taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
761D1C3DFFAAFFFEFCCDF9A14022F98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFAAFFFEFCCDF9A14022F98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFAAFFFEFCCDF9A14022F98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFAAFFFEFCCDF9A14022F98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFAAFFFEFCCDF9A14022F98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133414/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133414	Fig. 6. Cisandina n. gen. immature stages, C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336:(a) penultimate instar in dorso-lateral view; (b) last instar in dorso-lateral view;(c) host plant of C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat., Taquara micrantha (Poaceae) in situ; (d) inflorescence material of (c); C. castanya n. sp. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188:(e) second instar in lateral view; (f) third instar in lateral view; (g) fourth instar in lateral view; (h) pupa in lateral view;(i) pupa in ventral view; (j) host plant of C. castanya n. sp., Olyra latifolia (Poaceae) in situ. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b, e-g; 5 mm for h, i.	Fig. 6. Cisandina n. gen. immature stages, C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336:(a) penultimate instar in dorso-lateral view; (b) last instar in dorso-lateral view;(c) host plant of C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat., Taquara micrantha (Poaceae) in situ; (d) inflorescence material of (c); C. castanya n. sp. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188:(e) second instar in lateral view; (f) third instar in lateral view; (g) fourth instar in lateral view; (h) pupa in lateral view;(i) pupa in ventral view; (j) host plant of C. castanya n. sp., Olyra latifolia (Poaceae) in situ. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b, e-g; 5 mm for h, i.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFAAFFFEFCCDF9A14022F98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133418/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133418	Fig. 7. Cisandina philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. head capsule illustration based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336: (a) penultimate instar in frontal view; (b) last instar in frontal view. Cisandina castanya n. sp. head capsule illustrations based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188: c) second instar in frontal view; (d) third instar in frontal view; (e) fourth (last) instar in frontal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Fig. 7. Cisandina philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. head capsule illustration based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336: (a) penultimate instar in frontal view; (b) last instar in frontal view. Cisandina castanya n. sp. head capsule illustrations based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188: c) second instar in frontal view; (d) third instar in frontal view; (e) fourth (last) instar in frontal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFA5FFE7FF6DF9E240AEF83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFA5FFE7FF6DF9E240AEF83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFA5FFE7FF6DF9E240AEF83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFA5FFE7FF6DF9E240AEF83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFA5FFE7FF6DF9E240AEF83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBCFFE7FCCDFF4C4507FE99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBCFFE7FCCDFF4C4507FE99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBCFFE7FCCDFF4C4507FE99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBCFFE7FCCDFF4C4507FE99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBCFFE7FCCDFEFC4468FA90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBCFFE7FCCDFEFC4468FA90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133414/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133414	Fig. 6. Cisandina n. gen. immature stages, C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336:(a) penultimate instar in dorso-lateral view; (b) last instar in dorso-lateral view;(c) host plant of C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat., Taquara micrantha (Poaceae) in situ; (d) inflorescence material of (c); C. castanya n. sp. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188:(e) second instar in lateral view; (f) third instar in lateral view; (g) fourth instar in lateral view; (h) pupa in lateral view;(i) pupa in ventral view; (j) host plant of C. castanya n. sp., Olyra latifolia (Poaceae) in situ. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b, e-g; 5 mm for h, i.	Fig. 6. Cisandina n. gen. immature stages, C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336:(a) penultimate instar in dorso-lateral view; (b) last instar in dorso-lateral view;(c) host plant of C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat., Taquara micrantha (Poaceae) in situ; (d) inflorescence material of (c); C. castanya n. sp. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188:(e) second instar in lateral view; (f) third instar in lateral view; (g) fourth instar in lateral view; (h) pupa in lateral view;(i) pupa in ventral view; (j) host plant of C. castanya n. sp., Olyra latifolia (Poaceae) in situ. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b, e-g; 5 mm for h, i.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133418/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133418	Fig. 7. Cisandina philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. head capsule illustration based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336: (a) penultimate instar in frontal view; (b) last instar in frontal view. Cisandina castanya n. sp. head capsule illustrations based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188: c) second instar in frontal view; (d) third instar in frontal view; (e) fourth (last) instar in frontal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Fig. 7. Cisandina philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. head capsule illustration based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336: (a) penultimate instar in frontal view; (b) last instar in frontal view. Cisandina castanya n. sp. head capsule illustrations based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188: c) second instar in frontal view; (d) third instar in frontal view; (e) fourth (last) instar in frontal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFBDFFE0FCCDFBC34511F91D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133414/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133414	Fig. 6. Cisandina n. gen. immature stages, C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336:(a) penultimate instar in dorso-lateral view; (b) last instar in dorso-lateral view;(c) host plant of C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat., Taquara micrantha (Poaceae) in situ; (d) inflorescence material of (c); C. castanya n. sp. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188:(e) second instar in lateral view; (f) third instar in lateral view; (g) fourth instar in lateral view; (h) pupa in lateral view;(i) pupa in ventral view; (j) host plant of C. castanya n. sp., Olyra latifolia (Poaceae) in situ. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b, e-g; 5 mm for h, i.	Fig. 6. Cisandina n. gen. immature stages, C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336:(a) penultimate instar in dorso-lateral view; (b) last instar in dorso-lateral view;(c) host plant of C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat., Taquara micrantha (Poaceae) in situ; (d) inflorescence material of (c); C. castanya n. sp. based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188:(e) second instar in lateral view; (f) third instar in lateral view; (g) fourth instar in lateral view; (h) pupa in lateral view;(i) pupa in ventral view; (j) host plant of C. castanya n. sp., Olyra latifolia (Poaceae) in situ. Scale bar = 1 mm for a, b, e-g; 5 mm for h, i.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133418/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133418	Fig. 7. Cisandina philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. head capsule illustration based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336: (a) penultimate instar in frontal view; (b) last instar in frontal view. Cisandina castanya n. sp. head capsule illustrations based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188: c) second instar in frontal view; (d) third instar in frontal view; (e) fourth (last) instar in frontal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Fig. 7. Cisandina philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat. head capsule illustration based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0336: (a) penultimate instar in frontal view; (b) last instar in frontal view. Cisandina castanya n. sp. head capsule illustrations based on 2020-FLP-IMM-0188: c) second instar in frontal view; (d) third instar in frontal view; (e) fourth (last) instar in frontal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB8FFE2FF6DFD0942CFFB85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB6FFECFF6DFCAB430EFE48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB6FFECFF6DFCAB430EFE48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB6FFECFF6DFCAB430EFE48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFECFF6DFDD1456AFE85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFECFF6DFDD1456AFE85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFECFF6DFDD1456AFE85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFECFF6DFDD1456AFE85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFECFF6DFDD1456AFE85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFEFFCCDFE8B4095FB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFEFFCCDFE8B4095FB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFEFFCCDFE8B4095FB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFEFFCCDFE8B4095FB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB7FFEFFCCDFE8B4095FB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB4FFEFFF6DFB844229FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133406	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree (LnL = −11380.331) inferred in IQ-TREE v2.0.5, showing monophyly of Cisandina n. gen., as well as relationships of taxa within these genera. Numbers beside branches are SH-aLRT/UFBoot values. HT denotes holotype specimens.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB4FFEFFF6DFB844229FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133408	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	Fig. 2. Cisandina n. gen. adults,C. lea n. comb.: (a) male lectotype of Papilio lea in dorsal view;(b) male lectotype of Papilio lea in ventral view (associated labels to the right); (c) female lectotype of Papilo junia in dorsal view;(d) female lectotype of Papilo junia in ventral view (associated labels to the right);C. esmeralda n. sp., e) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (f) female paratype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (g) male indivdual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103081); (h) female individual in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP-103092); C. castanya n. sp.: (i) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (j) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (BC-DZ-139); C. fida fida n. comb.: (k) male paralectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (l) female lectotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); C. fida directa n. ssp.: (m) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (n) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (DNA voucher LEP-14650, but sequence not obtained); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (o) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right); (p) female paratype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right) (MUSM-LEP 103661);C. trinitesis n. comb.: (q) male holotype in dorsal view (left), ventral view (right);(r) female allotype in dorsal view (left),ventral view (right). Scale bar = 10 mm.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB4FFEFFF6DFB844229FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133410/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133410	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	Fig. 3. Cisandina n. gen. male genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(b) posterior view of juxta;(c) lateral view of phallus; (d) posterior view of genitalic capsule indicating the reduced appendices angulares ([a to c] based on dissection KW-14-18, [d] based on dissection SN-20-16); C. esmeralda n. sp.: (e) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus;(f) posterior view of juxta; (g) lateral view of phallus (e to g) based on dissection SN-20- 14); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (h) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (i) posterior view of juxta; (j) lateral view of phallus ([h to j] based on dissection SN-20-34); C. castanya n. sp.: (k) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (l) posterior view of juxta; (m) lateral view of phallus; (n) vesica everted to visualize cornuti ([k to m] based on dissection SN-20-12, [n] based on SN-20-32); C. fida n. comb.: (o) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (p) posterior view of juxta; (q) lateral view of phallus ([o to q] based on dissection SN-20-40); C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (r) lateral view of genitalic capsule with phallus; (s) posterior view of juxta; (t) lateral view of phallus ([r to t] based on dissection SN-14-149); C. trinitesis n. comb.: (u) lateral view of genitalic capsule without phallus; (v) posterior view of juxta; (w) lateral view of phallus ([u to w] based on dissection SN-20-84). Scale bar = 1 mm. Drawings of C. sanmarcos n. comb. are reproduced from Nakahara et al. (2018a).	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB4FFEFFF6DFB844229FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133412	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	Fig. 4. Cisandina n. gen. female genitalia, C. lea n. comb.: (a) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; illustration showing arrangement of signa below (not to scale); (b) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([a and b] based on dissection SN-20-53); C. philippa n. comb. & reinst. stat.: (c) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded; illustration showing arrangement of signa to right (not to scale); (d) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([c and d] based on dissection SN-20-11); C. castanya n. sp.: (e) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (f) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments expanded ([e and f] based on dissection SN-20-13); C. fida n. comb.: (g) dorsal view of genitalia with intersegmental membrane of seventh and eighth abdominal segments folded; (h) ventral view of lamella antevaginalis with intersegmental membrane of 7th and 8th abdominal segments expanded ([g and h] based on dissection SN-15-180);C. sanmarcos n. comb.: (i) female genitalia	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
761D1C3DFFB4FFEFFF6DFB844229FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/10133422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10133422	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	Fig. 8. Distribution map for Cisandina n. gen. taxa discussed herein.	2022-12-31	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo		Zenodo	biologists	Nakahara, Shinichi;Rodríguez-Melgarejo, Maryzender;Kleckner, Kaylin;Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia;Tejeira, Rafael;Espeland, Marianne;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Barbosa, Eduardo P.;See, Joseph;Gallice, Geoffrey;Lamas, Gerardo			
