identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
74788546FFB45136FF35FF56FCA3F895.text	74788546FFB45136FF35FF56FCA3F895.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ostracoda LATREILLE 1806	<div><p>CLASS OSTRACODA LATREILLE, 1806 ORDER PODOCOPIDA SARS, 1866</p> <p>SUBORDER CYTHEROCOPINA GRÜNDEL, 1967 SUPERFAMILY TERRESTRICYTHEROIDEA SCHORNIKOV, 1969 [NOM. TRANS. HARTMANN &amp; PURI, 1974] FAMILY TERRESTRICYTHERIDAE SCHORNIKOV, 1969 GENUS TERRESTRICYTHERE SCHORNIKOV, 1969</p> <p>Type species: Terrestricythere ivanovae Schornikov, 1969: 495–497, figs 1–16.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Carapace with curved dorsal margin, LV larger than RV. LV with small lobe-like extension overlapping RV towards anterior margin. Hinge ‘visordont’ (see section titled ‘The hinge of Terrestricythere ’, below, for formal definition), with two teeth on RV situated towards anterior and posterior margins and joined by ridge running along dorsal margin. Lobes interlock and rotate in two pits on hinge of LV so that LV dorsally overrides RV. Basic adductor muscle scar pattern of five in approximately vertical row, second and third from bottom diagonally offset from each other (second displaced anteriorly, third posteriorly, from imaginary vertical centre line). Antennula with five or six articulated podomeres. Antennal exopodite a plate with seven or eight long setae. Mandibular palp with rake setae and branchial plate with one ray. Female fifth limb endopodite with three articulated podomeres; modified into clasping palps in males. Sixth limb with four robust podomeres, with a series of short claws and setules along anterior edge. Seventh limb with five podomeres, terminating in two slender, hooked claws, one longer than the other. Furcal rami each reduced to three small setae. Eye absent.</p> <p>TERRESTRICYTHERE ELISABETHAE SP. NOV.</p> <p>(FIGS 1–17, 21, 25, 26)</p> <p>Type locality</p> <p>Tidal estuary of the River Cur (tributary of the Hamble Estuary) Hampshire, UK, 50∞54¢09.1≤N, 1∞15¢14.4≤W; oak leaf and reed litter overlying mud in the high intertidal zone reed marsh.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype: a male, with soft parts dissected in Hydromatrix and sealed in a glass slide (No. 2003.1025). Collected 2 May 2002.</p> <p>Allotype: a female, with soft parts dissected in Hydromatrix and sealed in a glass slide (2003.1023).</p> <p>Paratypes: two males with soft parts dissected in Hydromatrix sealed in a glass slide and valves stored in a cavity slide (2003.1026 and 1027); one female with soft parts dissected in Hydromatrix sealed in a glass slide (2003.1024); two valves stored in a cavity slide (2003.1028); seven whole specimens critically point dried (2003.979, 980, 984–987, 997); three male specimens critically point dried each with one valve removed (2003.990, 992, 994).</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named for Professor Elisabeth Alve (University of Oslo), friend and collaborator, who while researching the foraminiferal habitats of the Hamble creeks, in particular that of the agglutinating species Balticammina pseudomacrescens (Bronniman, Lutze &amp; Whittaker) – the ‘highest’ of the high salt marsh foraminifera – and being of an inquisitive nature, found a niche that does not appear to have been searched before... and discovered the ostracod Terrestricythere.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Species of Terrestricythere with five articulated podomeres in antennula (podomeres four and five fused) and four articulated podomeres in L7 endopodite. L7 terminating in one long and one short claw; long claw approximately five times length of short claw. Each valve bearing laterally three exceptionally long sensilla with bifurcated ends. Male copulatory appendage with two distal processes, larger elongate, curved, smaller hook-shaped.</p> <p>Description of adult male (Figs 1–6)</p> <p>Carapace: Lateral view posterior more rounded than anterior. Dorsal margin strongly curved, with posterior and anterior angle. Ventral margin gently convex. LV larger than RV with most overlap dorsally. Dorsal view ovoid, posterior more rounded than anterior; LV with small lobe-like extension overlapping RV towards anterior margin. Hinge ‘visordont’ (see ‘The hinge of Terrestricythere ’, below, for formal definition), with two teeth on RV situated towards anterior and posterior margins and joined by ridge running along dorsal margin. Lobes interlock and rotate in two pits on hinge of LV. As carapace opens, dorsal portion of LV slides over RV (Fig. 3). Calcified inner lamella forms ‘U’ shape both anteriorly and posteriorly around pits on LV; calcified inner lamella anteriorly broader than posteriorly. Adductor muscle scars consisting of five elongate scars, slightly offset, but parallel with each other and anteriorly with one rounded scar (Fig. 3). Dorsally with six or seven small, round scars near ·</p> <p>hinge. Surface of valves smooth, but with approximately 142–153 normal pores on each valve, more densely packed towards ventral margin (Fig. 4). Dorsally, sensilla of pore systems simple, but further towards ventral margin sensilla become increasingly bushy. Marginal pore canals numerous with protruding bushy ‘shaving brush’ sensilla. Each valve with additional three unusually long sensilla (up to 145 Mm in length) originating from mid lateral position, often with bifurcating tip.</p> <p>An1: five segmented, robust and stout (Fig. 5). 1st podomere subquadrate. 2nd podomere subquadrate with one long and one shorter setae on ventral edge, one mid-apical seta and one short subapical-dorsal seta. 3rd podomere subquadrate with four apical setae. 4th podomere elongate, with four setae on dorsal edge and six dorsal-apical setae. 5th podomere with three apical setae and one apical aesthetasc.</p> <p>An2: robust, stout and biramous (Fig. 5). 1st podomere (coxa) broad, with one anterior-apical and one posterior-apical setae. 2nd podomere (basis) with one small mid-positioned seta, and one longer anterior apical seta. Exopodite protrudes from anterior-apical corner of basis; consists of small rounded plate supporting seven or eight long and one short setae; long setae reach past distal end of limb with short setules along distal half, and terminate in small hooks. Endopodite with three podomeres. 1st podomere with three posterior-proximal aesthetascs, one large and one smaller claw on posterior edge. 2nd podomere elongate with one posterior-subproximal aesthetasc, two claws on posterior edge, one aesthetasc and one claw in posterior-subapical position, two anteriorsubapical claws and two anterior-apical claws. 3rd podomere small and subquadrate apically with four claws and one aesthetasc.</p> <p>Md: coxa small, with reduced outer margin; with one seta on outer edge and five large and two smaller teeth (Fig. 5). Outermost tooth curved with setules, next tooth broad and rounded, with many small setules along edge. Other teeth robust and smooth. Basis with two setae on inner edge and branchial plate (exopodite) on outer edge consisting of one long seta with flat end. Endopodite consists of three quadrate podomeres. 1st podomere with two setae in innerproximal position and two inner-apical setulous setae. 2nd podomere with two outer-apical setae and one long, one short setae and one claw on inner-apical corner. 3rd podomere with one long, one mid-length and one short, curved claws. A row of eight closely spaced, setulous rake setae (= filter grille?) arising on palp near basis-endopodite joint; whether these setae inserted on basis or on proximal podomere of endopodite uncertain.</p> <p>Oesophagus: in living specimens an amber-coloured plate was observed through the carapace, apparently within the oesophagus, in mid-position, anterior of maximum height. In dissections the plate was seen to have numerous setules pointing up towards the stomach.</p> <p>Mx: endopodite with two segments, 1st podomere with one stout seta on outer edge and with one stout and one smaller setae on outer apical corner (Fig. 5). Final podomere quadrate, with two claws and two setae. 1st, 2nd and 3rd endites with numerous, setulous setae. Large, broad setulous seta originates near base of 2nd endite. Branchial plate with two large, broad, setulous reflexed setae and 18 setulous setae arranged around posterior edge.</p> <p>L5: four segmented (Fig. 6). Protopodite with exopodite inserted on posterior-distal edge and represented by one long, setulous seta. Apically, protopodite with one long and four shorter setae on inner edge. 1st endopodite podomere elongate with four spines, two setulous setae and numerous setules on anterior edge; 2nd small and rectangular, wider than long; 3rd with one small posterior-apical seta and apically fused with large, broad, proximally curved claw.</p> <p>L6: five segmented and robust (Fig. 6). Protopodite with exopodite inserted on posterior-distal edge and consisting of one long, setulous seta. Additionally with one seta on anterior edge and apically with three setae on anterior corner. 1st endopodite podomere elongate with numerous setules along anterior edge and with two large and two small claws on anterior-apical cor- ·</p> <p>ner. 2nd and 3rd endopodite podomeres both quadrate and each with one large and two small claws on anterior-apical corner. 4th endopodite podomere subquadrate with one small seta on posterior edge and apically with one large, and one smaller claw.</p> <p>L7: five segmented and slender (Fig. 6). Protopodite proximally broad with two setae on anterior edge, and two anterior-subapical setae; exopodite seta (posterior-proximal) apparently absent. 1st endopodite podomere proximally curve; 2nd without setae; 3rd with one small anterior-apical seta; 4th with one short, curved, smooth claw and one much longer smooth, curved claw.</p> <p>Fu: reduced to pair of small protuberances each bearing three small setulous setae, situated between bases of Hem (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Hem: rounded with triangular process at base (Fig. 6). Distally with two clasping processes. Smaller clasping process with hooked end, blunt process on inner edge and rounded lobe on outer edge. Larger clasping process elongate with convexly curved edges, inner edge more curved than outer edge, and with rounded end.</p> <p>Description of adult female</p> <p>Carapace, An1, An2, Md, Mx, L6 and L7 similar to those of adult male.</p> <p>L5: four segmented (Fig. 6). Protopodite with exopodite inserted on posterior-distal edge and consisting of one long, setulous seta. Apically, protopodite with one long and four shorter setae on inner edge. 1st endopodite podomere with one anterior-apical seta and numerous setules along anterior edge; 2nd with one large claw and two small spines on anterior-apical corner; 3rd subquadrate with one small seta on posterior edge and apically with one large, and one smaller claw.</p> <p>Fu: pair of small protuberances each bearing three short distal setae, situated between genital lobes.</p> <p>Female genitals: rounded lobe with wide internal duct (Fig. 6). Duct coiled at anterior end and straight posteriorly, terminating in rounded end.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>In addition to T. elisabethae sp. nov. there are two other described species belonging to the genus Terrestricythere: T. ivanovae Schornikov, 1969 and T. pratensis Schornikov, 1980. The carapace shape of T. elisabethae is most similar to that of T. pratensis, although our species is slightly higher in lateral view. In contrast, T. ivanovae is distinctly more elongate than T. elisabethae and T. pratensis. The three long, lateral sensilla on each valve in T. pratensis and T. elisabethae seem to be absent in T. ivanovae. The An1 of T. ivanovae has six articulated podomeres, compared with five in both T. pratensis and T. elisabethae.</p> <p>In other podocopid ostracod families the number of articulated podomeres is regarded as significant at generic level, e.g. in the Loxoconchidae (see Athersuch &amp; Horne, 1984), but we do not think it would serve any useful purpose at present to split the genus Terrestricythere on the basis of this character. Both T. ivanovae and T. pratensis have an L7 that terminates with a long claw and a shorter claw approximately half the length of the long claw (Fig. 7). In T. elisabethae the shorter claw of the L7 is only about 1/5th of the length of the long claw. Also the L7 endopodite of T. ivanovae has only three articulated podomeres (the distal two being fused), while T. elisabethae and T. pratensis have four.</p> <p>The hemipenes of all three species consist of a rounded basal capsule with two distal processes (Fig. 7). The outer edge of the larger process is smoothly curved in both in T. ivanovae and T. elisabethae, but in T. pratensis it is broader than in the other two species and bears an anvil-shaped protuberance on its outer edge which is pointed at both ends. The smaller process is short and rather quadrate in T. ivanovae, narrow and curved in T. pratensis, and rather broad and distinctly hook-shaped in T. elisabethae.</p> <p>Schornikov’s (1969) original illustration of the L7 of T. ivanovae was misinterpreted by Horne, Cohen &amp; Martens (2002: 33) who included the incorrect statement... ‘Seventh limb bearing a branchial plate with three rays’... in their diagnosis of the Terrestricytheroidea; the apparent branchial plate is in fact the furca.</p> <p>Ontogeny</p> <p>The following section does not provide a detailed description of each instar, but notes the changes from one instar to the next.</p> <p>Instar A-8</p> <p>Carapace: Length 130 Mm, height 90 Mm (one specimen measured). Uncalcified and flexible, rounded, smooth surface. Dorsal margin strongly curved, ventral margin gently curved. Hinge adont. Each valve with three pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: five podomeres, last four all wider than long (Fig. 8). 3rd podomere with one rounded, broad, dorsal-apical seta; 4th with two broad, short, rounded apical setae; 5th with four short, broad, rounded, apical setae.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/74788546FFB45136FF35FF56FCA3F895	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horne, David J.;Smith, Robin J.;Whittaker, John E.;Murray, John W.	Horne, David J., Smith, Robin J., Whittaker, John E., Murray, John W. (2004): The first British record and a new species of the superfamily Terrestricytheroidea (Crustacea, Ostracoda): morphology, ontogeny, lifestyle and phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142 (2): 253-288, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x
74788546FFBC512DFF2BFF6AFA58F88B.text	74788546FFBC512DFF2BFF6AFA58F88B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terrestricythere elisabethae Horne & Smith & Whittaker & Murray 2004	<div><p>T. elisabethae sp. nov.</p> <p>An2: five podomeres, coxa large and broad (Fig. 8). Basis wider than long. Exopodite plate with one broad, rounded, short seta. 1st endopodite podomere with two short, lobe-like setae on posterior edge; 2nd with one short and one longer lobe-like posterior-apical setae. Final podomere with four rounded, lobe-like setae, two larger of which are hooked.</p> <p>Md: segmentation indistinct (Fig. 8). Lobe on inner edge incipient coxa (?). Palp with two lobes on inner edge and terminates with three small lobes.</p> <p>Lobe X: lobe anterior to Fu; elongate and hook shaped (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Fu: rami triangular in shape, broad base, slightly curved distally (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Ab: lobe at posterior of body, with rounded end (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Instar A-7</p> <p>Carapace: length 152–160 Mm, height 96–100 Mm. Calcified (Fig. 2). Lateral view rounded, with LV overlapping RV. Anterior slightly more rounded than posterior. Maximum height approximately at mid-length. Dorsal margin strongly curved, ventral margin straight. RV with list. Carapace surface smooth. Each valve with nine pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: all setae more robust, and longer than in previous instar (Fig. 8). 2nd podomere with additional apical seta. 5th podomere with three apical setae and one apical aesthetasc.</p> <p>An2: exopodite now with one long seta with hooked end, one short seta and one small lobe (Fig. 8). Basis with additional one small mid-positioned seta. 2nd endopodite podomere with one posterior-apical claw and one aesthetasc. Final podomere with three stout claws and one bent aesthetasc.</p> <p>Md: coxa with four teeth and one subapical seta on outer edge (Fig. 8). Exopodite consisting of one long seta. 1st endopodite podomere with three apical setae on inner corner; 2nd with one apical claw and one apical seta on inner corner; 3rd with three claws.</p> <p>Mx: Anlage consisting of rounded lobe, directly behind Md (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Fu: rami short, stout and rounded, with many setules on posterior edge (Fig. 8), terminating with two short, stout claws and one long claw with thin seta protruding from distal half; seta longer than claw.</p> <p>Ab: directly posterior of Fu, consisting of stout setulous end (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Instar A-6</p> <p>Carapace: length 170–190 Mm, height 105–130 Mm. Carapace shape similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 2). Each valve with 18 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: 2nd podomere with additional small, stout seta on dorsal-apical corner (Fig. 9). 4th podomere with additional apical claw and seta.</p> <p>An2: coxa with additional seta on posterior edge (Fig. 9). Exopodite with one additional long, hooked seta. 1st endopodite podomere with two additional aesthetascs on posterior edge; 2nd with one additional claw on anterior-apical corner.</p> <p>Md: coxa with additional tooth (Fig. 9). 2nd endopodite podomere with additional seta on outer-apical corner.</p> <p>Mx: transformed from Anlage to feeding appendage; palp simple, not segmented, terminating in one stout, curved claw (Fig. 9). 3rd endite terminates with one stout seta, 2nd with three, 1st with two. Branchial plate formed (number of setae unknown as folded in all specimens).</p> <p>Fu: each ramus with additional long claw, similar to pre-existing long claw, with thin seta protruding from distal half (Fig. 9).</p> <p>Instar A-5</p> <p>Carapace: length 205–220 Mm, height 128–144 Mm. Overall shape similar to previous instar (Fig. 2). Each valve with 35 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 10).</p> <p>An2: 1st endopodite podomere with one additional aesthetasc, now forming group of three (Fig. 10). Exopodite with additional long, hooked seta, forming group of three long setae, one short seta and one small lobe.</p> <p>Md: additional seta protruding from inner edge of basis (Fig. 10).</p> <p>Mx: endopodite segmented; 1st podomere with one stout, curved seta on apical-outer edge (Fig. 10). 2nd podomere with additional stout apical seta, forming group of two. Endites with numerous apical setae (number unknown).</p> <p>L5: Anlage; rounded elongate lobe, tapering distally to point (Fig. 10).</p> <p>Fu: similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 10).</p> <p>Instar A-4</p> <p>Carapace: length 235–260 Mm, height 152–163 Mm. Overall shape similar to previous instar (Fig. 2). Each valve with 47–50 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: 2nd podomere with additional long seta on ventral edge; 4th with additional apical short seta, forming group of five (Fig. 11).</p> <p>An2: coxa with additional seta on anterior edge (Fig. 11). Exopodite with four long setae. 2nd endopodite podomere with new aesthetasc on posterior edge and small claw on anterior-apical corner; 3rd with four stout claws.</p> <p>Md: endopodite with two new setae on inner edge (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Mx: endopodite with one new apical seta on 1st podomere and new apical seta on final podomere. Additional large, broad, setulous seta near base of 2nd endite (Fig. 11).</p> <p>L5: transformed from Anlage; four podomeres, 1st podomere (protopodite) robust and broad, tapering distally, with three small, stout, anterior-apical claws and long seta (exopodite) on posterior edge. 2nd podomere elongate; 3rd quadrate with small anteriorapical spine; 4th trapezoid with one small seta on posterior edge, one small apical claw and one long apical claw (Fig. 11).</p> <p>L6: Anlage; rounded elongate lobe, tapering distally to point (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Fu: each ramus reduced to two small spines and one long claw (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Instar A-3</p> <p>Carapace: length 287–300 Mm, height 178–185 Mm. Overall shape similar to previous instar (Fig. 2). Each valve with 55–59 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: 2nd podomere with extra seta on ventral edge next to existing long seta (Fig. 12). 4th podomere with two new setae at mid-point of dorsal edge.</p> <p>An2: basis with additional seta on anterior-apical corner (Fig. 12). Exopodite with one new, long, seta producing group of five long and one short setae. 2nd endopodite podomere with additional, small, stout claw on posterior edge and small stout claw on anterior-apical corner.</p> <p>Md: endopodite with extra seta on outer-apical corner of 2nd podomere (Fig. 12).</p> <p>Mx: endopodite with new seta on outer edge of 1st podomere (Fig. 12).</p> <p>L5: 3rd podomere with additional small spine on anterior-apical corner (Fig. 13).</p> <p>L6: transformed from Anlage (Fig. 13). 1st podomere large and robust with one seta on anterior-apical corner; 2nd elongate; 3rd elongate with small, stout claw on anterior-apical corner; 4th small and trapezoid, with small seta on posterior edge and one long claw and one shorter claw apically.</p> <p>L7: Anlage; rounded elongate lobe, tapering distally to point (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Fu: Each ramus reduced further to two small, setulous claws (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Instar A-2</p> <p>Carapace: length 343–360 Mm, height 218–230 Mm. Overall shape similar to previous instar (Fig. 2). Each valve with 71–80 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: 3rd podomere with additional apical seta; 4th with extra seta along dorsal edge and additional seta on ventral-apical corner (Fig. 14).</p> <p>An2: exopodite with additional long seta (Fig. 14).</p> <p>Md: basis with two extra setae on inner edge (Fig. 14). 1st endopodite podomere with one additional seta on inner edge and two new setae on outer edge.</p> <p>Mx: 1st endopodite podomere with extra seta on outer-apical edge (Fig. 15).</p> <p>L5: protopodite with additional stout seta on anteriorapical corner and additional long, subapical seta (Fig. 15).</p> <p>L6: now with five podomeres as result of 3rd podomere in previous instar dividing into two (Fig. 15). Protopodite with additional long seta (exopodite) on posterior edge. 2nd podomere with new spine on anterior-apical corner. 3rd podomere wider than long and with robust spine on anterior-apical corner. 4th podomere wider than long and with robust spine and three smaller spines on anterior-apical corner. Final podomere similar to that of final podomere in previous instar.</p> <p>L7: Transformed into appendage with four podomeres (Fig. 15). 1st podomere elongate, with two small, stout, anterior-apical setae; 2nd and 3rd elongate; 4th small, trapezoid, with one short, curved claw and one long, curved claw.</p> <p>Fu: Similar to previous instar (Fig. 15).</p> <p>Instar A-1</p> <p>Carapace: Length 413–426 Mm, height 265–265 Mm. Overall shape similar to previous instar (Fig. 2). Each valve with 99–106 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1: 3rd podomere with two additional, stout apical setae, producing group of four; 4th with one extra,</p> <p>stout setae in mid-length position producing group of four (Fig. 16).</p> <p>An2: Exopodite with additional long seta, producing group of seven long and one short setae. 1st endopodite podomere with one new, small claw on posterior-apical corner; 2nd with one additional claw on posterior edge and one new anterior-apical claw (Fig. 16).</p> <p>Md: 2nd podomere of endopodite with additional small, apical seta on inner edge (Fig. 16).</p> <p>Mx: similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 16).</p> <p>L5: 3rd podomere with additional small, anteriorapical spine (Fig. 17).</p> <p>L6: 1st podomere with two additional setae on anterior edge, and one new anterior-apical seta (Fig. 17).</p> <p>L7: now with five podomeres with 3rd podomere in previous instar dividing. 1st podomere with additional small seta on anterior edge (Fig. 17).</p> <p>Fu: similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 17).</p> <p>Instar adult</p> <p>Carapace: length 480–500 Mm, height 322–340 Mm. Dorsal margin slightly more inflated than in previous instar. Each valve with 142–153 pore systems (Fig. 4).</p> <p>An1, An2, Md and Mx: similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 5).</p> <p>L5: male L5 with two long and three short stout setae on anterior edge (Fig. 6). 4th podomere used with large terminal hook. Female L5 similar to that of previous instar (Fig. 6).</p> <p>L6: 2nd, 3rd and 4th podomeres each with one additional small, anterior-apical spine (Fig. 6).</p> <p>L7: more elongate than in previous instar (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Fu: in males fused with base of hemipenes (Fig. 6). Similar to previous instar in females (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Hem: fully developed (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Remarks on ontogeny</p> <p>The appearance of limbs through ontogeny of Terrestricythere elisabethae sp. nov. is generally similar to that of other podocopid superfamilies, such as the Cypridoidea, Cytheroidea and Bairdioidea (Fig. 20). The first instar (A-8) of the Cypridoidea, Cytheroidea and Terrestricytheroidea consists of the antennulae, antennae and the Anlagen of the mandibles (Fig. 21)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/74788546FFBC512DFF2BFF6AFA58F88B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horne, David J.;Smith, Robin J.;Whittaker, John E.;Murray, John W.	Horne, David J., Smith, Robin J., Whittaker, John E., Murray, John W. (2004): The first British record and a new species of the superfamily Terrestricytheroidea (Crustacea, Ostracoda): morphology, ontogeny, lifestyle and phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142 (2): 253-288, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x
74788546FFA15127FC83F9B9FDDDF91F.text	74788546FFA15127FC83F9B9FDDDF91F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terrestricythere elisabethae Horne & Smith & Whittaker & Murray 2004	<div><p>LIFESTYLE OF TERRESTRICYTHERE ELISABETHAE</p> <p>SP. NOV.</p> <p>Habitat</p> <p>Terrestricythere elisabethae sp. nov. has been recovered from the high part of the intertidal and salt marsh zones of two small tidally influenced rivers on the south coast of England. The habitats are shady and north facing and have patches of reeds growing along the mud banks of the rivers (Fig. 18). Oak and other deciduous trees grow just above the intertidal zone at both localities; trees overhang and provide</p> <p>An1, antennule L5, fifth limb</p> <p>An2, antenna L6, sixth limb Limb resembling that of the adult</p> <p>Md, mandible L7, seventh limb Anlage of the limb</p> <p>Mx, maxillula F, furca</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/74788546FFA15127FC83F9B9FDDDF91F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horne, David J.;Smith, Robin J.;Whittaker, John E.;Murray, John W.	Horne, David J., Smith, Robin J., Whittaker, John E., Murray, John W. (2004): The first British record and a new species of the superfamily Terrestricytheroidea (Crustacea, Ostracoda): morphology, ontogeny, lifestyle and phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142 (2): 253-288, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x
74788546FF96511DFCB2F999FF22FA69.text	74788546FF96511DFCB2F999FF22FA69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terrestricythere Schornikov 1969	<div><p>BIOGEOGRAPHY OF TERRESTRICYTHERE</p> <p>Living populations (represented by large numbers of individuals) of Terrestricythere species have only been found in two parts of the world: the coastal regions of the NW Pacific (Kuril Islands and near Vladivostok) (Schornikov, 1969, 1980) and the coast of southern England (as described herein). As discussed above, we do not consider the record of two specimens from a lake in France (Scharf &amp; Keyser, 1991) to be adequate evidence of a viable living population.</p> <p>Podocopida Cytheroidea Ishizaki, 1968 1913)</p> <p>.</p> <p>Cypridoidea Eucypris virens (Jurine, 1820),1870)</p> <p>Furcal rami of A-6 instars Not drawn to scale</p> <p>sp.</p> <p>This presents us with an interesting problem: do the English populations represent a hitherto unrecognized component of the native British fauna, or an invasion of an alien species? The fact that Terrestricythere has never previously been reported in the British Isles (in spite of more than a century and a half of collecting on British coasts by many ostracod specialists) could be explained by its unusual habitat, which is likely to have been ignored by those seeking ostracods, but it could also be an indication that it has been introduced to the area relatively recently. The northwest Pacific region is home to two known Terrestricythere species and, as little ostracod research has been done in that area, it could harbour more, perhaps being the centre of distribution of this genus. Its ability to survive in merely damp conditions for weeks or months would clearly be advantageous to transport by migrating birds (as has been proposed for cypridoidean ostracods with resting eggs; see, e.g. Horne &amp; Smith, 2004), which, as we have already noted, would help to explain the isolated records in France and at Porlock.</p> <p>Transport by human activity is another possibility, and we speculate that the transfer of amphibious mil-</p> <p>A-7 Pore Systems</p> <p>Terrestricythere Loxoconcha Uncinocythere occidentalis elisabethae sp. nov. uranouchiensis Ishizaki, 1968 (Kozlof f &amp; Whitman, 1954) Terrestricytheroidea (Loxoconchidae) (Entocytheridae) Cytheroidea Cytheroidea itary vehicles and/or aircraft between the north-west Pacific and north-west Europe during World War II might have provided opportunities for introducing the ostracod to Britain. Whether T. elisabethae is a rare British endemic or a potentially damaging invader, it deserves greater attention than it has hitherto received.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/74788546FF96511DFCB2F999FF22FA69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horne, David J.;Smith, Robin J.;Whittaker, John E.;Murray, John W.	Horne, David J., Smith, Robin J., Whittaker, John E., Murray, John W. (2004): The first British record and a new species of the superfamily Terrestricytheroidea (Crustacea, Ostracoda): morphology, ontogeny, lifestyle and phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142 (2): 253-288, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00134.x
