taxonID	type	description	language	source
762A8786FFAE3F3EFF24FA000582D04A.taxon	description	Poliphaena Neuhaus, 1886: 105. Misspelling of Pyrophaena Schiner. Polycheirus Neuhaus, 1886: 99. Misspelling of Platycheirus Meigen. Polyphaena Neuhaus, 1886: 86. Misspelling of Pyrophaena Schiner.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAF3F3EFF24FD7A0411D549.taxon	description	Spaziogaster Scudder, 1882: 292. Misspelling of Spazigaster Rondani. Spazogaster Scudder, 1882: 310. Emendation of Spazigaster Rondani. Sparzigaster Woodworth, 1913: 145. Misspelling of Spazigaster Rondani. Palaearctic region only (2 species). Habitus figure of the type species is given by Speight & Lucas (1992).	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3DFF24FC9605E0D7B6.taxon	description	(Figs 1 A – C, 3 A – D) Type-species. Afrostoma quadripunctatum Skevington & Thompson. Description. Small, slender black flies. Length: 7 – 8 mm. Head: Face straight, slightly projecting, with distinct medial tubercle; oral opening about 1.2 times as long as broad; gena narrow; frontal triangle not swollen; antennal sockets confluent; eye bare, holoptic in male, with eye contiguity slightly longer than frontal triangle; antenna short, with basoflagellomere oval; arista long, about as long as antenna, pubescent, with short pile about as long as aristal diameter. Thorax: Black; postpronotum (humerus) bare; notopleuron with indistinct tubercle; scutellum convex, not modified; subscutellar fringe present, of multiple rows; anterior anepisternum bare; katepisternal pile patches broadly separated throughout; metasternum not excavated anteriorly, bare; metathoracic pile patch absent; metapleuron bare; postmetacoxal bridge absent; legs simple; plumula simple, long. Wing: brownish, microtrichose; vein R 4 + 5 straight; vein M 1 (apical crossvein) oblique, slightly sinuous; alula broad, about as wide as cell cup. Abdomen: elongate, slightly narrower than thorax, segments more or less quadrate, as long as broad, without marginal sulcus. Male genitalia: surstyles symmetric; lingula absent; postgonite free; phallus one-segmented.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3DFF24FC9605E0D7B6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Afrostoma is an arbitrary word derived from combination of the first letters of Afrotropical and the last letters of Melanostoma. The name is to be treated as neuter as is Melanostoma.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3DFF24FC9605E0D7B6.taxon	discussion	Discussion (including comparative diagnosis). Afrostoma is the sister genus to Melanostoma (Fig. 2) and belongs among the basal syrphine groups in the paraphyletic assemblage known as the tribe Melanostomini or Bacchini (see above). While these flies look like Melanostoma species, close inspection of the metasternum reveals the lack of the basolateral excavation, characteristic of Melanostoma (Andersson 1970). Also, the male genitalia lack the specialized synapomorphies of Platycheirus (scythe-shaped gonostylus and basomedial lobe on surstyle). Afrostoma is very distinctive by its lack of male external secondary characters and biogeography (being endemic to the Afrotropical region where the only other melanostomine group is Melanostoma).	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3AFF24F9380318D455.taxon	description	Description. MALE. Head: Black; face sparsely gray pollinose except tubercle shiny, tawny pilose; gena shiny on anterior 1 / 2, sparsely gray pollinose, white pilose posteriorly; lunule black, shiny; frontal triangle sparsely gray pollinose, tawny pilose except with a few black pili intermixed; eye contiguity long, slightly longer than frontal triangle; ocellar triangle shiny, black pilose; occiput white pollinose except more grayish white on dorsal 1 / 3, white pilose on ventral 2 / 3, black pilose dorsally; antenna black. Thorax: Black except postalar callus slightly more brownish black; prothorax grayish-white pollinose, white pilose; notum and scutellum shiny, golden pilose except with some black pili intermixed; pleuron sparsely gray pollinose, yellow pilose; plumula white; calypter white with brown margin and yellow fringe; halter yellow. Legs: Black, except trochanter, base of femora and femoral-tibial joints brownish orange, black pilose except coxae yellow pilose. Wing: Brownish, completely microtrichose. Abdomen: Black except for small yellow quadrate basolateral (only on basolateral 1 / 5) maculae on 3 rd and 4 th terga; terga dull black pollinose, yellow pilose except black pilose on apical 1 / 4 of 4 th tergum and white and black pilose on genitalia segments; sterna black, subshiny, very sparsely pollinose, yellow pilose except black pilose apically on 4 th sternum. Genitalia: Epandrium quadrate (Fig. 1 A); surstylus elongate, simple (Figs 1 A, B); ejaculatory apodeme cylindrical (Figs 1 C, D); distiphallus notched (Fig. 1 D). FEMALE. Unknown.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3AFF24F9380318D455.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male: Kenya: Western Province: Kakamega Forest, [0.2355 ° N, 34.8645 ° E], 8 – 9. xi. [19] 83, A. Freidberg (USNM ENT 00036402) (USNM); Paratypes: Kenya: same location as holotype: 30. viii. – 5. ix. 2000, ♂, R. Copeland, Malaise trap (USNM ENT 00036401) (CNC); ... 8 – 9. xi. 1983, 2 ♂, I. Yarom (USNM ENT 00036403 - 4); ... 14. i. 1996, ♂, I. Yarom & A. Freidberg (USNM ENT 00036405) (USNM); Uganda: South West: Rwenzori Mountains, 5 km west of Kilembe, [0.19882 ° N, 29.96895 ° E], 2500 m, 6. i. 1996, 1 ♂, A. Freidberg, Malaise trap (USNM ENT 00036406) (CNC). One Paratype will be returned to an appropriate museum in Kenya. Type-locality. Kenya. Western Province: Kakamega Forest, 0.2355 ° N, 34.8645 ° E.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3AFF24F9380318D455.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, quadripunctatum, is an adjective referring to the four yellow punctate maculae on the abdomen.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
762A8786FFAC3F3AFF24F9380318D455.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Afrostoma quadripunctatum is superficially similar to Melanostoma infuscatum Becker, but the yellow abdominal maculae are much smaller and the facial tubercle is more abrupt and prominent than those in infuscatum. The type series of infuscatum Becker (2 males, 2 females in Paris) was examined and herewith we validate the unpublished lectotype selected by Kassebeer (a male, labeled by him) to ensure consistent and universal interpretation of this name.	en	Thompson, F. Christian, Skevington, Jeffrey H. (2014): Afrotropical flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). A new genus and species from Kenya, with a review of the melanostomine group of genera. Zootaxa 3847 (1): 97-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.5
