taxonID	type	description	language	source
715E87B3FFF8FFAFFF0CFA7AFA74D0B8.taxon	discussion	The earliest species of Liothrips recorded from China (Taiwan) were malloti, malloti var. flavicornis and terminaliae by Moulton (1928 a), of which the first two are now treated as synonyms of L. brevitubus, and the third has been transferred to Liophloeothrips (Priesner 1968) (Wang & Lin 2020). Additionally, Moulton (1928 a; 1928 b) described several species in Gynaikothrips from Taiwan, of which three are now placed in Liothrips, L. kuwayamai, L. takahashii and L. kuwanai, of which the latter was synonymised with L. pallipes by Mound (2020). Zhang studied thrips specimens collected from southern China, among which five valid species of Liothrips were recorded (Zhang 1984; Zhang et al. 1999). Finally, Han focused on southwest part of China, and described seven valid species (Han 1988, 1993, 1997 a, 1997 b). After that, no one tried to review this large genus across China, until 2020, when 12 species were recorded from Taiwan including two new species (Wang & Lin 2020). Based on the above studies, we here try to clarify the diversity of this genus in China including 33 species in total, of which five are known only from Taiwan (Table S 1).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF8FFAFFF0CFA7AFA74D0B8.taxon	diagnosis	Generic diagnosis: Medium sized, usually dark and macropterous. Antennae 8 - segmented, VIII much shorter than VII (Figs 31 – 40), and broad at base, III – IV with one and three major sense cones respectively (Figs 22 – 30, 41), IV rarely with two. Head length various, ranged from broader than long to about twice as long as wide (Figs 1 – 13, 15 – 21); usually transversely striate or weakly reticulate; usually with one pair of long postocular setae (rarely 2 or 0); eyes well-developed; maxillary stylets retracted halfway to postocular setae or eyes, close together or wide apart. Pronotum usually with 5 pairs of major setae (Figs 42 – 46, 49 – 52), sometimes am or aa or pa reduced (Figs 47, 48), rarely only epim developed, notopleural sutures complete; basantra absent, ferna large, mesopresternum transverse or divided into two triangles (Figs 53 – 58, 61 – 68); metathoracic sternopleural sutures usually well developed (Figs 66 – 68), rarely absent. Fore tarsal tooth absent in both sexes; fore wings not constricted medially, usually with many duplicated cilia. Pelta triangular (Figs 69 – 87), tergites II – VII each with 2 pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae; IX with setae S 1 and S 2 usually long and pointed (Figs 97 – 102); tube usually shorter than head, anal setae usually as long as tube or shorter. Male sternite VIII usually with large pore plate (Figs 91, 94 – 96), rarely small or absent, sometimes tergite VIII with a pair of pore plate as well (Figs 92, 93).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF6FFAEFF0CF92FFF01D791.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 22, 42)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF6FFAEFF0CF92FFF01D791.taxon	discussion	This species was described from Java, and subsequently recorded from Fujian and Hainan, China (Zhang et al. 1999) but with no description. These records were later repeated by Mirab-balou (2011), but with no additional information. No slides have been studied here from the collections of South China Agricultural University (Zhang et al. 1999), but one female and one male from Hong Kong are here identified as this species, taken on Gnetum luofuense — the same plant genus as for the syntype listed below. In contrast to the syntype female, the Hong Kong specimens have the sense cones on the antennal segments elongate, about 2 / 3 as long as their segments, and the postocular setae shorter than the eyes, whereas the syntype has the sense cones less than half the length of their segments (Fig. 22), and the postocular setae as long as the eyes (Fig. 1).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF6FFAEFF0CF92FFF01D791.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Hong Kong, one female and one male on Gnetum luofuense, 30. xi. 2005, Martin J. H. (ANIC). INDONESIA, Java, Syntype female on Gnetum latifolium, 26. ix. 1918, Docters van Leeuwen T. (SMF).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFF6FFC75D52C.taxon	description	(Figs 53, 96)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFF6FFC75D52C.taxon	discussion	This species was described from Hainan and Hong Kong, China, taken from galls on Aporosa octandra. Due to its long maxillary stylets, that are close together in the head, and the presence of five pairs of rather small pronotal major setae with knobbed apices, this species was associated initially with Psephenothrips. Members of that genus, however, are characterized by the following features: (1) antennal segment VIII elongate and constricted at base, (2) mesopresternum transverse and protruding medially, (3) metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation and (4) sternite VIII in males without a pore plate. In contrast, this species has the following character states: (1) antennal segment VIII short and broadly joined to VII, (2) mesopresternum eroded medially and (3) metanotum sculptured with longitudinal reticulation (Fig. 53). Moreover, (4) the males from Guangdong listed below have a large pore plate as in males of Liothrips (Fig. 96). Furthermore, three of the new species described in this study have a very short head similar to L. aporosae and they all have typical characters states of Liothrips (L. populi sp. n., L. brevis sp. n. and L. longistylus sp. n.). Therefore, aporosae is placed here as a new combination in Liothrips.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFF6FFC75D52C.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Hainan, 1 female, 7. iv. 1958, Xiangling Meng (NZMC); Guangdong, Guangzhou, 2 males on Symplocos laurina, 14. v. 1958, Xiangling Meng (NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFC99FB39D31B.taxon	description	(Figs 2, 52, 69)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFC99FB39D31B.taxon	discussion	This species was described from Tibet, China from a holotype male and 13 paratypes including two females and 11 males taken from leaves of an unknown tree. In the original description there was no mention of a pore plate on sternite VIII of males, but all of the type specimens were checked here and the males do not have a pore plate. This species has one pair of postocular setae (Fig. 2) like other Liothrips, whereas the original drawing indicated the presence of two pairs (Han 1988, fig. 4). With the mid and hind tibiae dark brown but yellow at base and apices, this species is easily differentiated from other Chinese Liothrips species.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFC99FB39D31B.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Tibet, Bomi County, holotype male, from leaves of an unknown tree, 6. ix. 1973, F. S. Huang (NZMC); paratypes: two females and 11 males with same data as holotype (NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFA80FB5DD104.taxon	description	(Figs 70, 97)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFA80FB5DD104.taxon	discussion	Described from Sichuan, Southern China, this species is unusual in having only the epimeral setae well developed on the pronotum, the other setae especially the pa being minute. The sculpture on the metanotum is not typical of Liothrips, with thick longitudinal striae medially and polygonal reticulation laterally (Fig. 70). This was not mentioned in the original description. A pore plate cannot be observed on sternite VIII of the only available male because the specimen is squashed and contaminated. The antennae, head and fore wings are similar to the females and there is no fore tarsal tooth.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF4FFADFF0CFA80FB5DD104.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Sichuan, Moxi, Luding County, holotype female on Tsuga chinensis, 9. vi. 1983, Yunqi Cui (NZMC); paratypes 8 females and 1 male with the same data as holotype (NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF5FFABFF0CFF6FFEE7D4F1.taxon	description	(Figs 9, 23, 56, 71, 98) Female macroptera. Body brown; all femora brown, fore tibiae clear yellow, mid and hind tibiae brown with extreme apices yellow, all tarsi yellow; antennal segments I brown, II brown at base and lateral margins, apical half yellow, III – VI uniform yellow, VII – VIII lightly brown; major setae dark; fore wing shaded with light brown. Head as long as wide, genae convex (Fig. 9); postocular setae blunt, slightly shorter than eyes; eyes equal dorsally and ventrally; maxillary stylets about 0.25 of head width apart, retracted to level of postocular setae (Fig. 9); mouth cone bluntly pointed, reaching to level of posterior margin of ferna. Antennal segment III about twice as long as apical width (Fig. 23); IV with 3 major sense cones, VIII small but distinct from VII. Pronotum transverse, with 5 pairs of long blunt setae, am slightly longer than aa; surface almost smooth, with weak sculpture near margins. Fore femora not enlarged. Fore wing with 3 blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, almost equal in length, with about 10 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, blunt. Metanotum sculptured with longitudinal stripes, major setae slender and acute. Mesopresternum paired lateral triangles weakly connected medially (Fig. 56), metathoracic sternopleural sutures short. Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with a pair of CPS (Fig. 71); tergite II with 3 pairs of lateral setae; tergite VIII posterolateral setae well-developed, slightly shorter than posteroangulars; tergite IX setae S 1 – S 3 about as long as tube, acute at apex (Fig. 98); tube shorter than head, anal setae about as long as tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 2310. Head length (maximum width) 200 (210); postocular setae length 80; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 40 (40), 45 (35), 65 (35), 60 (40), 60 (35), 60 (35), 55 (30), 30 (15); sense cone on III length 25. Pronotum length (width) 150 (285); am 60, aa 50, ml 75, epim 95, pa 105. Fore wing length 840; sub-basal setae S 1 70, S 2 70, S 3 80. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 80; tergite IX setae S 1 180, S 2 180, S 3 160; tube length 180, basal width 95, apical width 45; anal setae length 160. Male macroptera. Similar to female in colour and sculpture; abdominal tergite IX setae S 2 short and acute; sternite VIII largely occupied by pore plate. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 2240. Head length (maximum width) 200 (225); postocular setae length 75. Pronotum length (width) 125 (275); am 45, aa 30, ml 60, epim 100, pa 95. Tergite IX setae S 1 180, S 2 35, S 3 190; tube length 175, basal width 100, apical width 55; anal setae length 165. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Guangxi, Chongzuo, Daxin, taken on leaves of unknown tree, 25. vii. 2021, Xia Wang (SNUT). Paratypes: 1 female with same data as holotype (SNUT); Yunnan, 2 males on leaves of unknown tree, 6. v. 1980, Tiesen Zhong (NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF5FFABFF0CFF6FFEE7D4F1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species name refers to the short head.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF5FFABFF0CFF6FFEE7D4F1.taxon	discussion	Comments. Liothrips brevis sp. n. is one of four species among the Chinese Liothrips that have the head short. It is similar to L. longistylus sp. n. and L. aporosae in having an elongate mouth cone and the postocular setae well-developed. But they can be distinguished by the sculpture of the metanotum and the antennal coloration as in the above key.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF2FFABFF0CFCE6FDCFD25B.taxon	discussion	Described from Java, Indonesia, with two subsequent synonyms from Taiwan taken on Mallotus sp., this species was redescribed by Wang and Lin (2020) based on many specimens from Taiwan.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF2FFABFF0CFCE6FDCFD25B.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Taiwan, Taihoku, 3 females, 5. ii. 1928, R. Takahashi (SMF). [note: probably collected with the malloti holotype]	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF2FFABFF0CFB41FB37D3BE.taxon	discussion	Described from Taiwan on grasses, this species was distinguished by Wang and Lin (2020) from typical Liothrips species by having hexagonal reticles medially on the metanotum. No specimen was checked here.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF2FFAAFF0CFA2BFB06D599.taxon	description	(Figs 3, 31, 45, 54, 59, 77, 95) Female macroptera. Body brown; all femora brown, fore tibiae light brown medially with base and apex yellow, mid and hind tibiae brown with apices yellow, all tarsi yellow; antennal segments I – II brown, but II pale at apex, III – IV largely yellow with apices shaded, V – VI yellow at basal half, shaded at apical half, VII – VIII lightly brown (Fig. 31); major setae dark; fore wing pale, shaded at base, with a median dark stripe. Head twice as long as wide (Fig. 3); postocular setae blunt, scarcely reaching to posterior margin of eyes; eyes equal dorsally and ventrally; maxillary stylets retracted to lower part of head, not reaching postocular setae (Fig. 3); mouth cone short and round. Antennal segments elongate, III about 4 times as long as apical width (Fig. 31); IV with 3 major sense cones, VIII distinct from VII. Pronotum transverse, with 4 pairs of long blunt setae, am scarcely larger than discal setae (Fig. 45); surface weakly sculptured. All legs slender. Fore wing with 3 blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, almost equal length, with 14 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, blunt. Metanotum weakly sculptured with longitudinal reticles, major setae slender and acute (Fig. 77). Mesopresternum with paired lateral triangles (Fig. 54), metathoracic sternopleural sutures short. Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with pair of CPS (Fig. 77); tergite II with 9 – 12 pairs of lateral setae; tergite VIII posterolateral setae well-developed, shorter than posteroangles; tergite IX setae S 1 – S 3 slightly shorter than tube, acute at apex; tube shorter than head, anal setae slightly shorter than tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 3900. Head length (maximum width) 450 (215); postocular setae length 65; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 50 (45), 70 (35), 155 (35), 150 (45), 140 (30), 125 (30), 75 (25), 40 (15); sense cone on III length 65. Pronotum length (width) 200 (350); am 5, aa 40, ml 40, epim 150, pa 120. Fore wing length 1500; sub-basal setae S 1 90, S 2 130, S 3 130. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 115; tergite IX setae S 1 330, S 2 300, S 3 225; tube length 370, basal width 95, apical width 55; anal setae length 310. Male macroptera. Similar to female in colour and sculpture; pronotal am slightly short than aa, but much shorter than other major setae; abdominal tergite II with 8 – 9 pairs of lateral setae; tergite IX setae S 2 short, slightly blunt at apex; sternite VIII largely occupied by pore plate (Fig. 95). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 3350. Head length (maximum width) 390 (200); postocular setae length 65. Pronotum length (width) 180 (325); am 15, aa 25, ml 75, epim 130, pa 105. Tergite IX setae S 1 310, S 2 100, S 3 360; tube length 335, basal width 95, apical width 50; anal setae length 310. Specimens studied. Holotype female, China, Yunnan, Kunming garden, 29. ix. 2010, Laurence Mound (SNUT). Paratypes: 2 males with the same data as holotype (SNUT & ANIC); Yunnan, Chenggong, 1 male, 8. viii. 2010, Hongrui Zhang (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF2FFAAFF0CFA2BFB06D599.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet refers to the elongate head and antennae.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF2FFAAFF0CFA2BFB06D599.taxon	discussion	Comments. This is the second known species with tergite II bearing numerous discal setae laterally, and as in L. takahashii it has short stylets. However, it has an elongate head and antennae (Figs 3, 31), short postocular setae (Fig. 3) and small pronotal aa and am setae (Fig. 45) and is easily distinguished from L. takahashii.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF3FFAAFF0CFC0EFDC8D3AB.taxon	description	(Fig. 24)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF3FFAAFF0CFC0EFDC8D3AB.taxon	discussion	This species, described from Java in leaf galls of Fagraea obovata, was recorded from Sichuan, China taken on Litsea pungens by Han (1997 b). It is similar to L. adusticornis in body shape and leg coloration, but they can be distinguished by the color of wings and antennae, the length of sense cones on antennae (Fig. 24), and the postocular setae as shown in the key above. Unfortunately, no slides of this species from China are available in Han’s collection, and this record needs further confirmation.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF3FFAAFF0CFC0EFDC8D3AB.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. INDONESIA, Java, Tjibodas, one paratype female and male on Fagraea obovata, 15. vi. 1925, M. Bruggeman (SMF).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF3FFAAFF0CFA11FAFBD1EE.taxon	description	(Figs 67, 75)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF3FFAAFF0CFA11FAFBD1EE.taxon	discussion	This species was described from Satsuma, Florida, USA, from Cinnamomum camphora [Lauraceae], but is wide spread in Japan, Taiwan and Sri Lanka (Okajima 2006). In China, the first record was from Hainan on Lauraceae (Zhang 1984); Zhang et al. (1999) reported it from the following places Fujian, Hainan, Guangdong and Taiwan. Two males from Guangdong have been studied here, which came from leaves of Litsea glutinosa (Lauraceae). L. floridensis is easy distinguished by the mesopresternum boat-shaped and extending anteriorly at middle (Fig. 67), with all legs brown but fore tibiae pale at apices and fore tarsi pale, and metanotum sculptured with polygonal reticulation (Fig. 75). The two males from Guangdong have the postocular setae slightly longer than the eyes.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF3FFAAFF0CFA11FAFBD1EE.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Guangdong, Foshan City, two males on Litsea glutinosa, 6. v. 1958, Y. F. Han (NZMC). U. S. A., California, three females on Cinnamomum camphora, 9. ix. 2011, N. Nisson (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFF6FFF03D460.taxon	description	(Figs 5, 25, 47, 74, 89)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFF6FFF03D460.taxon	discussion	Described from Nagano, Honshu, Japan on Viburnum sieboldii leaves, this species is recorded from China for the first time with one female and one male from Yunnan. They are very similar in body shape and colouration of antennae, but the metanotal sculpture is a little different in the Yunnan specimens from the type specimens in Japan. The sculpture in Yunnan specimens is of longitudinal striae, but in Japanese specimens it comprises longitudinal reticulation (Fig. 74).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFF6FFF03D460.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, one female and one male, 14. viii. 2009, Lixin Su (SNUT). JAPAN, Nagano, Sugadaira, paratype female and male on Viburnum sieboldi, 27. vii. 1983, Haga K. (TUA).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFD55FE0DD2AB.taxon	description	(Figs 6, 36, 72)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFD55FE0DD2AB.taxon	discussion	Living in Taiwan in leaf galls of Heptapleurum arboricola (possible spelling error in plant name, Wang & Lin 2020: 361), this species has an unusual pelta with no CPS but bearing 3 – 4 tiny setae posterolaterally (Fig. 72). From Yunnan, 17 females and 6 males on leaves or leaf galls of plants labelled as Schefflera heptaphylla and S. octophylla are here recognized from China. The host plant name Schefflera heptaphylla is more validly Heptapleurum heptaphyllum as the genus Heptapleurum was distinguished from Schefflera in 2020 and accepted by Plants of the World Online (Lowry et al. 2020; POWO 2023). Moreover, Schefflera octophylla is a synonym of H. heptaphyllum (IPNI 2023).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFD55FE0DD2AB.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Yunnan, Kunming, 15 females and 3 males on leaves of Schefflera heptaphylla, 3. viii. 2007, H. Zhang (ANIC); Yunnan, Kunming, 2 females and 3 males in leaf galls of Schefflera octophylla, 17. vi. 2005, L. M. Tie (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA9FF0CFB10FC55D07D.taxon	discussion	Described from Taiwan on Heptapleurum sp., and also recorded from Ryukyu islands, Japan on leaves of H. heptaphyllum (Schefflera octophylla in Okajima 2006). This thrips species could not be distinguished satisfactorily from L. heptapleuricola, that also is recorded in Taiwan from leaf galls on the same plant genus (Takahashi 1937). However, according to the redescription of L. heptapleurinus by Okajima (2006), it is different in having the pelta with a pair of CPS but no tiny setae, and the postocular setae longer than eyes. No slide of this species has been seen, but it is placed in the above key based on Okajima’s clear redescription.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF0FFA8FF0CF96BFC4AD6E9.taxon	discussion	Described from Taiwan on Ficus sp., this species was stated to be similar to L. piperinus, but it seems to be more similar to L. kuwayamai in body shape and coloration. Both of them have a complete mesopresternum with median protrusion, although in Liothrips species this sclerite is usually eroded medially or divided into two lateral triangles. Wang and Lin (2020) indicated that these two species might be distinguished by length of pronotal am, which was minute in L. kuwayamai but well-developed in L. hsuae. However, the redescription of L. kuwayamai from Okajima (2006) based on 131 females including the holotype showed that both am and aa setae on the pronotum were well-developed, and no other features were found to differentiate these species. Therefore, L. hsuae is possibly a synonym of L. kuwayamai and is excluded from the key given above.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF1FFA8FF0CFD7BFBF6D1EE.taxon	description	(Figs 11, 38, 57) Female macroptera. Body brown; fore femora largely yellow, with light brown in basal third and on outer margin, mid and hind femora light brown, with apical third pale, fore tibiae clear yellow, mid and hind tibiae light brown with apices and base pale, all tarsi yellow; antennal segments I – II light brown, paler than head, III clear yellow, IV largely yellow with slightly shaded at apex, V – VI light brown, with base pale, VII – VIII lightly brown (Fig. 38); major setae dark; fore wings hyaline. Head wider than long (Fig. 11); postocular setae much longer than eyes, softly pointed (Fig. 11); eyes dorsally and ventrally equal in length; maxillary stylets about 0.13 of head width apart, retracted to compound eyes; mouth cone bluntly pointed, reaching to level of posterior margin of ferna. Antennal segment III about twice as long as apical width (Fig. 38); IV with 3 major sense cones; VIII constricted at base. Pronotum transverse, with 5 pairs of long slightly blunt setae, am shorter than aa; surface almost smooth, with weak sculpture near margins. All legs normal, fore femora slightly enlarged. Fore wing with 3 blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, S 1 shorter than S 2 and S 3, with about 20 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, pointed at apex. Metanotum sculptured longitudinal reticulate, major setae slender and acute. Mesopresternum eroded medially, but weakly connected (Fig. 57), metathoracic sternopleural sutures short. Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, without pair of CPS (but present in one paratype female); tergite II with 2 pairs of lateral setae; tergite VIII posterolateral setae well-developed, but much shorter than posteroangulars; tergite IX setae S 1 – S 3 shorter than tube, softly acute at apex; tube slightly longer than head, anal setae shorter than tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 2550. Head length (maximum width) 195 (235); postocular setae length 100; eye dorsal length 70; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 45 (40), 50 (35), 75 (35), 70 (40), 65 (40), 65 (35), 60 (30), 40 (15); sense cone on III length 30. Pronotum length (width) 165 (365); am 45, aa 70, ml 75, epim 130, pa 125. Fore wing sub-basal setae S 1 50, S 2 80, S 3 95. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 80; tergite IX setae S 1 170, S 2 170, S 3 210; tube length 225, basal width 100, apical width 50; anal setae length 185. Male. Unknown. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Guangxi, Damingshan National Nature Reserve, taken on the leaves of Adinandra millettii, 21. v. 2011, Lihong Dang (NZMC). Paratypes: 1 female with same data as holotype (SNUT); same location, 1 female, 29. v. 2011, Lihong Dang (NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF1FFA8FF0CFD7BFBF6D1EE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet refers to the elongate maxillary stylets.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFF1FFA8FF0CFD7BFBF6D1EE.taxon	discussion	Comments. This new species is similar to L. fungi in the short, slightly broader head (Okajima 2006), but it differs with the postocular setae longer than eyes, slightly blunt at apex (Fig. 11); antennal segments short, IV – VII almost spherical with base constricted, III about 1.8 times as long as wide; mouth-cone longer than head capsule and reaching posterior of ferna; tergum IX S 1 and S 2 subequal in length, a bit shorter than tube; head as long as tube. In L. fungi the postocular setae are much shorter than eyes, expanded at apex; antennal segments normal, III about 2.5 times as long as wide; mouth-cone much longer than head capsule, the tip reaching mesopresternum; tergum IX S 1 and S 2 subequal in length, much shorter than tube; head a little longer than tube.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFF6FFC95D4F4.taxon	description	(Figs 26, 82)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFF6FFC95D4F4.taxon	discussion	Described from Courtallam, India from Jasminum galls, the species name was replaced twice, from L. tenuis and L. exiguus (Ananthakrishnan & Jagadish, 1969: 206; Ananthakrishnan, 1972 b: 114). Five females and five males from China are here identified as L. minys, based on the description of L. exiguus (Ananthakrishnan, 1972 b: 114). Of these, two females and two males were taken on leaf galls of Jasminum grandiflorum in Yunnan, one female and one male in galls of Fagraea ceilanica in Guangdong, one female on Tabernaemontana divaricata in Fujian, and one female and two males from Shaanxi. This species is somewhat similar to L. wasabiae in body shape, but is easily distinguished by the hyaline wings and largely yellow antennae (Fig. 26).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFF6FFC95D4F4.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Yunnan, Lushui, 2 females and 2 males in leaf rolls of Jasminium grandiflorum, 27. v. 2010, Yonghui Xie (ANIC); Shaanxi, Hanzhong, 1 female and 2 males, 23. vii. 2017, Yang Hu (SNUT); Guangdong, 1 female and 1 male in galls of Fagraea ceilanica, 18. vi. 2015, Xiaoli Tong (ANIC); Fujian, 1 female on Tabernaemontana divaricata, 28. vi. 2009, Jiaqian Gao (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFCF7FF01D28C.taxon	description	(Figs 10, 41, 43)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFCF7FF01D28C.taxon	discussion	This species was described from Peradenya, Sri Lanka on Pavetha hispida and also from rolled leaf margins of a pepper plant. No specimens have been studied from China, but the species is included here as a potential pest of Piper plants growing throughout Southern China. It was recorded living in marginal leaf galls of Piper nigrum in Sri Lanka, and L. karnyi is listed as a synonym. It is similar to L. pallipes with all tibiae yellow and antennal segments III – VIII uniformly yellow (Fig. 41), but they can be distinguished by above key.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFCF7FF01D28C.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. SRI LANKA, Peradeniya, syntype male on Pavetha hispida, 11. ii – 5. v. 1902, H. Karny (SMF).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFB0FFADAD080.taxon	description	(Figs 7, 37, 51, 83)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFB0FFADAD080.taxon	discussion	Described from Nikko, Honshu, Japan on Gentiana scabra, this species seems similar to L. wasabiae in its body shape. One paratype female was studied here with the following character states: fore tibiae slightly shaded at basal third, antennal segments III – VI broad with basal stem (Fig. 37), postocular setae finely pointed at apex (Fig. 7), antennal segments largely yellow, with apical half of VI also VII – VIII light brown (Fig. 37), and maxillary stylets not reaching to eyes (Fig. 7). The three females listed below from Sichuan province possibly represent L. miyazakii, but their major setae are expanded at the apex and antennal segment III is more slender.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB7FF0CFB0FFADAD080.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Sichuan, Guangyuan, 3 females on unknown grasses, 09. viii. 2018, D. L. Xie (SNUT). JAPAN, Tochigi, Nikko, paratype female on Gentiana scabra, 15. vi. 1990, M. Miyazaki (TUA).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB6FF0CF8F5FEF2D7C9.taxon	description	(Figs 8, 32, 46, 55, 79, 93)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB6FF0CF8F5FEF2D7C9.taxon	discussion	Described from Nagaland, India in galls on Mastersia sp., this species is unusual in having males with the pore plate entire on sternite VIII and extending dorsally onto tergite VIII as a lateral pair of pore plates that may be slightly connected at posterior (Fig. 93) (Bhatti et al. 2006: figs 14 – 16). The species has further remarkable characters: antennal segments III – VII largely yellow and elongate (Fig. 32), and postocular setae located in the middle of head between posterior margins of eyes (Fig. 8). These characters are also observed in the Japanese species, L. tsutsumii. The latter, however, has hind tibiae brown with extreme apex pale and metanotum reticulate medially, whereas in L. mohanrami the mid and hind tibiae are yellow with basal third brown and metanotum with dense longitudinal stripes (Fig. 79). Two males from Tibet, China are identified here as L. mohanrami by comparing with the original description and drawings; these have the pore plate on tergite VIII as figured for one male from India (Fig. 93). They show exactly the same characters in body coloration and structures, but were taken on leaves of Globba racemosa.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEEFFB6FF0CF8F5FEF2D7C9.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Tibet, Motuo, 2 males on the leaves of Globba racemosa, 20. vii. 2022, Yanqiao Li (SNUT).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEFFFB5FF0CF947FC39D265.taxon	description	(Figs 4, 48, 65, 73, 99) Female macroptera. Body brown; all femora brown, all tibiae and tarsi clear yellow; antennal segments I – II brown, II pale at apex, III – VII uniform yellow, VIII lightly brown; major setae pale; fore wing shaded light brown. Head about twice as long as wide (Fig. 4); postocular setae blunt, much shorter than eyes, not reaching posterior margin of eyes (Fig. 4); eyes dorsally and ventrally equal in length; maxillary stylets close together medially, retracted to level of postocular setae; mouth cone short and round. Antennal segment III about 2 times as long as apical width; IV with 3 major sense cones, VIII constricted at base. Pronotum transverse, with 2 pairs of long blunt setae, am, aa and pa minute (Fig. 48), slightly longer than discal setae, epim longest; surface almost smooth, with weak sculpture near margins. All legs slender. Fore wing with 3 blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, almost equal length, with 11 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, slightly blunt. Metanotum longitudinally reticulate, major setae slender and acute (Fig. 73). Mesopresternum with paired lateral triangles (Fig. 65), metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with pair of CPS (Fig. 73); tergite II with 4 pairs of lateral setae; tergite VIII posterolateral setae well-developed, slightly shorter than posteroangulars; tergite IX setae S 1 about half as long as tube, blunt at apex (Fig. 99), S 2 – S 3 about as long as tube, acute at apex; tube shorter than head, anal setae shorter than tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 3000. Head length (maximum width) 350 (225); postocular setae length 45; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 40 (40), 55 (35), 115 (40), 125 (50), 110 (45), 80 (40), 70 (35), 45 (15); sense cone on III length 55. Pronotum length (width) 175 (310); am 5, aa 5, ml 50, epim 105, pa 10. Fore wing length 1450; sub-basal setae S 1 85, S 2 85, S 3 90. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 110; tergite IX setae S 1 160, S 2 290, S 3 305; tube length 310, basal width 90, apical width 50; anal setae length 250. Male macroptera. Similar to female in colour and sculpture; pronotal am and pa minute, aa developed, about as long as ml, blunt at apex; abdominal tergite IX setae S 2 short and softly pointed; sternite VIII largely occupied by pore plate. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 2940. Head length (maximum width) 350 (205); postocular setae length 35. Pronotum length (width) 170 (310); am 5, aa 35, ml 35, epim 95, pa 10. Tergite IX setae S 1 130, S 2 70, S 3 370; tube length 350, basal width 90, apical width 50; anal setae length 260. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Tibet, Motuo, taken on leaves of tree, 16. vii. 2022, Yanqiao Li (SNUT). Paratypes: 2 females and 1 male with same data as holotype (SNUT & NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEFFFB5FF0CF947FC39D265.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epiphet refers to the collection site.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEFFFB5FF0CF947FC39D265.taxon	discussion	Comments. This new species has all tibiae yellow as in two other Liothrips species from China, L. styracinus and L. pallipes, as well as L. mirabilis that is a potential pest of Piper plant grown throughout Southern China. This new species can be easily recognized by having only two pairs of setae well-developed on the pronotum (Fig. 48), and S 1 on tergite IX short and blunt, about half the length of S 2 (Fig. 99).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFECFFB5FF0CFB52FF1ED049.taxon	description	(Fig. 27)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFECFFB5FF0CFB52FF1ED049.taxon	description	Specimens studied. CHINA, Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, one female, 6. viii. 2015, Chunfeng Li (SNUT). AUSTRALIA, Queensland, 10 females and 6 males in leaf rolls of Piper canina, 5. xi. 2008, L. Mound (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFECFFB3FF0CF93EFAB3D759.taxon	description	(Figs 13, 35, 60, 66, 76) Female macroptera. Body brown; all legs brown (Fig. 60), just fore tarsi and apices of fore tibiae lightly brown; antennal segments I – II brown, III yellow at basal half and light brown at apical half, IV – VI largely brown with base pale, VII – VIII brown (Fig. 35); major setae pale; fore wing hyaline. Head slightly wider than long (Fig. 13); postocular setae acute, scarcely reaching to posterior margin of eyes (Fig. 13); eyes dorsally and ventrally equal in length; maxillary stylets close together medially, retracted to eyes; mouth cone blunt and short. Antennal segment III more than twice as long as apical width (Fig. 35); IV with 3 major sense cones; VIII small, distinct from VII (Fig. 35). Pronotum transverse, with 4 pairs of long softly pointed setae, am minute; surface almost smooth, weakly sculptured near margins. Fore femora not enlarged. Fore wing with 3 slightly blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, with 10 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae developed, slightly blunt. Metanotum longitudinally reticulate, major setae fine and acute (Fig. 76). Mesopresternum eroded medially, metathoracic sternopleural sutures short (Fig. 66). Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with a pair of CPS (Fig. 76); tergite II with 3 pairs of lateral setae; tergite VIII posterolateral setae well-developed, slightly shorter than posteroangulars; tergite IX setae S 1 – S 3 shorter than tube, acute; tube slightly shorter than head, anal setae longer than tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 3160. Head length (maximum width) 270 (295); postocular setae length 40; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 50 (45), 55 (40), 90 (35), 100 (45), 90 (40), 80 (35), 65 (25), 30 (20); sense cone on III length 30. Pronotum length (width) 170 (355); am 5, aa 35, ml 45, epim 130, pa 100. Fore wing length 1210; sub-basal setae S 1?, S 2 90, S 3 100. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 70; tergite IX setae S 1 195, S 2 200, S 3 195; tube length 225, basal width 110, apical width 75; anal setae length 245. Male. Unknown. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Xinjiang, on leaves of Picea, 9. vi. 1981 (NZMC). Paratype: 1 female with same data as holotype (SNUT).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFECFFB3FF0CF93EFAB3D759.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet “ piceae ” refers to the plant genus Picea on which the type specimens were found.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFECFFB3FF0CF93EFAB3D759.taxon	discussion	Comments. This new species has all legs brown including all tarsi (Fig. 60). This colouring does not occur in other Chinese Liothrips except for L. floridensis. From the latter L. piceae sp. n. can be distinguished by the relatively short head and short postocular setae which do not reach the posterior margin of the eyes (Fig. 13).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEAFFB3FF0CFE4AFBCFD24F.taxon	description	(Figs 21, 28, 100)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEAFFB3FF0CFE4AFBCFD24F.taxon	discussion	Described by Priesner based on “ females ” from Taiwan, China, this species has also been recorded from Japan and Chinese mainland (Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan provinces) (Zhang 1984; Zhang et al. 1999; Okajima 2006). It is known to have unusually elongate sense cones on antennal segments III and IV that are about two thirds as long as their segments (Fig. 28), and the maxillary stylets are long and close together medially (Fig. 21). According to these characters, the specimens listed below from Kunming are identified as L. piperinus, but they have a few differences from the holotype female: setae S 1 on tergite IX about 0.6 times as long as tube, also mid and hind tibiae yellow on apical 1 / 4 – 1 / 3 (in holotype, S 1 on tergite IX about 0.8 time as long as tube (Fig. 100), and mid and hind tibiae yellow on apical one seventh). However, they are very similar to two specimens from Japan, showing various lengths of postocular setae. L. piperinus was described originally from a species of Piper but recorded on Elaeocarpus and Castanopsis by Okajima (2006), and as living in Ficus leaf-galls by Zhang (1984). In Yunnan, many specimens were found in leaf galls on Smilax glaucochina. This thrips is very possibly an invader of leaf galls induced by some Liothrips - lineage species on a range of different plants (Mound 2020).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEAFFB3FF0CFE4AFBCFD24F.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Taiwan, Habon, Holotype female on Piper, 10. viii. 1934, R. Takahashi (SMF); Kunming, 7 females and 6 males in leaf gall on Smilax glaucochina, 24. ix. 2019, L. A. Mound (ANIC). JAPAN, Honshu, Shizuoka, one female and one male on Piper, 9. xi. 1975, I. Kudo (SMF).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEAFFB0FF0CFB3DFC9CD7CF.taxon	description	(Figs 12, 29, 61, 78, 94, 102) Female macroptera. Body brown; all femora and tibiae brown, fore tibiae brown, pale at apical half, all tarsi yellow; antennal segments I – II lightly brown, paler than head, III – VIII yellow, VII – VIII light brown (Fig. 29); major setae dark; fore wing hyaline. Head as long as wide (Fig. 12); postocular setae blunt, shorter than eyes, just reaching to posterior margin of eyes (Fig. 12); eyes dorsally and ventrally equal in length; maxillary stylets about 0.14 of head width apart, retracted to level of eyes; mouth cone bluntly pointed, reaching to level of anterior margin of ferna. Antennal segment III about 3 times as long as apical width (Fig. 29); IV with 3 major sense cones, VIII small, distinct from VII. Pronotum transverse, with 5 pairs of long blunt setae, am and aa subequal in length; surface almost smooth, with weak sculpture near margins. Fore wings with 3 blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, almost equal in length, with 11 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, blunt, a pair of setae posteromedially slightly shorter than lateral pair, acute. Metanotum longitudinally reticulate, major setae well-developed, slightly blunt (Fig. 78). Mesopresternum boat-shaped, transverse medially (Fig. 61), metathoracic sternopleural sutures short. Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with a pair of CPS; tergite II with a pair of lateral setae; tergite VIII with posterolateral setae well-developed, shorter than posteroangulars; tergite IX setae S 1 – S 3 much shorter than tube, softly pointed; tube shorter than head, anal setae about as long as tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 2510. Head length (maximum width) 265 (265); postocular setae length 30; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 40 (45), 60 (30), 85 (25), 80 (35), 70 (30), 60 (30), 60 (25), 35 (15); sense cone on III length 25. Pronotum length (width) 155 (335); am 40, aa 40, ml 65, epim 100, pa?. Fore wing length 1000; sub-basal setae S 1 65, S 2 80, S 3 100. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 80; tergite IX setae S 1 110, S 2 120, S 3 135; tube length 200, basal width 80, apical width 45; anal setae length 195. Male macroptera. Similar to female in colour and sculpture; mesopresternum eroded medially; abdominal tergite IX setae S 2 short and softly acute (Fig. 102); sternite VIII largely occupied by pore plate (Fig. 94). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1850. Head length (maximum width) 215 (220); postocular setae length 25. Pronotum length (width) 110 (315); am 25, aa 30, ml 50, epim 75, pa 65. Tergite IX setae S 1 100, S 2 55, S 3 155; tube length 165, basal width 65, apical width 35; anal setae length 145. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Inner Mongolia, on leaves of Populus euphratica, 25. vii. 1991 (NZMC). Paratypes: 1 female and 3 males with same data as holotype (NZMC & SNUT).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEAFFB0FF0CFB3DFC9CD7CF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species name is composed of one Latin word based on the plant name from which the type specimens were collected.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFEAFFB0FF0CFB3DFC9CD7CF.taxon	discussion	Comments. This new species is similar to some others with a short head. It seems closely related to L. rohdeae (Okajima 2006), but differs as follows: mid and hind tibiae uniformly brown; fore wings pale without brown stripe; postocular setae not exceeding posterior margin of eyes (Fig. 12); sense cones on antennal segments III – IV rather short, shorter than width of this segment (Fig. 29); maxillary stylets rather long, reaching eyes (Fig. 12); pelta hatshape with small lateral lobes (Fig. 78); tergite IX setae S 1 much shorter than tube, about half length of tube (Fig. 102); taken on the leaves of Populus euphratica. In contrast, L. rohdeae has mid and hind tibiae dark brown with apical third to fourth yellowish; fore wings with a median longitudinal pale brown stripe; postocular setae exceeding posterior margin of eyes (Fig. 16); sense cones on antennal segments III – IV about half length of this segment (Fig. 33); maxillary stylets reaching postocular setae (Fig. 16); pelta triangular (Fig. 87); tergite IX setae S 1 about 1.4 times as long as tube; taken on young leaves of Rohdea japonica.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE9FFB0FF0CFDBCFDC8D249.taxon	description	(Figs 16, 33, 62, 87)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE9FFB0FF0CFDBCFDC8D249.taxon	discussion	Described from Japan, Chiba, Honshu, this species is difficult to distinguish from both L. hagai Okajima from Japan and L. setinodis (Reuter) from Europe. By comparing the paratypes with paratypes of L. hagai, also three slides of L. setinodis collected from England, this species has the mesopresternum eroded with a narrow connection medially rather than divided into two lateral triangular plates. However, one female of L. setinodis has the mesopresternum narrowly connected medially (Fig. 62), and this is probably intraspecific variation. However, L. rohdeae is considered to be a valid species having been collected only on the specific plant, Rohdea japonica. More studies, including molecular data, are needed to verify these three species. According to morphological aspects, two males from Sichuan are extremely similar to the paratypes of L. rohdeae, and this species is newly recorded from China.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE9FFB0FF0CFDBCFDC8D249.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Sichuan, Guangyuan, two males on unknown tree leaves, 8. viii. 2018, L. H. Dang, Y. Hu and D. L. Xie (SNUT). JAPAN, Honshu, Chba-ken, paratype one female and one male on Rohdea japonica, 10 – 18. vi. 1997, M. Sawada (TUA).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE9FFB0FF0CFB3FFD09D120.taxon	description	(Figs 15, 30, 49, 58, 81)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE9FFB0FF0CFB3FFD09D120.taxon	description	Specimens studied. CHINA, Guangxi, Maoershan, one female on grasses, 3. vi. 2011, L. H. Dang (NZMC). ENGLAND, Kent, Shoreham, two females on Fagus, 25. vi. 1978, W. R. Dolling (ANIC); Oxfordshire, Lambridge Wood, one female, 27. vi. 2014, A. Polaszek (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE9FFBFFF0CF895FE57D6C5.taxon	discussion	Liothrips (Liothrips) styracinus Priesner, 1968: 202. Described originally from Taiwan based on one female and one male from Styrax sp. this species was recorded from Fujian (Zhang et al. 1999). No specimens have been seen for the present study, but it was added in the key according to the original description.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE6FFBFFF0CF9EAFDDAD1E4.taxon	description	(Figs 20, 80, 90, 91, 92)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE6FFBFFF0CF9EAFDDAD1E4.taxon	discussion	Described from Taiwan on Ficus retusa, this species was subsequently recorded from Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Java, Japan and Australia in leaf rolls or galls on Dissochaeta sp. and Ficus sp. (Priesner 1930; Priesner 1968; Okajima 2006; Mound et al. 2023). In this study, seven females and three males from Yunnan are identified as this species with the unique character of more than seven discal setae on each lateral margin of tergite II (Fig. 90), as mentioned by Mound et al. (2023).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE6FFBFFF0CF9EAFDDAD1E4.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Yunnan, Puer City, 3 females, 1. vii. 2017, Yanqiao Li (SNUT); Yunnan, Baoshan City, 2 females, 17. vi. 2021, Xia Wang & Chengwen Li (SNUT); Yunnan, Kunming, 4 females and 3 males in leaf rolls, 19. ix. 2019, L. Mound (ANIC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE7FFBEFF0CFF6FFEAFD7CC.taxon	discussion	Described by Moulton as L. citricornis from Taiwan, based on four females and one male on Liquidambar formosana [Altingiaceae], this name was subsequently included in a key and recorded by Zhang (1984) from the Province of Henan. Han (1997 b) also recorded it from Hainan with a redescription and illustrations, but no slides are available. Wang and Lin proposed a new name, Liothrips threobrevis, to replace Liothrips citricornis Moulton as this is a homonym of Liothrips citricornis Hood. This species is placed in the key above based on the redescription by Wang and Lin (2020).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE7FFBEFF0CFDB9FE44D1AC.taxon	description	(Figs 17, 39, 50, 68, 84, 101) Female macroptera. Body brown; all femora brown, fore tibiae yellow with shaded medially, mid and hind tibiae brown, all tarsi yellow; antennal segments I – II brown III – VI uniformly yellow, VII – VIII lightly brown, VII pale at base (Fig. 39); major setae pale; fore wing shaded light brown. Head longer than wide, transversely reticulate (Fig. 17); postocular setae blunt, shorter than eyes (Fig. 17); eyes dorsally and ventrally equal in length; maxillary stylets about 0.1 of head width apart, retracted to level of postocular setae (Fig. 17); mouth cone bluntly pointed, reaching to level of anterior margin of ferna. Antennal segment III about 3 times as long as apical width (Fig. 39); IV with 3 major sense cones, VIII small but distinct from VII. Pronotum sculptured reticulate at anterior half, irregular lines at posterior half, with 5 pairs of long blunt setae, epim setae longest (Fig. 50). All legs normal. Fore wings with 3 blunt sub-basal setae arising in straight line, almost equal in length, with 8 – 9 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, blunt. Metanotum longitudinally reticulate, major setae slender and acute (Fig. 84). Mesopresternum eroded medially but weakly connected, metathoracic sternopleural sutures long (Fig. 68). Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with pair of CPS (Fig. 84); tergite II with 4 – 5 pairs of lateral setae; tergite VIII posterolateral setae well-developed, shorter than posteroangulares; tergite IX setae S 1 about half the length of tube, blunt at apex (Fig. 101), S 2 – S 3 shorter than tube, apex acute; tube longer than head, anal setae shorter than tube. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 2730. Head length (maximum width) 230 (200); postocular setae length 55; antennal segments I – VIII length (width): 40 (40), 50 (35), 70 (25), 70 (40), 65 (30), 60 (30), 50 (25), 30 (10); sense cone on III length 30. Pronotum length (width) 190 (325); am 25, aa 35, ml 40, epim 110, pa 50. Fore wing length 1050; sub-basal setae S 1 45, S 2 55, S 3 55. Tergite VIII posterolateral setae 70; tergite IX setae S 1 150, S 2 230, S 3 230; tube length 320, basal width 85, apical width 45; anal setae length 215. Male macroptera. Similar to female in colour and sculpture; abdominal tergite IX setae S 2 short and acute; sternite VIII largely occupied by pore plate. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1980. Head length (maximum width) 210 (180); postocular setae length 45. Pronotum length (width) 150 (270); am 20, aa 25, ml 20, epim 85, pa 55. Tergite IX setae S 1 130, S 2 35, S 3 230; tube length 275, basal width 80, apical width 40; anal setae length 185. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Tibet, Motuo, on unknown plant, 20. vii. 2022, Yanqiao Li (SNUT). Paratypes: 1 female and 1 male with same data as holotype (SNUT & NZMC).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE7FFBEFF0CFDB9FE44D1AC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species name is composed of one Latin word based on the region where the type specimens were collected.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE7FFBEFF0CFDB9FE44D1AC.taxon	discussion	Comments. The pronotum of this new species is irregularly reticulate, with sculpture rather like that which is characteristic for species of Gynaikothrips. Nevertheless, it is clearly associated with Liothrips due to the presence of metathoracic sternopleural sutures and the medially eroded mesopresternum (Fig. 68). It seems worth noting that the body shape and sculpture of L. tibetanus sp. n. is somewhat similar to species of Teuchothrips, but it has no fore tarsal tooth in either sex.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE5FFBBFF0CF984FC0AD5BD.taxon	description	(Figs 18, 40, 64, 85)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE5FFBBFF0CF984FC0AD5BD.taxon	description	Specimens studied. CHINA, Sichuan, Wushan and Wan Counties, 2 paratype females of chinensis, 19 and 28. v. 1994, J. Yao (NZMC); Sichuan, Wushan County, 2 paratype males of sanxiaensis, 19. v. 1994, J. Yao (NZMC); Sichuan, Wushan County, 2 paratype females of sinarundinariae, 19. v. 1994, J. Yao (NZMC); Sichuan, Wushan County, holotype female of diwasabiae, 21. ix. 1994, S. M. Song (NZMC). NETHERLANDS, Alphen aan den Rijn, Syntypes 28 females and 4 males on Lilium pardalinum, 12. vii. 1915 (SMF); Winkel, 7 females and 2 males in Lilie, iv. 1932 (SMF); Gelderland, Wageningen, 1 female and 1 male on Lilium, 25. xi. 1960, v. d. Giese (SMF). U. S. A., California, Los Angeles County, 1 female on Lily bulbs, 14. iv. 1924 (SMF).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE2FFBBFF0CFC2AFA97D2AA.taxon	discussion	Described from Taiwan on Vitex sp., this is the second Liothrips species from China that has no CPS on abdominal tergite I. The first one, L. heptapleuricola, has several pairs of small setae posterolaterally on the pelta (Fig. 72).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE2FFBBFF0CFB1FFD52D195.taxon	description	(Figs 19, 34, 44, 63, 86)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE2FFBBFF0CFB1FFD52D195.taxon	discussion	Described from Honshu, Japan on Wasabia japonica, this species was found living on all parts of Wasabia japonica, including leaves, stem and underground tubers. Many specimens from northern China have been studied and are here identified as L. wasabiae, after comparison with a paratype female and male. However, a few males from China show variation; base of mid and hind tibiae paler; postocellar setae elongate, about twice as long as diameter of an ocellus, median setae between postocular setae the same length; mid and hind tibiae yellow on apical half; setae S 1 – S 3 on tergite IX sometimes shorter than tube.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE2FFBBFF0CFB1FFD52D195.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens studied. CHINA, Shaanxi, Yanan City, Ziwuling natural reserve, 2 females and 3 males on Periplora, 19 – 20. vii. 2020, X. Wang and Y. Q. Li (SNUT); Shaanxi, Yanan City, Ziwuling natural reserve, 3 females and 1 male, 5 – 19. vii. 2019, R. Dang (SNUT); Shaanxi, Yanan City, Ziwuling natural reserve, 2 females, 15. vii. 2019, J. Shen (SNUT). JAPAN, Shimane, Masuda-shi, one female and one male paratype on Wasabia japonica, vii. 1981, T. Murai (TUA).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE2FFBBFF0CFB1FFD52D195.taxon	discussion	Species from China removed from Liothrips	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE2FFBAFF0CF82EFB20D703.taxon	discussion	This species was described in the genus Rhynchothrips on two females, collected from Kashing, Zhejiang province of China under elm bark. It was transferred to Liothrips by Mound and Marullo (1996) but is here transferred to Teuchothrips because the original description indicates the presence of a tarsal tooth in females.	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE3FFBAFF0CFE68FC14D56A.taxon	description	(Figs 14, 88)	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
715E87B3FFE3FFBAFF0CFE68FC14D56A.taxon	description	Specimens studied. CHINA, Ningxia, Yinchuan, one female and one male on leaves of elm tree, 17. viii. 1987, H. Tan (SMF). TURKESTAN, co-type female, 10. v. 1927, H. Priesner (SMF).	en	Dang, Lihong, An, Yiyan, Mound, Laurence A., Qiao, Gexia (2024): Leaf-feeding species of the genus Liothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 5419 (1): 53-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.1.2
