Pr: Waspi, En: Common Chilwa. Diagnosis: A distinctive and large suborbital ring, which is being almost as deep as the eye and small ventral mouth. Meristic characters: D: II – III 6 – 7 (7), A: II 8 – 9 (9), P: 9 – 14, V: 7, GR: 17 – 25, LL: 36 – 45, TV: 36 – 37. Distribution: Makran and Mashkid basins (Fig. 173). Found in Mashkid, Sarbaz and Jegin Rivers. Taxonomy: Shrestha (1978) placed in Aspidoparia but Liao et al. (2011) transferred this species in Cabdio. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Chaudhry 2010 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE22A9C51FF50570D268AFE82.taxon	description	Leuciscus idella Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 362; Type locality: China. No types known. Leuciscus tschiliensis Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 233; Type locality: Gulf of Tschili [Tchili] and tributary streams, Manchuria, China. No types at ZIN. Ctenopharyngodon laticeps Steindachner [F.] 1866: 782; Type locality: Hong Kong, China. Holotype (unique): NMW 79745. Sarcocheilichthys teretiusculus Kner [R.] 1867: 356; Type locality: Shanghai, China and drainages in Gulf of Tschili. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Pristiodon s iemionovii Dybowski [B. N.] 1877: 26; Type locality: Amur River, Ussuri River, Sungacha River, Lake Khanka [Chanka], and Sungari River, Russia. Syntypes: (many) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Amour, Kapor Alafkhar, En: Grass carp. Diagnosis: No barbels. Snout very short, its length less than or equal to eye diameter. Postorbital length more than half head length, caudal fin with 18 rays. Distinguished from rather similar species Mylopharyngodon piceus by combination of characters: body olive to brassy green above, silvery white to yellow below, elongated body, pharyngeal teeth laterally compressed, serrated, with a groove along grinding surface, usually in two rows, 2.5 – 4.2. Meristic characters: D: III 6 – 8 (7), A: III 7 – 9 (8), P: 13 – 20, V: 7 – 8, GR: 15 – 18, LL: 34 – 47, TV: 40 – 47. Distribution: Introduced widely elsewhere, found in all basins of Iran. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Ctenopharyngodon. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2299C51FF1B570D24E3FCDC.taxon	description	Culter leucisculus Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 238; Type locality: Rivers flowing into Bay of Tschili [Chihli], Beijing [Peking], China. Syntypes: ZIN 5272 (2). Squaliobarbus annamiticus Tirant [G.] 1883: [28]; Type locality: River of Hué, Vietnam. Lectotype: MHNL 4200 – 0041 [3624]. Paralectotypes: MHNL 4200 – 0042 (4). Culter balnei Sauvage [H. - E.] 1884: 213; Type locality: Vicinity of Hanoi, Vietnam. Holotype (unique): MNHN 1884 – 0079. Hemiculter kneri Warpachowski [N. A.] 1887: 17; Type locality: Shanghai, China. No types at ZIN. Hemiculter schrencki Warpachowski [N. A.] in Warpachowski & Herzenstein 1888: 46; Type locality: Fuchow [Fu-Tschau], China. Types: ZIN 7032 – 33 (1, 1). Hemiculter kneri Kreyenberg [M.] & Pappenheim [P.] 1908: 362; Type locality: Shanghai and Hankau, China. Parapelecus eigenmanni Jordan [D. S.] & Metz [C. W.] 1913: 21; Type locality: Suigen, south of Seoul, southern Korea. Holotype: FMNH 55802 [ex CM 4565]. Paratypes: CAS-SU 22392 (1). Cultriculus akoensis Oshima [M.] 1920: 132; Type locality: Ping-tung [Ako], Taiwan. Holotype (unique): ANSP 49953. Hemicultur clupeoides Nichols [J. T.] 1925: 7; Type locality: Tungting Lake, Hunan Province, China. Holotype: AMNH 8433. Paratypes: MCZ 32643 (2). Kendallia goldsboroughi Evermann [B. W.] & Shaw [T.] 1927: 108; Type locality: Hangchow, China. Holotype (unique): CAS 503. Common name: Pr: Tizeh koli, En: Sharpbelly. Diagnosis: A complete lateral line going downward suddenly at the pectoral fin, forming an angle, then going upward along the anal fin, till the middle of the caudal fin. A sharp and scaleless keel, extending between anal fin origin to the pectoral fin on the mid-ventral surface. Meristic characters: D: II – III 6 – 8 (7), A: III 10 – 18 (13 – 14), P: 12 – 17, V: 8, GR: 17 – 29, LL: 43 – 55, TV: 42. Distribution: Introduced widely everywhere, found in all Iranian basins. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed it in Hemiculter. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, Thinh et al. 2012), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2299C50FCB955C32629FB62.taxon	description	Leuciscus hypophthalmus Richardson [J.] (ex Gray) 1845: 139; Type locality: Canton, China. Holotype (unique): BMNH uncat. (stuffed, not seen). Cephalus mantschuricus Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 235; Type locality: Beijing [Peking], Manchuria and Mongolia, China. No types at ZIN. Hypophthalmichthys basilewskii Kner [R.] 1867: 350; Type locality: Beijing, Manchuria and Mongolia; Unneeded new name for Cephalus mantschuricus Basilewsky 1855. Abramocephalus microlepis Steindachner [F.] 1869: 150; Type locality: China. Holotype (unique): NMW 46326. Hypophthalmichthys dabryi Bleeker [P.] 1878: 210; Type locality: Yang-tse-kiang River, China. Hypophthalmichthys dybowskii Herzenstein [S. M.] in Warpachowski & Herzenstein 1888: 38; Type locality: Amur River, Russia; Fuchow, China. Syntypes: ZIN 5510 (1), 5576 [not 5575] (1), 7043 [not 7103] (1). Pseudolaubuca clupeoides Duncker [G.] 1904: 183; Type locality: Sungai Bungus at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [introduced]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1905.5. 6.1 [ex SSMKL 1184]. Common name: Pr: Phytophag, Kapore noghreyi, En: Silver Carp. Meristic characters: D: II – III 6 – 7, A: II – III 11 – 15, P: 17, V: 7, GR: 650, LL: 85 – 125, TV: 36 – 40. Diagnosis: Body olivaceous to silvery. Barbels absent. Ventral keel extend from isthmus to anus. Edge of last simple dorsal ray not serrated. It can be distinguished by H. nobilis by having sharp scaleless keel from pectoral region to anal origin. Long and slender gill rakers, head length 24 – 29 % SL. Distribution: Introduced widely everywhere, found in all Iranian basins. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Hypophthalmichthys. Conservation: IUCN: Near Threatened (Native population, Zhao 2011), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2289C50FF56536C2485FD42.taxon	description	Leuciscus nobilis Richardson [J.] (ex Gray) 1845: 140; Type locality: Canton, China. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1968.3. 11.4. Common name: Pr: Kapore sar gonde, En: Bighead carp. Diagnosis: Numerous black blotches scattered on the body. Ventral keel extend from pelvic base to anus. Differs from H. molitrix by having scaled keel from pelvic to anus. Head length 27 – 35 % SL. Meristic characters: D: III 7, A: III 11 – 14, P: 16 – 19, V: 7 – 9, GR: very numerous, LL: 92 – 115, TV: 36 – 41. Distribution: Introduced widely everywhere, found in all Iranian basins. Taxonomy: Okada (1960) placed in Hypophthalmichthys. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (Native population, Huckstorf 2012 a), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2289C57FCEF554D2606FE22.taxon	description	Leuciscus piceus Richardson [J.] 1846: 298; Type locality: Canton, China. No types known. Leuciscus aethiops Basilewsky [S.] 1855: 233; Type locality: Near Tien-tsin at and Beijing [Peking], China. Syntypes:? BMNH 1873.7.30.92 – 93 (2), ZIN 5900 (1). Barbus tonkinensis Sauvage [H. - E.] 1884: 211; Type locality: Surroundings of Hanoi, northern Vietnam. Holotype: MNHN. Myloleuciscus atripinnis Garman [S.] 1912: 116; Type locality: Shasi, Hupeh, China [erroneus: 100 mi below Ichang [Hubei, Yuchang, 30 ° 43 ' N, 111 ° 17 ' N ]]. Holotype (unique): MCZ 29817. Leucisculus fuscus Oshima [M.] 1920: 129; Type locality: Taiwan. Holotype (unique): ANSP 49950 (missing). Common name: Pr: Kapore siyah, En: Black carp. Diagnosis: Similar to Ctenopharyngodon idella, but anatomy of the pharyngeal teeth with formula typically 1.4 – 4.1 and dark colour is the main distinguishing characteristic. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 9, A: III 7 – 10, P: 16 – 17, V: 8, GR: 14 – 23, LL: 40 – 42, TV: 36 – 41. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 178). Introduced to Caspian Sea basin. Only reported from Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Mylopharyngodon. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (Native population, Huckstorf 2012 b), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE22F9C56FF2C542D266FFBB7.taxon	description	Cyprinus tinca Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 321; Type locality: European lakes. No types known. Cyprinus tinca auratus Bloch [M. E.] 1782: 90. Cyprinus tincaauratus Bloch [M. E.] 1782: 90; Type locality: Pond in Schönhausen castle, Germany [introduced from Schlesien [now Poland ]]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 3312. Cyprinus zeelt Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 493, 550; Type locality: No locality. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Cyprinus tincaurea Shaw [G.] 1804: 217; Unneeded new name for Cyprinus tincaauratus Bloch 1782. Tinca vulgaris Fleming [J.] 1828: 186; Type locality: Lakes and rivers of England. No types known. Tinca chrysitis Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] (ex Agassiz) 1832: 337; Type locality: Apparently an unneeded new name for Cyprinus tinca Linnaeus 1758. Tinca italica Bonaparte [C. L.] 1836: fasc. 18, punt. 93; Type locality: Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6119 – 22 (4). Leuciscus (Tinca) communis Swainson [W.] 1839: 285. Tinca limosa Koch [C. L.] 1840: 40; Unneeded new name for Cyprinus tinca Linnaeus 1758. Tinca vulgaris Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842: 322; Type locality: Paris, Tegel, Berlin, Lakes Zug, Geneva, Como, Trasimene. Perugia, Naples Rome, Florence, Sicily, Italy. Tinca linnei Malm [A. W.] 1877: 564; Original as Linnéi. Tentatively regarded as an unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus tinca Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid “ Strickland tautonomy ”); Type locality: Sweden. Tinca vulgaris var. cestellae Segre [R.] 1904: 2; Type locality: Lake Castella, Padola, Cadore, Alpi Venete, Italy. Syntypes: MZUT 1448 (38). Common name: Pr: Lay mahi, Til khes, Til khos, En: Tench. Diagnosis: Body thickset, heavy, and laterally compressed, caudal peduncle deep and short, scales small and embedded, overall coloration olive-green, at times dark green or almost black and terminal mouth. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 6 – 9 (8), A: III – IV 5 – 9 (6 – 7), P: 13 – 18, V: 7 – 10, GR: 11 – 15, LL: 70 – 120, TV: 37 – 40. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 180). Found in Sefidrud, Jouybar and Tajan rivers as well as Anzali and Karfoon Wetlands (near Bahnamir county) wetlands. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Tinca. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ao).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE22E9C56FC81574C24F0FBE6.taxon	description	Cyprinus amarus Bloch [M. E.] 1782: 52; Type locality: Müggelsee (lake) near Köpenick, Berlin, Germany. Syntypes: ZMB 3393 (3). Rhodeus genitalis Walecki [A.] 1863: 364; Apparently an unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus amarus Bloch 1782. Rhodeus lucinae Walecki [A.] 1863: 364; Apparently an unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus amarus Bloch 1782. Common name: Pr: Makhraj loleyi, En: European bitterling. Diagnosis: Deep body, caudal fin with 19 to 20 soft rays and few pored scales in lateral line. Meristic characters: D: II – IV (III) 7 – 11 (9), A: II – IV (III) 6 – 12 (9), P: 10 – 13, V: 4 – 8 (6 – 7), GR: 6 – 16 (9 – 13), LL: 30 – 36, TV: 34 – 38. Distribution: Caspian, Urmia Lake and Tigris basins (Fig. 182). Found in Astara, Gorgan, Tajan, Babol, Haraz, Sardab, and Sefidrud, Qarasu and Zarinehrud Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed amarus in Rhodeus sericeus (Pallas 1776) as a subspecies, Smith (1985) synonymised with sericeus but Mrakovcic et al. (1995) recognized as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 q).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE22C9C54FF49570D237FFD42.taxon	description	Bungia nigrescens Keyserling [E. Von] 1861: 19 [22]; Type locality: Harirud River at Herat, Afghanistan. No types saved. Common name: Pr: Kopor kafzi Harirud, En: Hari gudgeon. Diagnosis: A naked breast, 16 circumpeduncular scales and 6 – 7 irregularly shaped, black or brown blotches on back behind dorsal fin base. Meristic characters: D: III 7, A: III 5, P: 14 – 17, V: 7, GR: 5 – 6, LL: 41 – 42, TV: 38 – 39. Distribution: Hari basin (Fig. 184). Found in Hari, Kalat, Nobahar and Golbahar Rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1981) synonymised with Gobio gobio but Mousavi-Sabet et al. (2016) recognize as a valid species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species is distributed in Turkmenistan and Afghanistan in addition to Iran where its populations are only found in few points in Kalat and Nobahar rivers. There is no information available about the distribution and the conservation status of their populations in the other two countries. Therefore, we believe more data are needed to objectively assess this species conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2239C5BFF71574C24E3FD02.taxon	description	Leuciscus parvus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 215; Type locality: Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2634. Paralectotypes: RMNH 2638 (1). Leuciscus pusillus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 216; Type locality: Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH 2639 a (largest of 3). Paralectotypes: RMNH 2639 b – c (2 of 3). Fundulus virescens Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1846: 225; Type locality: Nagasaki, Japan. No types known. Micraspius mianowskii Dybowski [B. N.] 1869: 954; Type locality: Onon and Ingoda rivers, Amur River basin, Russia. Syntypes: BMNH 1871.7.19.28 (1) Dauria, from Warsaw Museum; NMW 50853 (3), 81725 (2). Pseudorasbora altipinna Nichols [J. T.] 1925: 5; Type locality: Province, China. Holotype: AMNH 8428. Paratypes: AMNH 10833 (5), FMNH 14685 – 86 (1, 1), MCZ 32665 (1), ZMA 115788 (1). Pseudorasbora depressirostris Nichols [J. T.] 1925: 5; Type locality: Chin-ssu, Shansi Province, China. Holotype: AMNH 8429. Paratypes or non-types: AMNH 10818 (9); FMNH 14687 – 88 (1, 1); MCZ 32666 (2); ZMA 115785 (3). Pseudorasbora fowleri Nichols [J. T.] 1925: 5; Type locality: Suancheng (Ningkwo), Anhwei Province, China. Holotype (unique): AMNH 10324. Non-types: ZMA 115787 (3). Pseudorasbora monstrosa Nichols [J. T.] 1925: 6; Type locality: Near Nanping, Fukien Province, lower Minjiang River basin, China. Holotype: AMNH 8430. Non-types (doubtfully referred): MCZ 32668 [ex AMNH] (1). Pseudorasbora parva parvula Nichols [J. T.] 1929: 8; Type locality: Tsinan, Shantung Province, China. Holotype: AMNH 9655. Paratypes: (10) AMNH 10839 (9),? MCZ 32669 [ex AMNH] (2). Pseudorasbora parva tenuis Nichols [J. T.] 1929: 10; Type locality: Tsinan, Shantung Province, China. Holotype: AMNH 9656. Paratypes: AMNH 56135 (7). Additional material: AMNH 10839 (8). Common name: Pr: Amorche, Amoornama, Parva, En: Stone moroko, Topmouth gudgeon. Diagnosis: Mouth superior and transverse, females are smaller than males, with lower body and darker coloration. Males with very large nuptial keratinized tubercles on snout. Meristic characters: D: II – III 7 – 8 (7), A: II – III (III) 5 – 7 (6), P: 11 – 14, V: 6 – 8 (7), GR: 6 – 16 (9 – 13), LL: 29 – 40, TV: 31 – 38. Distribution: Introduced widely everywhere, found in all Iranian basins. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Pseudorasbora. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, Huckstorf 2012 c), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2239C5AFC8C548D27C9FEA1.taxon	description	Gobio macropterus Kamensky [S. N.] 1901: 10 [German p. 146]; Type locality: Caucasus. Syntypes: (14) ZMT and Kharkov Univ. Common name: Pr: Kapor kafzi Caspian, En: South Caucasian gudgeon. Diagnosis: Usually 7 branched dorsal fin rays, a pale black spots on the dorsal and caudal fins and it only Romanogobio species in the Caspian Sea basin of Iran. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 5 – 8, A: II – III 5 – 7, P: 11 – 16, V: 6 – 8, GR: 2 – 6, LL: 39 – 45, TV: 40 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 186). Reported from Aras River drainage. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) synonymised with Gobio persus Naseka and Bogutskaya (1998) Synonymised with Romanogobio persus (Günther 1899), but a valid subspecies, finally Naseka and Freyhof (2004) regard as full and valid species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 ac).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2229C59FF62572C25F5FD82.taxon	description	Gobio persa Günther [A.] 1899: 386; Type locality: Ocksa in the Gader Chai, northwestern Iran. Syntypes: BMNH 1899.9.30.90 – 96 (7). Common name: Pr: Kapor kafzi Parsi, Kapor kafzi Oromiyeh, En: Persian gudgeon, Urmia gudgeon. Diagnosis: Only Romanogobio species in the Urmia Lake basin. Can be distinguished by a short and thin caudal peduncle, a short snout, a short barbel and long predorsal distance. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 7 – 8 (7), A: II – III (III) 5 – 7 (6), P: 11 – 16, V: 6 – 8 (7), GR: 5 – 6, LL: 39 – 45, TV: 37 – 42. Distribution: Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 188). Reported from Talkheh, Tatavi and Zarrineh rivers. Taxonomy: Naseka and Bogutskaya (1998) placed in Romanogobio. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv). Although once abundant in the middle and lower Talkheh, lower Simine and lower Zarinehrud rivers, this speices is currently only found in reduced numbers and independent populations in Zarinehrud River. Severe droughts during recent years which affects the whole country are especially severe in Urmia basin. In addition to the climate changes, high pollution, dam construction, loss of habitat and water extraction for agricultural use have affected greatly to the observable population numbers of this species. AOO is estimated to be less than 500 km 2 and populations of this species exist at less than five locations. Hence, we classified this species to be assessed as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2219C58FCA5570C24E3FE61.taxon	description	Cyprinus brama major Forster [J. R.] 1767: 356; Type locality: Volga River, Russia. No types known. Ciprinus latus Dralet [É. - F.] 1821: 25; Type locality: No locality. No types known. Abramis vetula Heckel [J. J.] 1836: 230; Type locality: Neusiedler Lake, Hungary and Austria. Syntypes: NMW 55259 – 60 (1, 1),? 91131 (1). Abramis argyreus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 45; Type locality: No locality. Holotype:? MNHN 0000 – 1061 (1 of 2). Abramis vulgaris Mauduyt [F.] 1849: 30. Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus brama Linnaeus 1758. Abramis gehini Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 355; Type locality: Moselle River at Metz, France. Lectotype: MNHN 0000 – 3927 (poor condition). Abramis brama var. sinegorensis Lukasch [B. S.] 1933: 67; Type locality: Lower Vyatka River, Russia. Syntypes: (2) whereabouts unknown. Abramis brama bergi Grib [A. V.] & Vernidub [M. F.] 1935: 112; Type locality: Aral Sea at Muinsak; Lake Yaskhan in Uzboi. Abramis brama orientalis Berg [L. S.] 1949: 774 [327]; Type locality: Aral Sea at Muinsak; Lake Yaskhan in Uzboi. Abramis brama danubii Pavlov [P. I.] 1956: 894; Type locality: Lakes Yalpug and Khitay, Ukraine. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Original not seen. Common name: Pr: Sim, En: Oriental Bream, Eastern or Carp bream. Diagnosis: Mouth sub-inferior, which can be extended as a tube, a scaleless keel on the belly, deep body, anal fin base twice as long as the dorsal fin, modally 9 branched dorsal fin rays and uniserial pharyngeal teeth. Meristic characters: D: III 8 – 10 (9), A: III 22 – 30, P: 16 – 17, V: 8, GR: 23 – 27, LL: 48 – 60. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake (maybe introduced) basins (Fig. 190). Reported from the Astara to the Atrak Rivers in the whole Caspian Sea basin. We captured from Anzali Wetland, Siah-Keshim, Sefidrud, Aras, Mahabad Chay and Zarineh. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Abramis. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2269C5DFF46568C27D3FE21.taxon	description	Abramis microlepis De Filippi [F.] 1863: 393; Type locality: Kura River near Tiflis [T’bilisi], Georgia, Eurasia. Holotype (unique): MZUT 673. Alburnus punctulatus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 159; Type locality: Upper Kura River near Tbilisi [Tiflis] and Borzhomi, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (many) BMNH 1897.7.5.34 [ex ZIN] (1) Tiflis, ZIN 2915 (5), 2924 (6 +). Common name: Pr: Morvaridmahi-e labnazok, Kuli, En: Oriental Bream, Eastern or Carp Bream, Sim. Diagnosis: This species is very similar to A. urmianus but can be distinguished by more lateral line scales, more anal fin branched rays, fewer gill rakers and gill raker morphology. Distribution is the easiest element for separating it from A. urmianus. Both species are distinguished from other cyprinids in Iran by the dorsal fin spine, two rows of pharyngeal teeth, and fin ray and scale counts. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 9 (8), A: II – IV (III) 12 – 19 (15 – 17), P: 12 – 17, V: 7 – 9, GR: 10 – 14, LL: 60 – 87, TV: 43 – 45. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 194). Found in Sefidrud River drainage and Anzali Wetland. Record from other basins of Iran is very likely to be missidentifications. Taxonomy: Abramis microlepis described from Kura River near Tiflis, Georgia, Eurasia. Holotype (unique): MZUT 673. Berg (1949) placed in Abramis, Coad (1991) in Acanthalburnus but Perea et al. (2010) using mitochondrial evidence and placed this species in Acanthobrama. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2259C5CFF7057AC2554FD62.taxon	description	(Fig. 195) Pseudophoxinus persidis Coad [B. W.] 1981: 2058; Type locality: Upper Shur River drainage, near Darab on Dorab-Fasa road, 28 ° 45.5 ' N, 54 ° 24 ' E, Iran. Holotype: NMC 79 – 0154 A. Paratypes: NMC 79 – 0154 B (95), 79 – 0499 (5); UMMZ 209931 (2); plus nontype material. Common name: Pr: Aroos mahi persis, En: Persian chub. Diagnosis: Pharyngeal tooth count of 1.5 – 4.1, modally 7 branched dorsal fin rays, a light colored peritoneum but with numerous melanophores, and flanks with a lateral stripe evident posteriorly but fading anteriorly and not reaching the head. Meristic characters: D: III 6 – 7, A: (III) 7 – 10 (8), P: 13 – 15, V: 7 – 8, GR: 10 – 14, LL: 35 – 43, TV: 34 – 37. Distribution: Kor River, Maharlu Lake, Persis and Hormuz basins (Fig. 196). Presumably, now it is restricted to the uppermost reaches of the Kor River. Taxonomy: Coad (1998) placed in Leuciscus, Doadrio and Carmona (2006) in Squalius, Bogutskaya and Naseka (2004) in Petroleuciscus but Perea et al. (2010) using mitochondrial genetic information placed this species in Acanthobrama. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 2 b (i, ii, iii, iv) c (i, ii, iii). According to Teimori et al. (2015) there is no recent record of this fish from its type locality in Kol River drainage (Hormuz basin). Its natural habitat, upstream of Helleh River (Persis basin) is being dried out. Its habitats in Maharlu basin is dried out or is under severe pressure. It seems that A. persidis populations are now restricted to small streams in upper reaches of Kor River basin (Area of occupancy less than 10 km 2). Water diversions severely reduce water level, especially pumping water from the aquifer, which feeds the systems. In addition, drainage rehabilitation, water pollution from domestic and agricultural sources and severe drought in recent years seems to affect populations of this species drastically. It is therefore assessed as Critically Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2249C5CFF76556C22A8FE62.taxon	description	Abramis urmianus Günther [A.] 1899: 389; Type locality: Ocksa River and Urmi River, Iran. Syntypes: (7) BMNH 1899.9.30.116 – 117 (2), 1899.9.30.118 (1) Ocksa R.,? 1899.9.30.119 – 126 (8). Common name: Pr: Aros mahi Oromiye, En: Urmia Lake chub. Diagnosis: See A. microlepis. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 9 (8), A: III 10 – 13, P: 14 – 16, V: 7 – 8, GR: 10 – 14, LL: 50 – 68, TV: 41 – 43. Distribution: Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 198). Found in southern and western tributaries of Urmia Lake. Taxonomy: Coad (1995) places in Acanthalburnus but Küçük et al. (2015) transferred to Acanthobrama. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv) c (i, ii, iii). Due to many dam construction projects and recurrent drought during the last years, most part of the rivers in Urmia Lake basin are partially or completely dried for the most part of the year which has affected the populations of this species dramatically. Now this species is known from Gedar Chay and Zarinerud River (with an area of occupancy less than 500 km 2). Middle and lower part of this river no water is flowing out during summer and any further reductions of available water will lead to the extinction of this species. We therefore classified it as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2249C43FC5E546D23CDFE22.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Khayateh-e Damghan, Lapek, En: Damghan’s Spirlin. Diagnosis: Stout short and snout with tip of the mouth cleft on a level with the lower margin of the pupil or lower, a small eye that the horizontal diameter is slightly smaller than the interorbital width. 2.5 – 4.2 and 2.5 – 4.1 pharyngeal teeth and commonly 40 total vertebrae. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 7 – 9 (8), A: III 10 – 13 (11 – 12), P: 13 – 15, V: 6 – 8 (7), GR: 6 – 8, LL: 40 – 47, TV: 40 – 42. Distribution: Kavir basin (Fig. 200). Just found in Cheshme Ali Spring in Damghan city (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016 d). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). The only known population of this species is found in the Cheshme Ali spring (type locality, (with an area of occupancy less than 10 km 2 and an extent of occurrence of less than 100 km 2). In the same habitat, non-native species as rainbow trout are quite common which is a direct threat for this species. Apart, the spring being placed in an extremely arid region is the only habitat of the species which result in the species being very vulnerable to any change in the water level of the spring. We therefore classified it as Critically Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE23B9C40FCAB57AC2556FD22.taxon	description	Alburnus eichwaldii De Filippi [F.] 1863: 392 [18]; Type locality: Kura River near Tiflis [T’bilisi], Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: MZUT 677 (4), NMW 55516 (2). Alburnoides bipunctatus armeniensis Dadikyan [M. G.] 1972: 566 [550]; Type locality: Rivers Arpa, Vorotan, Vedi, Marmarik, Kasakh and their tributaries, basin of river Araks, Armenia. Syntypes: (434) ZIN 37502 (10). Common name: Pr: Khayateh, Lapek, En: Spirlin. Diagnosis: Eyes small, orbit diameter shorter than the interorbital width, caudal fin with pointed lobes and fin being clearly forked, a sharp scaleless keel behind the pelvic fins along the abdomen to the anus, a triangular head, snout slightly rounded and an upper jaw longer than the lower jaw, a tip of the mouth cleft on the level below the lower margin of the pupil, 2.5 – 4.2 pharyngeal teeth, most common vertebral formulae are 20 + 20, 20 + 21 and 21 + 20. Meristic characters: D: III 8, A: III 13 – 16, P: 13 – 15, V: 7, GR: 6 – 8, LL: 44 – 56, TV: 40 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 202). Occurring in the western parts of the Caspian Sea basin, it is found in Aras drainage, Balekhlu chay, Qarasu, Kalibar rud and Saghezchi Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) was regarded as a Caspian Sea basin subspecies of Alburnoides bipunctatus but Fricke et al. (2007) give it full rank species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 b). Alburnoides holciki Coad and Bogutskaya, 2012 – Native (Figs. 203, 204) Alburnoides holciki Coad [B. W.] & Bogutskaya [N. G.] 2012: 44; Type locality: Hari River at Herat, 34 ° 20 ' N, 62 ° 12 ' E, Afganistan. Holotype: SNM 6788 (101.8 mm TL). Paratypes: SNM 6788 (26). Plus non-type material. Alburnoides parhami Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.] & Doadrio [I.] 2015: 315; Type locality: Baba-Aman Stream, Atrak River drainage, south-eastern Caspian Sea basin, Khorasan-e-Shomali Province, Iran, 37 ° 29 ' N, 57 ° 26 ' E. Holotype: VMFC-ALP 3 - H. Paratypes: GUIC, VMFC. Common name: Pr: Khayateh-e Holicik, Lapek, En: Holcik’s Spirlin. Diagnosis: A well-defined, sharp, short, slightly pointed snout, a terminal mouth with the tip of the mouth cleft on a level with the upper half of the pupil, a large eye (orbit width about equal to interorbital width), 2.5 – 4.2 pharyngeal teeth, most frequent vertebral formulae 20 + 21, 20 + 22 and 19 + 21. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 9 (8), A: III 11 – 14, P: 12 – 16, V: 6 – 8, GR: 6 – 14, LL: 47 – 57, TV: 40 – 42 (41). Distribution: Hari and Caspian basins (Fig. 205). This species occurs in Kashaf and Hari River system in Northeast of Iran as well as Atrak River. Taxonomy: A. parhami is distinguished from populations of A. holciki with less than 0.4 % genetic distance in the COI barcode region from type localities (own unpublished data). In addition, no diagnostic characteristic was found to distinguish both species. Therefore we consider A. parhami as a junior synonym of A. holciki. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. In Iran it is found only in the output of the Iran-Turkmenistan Friendship Dam (= Doosti Reservoir Dam), to the best of our knowledge, and very little is known about its distribution in Turkmenistan or Afghanistan. We therefore classified it as Data Deficient and did not carry out conservation assessment.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2389C47FCEC568C24B5FE02.taxon	description	Alburnoides idignensis Bogutskaya [N. G.] & Coad [B. W.] 2009: 166; Type locality: Bid Sorkh River between Sahneh and Kandgavar, Gav Masiab River drainage, ca. 34 ° 23 ' N, 47 ° 52 ' E, Kermanshahan, Iran, elevation 1,370 m. Holotype: CMNFI 2007 – 0118. Paratypes: CMNFI 2007 – 0118 A (13). Common name: Pr: Khayateh-e Tigris, Lapek, En: Tigris Spirlin. Diagnosis: Unbranched pectoral fin ray strongly lined with melanophores on its inner margin, orbit diameter larger than snout length that markedly smaller than interorbital width, caudal fin shallowly forked with rounded lobes, a deep and rounded head, stout snout, a small mouth which is between terminal and subterminal, a tip of the mouth cleft on a level from the lower margin of the pupil, commonly 2.5 – 4.2 or 2.4 – 4.2 pharyngeal teeth and the most common vertebral formulae are 20 + 19 and 19 + 20 (Bogutskaya and Coad 2009). Meristic characters: D: III 8, A: III 10 – 12, P: 12 – 15, V: 6 – 7, GR: 6 – 9, LL: 41 – 49 (50 – 51), TV: 38 – 40. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 207). Found in Gamasiab, Dinevar, Qarasu and Ravansar Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. A. idignensis has a relatively large distribution range and there is no known widespread threat affecting it. Apart from the large distribution range, this species is generally abundant to very abundant in many parts of its range. While there are several threats, it is only impacted moderately and very locally. Hence, we classified it as Least Concern due to the reasons listed above.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2339C4AFC8C570C27C6FCC1.taxon	description	(Fig. 215) Alburnoides qanati Coad [B. W.] & Bogutskaya [N. G.] 2009: 68; Type locality: At source and along stream of a qanat at Naqsh-e Rostam, Pulvar River system, 29 ° 59 ' 30 " N, 52 ° 54 ' 00 " E, Fars, Iran, elevation 1,660 m. Holotype: CMNFI 1977 – 0509. Paratypes: CMNFI 1977 – 0510 (178). Common name: Pr: Khayateh-e qanati, Lapek, En: Qanat Spirlin. Diagnosis: Eye large, the orbit width exceeding both the snout length and the interorbital width, a scaled ventral keel behind the pelvic fins along the abdomen to the anus, 2.5 – 4.2 pharyngeal teeth, most common vertebral formulae 20 + 20 or 20 + 21 (Coad and Bogutskaya 2009). Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 7 – 8 (8), A: III 10 – 12 (11), P: 13 – 15 (14), V: 7, GR: 6 – 9 (8), LL: 41 – 49 (43 – 47), TV: 40 – 41. Distribution: Kor River and Sirjan basins (Fig. 216). Found in Kor River drainage and Masih spring (near Harat town). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. A. qanati has a relatively large distribution range, and it lacks any known widespread threat in the area. This species is abundant to very abundant in many parts of its range. We therefore classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2329C4AFF52550C24A2FC41.taxon	description	Alburnoides samiii Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.] & Doadrio [I.] 2015: 321; Type locality: Tutkabon Stream, upper Sefidroud River drainage, Guilan Province, Iran, 36 ° 50.756 ' N, 49 ° 35.021 ' E. Holotype: VMFC-ALS 4 - H. Paratypes: VMFC-ALS 4 - P 1 to P 45. Common name: Pr: Khayateh-e Samii, Lapek En: Samii’s Spirlin. Diagnosis: Mouth terminal, with a tip of the mouth cleft on a level with the middle of the eye or below, the lack of well-marked spots or dark pigmentation in the lateral line canal, the lack of strong spots or dark outline to the lateral line canal, dorsal fin outer margin truncate to slightly concave, anal fin outer margin markedly concave, a large eye (eye diameter about equal to interorbital width), 2.5 – 4.2 pharyngeal teeth, caudal fin markedly forked with pointed lobes. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 7 – 8 (8), A: III 10 – 12 (11), P: 13 – 15 (14), V: 7, GR: 6 – 9 (8), LL: 41 – 49 (43 – 47), TV: 40 – 41. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 218). Found in several river and streams in southwestern Caspian Sea basin between Sardabrud and Astara Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is very abundant in its distribution range which together with having a relatively large distribution range, and thus we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2329C48FCE3558C23FEFEA1.taxon	description	Alburnoides tabarestanensis Mousavi-Sabet [H.], AnvariFar [H.] & Azizi [F.] 2015: 146; Type locality: Tajan River, southern Caspian Sea basin, Mazandaran Province, Iran, 36 ° 11 ' N, 53 ° 19 ' E. Holotype: VMFC AL 201 MH. Paratypes: GUIC ALT – P (4), VMFC AL 2049 P (45). Common name: Pr: Khayateh-e Tabarestani, Lapek, En: Tabarestan Spirlin. Diagnosis: Lack of obvious dark spots or pigmentation in the lateral line canal, terminal mouth with the tip of the mouth cleft between level of middle of pupil and lower margin of pupil, 2.5 – 4.2 pharyngeal teeth, usually 4 or 5 scale rows between lateral line and anal fin origin. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 9 (8), A: III 11 – 14 (12), P: 11 – 14 (12 – 13), V: 6 – 7 (7), GR: 7 – 10 (8 – 9), LL: 47 – 54, TV: 39 – 41. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 220). Occurs in several rivers in central parts of the Southern Caspian Sea basin, i. e., Tajan, Siyahrud, Keselian and Toji Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. A. tabarestanensis as it is the case for many of the other species of the genus, occurs in relatively high range distribution in very abundant populations. We therefore classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2379C4EFCB4574C24F0FDE2.taxon	description	Cyprinus clupeoides Pallas [P. S.] 1776: 704; Type locality: Terek River, Caspian Sea basin, Russia. No types known. Leuciscus albuloides Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 298; Type locality: Iran rivers. Leuciscus mento Valenciennes [A.] (ex Agassiz) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 271; Type locality: Danube River, Austria. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3894. Alburnus longissimus Warpachowski [N. A.] 1892: 154; Type locality: Geotapinka River, Lenkoran District, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: BMNH 1891.10.7.28 [ex ZIN] (1); ZIN 8653 – 54 (2, 6 +). Alburnus latissimus Kamensky [S. N.] 1901: 120 [German p. 191]; Type locality: Mouth of Kura River, Caspian Sea basin, Azerbaijan. Holotype (unique):? ZMT (not at ZIN). Alburnus chalcoides aralensis Berg [L. S.] 1923: 272, 506; Type locality: Vozrozhdenie Island, Aral Sea. No types known. Alburnus (Chalcalburnus) chalcoides sapancae Battalgil [F.] 1941: 179; Type locality: Lake Sapanca, western Anatolia, Turkey. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Chalcalburnus chalcoides iranicus Svetovidov [A. N.] 1945: 144; Type locality: Near Shakhi, Talar River basin, entering Caspian Sea, Iran. Syntypes: (several) ZIN 31221 (4), 31222 (6 +). Common name: Pr: Shah Kuli, Kuli, Kas-e kuli, En: Shemaya. Diagnosis: The short, naked ventral keel, usually 8 branched dorsal fin rays, caudal peduncle depth 1.9 – 2.4 times in its length, nuptial males with few, large tubercles, lacking dark midlateral stripe and distribution can be used to identify this species. Meristic characters: D: II – III (III) 7 – 9 (8), A: III 12 – 16 (14 – 15), P: 13 – 16 (15 – 16), V: 7 – 9 (8), GR: 18 – 25 (20 – 22), LL: 54 – 74, TV: 42 – 45. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 224). Found in Atrak, Gorgan, Ghara su, Shafarud, Tajan, Babol, Haraz, Sardab, Aras, Valiabad, Tonekabon, Pol-e Rud, Kheyroud and Sefidrud rivers, Anzali Wetland, southeast, southwest and south-central Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Chalcalburnus but Bogutskaya (1997) transferred to Alburnus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2369C4DFC9754EC222DFD61.taxon	description	Alburnus maculatus Keyserling [E. Von] 1861: 16 [19]; Type locality: Near Gaz, 32 ° 48 ' N, 51 ° 37 ' E, northeast of Esfahan, Iran. No types saved. Alburnus doriae De Filippi [F.] 1865: 360; Type locality: Shiraz, Iran. Lectotype: MZUT N. 720. Paralectotypes: MSNG 9102 (6, 5 not this species). Petroleuciscus esfahani Coad [B. W.] & Bogutskaya [N. G.] 2010: 38; Type locality: Esfahan, stream at Dizaj in the southern Zayandeh River drainasge, 31 ° 55 ' N, 51 ° 30 ' E, central Iran. Holotype: CMNFI 1979 – 0249. Paratypes: CMNFI 1979 – 0251 (1). Alburnus amirkabiri Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.], Khataminejad [S.], Eagderi [S.], Abbasi [K.], Nasri [M.], Jouladeh [A.] & Vasil’eva [E. D.] 2015: 43; Type locality: Markazi Province, Ghareh-Chay River, in the Namak Lake basin, 34 ° 53 ' N, 50 ° 02 ' E, Iran. Holotype: VMFC ALB 201 H. Paratypes: VMFC, ZMMU. Common name: Pr: Aroos mahi, En: Dori bleak. Diagnosis: Pharyngeal tooth count usually 2.5 – 4.2, modally 8 branched dorsal fin rays, modally 10 – 11 anal fin branched rays, vertebrae count of 40 – 42, most common vertebral formulae 22 + 19, 22 + 20 and 21 + 20. Meristic characters: D: II – III (III) 7 – 9 (8), A: III 9 – 12 (10 – 11), P: 13 – 17 (14 – 16), V: 7 – 9 (8), GR: 12 – 18, LL: 44 – 59, TV: 42 – 45. Distribution: Namak, Esfahan and Tigris basins (Fig. 226). Found in Zayandehrud, Garachay, Kordan, Jajurud and Behesht Abad Rivers (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2017 a). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Due to the wide distribution of this species in the Namak Lake, Esfahan and Tigris basins and their big population size and the lack of any particular known threat, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2349C4CFF1E568C2452FEE1.taxon	description	Alburnus filippii Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 153; Type locality: Upper Kura River near Tbilisi, Georgia, Eurasia. Lectotype: ZIN 2926. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1897.7.5.33 [ex ZIN] (1); ZIN 2914 (2), 2925 (13), 50412 [ex ZIN 2926] (16). Common name: Pr: Kuli-ye Kura, Morvarid mahi, En: Kura bleak. Diagnosis: Modally 7 branched dorsal fin rays and typically lower anal fin ray counts although these do overlap. Meristic characters: D: III 6 – 8 (7), A: III 9 – 13 (10 – 11), P: 12 – 16 (13 – 14), V: 6 – 8 (7), GR: 12 – 17 (14 – 15), LL: 46 – 63, TV: 38 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 228). Found in west of the Caspian Sea basin and Kura River system. It is distributed from the upper to the lower reaches of the Aras and Sefidrud rivers as well as Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 c).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2349CB3FCE357EC232CFE81.taxon	description	Alburnus hohenackeri Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 156; Type locality: Karabakh, Azerbaijan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 2339 [not 2839]. Alburnus charusini Herzenstein [S. M.] in Zograf & Kavraisky 1889: 50; Type locality: Maly Uzen River mouth, Lakes Kamysh- Samarskiye, Zapadno-Kazakhstanskaya Obl., Kazakhstan. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P – 1314. Alburnus lucidus var. macropterus Kamensky [S. N.] 1901: 113 [German p. 188]; Type locality: Alazan River, Georgia, Eurasia. Holotype (unique):? ZMT (not at ZIN). Common name: Pr: Morvarid mahi, En: North Caucasian bleak. Diagnosis: Scales and pharyngeal counts of this species similar to Alburnoides spp., but gill raker count can be diagnostic (18 – 26 vs. 5 – 14), Alburnus gill rakers are longer than Alburnoides. In addition, scale of A. hohenackeri weakly connected to the skin and often separate easily. Meristic characters: D: II – IV 7 – 9 (8), A: III – IV 12 – 16 (13 – 14), P: 12 – 15 (13 – 14), V: 7 – 8 (8), GR: 19 – 25 (21 – 22), LL: 40 – 50 (41 – 43), TV: 37 – 41 (38 – 39). Distribution: Native populations of this species are found in the Caspian Sea basin. Due to the Carp introduction to other basins of Iran this species is also introduced in all basins of Iran. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 c).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2CA9CB1FC8F54CC2542FD41.taxon	description	Alburnus taeniatus Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 26; Type locality: Syr-daria River, Turkestan [Kazakhstan]. No types at ZIN. Common name: Pr: Morvarid mahi navar dar, Morvarid mahi Harirud, En: Striped bystranka. Diagnosis: Lacking stitched color pattern, having weak scale connection, and presence of a wide flank stripe especially in the formalin and ethanol preserved specimens can be diagnostic. It looks very similar to A. hohenackeri but the dark bar on the flanks, especially in fixed samples, can distinguish this species. Meristic characters: D: III 8 – 9, A: III 11 – 12, P: 10 – 12, V: 7 – 8, GR: 15 – 20, LL: 40 – 43, TV: 36 – 39. Distribution: Hari River basin (Fig. 234). Just found in Hari River (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016 a). Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Alburnoides but base on previous study (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016 a) and own unpublished molecular study, it belongs to Alburnus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. The population size of this species in Iran is very small and is only found in the Harirud River slightly after Dusti Dam Lake, but there is no actual information on its distribution and statues in Turkmenistan and Afghanistan (to the best of our knowledge). Hence, more studies are necessary to assess this species’ conservation category.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2C99CB7FCA8568C263CFEC1.taxon	description	Leuciscus gaderanus Günther [A.] 1899: 388; Type locality: Gader Chai, near Ocksa, northwestern Iran; near mouth of Nazlu Chai at Superghan, Iran. Syntypes: (3 + 3) BMNH 1899.9.30.113 – 115 (3) Ocksa, 1899.9.30.108 – 112 (? 2 of 5 are types). Leuciscus ulanus Günther [A.] 1899: 387; Type locality: Ula on the Zola Chai, northwestern Iran. Syntypes: BMNH 1984.10.10.1 – 2 (2). Alburnus atropatenae Berg [L. S.] 1925: 213; Type locality: Rivers of Lake Urmia, Iran. Syntypes: (46) BMNH 1899.9.30.127 (1), 1899.9.30.128 – 130 (3); not at ZIN. Common name: Pr: Kuli, Shah kuli-e Oromiyeh, En: Urmia Lake bleak. Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from its relatives by a combination of characters, Total gill rakers 15 – 16, commonly 11 branched anal fin rays, lateral line scales 46 – 63. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 8 (8), A: III 9 – 12 (11), P: 13 – 16 (14 – 15), V: 8 – 9 (8), GR: 15 – 16, LL: 46 – 63, TV: 40. Distribution: Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 236). Found in Kazim-chai, Ozband River, Talkheh, Ghalechai, Zarrineh and Tatavi (Siminerud) rivers. Taxonomy: The genus Petroleuciscus was described by Bogutskaya (2002) based on morphological characters and, P. esfahani, P. ulanus and P. persidis from Iran were placed in this genus. According to Perea et al. (2010), P. persidis does not belong to this genus; therefore, they placed it in Acanthobrama. Based on the material from type locality (Zayandehrud River, Esfahan basin), and also Namak and Tigris basins, Mohammadian-Kalat et al. (2017) showed P. esfahani was not a valid species and they identified the studied material as Alburnus doriae. On the other hand, based on the material obtained from the type locality of P. ulanus (Ula on the Zola Chai, Urmia Lake basin) and other rivers surrounding it and the Urmia basin, we did not found any molecular and morphological difference between P. ulanus (Alburnus ulanus) and Alburnus atropatenae (own unpublished data). Therefore, we consider A. atropatenae as a joniur synonym of A. ulanus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Due to the wide distribution of this species in upper part of Urmia Lake basin (i. e., Kazim-chai, Ozband River, Talkheh, Ghalechai, Tatavi and Zarrineh rivers), their big population size and the lack of any particular known threat, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2CF9CB7FF2B57CD232EFE61.taxon	description	Cyprinus brama minor Forster [J. R.] 1767: 356; Type locality: Volga River, Russia. No types known. Cyprinus cleveza Pallas [P. S.] (ex Güldenstädt) 1814: 329; Type locality: Solotaja Kossa / Zolotaya Kosa, about 22 km southsouthwest of Taganrog, Rostov Oblast, Russia, Sea of Azov. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Cyprinus sapa Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 328; Type locality: Volga River and tributaries. No types known. Abramis schreibersii Heckel [J. J.] 1836: 227; Type locality: Danube River, downriver from Vienna and March, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 16584 (1), 79462 – 63 (1, 1). Abramis sapa bergi Belyaeff [W. N.] 1929: 87; Type locality: Kura River, southern Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: (187). Abramis sapa aralensis Tiapkin [P. M.] 1939: 149; Type locality: Aral Sea, lower part of Amu-Daria, and Syr-Daria River, Kazakalpakstan and Uzbekistan. Syntypes: ZMMU P – 3364 (2). Common name: Pr: Saba, Mahi sim kondpuzeh, En: White-eye bream. Diagnosis: Naked keel on the belly, deep body, very high number of branched rays in the anal fin, usually 8 branched dorsal fin rays and uniserial pharyngeal teeth. Meristic characters: D: II – III (III) 7 – 9 (8), A: III 31 – 44 (34 – 38), P: 13 – 16, V: 7 – 8, GR: 18 – 25, LL: 47 – 54, TV: 45 – 48. Distribution: Caspian Sea basins (Fig. 238). Found in the basins of the Black, Caspian and Aral seas. Reported from Iran by Derzhavin (1934), Berg (1949) and Holčík and Oláh (1992) but not found in recent years, presumably report of this species from Iran is a mis-identification with Abramis brama. Presence of this species in Iran needs confirmation. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Abramis but Bogutskaya and Naseka (2004) transferred in Ballerus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 g).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2CF9CB5FCA7542D2671FE22.taxon	description	Cyprinus bjoerkna Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 326; Type locality: Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 54 ° 05 ' N, 13 ° 23 ' E, Germany. Neotype: SMNS 12668. Cyprinus gieben Wulff [J. C.] 1765: 50; Type locality: Rivers of Borussia [Prussia], Germany. No types known. Cyprinus plestya Leske [N. G.] 1774: 69; Type locality: Lipsiae / Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany. No types known. Cyprinus blicca Bloch [M. E.] 1782: 65; Type locality: Germany. No types known. Cyprinus latus Gmelin [J. F.] 1789: 1438; Type locality: Germany; France; Belgium. Cyprinus meckel Hermann [J.] 1804: 328; Type locality: France. Cyprinus gibbosus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Agassiz) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 58; Type locality: No locality. Holotype (?): MNHN B – 1079. Cyprinus laskyr Güldenstädt [J. A. von] in Pallas 1814: 326; Type locality: Lower Tanai and Lipewiza River, Voronicensis, Russia. No types known. Blicca argyroleuca Heckel [J. J.] 1843: 1007 [17]; Type locality: No locality. Syntypes: NMW 16901 (2), 54918 – 20 (6, 4, 1). Abramis erythropterus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Agassiz) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 58; Type locality: No locality. Holotype (?): MNHN B – 1079. Abramis micropteryx Valenciennes [A.] (ex Agassiz) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844: 44; Type locality: Switzerland. Possible types: MNHN 0000 – 1080 to 1081 (1, 1). Cyprinus latus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 179; Type locality: European lakes. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.146 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Blicca intermedia Fatio [V.] 1882: 355; Type locality: Rhone River at Lyon, France. Holotype (unique): MHNG 656.16. Blicca bjoerkna transcaucasica Berg [L. S.] 1916: 306; Type locality: Lower reaches of the Kura River, Araks, Lenkoran District, Transcaucasia. Barbus bjoerkna derjavini Dadikyan [M. G.] 1970: 740 [550]; Type locality: Sevdzhur River, tributary to Araks River, Armenia. Syntypes: (30) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Simparak, Simnama, En: White bream, Silver bream. Diagnosis: Naked ventral keel, postdorsal groove, long anal fin, lateral line scale count and mouth sub-inferior which can not be extended as a tube, eye diameter about equal to snout length in individuals larger than 100 mm SL and orange or reddish base of paired fins. Meristic characters: D: III 8 – 9 (8), A: III 16 – 24 (18 – 20), P: 14 – 16, V: 7 – 9, GR: 7 – 14, LL: 41 – 47, TV: 38 – 40. Distribution: Caspian Sea basins (Fig. 240). Found in Sefidrud, Gorgan, Aras, Tajan, Atrak, Sardab, Haraz, Mahmod Abad Rivers and Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed it in Blicca. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 h).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2CD9CB4FF0F546D24CBFDE2.taxon	description	Chondrostoma cyri Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 137; Type locality: Kura River, Tbilisi, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (8) BMNH 1897.7.5.27 [ex St. Petersberg Univ.] (1), ZIN 10919 (2). Common name: Pr: Shekamsiah-e Aras, En: Southern Caspian nase. Diagnosis: This species is the only one in its genus in the Caspian Sea basin. Meristic characters: D: IV 8 – 10, A: III 9 – 10, P: 9 – 15, V: 9 – 10, GR: 21 – 31, LL: 55 – 64, TV: 43 – 45. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 242). Only found in upper part of Aras River (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015 c). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species occurs in Kura and Aras River systems which are shared between Iran, Armenia, Turkey and Azerbaijan. In Iran a very reduced number have been recorded from one locality (Aras dam, Close to Poldasht county), but there is no information about it from the other countries where it occurs. Hence, we did not believe that there are enough data to make a classification.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2CD9CB4FF0F546D24CBFDE2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Kapore poze dare Esmaeili, En: Esmaeili nase. Diagnosis: Lacking a horny blade on lower jaw, arched mouth, lower number of scale on lateral line, scales above of lateral line scales below of lateral line and short and few gill raker. Meristic characters: D: IV 8 – 9 (8), A: III 10, P: 15 – 17, V: 9, GR: 15 – 17, LL: 51 – 58, TV: 43. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 244). Just found in Sarab-e Ravansar River (Eagderi et al. 2017 a). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Vulnerable D 2. This species is only found from Sarab e Ravansar (type locality), situated in Ravansar city center and is severely affected by water extraction, pollution and drought. Area of occupancy of the species is typically less than 20 km 2; we therefore classified it as Vulnerable D 2.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2CC9CBBFCF354ED2253FDE1.taxon	description	Chondrostoma cyri orientalis Bianco [P. G.] & Bănărescu [P. M.] 1982: 80; Type locality: Pulwar River near Persepolis, Iran. Holotype: IZA 8170. Paratypes: (85) ANSP 150985 (2), ISBB uncat. (10), IZA 7833 (orig. 75,? now 19), FMNH 94519 (2), NMC 82 – 365 (6), USNM 227934 (1). Common name: Pr: Kapore poze dar-e Kor, En: Oriental nase, Kor nase. Diagnosis: This species similar to C. esmaeili but distinguished by having arched mouth (vs. straight or slightly arched), shallowly forked caudal fin with rounded lobes (vs. forked caudal fin and pointed lobes, short snout length (17 – 21 vs. 25 – 33 % SL), short head width (45 – 64 vs. 55 – 64 % HL), and lower number of gill rakers (15 – 17 vs. 25 – 34). Meristic characters: D: IV 7 – 8 (8), A: III 9 – 10 (9), P: 15 – 17, V: 8 – 9, GR: 25 – 34, LL: 49 – 57, TV: 42 – 45. Distribution: Kor River basin (Fig. 246). Taxonomy: Elvira (1987) gave it full species rank. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 1 ab (i, ii, iii, iv). In our exhaustive field work in the Kor River during the last 10 years, no individual of this species has been found. The only locality where some individuals of the species still may survive is the Drodzan Dam reservoir (not confirmed). To the best of our knowledge, only a few fixed samples of this species are available at the zoology museum of the university of Shiraz. Consequently, we classified the species as Critically Endangered, possibly Extinct (on a precautionary basis), and recommend more surveys.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2C19CB8FCB354ED2206FEE2.taxon	description	Cyprinus cultratus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 326; Type locality: Helgeån River. Holotype (unique): ZMUU Linn. Coll. 224 (poor condition). Clupea ziga Wulff [J. C.] 1765: 40; Type locality: Curonian Lagoon, Lithuania and Russia. No types known. Pelecus cultratus kurensis Smirnov [V. P.] 1943: 89; Type locality: Kura River basin. Common name: Pr: Shamshir mahi abe shirin, En: Sichel, Ziege. Diagnosis: Mouth oblique, low wavy lateral line and a sharp ventral scaleless keel. Meristic characters: D: II – III (III) 6 – 10 (7), A: II – III (III) 29 – 24, P: 13 – 17, V: 6 – 8, GR: 15 – 26, LL: 88 – 120, TV: 46 – 52. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 252). Reported from Sefidrud River and Anzali Wetland. Rarely catch in southern Caspian Sea basin. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Pelecus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 z). In Iranian part of Caspian Sea basin rarely found in Anzali Wetland and Gilan coast.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2C09CBFFC9957AD221CFC82.taxon	description	Cyprinus aspius Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 325; Type locality: Swedish lakes. No types known. Cyprinus rapax Leske [N. G.] 1774: 56; Type locality: Lipsiae / Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany. No types known. Cyprinus rapax Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 311; Type locality: Volga, Tanais and Borysthenis rivers, and Caman, Occam, and Suram. No types known. Cyprinus taeniatus Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831: 102; Type locality: Kura River at Mingetschaur, Azerbaijan. No types known. Aspius rapax Agassiz [L.] 1835: 38; Unneeded new name for Cyprinus aspius Linnaeus 1758. Aspius vulgaris Leiblein [V.] 1853: 123; Type locality: Name as Aspius vulgaris Agassiz. Alburnus iblioides Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 63 [19]; Type locality: Springs at Yany-Kurgan; Syr Darya River, Tajikistan. Syntypes: (2) ZIN 24344 (1). Aspius rapax var. jaxartensis Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 27; Type locality: Syr-Darya River, central Asia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Aspius erytrostomus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 143; Type locality: Aral Sea and lower part of Amu Darya River, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: (many) none found at ZIN. Aspius linnei Malm [A. W.] 1877: 567; Type locality: Original as Linnéi. Unneeded replacement name for Cyprinus aspius Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid “ Strickland tautonomy ”). Aspius transcaucasicus Warpachowski [N. A.] 1896: 29 [7]; Type locality: Lenkoran River and Lake Bussadagny, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: ZIN 10488 (2), 10497 – 98 (1, 2). Common name: Pr: Mash, Kasham, En: Asp, European asp. Diagnosis: Maxilla extending beyond front margin of eye, and sharp keel between pelvic fin and anal fin origins covered by scales. Long shape body, laterally compressed with a long sharp head. Green back with silver to blue tints. Lighter flanks and Silver white belly. Meristic characters: D: II – III (III) 7 – 10 (8), A: III – IV (III) 12 – 16 (13), P: 14 – 17, V: 7 – 9, GR: 8 – 11, LL: 64 – 76, TV: 50 – 51. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 254). Found in Anzali Wetland and other coastal area of southern Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Aspius but Perea et al. (2010) transferred to Leuciscus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (under name Aspius aspius (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 f )).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2C59CBDFF3C578D2324FC82.taxon	description	Gardonus wyrozub Walecki [A.] 1863: 341, 360; Type locality: Several localities. No types known. Syntypes:? NMW 50456 (2). Leuciscus frisii caspius Lönnberg [E.] 1900: 16; Type locality: Volga River delta, Russia. Holotype (unique): NRM. Rutilus frisii velecensis Chichkoff [G.] 1932: 355, 371; Type locality: Veleca River and Rezvaïa River, tributary to Black Sea, Bulgaria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Mahi sefid, En: Kutum. Diagnosis: Body almost cylindrical, depth 19 – 26 % SL, abdomen posterior to pelvic rounded, snout rounded, mouth stout and subterminal and see Rutilus lacustris. Meristic characters: D: III 8 – 10 (9), A: III 9 – 12 (10), P: 16 – 19, V: 8 – 9 (8), GR: 8 – 11, LL: 47 – 59, TV: 40 – 44. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 259). Entering almost all the rivers to spawn including Atrak, Gorgan, Qarasu, Tajan, Babol, Haraz, Sardab, Aras, Shirud, Tonekabon, Valiabad, Khoshkrud, Polrud and Sefidrud rivers also found in Anzali Wetland and Gorgan Bay. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Rutilus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ai).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2C49CA3FF60568C2641FE81.taxon	description	Leuciscus heckelii Nordmann [A. von] 1840: 491; Type locality: Crimea, Ukraine, Black Sea. No types known. Syntypes: ZIN 3008 – 09 (3). Leuciscus rutilus var. caspicus Yakovlev [V. E.] 1870: 103 [3]; Type locality: Volga River Delta, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Rutilus rutilus aralensis Berg [L. S.] 1916: 134; Type locality: Aral Sea. Syntypes:? ZIN. Rutilus rutilus schelkovnikovi Derjavin [A. N.] 1926: 162 [4]; Type locality: Karasu, a tributary of the Araks River, Armenia. Syntypes: (many) whereabouts unknown. Rutilus stoumboudae Bianco [P. G.] & Ketmaier [V.] 2014: 398; Type locality: Lake Volvi, Greece. Holotype: IZA 02107 A. Paratypes: IZA 02107 B (11). Common name: Pr: Kolmeh, En: Caspian roach. Meristic characters: D: II – V 8 – 12 (9), A: II – IV 8 – 12, P: 14 – 18, V: 7 – 9, GR: 9 – 17 (10 – 14), LL: 39 – 48, TV: 37 – 42. Diagnosis: Similar to R. frisii but can be distinguished by having lower scale count (less than 50) and the posterior part of the swim bladder being rounded rather than pointed. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 261). Found in Sefidrud, Gorgan rud, Aras, Atrak River and Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed lacustris in Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) as a subspecies. Kottelat (1997) synonymised with Rutilus rutilus but Levin et al. (2017) regard as full and valid species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Rutilus lacustris is a widespread species with no known widespread threats. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2DB9CA2FF00574C24CEFE82.taxon	description	Cyprinus rubellio Leske [N. G.] 1774: 53; Type locality: Lipsiae / Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany; Swedish Lakes. Syntypes:? LSL 63 – 64 (2). Cyprinus jaculus Jurine [L.] 1825: 221; Type locality: [Lac Léman] Lake Geneva, Switzerland and France. Leuciscus prasinus Agassiz [L.] 1835: 46; Type locality: Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Syntypes: MHNN 994 (2), 994 B (2), 995 (1). Cyprinus fulvus Vallot [J. - N.] 1837: 183; Type locality: Market in Dijon, France. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. Leuciscus rutiloides Selys-Longchamps [E. de] 1842: 212; Type locality: Meuse River, Liège, Belgium. Holotype (unique): IRSNB 108. Leuciscus selysii Selys-Longchamps [E. de] (ex Heckel) 1842: 210; Type locality: Longchamps-sur-Geer, Belgium. Syntypes: IRSBN,? MHNN 996 (1). Leuciscus lividus Heckel [J. J.] 1843: 1039 [49]; Type locality: Balaton Lake, and Marizza River, Hungary. Syntypes: NMW 49978 – 79 (2, 3). Leuciscus pausingeri Heckel [J. J.] 1843: 1039 [49]; Type locality: Egelsee, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 49884 – 86 (1, 1, 1). Leucos cenisophius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845: 7; Type locality: Part of former Gaul drained by rivers Saône and Doubs, France. Holotype: ANSP 6430. Gardonus pigulus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845: 436; Type locality: Lakes in Switzerland. Holotype: ANSP 6540. Cyprinus pigus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 183; Type locality: Europe. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.154 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Leuciscus jurinii Dybowski [B. N.] 1862: 230; Type locality: Lake Geneva, Switzerland and France. Leuciscus rutilus var. daugawensis Dybowski [B. N.] (ex Kessler) 1862: 228, 237; Type locality: Düna River, Riga, Latvia. No types at ZIN. Gardonus ruboculus Walecki [A.] 1863: 364; Type locality: Apparently an unneeded new name for Cyprinus rutilus Linnaeus 1758. Leuciscus pallens Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 386; Type locality: Small rivers in the vicinity of Annecy, France. Syntypes:? MNHN. Leuciscus rutilus var. auratus Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873: 334; Type locality: Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. Leuciscus rutilus var. communis Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873: 334; Type locality: Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. Leuciscus rutilus var. fluviatilis Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873: 334; Type locality: Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. Leuciscus rutilus forma bolmensis Malm [A. W.] 1877: 560; Type locality: Lake Bolmen, Småland, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Leuciscus rutilus var. communis Rossikov [K. M.] 1895: No. 53; Type locality: Terek River, Mosdok. No types known. Leuciscus rutilus var. terekensis Rossikov [K. M.] 1895: No. 54; Type locality: Terek River, Mosdok, Russia. No types known. Leuciscus rutilus var. vobla Dikson [B. I.] 1909: 31; Type locality: Saratow, Russia. No types known. Rutilus rutilus mariza Drensky [P.] 1926: 133; Type locality: Mariza River, Bulgaria. Syntypes: NMNHS. Leuciscus pigus dojranensis Karaman [S.] 1928: 153; Type locality: Lake Dojran, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (several) IEBMT. Rutilus rutilus carpathorossicus Vladykov [V. D.] 1930: 103; Type locality: Laborec River, tributary of Bodrog, Slovakia. Lectotype: MNHN 1930 – 0211. Paralectotypes: NMP P 6 V 83669 (1), Rutilus rutilus uzboicus Berg [L. S.] 1932: 315 (766); Type locality: Lake Yashkan, Uzboi River basin. Syntypes:? ZIN 2312 (?). Rutilus rutilus form bucharensis Nikolskii [G. V.] 1933: 264; Type locality: Termez, Upper Amu-Darya basin, Uzbekistan. Holotype: ZMMU P – 1390. Paratypes: ZMMU P – 1781 (4). Rutilus rutilus var. goplensis Stangenberg [M.] 1938: 51; Type locality: Lake Goplo, Poland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Rutilus rutilus var. sucharensis Stangenberg [M.] 1938: 47; Type locality: Lake Suchar Wielki, Poland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Rutilus rutilus var. vegariticus Stephanidis [A.] 1950: 203; Type locality: Lake Vegaritida, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Rutilus rutilus frici Misik [V.] 1957: 11; Type locality: Inundation near Celákovice, Elbe River basin, central Bohemia, Czech Republic. Syntypes: (80) SNMB Ry 363. Common name: Pr: Kolmeh, En: European roach. Diagnosis: Body laterally compressed, depth 25 – 35 % SL, Caudal fin with 18 – 19 rays, mouth terminal, snout pointed, iris from yellow in juveniles to deep red in adults, pectoral, pelvic and anal fins orange to red, and no midlateral stripe. Meristic characters: D: II – V 10, A: II – IV 10, P: 14 – 18, V: 8 – 9, GR: 10 – 14, LL: 41 – 44, TV: 37 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 262). Found in north to Pyrenees and Alps, eastward to Ural (Caspian basin), Aegean basin in Pinios, Vardar, Vegoritis, Kastoria, and Maritza drainages. Presence in Iran water need confirmation. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Rutilus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 aj).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2DA9CA1FCEA570D2324FE02.taxon	description	Cyprinus erythrophthalmus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 324; Type locality: Northern Europe. No types known. Cyprinus erythrops Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 317; Type locality: Siberia and Russia. No types known. Cyprinus compressus Hollberg [L.] 1822: 66; Type locality: Canals in Götheborg, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Cyprinus scardula Nardo [G. D.] 1827: 34, 40 (no. 159); Type locality: Lake Zürich, Switzerland; lakes of Auvergne. No types known. Leuciscus caeruleus Yarrell [W.] 1837: 8; Type locality: Knowsley Park, England. No types known. Cyprinus fuscus Vallot [J. - N.] 1837: 146; Type locality: Market,? Dijon, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Leuciscus apollonitis Richardson [J.] 1857: 374; Type locality: Lake Apollonitis [Apulyont], northwestern Turkey. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1856.5. 2.6. Scardinius macrophthalmus Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857: 160; Type locality: Lake Hecht near Kupfstein, Tirol, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 51678 – 84 (1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2). Scardinius crocophthalmus Walecki [A.] 1863: 364; Type locality: Apparently an unneeded new name for Cyprinus erythrophthalmus Linnaeus 1758. Abramis crysoleucas roseus Bean [T. H.] 1903: 134; Type locality: Lake in Central Park, New York City, New York, U. S. A. [introduced]. Scardinius erythrophthalmus var. dojranensis Karaman [S.] 1924: 60; Type locality: Lake Dojran, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (several) IEBMT. Scardinius erythrophthalmus var. achrus Stephanidis [A.] 1950: 206; Type locality: Cholorema River near Almiros, Thessalia, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Sorkhe par, Mahi chesm ghermez, En: Rudd, Redeye roach. Diagnosis: Similar to Rutilus rutilus and R. lacustris but can be distinguished by the posterior position of the dorsal fin, ventral keel, the superior mouth and the serrated pharyngeal teeth in 2 rows. Meristic characters: D: II – IV 7 – 10 (8), A: III – IV 9 – 13 (11), P: 13 – 16, V: 7 – 9 (8), GR: 6 – 16 (9 – 13), LL: 36 – 45, TV: 37 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 264). Found in Aras and Sefidrud rivers and Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Scardinius. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 al).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D89CA0FF68556D24BAFC7C.taxon	description	Squalius latus Keyserling [E. Von] 1861: 21 [24]; Type locality: Heri-rud River near Herat, Afghanistan. Holotype (unique): No types saved. Squalius transcaspiensis Berg [L. S.] 1898: 16 [3]; Type locality: Apparently Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, not Ashgabat on the Tedschent River. Syntypes: (many) ZMMU (not found in 2002). Common name: Pr: Aroos Mahi-e Harirud, En: Transcaspian dace. Diagnosis: Low count of lateral line scale (fewer than 45) and distribution identify this species in northeastern Iran. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 8 (7), A: III 9 – 10 (9), P: 13 – 15, V: 9 – 10 (9), GR: 8 – 11, LL: 43 – 44, TV: 39 – 41. Distribution: Hari basin (Fig. 269). Only found in Hari River. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Leuciscus but our unpublished work (molecular and morphology) showed this species belong to Squalius. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species is distributed in Afghanistan and Iran. There is no information available about the distribution and the conservation status of the species in Afghanistan. In Iran it is found only in Hari River. We believe more data are needed to objectively assess its conservation status; therefore, we classified it as Data Deficient.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2DC9CA4FF74542D24A7FE62.taxon	description	Squalius turcicus De Filippi [F.] 1865: 359; Type locality: River Arax [Aras Nehri] near Erzurum, Turkey.? MZUT. Common name: Pr: Sefid rodkhaneyi, Aroos Mahi, En: Transcaucasian chub. Diagnosis: Posterior tip of flank scales without bold blotch, mouth terminal, tip of upper lip level with tip of lower lip, caudal-, anal- and pelvic fin rays orange in life, knob on lower jaw symphysis small. Meristic characters: D: III 7 – 8 (8), A: III 7 – 9 (8), P: 14 – 15, V: 8, GR: 9 – 10 (9), LL: 42 – 45, TV: 47 – 49. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 279). Found in Gorgan, Tajan, Siyahrud, Babolrud, Haraz, Sardab rud, Sefidrud, Qezel Ozan and Aras Rivers as well as Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 ah).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2DC9CABFCAF542D26A8FE41.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Anjak, gorgak, En: Gorgak. Diagnosis: Large last unbranched dorsal fin ray with a developed denticulated, which longer than head length and barbels are absent. Meristic characters: D: III – IV (III) 7 – 9 (8), A: II – III 5 – 6 (5), P: 12 – 20, V: 8 – 10, GR: 10 – 11, LL: 96 – 120, TV: 48. Distribution: Sistan basin (Fig. 280). Found in Hamon and Chahnime lakes and Hirmand River. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Devi and Bogutskaya 2009 c).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D39CAAFF23544D26EBFEE1.taxon	description	Cyprinus persa Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 310; Type locality: Iran in lakes along the Kura River. No types known. Common name: Pr: Siyah koli, Koli, En: Persian vimba, Caspian vimba. Diagnosis: Snout projects over the lower jaw and in large fish is quite bulbous and naked ventral keel. Meristic characters: D: II – III 7 – 9 (8), A: III 16 – 19, P: 14 – 17, V: 8 – 9, GR: 15 – 20, LL: 47 – 55, TV: 41 – 33. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 282). Sefidrud, Gorgan, Gharasu, Tajan, Babol, Haraz, Sardab, Valiabad, Tonekabon, Polrud, Havigh rivers, and the southeast, southwest and south-central Caspian Sea as well as Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Vimba vimba persa was the subspecies in the Caspian Sea basin but recognized as a full species by Naseka and Bogutskaya (2009). Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. It is a widespread species with no known major threat across its distribution range. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D19CA8FF6A570D23C0FEE2.taxon	description	Cobitis avicennae Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.], Esmaeili [H. R.], Geiger [M. F.] & Freyhof [J.] 2015: 562; Type locality: Hamedan Province, Gamasiab River at Dehno, a tributary to Karkheh, 34 ° 10 ' 15 " N, 48 ° 21 ' 19 " E, Iran, altitude 1,610 m. Holotype: GUIC CC 1462 MA. Paratypes: CUIC CC 1462 M (6). Common name: Pr: Roftegar mahi Ebne Sina, En: Avicenna spined loach. Diagnosis: No spot on upper caudal fin base, no spot or a small, usually comma-shaped black spot on upper caudal fin base, Subdorsal scales with a small focal zone (about or less than 1 / 10 of maximum scale diameter), Z 4 consisting of 12 – 17 dark brown blotches, individuals larger than 65 mm SL with 5 – 6 rows of dark spots on dorsal and caudal fins. Meristic characters: D: II 6, A: II 5, P: 7 – 8, V: 5 – 6, Z 4: 12 – 17, TV: 39 – 40. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 284). Found in Gamasiab, Dinevar and Leyleh Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv). Populations of this species are only known from three localities which occur in highly reduced numbers. This species is critically affected by severe drought, water extraction for agricultural use, pollution, loss of habitat due to gravel extraction from the river beds and isolation of local populations. It occurs in less than five localities and its AOO is less than 500 km 2 and severely fragmented. Therefore, we classified it as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D09CAFFC9557ED2201FE01.taxon	description	Cobitis faridpaki Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vasil’eva [E. D.], Vatandoust [S.] & Vasil’ev [V. P.] 2011: 928; Type locality: Siahrud River, Mazandaran region, 36 ° 26 ' 85.05 " N, 52 ° 56 ' 70.08 " E, northern Iran, elevation 83 m. Holotype: GUIC CC 1403 MA. Paratypes: GUIC CCC 1403 M (3). CC 1404 M (9), CC 1405 (10); ZMMU P – 22694 (2). Cobitis keyvani Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Yerli [S. V.], Vatandoust [S.], Özeren [S. C.] & Moradkhani [Z.] 2012: 8; Type locality: Keselian stream, Talar River, southeast of the Caspian Sea basin, Mazandarann Province, Iran, 36 ° 11 ' 74.09 " N, 53 ° 00 ' 92.01 " E, elevation 473 m. Holotype: GUIC CC 1389 MA. Paratypes: GUIC CC 1389 M (8), 1390 (6), 1391 (5). Common name: Pr: Roftegar mahi Faridpak, En: Faridpak’s spined loach. Diagnosis: One black spot on upper caudal fin base, a small, usually comma-shaped black spot on upper caudal fin base, Subdorsal scales with a small focal zone (about or less than 1 / 10 of maximum scale diameter), Z 4 consisting of 20 – 30 dark brown blotches, individuals larger than 65 mm SL with 3 – 4 rows of dark spots on dorsal and caudal fins. Meristic characters: D: II 6, A: II 5, P: 7 – 8, V: 5 – 6, Z 4: 14 – 25, TV: 39 – 40. Distribution: Caspian and Namak basins (Fig. 286). In the Caspian Sea basin found in several stream and rivers from southeast and south-central and in Namak basin reported from Karaj River (Eagderi et al. 2017 b). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Cobitis faridpaki is a widespread species with no known major threat across its distribution range. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D79CADFC5357CD26C0FC77.taxon	description	Acanthopsis linea Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 267; Type locality: Creeks at Persepolis, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 48560 or 48450 (7). Common name: Pr: Roftegar mahi Line, En: Line’s spined loach, Kor spined loach. Diagnosis: Reduced blotch on Z 4, males with two Canestrini’s scales at the upper bases of the unbranched and first branched pectoral fin rays, suborbital spine is reduced or absent and 14 branched caudal fin rays. Meristic characters: D: II 6 – 7, A: II – III 5 – 6, P: 7 – 9, V: 5 – 6, Z 4: merged blotches forming a dark-black stripe, TV: 41. Distribution: Kor basins (Fig. 288). Reported from Ghadamgah and Beyza springs, but now only found in low number in Beyza spring. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 2 b (i, ii, iii, iv) c (i, ii). Now C. linea has a highly restricted range being limited to a single spring (extent of occurrence (EOO) <100 km 2, and area of occupancy (AOO) <10 km 2). A variety of threats affects this species, such as water extraction for agricultural and human consumption, domestic and agricultural pollution, severe drought, an intensive aquaculture industry which added a high nutrient load, the presence of seven non-native fish species (Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Carassius auratus, Pseudorasbora parva, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Gambusia holbrooki), and intensive aquaculture (Esmaeili et al. 2008). No conservation actions have been taken although a report on the unsuitable conditions of Ghadamgah spring-stream system was submitted to the Department of the Environment with recommendations for habitat protection (Esmaeili et al. 2008). High reduction in population size is observed in the recent years. Therefore, we classified it as Critically Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D79CADFC5357CD26C0FC77.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Roftegar mahi Caspian, En: Caspian spined loach. Diagnosis: A single lamina circularis on pectoral fin in males, a large and almost roundish or oval black spot on upper caudal fin base, Z 4 consisting of 13 – 23 dark brown large blotches larger than eye diameter subdorsal scales with a small focal zone. Meristic characters: D: II 5 – 7 (6), A: II 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 5 – 7, Z 4: 13 – 23, TV: 39 – 40. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 290). Found in several stream and rivers from Sefidrud to Aras Rivers in southwest and western Caspian Sea (Eagderi et al. 2017 c). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Populations of this species occur in high number and they are widespread with no known major threat across their distribution range. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D59CACFC8157AD27CBFD22.taxon	description	Cobitis aralensis Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 184; Type locality: Syr Darya River mouth, Kazakhstan; Amu Darya River mouth, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: (4 + 1) BMNH 1897.7.5.18 (1 on exchange); ZIN 10932 (1). Cobitis hohenackeri Kessler [K. F.] (ex Brandt) 1877: 177; Type locality: Kura River basin, Transcaucasia. Syntypes: (6) ZIN 2854 (5). Cobitis montana Vladykov [V. D.] 1925: 321; Type locality: Tisza River basin, Ukraine. Syntypes: CUP 41464 (1), 41465 (1); other syntypes at NMP. Cobitis aurata radnensis [P. M.], Müller [G.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 1960: 124; Type locality: Upper rivers Mures and Tirnava, Romania. [Comunicari de Zoologie / Societatea se Stiinte Naturale si Geografie din Republica Populara Romina. Cobitis aurata bosniaca Karaman [M. S.] 1963: 629; Type locality: Creeks Saturlija and Siroka Rijeka near Banja Luka, Vrba River basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina. Syntypes: MMNHS (144) apparently lost. Sabanejewia aurata thrakica Economidis [P. S.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 1996: 320; Type locality: River Evros catchment, tributary Erythropotamos, near Mikro Dereio village, Thrace, Greece. Holotype: MZUT 1986 – 54. Paratypes: ISBB 4581 (43); MZUT 1971 – 654 (1), 1986 – 39 (43). Common name: Pr: Roftegar mahi talayi, En: Golden spined loach. Diagnosis: 12 caudal fin rays, large dark spots along the flank and above them speckles which do not tend to form a stripe and golden color in flanks. Meristic characters: D: II – III 5 – 8 (6), A: II – III 4 – 8 (5), P: 5 – 9 (7), V: 4 – 8 (5), TV: 39 – 43. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 292). Found in Balekhlo and Qarasu rivers. Records of this species from Hari basin presumably is an error. Taxonomy: Esmaeili et al. (2010) placed it in Sabanejewia. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 ad).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2D49C93FF4B54AD26C1FE02.taxon	description	Sea at Lenkoran, Azerbaidjan. No types known. Common name: Roftegar mahi Caspian, Roftegar mahi Khazari, En: Caspian spined loach. Diagnosis: 12 branched caudal fin rays, no large dark spots along the flank but an irregular stripe, and above this stripe speckles which do not tend to form a stripe. Meristic characters: D: II – III 6 – 7 (6), A: I – II 5 – 6, P: 6 – 7, V: 4 – 6, TV: 41 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 293). Few specimens of this species were found only in Anzali Wetland. Records from other localities in southern Caspian Sea (i. e., Babolrud, Tajan, etc.) are misidentifications of C. saniae or C. faridpaki. Taxonomy: Vasil’eva in Reshetnikov (1998) placed in Sabanejewia. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. The distribution and population size of this species is unknown and we consider the few observations and poor quality reports of this species are not enough for an objective assessment. Therefore, we classified it as Data Deficient.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2EB9C93FE9157CC2339FE02.taxon	description	Esmaeili et al. (2017 2018) reported Oxynoemacheilus argyrogramma and O. frenatus (based on preserved specimens in IMNRF-UT) from Tigris basin. Abdoli (2016) reported O. araxsensis, O. argyrogramma, and O. frenatus from Iran by providing photos. From these, O. araxsensis is endemic to the uppermost Euphrates drainage and never found in Iran (see Freyhof 2016 a). Published photos in Abdoli (2016) belong to O. brandtii (see page 155). Also to date O. argyrogramma has not been confirmed from Iran. Abdoli (2016) used O. karunensis photos once as O. frenatus and again as O. argyrogramma (see Abdoli 2016, pages: 156, 158). We checked O. frenatus specimens preserved in IMNRF-UT, theses specimens correspond to O. hanae (sampled from Goleyn River, Tigris basin, 34 ° 16 ' 09 " N, 45 ° 56 ' 29 " E). In Keivany et al. (2016), page 120, a picture of Turcinoemacheilus hafezi is shown as O. tigris. In this work O. angorae (Steindachner 1897) is reported from Caspian, Urmia and Namak basins. This species is distributed in Turkey: western and central Anatolian Black Sea basin (Freyhof 2016 a, Eschmeyer et al. 2018). In meristic characters simple rays of dorsal and anal fins for this family are not counted as they are deeply embedded.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2EB9C92FCBB546D25ACFEE2.taxon	description	Noemacheilus smithi Greenwood [P. H.] 1976: 130; Type locality: A natural well at Kaaje-Ru, 33 ° 05 ' N, 48 ° 36 ' E, near Baq-e-Loveh Oasis, Zagros Mountains, Iran. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1976.6. 28.1. Common name: Mahi kor-e Zagros, Loche kor-e Zagros, En: Zagros blind crested loach. Diagnosis: Lacking eyes and pigmentation, reduced set or no head canals, a narrow keel above caudal peduncle. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 10, V: 5, LL: incomplete, SC: naked, DP: -, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 295). Only reported from Loen cave in Lorestan province. Taxonomy: Coad (1991) placed in Nemacheilus, Nalbant and Bianco (1998) in Paracobitis but Segherloo et al. (2016) based on molecular evidence placed it in Eidinemacheilus. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable D 2 ver 2.3 (World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996 a), PC: Least Concern. See G. lorestanensis for justicication.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2EA9C92FF50578D24ACFCC1.taxon	description	Nemachilus bergianus Derjavin [A. N.] 1934: 109; Type locality: Kisum village, Shah-rud River, Safid Rud basin, Iran. Holotype (unique): ZIN 25433. Barbatula erdali Erk’akan [F.], Nalbant [T. T.] & Özeren [S. C.] 2007: 78; Type locality: v. 2 (no. 1); ref. 29026] Murat River-Agri, 39 ° 40 ' N, 43 ° 44 ' E, Turkey. Holotype: HUIC F 12. Paratypes: HUIC F 12 (7). Common name: Loch mahi Sefidrud, Sag mahi Sefidrud, En: Sefidrud stone loach. Diagnosis: Truncate or slightly emarginate caudal fin with rounded lobes, thin caudal peduncle, and flank with several irregular black or dark brown blotches. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 9, A: 5, P: 8 – 11, V: 6 – 8, LL: complete, SC: flank with minute scale, and flank with well-developed scale, DP: present, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Caspian Sea, Urmia Lake and Namak basins (Fig. 299). Found in Balekhlo, Qarasu, Aras, Kalibar, Ala joje, Ghale chay, Barandoz, Beytas, Kotar, Gedar chay, Zarineh, Ghara chay, Mazlagha, Kordan and Jajurud Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Nemacheilus (as Nemachilus), Nalbant and Bianco (1998) in Orthrias but Esmaeili et al. (2010) transferred to Oxynoemacheilus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 y).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E99C91FF19568C2488FD01.taxon	description	Nemachilus brandtii Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 174; Type locality: Upper Kura River at Tbilis, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (5) BMNH 1897.7.5.39 [ex ZIN] (1) Tiflis, ZIN 2923 (4, lost in 1924). Nemacheilus brandtii gibbusnazus Elanidze [R. F.] 1983; Type locality: Upper reaches of Alazani River at Alvani Village, Left bank tributary of Kura River basin, Georgia [Eurasia]. Common name: Loch mahi Kora, En: Kura loach. Diagnosis: Forked caudal fin with pointed lobes, thin caudal peduncle a banded colour pattern on flanks. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 9, A: 5, P: 9 – 12, V: 6 – 8, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: weak and small, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake basins (Fig. 301). Found in Balekhlo, Qarasu, Aras, Kalibar, Ala Joje, Ghale chay, Barandoz, Beytas, Kotar, Gedar chay and Zarineh rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Nemacheilus (as Nemachilus), Bǎnǎrescu et al. (1978) in Orthrias, Erk’akan et al. (2007) in Barbatula, finally Ninua and Japzzoshvili (2008) placed in Oxynoemacheilus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 z).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E89C90FF77568C232CFDE2.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus chomanicus Kamangar [B. B.], Prokofiev [A. M.], Ghaderi [E.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 2014: 46; Type locality: Baneh River, (Korhe-Pazi sta. 8), Baneh, Kurdistan, Iran, 36 ° 01 ' 03 " N, 45 ° 55 ' 20 " E. Holotype: FCFUK 176. Paratypes: FCFUK 177 – 209 (33), ZMUU 23066 (4). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Choman, Sagmahi-e Choman En: Choman stone loach. Diagnosis: Similar to O. zagrosesis, but body slenderer. Body without a hump, regular transverse bands on body, larger posterior air-bladder capsule, weakly emarginated caudal fin. Meristic characters: D: 6 – 8, A: 4 – 5, P: 9 – 11, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: moderately, PA: absent, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 303). Found in Choman River system. Taxonomy: May be synonym of O. zagrosensis. It seems this difference between them is a normal variation of morphological characters, in addition genetic difference among them is low. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. In addition to Iran and Iraq, it is probably present in Turkey too. Not enough information is available about its population sizes and distribution range. Therefore, we could not objectively assess its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E89C97FC9354ED220CFEE1.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus elsae Eagderi [S.], Jalili [P.] & Çiçek [E.] 2018: 454; Type locality: River, near Shahin-Dej city, Lake Urmia basin, west Azerbaijan Province, Iran, 36 ° 37 ' 40 " N, 46 ° 43 ' 30 " E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT – 1404 - H. Paratypes: IMNRF-UT. Common name: Pr: Loch-e Oromiye, Sagmahi-e Oromiye, En: Urmia loach. Diagnosis: A complete lateral line, wide caudal peduncle, 3 central and 4 lateral pores in the supratemporal canal, a thick lower lip with a deep median interruption, flank with elliptical pale brown blotches on the lateral line sometimes fused to posterior saddles or plain brawn with mottled pattern. Meristic characters: D: 8, A: 5, P: 9 – 11, V: 8, TV:?, LL: approximately complete (not reaching to caudal fin origin), SC: whole body, DP: present, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 305). Found in Zarineh, Simineh, Sofi and Mahabad Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread with no known major threat across their distribution range.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2EC9C9BFF1E57CD2533FE02.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus gyndes Freyhof [J.] & Abdullah [Y. S.] 2017: 74; Type locality: Stream Zalm south of Taparezina, Iraq, 35 ° 18 ' 23 " N, 45 ° 58 ' 14 " E. Holotype: ZFMK 103019. Paratypes: FSJF 3360 (23), 3361 (10). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Sirvan, Sagmahi-e Sirvan, En: Sirvan loach. Diagnosis: Very short lateral line, reaching slightly behind the pectoral fin base, not reaching the vertical through the dorsal fin origin, lacking a suborbital groove in males. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 9, A: 5, P: 10 – 12, V: 6 – 7, LL: incomplete, reaching slightly behind pectoral fin base, SC: naked except end of caudal peduncle, DP: present, PA: absent, SOG: absent. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 309). Found in Leyleh and Sirvan Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. It is probably also distributed in Turkey apart from Iran and Iraq. The available information about population sizes and distribution ranges is very scarce. Therefore, we could not objectively assess the conservation status of this species.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E39C9BFF7057CD22BCFD42.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus hanae Freyhof [J.] & Abdullah [Y. S.] 2017: 79; Type locality: Stream Zalm south of Taparezina, Iraq, 35 ° 18 ' 23 " N, 45 ° 58 ' 14 " E. Holotype: ZFMK 103020. Paratypes: FSJF 3359 (22), 3341 (63). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Alvand, Sagmahi-e Alvand, En: Alvand loach, Hana loach. Diagnosis: Having a suborbital groove in males, a deeply emarginated caudal fin, no or a very short incision in the upper lip, a series of dark brown roundish or ovoid blotches along the midlateral flank. Meristic characters: D: 8, A: 5, P: 10 – 11, V: 8, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: narrow and blunt, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 311). Found in Alvand and Goleyn Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species may be also present in Turkey apart from Iraq and Iran and very little is known about its population sizes and distribution range. Therefore, we could not objectively asses its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E29C9AFF4A568C2377FDE2.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus karunensis Freyhof [J.] 2016: 94; Type locality: Gamasiab River at Do Ab, Hamadan province, Iran, 34 ° 22 ' 20.76 " N, 47 ° 55 ' 00.1 " E. Holotype: ZFMK-ICH 102205. Paratypes: FSJF 3525 (8), 3523 (6), 3524 (7), 3526 (2), SMFIR 7 (3). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Karon, Sagmahi-e Karon, En: Karon loach. Diagnosis: Two bold, black, round or comma-shaped black spots on the caudal fin base, slender caudal peduncle (depth 7 – 9 % SL), having no or only a very short incision in the upper lip (0 – 10 % of upper lipwidth), pelvic axillary lobe fully attached to the body, minute dark-brown spots on the back, the flank above the lateral midline and the caudal peduncle. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 10, A: 5 – 6, P: 8 – 10, V: 6, LL: complete, SC: whole body except neck, DP: narrow and pointed, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 313). Gamasiab, Qarasu and Dinevar rivers. Freyhof (2016 a) reported this species from Karon and Jarahi river system but we never caught it from here. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least concern. This species occurs in high population sizes and in numerous localities. No widespread threat is known to affect this species.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E09C98FF7E57CD24A3FD61.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus kurdistanicus Kamangar [B. B.], Prokofiev [A. M.], Ghaderi [E.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 2014: 38; Type locality: Choman River (Tajaban, sta. 6) Baneh, Kurdistan, Iran, 35 ° 56 ' 53 " N, 45 ° 41 ' 40 " E. Holotype: FCFUK 146. Paratypes: FCFUK 146 – 170 (35), ZMUU 23084 (4). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Kurdistan, Sagmahi-e Kurdistan, En: Kurdistan loach. Diagnosis: Usually 9 branched rays in the dorsal fin, very slender and compressed caudal peduncle, complete body lateral line and with transversely banded pattern. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 9, A: 4 – 5, P: 9 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: moderately developed, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 317). Found in Choman, Sirvan, Little zab and Gavehrud Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species has a relatively large distribution range and there is no known widespread threat affecting its populations. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E79C9FFED5568C249CFE21.taxon	description	Nemacheilus angorae lenkoranensis Abdurakhmanov [Y. A.] 1962: 285; Type locality: Lenkoran, Azerbaijan. No types known. Nemacheilus angorae alasanicus Elanidze [R. F.] 1983; Type locality: Upper reaches of Alazani River at Alvani village, left bank tributary of the Kura River, Georgia (Eurasia). No types known. Common name: Pr: Loch-e Lankaran, Sagmahi-e lankaran, En: Lenkoran loach. Diagnosis: Deeply emarginated or forked caudal fin, pointed snout, greenish body often without any distinctive pattern and thin caudal peduncle. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 9, A: 5 – 6, P: 8 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: whole body except neck, DP: present, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 319). Found in Aras River drainage. Taxonomy: Coad (1995) and Prokofiev (2009) placed O. angorae as subspecies but Golzarianpour et al. (2011) give it full rank species. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (Freyhof 2014 aa).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E79C9EFCA357AD24A3FE41.taxon	description	Ilamnemacheilus longipinnis Coad [B. W.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 2005: 304; Type locality: Meymeh River (formerly tributary of Tigris River), Tigris-Euphrates drainage, 17 km west of Dehloran City, about 21 km east of Iraqi border, 32 ° 45 ' 30 " N, 47 ° 05 ' 30 " E, Iran. Holotype (unique): CMNFI 1979 – 0366 (ex NMC 79 – 966). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Ilam, Sagmahi-e Ilam, En: Ilam loach. Diagnosis: Body deep and compressed laterally, a suborbital groove in males, 8 branched dorsal fin rays, pale body pattern, very small or absent median incision in upper lip, deeply emarginated to forked caudal fin, short and oval shaped swim bladder capsules connected by a wide manubrium, and no tubercles on the suborbital groove or pectoral fin rays in males. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 9 (8), A: 4 – 5, P: 9 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: narrow and pointed, PA: absent, SOG: weakly expressed to absent. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 321). Found in Meymeh, Doiraj, Changooleh Rivers and maybe found in Kangir River (Sayyadzadeh et al. 2017). Esmaeili et al. (2017 2018) regarding O. longipinnis as Iranian endemic but it found in several Rivers which shared between Iran and Iraq, so we cannot include this spices as endemic. Taxonomy: Freyhof et al. (2016) using molecular markers placed it in Oxynoemacheilus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. O. longipinnis has a relatively large distribution range, occurs in numerous population size, and there is no known widespread threat affecting its populations. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E69C9DFC8F578D239BFEA1.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus parvinae Sayyadzadeh [G.], Eagderi [S.] & Esmaeili [H. R.] 2016: 238; Type locality: Javanrud city, at Sharvineh village, Leilehrud (Leileh River), a tributary of Sirvan River drainage, Tigris basin, Kermanshah Province, Iran, 34 ° 49 ' 37.9 " N, 46 ° 21 ' 30.0 " E. Holotype: ZM-CBSU H 1987. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU H 1973 (14). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Parvin, Sagmahi-e Parvin, En: Parvin loach. Diagnosis: A suborbital groove in males and elongated body. 8 – 9 branched dorsal fin rays, large to medium dark brown spots especially on the postdorsal part, emarginated caudal fin, angular shape of bony capsule of swim bladder with developed posterior process, longer head and shallower body. Meristic characters: D: 8 – 9, A: 4 – 5, P: 10 – 11, V: 7 – 8, LL: complete, SC: whole body except predorsal region between head and dorsal fin, DP: narrow and pointed, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 323). Found in Leyleh and Sirvan Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. O. parvinae occurs in high number in a large distribution range in numerous independent populations. No widespread threat seems to affect this species. Thus, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2E59C9CFCA0572D26D5FDE1.taxon	description	Cobitis persa Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 266; Type locality: Springs at Persepolis, Fars Province, Iran. Holotype (unique): NMW 48567. Orthrias farsicus Nalbant [T. T.] & Bianco [P. G.] 1998: 111; Type locality: River Kor near Persepolis, Iran. Holotype: IZA 7823. Paratypes: ISBB 3442 (7), 3446 (7), 3451 (7); IZA 7824 – 26 (64, 61, 31), 7845 (7). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Parsi, Sagmahi-e Parsi, En: Persian loach. Diagnosis: Long pectoral fins, short and deep caudal peduncle, lower lip median incision lacks mental lobes, slightly emarginate to forked caudal fin. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 9, A: 4 – 5, P: 8 – 12, V: 6 – 8, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: well-developed, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Kor, Persis and Lake Maharlu basins (Fig. 325). Reported from Kor and Pulvar river. Taxonomy: Coad (1996) placed in Nemacheilus, Nalbant and Bianco (1998) in Orthrias and finally Prokofiev (2009) placed in Oxynoemacheilus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. A widespread species which occurs in high number and it seems to not be threatened by any major threat across its distribution range.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2FB9C82FF65574D2512FE81.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus veyseli Çiçek [E.], Eagderi [S.] & Sungur [S.] 2018: 233; Type locality: BozkuŞ River, a tributary of the Aras River at Kars, Kars Province, Turkey, 40 ° 37 ' 03.7 " N, 42 ° 47 ' 04.9 " E. Holotype: NHVUIC 14005 - H. Paratypes: NHVUIC (14). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Aras, Sagmahi-e Aras En: Aras stone loach. Diagnosis: Flank with a set of dark or brown blotches in mid-lateral elongated, back with 3 – 4 separated dark brown roundish to elongated blotches a deep and obivious suborbital groove in males, usually 3 – 4 lateral and 3 central opening in supratemporal canal, body and caudal peduncle are deep (17.3 – 19.4 and 10 – 11 % SL, respectively) and caudal fin slightly emarginated. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 8 (8), A: 5, P: 10 – 12, V: 7 – 8, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: moderately, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 329). Found in Aras river system. Taxonomy: We changed veyseli to veyselorum because this species named after father and son Veysel, so according to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) correct name is veyselorum. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread with no known major threat across its distribution range.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2FA9C81FF74574D26C0FD81.taxon	description	Oxynoemacheilus zagrosensis Kamangar [B. B.], Prokofiev [A. M.], Ghaderi [E.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 2014: 43; Type locality: Shooei River (Jemli, sta. 9), Baneh, Kurdistan, Iran, 35 ° 58 ' 01 " N, 45 ° 42 ' 43 " E. Holotype: FCFUK 101. Paratypes: FCFUK 136 – 136 (31), ZMUU 23085 (4). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Zagros, Sagmahi-e Zagros or kor, En: Zagros loach. Diagnosis: Usually 8 branched dorsal fin rays, complete lateral-line, feebly developed adipose crests on the caudal peduncle, bony air-bladder capsule having moderately small and laterally directed posterior processes, a robust, deep and humped body and a reticulated colour pattern confluent to the wavy transverse bands, most distinctively developed posteriorly. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 8, A: 4 – 6, P: 10 – 11, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: whole body except caudal peduncle, DP: moderately developed, PA: absent, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 331). Found in Choman and Little Zab River system. Esmaeili et al. (2017 2018) consider O. zagrosensis as an Iranian endemic species. As this species is widespread in the little Zab River, which flows in both Iran and Iraq, we consider it as native in Iran and not endemic. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species occurs in high number, in a large distribution range, in numerous independent populations and no widespread threat seems to affect it. Thus, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2F99C87FF19540D263CFE61.taxon	description	Paracobitis abrishamchiani Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.], Geiger [M. F.] & Freyhof [J.] 2019: 377; Type locality: Tributary of Babol River, upstream of Lafour reservoir, near Galeshkola, Mazandaran province, Iran, 36 ° 12 ' 33 " N, 52 ° 46 ' 16 " E. Holotype: VMFC PCAB-H. Paratypes: VMFC PCAB – P 1 (5), VMFC PCAB – P 2 (16), VMFC PCAB – P 3 (7). Common name: Pr: Loch-e tajdar-e Abrishamchi, Sagmahi-ye tajdar-e Abrishamchi, En: Abrishamchi crested loach. Diagnosis: Embedded scales on the flank posterior to the dorsal-fin origin, a roundish posterior narial opening, and a colour pattern consisting of many widely spaced brown spots and blotches. Meristic characters: D: 6 – 7, A: 5, P: 8 – 10 (9 – 10), V: 7 – 8 (7), LL: complete, SC: flank posterior to the dorsal-fin origin, DP: large and blunt, PA: absent, SOG: absent. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 333). Found in Tajan, Siahrud, Talar, Babol, Haraz and Kashpal Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species has a relatively large distribution range, occurs in high population size, and there is no known widespread threat affecting its populations. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern. Paracobitis atrakensis Esmaeili, Mousavi-Sabet, Sayyadzadeh, Vatandoust and Freyhof, 2014 – Native (Fig. 334) Paracobitis atrakensis Esmaeili [H. R.], Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Sayyadzadeh [G.], Vatandoust [S.] & Freyhof [J.] 2014: 238; Type locality: Atrak and Bidvaz River, northeastern Iran. Holotype: ZM-CBSU J 2704, Paratypes: ZM-CBSU J 2705 (1), J 3246 (4), VMFC 1311 (1), 13122 (22). Common name: Pr: Loch-e tajdar-e Atrak, Sagmahi-ye tajdar-e Atrak, En: Atrak crested loach. Diagnosis: No scales on the body, but isolated scales are present on the dorsal adipose crest in a few of the individuals, caudal fin truncate or slightly emarginate, dark brown colour pattern, roundish posterior nasal opening. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 9 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: naked, DP: large and blunt, PA: absent, SOG: absent. Distribution: Caspian and Kavir basins (Fig. 335). Found in Atrak, Baba Aman and Bidvaz Rivers. Esmaeili et al. (2017 2018) consider P. atrakensis as endemic in Iran, but it is widespread in the Atrak River meaning that it occurs in both Iran and Turkmenistan. Therefore, we cannot consider this species as endemic. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widespread and no widespread threat is known to affect its populations across their distribution range. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2FE9C85FCF1542C24BAFE02.taxon	description	(Fig. 340) Cobitis longicauda Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 65 [21]; Type locality: Ak- Darya River, Uzbekistan. Holotype (unique): ZISP 2628. Common name: Pr: Loch-e tajdar-e sharghi, Sagmahi-e tajdar-e sharghi, En: Eastern crested loach. Diagnosis: Large size of the body, fully covered by scales body, irregularly set blotches on the flank behind dorsal fin base and the posterior nares opening is slit-shaped. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 8, A: 5, P: 9 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: whole body, DP: large and blunt, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Hari and maybe Bejestan basins (Fig. 341). Found in Kalat and Hari Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed longicauda in Nemacheilus malapterurus as subspecies, Coad (1998) regard as valid species and placed in Nemacheilus but Bănărescu and Nalbant (1995) transferred to Paracobitis. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. In addition to Iran and Turkmenistan, this species may occur also in Afghanistan. There is not enough information about its distribution range or population size to accurately assess its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2FD9C84FC8857CC24DDFE01.taxon	description	Cobitis malapterura Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846: 88; Type locality: “ Sent from Syria ” [Iran]. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3962 (1), B – 3070 [ex MNHN 0000 – 3962] (1). Paracobitis iranica Nalbant [T. T.] & Bianco [P. G.] 1998: 114; Type locality: River Qom near the town of Qom, Iran. Holotype: IZA 7831. Paratypes: ISBB uncat. (4), IZA 7832 (5). Common name: Pr: Loch-e tajdar-e Namak, Sagmahi-e tajdar-e Namak, En: Namak Lake crested loach. Diagnosis: The flank behind the dorsal fin origin or slightly anterior the dorsal fin base is covered by scales, while anterior flank is naked, moderately to slightly emirginate caudal fin and a roundish posterior nasal opening. Meristic characters: D: 6 – 8, A: 5, P: 10 – 12, V: 5 – 7, LL: complete, SC: scattered on the posterior body, DP: well-developed and fits in a lower jaw groove, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Namak and Kavir basins (Fig. 343). Found in Karaj, Namrud Ghara chay, Jajurud and Qumrud Rivers. Taxonomy: Bănărescu and Nalbant (1995) placed in Paracobitis. According to Freyhof et al. (2014) Karaj River, close to Tehran, Iran, is the true type locality. Paracobitis iranica Nalbant and Bianco (1998) is a synonym. C o n s e r v a t i o n: I U C N: N o t E v a l u a t e d, P C: Least Concern. Populations of this species occur in high number and they are widespread all around its distribution range.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2F29C89FCE3568C2592FDA2.taxon	description	Nemachilus rhadinaeus Regan [C. T.] 1906: 8; Type locality: Helmand River basin, Seistan. Syntypes: BMNH 1905.11.29.28 – 29 (2); ZSI F 1240 / 1 (1). Nemachilus macmahoni Chaudhuri [B. L.] 1910: 341; Type locality: Affluents of Helmand River, Iran. Holotype: ZSI F 1221 / 1 [or 1222 / 1]. Possible types: ZIN 24413 [ex ZSI] (1). Common name: Pr: Loch-e tajdar-e Sistan, Sagmahi-e tajdar-e Sistan, En: Sistan crested loach. Diagnosis: Body fully covered by scales, the colour pattern consist of a midlateral row of irregularly set and shaped large dark brown blotches on flank posterior to dorsal fin base, the caudal fin is slightly emarginate or truncate and the posterior nare opening is slit shaped. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5 – 6, P: 11, V: 7 – 9, LL: almost complete, SC: whole body, DP: large and blunt, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Sistan basin (Fig. 349). Found in Hirmand River and Chah nime Lakes. Taxonomy: Bănărescu and Nalbant (1995) placed in Paracobitis. C o n s e r v a t i o n: I U C N: N o t E v a l u a t e d, P C: Data Deficient. This species is distributed in Iran and Afghanistan but there are very few studies on it and practically no information on its distribution or population size. Hence, this species lacks suficient information for use to accurately assess its status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2F79C8EFF7054EC27F1FDE2.taxon	description	Schistura alta Nalbant [T. T.] & Bianco [P. G.] 1998: 118; Type locality: Helmand River drainage, northeast of Girisk, Kajkai, Afghanistan. Holotype: ZMC P 27115. Paratypes: ISBB uncat. (1), ZMC P 27116 (1). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Hirmand, Sagmahi-e Hirmand, En: Helmand loach. Diagnosis: Medium sized, slender body with large and depressed head, caudal peduncle compressed laterally and short, 1.1 – 2.5 (mean 1.1) times longer than deep, shallow dorsal adipose keel on caudal peduncle, without procurrent rays, caudal fin forked with pointed lobe. Usually upper lob longer than lower lobe. Small, rounded, deeply embedded scales on caudal peduncle and flanks. Lateral line incomplete, reaching to dorsal fin origin and long Barbels. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 8, A: 5, P: 6 – 7 (7), V: 6 – 7, LL: Lateral line incomplete, reaching to dorsal fin origin, SC: caudal peduncle and flanks, DP: absent, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Sistan basin (Fig. 355). Found in Hirmand River and Chah nime Lakes (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015 a). Taxonomy: Freyhof et al. (2015) placed in Paraschistura. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. It is distributed in Iran and Afghanistan but there is very few known on its distribution range, population size and conservation status. Therefore, there is not enough information to accurately assess this species.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2F59C8CFF66540C26C0FD01.taxon	description	Nemacheilus bampurensis Nikolskii [A. M.] 1900: 414 [40]; Type locality: Kjagur and Kashin [Kaekin] rivers, Bampur River near Bazman, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 11698 – 99 (6 +, 4). Nemachilus baluchiorum Zugmayer [E.] 1912: 599; Type locality: Panjgur, Baluchistan, Pakistan. Syntypes: (13) NMW 19851 (1), ZSM [old collection] (12) lost in WWII. Common name: Pr: Loch-e Bampur, Sagmahi-e Bampur, En: Bampur loach. Diagnosis: Flank and back covered by scales, presence of a suborbital flap in males, absence of a dorsal adipose crest and procurrent caudal fin rays on the caudal peduncle, lateral line incomplete and usually reaching beyond dorsal fin base but in some individual reach beyond anal fin origin, caudal fin forked or deeply emarginate, black spot at the base of first dorsal fin rays bold. Meristic characters: D: 6 – 7, A: 4 – 5, P: 8 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: Lateral line incomplete, ending in front of the dorsal fin level, SC: anterior third to a quarter of the body is scaleless, DP: present, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Mashkid, Makran and Hamun-e Jaz Murian basins (Fig. 359). Found in Karvander, Sarbaz, Delfart, Kormadkor, Kajou, Irandegan and Saravan rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1991) placed in Nemacheilus, Nalbant and Bianco (1998) in Schistura and Prokofiev (2009) transferred to Paraschistura. C o n s e r v a t i o n: I U C N: N o t E v a l u a t e d, P C: Least Concern. This species is widespread across its distribution range with high population size. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2F49CF3FF7C54CC263CFDE1.taxon	description	Nemacheilus cristatus Berg [L. S.] 1898: 19; Type locality: Tedzhen River near Ashgabat [Askhabad], Turkmenistan. Syntypes: (many) ISBR 996 (2), ZIN 11055 (1), ZMMU P – 2555 (59). Common name: Pr: Loch-e tajdare Torkaman, Sagmahi-e tajdare Torkaman, En: Torkaman crested loach. Diagnosis: Prominent dorsal adipose crest supported by 22 – 25 procurrent rays of the caudal fin, a complete lateral line, the large size of adults, 9 – 13 brown bars usually faded or absent on side of the body in front of dorsal fin origin, regularly shaped and wider than interspaces or separated into blotches and irregularly shaped bars, lack of suborbital groove or flap in males. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 5, A: 5, P: 9 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, SC: scales present at least on caudal peduncle, DP: weakly developed, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Hari, Kavir and Bejestan basins (Fig. 362). Found in Kalat, Hari, Akhlamad and Nobarhar rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Nemacheilus, Bănărescu and Nalbant (1995) in Schistura, Prokofiev (2009) in Metaschistura and Freyhof et al. (2015) in Paraschistura. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. It is a widespread species which occurs in high numbers in numerous localities across its whole distribution range. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE28B9CF1FF0D54EC2424FE22.taxon	description	(Fig. 363) Paraschistura delvarii Mousavi-Sabet [H.] & Eagderi [S.] 2015: 299; Type locality: Upstream of Mond River, Persian Gulf basin, Fars province, Iran, 29 ° 40 ' 22 " N, 52 ° 08 ' 57 " E. Holotype: VMFC PSDI-H. Paratypes: GUIC PSD 1 P 6 – 7 (2), VMFC PSD 1 P 1 – 5 (5). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Delvar, Sagmahi-e Delvar, En: Delvari’s loach, Mond loach. Diagnosis: Colour pattern consisting of marbled colour pattern without distinct bars on the flank, shallow and elongated body. lateral line incomplete and extending to the dorsal fin base, a black and obvious spot at base of dorsal fin rays, body with scattered scale, short and stout snout, and a suborbital groove or flap in males. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 8 – 9, V: 7, LL: incomplete, extending to the dorsal fin base, SC: scattered along body, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Persis basin (Fig. 364). Found in Qara Aqaj and Mond Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Vulnerable B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). P. delvarii is known from some part of Qara Aqaj and Mond in Persis basin, where it affected highly by the recent year drought and the frequent water extraction for agricultural use. This species is believed to exist in more than five but less then 10 locations, based on the major threat of water extraction, and its AOO is estimated to be between 500 and 2,000 km 2. Therefore, we classified it as Vulnerable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2889CF7FF6B57EC26C0FDE1.taxon	description	Paraschistura ilamensis Vatandoust [S.] & Eagderi [S.] 2015: 178; Type locality: Ilam Province, Spring at Siahgav, Tigris River drainage, Iran, 33 ° 51 ' 54 " N, 47 ° 42 ' 02 " E. Holotype: VMFC PS 13 - H. Paratypes: VMFC PSI 3 - P (30). Paraschistura pasatigris Freyhof [J.], Sayyadzadeh [G.], Esmaeili [H. R.] & Geiger [M. F.] 2015: 37; Type locality: Khozestan Province, Bala River (Balarud), at Dezful, a tributary of Dez River, 32 ° 20 ' 14 " N, 48 ° 17 ' 14 " E, Iran. Holotype: ZM-CBSU J 3247. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU J 3248 (28). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Ilam, Sagmahi-e Ilam, En: Ilam loach. Diagnosis: Body depth, stout and covered by scale, caudal peduncle deep, 7 – 10 irregular and interrupted vertical pale brown bars on flanks and two obvious small black spots on the upper and lower caudal fin unbranched rays, caudal fin emarginated. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 8, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: reaching to about midway between pectoral fin origin and dorsal fin origin or to a point slightly behind dorsal fin origin, SC: just back and flank, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 368). Found in Cholvar, Siah Gav and Balarud rivers. Taxonomy: P. ilamensis and P. pasatigris actually are single species with two different names. P. ilamensis paper was published in May 2015 and P. pasatigris in June 2015, which makes P. pasatigris a junior synonym of P. ilamensis. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. While there are many threats in the distribution range of this species, it is suspected to be declining slowly and it still has many independent populations. Over the last 10 years, the number of independent populations and population sizes have stayed practically the same. We estimated that the decline is not strong enough to qualify this species for NT or another threatened category. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE28F9CF6FF0F54EC26EBFEE2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Loch-e Kerman, Sagmahi-e Kerman, En: Kerman loach. Diagnosis: Anterior part of the body without scales, caudal peduncle coverd by scales, and pelvic fin origin located equal or anterior to the dorsal fin origin. Meristic characters: D: 6 – 7, A: 5, P: 10 – 11, V: 7 – 8, LL: incomplete, reaching to dorsal-fin base or below dorsal-fin base and in some specimens rich to posterior part of dorsal fin, DP: weak, PA: fully attached to body or absent, SOG: present. Distribution: Kerman-Naein basin (Fig. 369). Found in Bidkhoon River. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species is recently described. The information available about its population is not enough for us to assess its conservation status. Therefore, we classified it as Data Deficient.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE28E9CF5FCEE568C2260FDE2.taxon	description	Nemacheilus sargadensis Nikolskii [A. M.] 1900: 415 [41]; Type locality: Sij-Rischan [Zia Rishan] near Kuh-i-Tuftan volcano, Sargado [Sarhad region], eastern Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 11700 (31). Noemacheilus lindbergi haarlovi Bănărescu [P. M.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 1966: 176; Type locality: Pirzada, west of Kandahar, Helmand drainage, Afghanistan. Holotype: ZMUC P 27111 [orig. 2811]. Paratypes: ZMUC P 27112 – 13 [orig. 2812 – 2813] (2). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Kessler, Sagmahi-e Kessler, En: Kessler loach. Diagnosis: Absence of scales, 10 – 12 distinct, regularly shaped and set dark brown bars on the flank, absence of a suborbital flap, a blunt snout, absence of a dorsal adipose crest and procurrent caudal fin rays in the adipose crest, and an incomplete lateral line. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 8 – 11, V: 7, LL: incomplete, not reaching mid-body, SC: naked, DP: well-developed, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: According to Freyhof et al. (2015) found in the Hamun-i-Lora and Hamun-e Mashkid basins in Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan (Fig. 370). Its presence in Iran needs confirmation. Taxonomy: Bănărescu and Nalbant (1995) placed in Schistura and Prokofiev (2009) transferred to Paraschistura. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, P: Data Deficient. We were unsuccessful in obtaining any sample from this species in our field works in its distribution range and there is very little known on its population size and distribution range in the other countries. Therefore, more information is needed to make a reliable conservation status assessment.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE28D9CF4FC8254EC232CFE02.taxon	description	Paraschistura makranensis Eagderi [S.], Mousavi-Sabet [H.] & Freyhof [J.] 2019: 261; Type locality: Jegin River at Jegin, Hormuzgan province, Iran, 26 ° 09 ' 43.1 " N, 57 ° 53 ' 30.0 " E. Holotype: IMNRF-UT- 1093 – 16. Paratypes: FSJF 3684 (2), IMNRF-UT 1093 (3), VMFC PM-P (14). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Makran, Sagmahi-e Makran, En: Makran loach. Diagnosis: Color of flanks plain brown or slightly mottled, head short and body very slender, lateral line completed and rich to the caudal fin base, scales just found on caudal peduncle, and males with a suborbital flap. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: complete, reaching to the caudal fin base, SC: caudal peduncle, DP: small and pointed, PA: absent, if present fully attached to body, SOG: present. Distribution: Makran basins (Fig. 372). Found in the upper Jegin River drainage. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. The recent description of this species does not provide enough information to objectively assess its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE28C9CFBFCF357CC24E3FDC2.taxon	description	Paraschistura naumanni Freyhof [J.], Sayyadzadeh [G.], Esmaeili [H. R.] & Geiger [M. F.] 2015: 32; Type locality: Fars Province, Golabi spring, about 35 km west of Darab, a tributary of Kol River, 28 ° 47 ' 15 " N, 54 ° 22 ' 19 " E, Iran. Holotype: ZM-CBSU J 2941. Paratypes: FSJF 2246 (50), 1791 (25), ZM-CBSU J 2942 (10), J 3283 (6). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Naumann, Sagmahi-e Naumann, En: Naumann loach. Diagnosis: Pelvic fin origin situated below or slightly in front of the vertical of the dorsal fin origin, body fully covered by scales, absence of a long dorsal adipose crest, an incomplete lateral line, absence of a suborbital flap and groove in males. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: incomplete, reaching to a point slightly in front of dorsal fin origin or below dorsal fin base, SC: just back and flank, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Lake Maharlu, Hormuz and Persis basins (Fig. 374). Found in Kol, Haji Abad and Mond Rivers as well as Golabi, Shidanak, Abanarak and Tezang springs. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Vulnerable B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). We estimated area of occupancy of this species less than 2,000 km 2, where it is restricted 10 separate locality and is suffering from an ongoing range reduction (due to the impact of the invasive species Oncorhynchus mykiss), a decline in habitat quality, mainly due to by domestic and agricultural pollution and water extraction, especially during the summer dry period and a decline in extent of occurrence and AOO. Therefore, we classified it as Vulnerable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2829CF9FF4852232522FEC2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Loch-e Shoshi, Sagmahi-e Shoshi, En: Susian loach, Susa loach. Diagnosis: An oval, blunt suborbital flap in males, and a deeper caudal peduncle slender caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle 1.4 – 1.6 times longer than deep), back and the flank fully covered by scales absence of along dorsal adipose crest. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: incomplete, reaching to about midway between pectoral fin origin and dorsal fin origin or to a point slightly behind dorsal fin origin, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: present. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 377). Found in Jarahi, Marun, Ab-e Ala and Zard Rivers also found in Shadegan Wetland. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). This species occurs generally in streams and small shallow rivers which are vulnerable to water extraction, droughts, and pollution which seems to affect highly its observed population size in our field works. We estimate distribution area of this species lee than EOO <20,000 km 2 and AOO <2,000 km 2 and is declining, but the population is not severely fragmented, and there are no extreme fluctuations in their habitat. Therefore, we classified it as Near Threatened B 2 ab (i, ii, iii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2819CF8FF6E570C2620FEE2.taxon	description	(Fig. 378) Nemachilus turcmenicus Berg [L. S.] 1932: 149; Type locality: Keltechinar River [Cherokh River] near Gyaurs (37 ° 47 ' N, 58 ° 44 ' E), Turkmenistan. Syntypes: ZIN 11064 (3). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Torkamani, Sagmahi-e Torkamani, En: Turkmen Loach. Diagnosis: Complete absence of scales, irregularly shaped and set bars on the flank, often dissociated into a marmorate pattern or a row of midlateral blotches and a row of saddles on the back, absence of a suborbital flap, a blunt snout, absence of a dorsal adipose crest and an incomplete lateral line and very slender body (body depth at dorsal fin origin 13 – 15 % SL). Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: incomplete, reaching to a point slightly in front of dorsal fin origin or below dorsal fin base, SC: naked, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Kavir, Hari and Bejestan basins (Fig. 379). Found in Kalat, Hari, Akhlamad and Nobarhar rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) synonymised with Nemacheilus sargadensis, Coad (1995) placed turcmenica in Nemacheilus sargadensis as subspecies and Freyhof et al. (2015) regard as full species and transferred to Paraschistura. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This widespread species occurs in high number in numerous localities across its distribution r a n g e a n d n o k n o w n t h r e a t s e e m s t o a ff e c t i t s populations.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2809CFFFF7F57EC25BBFE02.taxon	description	Nemacheilus kessleri turcomanus Nikolskii [G. V.] 1947: 32; Type locality: Kushka River near town of Kushka, Murgab River basin, Turkmenistan. Syntypes: ZMMU P – 5734 (3), P- 5735 (1). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Torkamani, Sagmahi-e Torkamani, En: Turkmen Loach. Diagnosis: Colour pattern consisting of vague dark brown spots on flank, tending posteriorly to form transverse bars in both small and large specimens in life and preserved, deeper body and caudal, 7 branched rays in dorsal fin, and incomplete lateral line. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 6 – 7, LL: incomplete, reaching to a point slightly in front of dorsal fin origin or below dorsal fin base, SC: naked, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Hari basin (Fig. 381). Found in Kalat, Hari, Akhlamad and Nobarhar Rivers. Taxonomy: Coad (1995) placed turcomana in Noemacheilus kessleri as subspecies, Kottelat (2012) regard as full species and transferred to Paraschistura. Freyhof et al. (2015) deduced that this species is a synonym of P. turcmenica but Mousavi-Sabet et al. (2015) rejected this decision. Morphological characters of this species, not diagnostic and most of them overlap with P. turcomanica so we suggest the validity of this species examined by molecular markers. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. It is distributed in Turkmenistan, Iran and probably in Afghanistan. The information concerning its distribution range and population size is incomplete, and therefore we did not make an assessment.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2879CFEFF62546D2623FDC2.taxon	description	Noemacheilus kermanshahensis Bănărescu [P. M.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 1966: 151; Type locality: Kermanshah in the drainage of the Karun River, tributary of lower Tigris, western Iran. Holotype: ZMUC P 2787. Paratypes: ZMUC P 2788 – 2794 (7). Common name: Pr: Loch-e Kermanshah, Sagmahi-e Kermanshah, En: Kermanshah Loach. Diagnosis: Body cylindrical and flank with a marbled or mottled patternmidlateral stripe, often limited to caudal peduncle, lower and upper part of posteriormost of caudal peduncle with a whitish or yellowish triangular shape and caudal fin slightly emarginated. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 8 – 10, V: 6 – 7, LL: incomplete, reaching to a point slightly in front of dorsal fin origin or below dorsal fin base, SC: only on the posterior part of the body, well-developed on the caudal peduncle, DP: small and pointed, PA: present, SOG: absent or very shallow. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 383). Found in Kashkan, Dinevar and Gamasiab Rivers. Taxonomy: Nalbant and Bianco (1998) placed in Orthrias and Prokofiev (2009) in Oxynoemacheilus, finally Freyhof et al. (2016) transferred it to Sasanidus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii). Populations of this species are found in low number in the Gamasiab, Dinevar, Bojin, Karkheh Rivers (less than five localities) which are highly affected by drought, pollution and water extraction for agricultural use. We estimate the total AOO of this species to be less than 500 km 2 with a severe decline in EOO. Therefore, we classified it as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2869CFEFF4754CD232CFD22.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Loch-e Pamir, Sagmahi-e Pamir, En: Tibetan stone loach. Diagnosis: Caudal peduncle elongate and rounded without adipose fin, depth of the caudal peduncle just behind the end of the anal fin is the same as the width, Scales are absent and the lateral line complete. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 8, A: 5, P: 8 – 12, V: 6 – 8, LL: complete, SC: naked, DP: absent, PA: absent, SOG: present. D i s t r i b u t i o n: S i s t a n b a s i n (F i g. 3 8 4). We personally have never found this species in the Sistan basin. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Nemacheilus but Menon (1987) transferred to Triplophysa. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. This species is distributed in other Asian countries in addition to Iran. There is no information available about its distribution and the conservation status in other countries. Therefore, we believe more data are needed to objectively assess this species conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2869CFDFC9154AD23A0FD82.taxon	description	Turcinoemacheilus bahaii Esmaeili [H. R.], Sayyadzadeh [G.], Özuluğ [M.], Geiger [M. F.] & Freyhof [J.] 2014: 259; Type locality: Esfahan province, Zayandeh River between Azadegan and Qalee Shahrokh, 32 ° 40 ' 54 " N, 50 ° 27 ' 47 " E, Iran. Holotype: ZM-CBSU 7193 B. Paratypes: FSJF 3449 (4), ZM-CBSU 7192 B (1), 7209 B (13). Common name: Pr: Loch-e kotolye Bahaii, Sagmahi-e kotolye Bahaii, En: Bahaii dwarf loach. Diagnosis: A dark brown blotch on each side of the anal fin base, it is the only species in which the anal fin origin is situated at a vertical of the tip of the dorsal fin when adpressed to the body more posterior position of the anus. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 8 – 10 (8), V: 6, LL: incomplete, not reaching to dorsal-fin origin, SC: naked, DP: small and blunt, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Esfahan basin (Fig. 386). Found in Khorbeh and Zayandehrud Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 1 b (i, ii) + 2 b (i, ii). This species is endemic to Esfahan basin where it is only known from Zayandehrud and Khorbeh River. In recent years due to the severe drought affecting the region, the Zayandehrud River is completely dry after the Chadegan dam. Even when the dam is open, the salinity of the water reaching the middle and downstream parts of the river is very high and impede this species to survive. Upper parts of the mentioned river are highly affected by the extraction of water for agricultural use and industrial contamination. However, future declines in population size are possible but uncertain. Also, The effects of drought on this species are not clear. Therefore, we classified it as Near Threatened B 1 b (i, ii) + 2 b (i, ii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2859CFCFCA5544C254FFCC1.taxon	description	Turcinoemacheilus hafezi Golzarianpour [K.], Abdoli [A.], Patimar [R.] & Freyhof [J.] 2013: 43; Type locality: Stream at Joneqon, tributary of Kohrang River, Iran, 32 ° 05 ' 22 " N, 50 ° 39 ' 48 " E. Holotype: ZFMK 48841. Paratypes: FSJF 1649 (10), ZFMK 48842 – 48848 (10). Common name: Pr: Loch-e kotolye Hafez, Sagmahi-e kotolye Hafez, En: Hafez dwarf loach. Diagnosis: Posterior position of the anus, which is closer to the anal fin origin than to the pelvic fin origin, a mottled color pattern or a prominent irregular dark brown or black midlateral stripe disconnected from blotches and saddles on back, caudal fin slightly emarginate and a completely scaleless body. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 8 – 9, V: 5, LL: incomplete, reaching anterior to or under dorsal fin base, SC: naked, DP: absent, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 388). Found in Beshar, Sezar, Marbor, Tang-e Tizab, Ab-e Kohrang and Shalamzar Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Numerous independent populations of this species are found in big number within the Tigris basin. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2849CE3FC9E568C225EFD61.taxon	description	Turcinoemacheilus kosswigi Bănărescu [P. M.] & Nalbant [T. T.] 1964: 178; Type locality: Tigris (Dicle Nehri basin), Turkey. Holotype: ZMH H 1884. Paratypes: ZMH H 1885 (6). Common name: Pr: Loch-e kotolye Zagros, Sagmahi-e kotolye Zagros, En: Zagroz dwarf loach, Kosswig’s loach. Diagnosis: Prominent row of dark brown blotches along lateral midline, usually fused into a lateral stripe, Standard length up to at least 53 mm, caudal peduncle depth 1.9 – 2.2 times in its length. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 5, P: 7 – 9, V: 5 – 7, LL: incomplete, ending before the dorsal fin origin, SC: naked, DP: small and blunt, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 390). Found in Sirvan, Gaveh Rud, and Leyleh Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 ah). Turcinoemacheilus saadii Esmaeili, Sayyadzadeh, Özulug, Geiger and Freyhof, 2014 – Endemic (Fig. 391) Turcinoemacheilus saadii Esmaeili [H. R.], Sayyadzadeh [G.], Özuluğ [M.], Geiger [M. F.] & Freyhof [J.] 2014: 268; Type locality: Fars province, stream Tang-e-Tizab, a tributary to Bashar River which drains to the Karoun, 30 ° 23 ' 12 " N, 51 ° 46 ' 50 " E, Iran. Holotype: ZM-CBSU 7169 B. Paratypes: ZB-CBSU 7265 B (1), 7166 b – 7175 B (9). Common name: Pr: Loch-e kotolye Saadi, Sagmahi-e kotolye Saadi, En: Saadi dwarf loach. Diagnosis: Color pattern organized in 7 – 9 distinct dark saddles never forming a lateral stripe, a deeply emarginated caudal fin and the distance from anus to anal-fin origin 0.4 – 0.5 times in the distance from pelvic fin to anal-fin origins. Meristic characters: D: 7, A: 4 – 5, P: 7 – 8, V: 5 – 6 (5), LL: incomplete, not reaching to dorsal-fin origin, SC: naked, DP: small and blunt, PA: present, SOG: absent. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 392). Found in Gamasiab, Dinevar and Beshar Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Populations of this species occur in big number in various independent localities across Tigris basin. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE29A9CE1FF7257CC262DFEA1.taxon	description	Silurus pelusius Solander [D. C.] in Russell 1794: 210; Type locality: Kowick River, Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: BMNH 1955.6.25.1 (1). Bagrus halepensis alenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840: 413; Type locality: Couiac River, Aleppo, Syria. No types known. Syntypes: BMNH 1955.6.25.1 (1). Macrones aleppensis Günther [A.] 1864: 75; Type locality: Coic River, Aleppo, Syria. Günther specimens: BMNH 1955.6.25.1 (1). Macrones colvillii Günther [A.] 1874: 36 [1]; Type locality: Tigris River at Baghdad, Iraq. Syntypes: BMNH 1874.4.28.6 – 8 (3), 1875.1.14.19 – 21 (3). Mystus misrai Anuradha [S.] 1986: 292; Type locality: Lake Antioche, Syria. Holotype: MHNG 603.95. Paratypes: MHNG 2231.84 (1), ZSI FF 2315 (1), missing specimen (1). Common name: Pr: Gorbe mahi, Gorbemahi Tajdar, En: Tigris mystus, Tigris catfish, Zugzug Catfish. Diagnosis: 4 pairs of barbels, a strong spine in both the dorsal and pectoral fins, elongate and strong adipose fin are distinctive, head tapers but is not as flattened as in Heteropneustes fossilis, and the mouth is subterminal. Meristic characters: D: I – II 7 – 8 (7), A: II 6 – 10, P: 7 – 9, V: 5 – 6 (5), GR: 12 – 18, TV: 42 – 45. Distribution: Tigris, Hormuz and presumably Persis basins (Fig. 395). Found in Seymareh, Alvand and Dez Rivers as well as Golabi spring. Taxonomy: Anuradha (1986) placed in Mystus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 x).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2999CE0FC53568C24C3FD81.taxon	description	Silurus glanis Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 304; Type locality: Orient, less frequently in European lakes. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.168 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin), NRM 59 (1). Silurus silurus Wulff [J. C.] 1765: 33; Type locality: Borussia [Prussia], Germany. No types known. Silurus glanis var. aralensis Kessler [K. F.] 1872: 48 [4]; Type locality: Amu-Darya, Syr-Darya, and Zeravshan rivers, central Asia. Syntypes: (3) ZIN 2071 (1) Khodzhent. Common name: Pr: Gorbe mahi, Esbele, En: Wels catfish. Diagnosis: Similar to S. triostegus but can be distinguish by having weaker and shorter teeth, the upper and lower jaws meet at an anterodorsal position (dorsal and superior position in S. triostegus), a less serrate pectoral fin spine posteriorly, and a darker color. Maxillary barbel length is much longer on average, although there is some overlap. Anterior mandibular barbels are always longer than posterior mandibular barbels. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 3 – 5 (4), A: II 81 – 92, P: 15 – 16, V: 11 – 12, GR: 12 – 18, TV: 72 – 74. Distribution: Caspian and Urmia Lake basin (Fig. 397). Found in Chamkhale, Siahdarvishan, Sefidrud, Zarinehrud and Aras Rivers as well as Anzali Wetland. It has also been reported from other southern and southeastern rivers of the Caspian Sea basin some years ago but nowadays it is only found in western and southwestern Caspian Sea Rivers. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 am).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE29F9CE6FCA8570D27F7FE21.taxon	description	Glyptosternum kurdistanicum Berg [L. S.] 1931: 1267; Type locality: Serdesht, at Little Zab (36 ° N), River Bané basin, Iran, elevation 1,500 m. Holotype (unique): ZIN 20780. Common name: Pr: Gorbe mahi Kurdistan, En: Kurdistan sucking catfish. Diagnosis: Large adhesive apparatus, which does not have pinnate lateral branches. Caudal peduncle is short (5.9 – 6.0 in standard length compared to 4.7 – 5.4 in G. silviae). Meristic characters: D: I 5 – 7, A: II 7 – 8, P: 7 – 9, V: 5 – 6, GR: 7 – 8, TV: 34 – 35. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 401). Found in Gamasiab, Beshar, Khersan, Kashkan, Sirvan and Bazoft Rivers. Taxonomy: Burgess (1989) placed in Glyptothorax. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (Freyhof 2014 o).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE29D9CE5FF1E568C24DAFD22.taxon	description	Silurus singio Hamilton [F.] 1822: 147, 374; Type locality: Ganges River, India. Syntypes: BMNH 1858.8.15.79 (1), 1858.8.15.89 – 90 (2),? 1858.8.15.133 (1). Silurus laticeps Swainson [W.] 1838: 345; Type locality: India. No types known. Silurus biserratus biserratus Swainson [W.] 1839: 306; Type locality: Ganges Basin, India. No types known. Saccobranchus microcephalus Günther [A.] 1864: 31; Type locality: Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1864.3. 18.1. Saccobranchusmicrops Günther [A.] 1864: 31; Type locality: Sri Lanka. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1864.3. 18.1. Common name: Pr: Eshlambo, Gorbe mahi, En: Asian stinging catfish, Fossil cat. Diagnosis: Very elongated anal fin with 60 or more branched rays, small and flattened Head, tapering both dorsally and ventrally to terminal mouth. Meristic characters: D: 6 – 8, A: I 60 – 75, P: 7 – 8, V: 5 – 6, GR: 22 – 26, TV: 68 – 72. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 404). Found in Karon Karkheh and Dez Rivers. Taxonomy: Shrestha (1978) placed in Heteropneustes. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, Jha and Rayamajhi 2010), PC: Non-native, Not applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE29C9CEBFCAB574C2488FC1C.taxon	description	(Fig. 405) Esox lucius Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 314; Type locality: Europe. Possible syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.114 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Luccius vorax Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810: 68; Unneeded new name for “ Esox lucius ” Linnaeus 1758. Esox estor Lesueur [C. A.] 1818: 413; Type locality: Lake Erie, Buffalo, New York, U. S. A. No types known. Esox australis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846: 323; Type locality: Locality unknown; not Australia (see Whitley 1943: 130 [ref. 4702]). Holotype (unique): MNHN B – 0960. Esox depraudu Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846: 336; Type locality: Wabash River, New Harmony, Indiana, U. S. A. Holotype (unique): MNHN A – 0793. Esox lugubrosus Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846: 338; Type locality: Cumberland District, Nashville, Tennessee, U. S. A. Esox boreus Agassiz [L.] 1850: 317; Type locality: Northern shores of Lake Superior. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Esox lucioides Agassiz [L.] & Girard [C. F.] in Herbert 1850: 154; Type locality: Lake Superior, North America. No type known. Esox reichertii var. baicalensis Dybowski [B. N.] 1874: 392; Type locality: Lake Baikal basin, Russia. No types known. Esox lucius var. atrox Anikin [V. P.] 1902: 109; Type locality: Ob River basin, Siberia, Russia. Holotype: ZMUT uncat. Paratypes: ZMUT uncat. Esox Lucius bergi Kaganowsky [A. G.] 1933: 138 [4]; Type locality: Anadyr River, Siberia, Russia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Ordak mahi, Shook, Shakal, En: Pike. Diagnosis: Long, flat, duck-bill snout, mouth with many large, sharp teeth, and the rearward position of its dorsal and anal fins and dorsal and anal fins set far back on the body are distinctive. Meristic characters: D: VI – X 13 – 16, A: IV – VIII 11 – 14, P: 14 – 16, V: 8 – 13, LL: 105 – 148, GR: 8 – 13, TV: 56 – 65. Distribution: Caspian Sea and maybe found in Namak and Tigris basins (Fig. 406). Found in Anzali Wetland and its drainage canals, Gorgan rud and its tributaries, Qarasu, with other rivers including the Sefidrud, Chalus, Tajan, Tonekabon, Babol, Haraz and Atrak River. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (NatureServe 2013 a).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2929CEAFF49556D2333FC07.taxon	description	Coregonus conorhynchus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 485; Type locality: Russia. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3669. Coregonus palea Valenciennes [A.] (ex Cuvier) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 477; Type locality: Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 3670. Coregonus pachycephalus Malmgren [A. J.] 1863: [350]; Type locality: Lake Vänern, Sweden. Syntypes: Not at NRM. Coregonus dispersus cognatus Fatio [V.] 1885: 660; Type locality: Lake Bourget, Savoie, France. No types known. Coregonus pidshian mokschegor Ostroumov [N. A.] 1937: 70; Type locality: Keta Lake, Pyasina River basin, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: (119) whereabouts unknown. Coregonus lavaretus bergianus Pravdin [I. F.] in Berg & Pravdin 1948: 12; Type locality: Ondomozero Lake, Chavanga River basin, Kola Peninsula, Russia. No types at ZIN. Common name: Pr: Sefid mahi, En: European whitefish. Diagnosis: Mouth small with protruding upper jaw, Silvery body forked caudal fin and 19 caudal fin rays. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 8 – 11, A: III – IV 12 – 14, P: 14 – 16, V: 10 – 11, LL: 80 – 95, GR: 30 – 45, TV: 58 – 62. Distribution: Namak Lake basin (Fig. 407). Reported from Karaj River. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) Placed in Coregonus. Conservation: IUCN: Vulnerable D 2 (Native population, Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 n), PC: Non-native, Not applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2929CE9FC9D55862367FE02.taxon	description	Salmo keta Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 72; Type locality: Rivers of Kamchatka, Russia. No types known. Salmo japonensis Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 382; Type locality: Islands and Amur River. Lectotype: ZMB 23548 (dry). Paralectotypes: NMW 91112 (1); ZMB 23565 (1). Salmolagocephalus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 372; Type locality: Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea. No types known. Salmo consuetus Richardson [J.] 1854: 167; Type locality: Yukon River to falls above confluence of Porcupine River, perhaps higher, northwest North America. Holotype (unique): BMNH. Salmo dermatinus Richardson [J.] 1854: 169; Type locality: Yukon River, northwestern North America. Holotype (unique): BMNH. Salmo canis Suckley [G.] 1859: 9; Type locality: Streams along Puget Sound, Washington, U. S. A. Syntypes: (several) lost in transit. Non-types: USNM 2004 [= USNM 2068] (1). Oncorhynchus haberi Hilgendorf [F. M.] 1876: 26; Type locality: Fish market, Hokkaido and Yokohama, Japan. No types known. Common name: Pr: Azad mahi keta, En: Chum salmon. Diagnosis: Lack of distinct black spots on the back and tail and by the presence of 18 to 28 short, stout, smooth gill rakers on the first arch. Pelvic fins with axillary process, caudal truncate to slightly emarginated, Large individuals are steel-blue dorsally, with speckles of black, silver on the sides silvery to white ventrally. Males have tinges of black on the tips of its caudal, anal and pectoral fins. Meristic characters: D: III – IV 10 – 14, A: III 13 – 17, P: 14 – 16, V: 10 – 11, LL: 124 – 153 GR: 18 – 26, TV: 59 – 71. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 408). Some old studies reported them from southern Caspian Sea (Holcik and Razavi 1991; Walczak 1972) but no new record. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Oncorhynchus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2919CE8FC8857CD2309FC82.taxon	description	Salmo purpuratus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 374; Type locality: Bolschaja River, [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Bolschaja River, Bystraja River, eastern Russia. Syntypes: ZMB 23549 (1, dry), 23554 (1, dry). Salmo gairdnerii Richardson [J.] (ex Gairdner) 1836: 221; Type locality: Columbia River, western U. S. A. No types known. Salmo iridea Gibbons [W. P.] 1855: [2] col. 6; Type locality: San Leandro Creek, Alameda County, California, U. S. A. Syntypes:? USNM 594 (1),? USNM 228615 (2). Salmo rivularis Ayres [W. O.] 1855: [2] col. 4; Type locality: A few miles back of Martinez, toward the foot of Mount Diablo, Caifornia, U. S. A. No types known. Salmo gibbsii Suckley [G.] 1859: 1; Type locality: Columbia River, Fort Dalles, Oregon, U. S. A. Holotype (unique): USNM 940 (skin). Salmo newberrii Girard [C. F.] 1859: 225; Type locality: Klamath River, Oregon, U. S. A. Holotype: USNM 578. Salmo truncates Suckley [G.] 1859: 3; Type locality: Juan de Fuca Strait, northwestern North America. Holotype (unique): USNM 1134 (not found in 1980). Salmo masoni Suckley [G.] 1860: 345; Type locality: Columbia River at Fort Dalles; Catlapootl River; North America. No types known. Oncorhynchus kamloops Jordan [D. S.] 1892: 405; Type locality: Kamloops Lake, British Columbia, Canada. Holotype: USNM 44238. Paratypes: CAS-SU 10803 (1). Salmo gairdneri var. gilberti Jordan [D. S.] 1894: 143; Type locality: South Fork of Kern River, California, U. S. A. Lectotype: CAS-SU 11511. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 11509 (1). Non-types: MCZ 29063 (1). Salmo gairdneri var. shasta Jordan [D. S.] 1894: 142; Type locality: California, U. S. A. Lectotype: CAS-SU 10903 [not CAS-SU 903 as published]. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 4748 (4). Salmo gairdneri stonei Jordan [D. S.] 1894: 60; Type locality: McCloud River at Baird, Shasta County, California, U. S. A. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 10900. Salmo gairdneri beardsleei Jordan [D. S.] & Seale [A.] in Jordan 1896: 209; Type locality: Lake Crescent, Washington, U. S. A. Lectotype: CAS-SU 11864 (not on shelves in 1995). Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 11861 – 62 (1, 1), 11865 (1, not on shelves in 1995). Salmo nelsoni Evermann [B. W.] 1908: 26; Type locality: Type locality: Río San Ramon, San Pedro Martir Mountains, 35 miles northeast of Port San Quintin, Baja California, Mexico, elevation 2,000 feet. Holotype: USNM 61056. Paratypes: (8) AMNH (1, not found or not sent), FMNH (1, not found or not sent), IU (1), MCZ (1), CAS-SU (1, not found or not sent), U. S. Bur. Fish. 1620 (1); UMMZ 157681 (1);? USNM 61057 (1), 76406 (3)? 76407 (1). Salmo regalis Snyder [J. O.] 1912: 26; Type locality: Near Brockway, Lake Tahoe, California, U. S. A. Holotype: USNM 86556. Paratypes: CAS-SU 22497 (1), 23196 (1); USNM 75150 (1). Salmo aquilarum Snyder [J. O.] 1917: 77; Type locality: Eagle Lake, near the mouth of Pine Creek, California, U. S. A. Holotype: USNM 75653. Paratypes: CAS-SU 13515 (1), USNM 75682 (1). Salmo maragdus Snyder [J. O.] 1917: 80; Type locality: Pyramid Lake, Nevada, U. S. A., depth 40 feet. Holotype (unique): USNM 75596. Salmo irideus morpha argentatus Bajkov [A. D.] 1927: 388 [12]; Type locality: Buffalo Prairie Lake, Caledonia Lake and Athabasca River, Alberta, Canada. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. Paratypes: UMMZ 80841 (1). Salmo kamloops whitehousei Dymond [J. R.] 1931: 393 [3]; Type locality: Six-mile lake near Nelson, British Columbia, Canada. Holotype: ROM 6053. Paratypes: (19) UMMZ 9545 (1). Common name: Pr: Ghezel alay rangin kaman, En: Rainbow trout. Diagnosis: Body elongate, No nuptial tubercles but minor changes to head, 100 – 161 lateral line scales, 8 – 12 principal anal fin rays, the vomer bone in the roof of the mouth has teeth on its head and shaft, no red spots on the body but only small dark ones and radiating rows of black spots on the dorsal and caudal fins, and no teeth at the tongue base. Mouth and color occur especially in spawning males and juveniles with 5 – 10 parr marks. Meristic characters: D: III 10 – 12, A: III 8 – 12, P: 11 – 17, V: 8 – 10, LL: 130 – 150, GR: 15 – 22, TV: 60 – 66. Distribution: Introduced widely elsewhere, found in all basins of Iran. Taxonomy: Chereshnev (1996) placed in Parasalmo but Tomelleri and Eberle (1990) transferred to Oncorhynchus. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2909CEFFCB3550D2514FD42.taxon	description	Salmo caspius Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 62; Type locality: Kura River near Bozhii Promysel fishing grounds, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: (3) not at ZIN. Common name: Pr: Mahi azad, En: Caspian trout. Diagnosis: The dark-spotted back, light halos around some of the dark-colored flank spots, caudal fin not or only weakly spotted, teeth on the vomer shaft, and only 9 – 15 total anal fin rays are distinctive. Meristic characters: D: III – V 7 – 12, A: III – V 6 – 12, P: 10 – 14, V: 8 – 10, LL: 108 – 134 GR: 17 – 20, TV: 59 – 61. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 411). Found in the Caspian Sea and enters Iranian rivers to spawn as well as being resident in Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed caspius in Salmo trutta as subspecies but Fricke et al. (2007) regard as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered A 2 cde. It is difficult to distinguish a decline of the wild populations due to the stocking of the species. However, it is suspected that the native wild population has declined by over 80 % in the past three generations (estimated at 24 years) as all the wild populations have almost disappeared, apart from the restocked individuals from Iran. Many fish are taken by poachers in traps and nets used to block spawning streams. There are only occasional records from the southern Caspian basin. Overfishing, poaching by traps and nets will soon cause the extinction of natural populations.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2979CEDFC49568C27DEFC61.taxon	description	Salmo eriox Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 308; Type locality: European seas and rivers. No types known. Salmo fario Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 309; Type locality: Rivers of Sweden and Switzerland. No types known. Salmo trutta Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 308; Type locality: European rivers. No types known. Salmo vario Nau [B. S.] 1787: 22; Type locality: Lohr River near Lohr am Main, Bayern, Germany. No types known. Salmo albus Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Pennant) 1788: 161; Type locality: Rivers and seas of Great Britain. No types known. Salmo sylvaticus Gmelin [J. F.] 1789: 1367; Type locality: Norway; Berlin, Germany; Danzig [Gdansk], Poland. Syntypes: ZMB (lost). Salmo albus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 76; Type locality: Rivers and seas of Great Britain; Carolina, U. S. A. No types known. Salmo cornubiensis Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 65; Type locality: Lake Lo, Cornwall, England. No types known. Salmo fario var. loensis Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 61; Type locality: Lake Lo, Cornwall, England. No types known. Salmo saxatilis Schrank [F. von P.] 1798: 320; Type locality: Bavaria and other localities. No types known. Syntypes: ZSM [old collection] destroyed in WWII. Salmo fario var. forestensis Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801: 400; Type locality: Europe (several localities); Siberia, Russia. No types known. Salmo cumberland Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 695, 696; Type locality: Lakes of Cumbreland and Scotland, U. K. No types known. Salmo gadoides Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803: 157, 224; Type locality: Trouville pond, near Rouen, France. No types known. Salmo phinoc Haw [G.] 1804: 54; Type locality: Esk River in Cumberland, Great Britain. No types known. Salmo cambricus Donovan [E.] 1806: 3 unnum. pp.; Type locality: Glamorganshire and Carmarthenshire, Wales, U. K. No types known. Trutta fluvialis Dralet [É. - F.] 1821: 18; Type locality: No locality. No types known. Salmo cambricus Parnell [R.] 1838; Type locality: Loch Leven, Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Salmo lemanus Cuvier [G.] 1829: 303; Type locality: European lakes. Syntypes: MNHN A – 8842 (1, dry) Lac Lémon,? 5467 (1) Lake Geneva. Salmo salvelinus var. albus Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832: 338; Type locality: No types known. Salmo caecifer Parnell [R.] 1838; Type locality: Loch Leven, Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Salmo levenensis Yarrell [W.] (ex Walker) 1839: 9; Type locality: Loch Levin, Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Fario argenteus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 294; Type locality: Many localities. Syntypes: MNHN. Salar ausonii Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 319; Type locality: Localities in France, Germany, and Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0002 (1), 3647 (1), A – 7590 (2), 1953 (2), 3638 to 3643 (8), 3650 and 3651 (2), 3648 (1), 3637 (1), 3652 to 3654 (3), A – 8567 – 68 (1, 1), 3644 to 3646 (3), A – 8573 (1), 3649 (1), 3634 (1), A – 9702 (1), 3635 and 3636 and 4920 (3). Salar bailloni Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 342; Type locality: Somme River at Abbeville, France. Lectotype: MNHN 0000 – 6321. Paralectotypes: MNHN 0000 – 2909 (2) Norway. Salar gaimardi Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 341; Type locality: Iceland. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3657 to 0000 – 3661 (5, poor condition). Salar spectabilis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848: 340; Type locality: Neva River at St. Petersburg, Russia. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3655 – 0000 – 3656 and A – 7593 (3). Salmo estuarius Knox [R.] 1855: 4662; Type locality: England and Scotland. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Salmo brachypoma Günther [A.] 1866: 87; Type locality: Forth, Tweed and Ouse reivers, England. Syntypes: (7) BMNH uncat. (?) River Ouse. Salmo gallivensis Günther [A.] 1866: 88; Type locality: Galway and Ballinahuich Fishery, Ireland. Syntypes: (at least 4, but not the hybrids) BMNH 1865.8.30.1 – 2 (2), 1865.8.30.3 (1), 1865.8.30.8 (1).,? 1865.8.30.4 – 7 (4). Salmo mistops Günther [A.] 1866: 105; Type locality: Eidfjord River, Norway. Syntypes: (at least 4) BMNH 1865.8.23.2 – 4 (3), 1865.8.23.8 (1). Salmo orcadensis Günther [A.] 1866: 91; Type locality: Loch Stennis, Orkney Islands, Scotland. Syntypes: BMNH 1856.9.19.765 – 766 (2). Salmo polyosteus Günther [A.] 1866: 111; Type locality: Lapland. Syntypes: (at least 8) BMNH 1 8 6 2.1 0.2 4. 1 5 – 1 7 (3), 1862.10.24.18 – 23 (6). Salmo venernensis Günther [A.] 1866: 110; Type locality: Lake Vänern, Sweden. Syntypes: (at least 7) BMNH 1829.11.8.6 (1), 1853.3.16.37 (1, missing), 1862.3.16.2 (1, stuffed and mounted), 1862.3.16.3 (1, stuffed and mounted). Salmo rappii Günther [A.] 1866: 82; Type locality: Lake Constance, Europe. Syntypes: (3) BMNH 1866.1.10.2 – 3 (2), ZMB 3718 (1, disintegrated). Salmo islayensis Thomson [J.] 1873: 86; Type locality: Loch Na- Maorichen, Islay Island, U. K. No types known. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Salmo oxianus Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 35; Type locality: Darmut stream, tributary of Kizil-Su River, Upper Amu Darya River basin, Afganistan. Lectotype: ZMMU P – 833. Paralectotypes: BMNH uncat. (1, stuffed), BMNH uncat (skin in bottle); ZMMU P – 833 a (1), P – 1871 (1); none at ZIN. Trutta variabilis Lunel [G.] 1874: 146; Type locality: Lake Leman, Switzerland. Syntypes: MHNG 807.35 (1), 816.06 (1), 816.07 (1). Trutta marina Moreau [E.] 1881: 537; Type locality: Meuse, Seine and Loire rivers, France. Syntypes: MNHN. Salmo lacustris var. rhenana Fatio [V.] 1890: 347; Type locality: Switzerland. Syntypes: MHNG 806.96 (1). Salmo lacustris var. septentrionalis Fatio [V.] 1890: 354; Type locality: Original not seen. Unneeded substitute name for Salmo lacustris var. rhenana Fatio 1890. Salmo lacustris var. romanovi Kavraisky [F. F.] 1896: 43; Type locality: Lake Tabistskhuri, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (20)? BMNH 1897.2.9.21 – 22 (2). Salmo trutta aralensis Berg [L. S.] 1908: 317; Type locality: Aral Sea near Amu-Darya River mouth, Kazakhstan. Holotype (unique): ZIN 14418. Trutta fario macroptera Chichkoff [G.] 1939: 121 [French p. 177]; Type locality: Struma River basin, Rila range, Bulgaria. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Ghezel alay-e khal ghermez, En: Brown trout. Diagnosis: Fusiform body with little and pointed head, Mouth large, extending mostly after the eye and has well-developed teeth, vomer numerous and strongly developed, caudal peduncle wide and rounded and small scales. Operculum has many spots, dorsal fin branched rays usually 10 – 12, and orange to rusty-red spots are often present on adult flanks. Meristic characters: D: III – V 7 – 12, A: III – IV 9 – 12, P: 13 – 14, V: 7 – 9, LL: 130 – 136, GR: 14 – 20, TV: 56 – 59. Distribution: Native population found in the Caspian Sea, Namak and Urmia Lake basins but translocated to Tigris basin (Fig. 413). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2011).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2959CECFF61522D265DFE81.taxon	description	Salmo nelma Pallas [P. S.] 1773: 216, 716; Type locality: Larger Siberian rivers, Russia. No types known. Salmo mackenzii Richardson [J.] 1823: 707 [3]; Type locality: Mackenzie River system including Salt River, Canada. No types known. Coregonus lucius Nilsson [S.] 1855: 466; Type locality: Arkhangelsk, Russia. No types known. Common name: Pr: Sefid mahi, Azad mahi, En: Beloribitsa, Sheefish. Diagnosis: Mouth large, the protruding lower jaw, and the presence of only 13 to 17 gill rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch, Dorsal fin high and pointed, pelvic axillary present and well-developed, Generally silvery, with the back usually rather green, blue or pale brown, silvery white below, dorsal and caudal fins have dusky margins, other fins pale. Meristic characters: D: II – VI 8 – 13, A: II – V 9 – 16, P: 14 – 17, V: 11 – 12, LL: 88 – 121, GR: 14 – 22, TV: 63 – 69. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 414). This species is rare in Iranian waters. Recently (June 2018) we saw a single specimen of this species (about 55 cm and 3,500 gr) in the fish market at Freydonkenar city. In addition, Poursaeid and Falahatkar (2012) recorded from Gilan coast. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Stenodus. Conservation: IUCN: Extinct in the Wild (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 an).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2949CECFF47578D245EFD81.taxon	description	Syngnathus caspius Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831: 61; Type locality: Balkhan Bay, Caspian Sea. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Ney Mahi, En: Caspian pipefish. Diagnosis: The extremely thin, elongate body encased in bony rings is unique in Iran. Meristic characters: D: I 30 – 43, A: 3, P: 11 – 15, V: I 0 – 1, TV: 52 – 59. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 416). Found in Anzali Wetland and neighbouring river, Amirkelayee Lagoon near Lahijan, Gorgan Bay, lower reaches of the Caspian Sea rivers, the southeast Caspian Sea, southwest Caspian Sea and south-central Caspian Sea, including the deltas of some rivers. Ta x o n o m y: B e rg (1 9 4 9) p l a c e d c a s p i u s i n Syngnathus nigrolineatus as subspecies, Coad (1995) synonymized with Syngnathus abaster but Esmaeili et al. (2010) regard as valid and full species. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (Pollom 2017).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2949CD2FCF3548D27E0FE42.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gav mahi nuk ordaki, Gavmahi poozeh deraz, En: Duckbill pugolovka. Diagnosis: Distinguished by elongate, flattened and duck’s bill like head, dissimilar to gobies of the genus Benthophilus the body has granules and minute platelets. There are 8 rather than 6, vertical, suborbital series of pit organs, postorbital without occipital series, and the lake of cheek flaps behind the jaw angle. Meristic characters: D 1: III – IV (IV), D 2: I 8 – 11 (10), A: I 8 – 11, P: 14 – 16, LS: naked, TV: 29 – 30. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 417). Found in deep water of southern Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Coad (1995) placed in Anatirostrum. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. Very little is known about this species in general. Therefore, we did not believe there was enough information to objectively evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2AA9CD2FF7354CD2224FDE2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-e Baer, Gavmahi-e tokmehsar, En: Baer Pugolovka. Diagnosis: There are very 11 – 16 row large and high tubercles, in dorsal (the lowest number in the genus, vs. 18 – 33), ventral with 9 – 13 row (the lowest number in the genus, vs. 15 – 26). It separates from B. spinosus species group, by having smaller pelvic disk, 24 – 29 % SL (vs. 29 – 34), longer interorbital length (13 – 18 % HL vs. 9 – 14), smaller dermal fold, its base length 6 – 10 % HL (vs. 73 – 20), usually one spine in first dorsal fin (vs. usually 3). Meristic characters: D 1: 0 – 2 (2), D 2: I 6 – 8 (7), A: I 5 – 8 (6), P: 15 – 17 (16), TV: 24 – 27 (25 – 26), PF: 3 – 221 * 01 * 1 * 1. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 418). Found in western part of Caspian Sea. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. The available information on this species, its biology or its populations is too scarce or outdated. Therefore, we classified it as Data Deficient.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2AA9CD1FC9054EC2559FD02.taxon	description	Benthophilus magistri lencoranicus Ragimov [D. B.] 1982: 53; Type locality: Off Zelenyy Bugor, 38 ° 10 ' N, southeastern Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan, depth 42 m. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. Paratypes: CBSIZA 546 (20). Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-e shafaf, En: Transparent or Clear goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by having an incomplete dorsal row of tubercles (except B. leptocephalus). It is distinguished from B. leptocephalus, which also has an incomplete dorsal row of tubercles, by a greater head (head width 88 – 98 % HL, vs. 71 – 80), a bigger mouth (mouth width 55 – 60 % HL, vs. 42 – 49), larger dermal fold (vs. lake of dermal fold) and well-developed chin barbel (vs. usually tiny or absent). Meristic characters: D 1: III – IV, D 2: I 8 – 11 (9 – 10), A: I 9 – 10, P: 16 – 18 (17 – 18), TV: 29 – 30, PF: 3 – 221 * 01 * 1 * 1 * 1. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 419). Found in Gorgan Bay and western part of the Caspian Sea. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. There are not enough data on this species to accurately evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A99CD1FF7054CC24D0FDE2.taxon	description	Benthophilus squamatus Baer [G. A.] in Lukina 1984: 168; Type locality: Bight at Novopetrovsk, Mangyshlak. No types known. Common name: Pr: Gavmahi Zigildar, En: Granular Pugolovka. Diagnosis: Distinguished by having a well-developed barbel chin (almost longer than eye diameter), with wide swollen base and filiform appendage (vs. nearly equal to or smaller than eye diameter, conical). Also can separated by having wide circular head (vs. triangular), head width 90 – 104 % HL (vs. 70 – 94), larger mouth (its width 57 – 62 % HL vs. 40 – 59), usually 17 – 18 caudal vertebrae (vs. 19 – 20). Meristic characters: D 1: III – V (IV), D 2: I 7 – 9 (8), A: I 7 – 9 (7 – 8), P: 15 – 17 (16), TV: 26 – 28, PF: 3 – 221 * 01 * 1 * 02, 3 – 221 * 01 * 1 * 1. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 420). Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) map this species from the Iranian shore. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 i).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A99CD0FCBB54EC261EFCE2.taxon	description	Benthophilus aculeatus Baer [K. E.] in Lukina 1984: 168; Type locality: Bight at Novopetrovsk, Mangyshlak, Caspian Sea, Kazakhstan. No types known. Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-e vazaghi, En: Caspian stellate tadpole-goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished from the other by having a long snout (30 – 33 % HL), and upper jaw projecting beyond tip of lower jaw (vs. lower jaw projecting beyond tip of upper jaw), two large tubercles along midline between eyes (found in 80 % of specimens) (vs. 0 – 1 tubercle), 10 – 11, usually 11, precaudal vertebrae (vs. usually 9). It also differs from most species of Benthophilus by large head (always wide larger than long) and small eyes (horizontal eye diameter markedly larger than interorbital distance), these characters are shared with B. macrocephalus and B. stellatus). 3 – 4 neuromasts in row 7 (found also in B. cnsachicus and B. macrocephalus, vs. usually one). It can be separate by other species of the group by possessing tiny granules on upper eye surface and periorbital row of enlarged granules (except B. macrocephalus). Meristic characters: D 1: III – IV, D 2: I 8 – 10 (9), A: I 7 – 9 (8), P: 15 – 18 (17), TV: 28 – 31 (29 – 30), PF: 3 – 22 (11 *) 1 * 01 * 0002, 3 – 22 (11 *) 1 * 0000001). Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 421). Found in whole of southern Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Coad (1995) placed leobergius in Benthophilus stellatus as subspecies but Pinchuk et al. in Miller (2004) regard as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 j).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A89CD0FF4155EC23DFFCC2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-e kale sangi, En: Stone head Goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by having lack of dermal fold (vs. present), a thin and undeveloped chin babel which usually hardly visible or absent (vs. well-developed), row r comprising of 1 neuromast (vs. 2 – 5 neuromasts). Dorsal row tubercle incomplete. It is distinguished from B. ctenolepidus by having smaller head (head width 71 – 80 % HL vs. 88 – 89) and a small mouth (width 42 – 49 % HL). Meristic characters: D 1: II – VI (III), D 2: I 9 – 11 (10), A: I 8 – 11 (10), P: 15 – 18 (16 – 17), TV: 28 – 30 (29 – 30), PF: 3 – 227 * 01 * 1 * 1. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 422). Found in the western Middle Caspian south to 39 ° 41 ' N and the eastern South Caspian south to Hasan Kuli in Turkmenistan. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. There are not enough data on this species to accurately evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A89CD6FCE5550C2614FEC2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-ye akhtari, Gav mahi sar bozorg, En: Caspian tadpole goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by having the following combination of characters: developed dermal fold with rectangular shape and scalloped free margin, 20 – 26 % HL (an unique shape in the genus), 3 – 4 neuromasts in row 7 (shared only with B. casachicrs and B. leobergius, vs. usually 1), a wide head, 103 – 111 % HL (103 – 115 % HL only in B. leobergius). Meristic characters: D 1: II – IV (III), D 2: I 8 – 9 (8), A: I 6 – 8 (7), P: 16 – 18 (17), TV: 27 – 29 (27), PF: 3 – 22 (11 *) 1 * 0001. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 423). Found in Anzali Wetland and Gorgan Bay. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Benthophilus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 k).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2AE9CD6FF50570C23DFFDC2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gavmahi Pinchuk, En: Pinchuk’s tadpole goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished from the other species (except B. ragimovi) by having the highest number of tubercles in dorsal row, which is complete, 30 – 33, usually 31 – 32 vs. 21 – 31, usually 23 – 30) and highest numbers of total vertebrae, 30 – 32, and caudal vertebrae, 21 – 23 (vs. respectively, 26 – 31, commonly 27 – 30, and 77 – 21). It is differs by mouth width 40 – 47 % HL (vs. 47 – 58), on temporal and occipital head regions medial groove well-developed (vs. shallow, usually developed only between eyes), granules few and scattered, absent from medial groove (vs. densely-set on whole upper head surface including medial groove), several anterior tubercles of dorsal row of similar size with following ones (vs. smaller than following ones), and ventrolateral row absent or with few tubercles in ventrolateral row (vs. with 16 – 19 small tubercles). Meristic characters: D 1: III – IV (IV), D 2: I 9 – 11 (10), A: I 8 – 10 (9), P: 15 – 17 (16), TV: 30 – 32 (31), PF: 3 – 221 * 01 * 1 * 1, 3 – 221 * 01 * 1 * 02. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 424). Found on the western coasts of the Middle and South Caspian and the Volga delta region. Taxonomy: Coad (1995) placed pinchuki in Benthophilus ctenolepidus as subspecies but Pinchuk and Miller in Miller (2004) regard as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. There are not enough data on this species to accurately evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2AE9CD5FCAE540C2559FCE2.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-e Ragimov, En: Ragimov’s tadpole-goby. Diagnosis: It is distinguished from the other species except for B. pinchuki by having the highest number of tubercles in dorsal row which is complete, 30 – 33, usually 31 – 32 (vs. 21 – 31 usually 23 – 30) and the highest numbers of total vertebrae, 30 – 32, and caudal vertebrae, 21 – 23 (vs. respectively, 26 – 31, commonly 27 – 30, and 77 – 27). B. ragimovi differs from B. pinchuki, by mouth width 47 – 58 % HL (vs. 40 – 47), medial groove on head shallow, usually developed only between eyes (vs. well-developed on temporal and occipital head regions), granules densely-set on whole upper head surface including medial groove (vs. granules few and scattered, absent from medial groove) several anterior tubercles of dorsal row smaller than following ones (vs. of similar size), ventrolateral row with 16 – 19 tiny tubercles in (vs. ventrolateral row absent or with few tubercles). Meristic characters: D 1: III – IV, D 2: I 9 – 10 (10), A: I 8 – 10 (9), P: 15 – 17 (16), TV: 30 – 31, PF: 3 – 227 * 07 * 1 * 02. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 425). Recorded from the western coast of middle and south Caspian Sea from Chechen’ Island to Astara. Deepwater species. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. There are not enough data on this species to accurately evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2AD9CD5FF1555AD23E0FC22.taxon	description	Boleophthalmus dentatus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1837: 208; Type locality: Mumbai, India. Syntypes: MNHN A – 1475 (4). Boleophthalmus dussumieri Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1837: 207; Type locality: Mumbai, India. Holotype (unique): MNHN A – 1468. Boleophthalmus chamiri Holly [M.] 1929: 63 [2]; Type locality: “ Chamir ” opposite the Tawilah Island, in the strait of Hormuz, southeastern Iran. Holotype (unique): NMW 13804. Common name: Pr: Eshlambo, Neeshlambo, Gel khorak, En: Mudskipper. Diagnosis: Distinguished by two canine teeth internal to the lower jaw symphysis, caudal fin length 22 – 26 % SL, head length 24 – 29 % SL, length of D 2 base 42 – 45 % SL, first D 2 ray usually un segmented and unbranched, longitudinal scale count 103 – 185 and predorsal scales 48 – 56. Meristic characters: D 1: IV – VI (VI), D 2: I 24 – 28, A: I 23 – 27, P: 16 – 20, TV: 26 – 27. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 427). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species occurs in a wide distribution range, and no major known threats.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2AD9CDBFC82526D27DFFD22.taxon	description	Gobius giuris Hamilton [F.] 1822: 51, 366; Type locality: Ganges River, India. Lectotype: whereabouts unknown. Gobius gutum Hamilton [F.] 1822: 50, 366; Type locality: Ganges River, India. No types known. Gobius russelii Cuvier [G.] 1829: 244; Type locality: India. Non-types: MNHN 0000 – 7198 (1) Puducherry. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1991: 39 [ref. 19958] with MNHN 7198 as holotype. Gobius catebus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1837: 76; Type locality: Rangoon, Myanmar; Bengal; Puducherry; Malabar. Syntypes: MNHN A – 1390 (1, described specimen) Rangoon, A – 1907 (4) Bengal, A – 2538 (1) Puducherry, 7199 (2) Malabar;? ZMB 2065 (1). Gobius kora Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1837: 77; Type locality: Coromandel, India. No types known. Gobius kurpah Sykes [W. H.] 1839: 158; Type locality: Deccan, India. No types known. Gobius platycephalus Richardson [J.] 1846: 204; Type locality: Macao, China Sea. Holotype (unique): Cambridge Philosophical Inst. (lost). Gobius phaiospilosoma Bleeker [P.] 1849: 30; Type locality: Pasuruan, Java and Sumanap, Madura, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 4456. Gobius sublitus Cantor [T. E.] 1849: 1163 [181]; Type locality: Sea of Penang, Malaysia. Holotype: BMNH 1860.3. 19.563 (skin, in jar). Gobius platycephalus Peters [W. (C. H.)] 1852: 681; Type locality: Boror, Mozambique. Syntypes: ZMB 2108 (3) Tette [Tete]. Gobius spectabilis Günther [A.] 1861: 45; Type locality: India. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1858.8. 15.74. Gobius grandidierii Playfair [R. L.] 1868: 10; Type locality: Mouroundava River, Madagascar. Syntypes: (2) apparently lost. Eleotris laticeps De Vis [C. W.] 1884: 692; Type locality: Queensland coast, Australia. Holotype (unique): QM I. 220 (stuffed, in alcohol). Glossogobius tenuiformis Fowler [H. W.] 1934: 496; Type locality: St. Lucia Lake, 20 miles up, northern Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Holotype: ANSP 60250. Paratypes: ANSP 60248 – 49 (1, 1). Common name: Pr: Gav mahi cheshm navari, Rikoo, En: Tank goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by elongate body, anteriorly rounded and posteriorly compressed. Head depressed with elongated snout. Body covered by ctenoid and head by cycloid scales. Cheeks and operculum scaleless. Anterior nostril have a short tube, lower jaw prominent, tongue divided into two lobes, teeth in several rows in each jaw, operculum wide, isthmus narrow, and pectoral fin without free rays and base scaled. Meristic characters: D 1: VI, D 2: I 7 – 9, A: I 7 – 9, P: 16 – 21, LS: 31 – 38, TV: 26 – 27. Distribution: Makran basin (Fig. 429). Also may be found in Hormuz basin. Taxonomy: Roberts (1978) placed in Glossogobius. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Larson et al. 2016).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A39CDAFC5D574C2279FEE1.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gav mahi kotol-ye Volga, En: Volga dwarf goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by usually 30 scales in midlateral series, anteri or extremity of anterior oculoscapular canal behind middle of eye, a transverse row of papillae on cheek extending downward through row d and almost reaching row e, body scaleless in front of D 1, caudal fin symmetric. Meristic characters: D 1: VII, D 2: I 8 – 9, A: I 8 – 9, P: 13 – 19, LS: 28 – 36, TV: 31 – 33. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 430). According to Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) found in Gorgan bay. Taxonomy: Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) placed in Knipowitschia but not accepted by other authors. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (under name Knipowitschia bergi (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 p )).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A19CD9FF68574C232EFDE1.taxon	description	Pomatoschistus caucasicus Berg [L. S.] (ex Kavraisky) 1916: 409; Type locality: Swamp near Batum and Inkit Lake near Pitzunda, Georgia (Eurasia). Syntypes: BMNH 1896.3.28.26 – 28 [ex Tiflis Mus.] (3) Lake Temirgorje, Georgia, Eurasia. Bubyr caucasicus kosswigii Sözer [F.] 1941: 159; Type locality: Lake Manyas, Anatolia, Turkey. Syntypes: (7) whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-ye qafqazi, En: Caucasian dwarf goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by with 4 – 8 dark bars on body of breeding males, back scaleless in front of origin of D 2, anterior extremity or anterior oculoscapular canal in front of middle or eye (pore λ), posterior oculoscapular canal present, belly in females yellowish, 31 – 34 scales in midlateral series. Meristic characters: D 1: V – VIII (VI), D 2: I 6 – 10 (7 – 8), A: I 5 – 10 (7 – 8), P: 13 – 18, LS: 29 – 38, TV: 30 – 33. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 432). Found in the lower Sefidrud River, Anzali Wetland, Gorgan Bay, Aras Dam as well as southeast Caspian Sea, southwest Caspian Sea and south-central Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Miller in Hureau and Monod (1973) placed in Knipowitschia. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 q).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A19CD8FC8154EC261FFCE1.taxon	description	Knipowitschia georghievi Pinchuk [V. I.] 1978: 798; Type locality: Gebedjinsky [Gebedzhinsk] Lake, Bulgaria. Holotype: ZIN 42337 (male of 2). Paratypes: ZIN 42337 (1 female of 2). Additional material: (3 + juveniles). Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-ye dom deraz, En: Long tail dwarf goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by asymmetric caudal fin, anterior extremity of anterior oculoscapular canal in front of middle of eye (pore λ), the lack of posterior oculoscapular canal, back naked in front of origin of D 2, breeding males with 48 dark bars on the body, 33 – 40 scales in midlateral series. Meristic characters: D 1: VI – VIII, D 2: I 7 – 9, A: I 8 – 9, P: 15 – 18, LS: 33 – 40, TV: 31 – 33. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 433). Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Knipowitschia. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 r).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A09CD8FF4255AD23DFFD42.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Vazagh mahi Caspian, En: Caspian toad goby. Diagnosis: Three (rather than the more usual two) transverse head papillae rows between rows b and d. Nape with undeveloped ctenoid scales, almost reaching median pore κ, snout lager than eye diameter, lower jaw not protruding, and males with distinct breeding colors. Meristic characters: D 1: VI – VII, D 2: I 16 – 19 (17 – 18), A: I 15 – 18, P:?, LS: 73 – 83, TV:?. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 434). Mainly in southern parts of Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Mesogobius. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. There are not enough data on this species to accurately evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A09CDFFCE3554D25F8FDA1.taxon	description	Gobius caspius Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831: 76; Type locality: Caspian Sea. No types known. Common name: Pr: Gel mahi Khazari, Gavmahi-ye Khazari, En: Caspian goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by nostril far from the eyes, small mouth and usually a dark blotch on lower part of operculum. Meristic characters: D 1: V – VII (VI), D 2: I 14 – 17, A: I – II (I) 15 – 18, P: 16 – 19, LS: 57 – 71, TV:?. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 436). Found from both the southwestern, south-central and southeastern Caspian Sea, the Anzali Shore and Gorgan Bay. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Mesogobius. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species seems to be abundant and its habitat is relatively stable (Sarpanah Sarkohi et al. 2010). Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A79CDEFF0E542C24F0FE01.taxon	description	Gobius cephalarges Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 155; Type locality: Feodosiya [Feodosia], Crimea, Ukraine. No types known. Gobius chilo Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 156; Type locality: Feodosiya [Feodosia], Ukraine. No types known. Gobius exanthematosus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 160; Type locality: Shores of Crimea, Ukraine. No types known. Gobius melanio Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 157; Type locality: Shores of Crimea, Black Sea, Ukraine. No types known. Gobius melanostomus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 151; Type locality: Sebvastopol, Crimea, Ukraine; Balaklava, Ukraine. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Gobius virescens Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 158; Type locality: Bay, Crimea, Ukraine. No types known. Gobius affinis Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831: 75; Type locality: Balkhan Bay, Caspian Sea. No types known. Gobius sulcatus Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831: 75; Type locality: Balkhan Bay, Caspian Sea. No types known. Gobius lugens Nordmann [A. von] 1840: 414; Type locality: River, very rapid stream in Drudarium, Abasie [Abkhazia]. No types known. Gobius grossholzii Steindachner [F.] 1894: 137; Type locality: Lake Kuçuk-Çekilometersece [Küjük Cekilometersedze], Turkey, Sea of Marmara (Mediterranean Sea). Syntypes: (several) NMW 34032 – 34 (3), 34035 – 36 (2), 34037 – 42 (6), 34043 – 44 (2), 34045 – 50 (6), 34051 – 60 (13), 34061 – 62 (2), 49912 (2). Common name: Pr: Gavmahi-ye gerd, Gavmahi domgerd, En: Round goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by pelvic fin anterior membrane with lateral, rounded and shallow lobes (less than 20 % width of anterior edge of membrane). Anterior part nape with cycloid scales, D 1 with large black blotch at rear. Meristic characters: D 1: V – VIII (VI), D 2: I 11 – 18, A: I – II (I) 9 – 14, P: 16 – 20, LS: 48 – 57, TV:?. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 438). Reported from a wide range of rivers along the Caspian coast of Iran including the Gorgan, Tonekabon, Sefidrud, Shimrud, Chemkhaleh, Rud-e Sere, Kargan, Navarus, Chalus, Babol and Haraz rivers, the Anzali wetland and the Anzali Shore, Gorgan Bay, the southeast Caspian Sea, southwest Caspian Sea and south-central Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Neogobius. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 x).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A69CDCFCBA57CC2614FE01.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gavmahi tireh, Gav mahi rudkhanehai, Gavmahi sheni, En: Caspian sand goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by pelvic fin anterior membrane with rounded and shallow lateral lobes (less than 20 % rear edge width). Nape covered by ctenoid scales. D 1 without large dark spot (except in juveniles). Pelvic fin membrane anterior lobes small, rounded. Angle of jaw anterior to orbit and two transverse infraorbital papillae rows below longitudinal hyomandibular row b. Meristic characters: D 1: V – VII (VI), D 2: I 11 – 18 (15 – 17), A: I 11 – 17 (13 – 15), P: 16 – 19, LS: 49 – 69, TV: 31 – 35. Distribution: Caspian basin (Fig. 439). Reported from several rivers at the southeast, the southwest and the south central of Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed pallasi in Rhinogobius fluviatilis as subspecies but Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) consider as valid and full species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 y).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2A49CC3FF56546D267CFE81.taxon	description	Periophthalmus waltoni Koumans [F. P.] 1941: 288; Type locality: Iraq and Pakistan. Syntypes: RMNH 17004 (2), ZSI (4, not found). Common name: Pr: Sag mahi, Gel khorake Walton, En: Walton’s mudskipper. Diagnosis: Distinguished by pelvic fins with a well-developed sucker, basal membrane or frenum. The anal fin base and D 2 base are 27 % SL or less and there are no canine teeth internal to the lower jaw symphysis. Meristic characters: D 1: X – XIV, D 2: I 12 – 14, A: I 10 – 13, P: 13 – 15, LS: 90 – 121, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 441). Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species occurs in abundance across its distribution range and no known major threat seems to affect its populations. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BB9CC2FF1A570D27C6FE01.taxon	description	Gobius bathybius Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 17; Type locality: Svinoi Island, south of Baky, Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan, 756 feet [108 Russian fathoms]. Holotype (unique): No types at ZIN. C o m m o n n a m e: Pr: Gav mahi amagh, En: Deepwater goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by anterior part of nape with cycloid scales. Operculum width about equal or slightly greater than head depth at eyes, orbit equal to or slightly larger than interorbital distance, eye diameter smaller than snout, pelvic fin not reaching anal fin, except in young, anterior pelvic fin membrane with undeveloped lateral lobes. Caudal peduncle depth 30 – 50 % its length, D 1 with 7 rays, D 2 little smaller than D 1. Overall color semi-transparent and lateral series scales mostly 55 – 60. Meristic characters: D 1: VI – VIII (VI), D 2: I 14 – 16, A: I 11 – 14, P: 18 – 19, LS: 55 – 65, TV:?. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 443). Reported from the southeast Caspian Sea, the southwest Caspian Sea and the south-central Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Neogobius, Pinchuk et al. (Miller 2004) in Chasar but Neilson and Stepien (2009) transferred to Ponticola. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Populations of this species occur in high numbers and seem not to be affected by any major widespread threat. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BA9CC2FF6757CC24A7FE22.taxon	description	Gobius weidemanni Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 275 [85]; Type locality: Transcaucasia (no other data). Syntypes: ZIN 2224 (2). Common name: Pr: Gav mahi Kura, En: Caspian freshwater goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by pelvic fin with large anterior membrane, angular lateral lobes, at least 20 % width of rear edge and pelvic fin less than nine-tenths distance to anal fin, the posterior nostril is near the edge of the orbit, lateral series scales usually 54 – 76, upper lip moderately swollen, width about 75 % to more than length lateral preorbit and interorbital distance 40 – 80 % eye diameter. Meristic characters: D 1: VI – VIII (VI), D 2: I 15 – 20 (18 – 19), A: I 10 – 16 (14), P: 17 – 19, LS: 54 – 59, TV: 33 – 34. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 444). Reported from the southeast Caspian Sea, the southwest Caspian Sea and the south-central Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) synonymized with Neogobius cephalarges, Pinchuk (1977) with Neogobius platyrostris but Vasil’yeva and Vasil’yev (1995) regard as valid as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 ab).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BA9CC1FCAB57AC2645FE22.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Distinguished by pelvic anterior membrane lateral lobes large, at least 20 % width of rear edge. Head oblate, always wider than deep. Cheeks large, upper lip thick at least 60 % lateral preorbital width. Cheeks, upper lips, and pectoral bases with reticulations or mottling. First dorsal fin with 3 – 4 lines of small black blotch, lacking clear dark band, upper lip thin. Meristic characters: D 1: VI – VII (VI), D 2: I 15 – 20 (18), A: I 11 – 16 (13 – 15), P: 17 – 22, LS: 54 – 76, TV: 33 – 35. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 446). Reported from the southeast Caspian Sea, the southwest Caspian Sea and the south-central Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Pinchuk (1977) placed gorlap in Neogobius kessleri as subspecies, Kottelat (1997) placed in Neogobius but Neilson and Stepien (2009) transferred to Ponticola. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ab).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B99CC0FF1857AC26EBFE81.taxon	description	Ponticola iranicus Vasil’eva [E. D.], Mousavi-Sabet [H.] & Vasil’ev [V. P.] 2015: 191; Type locality: Upper Sefid-Rud River basin, Tutkabon Stream, Iran, 36 ° 50.756 ' N, 49 ° 35.021 ' E. Holotype: ZMMU P – 23677. Paratypes: ZMMU P – 23678 (7). Common name: Pr: Gav mahi Irani, En: Iranian goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by pelvic anterior membrane lateral lobes large, at least 20 % width of rear edge. Head average size and always wider than deep. Cheeks large, upper lip width at least three-fifths lateral preorbital width. Cheeks, upper lips, and pectoral bases without obvious blotch. First dorsal fin with clear black spot, upper lip more or less thick. Nape with cycloid scales. D 2 usually with 15 – 16 branched rays, anal fin usually with 11 – 12 branched rays. Meristic characters: D 1: VI, D 2: I 14 – 17 (14), A: I 10 – 13, P: 17 – 20, LS: 54 – 70, TV:?. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 448). Found in Sefidrud River drainage. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. Populations of this species seem not to be affected by any major widespread threat. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B89CC0FF77574C23DFFD02.taxon	description	Gobius bogdanowi Kessler [K. F.] 1874: 267 [77]; Type locality: Caspian Sea at Makhachkala [Petrovsk], Russia. Syntypes: (2) ZIN 10902 (1). Common name: Pr: Gav mahi Ratan, En: Ratan goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by lateral lobes of pelvic anterior membrane are small, not more than 20 % width of rear edge, head laterally depressed and its depth slightly greater than width, cheeks flat, upper lip thin and its width from 40 – 70 % lateral preorbital width. Meristic characters: D 1: VI – VII (VI), D 2: I 15 – 19, A: I 11 – 15, P: 17 – 21, LS: 49 – 70, TV: 32 – 34. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 449). Reported from the southeast, the southwest and the south central of Caspian Sea. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Neogobius, Neilson and Stepien (2009) transferred to Ponticola. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Data Deficient. There are not enough data on this species to accurately evaluate its conservation status.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BF9CC7FF1E568C2320FD61.taxon	description	Gobius syrman Nordmann [A. von] 1840: 419; Type locality: Odessa, Ukraine; Kryni, Ukraine. Syntypes:? BMNH 1872.5.30.35 (1) Odessa; MNHN A – 1126 (1) Odessa, NMW 30099 (1). Gobius trautvetteri Kessler [K. F.] 1859: 244; Type locality: Lower Bug River and lower Dniester River, Ukraine. Syntypes: NMW 30125 (1),? 30127 (1); none at ZIN. Gobius eurystomus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 22; Type locality: Southern Caspian Sea, 40 ° 07 ' N, 0 ° 05 ' E, depth 56 – 105 feet [8 – 15 Russian fathoms]. Syntypes: (20) BMNH 1897.7.5.8 – 9 (2); ZIN 10904 – 05 (1, 2);? NMW 29176 (1). Common name: Pr: Gav mahi Syrman, En: Caspian syrman goby. D i a g n o s i s: D i s t i n g u i s h e d b y 3 t r a n s v e r s e suborbital neuromasts rows occur ventral to the longitudinal suborbital row b while all other Neogobius have typically 2 rows. Pelvic fin anterior membrane with rounded and shallow lateral lobes, lobes not more than one-sixth width of anterior edge of membrane, or lacking entirely. Pelvic fin disc 75 % distance to anal fin origin. Nape covered by ctenoid scales. The lack of dark spot on D 1, lateral series scales usually 55 – 70 and angle of jaw below pupil of eye. Meristic characters: D 1: VI, D 2: I 15 – 19 (16 – 18), A: I 10 – 15 (12 – 14), P: 17 – 21, LS: 56 – 79, TV: 34 – 35. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 451). Reported from the southeast, the southwest and the south central of Caspian Sea. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ac).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BE9CC6FF56574C24C4FD62.taxon	description	Gobius nasalis De Filippi [F.] 1863: 390; Type locality: Caspian Sea near Baku. Syntypes: BMNH 1869.3.4.34 (1); MSNG 12655 (2), 36228 (3); MZUT 672 (7); NMW 33894 – 96 (1, 1, 1); ZMB 5015 (3). Gobius blennioides Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 12; Type locality: Baku Bay, Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan, depth 42 feet [6 Russian fathoms]. Holotype (unique): ZIN 10903. Gobius semipellucidus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 15; Type locality: Mouth of Karasu River, Astrabad Bay, Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan. Holotype (unique): ZIN (not found in 1996). Common name: Pr: Gav mahi marmari, Gav mahi bini loleyi, En: Eastern tubenose goby. Diagnosis: Distinguished by moderate head and the anterior nostrils forming a distinctive and obvious tube and the origin of D 1 is displaced anteriorly. Meristic characters: D 1: VI, D 2: I 12 – 20 (16 – 17), A: I – II 11 – 17 (13 – 14), P: 14 – 16, LS: 34 – 53, TV: 30 – 33. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 453). Reported from the southeast Caspian Sea, the southwest Caspian Sea and the south-central Caspian Sea. The main populations found in Anzali Wetland and Gorgan Bay. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) synonymized with Proterorhinus marmoratus but Freyhof and Naseka (2007) regard as valid and full species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ad).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BC9CC4FF18574D2268FD82.taxon	description	Boleophthalmus tenuis Day [F.] 1876: 305; Type Locality: Estuaries of Karachi, Sind, Pakistan. Lectotype: AMS B. 7618. Paralectotypes and / or Day specimens: AMS B. 8037 (1); BMNH 1889.2.1.3482 – 3491 (10); MNHN A – 0015 (1); NMW 76986 (1); MZUF 2801 (1); RMNH 2005 (1); ZMB 10784 (1); ZSI 92 (1, lost), 150 (lost). Common name: Pr: Gelkhorak deraz, En: Indian Ocean slender mudskipper. Diagnosis: No barbel on ventral midline near symphysis of lower jaw, upper jaw teeth 31 – 37. Head depth 9 – 11 % SL, caudal fin 22 – 26 % SL length, length of Dl base 6 – 8 % SL, 15 – 18 vertical, brown bars on trunk, large, black spots basally on posterior half of second dorsal fin, D 2 and anal fins not connected by membrane to caudal fin. Meristic characters: D 1: VI, D 2: I 23 – 28, A: I 24 – 27, P: 18 – 22, LS: -, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 457). Taxonomy: Murdy (1989) placed in Scartelaos. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. The populations of this species are abundant thoughout its distribution range (Salarpouri et al. 2013; Polgar et al. 2017) and have no widespread threat.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2BC9CCBFC9C548D2489FD21.taxon	description	Ophidium mastacembelus Banks [J.] & Solander [D. C.] in Russell 1794: 209; Type locality: Kowick River, Aleppo [Quwayq River, Halab, Syria]. Syntypes: BMNH 1955.6.25.4 – 6 (3). Ophidium simack Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 159; Type locality: “ Fluvio prope Halepum ”. Rhynchobdella haleppensis Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801: 480; Type locality: “ Frequens Haleppi, Simack il Inglese dictus ”. Mastacembelus syriacus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 172; Type locality: Coic River, Syria. No types known. Mastacembelus aleppensis Günther [A.] 1861: 541; Unjustified emendation of Rhynchobdella haleppensis Bloch & Schneider 1801. Common name: Pr: Mar mahi khardar, En: Tigris spiny eel. Diagnosis: The eel-like body with 30 – 35 short, sharp dorsal spines, long soft dorsal and anal fins and the unique flexible snout flanked by tubular nostrils distinguish this species from all other Iranian fishes. Meristic characters: D: XXX – XXXIII 68 – 90, A: III 70 – 90, P: 18 – 24, TV: 85 – 87. Distribution: Tigris and Persis (Fig. 459). Found in Lake Parishan, Shadegan Wetland, Zarivar Lake, Sarab Nilofar, Gamasiab, Talkhab, Chardavol, Chamkaran, Zemakan, Haramabad, Cholvar, Karon, Karkheh, Dez, Nahr-e Shavor, Cham, Marun, Zard and Jarahi rivers. Taxonomy: Travers (1984) placed in mastacembelus. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof 2014 v).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B29CC9FF6E57CD262DFEA2.taxon	description	Ophiocephalus aurantiacus Hamilton [F.] 1822: 69, 368; Type locality: Mountain stream near Goyalpara near northeastern frontier of Bengal, India. No types known. Ophicephalus gachua Hamilton [F.] 1822: 68, 367; Type locality: Ponds and ditches of Bengal. Syntypes:? BMNH 1858.8.15.54 (1),? BMNH 1858.8.15.144 (1). Ophicephalus marginatus Cuvier [G.] 1829: 230; Type locality: Vizagapattam, India. No types known. Non-types: MNHN 0000 – 2247 (4) Java, 0000 – 2248 (1) Indian seas, A – 0395 (1) Coromandel, A – 0396 (1) Java. Ophicephalus coramota Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831: 414; Type locality: Vizagapatam [Visakhapatnam], India. Ophicephalus fuscus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831: 414; Type locality: Mysore and Bengal, India. Syntypes: MNHN A – 0398 (1), A – 0623 (1). Ophicephalus montanus McClelland [J.] 1842: 583; Type locality: Baisoot, Jullalabad, Himalaya and Sadoa, Afghanistan. Syntypes: (2) BMNH 1843.2.25.59 (1, stuffed) Afghanistan. Ophiocephalus gachua var. basalis Günther [A.] 1861: 472; Type locality: East Indies. Syntypes: BMNH (2 or 3). Common name: Pr: Mahi sar mari, En: Dwarf snakehead. Diagnosis: The large head scales and elongate dorsal and anal fins are distinctive. Meristic characters: D: I 30 – 37, A: I 20 – 24, P: 13 – 16, LL: 39 – 47, TV:?. Distribution: Makran, Mashkid and Hamun-e Jaz Murian basins (Fig. 461). Reported from Dasht, Rakshan, Mashkid, Bampur, Sarbaz and Halil Rivers. Taxonomy: Roberts (1989) synonymized with Channa orientalis, Shrestha (1978) regard as valid and full species. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Chaudhry 2010 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B19CC8FCAE568C2309FEC2.taxon	description	Heros nigrofasciatus Günther [A.] 1867: 601; Type locality: Lake Amatitlán, Guatemala. Lectotype: BMNH 1865.4.29.76. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1865.4.29.77 (12) and. 78 (1, skeleton); ZMB 6882 (2). Common name: Pr: Cichlide Gore khari, En: Convict cichlid. Diagnosis: Two distal rows of interradial scales on anal fin, arms in the first epibranchial bone are parallel, posterior end of dentigerous arm of dentary rounded or squarish, peritoneal coloration is uniformly dark, rostrad directed pronounced convexity on the ventral process of the articular absent, 4 th bar not Y-shaped. Meristic characters: D: X – XII 10 – 11, A: III 8, P: 14 – 15, V: 5, LL: 42 – 45, GR: 12 – 15, TV:?. Distribution: Namak and Hormuz basins (Fig. 463). Found in Golabi and Soleyman Springs. Taxonomy: Lee et al. (1980) placed in Cichlasoma, Kullander and Hartel in Hartel (1997) in Archocentrus, Allgayer (2001) in Cryptoheros but Schmitter-Soto (2007) transferred to Amatitlania. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B09CCFFC9957CD2367FEC2.taxon	description	Acerina zllii Gervais [F. L. P.] 1848: 203; Type locality: Artesian well, Tuggurth, Algeria [North Africa]. Syntypes: MNHN (lost). Haligenes tristrami Günther [A.] 1860: 471; Type locality: Salt Lake and ditches of Tuggurt, Algeria. Syntypes: BMNH 1859.11.30.6 – 7 (2). Tilapia melanopleura Duméril [A. H. A.] 1861: 252; Type locality: Senegal. Holotype (unique): MNHN A – 9328. Chromis andreae Günther [A.] 1864: 492; Type locality: Lake Galilée, northern Israel. Syntypes: BMNH 1864.8.20.8 – 9 (3). Chromis coeruleomaculatus Rochebrune [A. T. de] 1880: 166; Type locality: Senegal. No types known. Chromis faidherbii Rochebrune [A. T. de] 1880: 167; Type locality: Senegal. No types known. Chromis menzalensis Mitchell [J. C.] 1895: 50; Type locality: Lake Menzaleh, Egypt. Syntypes: BMNH 1896.10.24.3 – 8 (6). Tilapia sparrmani multiradiata Holly [M.] 1928: 188; Type locality: Shari [Chari] River, near Fort Archambault, Chad. Syntypes: NMW 13736 – 51 (16). Tilapia shariensis Fowler [H. W.] 1949: 273; Type locality: Bahr Sara, tributary of Shari [Chari] River, near Fort Archambault [Sahr], Chad. Holotype: ANSP 71937. Common name: Pr: Tilapia shekam ghermez, En: Redbelly tilapia. Diagnosis: upper profile of head not convex, lower pharyngeal bone about as long as broad, and with anterior lamella shorter than toothed area, median pharyngeal teeth not broadened, dark longitudinal band appears on flanks when agitated, no bifurcated dark vertical bars on flanks, dorsal and caudal fins not or feebly blotched. Meristic characters: D: XIII – XVI 10 – 14, A: III – IV 8 – 10, P: 14 – 15, V: 5, LS: 29 – 31, TV: 28 – 29. Distribution: Tigris and Persis basins (Fig. 465). Found in Karun, Dez, Jarahi and Mond Rivers. Also foun in Shadegan and Hor Al Azim Wetlands as well as Howba spring. Taxonomy: Goren (1974) placed in Tilapia but Dunz and Schliewen (2013) transferred to Coptodon. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B79CCEFC8D57CD220AFD22.taxon	description	(Fig. 466) Iranocichla hormuzensis Coad [B. W.] 1982: 29; Type locality: Mehran River, Hormozdgan Province, southern Iran, 27 ° 04 ' N, 54 ° 35 ' E. Holotype: NMC 79 – 0408 A. Paratypes: BMNH 1981.1.12.1 – 2 (2); CAS 47324 (2); NMC 79 – 0139 (35), 79 – 0408 B (15); MNHN 1981 – 0107 to 0108 (2); ROM 36839 (1); UBC 81 – 1 (1). Iranocichla persa Esmaeili [H. R.], Sayyadzadeh [G.] & Seehausen [O.] 2016: 144; Type locality: Hormugzan province, Shur River approx. 30 km east of Bandar Abbas, Iran, 27 ° 17 ' 40.10 " N, 56 ° 29 ' 15.68 " E. Holotype: ZM-CBSU IP 66. Paratypes: FSJF, ZM-CBSU. Common name: Pr: Cichlid-e Hormuz, En: Hormuz cichlid. Diagnosis: Lower pharyngeal bone with circular dental. Scales scatter on cheek, operculum, belly, isthmus and area between pectoral and pelvic fin bases. Scales cycloid, with granular posterior circuli bearing rounded or irregular protuberances and single nostril opening on each side of the head. Meristic characters: D: XVI – XIV 9 – 11, A: VI – IX 11 – 12, P: 11 – 12, V: 5, LS: 17 – 29, TV: 28 – 30. Distribution: Hormuz and Makran basin (Fig. 467). Found in Mehran, Rudan, Khorgu and Shur Rivers. Taxonomy: According to Esmaeili et al. (2016 a) I. persa is distinguished from I. hormuzensis by differences between body colors such as: nuptial males color, developed or invisible Tilapia-mark in the dorsal fin and wavy bars or stripes on the caudal fin. We examined topotypes from the type locality of both nominal species, but we cannot find any diagnostic morphological characters differentiating them. Also, I. persa is distinguished from populations of I. hormuzensis with less than 0.2 – 0.4 % genetic distance (1 to 3 nucleotide substitution) in the COI barcode region from type localities. In our opinion the coloration pattern alone is not a good key character to describe a new species, especially in cases where the genetic distance is so small. Therefore, we treat I. persa as synonym of I. hormuzensis. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 2 b (i, ii, iii). This species is endemic to Makran and Hormoz. It meets the area requirements under criterion B for Endangered and it is known from few localities which are highly affected by the drought. However, continuing declines or extreme fluctuations in EOO, AOO, habitat quality or population size are possible but uncertain. The effects of drought on this species are unknown, so we classified it as Near Threatened B 2 b (i, ii, iii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B59CCDFF19574D2367FEA2.taxon	description	Chromis aureus Steindachner [F.] 1864: 229; Type locality: West Africa. Lectotype: NMW 32874. Paralectotypes: (several). Tilapia nilotica exul Steinitz [H.] 1951: 514; Type locality: Ein Feshkha, Dead Sea. Holotype: HUJ 1209. Paratypes: HUJ 1210 – 12 (3). Tilapia monodi Daget [J.] 1954: 344; Type locality: Diafarabé, Sudan and other localities. Syntypes: (55) MNHN 1954 – 0006 (1), 1960 – 0490 (6). Tilapia lemassoni Blache [J.] & Miton [F.] 1960: 217; Type locality: Lake Chad basin. Syntypes: MNHN 1959 – 0222 (2) Mare de Mbélé, lower Logone; CEPFL 1190 (1), 1194 (1), 1200 (1), 749 – 56 (8), 758 – 69 (12), 773 – 76 (4). Common name: Pr: Tilapi-e Abi, En: Blue tilapia, Israeli tilapia. Diagnosis: Males grow remarkably larger than females and possess much better developed finnage. Soft rays of dorsal and anal fin are longer in mature males, and sometimes the vermillion margin of the dorsal fin is thickened with reduced (but not closed) notches. Pelvic fins of males usually longer than those of females, reaching anus or genital papilla, and this difference is more pronounced in larger specimens, dorsal and anal fins pointed in males and rounded in females. Standard length and snout length are larger in males, while iris diameter, head length, predorsal length, prepelvic and preanal length are smaller in males. Males with one urogenital opening, females with 2 separate urinary and genital pores. Meristic characters: D: XVI – XIV 11 – 13, A: III 9 – 10, P: 13 – 14, V: 5, LS: 27 – 30, TV: 28 – 29. Distribution: Tigris basin (Fig. 469). Found in Karun, Arvand and Bahmanshir Rivers. Taxonomy: Lee et al. (1980) placed in Tilapia, but Krupp et al. (1989) transferred to Oreochromis. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE2B59CCCFCBA572D2309FE62.taxon	description	Perca nilotica Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 290; Type locality: Nile River. Holotype:? NRM LP 10. Chromis triacantha Bowdich [S. L.] 1825: 235; Type locality: Gambia River. No types known. Chromis guentheri Steindachner [F.] 1864: 228; Type locality: West Africa. Syntypes: (several) NMW 32598 (?). Tilapia eduardiana Boulenger [G. A.] 1912: 138; Type locality: Southeastern slope of Mt. Ruwenzori, Uganda, elevation 3,200 feet. Syntypes: BMNH 1907.4.20.21 – 26 (6). Tilapia cancellata Nichols [J. T.] 1923: 2; Type locality: kilometers west of Addagalla, Harar Province, Ethiopia, East Africa. Holotype: AMNH 8187. Paratypes: AMNH 8203 (2). Tilapia calciati Gianferrari [L.] 1924: 242; Type locality: River, Eritrea, Ethiopia. Holotype (unique): MSNM 59 [ex MSNM 4312]. Tilapia regani Poll [M.] 1932: 32; Type locality: Kissenyi, Lake Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Holotype: MRAC 20811. Paratypes: MRAC 20812 – 13 (2), 20995 – 97 (3), 21053 – 55 (3). Tilapia inducta Trewavas [E.] 1933: 317; Type locality: Lake Bunyoni, eastern Africa. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1933.2. 23.121. Tilapia vulcani Trewavas [E.] 1933: 315; Type locality: Crater Lake A of Central Island, Lake Rudolf [Lake Turkana], Kenya. Syntypes: (7) BMNH 1933.2.23.71 – 76 (7?). Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis Trewavas [E.] 1983: 177; Type locality: Baringo Lake, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1933.2.23.12. Paratypes: BMNH 1933.2.23.13 – 22 (10). Oreochromis niloticus filoa Trewavas [E.] 1983: 167; Type locality: Hot springs of the Awash System, Ethiopia. Holotype: BMNH 1905.7.25.98. Paratypes: BMNH 1905.7.25.99 (1), 1968.11.11.1 – 5 (6). Oreochromis niloticus sugutae Trewavas [E.] 1983: 179; Type locality: Soda Springs at Karpeddo, Suguta system, Kenya. Holotype: BMNH 1967.6.14.1. Paratypes: BMNH 1967.6.14.2 (1, allotype), 1967.6.14.3 – 13 (11), BMNH (13). Oreochromis niloticus tana Seyoum [S.] & Kornfield [I.] 1992: 2163; Type locality: Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Holotype: BMNH 1968.9.11.9. Additional material: (4). Common name: Pr: Tilapia-ye Nil, En: Nile tilapia. Diagnosis: Moderate mouth (length of lower jaw 29 – 37 % HL), genital papilla of breeding male not tessellated, most distinguishing characteristic is the presence of regular vertical bands throughout depth of caudal fin. Meristic characters: D: XV – XVII 10 – 14, A: III 8 – 11, P: 12 – 13, V: 6, LS: 30 – 33, TV: 29 – 30. Distribution: Persis basin (Fig. 471). Record from Dehkan and Hirm Wetlands. Taxonomy: Uyeno and Fujii in Masuda et al. (1985) placed in Tilapia but Ortega and Vari (1986) transferred to Oreochromis. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE34B9D33FF70556C235AFC42.taxon	description	Aphanius arakensis Teimori [A.], Esmaeili [H. R.], Gholami [Z.], Zarei [N.] & Reichenbacher [B.] 2012: 62; Type locality: Small pond, Namak Lake basin, 34 ° 00 ' N, 49 ° 50 ' E, 5 km southeast of the city of Arak, Iran, elevation 1,786 m. Holotype: ZM-CBSU 10999. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU 110000, 11051 – 11118 (70). Common name: Pr: Gormahi Arak, En: Arak tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Distinguished by distribution and by pigmentation, males having 12 – 19, commonly 15 – 16, flank bars and females with prominent pigmentation along the mid-flank. Clearly defined flank bars in males, a more prominent pigmentation along the flank added by relatively big blotches in the middle and posterior flank segments in females. Meristic characters: D: 11 – 14, A: 10 – 12, P: 14 – 18, V: 6 – 8, LS: 28 – 32, GR: 8 – 10, FB: 12 – 19. Distribution: Namak basin (Fig. 473). Found in Rude-e Shur and a natural pond near Arak city. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii) c (i, ii). The type locality of this species is completely dry at the moment; therefore, no living individuals is available there. The only confirmed population of this species is found in Rud-e Shur which is highly affected by industrial and city pollution in addition to severe drought. The flow of water in the river is interrupted in the summer creating small and isolated ponds with very high salinity levels. Based on the available information the species occur in less than 500 km 2 and in fewer than five localities; therefore, we classified it as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3489D30FF6B542C2238FD22.taxon	description	Aphanius farsicus Teimori [A.], Esmaeili [H. R.] & Reichenbacher [B.] 2011: 55; Type locality: Spring on the edge of Shiraz [Maharlu] Lake, southern Iran. Syntypes: ZSI F 9403 – 04 (2). Common name: Pr: Gormahi farsi, En: Fars tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Females of this species are barred where all other Aphanius species in this area of southern Iran have spotted females. The distribution is apparently limited to the Lake Maharlu basin near Shiraz. Meristic characters: D: 10 – 14, A: 10 – 12, P: 14 – 17, V: 5 – 7, LS: 23 – 29, GR: 9 – 13, FB: 10 – 16. Distribution: Lake Maharlu basin (Fig. 476). Found in Barm-e-Shur spring. Taxonomy: Teimori et al. (2011) show that Brachylebias persicus Priem, 1908, a Late Miocene species from northwest Iran, is distinct from the modern species and introduce A. farsicus as a replacement name for A. persicus (Jenkins, 1910). Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (i, ii, iii) c (i, ii). Populations of this species are affected highly by the recent years severe drought in the region, water extraction for agricultural use and water pollution. This species is only found in few localities (less than 5) in Lake Maharlu basin and its total area of occupancy do not exceed 500 km 2. Consequently, we classified it as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3489D36FCAE54AC26AAFDA2.taxon	description	Aphanius furcatus Teimori [A.], Esmaeili [H. R.], Erpenbeck [D.] & Reichenbacher [B.] 2014: 329; Type locality: Shur River, along road Bandar Abbas-Minab, 20 km east of Bandar Abbas, Hormuzgan Province, Iran, 27 ° 19 ' 37.6 " N, 56 ° 28 ' 10.2 " E, altitude 2 m. Holotype: ZM-CBSU 225. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU (14). Common name: Pr: Gormahi bedone polak, En: Scaleless tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Complete absence of scales, slightly forked caudal fin, males with dark pigmentation at the base of the four anterior dorsal rays and single row of tricuspid teeth with the two lateral cusps shorter than the middle one. Meristic characters: D: 9 – 12, A: 9 – 11, P: 12 – 15, V: 5 – 6, LS: 23 – 29, GR: 12 – 16, FB: 7 – 11. Distribution: Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 478). Found in Shur, Kol, Mehran and Khurgu Rivers as well as Faryab hot sulphuric springs in the Hormuzgan. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 2 b (i, ii, iii). The overall population size is unknown, but the species is usually abundant in areas where it occurs. Many populations occur in small temporary ponds where they are safeguarded against the majority of anthropogenic impacts, but some of these refugial or sanctuary areas remain vulnerable due to the general severe drought in the region and the water extraction for agricultural use. The species is also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change in the future. It has an EOO of 20,000 km 2 and an AOO of 2,000 km 2. The species does not currently meet the qualifying thresholds for any threat category, however, it is experiencing decline in quality of habitat and it has a restricted range, and so we classified it as Near Threatened B 2 b (i, ii, iii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE34E9D36FF78542C2333FE22.taxon	description	Common name: Pr: Gormahi Geno, En: Geno tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Distinguished from others by its locality and by having fewer total dorsal fin rays. Meristic characters: D: 4 – 7, A: 9 – 11, P: 13 – 17, V: 5 – 7, LS: 25 – 32, GR: 13 – 21, FB: 10 – 22. Distribution: Makran basin (Fig. 479). Just found in Ab Garm-e Ganow at 27 ° 26 ' 50 " N, 56 ° 18 ' 08 " E. Correct type locality of the species located in Makran basin and record from Hormuz basin is an error. Taxonomy: Coad (1980) placed in Aphanius. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 2 ab (iii). This species occurs only in one locality which is highly affected by tourism and related human activities (i. e., highly polluted water). The total area of occupancy of this species do not exceed 10 km 2. Consequently, we classified it as Critically Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE34E9D35FC9657AC224CFEA2.taxon	description	Aphanius isfahanensis Hrbek [T.], Keivany [Y.] & Coad [B. W.] 2006: 245; Type locality: Zayandeh Rud (Zayandeh River) at Varzaneh bridge, 32 ° 25 ' 32 " N, 52 ° 39 ' 14 E ", Isfahan Province, Iran. Holotype: CMNFi 2004 – 0001. Paratypes: AMNH 233639 (2); CMNFI 2004 – 0002 (36); MRAC 2004 – 05 – P – 01 – 02 (2). Common name: Pr: Gormahi Esfahan, En: Esfahan tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Distribution and color pattern identify this species. Males having distinct black edge on the dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins. The dorsal fin is covered with a high density of black blotches. Females having flank-bars rather than spots. Meristic characters: D: 11 – 14, A: 10 – 13, P: 13 – 16, V: 4 – 6, LS: 25 – 29, GR: 10 – 13, FB: 8 – 12. Distribution: Esfahan basin (Fig. 481). Just found at Varzaneh Bridge on the lower reaches of the Zayanadeh River. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Critically Endangered B 2 ab (iii). This species is only found in the lower parts of the Zayandehrud River. After the construction of a dam on this river, the lower parts and the Gavkhuni Marsh dried completely. The last individuals of this species are only found in a “ pond ” like environment around Varzaneh Bridge. Considering that the few individuals of this species are found only in one locality and its total occupancy is lower than 10 km 2, we classified it as Critically Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3439D3BFF6E54EC235AFC02.taxon	description	Aphanius shirini Gholami [Z.], Esmaeili [H. R.], Erpenbeck [D.] & Reichenbacher [B.] 2014: 132; Type locality: Paselari spring of the Khosroshirin spring-stream system, Khosroshirin Village, Abadeh City, Fars, uppermost reaches of Kor River Basin, 30 ° 53 ' 29.5 " N, 52 ° 00 ' 36.8 " E, Iran, altitude 2,327 m. Holotype: ZM-CBSU, ZG 151. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU, ZG 225, 267 – 273 (8). Common name: Pr: Gormahi Shirin, En: Shirin tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Males of A. shirini can be distinguished from those of all other Iranian species by having only 7 – 10 wide clearly defined white flank bars, which is the lowest number of white flank bars among the Iranian inland Aphanius species, and bright to yellowish anal fin without clear white margin. Both males and females distinguished from the other in Iran Iranian by having a significantly longer caudal peduncle and a smaller dorsal fin depth. Meristic characters: D: 10 – 12, A: 10 – 11, P: 15 – 16, V: 5 – 7, LS: 27 – 29, GR: 8 – 11, FB: 7 – 10. Distribution: Kor and Persis basins (Fig. 485). Found in from the Khosroshirin Stream in the uppermost reaches of the Kor River. According to Esmaeili et al. (2017) translocated to the Persis basin. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Endangered B 2 ab (iii) Populations of this species occurs exclusively in the Khosroshirin Stream, the Paselari Spring (the type locality) and Pahn Spring in Kor River Basin. The severe drought affecting the region, invasive species and population highly affect this species. Due to the occupancy area of this species being less than 500 km 2 and as it occurs in less than five localities, we classified it as Endangered.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3439D39FCB755CC24D9FD21.taxon	description	Lebias crystallodon Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 269; Type locality: Nemek- Deria Lake, below Schiraz, Iran. Holotype (unique): NMW 15175. Lebias punctatus Heckel [J. J.] 1847: 268; Type locality: Nemek- Deria or Salt Lake, flowing into the Saadi below Schiraz, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 15070 (5), 15156 (14), 59609 (6), 59837 (5), 76509 (7). Cyprinodon pluristriatus Jenkins [J. T.] 1910: 125; Type locality: East of Shiraz, stream running to Fussa [Fasa], southern Iran, elevation 5,000 feet. Syntypes: ZSI F 9408 – 9411 (4), F 9412 (?). Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad [B. W.] 2009: 150; Type locality: Khuzestan, canal branch of Karkheh River, 31 ° 40 ' N, 48 ° 35 ' E, Iran. Holotype: CMNFI 1979 – 0360 A. Paratypes: (37) at BMNH, CMNFI and ZISP. Aphanius kavirensis Esmaeili [H. R.], Teimori [A.], Gholami [Z.] & Reichenbacher [B.] 2014: 259; Type locality: Semnan, Damghan, Cheshmeh Ali Spring, Kavir Basin, 36 ° 16 ' 45.6 " N, 54 ° 05 ' 01.6 " E, Iran, altitude 1,569 m. Holotype: ZM-CBSU 9587 a. Paratypes: ZM-CBSU 9587 b, 9587 – 9600, 1141 – 1199, 11200 (74). Common name: Pr: Gormahi kor, En: Kor tooth-carp. Diagnosis: The large, dark, usually lozengeshaped spot at the caudal fin base in females with fine spotting on the flanks is distinctive. Meristic characters: D: 11 – 15, A: 10 – 11, P: 14 – 19, V: 5 – 6, LS: 25 – 31, GR: 10 – 13, FB: 10 – 21. Distribution: Kor and Persis basins (Fig. 487). Found in Maloosjan spring and Kor River. According to Esmaeili et al. (2017) translocated to the Persis basin. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Aphanius. A. sophiae complex in Iran comprises three species: A. pluristriatus (Jenkins 1910) which is described from a stream close to Fasa, Persis basin; A. mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 from Karkheh River, Tigris basin; and A. kavirensis Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami and Reichenbacher, 2014 from Cheshmeh Ali Spring, Kavir Basin. Coad (1991) considered A. pluristriatus as synonym of A. sophiae but Esmaeili et al. (2012) regarded it as a valid species. These species have a close genetic distance (See Esmaeili et al. 2014). Aphanius species usually present very diverse body form and coloration patterns. As an example, in a small population of A. sophiae, it is possible to find several color patterns and big differences between individuals. Or in another example, several coloration patterns of a single species are showed in Freyhof et al. (2017 b). These differences are higher in case of populations of the same species from different basins. In our opinion, A. pluristriatus, A. mesopotamicus and A. kavirensis with very low amount of genetic and morphological differences should be considered as the same species. Thus, we treat A. pluristriatus, A. mesopotamicus and A. kavirensis as synonym of A. sophiae. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species is widely distributed in Iran, occurs in more then 10 independent populations and is not believed to decline fast enough to qualify for a NT or a threatened category. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3419D3FFCB054AC267CFE81.taxon	description	Cyprinodon stoliczkanus Day [F.] 1872: 258; Type locality: Stream at the village Joorun and along edge of the Rann River, Lodai, India, 22 ° 30 ' N, 69 ° 20 ' E. Syntypes: (28) AMS B. 7730 – 31 (2), BMNH 1889.2.1.2065 – 2074 (orig. 21), ZSI 1477 – 78 (1, 1). Common name: Pr: Gormahi kor, En: Kor tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Males without any flank bars and caudal fin slightly emarginated. Meristic characters: D: 7 – 11, A: 6 – 10, P: 19 – 26, V: 5 – 7, LS: 26 – 30, GR: 13 – 18, FB: 12 – 23 (in Female). Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz, Makran and Mashkid basins (Fig. 489). Found in Mond, Irandegan, Rudan, Saravan, Dalaki, Sartang Rivers and Mir Ahmad hot spring. Taxonomy: Krupp (1983) placed as synonym of Aphanius dispar but Freyhof et al. (2017 b) regard as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. No major threat seems to affect the populations of this widespread species. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3479D3EFF13574C26AAFC22.taxon	description	Aphanius vladykovi Coad [B. W.] 1988: 115; Type locality: Large pool in Shahrestan-e Bakhtiari va Chahar Mahall, 3 km west of Boldaji, Iran, 31 ° 57 ' N, 51 ° 01 ' E, elevation about 2,380 m. Holotype: NMC 79 – 0247. Paratypes: NMC 79 – 0247 A (51), 79 – 0248 (1). Common name: Pr: Gormahi Veladykov, Gormahi Zagros, En: Veladykov’s tooth-carp, Zagros tooth-carp. Diagnosis: Higher number of normal sized lateral line scales (36 – 47) and Male with dark dorsal fin color. Meristic characters: D: 11 – 14, A: 11 – 13, P: 14 – 17, V: 5 – 8, LS: 36 – 47, GR: 10 – 12, FB: 9 – 14. Distribution: Tigris and Esfahan basins (Fig. 492). Found in Hozmahi, Behesht Abad and Shalamzar Rivers as well as Choghakhor and Gandoman Wetlands. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Near Threatened B 2 b (i, ii, iii). The type locality of this species has dried completely. Nowadays isolated populations of this species are found across its distribution range in small number. Recent years droughts, high water contamination and invasive species affect negatively its populations. It meets the area requirements under criterion B for Endangered. It is known from few locations. However, future declines in habitat quality or population size are possible but uncertain. The effects of agriculture developments, and invasive species on this species are not clear. Therefore, we classified it as Near Threatened B 2 b (i, ii, iii).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3469D3EFF51522D2485FB12.taxon	description	Gambusia holbrooki Girard [C. F.] (ex Agassiz) 1859: 62; Type locality: Palatka, eastern Florida, [Palatka, eastern Florida and Charleston, South Carolina], U. S. A. Lectotype: ANSP 6976. Paralectotypes: ANSP 6977 (1) Palatka, MCZ 35999 [ex USNM 8301] (5) Charleston, USNM 8301 (45). Haplochilus melanops Cope [E. D.] 1870: 457; Type locality: Neuse River basin, Wake County, North Carolina, U. S. A. Syntypes: ANSP 7143 (17). Zygonectes atrilatus Jordan [D. S.] & Brayton [A. W.] 1878: 84; Type locality: Neuse River near Goldsboro, North Carolina, U. S. A. Syntypes: BMNH 1880.1.21.48 (1), USNM 23464 (1). Gambusia modesta Ahl [E.] 1923: 220; Type locality: Mexico [erroneous]. Syntypes: ZMB 21004 (8). Gambusia myersi Ahl [E.] 1925: 42; Type locality: Mexico [erroneous]. Syntypes: ZMB 21004 (8). Common name: Pr: Gambusia, En: Eastern mosquitofish. Diagnosis: Males are easily recognized by the anal fin rays 3 – 5 being specially modified into an elongate gonopodium for intermittent fertilization. Also distinguished from G. affinis by 8 dorsal and 11 anal total fin rays (vs. 7 dorsal and 10 anal total fin rays). Meristic characters: D: 5 – 9 (7), A: 7 – 11 (10), P: 11 – 14, V: 5 – 8, LL: 26 – 33, GR:?, TV: 28 – 34. Distribution: Introduced widely elsewhere, found in all basins of Iran. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, NatureServe 2013 b), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3459D3DFC5C57CC23BDFB51.taxon	description	Atherina presbyter var. caspia Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831: 72; Type locality: Caspian Sea. No types known. Common name: Pr: Shishe mahi, Gol azin mahi, En: Big-scale sand smelt. Diagnosis: Eye diameter wider than snout length, two dorsal fins, cycloid scales, pectoral fin high on the flank and the vent remote from the anal fin. Meristic characters: D 1: V – X, D 2: I – II 11 – 14, A: I – II 13 – 16, P: 12 – 15, V: 5, LS: 50 – 57, GR: 24 – 29, TV: 45 – 48. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 496). Found in the lower reaches of rivers along the Caspian Sea basin. Taxonomy: Vasil’eva (1994) synonymized with Atherina boyeri but Esmaeili et al. (2010) regard as full species. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species occurs in various independent localities, in high population numbers and no known threat is affecting its populations. Therefore, we classified it as Least Concern.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3459D3DFF6C574C268AFB4D.taxon	description	Xiphophorus guntheri Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1896: 702; Type locality: Río Chisoy, basin of Río Usumacinta, Guatemala. Syntypes: BMNH 1864.1.26.185 (1), 1894.1.26.193 (1). Xiphophorus jalapae Meek [S. E.] 1902: 107; Type locality: Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Holotype: FMNH 3724. Paratypes:? BMNH 1905.12.6.512 – 520 and 591 – 600; CAS 22775 [ex IU 10953] (8), 22776 [ex IU 10992] (11); FMNH 3725 (97), 14465 (1), 72586 (13); UMMZ 162464 (10). Xiphophorus brevis Regan [C. T.] 1907: 65; Type locality: Stann Creek, Belize. Syntypes: BMNH 1890.9.8.18 – 19 (2). Xiphophorus strigatus Regan [C. T.] 1907: 65; Type locality: Veracruz and Oaxaca, southern Mexico. Syntypes:? BMNH. Xiphophorus rachovii Regan [C. T.] 1911: 373; Type locality: Porto Barrios between Lake Yzabal [Izabal] and Río Motagua, eastern coast of Guatemala. Syntypes: BMNH 1911.8.14.4 – 8 (6). Common name: Pr: Dom shamshiri, En: Swordtail, Green swordtail. Diagnosis: The swordtail is characteristic along with details of the gonopodium. Meristic characters: D: 11 – 15, A: 8 – 10, P: 12 – 15, V: 6, LL: 26 – 30, GR:?, TV: 30 – 31. Distribution: Persis and Namak basins (Fig. 494). Found in Cheshme Soleyman Spring and a Qanat near Jahrom town. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE35B9D23FF0E57CD2367FCA2.taxon	description	Mugil auratus Risso [A.] 1810: 344; Type locality: Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Common name: Pr: Kafal talayi, En: Golden grey mullet. Diagnosis: Head and anterodorsal flank scale having only one pit or groove (occasionally double), 6 – 11 pyloric caeca of about equal length or gradually becoming longer from ventral to dorsal, scales on the snout ending anteriorly as a single row of small scales, and the oral edge of the preorbital bone is moderately concave. The upper jaw reaches posteriorly to a level with the posterior nostril, the only species in the genus with this character. Young have two vertical dark lines at the origin of the caudal fin rays and a herring bone pattern on the flanks. Meristic characters: D 1: IV, D 2: I – II 6 – 9, A: III 7 – 10 (9), P: 13 – 17, V: 5, LS: 40 – 49, TV: 23 – 25. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 498). Found in the lower reaches of rivers along the Caspian Sea basin. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Mugil, Dor (1984) in Liza, Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2015 b) transferred to Chelon. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (under name Liza aurata (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 t), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE35A9D22FF73568C2309FDC2.taxon	description	Mugil saliens Risso [A.] 1810: 345; Type locality: Nice, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Liza saliens furcata Popov [A. M.] 1930: 72, 123; Type locality: Black Sea. No types known. Common name: Pr: Kafal-e poozeh barik, En: Leaping mullet. Diagnosis: Head and anterodorsal flank scale having 2 – 7 or more grooves (mostly 2 grooves), pyloric caeca in two groups, 3 – 5 short and 3 – 4 long (total 6 – 9), scales on the snout ending anteriorly as numerous rows of small scales, and the oral edge of the preorbital bone is deeply notched. Young lack the vertical dark lines at the origin of the caudal fin rays and the herring bone flank pattern seen in C. auratus. Meristic characters: D 1: III – IV, D 2: I – III (II) 6 – 9 (8 – 9), A: III – IV (III) 7 – 10 (9), P: 14 – 17, V: 5, LS: 42 – 50, TV: 23 – 25. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 500). Found in the lower reaches of rivers along the Caspian Sea basin. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Mugil, Dor (1984) in Liza, Senou et al. (1996) transferred to Chelon. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (under name Liza saliens (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 u), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE35A9D21FC9054CD266FFA67.taxon	description	Mugil vaigiensis Quoy [J. R. C.] & Gaimard [J. P.] 1825: 337; Type locality: Waigiou [Pulau Waigeo, Papua Barat Province, Indonesia, western Pacific]. Holotype (unique): MNHN A – 3641. Mugil macrolepidotus Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1830: 140; Type locality: Red Sea. Lectotype: SMF 3067. Paralectotypes:? BMNH 1845.10.29.57 (1), SMF 3081 (1), MNHN A – 0843 (1). Mugil melanochir Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 143; Type locality: Java, Indonesia; Guam, Mariana Islands, western Pacific. Syntypes: MNHN A – 0844 [ex RMNH] (1) Java, A – 3630 (1) Guam. Mugilrossii Bleeker [P.] 1854: 45; Type locality: Nova Selma, Cocos- Keeling Islands, Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): RMNH 1641. Mugil tegobuan Montrouzier [X.] 1857: 462 [184]; Type locality: Woodlark Island, South Pacific. No types known. Mugil occidentalis Castelnau [F. L.] 1873: 135; Type locality: Western Australia. Syntypes: MNHN A – 3654 (3), A – 3655 (3); NMV 51852 [= A 9732] (1) near Fremantle. Mugil ventricosus Castelnau [F. L.] 1875: 32; Type locality: Nicol Bay, Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia. Syntypes: MNHN A – 3725 (3). Common name: Pr: Biah, Mid, En: Squaretail mullet. Diagnosis: Back Olive-brown, flanks silvery and abdomen white or suffused pale. About six longitudinal stripes on flanks formed by longitudinal marks on scales, scales also with darkened margins giving slight chequered appearance to flanks, Iris with yellow patches, margins of fins dusky, otherwise yellowish white, caudal fin distinctly yellow, Pectoral fin completely black in small fish. Lower section yellowish in adults. No axillary scale visible in the pectoral fins, this species is uniquely characterized in this area of the northern Indian Ocean by the caudal fin being only slightly emarginate. All other local mullets have an obviously forked tail fin. Meristic characters: D 1: IV, D 2: I 7 – 9, A: III 8, P: 15 – 18, V: 5, LS: 24 – 29, TV:?. Taxonomy: Dor (1984) placed in Liza but Randall (1995) transferred to Ellochelon. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 502). Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Sparks 2017).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3599D27FC5F574C2495FCC1.taxon	description	Mugil cephalus Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 316; Type locality: European sea, Europe. Possible syntypes: NRM 43 (1), 44 (2), 143 (1). Mugil crenilabis our Forsskål [P. S.] 1775: 74, xiv; Type locality: [No locality stated] Red Sea. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P 71372 (dry skin). Mugil albula Linnaeus [C.] 1766: 520; Type locality: Jamaica and Bahamas. Syntypes: Linn. Soc. Lond. 139 (left half-skin). Mugil plumieri Bloch [M. E.] 1794: 173; Type locality: St. Vincent Island, West Indies. No types known. Mugil tang Bloch [M. E.] 1794: 171; Type locality: Red Sea. Lectotype: ZMB 1785. Paralectotypes: ZMB (1, missing). Mugil cephalus var. cestreo Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810: 33, 56; Type locality: Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Mugil cephalus var. chelone Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810: 33, 56; Type locality: Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Mugil cephalus var. myxone Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810: 33, 56; Type locality: Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Mugil provensalis Risso [A.] 1810: 346; Type locality: Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Mugil borbonicus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 113; Type locality: Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN A – 3660. Mugil cephalotus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 110; Type locality: Malabar and Puducherry, India. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 8102 (1) Malabar, A – 4645 (1, dry) Puducherry, A – 4698 (1, dry) Puducherry. Mugil ciliilabis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 151; Type locality: Lima, Peru. Syntypes: MNHN A – 3627 (7), A – 3628 (6, poor condition). Mugil constantiae Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 107; Type locality: Freshwaters near Constance. Syntypes: MNHN A – 3663 to 3664 (1, 1); ZMB 1832 [ex MNHN] (1). Mugil lineatus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Mitchill) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 96; Type locality: New York, U. S. A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 5485 (3). Mugil japonicus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1845: 134; Type locality: Nagasaki, Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D 1166 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D 1161 – 1165 (5, dry),? ZMB 7193 (1). Mugil rammelsbergii Tschudi [J. J. von] 1846: 20; Type locality: San Lorenzo Island, Peru. Syntypes:? MSNG 13911 [ex ZMB] (2); ZMB 1853 – 54 (1, 1). Mugil chaptalii Eydoux [J. F. T.] & Souleyet [F. A.] 1850: 171; Type locality: Hawaiian Islands. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 8100. Mugil berlandieri Girard [C. F.] 1858: 167; Type locality: St. Joseph Island, Indianola, Brazos Santiago, Brazos, Galveston, Texas, U. S. A. Syntypes: USNM 763 to 767 (4, 12, 5, 8, 12). Mugil dobula Günther [A.] 1861: 420; Type locality: Australia and Aneiteum, Vanuatu. Syntypes: (at least 11) BMNH 1844.2.15.51 – 52 (2, dry half skin), 1847.6.17.23 (1, dry half skin), 1848.10.25.30 (1, dry half skin), 1848.10.25.32 (1, stuffed), 1851.2.20.7 – 8 (2) Australia, Macgillwray coll., 1860.7.18.3 (1). Mugil ashanteensis Bleeker [P.] 1863: 91; Type locality: Ashantee, Guinea [now Ghana]. Holotype (unique): RMNH 1631. Myxus superficialis Klunzinger [C. B.] 1870: 831; Type locality: Al- Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Syntypes: MCZ 3813 (2); SMF 1869 (2 or 3); SMNS 1743 or 1738 (3); ZIN 2640 (2, lost); ZMB 10511 (1), 7999 (3). Mugil gelatinosus Klunzinger [C. B.] 1872: 35; Holotype (unique): SMNS 1563. Mugil mexicanus Steindachner [F.] 1875: 86 [58]; Type locality: Acapulco, western Mexico. Holotype (unique): NMW 67346. Mugil trichilus Vaillant [L. L.] & Sauvage [H. - E.] 1875: 281; Type locality: Hawaiian Islands. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 8073 (3), 0000 – 8074 (3), A – 0467 (2). Myxus caecutiens Günther [A.] 1876: 397; Type locality: Rodrigues Island, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Syntypes: BMNH 1876.3.11.31 – 32 (2). Mugil grandis Castelnau [F. L.] 1879: 386; Type locality: Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Mugil muelleri Klunzinger [C. B.] 1879: 259; Type locality: King George Sound, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): SMNS 2572 (not found, probably lost). Mugil tongae Günther [A.] 1880: 58; Type locality: Tongatabu, Tonga Islands, Polynesia. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1879.4. 14.497. Mugil marginalis De Vis [C. W.] 1885: 870; Type locality: Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Syntypes:? QM I. 121 (1), I. 9774 (1). Sparus cetaceus Cabrera y Corro [A.], Pérez [L.] & Hänseler [F.] in Graells 1887: 179; Type locality: Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Mugil hypselosoma Ogilby [J. D.] 1897: 74; Type locality: Port Jackson and Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Syntypes: (2) QM. Myxus barnardi Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & Thompson [W. W.] 1914: 83; Type locality: Durban Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): SAM 12428. Myxus flavus Mohr [E.] 1927: 182; Type locality: Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Lectotype: ZMH H 58. Paralectotypes: (4) ZMH H 395 (1). Myxus lepidopterus Mohr [E.] 1927: 181; Type locality: Peru. Holotype (unique): ZMH H 127 [ex ZMH 2704]. Myxus niger Mohr [E.] 1927: 183; Type locality: Lima, Peru. Lectotype: ZMH H 174. Paralectotypes: (2). Myxus tincoides Mohr [E.] 1927: 186; Type locality: Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U. S. A. Lectotype: ZMH H 72. Paralectotypes: ZMH H 172 (1). Mugil peruanus Hildebrand [S. F.] 1946: 424; Type locality: Independencia Bay, near La Lagunilla, Peru. Holotype: USNM 127877. Paratypes: (more than 100) BMNH 1949.5.18.5 – 8 [ex USNM] (4?), USNM 77563 (21), 775876 (5), 127877 – 84 (1, 51, 32, 9, 5, 1, 17, 9). Mugil catalarum Whitley [G. P.] 1951: 394; Type locality: La Foa, Bogny River, New Caledonia. Holotype (unique): AMS IB. 2242. Mugil galapagensis Ebeling [A. W.] 1961: 296; Type locality: Southeastern corner of Barrington Island, Galápagos Islands. Holotype: USNM 190589. Paratypes: SIO 55 – 256 (1), UCLA 55 – 314 (4), USNM 26683 (1). Common name: Pr: kafal-e sarpahn, biah-e sarpahn, En: Flathead grey mullet. Diagnosis: Distinguished from Chelon species by having only 2 pyloric caeca, adipose eyelid well-developed and covering most of pupil. Posterior end of the maxilla is straight rather than curved down behind the premaxilla and visible behind the corner of the closed mouth. Origin of first dorsal fin nearer to snout tip than to caudal fin base. 14 – 15 scale rows between origins of dorsal and pelvic fins. Meristic characters: D 1: IV, D 2: I – II 6 – 9 (8 – 9), A: III 7 – 9 (8), P: 14 – 17, V: 5, LS: 39 – 51, TV: 23 – 24. Distribution: Tigris, Makran and Caspian Sea (non-native) basins; possibly other coastal rivers in the Persian Gulf (Fig. 504). Taxonomy: Durand et al. (2012) indicate, based on molecular data, that this wide-ranging species may include up to 14 species so the Iranian taxon may eventually bear a distinct name. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Camara et al. 2017).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE35E9D24FC8E568C26B0FE62.taxon	description	Mugil subviridis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 115; Type locality: Ganges River, Malabar, India. Syntypes: MNHN A – 3649 (now 1) Mumbai, A – 3650 (1) Ganges, A – 3651 (1) Puducherry, 1990 – 0132 [ex MNHN A – 3649] (1);? ZMB [ex MNHN] 1834 (1) Mumbai. Mugil dussumieri Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836: 147; Type locality: Mumbai and Coromandel coast, India. Syntypes: MNHN A – 3634 (1) Coromandel, 1990 – 0134 [ex MNHN A – 3634] (2). Mugil ventricosus Richardson [J.] 1846: 249; Type locality: Canton, Chinese Sea. No types known. Mugil cantoris Bleeker [P.] 1853: 100; Type locality: Hooghly River, Calcutta, India. Syntypes: (5) RMNH 6402 (3). Mugil javanicus Bleeker [P.] 1853: 701. Mugil sundanensis Bleeker [P.] 1853: 265; Type locality: Benculen [Bengkulu], Sumatra; Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Syntypes: (8) RMNH 6387 (now 8),? BMNH 1880.4.21.162 – 163 (2). Mugil brachysoma Bleeker [P.] 1855: 399; Type locality: Pasuruan, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6387 (1 of 8). Mugil valenciennesii Bleeker [P.] 1858: 277; Type locality: East Indies. Syntypes: RMNH 6389 (3). Mugil nepalensis Günther [A.] 1861: 424; Type locality: Nepal. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1853.8. 16.25 (skin). Mugil meyeri Günther [A.] 1872: 439; Type locality: Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syntypes: BMNH 1872.3.12.25 – 26 (2). Mugil jerdoni Day [F.] 1876: 352; Type locality: Seas of India. Syntypes and / or Day specimens: AMS B. 7967 (1), B. 7983 (1, syntype); BMNH 1889.2.1.3702 – 05 (4); FMNH 8238 (1); NMW 67694 (1); ZIN 8238 (1); ZSI F 14044 – 05 (4), F 2909 (1, dry, destroyed). Mugil alcocki Ogilby [J. D.] 1908: 21; Type locality: Madras, India. Mugil stevensi Ogilby [J. D.] 1908: 19; Type locality: Gold Island, Rockhampton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): QM I. 774. Mugil tadopsis Ogilby [J. D.] 1908: 27; Type locality: Brisbane market, Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Syntypes: (3) QM I. 1570 (1). Mugil lepidopterus Fowler [H. W.] 1918: 9; Type locality: Philippines. Holotype (unique): ANSP 47483. Mugil ogilbyi Fowler [H. W.] 1918: 5; Type locality: Philippines. Holotype: ANSP 47479. Paratypes: ANSP 47480 (1). Mugil philippinus Fowler [H. W.] 1918: 7; Type locality: Philippines. Holotype: ANSP 47481. Paratypes: ANSP 47482 (1). Mugil ruthveni Fowler [H. W.] 1918: 3; Type locality: Philippines. Holotype (unique): ANSP 47478. Mugil medius Machan [B.] 1931: 221; Type locality: Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Common name: Pr: Biah, kafal posht sabz, En: Greenback mullet. Diagnosis: Dark greenish dorsally, brownish over head, white ventrally, 3 – 6 indistinct, dark stripes along upper rows of scales, greyish dorsal fins, caudal fin bluish with black margin, Yellowish pectoral fin and may have a blue spot at fin origin. The preorbital bone does not occupy the whole space between the eye and upper lip as in all other mullets. Meristic characters: D 1: IV, D 2: I 8 – 9 (8), A: III 8 – 9 (9), P: 14 – 17, V: 5, LS: 27 – 32, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Hormuz and Makran basins (Fig. 509). Taxonomy: Dor (1984) placed in Liza, Randall (1995) in Chelon, but Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2015 b) transferred to Planiliza. Conservation: IUCN: Not Evaluated, PC: Least Concern. This species occurs in various independent populations across its distribution range and has no major widespread threats.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE35C9D2BFC8A57CC2638FBF7.taxon	description	Acanthopagrus arabicus Iwatsuki [Y.] 2013: 83; Type locality: Western Coast of Qatar (market specimen). Holotype: MUFS 33840. Paratypes: MUFS 19109 (1), 19123 – 24 (2), 19568 (1), 27226 (1), 25800 – 805 (6), 33839 (1). Common name: Pr: Shanake Arabi, En: Arabian yellowfin seabream. Diagnosis: Body generally deep (young specimens) but becoming slender (larger adults), 2.1 – 2.7 (mean 2.4), first soft dorsal-fin ray slightly longer than last dorsal fin spine. Pelvic, anal and caudal fins mostly whitish yellow to strong vivid yellow, except contrasting lower yellow margin on caudal fin. Black bands near anal fin base on inter-radial membranes between anal-fin rays. Inter-radial membranes without black blotches between dorsal fin rays, weak diffuse dark blotch at origin of lateral line (usually covering region of first pored lateral-line scale) continuing as relatively dense blackish shading on upper part of posterior opercle. Meristic characters: D: X – XII 10 – 11, A: III 8, P: 14 – 15, V: 5, LL: 42 – 45, GR: 12 – 15, TV:?. Distribution: Tigris, Persis, Makran and Hormuz basins (Fig. 511). Maybe presence in costal basins. Reported from Arvand, Karun, Helleh, Mond and Shur Rivers as well as Qeshm Island. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Iwatsuki et al. 2014).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3539D2AFC5D57CC266EFD61.taxon	description	Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 289; Type locality: Europe. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.3 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin), LS 1 (right half-skin). Perca vulgaris Schrank [F. von P.] 1792: 99; Type locality: Regensburg, Germany. Syntypes (?): ZSM [old collection] destroyed in WWII if present then. Perca italica Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828: 45; Type locality: Bologna, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 6570 (2). Perca vulgaris Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] 1832: 331; Type locality: Regensburg, Germany; Austria; rivers Danube, Leytha and Schwarza; Lake Traunsee; Austria. No types known. Perca helvetica Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854: 113; Type locality: Near Basil, Switzerland. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.2 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Perca fluviatilis var. macedonica Karaman [S.] 1924: 79; Type locality: Vadar River at Veles, Lake Dojran, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (several) IEBMT. Perca fluviatilis zaissanica Dianov [P. A.] 1955: p. uncertain.; Type locality: Lake Zaissan, Kazakhstan. No types known. Perca fluviatilis intermedius Svetovidov [A. N.] & Dorofeeva [E. A.] 1963: 638; Type locality: Kolyma River, Siberia, Russia. Holotype: ZIN 23998. Common name: Pr: Suf-e haji Tarkhan, Hashtarkhan suf, En: European perch. Diagnosis: Caudal, pelvic and anal fins orangeyellow to red, posterior part of first dorsal fin with black blotch, and flank with 5 – 8 bold black bars, usually Y-shaped, first dorsal fin gray, black spot at the tip, second dorsal greenish-yellow, first dorsal fin markedly higher than the second. Caudal fin emarginated. Meristic characters: D 1: XVI – XIV, D 2: II 13 – 14, A: II 8 – 10, P: 11 – 13, V: 5, LL: 59 – 61, GR: 23 – 25, TV: 40 – 42. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 513). Found in Anzali wetland and Sefidrud River. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 aa).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3529D29FCE1574D2322FE42.taxon	description	Perca lucioperca Linnaeus [C.] 1758: 289; Type locality: European lakes. No types known. Centropomus sandat Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802: 248, 255; Type locality: unknown. Lucioperca sandra Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828: 110; Type locality: Cuvier specimens: MNHN 0000 – 0570 (1), 0000 – 6620 (3), 0000 – 6621 (1). Lucioperca linnei Malm [A. W.] 1877: 381; Type locality: Sweden. Regarded as an unneeded replacement name for Perca lucioperca Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid “ Strickland tautonomy ”). Common name: Pr: Soof, Soofe ordaki, En: Zander. Diagnosis: Similar to S. marinus but can be identify by the dorsal fins being close together, obviously much less than the eye diameter apart, the anal fin spines are not closely joined to the soft rays, the interorbital width is less than, or equal to, the vertical eye diameter in adults, the upper jaw extends rearwards on a level behind the posterior eye margin in adults (under the rear of the eye in young), there are usually more than 18 soft rays in the dorsal fin, and the spiny dorsal fin bears large spots. Meristic characters: D 1: XIII – XIV, D 2: I – IV 20 – 23, A: I – III 11 – 13, P: 11 – 13, V: 5, LL: 82 – 91, GR: 10 – 17, TV: 45 – 48 (46). Distribution: Native population found in Caspian basin, but translocated to Tigris, Urmia Lake, Kor and Namak basins (Fig. 515). Record from whole Caspian coastal plain i. e., Anzali wetland, Aras, Sefidrud, Mahabad chay, Ahar chay, Mardogh, Qomrud and Marivan Rivers. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Lucioperca, Collette and Bănărescu (1977) in Stizostedion and (Bogutskaya 1996) placed in Sander. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ak).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3519D28FC57578D25A3FC82.taxon	description	Perca lucioperca minor Forster [J. R.] 1767: 355; Type locality: Volga River, Russia. No types known. Lucioperca marina Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828: 120; Type locality: Black Sea; Sea of Azov. No types known. Common name: Pr: Soofe Daryayi, En: Stuarine perch, Sea pikeperch, Sea zander. Diagnosis: Distinguished from S. lucioperca by dorsal fins being well-separated, (distance between fins less than eye diameter), anal fin spines are weak and closely joined to the soft rays, eye diameter smaller than interorbital width in adults. The upper jaw extends back level with the posterior pupil edge or almost to the posterior eye edge in adults, the dorsal fin soft rays are 18 or less, and the spiny dorsal fin lacks large spots. Meristic characters: D 1: XIV – XII, D 2: I – IV 12 – 18, A: II – IV 9 – 12, P: 12 – 15, V: 5, LL: 79 – 82, GR: 12 – 15, TV: 38 – 44. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 517). Found in Caspian Sea shore. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) placed in Lucioperca, Collette and Bănărescu (1977) in Stizostedion and (Bogutskaya 1996) placed in Sander. Conservation: IUCN: Data Deficient (ver. 2.3) (World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996 b).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3509D2EFCEC570D2485FEC2.taxon	description	Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792: 450; Type locality: New York, U. S. A. Apparently an unneeded new name for Gasterosterus bispinosus Walbaum 1792. Gasterosteus teraculeatus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801: 295, 296; Type locality: Kamchatka, Russia. Unneeded new name for Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758. Gasteracanthus cataphractus Pallas [P. S.] 1814: 229. Gasterosteus argyropomus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 498; Type locality: Florence, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 0677 (3). Gasterosteus brachycentrus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 499; Type locality: Florence, Italy. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 0694 (3), 0000 – 7097 (2); SMF 1181 [ex MNHN] (1). Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier [G.] (ex Willughby) 1829: 170; Type locality: England and northward; France. No types known. Gasterosteus leiurus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 481, 487; Type locality: France; Germany. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 7088 (3), 0000 – 7151 (7). Gasterosteus niger Cuvier [G.] 1829: 170; Type locality: Terre Neuve, eastern Canada. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 3057 (2). Gasterosteus noveboracensis Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 502; Type locality: New York, U. S. A. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 7074. Gasterosteus obolarius Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 500; Type locality: Kamchatka, Russia. Gasterosteus semiarmatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 493; Type locality: Le Havre and Braie River near Abbeville, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 2347 (1), 0000 – 2348 (1), 0000 – 7078 (3). Gasterosteus semiloricatus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 494; Type locality: Somme River, environs de Paris, Oise, Rochelle, Normandie, Caen, Hable d’Ault, Treport, Berlin. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 2347 (1). Gasterosteus tetracanthus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 499; Type locality: Florence, Italy. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 1821. Gasterosteus trachurus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829: 481, 487; Type locality: France; Germany. Syntypes:? NMW 6918 (1). Gasterosteus spinulosus Yarrell [W.] (ex Jenyns) 1835: 350; Type locality: Edinburgh, Scotland. No types known. Gasterosteus dimidiatus Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1837: 114, 137, 193; Type locality: Greenland. Syntypes: ZMUC. Gasterosteus loricatus Reinhardt [J. C. H.] 1837: 114, 193 [32, 111]; Type locality: Greenland. No types known. Gasterosteus biarmatus Krynicki [J.] in Nordmann 1840: 381; Type locality: Lagoons near Tarkanckut, Crimea. No types known. Gasterosteus ponticus Nordmann [A. von] 1840: 380, 613; Type locality: Tauria, Black Sea. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 7098 (3), NMW 77244 (4). Gasterosteus neoboracensis DeKay [J. E.] 1842: 66; Type locality: New York, U. S. A. No types known. Gasterosteus nemausensis Crespon [J.] 1844: 283; Type locality: Nîmes, France. No types known Gasterosteus quadrispinosa Crespon [J.] 1844: 283; Type locality: Vistre River and ditches around Nîmes, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Gasterosteus cuvieri Girard [C. F.] in Storer 1850: 254; Type locality: Bras d’Or and Red Bay, Labrador, Canada. Non-types: MCZ 32812 (100), USNM 120288 [ex MCZ 32812] (6). Gasterosteus inopinatus Girard [C. F.] 1854: 147; Type locality: A fresh water lagoon about 1 mile back of Presidio, California, U. S. A. Syntypes: MCZ 6701 (1), MNHN 0000 – 0300 [ex USNM] (2). Gasterosteus plebeius Girard [C. F.] 1854: 147; Type locality: Salt marshes about Presidio, California, U. S. A. Syntypes and / or Girard specimens: FMNH 6038 (4) Petaluma, MCZ 6706 (6) Petaluma, California, MNHN 0298 [ex USNM] (8) Petaluma;? UMMZ 146720 or 146721 (1). Gasterosteus microcephalus Girard [C. F.] 1854: 133; Type locality: Tule Lake, San Joaquin Valley, California, U. S. A. Syntypes: ANSP 14275 – 87 (13), 14288 – 89 (2, missing); MNHN 0000 – 0302 [ex USNM] (1); UMMZ 146720 (4). Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard [C. F.] 1854: 133; Type locality: Upper part of Santa Clara River, Soledad Canyon, Los Angeles County, California, U. S. A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 0303 [ex USNM] (1), USNM 340 (now 1). Gasterosteus dekayi Ayres [W. O.] 1855: 48; Type locality: Based on Gasterosteus biaculeatus of DeKay. Gasterosteus insculptus Richardson [J.] 1855: 356; Type locality: Northumberland Sound, western Greenland. Holotype (unique):? BMNH. Gasterosteus serratus Ayres [W. O.] 1855: [2] col. 6; Type locality: San Francisco, California, U. S. A. Holotype (unique): apparently lost. Non-types: MNHN 0299 [ex USNM] (1). Gasterosteus intermedius Girard [C. F.] 1856: 135; Type locality: Cape Flattery, Washington, U. S. A. Gasterosteus pugetti Girard [C. F.] 1856: 135; Type locality: Fort Steilacoom, Puget Sound, Washington, U. S. A. Gasterosteus argentatissimus Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 232; Type locality: Brooks near Avignon, France. Syntypes: BMNH 1883.7.4.5 – 10 [ex MNHN] (6?); MNHN 0000 – 6675 (6), 6678 (8 + 10); USNM 21140 [ex MNHN] (5). Gasterosteus bailloni Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 231; Type locality: Abbeville, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 7151 (7), 0000 – 7153 (12). Gasterosteus elegans Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 234; Type locality: Between Cadillac and Langon, Gironde, southwestern France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 6673 (2). Gasterosteus neustrianus Blanchard [C. E.] 1866: 220; Type locality: Brooks in Harfleur and Gournay, France. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 7114 (1). Gasterosteus algeriensis Sauvage [H. - E.] 1874: 17; Type locality: Algeria. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 5123 (4). Gasterosteus suppositus Sauvage [H. - E.] 1874: 11; Type locality: New York, U. S. A. Gasterosteus texanus Sauvage [H. - E.] 1874: 15; Type locality: Texas, U. S. A. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000 – 7076. Gasterosteus atkinsii Bean [T. H.] 1879: 67; Type locality: Schoodic Lakes, Maine, U. S. A. Syntypes: USNM 22492 (6, now 5). Gastrosteus hologymnus Regan [C. T.] 1909: 436; Type locality: Rome, Italy. Syntypes: BMNH (5). Gasterosteus santaeannae Regan [C. T.] 1909: 437; Type locality: Colton, Santa Ana River, California, U. S. A. Syntypes: BMNH (3). Gasterosteus williamsoni japonicus Franz [V.] 1910: 19; Type locality: Misaki, Japan. Syntypes: ZSM [old collection] (2) destroyed in WWII. Common name: Pr: Sekhare, En: Threespine stickleback. Diagnosis: 3 strong dorsal spines, strong pelvic fin spine with a single cusp at the base and the row of plates along the flank are distinctive. Meristic characters: D 1: II – IV (III), D 2: I 7 – 14, A: I 6 – 13, P: 8 – 11 (10), V: 1, PF: 30 – 37, GR: 14 – 27, TV: 27 – 36. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin, also maybe found Kavir and Hari basins (Fig. 519). Found in the lower reaches of rivers along the Caspian Sea basin. Some researchers reported this species from the middle to upper Kashafrud and the upper Kal Shur River but we never found any individual of this species from the reported localities. Taxonomy. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Native population, NatureServe 2015), PC: Non-native, Not Applicable.	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
726C87BDE3569D2DFCE457CD2644FD81.taxon	description	Gasterosteus platygaster Kessler [K. F.] 1859: 202; Type locality: Odessa and side arm of Dnieper River in Aleschki, Ukraine. Syntypes: BMNH 1897.7.5.2 [ex ZIN] (2), ZIN 2350 - 51 (6, 6 +). Gasterosteus pungitius var. kessleri Yakovlev [V. E.] 1870: 110 [10]; Type locality: Lakes near Astrakhan, Volga River Delta, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Gasterosteus pungitius var. niger Yakovlev [V. E.] 1870: 110 [10]; Type locality: Lakes near Astrakhan, Volga River Delta, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Gasterosteus platygaster var. aralensis Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 4; Type locality: Aral Sea and mouth of Amu Darya River, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: ZIN 3712 (3). Gasterosteus platygaster var. caucasicus Kessler [K. F.] 1877: 3; Type locality: Transcaucasia. Syntypes: ZIN 2401 (12 +). Gasterosteus platygaster var. danubica Steindachner [F.] 1899: 542 [4]; Type locality: Danube swamps near Negotin, Srebia; Save [Sava] River at Belgrad, Serbia. Syntypes: NMW 6823 (6). Pygosteus platygaster nuda Berg [L. S.] (ex Nikolskii) 1905: 218; Type locality: Lake Charkal, Ural River basin, Russia. Syntypes: ZIN 10613. Common name: Pr: Nohkhare, En: Southern ninespine stickleback. Diagnosis: Side of caudal peduncle without keel and dorsal fin with 8 – 11 spines. Meristic characters: D: VIII – IX 6 – 11, A: 6 – 10, P: 9 – 11 (10), V: I 0 – 1, PF: 22 – 34, GR: 7 – 13, TV: 28 – 35. Distribution: Caspian Sea basin (Fig. 521). Reported from Anzali Wetland. Taxonomy: Berg (1949) place in Pungitius. Conservation: IUCN: Least Concern (Freyhof and Kottelat 2008 ae).	en	Jouladeh-Roudbar, Arash, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Doadrio, Ignacio (2020): Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment. Zoological Studies 59 (21): 1-14, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2020.59-21, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12822184
