identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
7F0D87D3FFA2FFF2FF7D1B767FA8D909.text	7F0D87D3FFA2FFF2FF7D1B767FA8D909.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactopus F. Smith 1856	<div><p>Identification key for species of subgenus Harpactopus</p><p>Males</p><p>1. Arolia absent; labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely shortened, club-shaped (Fig. 5a, b); maxillar palpomere 6 inconspicuous (Fig. 6a, b); S6 with pair of teeth posterolaterally (Fig. 7a, b); placoids on F3–F6 broad, flat (Fig. 4d) ( persicus group) ........ 2</p><p>– Arolia present; labial palpomeres 2–4 short, usual or elongate, not club-shaped; maxillar palpomere 6 conspicuous; S6 entire or angularly convex posterolaterally, without teeth; placoids on flagellomeres narrow or broad.......................... 3</p><p>2. Labial palpomere 1 elongate: 3–4 × as long as combined length of club-shaped palpomeres 2–4 (Fig. 5a); S6 with distinctly prominent teeth posterolaterally (Fig. 7a)............................................. P. (H.) persicus (Mocsáry)</p><p>– Labial palpomere 1 short: 1–1.5 × as long as combined length of club-shaped palpomeres 2–4 (Fig. 5b); S6 with slightly prominent teeth posterolaterally (Fig. 7b)........................................... P. (H.) radoszkowskyi (Kohl)</p><p>3. Placoids on F3–F6 broad with medial line of setae (Fig. 4f); labial palpomere 2 most elongate (Fig. 5i); Australia ( globosus group) ........................................................................ P. (H.) globosus (F. Smith)</p><p>– Placoids on flagellomeres broad or narrow, not bold without medial line of setae................................... 4</p><p>4. S6 angularly convex posterolaterally (Fig. 7c, d); placoids on F3–F6 broad, flat (Fig. 4d); labial palpomeres 2–4 short (Fig. 5c, d) ( macula group) .................................................................................... 5</p><p>– S6 entire; placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed; labial palpomeres 2–4 usual or elongate...................... 7</p><p>5. Scutum without appressed, silvery setae................................................ P. (H.) chobauti (Roth)</p><p>– Scutum with appressed, silvery setae..................................................................... 6</p><p>6. Pronotum and vertex with appressed, silvery setae; wings dark or smoky.................... P. (H.) macula (Fabricius)</p><p>– Pronotum and vertex without appressed, silvery setae; wings intensely dark with purple reflexes... P. (H.) funebris (Berland)</p><p>7. Wings dark; labial palpomeres distinctly elongate: palpomere 3 5 × as long as wide or longer (Fig. 5g, h); reccurent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle ( stschurowskii group) ................................................................................................... 8</p><p>– Wings yellow, dark or smoky; labial palpomeres usual: palpomere 3 3 × as long as wide (Fig. 5e, f); recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III ( crudelis group).................................................... 9</p><p>8. F3–F6 with placoids (Fig. 4c); face with appressed, silvery setae................ P. (H.) stschurowskii (Radoszkowski)</p><p>– F3–F8 (in some specimens F3–F7) with placoids (Fig. 4e); face without appressed, silvery setae................................................................................................ P. (H.) melanotus (F. Morawitz)</p><p>9. Wings yellow or dark; body black....................................................................... 10</p><p>– Wings smoky or slightly yellowish basally; body brownish................................................... 14</p><p>10. Propodeal enclosure with black setae not concealing integument; body length often smaller, up to 18 mm .............. 11</p><p>– Propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae moderately concealing integument; body length often larger, more than 18 mm ........................................................................................ 12</p><p>11. F3–F6 with placoids (Fig. 4c); S4–S6 without long black setae........................ P. (H.) subfuscatus (Dahlbom)</p><p>– F3–F4 with placoids (Fig. 4b); S4–S6 with long black setae apically........................ P. (H.) saevus (F. Smith)</p><p>12. Wings dark...................................................................... P. (H.) indus (Linnaeus)</p><p>– Wings yellow....................................................................................... 13</p><p>13. F3–F5 with placoids (Fig. 4a); mesopleuron ventrally rugose............................. P. (H.) crudelis (F. Smith)</p><p>– F3–F4 with placoids (Fig. 4b); mesopleuron ventrally smooth and shiny with sparse punctures.................................................................................................. P. (H.) judaeus (de Beaumont)</p><p>14. North Africa...................................................................... P. (H.) reymondi (Roth)</p><p>– Iran ...................................................................... P. (H.) zarudnyi (Gussakovskij)</p><p>Females</p><p>1. Arolia absent; tarsal rake with short, stout, bladelike setae; labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely shortened, club-shaped (Fig. 5a, b); maxillar palpomere 6 inconspicuous (Fig. 6a, b) ( persicus group) ........................................... 2</p><p>– Arolia present; tarsal rake with long bladelike and hairlike setae; labial palpomeres 2–4 short, usual or elongate, not club-shaped; maxillar palpomere 6 conspicuous................................................................. 3</p><p>2. Labial palpomere 1 elongate: 3–4 × as long as combined length of club-shaped palpomere 2–4 (Fig. 5a); scutum with appressed, silvery setae and thick, black, erect setae............................................. P. (H.) persicus (Mocsáry)</p><p>– Labial palpomere 1 short: 1–1.5 × as long as combined length of club-shaped palpomere 2–4 (Fig. 5b); scutum with black erect setae, without appressed, silvery setae............................................. P. (H.) radoszkowskyi (Kohl)</p><p>3. Clypeus with U-shaped median notch (Fig. 1); recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III; labial palpomeres 2–4 usual (Fig. 5e, f); wings yellow, dark or smoky ( crudelis group) ............................................ 4</p><p>– Clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly; labial palpomeres 2–4 short or elongate; wings dark, smoky, or dark with purple reflexes........................................................................................... 10</p><p>4. Wings yellow or dark; body black........................................................................ 5</p><p>– Wings smoky or slightly yellowish basally; body brownish.................................................... 9</p><p>5. Head and mesosoma with dark setae; propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae; tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some hairlike setae................................................................... 7</p><p>– Head and mesosoma with pale setae; propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae, only with sparse light setae; tarsal rake of foreleg only with some long, stout, bladelike setae.................................................... 6</p><p>6. Mandible black; Palaearctic, Afrotropical and Oriental regions........................ P. (H.) subfuscatus (Dahlbom)</p><p>– Mandible reddish mesally; Australasian region......................................... P. (H.) saevus (F. Smith)</p><p>7. Wings dark...................................................................... P. (H.) indus (Linnaeus)</p><p>– Wings yellow........................................................................................ 8</p><p>8. Mesopleuron ventrally rugose; larger: 24–35 mm ...................................... P. (H.) crudelis (F. Smith)</p><p>– Mesopleuron ventrally smooth and shiny with sparse punctures; smaller: up to 24 mm ...... P. (H.) judaeus (de Beaumont)</p><p>9. North Africa...................................................................... P. (H.) reymondi (Roth)</p><p>– Iran ...................................................................... P. (H.) zarudnyi (Gussakovskij)</p><p>10. Labial palpomeres 2–4 short (Fig. 5c, d) ( macula group) .................................................... 12</p><p>– Labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate (Fig. 5g, h, i)............................................................. 11</p><p>11. Mandible reddish; labial palpomere 2 most elongate (Fig. 5i); tarsal rake of foreleg with long, hairlike setae and short, stout, bladelike setae; Australia ( globosus group) ........................................... P. (H.) globosus (F. Smith)</p><p>– Mandible black; labial palpomere 2–4 elongate (Fig. 5g, h); tarsal rake of foreleg with long, bladelike and numerous long, fine, hairlike setae; Palaearctic ( stschurowskii group)........................................................... 14</p><p>12. Scutum without appressed, silvery setae (Fig. 8a)........................................ P. (H.) chobauti (Roth)</p><p>– Scutum with appressed, silvery setae.................................................................... 13</p><p>13. Pronotum and vertex with appressed, silvery setae (Fig. 8c); wings dark or smoky............ P. (H.) macula (Fabricius)</p><p>– Pronotum and vertex without appressed, silvery setae (Fig. 8b); wings intensely dark with purple reflexes.............................................................................................. P. (H.) funebris (Berland)</p><p>14. Face, pronotum and scutum with appressed, silvery setae (Fig. 8h)............... P. (H.) stschurowskii (Radoszkowski)</p><p>– Face, pronotum and scutum without appressed, silvery setae (Fig. 8e)................. P. (H.) melanotus (F. Morawitz)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA2FFF2FF7D1B767FA8D909	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D1E1879CDDF80.text	7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D1E1879CDDF80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactopus F. Smith 1856	<div><p>Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856</p><p>Harpactopus F. Smith 1856:264 .</p><p>Type species: Harpactopus crudelis F. Smith, 1856, by subsequent designation of Patton 1880:384. Junior subjective synonym of Sphex Linnaeus, 1758 according to Kohl 1890:106 and Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 by Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:39. Resurrected to subgeneric status by Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:430.</p><p>Gastrosphaeria A. Costa 1858:10 .</p><p>Type species: Gastrosphaeria anthracina A. Costa, 1858 [= Sphex subfuscatus Dahlbom, 1845], by monotypy. Junior subjective synonym of Sphex Linnaeus, 1758 according to Kohl 1890:106 and Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 according to Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:39. Junior subjective synonym of Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856 (type species of Gastrosphaeria belongs to the same species group as type species of Harpactopus).</p><p>Group of crudelis of Bohart &amp; Menke 1963.</p><p>Groups of subfuscatus and macula of de Beaumont 1968.</p><p>Group of globosus of Bohart &amp; Menke 1963.</p><p>Diagnosis. The subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith is characterized by the claws with two ventral teeth, male antennae with distinct placoids, female clypeus entire or with U-shaped median notch, metapleuron channel-like, and metasoma wholly black.</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas of the Old World and Australasia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D1E1879CDDF80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D19667AD4DDA5.text	7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D19667AD4DDA5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Harpactopus crudelis F. Smith 1856	<div><p>crudelis species group</p><p>Note. The species group name crudelis is used in this paper after Bohart &amp; Menke 1963, 1976 because Harpactopus crudelis F. Smith is the type species of Harpactopus .</p><p>Diagnosis. ♂ ♀: labial palpomeres 2–4 usual; arolia present; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. ♂: placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed; S6 entire, without teeth. ♀: clypeus with Ushaped median notch; tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some hairlike setae or only with some long, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Included species: Prionyx crudelis (F. Smith, 1856), P. indus (Linnaeus, 1758), P. judaeus (de Beaumont, 1968), P. reymondi (Roth, 1954), P. saevus (F. Smith, 1856), P. subfuscatus (Dahlbom, 1845), P. zarudnyi (Gussakovskij, 1933) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D19667AD4DDA5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D1A8A7917DCE1.text	7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D1A8A7917DCE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx globosus (F. Smith 1856)	<div><p>globosus species group</p><p>Diagnosis. ♂ ♀: labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate; arolia present; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. ♂: placoids on flagellomeres broad with medial line of setae; S6 entire, without teeth. ♀: clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly; tarsal rake of foreleg with long, hairlike setae and short, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Included species: Prionyx globosus (F. Smith, 1856) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA0FFF2FF7D1A8A7917DCE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1CEF7FB6DA8D.text	7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1CEF7FB6DA8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx macula (Fabricius 1804)	<div><p>macula species group</p><p>Diagnosis. ♂ ♀: labial palpomeres 2–4 short, not club-shaped; arolia present; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. ♂: placoids on F3–F6 broad, flat; S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, without teeth. ♀: clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly; tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike or bladelike setae.</p><p>Included species: Prionyx chobauti (Roth, 1925), P. funebris (Berland, 1926), P. macula (Fabricius, 1804) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1CEF7FB6DA8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1DA37EB3D9C9.text	7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1DA37EB3D9C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx persicus (Mocsary 1883)	<div><p>persicus species group</p><p>Diagnosis. ♂ ♀: labial palpus extremely shortened, inconspicuous, labial palpomeres 2–4 club-shaped; maxillar palpomere 6 inconspicuous; arolia absent; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. ♂: placoids on F3–F6 broad, flat; S6 with pair teeth posterolaterally. ♀: clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly; tarsal rake with short, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Included species: Prionyx persicus (Mocsáry, 1883), P. radoszkowskyi (Kohl, 1888) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1DA37EB3D9C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1F677F10DF15.text	7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1F677F10DF15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphex stschurowskii (Radoszkowski 1877)	<div><p>stschurowskii species group</p><p>Diagnosis. ♂ ♀: labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate; arolia present; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. ♂: placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed; S6 entire, without teeth. ♀: clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly; tarsal rake of foreleg with long, bladelike and long, fine, hairlike setae.</p><p>Included species: Prionyx melanotus (F. Morawitz, 1890), P. stschurowskii (Radoszkowski, 1877) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA7FFF5FF7D1F677F10DF15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA7FFF4FF7D181B7EE7DAA9.text	7F0D87D3FFA7FFF4FF7D181B7EE7DAA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) chobauti (Roth 1925)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) chobauti (Roth, 1925)</p><p>(Figs 2b, 8a, 9a)</p><p>Sphex (Harpactopus) Chobauti Roth 1925:388 . Syntypes: ♀, ♂, “Aïn-Sefra” [Algeria: Naâma Province: Ain Sefra], “Sidibou-Rziguine” [Morocco: Kenitra Province: Sidi Bou Rziguine], “Dar-Salem” [Morocco: Kenitra Province: Dar-Salem] (MNHN).— Berland 1926:200; de Beaumont 1951:268; Leclercq 1955:26; de Beaumont 1956:181.— As Priononyx chobauti: de Beaumont 1968:150.— As Prionyx chobauti: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:432; Pulawski 2024: 4.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. chobauti closely resemble P. macula and P. funebris in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 short, and the male in having F3–F6 with broad placoids, S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, but differ in having the vertex, pronotum and the scutum without dense, appressed, silvery setae ( P. macula and P. funebris has the scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae).</p><p>Both sexes of P. chobauti resemble P. persicus, and P. radoszkowskyi in habitus, and the male in having F3–F6 with broad placoids. They differ from P. persicus, and P. radoszkowskyi in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 short, conspicuous, and the arolia present ( P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi have the labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, club-shaped, and the arolia absent). Unlike P. stschurowskii and P. persicus the female of P. chobauti has the scutum with no appressed, silvery setae.</p><p>Description. Head. Labrum trapeziform; labial palpomeres 2–4 short, conspicuous. Clypeus laterally and posteriorly, paraocular area anteriorly with semiappressed, brownish setae, not concealing integument; frons, vertex, occiput and gena slightly shiny, microsculptured, with black erect setae. Mesosoma . Pronotum and scutum rugose, with sparse, semiappressed, brownish setae, not concealing integument, and with black erect setae. Scutellum longitudinally depressed, punctate and rugose. Metanotum tuberculate and longitudinally depressed dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose, with black erect setae. Wings intensely dark; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with two ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 20–25 mm. Head. F3–F6 with broad, flat placoids. Metasoma. S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 24–28 mm. Head. Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly; clypeal disk moderately convex, with transverse oval depression anteriorly. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long and some short, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Material examined. MOROCCO. Gharb-Chrarda-Béni Hssen: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-6.5833335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -6.5833335/lat 34.25)">Kenitra</a> [34°15’N, 6°35’W], 23.V.1947, J. de Beaumont (1 ♀, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Parts of North African arid and semi-arid areas (Algeria, Libya and Morocco).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA7FFF4FF7D181B7EE7DAA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA6FFF6FF7D1D877BBCDF31.text	7F0D87D3FFA6FFF6FF7D1D877BBCDF31.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) crudelis (F. Smith 1856)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) crudelis (F. Smith, 1856)</p><p>(Figs 1a, 4a, 8d, 9b, 11c)</p><p>Sphex rufipennis Fabricius 1793:200, sex not stated. Syntypes: ♀, “Tranquebariae” [now Tharangambadi, Tamil Nadu, India] (ZMUC), junior primary homonym of Sphex rufipennis De Geer, 1778 .— As Sphex umbrosus var. rufipennis: Ashmead 1904:150.</p><p>Sphex hirtipes Fabricius 1793:207, sex not stated. Holotype or syntypes: “ Guinea ” [Guinea] (type lost according to van der Vecht 1961:32), junior primary homonym of Sphex hirtipes De Geer, 1778 . Tentatively synonymized with Sphex (Harpactopus) aegyptius by Kohl 1890:351.— Kohl 1890:445; Dalla Torre 1897:425; van der Vecht 1961:32; Krombein 1984:9 — As tentative synonym of Sphex obscurus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:115.— As tentative synonym of Prionyx crudelis: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133.— As Pepsis hirtipes: Fabricius 1804:212.</p><p>Sphex AEgyptia Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau 1845:356, sex not stated. Lectotype: ♀, “ Egypte ” [Egypt: no specific locality] (MRSN), designated by Menke in Bohart and Menke 1976:133, junior primary homonym of Sphex aegyptius Linnaeus, 1758 .— As Chlorion (Harpactopus) aegyptium: Arnold 1928:359.</p><p>Harpactopus crudelis F. Smith 1856:264, ♀. Holotype or syntypes: ♀, “Madras” [now Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India] (BMNH). Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau by Kohl 1885:181.— As Priononyx (Harpactopus) crudelis: van der Vecht 1961:34.— As Sphex crudelis: de Beaumont 1949:127.— As Chlorion crudele: Derwesh 1965:70.— As Prionyx crudelis: Myartseva 1966:48; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:5.</p><p>Sphex grandis Radoszkowski 1876:132, ♂. Holotype or syntypes: ♂, “ Abyssinie ” [now Ethiopia: no specific locality] (ISEZ). Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius by Ed. André 1888:9.</p><p>Sphex aegyptius var. turcomanicus Radoszkowski 1893:58, sex not stated [most likely ♂]. Syntypes: “Sérax” [now Sarahs, Ahal Province, Turkmenistan] (ISEZ).</p><p>As Sphex (Harpactopus) soror: Honoré 1944:69, corrected to Prionyx crudelis by Pulawski 2024:7.</p><p>Full faunal records bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:5.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. crudelis closely resemble P. subfuscatus, P. saevus, P. judaeus, and P. indus . The female of P. crudelis differs from P. subfuscatus and P. saevus in having the head and mesosoma with dark setae, the propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, the tarsal rake of the foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some hairlike setae ( P. subfuscatus and P. saevus have the head and mesosoma with pale setae, propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae, tarsal rake of foreleg only with some long, stout, bladelike setae). The male of P. crudelis differs from P. subfuscatus and P. saevus in larger size: body length more than 18 mm, and in having the propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae (body length up to 18 mm in P. subfuscatus and P. saevus, and the propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae).</p><p>Unlike P. indus, both sexes of P. crudelis have the wings yellow (the wings dark in P. indus).</p><p>Both sexes of P. crudelis differ from P. judaeus in having the mesopleuron ventrally rugose (the mesopleuron ventrally smooth and shiny with sparse punctures in P. judaeus). The male of P. crudelis differs from P. judaeus in having F3–F5 with placoids (F3–F4 with placoids in P. judaeus).</p><p>Description. Body black with black erect setae. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 usual. Vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, punctate. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally, finely rugose, with black erect setae. Scutum punctatorugose, slightly shiny. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, longitudinlly rugose. Metanotum distinctly tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose, with black erect setae, not concealing integument, except propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, moderately concealing integument. Wings yellow in venation zone, smoky apically; veins light brown to yellow; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 22–33 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Mandible black and dark brown mesally. F3–F5 with narrow, depressed placoids. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 24–40 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform, emarginate apically. Clypeus angulate, with Ushaped median notch; anterior margin of clypeal disk slightly beak-like hangs over notch. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, concealing integument. Mesosoma . Pronotum with sparse appressed, silvery setae, not concealing integument. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. AFGHANISTAN. Uruzgan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.366665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.25/lat 33.366665)">Gizab</a> [33°22’N, 66°15’E], 8–15.VI.1970, O. Kabakov (2 ♀, ZISP) . IRAN. Sistan and Baluchestan Province: Mirjaveh County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=61.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 61.233334/lat 28.783333)">Siah Jangal</a> [28°47’N, 61°14’E], 11–12.V.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Iranshahr County, Bazman District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.166668/lat 27.85)">Bazman</a> [27°51’N, 60°10’E], 3–5.VIII.1898, N. Zarudny (2 ♂, ZISP) ; Zahedan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.85/lat 29.983334)">Harmak</a> [29°59’N, 60°51’E], 11.VI.1898, N. Zarudny (2 ♂, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.85/lat 29.5)">Zahedan</a> [formerly Duzzap or Duzdab] [29°30’N, 60°51’E], 28.V.1955, D. Steinberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; 14–18.V.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♂, ZISP); South Khorasan Province: Darmian County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.216667/lat 33.0)">Gazik</a> [33°00’N, 60°13’E], 12–13.VII.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; TAJIKISTAN. Khatlon Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.03333/lat 36.983334)">Ayvadj</a> [36°59’N, 68°2’E], 3.VIII.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.183334/lat 37.4)">Qabodiyon</a> [37°24’N, 68°11’E], 27.VI.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.76667/lat 37.816666)">Bokhtar</a> [formerly Qurghonteppa or Kurgan-Tyube] [37°49’N, 68°46’E], 31.V.1931, N. Fursov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Dusti District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.51667/lat 37.483334)">Jilikul</a> [37°29’N, 68°31’E], 12.VI.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 30.IX.1931, N. Fursov (1 ♂, ZISP); Panj District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.1/lat 37.233334)">Panj</a> [37°14’N, 69°06’E], 16–17.VII.1943, D. Stackelberg (2 ♂, ZISP) ; TURKMENISTAN. Ashgabat [37°57’N, 58°23’E], 21.V.1916, collector unknown (1 ♂, ZISP); 7.VII.1915, collector unknown (1 ♂, ZISP); 28.VI.1928, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP); Ahal Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.366665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.5/lat 37.366665)">Tejen</a> [=Tedzhen] [37°22’N, 60°30’E], 4.VII.1929, Predtetschensky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Komarovsky near Ashgabat [37°45’N, 58°33’E], 22.V.1928, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP); Balkan Province: Eldere gorge near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.383335/lat 38.5)">Magtymguly</a> [formerly Kara-Kala] [38°30’N, 56°23’E], 29.VI.1953, E. Arens (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Sumbar river valley near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.416668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.4/lat 38.416668)">Magtymguly</a> [formerly Kara-Kala] [38°25’N, 56°24’E], 18.VI.1955, A. Ponomareva (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Garabogaz near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.283333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.45/lat 39.283333)">Gyzylarbat</a> [formerly Serdar or Kyzyl-Arvat] [39°17’N, 56°27’E], 31.V.1953, D. Steinberg (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Lebap Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=63.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 63.166668/lat 38.566666)">Repetek Biosphere State Reserve</a> [38°34’N, 63°10’E], 14.V.1914, K. Bil’kewitch (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Çärjew District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=63.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 63.6/lat 39.166668)">Farap</a> [=Farab][39°10’N, 63°36’E], 16–20.V.1911, Kuleshov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Mary Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.45/lat 36.7)">Imeni Chapayeva</a> [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], 18–20.VI.1925, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, 3 ♀, ZISP) ; 28–31.V.1912, V. Kozhanchikov (3 ♂, 3 ♀, ZISP); 8.VI.1912, V. Kozhanchikov (1 ♂, ZISP); 25.V.1912, V. Kozhanchikov (1 ♂, ZISP); 1932, A. Shestakov (2 ♂, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.616665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.15/lat 37.616665)">Baýramaly</a> [37°37’N, 62°09’E], N. Simonov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 17.VI.1910, B. Uvarov (1 ♀, ZISP); 11.IX.1916, M. Ryabov (1 ♀, ZISP); 11.V.1917, M. Ryabov (2 ♂, ZISP); 21.V.1917, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.283333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.35/lat 35.283333)">Serhetabat</a> [formerly Gushgy or Kushka] [35°17’N, 62°21’E], 13–18.VI.1925, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.616665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.616665/lat 36.45)">Sary-Yazi</a> [36°27’N, 62°37’E], V.1904, K. Arris (1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.35/lat 37.3)">Ýolöten</a> [37°18’N, 62°21’E], 18.VI.1927, V. Kizeritskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 1.X.1926, V. Kizeritskij (1 ♂, ZISP); 12.VI.1898, K. Angher (1 ♂, ZISP); UZBEKISTAN. Jizzakh Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.116665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.85/lat 40.116665)">Jizzakh</a> [40°07’N, 67°51’E], VI.1919, Chernevsky expedition (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Khorazm Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.366665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.35/lat 41.366665)">Khiva</a> [41°22’N, 60°21’E], 25.VI.1927, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP) ; YEMEN. Sanaa [15°20’N, 44°12’E], 16–18.VIII.1930, collector unknown (1 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid to tropical wet and dry areas from Central and South Asia to Southern Balkans and from Middle East to East and Equatorial Africa and Western Indian Ocean Islands (* Afghanistan, Bulgaria, Comoros, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mauritius, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, * Uzbekistan, Yemen).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA6FFF6FF7D1D877BBCDF31	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA4FFF9FF7D18FF78E0DA8D.text	7F0D87D3FFA4FFF9FF7D18FF78E0DA8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) funebris (Berland 1926)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) funebris (Berland, 1926)</p><p>(Figs 2c, 4d, 5d, 6d, 7c, 8b, 9c, 12a)</p><p>Sphex funebris Berland 1926:202, ♀. Holotype: ♀, “Bura” [Kenya: Tana River County: Bura] (MNHN).— Leclercq 1955:26; de Beaumont 1967b:502.— As Chlorion funebris: Arnold 1928:358, 1930:17; Scott in Arnold 1933:370.— As Sphex eatoni: R. Turner 1912:413.— As Prionyx funebris: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Seyoum &amp; Pulawski 2001:321; S. Gess &amp; F. Gess 2003:91; Dollfuss 2008:1409; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:9.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. funebris closely resemble P. macula in having the scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, concealing the integument, in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 short, and the male in having F3–F6 with broad placoids, and S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, but differ in having the vertex and the pronotum without dense, appressed, silvery setae and in having the wings intensely dark with purple reflexes ( P. macula has the vertex and pronotum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, and the wings dark to smoky).</p><p>Description. Head. Labrum trapeziform; labial palpomeres 2–4 short, conspicuous. Clypeus laterally and posteriorly, paraocular area anteriorly with appressed, silvery setae; frons with transverse band of dense appressed, silvery setae; vertex, occiput and gena slightly shiny, microsculptured, with black erect setae. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally, transversely rugose laterally and laterodorsally, finely rugose dorsally, with black erect setae. Scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, concealing integument, except anterolateral angles and narrow area anteriorly distinctly transversely rugose. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, punctate and rugose. Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose with black erect setae. Wings intensely dark with purple reflexes; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with two ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 25 mm. Head. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination, glabrous and shiny anteriorly. F3–F6 with broad, flat placoids. Metasoma. S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 29 mm. Head. Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly; clypeal disk moderately convex, with transverse oval depression anteriorly. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. KENYA. Coast Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.433334/lat -3.0)">Tsavo River</a>, no specific locality [3°00’S, 38°26’E], 27.XII.1911, Svatosh (1 ♀, ZISP) . YEMEN. Sanaa [15°20’N, 44°12’E], 30.VIII.1914, collector unknown (1 ♂, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Southern and eastern African and southern Arabian semi-arid and arid areas of Afrotropical region (Ethiopia, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa, * Yemen).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA4FFF9FF7D18FF78E0DA8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFABFFF8FF7D194479AADE09.text	7F0D87D3FFABFFF8FF7D194479AADE09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) globosus (F. Smith 1856)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) globosus (F. Smith, 1856)</p><p>(Figs 2a, 4f, 5i, 6i, 9d)</p><p>Sphex globosus F. Smith 1856:251, ♀, ♂ (as globosa). Syntypes: ♀, ♂, “ Van Diemen’s Land” [now Tasmania, no specific locality] (BMNH).— Kohl 1890:368; Dalla Torre 1897:424; R. Turner 1910:343; Berland 1926:206.— As Chlorion globosus: R. Turner 1915:551.— As Prionyx globosus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1963:152; R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:9.</p><p>Harpactopus australis de Saussure 1867:42, ♀. Syntypes: ♀, «Nova Hollandia» [now Australia: no specific locality] (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphex (Harpactopus) globosus by R. Turner 1910:344. Synonymy confirmed here.— Danilov &amp; Byvaltsev 2020:402.— As Sphex australis: Kohl 1890:367; Dalla Torre 1897:416.— As Palmodes australis: van der Vecht 1973:352.— As tentative subspecies of Palmodes occitanicus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:127.— As Palmodes occitanicus australis: Dollfuss 1989:11; Danilov 2019:77.— As Prionyx australis: Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:432; Pulawski 2024:3.</p><p>Full bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:9.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. globosus closely resemble P. saevus, P. subfuscatus, P. reymondi, and P. zarudnyi . The female of P. globosus differs in having the clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly ( P. saevus, P. subfuscatus, P. reymondi, and P. zarudnyi have the clypeus with U-shaped median notch). The male of P. globosus differs in having the placoids on flagellomeres broad with medial line of setae (the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed in P. saevus, P. subfuscatus, P. reymondi, and P. zarudnyi).</p><p>Description. Body black with pale erect setae. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate. Palpi, labrum, mandible in basal ⅔, and often clypeus anteriorly dark reddish. Clypeus entire, slightly emarginate anteriorly with appressed, silvery setae, distinctly concealing integument, and with glabrous triangle area medially. Subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, distinctly concealing integument. Gena with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Mesosoma . Pronotum with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument dorsally. Scutum punctatorugose, slightly shiny with appressed, silvery setae laterally, slightly concealing integument. Scutellum shiny. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum finely rugose with patchs of appressed, silvery setae, slightly concealing integument. Wings smoky; veins light brown; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 10–12 mm. Head. Placoids on F3–F6 broad with medial line of setae. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 11–22 mm. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, hairlike setae and short, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Justification of synonymy. Harpactopus australis was described by de Saussure (1867) from materials collected during the voyage of the frigate Novara along the coast of Australia (Nova Hollandia). Kohl (1890), discussing this taxon, noted the similarity with P. globosus, but concluded that a number of characters prevented him from synonymy, although he did not completely reject it. R. Turner (1910) disagreed with Kohl’s opinion that these taxa are different and placed australis in synonymy of globosus . The research of these authors was based on material from NHMW or conspecific. Having studied the material in MHNG in 1971, van der Vecht (1973) came to the conclusion that Harpactopus australis is a Palmodes, probably P. occitanicus, as he indicated on the label of the specimen. In addition, he is indicates that the type material is stored in MHNG, not in NHMW. A little later, Bohart and Menke (1976) listed australis as a possible subspecies of Palmodes occitanicus . Danilov and Byvaltsev (2020) raised the question of the status of this taxon again, and later australis was placed in the subgenus Harpactopus of Prionyx (Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023) .</p><p>The specimen from MHNG, designated as the holotype is a male of the Palaearctic species Palmodes occitanicus . The characters of the taxon in de Saussure’s description, based on a female, match those of the typelabeled specimen in NHMW. At the same time, the drawing in the appendix to de Saussure’s description shows a male with the bicolor metasoma, which, as Kohl noted, was due to the draftsman’s error. In any case, the original description has an undoubted advantage over the drawing. The designation of the holotype in MHNG was made after de Saussure’s publication and is therefore invalid according to Article 73.1.3 of the Code (ICZN 1999), which states that the holotype can only be fixed in the original publication and by the original author.</p><p>Material examined. AUSTRALIA. Queensland: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=153.01666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 153.01666/lat -27.466667)">Brisbane</a> [27°28’S, 153°01’E], 30.X.1938, C.F. Ashby (1 ♂, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Semi-arid areas of Australasian region (Australia).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFABFFF8FF7D194479AADE09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFAAFFFBFF7D1927798CD83D.text	7F0D87D3FFAAFFFBFF7D1927798CD83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) indus (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) indus (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>(Figs 1b, 4a, 9e)</p><p>Sphex indus Linnaeus 1758:569 (as inda). Holotype: ♀, “in Indiis” [Africa according to Day 1979:65] (UUNM).— Day &amp; Fitton 1978:193; Day 1979:65.— As Prionyx indus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; S. Gess &amp; F. Gess 2003:91; Dollfuss 2008:1409; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:11.</p><p>Sphex indostanus Linnaeus 1764:407 (as indostana). Unjustified emendation of Sphex indus .— Linnaeus 1767:942; Day and Fitton 1978:193; Day 1979:65.</p><p>Harpactopus tyrannus F. Smith 1856:264, ♀. Holotype: ♀, ”Port Natal” [now Durban, South Africa] (BMNH). Synonymized with Sphex indus by Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133.— Harpactopus tyrannus: Radoszkowski 1881:210.— As Sphex (Harpactopus) tyrannus: Kohl 1890:349.— As Sphex tyrannus: Dalla Torre 1897:445.— As Chlorion (Harpactopus) tyrannus: R. Turner 1918:361.— As Chlorion (Harpactopus) tyrannum: Arnold 1928:357; 1947:145.</p><p>Sphex vagus Radoszkowski 1881:209, ♂, junior primary homonym of Sphex vagus Linnaeus, 1758 . Holotype or syntypes: ♂, “ Angola ” [Angola, no specific locality] (ISEZ). Synonymized with Chlorion tyrannus by R. Turner 1918:361.— Dalla Torre 1897:446.</p><p>Sphex englebegi Brauns 1899:392, ♀, ♂ (as Englebegi). Syntypes: “Zwartcop” [now Zwartkop in Gauteng Province, South Africa], “Tamatsetse, nördlich in Khama’s Territorium” [now Botswana], “Blomfontein im Orange-Freistaat” [Bloemfontein, South Africa] (NHMW, AMG, TMP). Synonymized with Sphex (Harpactopus) inda by W. Schulz 1912:56, and with Chlorion tyrannum by Arnold 1928:357.</p><p>Full bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:11.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. indus closely resemble P. crudelis and P. judaeus, but differ in having the wings dark (the wings are yellow in P. crudelis and P. judaeus).</p><p>Description. Body black with black erect setae. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 usual. Vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, punctate. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally, finely rugose, with black erect setae. Scutum punctatorugose, slightly shiny. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, longitudinlly rugose. Metanotum distinctly tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose with black erect setae, not concealing integument, except propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, moderately concealing integument. Wings dark in venation zone, smoky apically; veins dark brown; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 21–32 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Mandible black. F3–F5 with narrow, depressed placoids. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 28–35 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform, emarginate apically. Clypeus with U-shaped median notch.Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, concealing integument. Mesosoma . Pronotum with sparse appressed, silvery setae, not concealing integument. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. None.</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas of Southern Africa (Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFAAFFFBFF7D1927798CD83D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA9FFFAFF7D1B687E4CDFA5.text	7F0D87D3FFA9FFFAFF7D1B687E4CDFA5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) judaeus (de Beaumont 1968)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) judaeus (de Beaumont, 1968)</p><p>(Figs 1c, 4b, 9f)</p><p>Sphex (Priononyx) judaeus de Beaumont 1968:150, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♀, «Jéricho» [Palestine: Jericho] (MCZL), examined.— As Prionyx judaeus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Roche 2007a:40, 2007b:3; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:12.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. judaeus closely resemble P. subfuscatus, P. saevus, P. crudelis, and P. indus . The female of P. judaeus differs from P. subfuscatus and P. saevus in having the head and mesosoma with dark setae, the propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, the tarsal rake of the foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some hairlike setae ( P. subfuscatus and P. saevus have the head and mesosoma with pale setae, propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae, tarsal rake of foreleg only with some long, stout, bladelike setae). The male of P. judaeus differs from P. subfuscatus and P. saevus in having the propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae (the propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae in P. subfuscatus and P. saevus).</p><p>Unlike P. indus, both sexes of P. judaeus have the wings yellow (the wings dark in P. indus). Both sexes of P. judaeus differ from P. crudelis in having the mesopleuron ventrally smooth and shiny with sparse punctures (the mesopleuron is ventrally rugose in P. crudelis). The male of P. judaeus differs from P. crudelis in having F3–F4 with placoids (F3–F5 with placoids in P. crudelis).</p><p>Description. Body black with black erect setae. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 usual. Vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, punctate. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally, finely rugose, with black erect setae. Scutum punctatorugose, slightly shiny. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, longitudinlly rugose. Metanotum distinctly tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron laterally, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose, with black erect setae. Mesopleuron ventrally smooth and shiny, with sparse punctures. Metapleuron and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose with black erect setae, not concealing integument, except propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, moderately concealing integument. Wings yellow in venation zone, smoky apically; veins light brown to yellow; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 18–21 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Mandible black and dark brown mesally. F3–F4 with narrow, depressed placoids. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 24 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform, emarginate apically. Clypeus angulate, with Ushaped median notch. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, concealing integument. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. PALESTINE. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.45/lat 31.85)">Jericho</a> [31°51’N, 35°27’E], 27.VIII.1941, H. Bytinski-Salz (♀, holotype, MCZL) . ISRAEL. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.383335/lat 31.45)">Ein Gedi</a> [31°27’N, 35°23’E], 2.VI.1965, W. Schlaefle (1 ♂, paratype, MCZL)</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas of the Middle East (Egypt, Israel, Palestine).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA9FFFAFF7D1B687E4CDFA5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFA8FFFDFF7D188B7920DE8E.text	7F0D87D3FFA8FFFDFF7D188B7920DE8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) macula (Fabricius 1804)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) macula (Fabricius, 1804)</p><p>(Figs 2d, 4d, 5c, 6c, 7d, 8c, 9g, 12b)</p><p>Pepsis macula Fabricius 1804:210, sex not stated. Holotype: ♂, “Arabia” [Saudi Arabia: no specific locality] (MNHN, now possibly lost according to van der Vecht 1961:34).— As Sphex macula: Kohl in Dalla Torre 1897:430; Berland 1926:201.— As Priononyx macula: de Beaumont 1961:2; 1968:150.— As Prionyx macula: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Guichard 1988:120; Kazenas 1998:114; 2001:15; 2002:29; Gadallah &amp; Assery 2004:221; Roche 2007a:44; 2007b:3; Danilov 2010:44, 2012a:163; 2012b:61; Gadallah, Al Dhafer, Aldryhim, Fadl &amp; Elgharbawy 2013:362; Ebrahimi 2014:21; Augul, Abdul-Rassoul &amp; Kaddou 2015:116; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433.</p><p>Sphex eatoni E. Saunders 1910:518, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: “ Biskra ” [Algeria: Biskra Province: Biskra] (OXUM). Tentatively synonymized with Priononyx (Harpactopus) macula by van der Vecht 1961:34, and with Sphex (Priononyx) macula by de Beaumont 1962:221.— Roth 1925:387; de Beaumont &amp; Bytinski-Salz 1955:41; Leclercq, 1955:26; de Beaumont 1961:2.</p><p>Sphex lugens Kohl 1889:25, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: „Araxes-Thal” [Armenia: Arax River Valley: no specific locality] (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphex (Harpactopus) macula by W. Schulz 1911:164.— Kohl 1890:348; Dalla Torre 1897:430; Gussakovskij 1933:278; de Beaumont 1960:170.— As Sphex (Priononyx) lugens: de Beaumont 1968:150.— As Prionyx macula lugens: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Dollfuss 1989:12; Kazenas 2001:15.</p><p>Full bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:21.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. macula closely resemble P. funebris in having the scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, concealing the integument, in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 short, and the male in having F3–F6 with broad placoids, and S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, but differ in having the vertex and pronotum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, and the wings dark to smoky ( P. funebris has the vertex and the pronotum without dense, appressed, silvery setae and in having the wings intensely dark with purple reflexes).</p><p>Description. Head. Labrum trapeziform; labial palpomeres 2–4 short, conspicuous. Mandible in basal ⅔ dark reddish. Clypeus except apical depression, paraocular area, frons and vertex with appressed, silvery setae; gena shiny, with black erect setae. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally with dense, appressed, silvery setae dorsally. Scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, concealing integument. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, punctate and rugose. Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose. Wings dark to smoky; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with two ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 19–24 mm. Head. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination, glabrous and shiny anteriorly. F3–F6 with broad, flat placoids. Metasoma. S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 26–36 mm. Head. Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly; clypeal disk moderately convex, with transverse oval depression anteriorly. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. AZERBAIJAN. Baku [40°27’N, 49°48’E], 1911, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP); 7.VII.1960, L. Rzaeva (1 ♀, ZISP); 23.VII.1988, S. Storozhenko (1 ♀, SZMN); Nakhchivan [39°12’N, 45°24’E], collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP); Ganja [formerly <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.35/lat 40.666668)">Yelisavetpol</a>] [40°40’N, 46°21’E], 11–28.VI.[year?], I. Babadjanidi (2 ♀, ZISP) . IRAN. Ardabil Province: Parsabad County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.766666/lat 39.6)">Owltan</a> [39°36’N, 47°46’E], 30.VI.1927, Zapolsky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 21.VI.1927, Bocharnikov (1 ♂, ZISP); Sistan and Baluchestan Province: Khash County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.833334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.766666/lat 27.833334)">Karvandar</a> [27°50’N, 60°46’E], 25.IV.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Nik Shahr County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.816668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.383335/lat 26.816668)">Shisheh Posht</a> [26°49’N, 60°23’E], 8–9.IV.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♂, ZISP) . KAZAKHSTAN. Kyzylorda Province: Aral District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=61.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.633335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 61.766666/lat 46.633335)">Sapak</a> [46°38’N, 61°46’E], 19.VI.1927, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Shieli District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.283333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.4/lat 44.283333)">Baigekum</a> [Djulek] [44°17’N, 66°24’E], 25.VI.1915, E. Pavlovsky (5 ♂, ZISP) . TAJIKISTAN. Khatlon Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.183334/lat 37.4)">Qabodiyon</a> [37°24’N, 68°11’E], 3.VII.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Dusti District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.51667/lat 37.483334)">Jilikul</a> [37°29’N, 68°31’E], 13.VI.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Dusti District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.51667/lat 37.483334)">Jilikul</a> [37°29’N, 68°31’E], 25.V.1931, N. Fursov (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) . TURKEY. Kars Province, no specific locality [40°30’N, 43°10’E], VIII.1911, K. Satunin (1 ♀, ZISP) . TURKMENISTAN. Ashgabat [37°57’N, 58°23’E], 6.VI.1924, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP); Ahal Province: Komarovsky near Ashgabat [37°45’N, 58°33’E], 25.VI.1928, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP); Mary Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.45/lat 36.7)">Imeni Chapayeva</a> [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], Kuzjakin (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 1932, A. Shestakov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 5.VI.1931, Frolova (2 ♂, ZISP); 18–20.VI.1925, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.616665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.616665/lat 36.45)">Sary-Yazi</a> [36°27’N, 62°37’E], V.1913, K. Bil’kewitch (1 ♂, ZISP) . UZBEKISTAN. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=63.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 63.5/lat 42.5)">Kyzylkum Desert</a>, no specific locality [42°30’N, 63°30’E], 1912, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Qashqadaryo Province: Qamashi District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.45/lat 38.816666)">Qamashi</a> [38°49’N, 66°27’E], 29.VI.1931, A. Rodd (1 ♀, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas from Central Asia to North Africa (Afghanistan, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Libya, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Tunisia, * Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan).</p><p>Distribution note. The specimens from Kenya (Makindu) listed as Sphex eatoni by R. Turner 1912:413, belongs to Prionyx funebris Berland according to his description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFA8FFFDFF7D188B7920DE8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFAFFFFCFF7D19A37EA6DEC5.text	7F0D87D3FFAFFFFCFF7D19A37EA6DEC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) melanotus (F. Morawitz 1890)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) melanotus (F. Morawitz, 1890)</p><p>(Figs 3c, 4e, 5g, 6g, 8e, 9h, 12c)</p><p>Sphex melanotus F. Morawitz 1890:575, ♂, ♀. Lectotype: ♀, “Transcaspien” [most likely Turkmenistan: no specific locality], designated by Danilov 2012b:64 (ZISP), examined.— Kohl 1890:346; Dalla Torre 1897:432; Berland 1926:200.— As Priononyx melanotus: de Beaumont 1968:149.— As Prionyx melanotus: Myartseva 1972:84; Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Dollfuss 1989:12; Danilov 2012a:163, 164, 2012b:64, 2016:341, 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:22.</p><p>Diagnosis. The male of P. melanotus closely resembles P. stschurowskii in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed, and S6 entire, without teeth, but differs in having F3–F8 with the placoids ( P. stschurowskii has F3–F6 with the placoids). It is similar to P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi in habitus, but differs in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed, S6 entire, without teeth, and the arolia present ( P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi have the labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, club-shaped, the placoids on flagellomeres broad, flat, S6 with pair teeth posterolaterally, and the arolia absent).</p><p>The female of P. melanotus resembles P. stschurowskii, P. persicus, and P. radoszkowskyi in habitus. It differs from P. persicus, and P. radoszkowskyi in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, and the arolia present ( P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi have the labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, club-shaped, and the arolia absent). Unlike P. stschurowskii and P. persicus it has the scutum with no appressed, silvery setae.</p><p>Description. Head with black erect setae. Labrum trapeziform, slightly emarginate apically; labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate; head without appressed, silvery setae; frons microsculptured, punctate, slightly shiny; vertex, occiput and gena punctate, shiny. Mesosoma with black erect setae. Pronotum finely rugose and punctate, slightly shiny. Scutum shiny, punctate (punctures about 0.5–1.5 diameters apart). Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, punctate and rugose, shiny. Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Metapleuron and propodeum areolate-rugose and punctate, slightly shiny. Wings dark; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 15–19 mm. Head. Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly. F3–F8 or F3–F7 with narrow, depressed placoids. Mesosoma . Mesopleuron shiny, punctate (punctures about 0.5–1.5 diameters apart). Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 16–23 mm. Head. Anterior margin of clypeus rounded; clypeal disk moderately convex, slightly depressed anteriorly. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, bladelike and long, fine, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. KAZAKHSTAN. Jambyl Province: Bayzak District, Sarykemer [formely Michailovka] near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.5/lat 43.0)">Taraz</a> [43°00’N, 71°30’E], VI.1912 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); Kyzylorda Province: Kazaly District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.1/lat 45.766666)">Kazaly</a> [formely Kazalinsk] [45°46’N, 62°06’E], 07.VI.1928, Rukavishnikov (1 ♂, ZISP); Shieli District, Balamurun Mount near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.383335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.833336/lat 44.383335)">Shieli</a> [44°23’N, 66°50’E], 20.V.1913, Koshantschikow (1 ♀, ZISP); 21.V.1913 (1 ♀, ZISP); 23.V.1913 (2 ♀, ZISP); 30.V.1913 (1 ♂, ZISP). TURKMENISTAN. no specific locality, Komarov (1 ♂, paralectotype, 1 ♀, lectotype, ZISP); Ahal Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.216667/lat 39.583332)">Kirpili</a>, 100 km NE Serdar [formerly Kyzyl-Arvat] [39°35’N, 57°13’E], 07.V.1953, E. Arens (1 ♂, ZISP); 10.V.1953 (3 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); 11.V.1953 (4 ♂, ZISP); 15.V.1953 (4 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); 11–12.V.1953, Kirjakova (1 ♂, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.383335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.5/lat 37.383335)">Tejen</a> [37°23’N, 60°30’E], 20.IV.1893, Glasunov (1 ♂, ZISP); Balkan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.383335/lat 39.216667)">Garabogaz</a>, 40 km N Serdar [formerly Kyzyl-Arvat] [39°13’N, 56°23’E], 17.V.1953, D. Steinberg (3 ♀, ZISP); 18.V.1953 (2 ♀, ZISP); 18.V.1953, Odintsova (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); 19.V.1953 (2 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=54.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.633335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 54.216667/lat 39.633335)">Jebel</a> [39°38’N, 54°13’E], 03–05.VI.1934, V. Popov (2 ♂, ZISP); Mollagara near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=54.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 54.166668/lat 39.6)">Jebel</a> [39°36’N, 54°10’E], 06.VI.1934, V. Popov (1 ♀, ZISP); Daşoguz Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.483334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.483334/lat 40.683334)">Ortakui</a> well, 240 km SW Daşoguz [40°41’N, 57°29’E], 29.V.1953, Kirjakova (1 ♀, ZISP); 26.V.1953, E. Arens (1 ♂, ZISP); 22.V.1953 (1 ♂, ZISP); 29.V.1953 (2 ♂, ZISP); 19.V.1953 (2 ♂, ZISP); ruins of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=58.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 58.7/lat 41.566666)">Schahsenem</a>, 100 km SWW Daşoguz [41°34’N, 58°42’E], 30.V.1953, E. Arens (1 ♀, ZISP); Lebap Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=63.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 63.166668/lat 38.566666)">Repetek Biosphere State Reserve</a> [38°34’N, 63°10’E], 23.V.1913, N. Androssov (1 ♀, ZISP); Mary Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.45/lat 36.7)">Imeni Chapayeva</a> [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], 05.VI.1931, Frolova (1 ♂, ZISP); 03–08.V.1912, Koshantschikow (2 ♀, ZISP); 12–14.V.1912 (1 ♀, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.783333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.083332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.783333/lat 38.083332)">Utsch-Adshi</a> [38°05’N, 62°47’E], 30.IV.1929, A. Shestakov (1 ♂, 5 ♀, ZISP); 01–03.V.1929 (3 ♂, 10 ♀, ZISP); 01.V.1929 (2 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP); 10.V.1932, E. Kuznetsova (1 ♀, ZISP); 12.V.1932 (1 ♀, ZISP); 11.VI.1921 (1 ♀, ZISP). UZBEKISTAN. Karakalpakstan: Qo’ng’irot District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.116665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.133335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.116665/lat 43.133335)">Qiziljar</a> [43°08’N, 59°07’E], 02.VI.1939, Veltischev (1 ♀, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Desert areas of Central Asia (* Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, * Uzbekistan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFAFFFFCFF7D19A37EA6DEC5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFAEFFFFFF7D1A6B7EB7DEE1.text	7F0D87D3FFAEFFFFFF7D1A6B7EB7DEE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) persicus (Mocsary 1883)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) persicus (Mocsáry, 1883)</p><p>(Figs 3a, 4d, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8f, 10a, 11a)</p><p>Sphex persicus Mocsáry 1883:33, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, “ Persia ” [Iran: no specific locality], designated by Danilov 2012b:65 (TMB).— Kohl 1885:181; Ed. André 1888:146; Kohl 1889:24.— As Prionyx persicus: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Kazenas 2001:15; Danilov 2012a:163, 2012b:65; Jahantigh, Rakhshani, Mokhtari &amp; Ramroodi 2017:26; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:28.</p><p>Sphex hispidus F. Morawitz 1890:576, ♀. Lectotype: ♀, «Artschman» [Turkmenistan: Ahal Province: Artchman], designated by Danilov 2012b:65 (ZISP), examined. Tentatively synonymized with Sphex persicus by de Beaumont 1957:130, synonymy confirmed by Danilov 2012b:65.— Kohl 1890:352; Dalla Torre 1897:425; F. Morawitz 1897:151; Gussakovskij 1933:278; de Beaumont 1957:130; Danilov 2016:340.— As Priononyx hispidus: de Beaumont 1968:150.— As Prionyx hispidus: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. persicus closely resemble P. radoszkowskyi in having the labial palpus extremely shortened, inconspicuous, with the club-shaped labial palpomeres 2–4, the arolia absent, the male F3–F6 with broad placoids, and the female tarsal rake with short, stout, bladelike setae, but differ in having the labial palpomere 1 elongate: 3–4 × as long as the combined length of club-shaped labial palpomeres 2–4 ( P. radoszkowskyi has the labial palpomere 1 short: 1–1.5 × as long as the combined length of club-shaped labial palpomeres 2–4).</p><p>The male of P.persicus differs from P. radoszkowskyi in having S6 with distinctly prominent teeth posterolaterally ( P. radoszkowskyi has S6 with slightly prominent teeth). It is similar to P. melanotus and P. stschurowskii in habitus, but differs in having labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, the placoids on flagellomeres broad, flat, S6 with pair teeth posterolaterally, and the arolia absent ( P. melanotus and P. stschurowskii have labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed, and S6 entire, without teeth).</p><p>The female of P. persicus differs from P. radoszkowskyi in having the scutum with appressed, silvery setae and thick, black, erect setae ( P. radoszkowskyi has the scutum with black erect setae). It is similar to P. stschurowskii in having the scutum with appressed, silvery setae, but differs in having the labial palpus extremely shortened, inconspicuous, the arolia absent, and the tarsal rake of foreleg with short, stout, bladelike setae ( P. stschurowskii has labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the arolia present, and the tarsal rake with long, bladelike and long, fine, hairlike setae).</p><p>Description. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely shortened, club-shaped, palpomere 1 elongate: 3–4 × as long as combined length of club-shaped labial palpomeres 2–4. Maxillar palpomere 6 inconspicuous. Vertex and occiput slightly shiny, microsculptured and punctate, with black erect setae. Gena shiny, punctate. Mesosoma . Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, rugose. Metanotum slightly tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose with black erect setae. Wings dark; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia absent.</p><p>Male. Body length 23–25 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform; Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination, glabrous and shiny along apical margin. Face dull, densely punctate and microsculptured with long, black, erect setae.F3–F6 with broad, flat placoids. Mesosoma . Pronotum slightly angulate laterodorsally. Scutum and propodeal enclosure dull, finely, densely rugose, with black erect setae. Metasoma. S6 with distinctly prominent teeth posterolaterally.</p><p>Female. Body length 26–32 mm. Head. Clypeus entire, nearly rectangular; clypeal disk moderately convex, with rounded depression anteriorly; clypeus laterally and posteriorly, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area, and frons anteriorly with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately triangularly prominent dorsally, with black erect setae. Scutum with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with short, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Material examined. AFGHANISTAN. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=65.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 65.666664/lat 37.0)">North Afghanistan</a>, no specific locality [37°00’N, 65°40’E, approximately], 25.VI.1930, Umnov (1 ♀, ZISP) . IRAN. No specific locality (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Sistan and Baluchestan Province: near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=61.116665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.616667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 61.116665/lat 28.616667)">Taftan Mount</a> [28°37’N, 61°07’E], 25.V.1955, D. Steinberg (1 ♀, ZISP) ; South Khorasan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.033333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.033333/lat 31.533333)">Nehbandan</a> [31°32’N, 60°02’E], 12–13.VII.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Semnan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=55.033333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.383335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 55.033333/lat 36.383335)">Shahrud</a> [36°23’N, 55°02’E] (1 ♀, ZISP) . TURKMENISTAN. Sumbar River, no specific locality, Herz (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Ahal Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.116665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.116665/lat 38.583332)">Archman</a> [38°35’N, 57°07’E], Christoph (1 ♀, lectotype, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=61.133335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.966667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 61.133335/lat 35.966667)">Pulikhatum</a> [35°58’N, 61°08’E] (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Balkan Province: Sunt-Hasardag Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.35/lat 38.516666)">Sunt</a> mount [38°31’N, 56°21’E], 21.VI.1952, Odintsova (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 03.VI.1956, G. Medvedev (1 ♂, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Desert areas of the Iranian Plateau (* Afghanistan, Iran, Turkmenistan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFAEFFFFFF7D1A6B7EB7DEE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFADFFE1FF7D1A4F7B10D8CD.text	7F0D87D3FFADFFE1FF7D1A4F7B10D8CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) radoszkowskyi (Kohl 1888)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) radoszkowskyi (Kohl, 1888)</p><p>(Figs 3b, 4d, 5b, 6b, 7b, 8g, 10b, 11b)</p><p>Sphex radoszkowskyi Kohl 1888:151, ♀. Syntypes: ♀, “Khiva” [Uzbekistan: Khiva] (MFN).— Kohl 1890:345; Dalla Torre 1897:438; Kazenas 1969:22, 1972:113, 1978:41.— As Priononyx radoszkowskii: de Beaumont 1968:149.— As Prionyx radoszkowskyi: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Kazenas 1992:25, 1998:122; Esenbekova &amp; Kazenas 2000:10; Kazenas 2001:15, 2002:30, 2004:27, 2008:98; Danilov 2010:45, 2012a:163, 2012b:65; Can &amp; Gülmez 2019:347; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:29.</p><p>Sphex guichardi de Beaumont 1967a:273, ♀. Holotype: ♀, « Kayseri: Sultahani» [Turkey: Kayseri Province: Sultanhanı] (BMNH). New synonymy.—As Priononyx guichardi: de Beaumont 1968:150.— As Prionyx guichardi: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:133; Ljubomirov &amp; Yildirim 2008:26; Yildirim 2014:30; Koçak &amp; Kemal 2015:279; Can &amp; Gülmez 2019:348; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:10.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. radoszkowskyi closely resemble P. persicus in having the labial palpus extremely shortened, inconspicuous, with the club-shaped labial palpomeres 2–4, the arolia absent, the male F3–F6 with broad placoids, and the female tarsal rake with short, stout, bladelike setae, but differ in having the labial palpomere 1 short: 1–1.5 × as long as the combined length of club-shaped palpomeres 2–4 ( P. persicus has the labial palpomere 1 elongate: 3–4 × as long as the combined length of club-shaped palpomeres 2–4).</p><p>The male of P. radoszkowskyi differs from P. persicus in having S6 with slightly prominent teeth posterolaterally ( P. persicus has S6 with distinctly prominent teeth). It is similar to P. melanotus and P. stschurowskii in habitus, but differs in having labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, the placoids on flagellomeres broad, flat, S6 with pair of teeth posterolaterally, and the arolia absent ( P. melanotus and P. stschurowskii have the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed, the arolia present, and S6 entire, without teeth).</p><p>The female of P. radoszkowskyi differs from P. persicus in having the scutum with black erect setae ( P. persicus has the scutum with appressed, silvery setae and thick, black, erect setae). It is similar to P. melanotus in habitus, but differs in having the labial palpus extremely shortened, inconspicuous, the arolia absent, and the tarsal rake of foreleg with short, stout, bladelike setae ( P. melanotus has the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the arolia present, and the tarsal rake with long, bladelike and long, fine, hairlike setae).</p><p>Description. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely shortened, club-shaped, palpomere 1 short: 1–1.5 × as long as combined length of club-shaped palpomeres 2–4. Maxillar palpomere 6 inconspicuous. Vertex and occiput slightly shiny, microsculptured and punctate, with black erect setae. Gena shiny, punctate. Mesosoma with black erect setae. Pronotum slightly angulate laterodorsally. Scutum punctate and slightly obliquely rugose on disk. Scutellum moderately longitudinally depressed, rugose. Metanotum moderately tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum areolate-rugose. Wings dark; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia absent.</p><p>Male. Body length 15–24 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform; Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly, glabrous and shiny along apical margin. Face densely punctate and microsculptured with long, black, erect setae. F3–F6 with broad, flat placoids. Metasoma. S6 with slightly prominent teeth posterolaterally.</p><p>Female. Body length 17–25 mm. Head. Clypeus entire, trapeziform; clypeal disk moderately convex, with fine rounded depression anteriorly; clypeus laterally and posteriorly, subantennal sclerite, and paraocular area with sparse appressed, silvery setae, not concealing integument. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with short, stout, bladelike setae.</p><p>Justification of new synonymy. Having studied the photographs of the paratypes of Sphex guichardi from MZL (two female specimens), as well as the Beaumont’s description, we did not find any differences from radoszkowskyi .</p><p>Material examined. KAZAKHSTAN. Aqmola Province: Zharkain District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.36667/lat 50.45)">Shoindykol Lake</a> [50°27’N, 67°22’E], 24.VI.1957, V. Rudolf (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Kyzylorda Province: Shieli District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.46667/lat 44.3)">Baygekum</a> [44°18’N, 66°28’E], 15.V.1908, L. Wollman (1 ♂, ZISP) . TURKMENISTAN. Ahal Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.216667/lat 39.583332)">Kirpili</a>, 100 km NE Serdar [formerly Kyzyl-Arvat] [39°35’N, 57°13’E], 11–12.V.1953, Kirjakova (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Daşoguz Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.483334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.483334/lat 40.683334)">Ortakui</a> well, 240 km SW Daşoguz [40°41’N, 57°29’E], 26.V.1953, E. Arens (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 22.V.1953 (1 ♂, ZISP); 29.V.1953 (2 ♂, ZISP); 19.V.1953 (2 ♂, ZISP); Mary Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.45/lat 36.7)">Imeni Chapayeva</a> [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], 03– 08.V.1912, Koshantschikow (2 ♀, ZISP) ; 12–14.V.1912 (1 ♀, ZISP) . UZBEKISTAN. Jizzakh Province: Gallaorol District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.933334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.45/lat 39.933334)">Lalmikor</a> [39°56’N, 67°27’E], 26.VII.1930 (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Qashqadaryo Province: Kamashi District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.45/lat 38.816666)">Kamashi</a> [38°49’N, 66°27’E], 28.VI.1931, V. Gussakovskij (4 ♀, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas from Central Asia to Anatolia (Kazakhstan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFADFFE1FF7D1A4F7B10D8CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFB3FFE1FF7D1863790CDC65.text	7F0D87D3FFB3FFE1FF7D1863790CDC65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) reymondi (Roth 1954)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) reymondi (Roth, 1954)</p><p>(Fig. 10c)</p><p>Sphex reymondi Roth 1954:31, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♀, “Ougarta (Sud oranais)” [Algeria: Béchar Province: Béni Abbès commune: Ougarta] (MNHN).— As Sphex (Priononyx) reymondi: de Beaumont 1968:149.— As Prionyx reymondi: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:29.</p><p>Possible synonymy. We did not find any differences from P. zarudnyi except for the distribution in P. Roth’s description. In the description, P. Roth compared the new species only with P. crudelis that was well known to him. Unfortunately, we were unable to study the type series of this species, so we can only assume that P. reymondi may be a synonym of P. zarudnyi .</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. reymondi resemble P. subfuscatus, P. judaeus, and P. crudelis, but differ in having the wings smoky and the body brownish ( P. subfuscatus, P. judaeus, and P. crudelis have the wings yellow and the body black).</p><p>Description. Body brownish with fine dark erect setae. Head. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area and frons with fine, sparse, appressed, silvery setae. Mesosoma . Scutum slightly shiny, finely micropunctate and sparsely punctate. Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum areolate-rugose, shiny; propodeal enclosure dull. Wings smoky; veins light brown. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 22 mm. Head. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 22 mm. Head. Clypeus angulate, with U-shaped median notch. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. None.</p><p>Distribution. Desert areas of the Saoura area (Algeria).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFB3FFE1FF7D1863790CDC65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFB2FFE3FF7D18EC7F16D965.text	7F0D87D3FFB2FFE3FF7D18EC7F16D965.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) saevus (F. Smith 1856)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) saevus (F. Smith, 1856)</p><p>(Figs 1d, 4b, 5f, 6f, 10d)</p><p>Harpactopus saevus F. Smith 1856:265, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: “ Australia (Swan River; Cape Upstart)” [Australia: Western Australia: Swan River, no specific locality; Queensland: Cape Upstart National Park] (BMNH).— de Saussure 1867:42; Froggatt 1892:211.— As Sphex saevus: Kohl 1890:366; Dalla Torre 1897:440; R. Turner 1910:343; Berland 1926:206.— As Prionyx saevus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Dollfuss 2008:1414; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:29.</p><p>Sphex harpax Kohl 1898:333, ♂. Holotype: ♂, “Insula Timor” [Timor Island, no specific locality] (TMB).— As Priononyx harpax: van der Vecht 1957:352.— As Prionyx saevus harpax: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Pulawski 2024:30.</p><p>Full bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:29.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. saevus closely resemble P. subfuscatus, P. crudelis, and P. judaeus . The female of P. saevus differs from P. crudelis and P. judaeus in having the head and mesosoma with pale setae, propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae, tarsal rake of foreleg only with some long, stout, bladelike setae ( P. crudelis and P. judaeus have the head and mesosoma with dark setae, the propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, the tarsal rake of the foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some hairlike setae). The male of P. saevus differs from P. crudelis and P. judaeus in having the propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae (propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae in P. crudelis and P. judaeus).</p><p>The female of P. saevus differs from P. subfuscatus in having the mandible reddish mesally (mandible black in P. subfuscatus). The male of P. saevus differs from P. subfuscatus in having F3–F4 with placoids and S4–S6 with long black setae apically (F3–F6 with placoids and S4–S6 without long black setae in P. subfuscatus).</p><p>Description. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 usual. Vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, punctate. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally, finely rugose. Scutum, mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum areolate-rugose, slightly shiny. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, longitudinlly rugose and punctate. Metanotum slightly tuberculate dorsally. Wings yellow in venation zone, smoky apically; veins light brown to yellow; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 15–22 mm. Body black with black erect setae. Head. Labrum trapeziform. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. F3–F6 with narrow, depressed placoids. Mesosoma . Propodeal enclosure with long, sparse black setae. Metasoma. S4–S6 with long black setae; S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 20–28 mm. Body black with light erect setae. Head. Labrum trapeziform, emarginate apically. Mandible reddish mesally. Clypeus angulate, with U-shaped median notch. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area and frons with appressed, goldish or silvery setae, concealing integument. Mesosoma . Pronotum and scutum with sparse semiappressed, goldish or silvery setae, not concealing integument. Propodeal enclosure with sparse light setae. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. None.</p><p>Distribution. Semi-arid areas of Australasian region (Australia, Indonesia (Lesser Sunda Islands)).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFB2FFE3FF7D18EC7F16D965	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFB1FFE5FF7D1AE27EA8DA61.text	7F0D87D3FFB1FFE5FF7D1AE27EA8DA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) stschurowskii (Radoszkowski 1877)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) stschurowskii (Radoszkowski, 1877)</p><p>(Figs 3d, 4c, 5h, 6h, 8h, 10e, 12d)</p><p>Sphex stschurowskii Radoszkowski 1877:7, ♀. Lectotype: ♀, “КИЗИлъ кумъ” [Kazakhstan: Kyzylkum Desert on the left bank of Syr Darya River at approximately 42°00’N, 68°00’E], designated by Danilov 2012b:67 (ZMMU), examined.— Kohl 1885:206; Radoszkowski 1886:25; Ed. André 1888:146; Kohl 1890:344, 1895:47; Dalla Torre 1897:442; Morice 1897:302; Berland 1926:200; Gussakovskij 1933:372; Honoré 1944:72; de Beaumont 1960:170, 1961:2, 1970:4.— As Priononyx stschurowskii: de Beaumont 1968:149.— As Prionyx stschurowskii: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Kazenas 2001:15; Dollfuss 2008:1415; Danilov 2012a:163, 2012b:67; Dunford, Turbyville &amp; Leavengood 2014:11; Ebrahimi 2014:23; Augul, Abdul-Rassoul &amp; Kaddou 2015:117; Jahantigh, Rakhshani, Mokhtari &amp; Ramroodi 2017:27; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:32.</p><p>Sphex stschurowskii var. hyalipennis Kohl 1895:48, sex not stated. Holotype or syntypes: “ Algier ” [Algeria: Algiers] (NHMW).— Dalla Torre 1897:442; Morice 1911:74; Roth 1925:385; Berland 1926:201; Guiglia 1937:185, 1942:229; Giner Marí 1947:19; Leclercq 1955:26.— As Chlorion hyalipenne: Derwesh 1965:70.— As Sphex stschurowskii hyalipennis: de Beaumont 1951:268; de Beaumont &amp; Bytinski-Salz 1955:42; de Beaumont 1956:181.— As Priononyx stschurowskii hyalipennis: de Beaumont 1968:149.— As Prionyx stschurowskii hyalipennis: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Guichard 1988:121; Gadallah &amp; Assery 2004:222; Roche 2007a:47, 2007b:3; Gadallah, Al Dhafer, Aldryhim, Fadl &amp; Elgharbawy 2013:362; Pulawski 2024:33.</p><p>Sphex sirdariensis Radoszkowski 1877:9, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, “Сыръ ДарЬЯ” [Kazakhstan: Kyzylkum Desert on the left bank of Syr Darya River on 42°00’N, 68°00’E approximately], designated by Danilov 2012b:65 (ZMMU), examined. New synonymy. — Kohl 1885:206; Radoszkowski 1886:25; Ed. André 1888:145; Radoszkowski 1888:328; Kohl 1890:347; Dalla Torre 1897:440; de Beaumont 1968:150.— As Sphex occitanicus var. syrdariensis: Gussakovskij 1934:2.— As Prionyx sirdariensis: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Kazenas 1992:25, 1998:123, 2001:15, 2002:30; Danilov 2010:45, 2012a:164, 2012b:65, 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:31.</p><p>Origin of Material. The type material of Sphex stschurowskii Radoszkowski, 1877 and Sphex sirdariensis Radoszkowski, 1877 was collected by Alexei P. Fedchenko during his short trip to the Kyzylkum Desert in May 1871. The lectotype of S. stschurowskii was collected on May 13 [КИЗИлъ кумъ], and S. sirdariensis on May 19 [Сыръ ДарЬЯ] along the left bank of the Syr Darya River (currently the territory of the Shardara district of the Turkistan Province of Kazakhstan, not Uzbekistan, at approximately 42°00’N 68°00’E).</p><p>Diagnosis. The male of P. stschurowskii closely resembles P. melanotus in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed, and S6 entire, without teeth, but differs in having F3–F6 with placoids ( P. melanotus has F3–F8 with the placoids). It is similar to P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi in habitus, but differs in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, the placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed, S6 entire, without teeth, and the arolia present ( P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi have the labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, the placoids on flagellomeres broad, flat, S6 with pair teeth posterolaterally, and the arolia absent).</p><p>The female of P. stschurowskii resembles P. melanotus, P. persicus, and P. radoszkowskyi in habitus. It differs from P. persicus, and P. radoszkowskyi in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate, and the arolia present ( P. persicus and P. radoszkowskyi have the labial palpomeres 2–4 extremely short, and the arolia absent). Unlike P. melanotus and P. radoszkowskyi it has the scutum with appressed, silvery setae.</p><p>Description. Head with black erect setae. Labrum trapeziform, distinctly emarginate apically; labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate; clypeus laterally and posteriorly, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area, and frons with appressed, silvery setae; vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, punctate, slightly shiny. Mesosoma with black erect setae. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, punctate and rugose, shiny. Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron areolate-rugose and punctate, shiny. Metapleuron and propodeum areolate-rugose, shiny; propodeal enclosure slightly shiny or dull. Wings dark or smoky (in var. hyalipennis); veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 20–23 mm. Head. Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly; clypeal disk moderately convex, with fine depression anteriorly. F3–F6 with narrow, depressed placoids. Mesosoma . Pronotum and scutum finely rugose and punctate, slightly shiny, with black erect setae only. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 23–30 mm. Head. Anterior margin of clypeus slightly rounded; clypeal disk moderately convex, slightly depressed anteriorly. Mesosoma . Pronotum and scutum with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, bladelike and long, fine, hairlike setae.</p><p>Justification of new synonymy. By all key features (labial palpomeres 2–4 elongate; arolia present; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle; placoids on flagellomeres narrow, depressed; S6 entire, without teeth), Sphex sirdariensis Radoszkowski belongs in the stschurowskii group. Both the lectotype female of stschurowskii and the lectotype male of sirdariensis come from the same locality. In addition, the description of male of stschurowskii by Morice (1897) well agrees with sirdariensis .</p><p>Material examined. IRAN. Hormozgan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=55.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.016666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 55.883335/lat 28.016666)">30 km S of Hajjiabad</a> [28°01’N, 55°53’E], 27.VI. 1955, D. Steinberg (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 7.V.1955 (1 ♀, ZISP); Sistan and Baluchestan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.183332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.45/lat 27.183332)">Bampur</a> [27°11’N, 60°27’E], 26– 27.IV.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♀, ZISP) . KAZAKHSTAN. Turkistan Province: Shardara District, Kyzylkum Desert on the left bank of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.0/lat 42.0)">Syr Darya River</a> [42°00’N, 68°00’E approximately], 13.V.1871, A. Fedchenko (1 ♀, lectotype of stschurowskii, ZMMU) ; 19.V.1871 (1 ♂, lectotype of sirdariensis, ZMMU) . MOROCCO. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.7166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.7166667/lat 32.666668)">Midelt</a> [32°40’N, 4°43’W], 30.V.1947, J. de Beaumont (1 ♀, ZISP) . TAJIKISTAN. Khatlon Province: Jilikul District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.51667/lat 37.483334)">Jilikul</a> [37°29’N, 68°31’E], 25.V.1931, N. Fursov (1 ♀, ZISP) . TURKMENISTAN. No specific locality [Transcaspia] (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Mary Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.45/lat 36.7)">Imeni Chapayeva</a> [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], 1932, A. Shestakov (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas from Central Asia to North Africa (Afghanistan, Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Libya, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkmenistan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFB1FFE5FF7D1AE27EA8DA61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFB7FFEBFF7D19527B71DCD1.text	7F0D87D3FFB7FFEBFF7D19527B71DCD1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) subfuscatus (Dahlbom 1845)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) subfuscatus (Dahlbom, 1845)</p><p>(Figs 1e, 4c, 8i, 10f, 11d)</p><p>Sphex subfuscatus Dahlbom 1845:436, sex not stated (as subfuscata). Holotype or syntypes: “Tauria” [Russia: Crimea] (depository unknown or possibly lost).— Eversmann 1849:369; F. Smith 1856:242; Kohl 1881:29, 1885:179; Ed. André 1888:149; Kohl 1889:25; F. Morawitz 1889:129; Kohl 1890:354; F. Morawitz 1891:202, 1893:407; Sickmann 1894:216; Dalla Torre 1897:442; Morice 1911:74; Gribodo 1924:49; Roth 1925:389; Gussakovskij 1934:3; Yasumatsu 1938:93; de Beaumont 1947:383, 1951:268, 1953:195; Leclercq 1955:25; Berland 1956:1170; Myartseva 1963:59; Tsuneki 1963:52; de Beaumont 1968:149; Kazenas 1969:22, 1978:41.— As Harpactopus subfuscatus: Radoszkowski 1892:586.— As Chlorion subfuscatum: Bischoff 1931:8.— As Prionyx subfuscatus: Diniz 1965:4; Myartseva 1972:84; R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Guichard 1978:270; Kazenas 1998:125, 2001:15, 2002:30; Roche 2007a:36; Dollfuss 2008:1415; Nemkov 2008:17; Danilov 2009:55; Nemkov 2009:46; Pagliano 2009:175; Danilov 2012a:163, 2012b:61, 2014a:424, 2014b:514; Ebrahimi 2014:24; Arens 2017:630; Danilov 2017:215; Danilov &amp; Mokrousov 2017:109; Jahantigh, Rakhshani, Mokhtari &amp; Ramroodi 2017:27; Danilov 2019:78; Can &amp; Gülmez 2019:349; Danilov 2020:320; Gadallah 2020:86; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:33.</p><p>Sphex soror Dahlbom 1845:436, sex not stated. Holotype: ♀, “Rhodus” [Greece: Island of Rhodes] (NRM). Synonymized with Sphex aegyptius by Kohl 1885:181, and with Sphex subfuscatus by de Beaumont 1949:127.—F. Smith 1856:243; Balthasar 1952:281.</p><p>Sphex nigritus Lucas, 1849:271, sex not stated (as nigrita), junior primary homonym of Sphex nigritus Fabricius, 1781, and of Sphex nigritus Turton, 1802 . Holotype or syntypes: “Lacalle” [Algeria: El Taref Province: El Kala] (MNHN). Synonymized with Sphex subfuscatus by Kohl 1885:179.—F. Smith 1856:244.</p><p>Sphex desertorum Eversmann 1849:368, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: “Hab. in campis provinciarum Astrachan., Saratov. et Orenburg., nec non in campis Kirgisorum australibus” [Russia: Astrakhan, Orenburg, and Saratov Provinces; and Kazakhstan] (ZISP, possibly lost according to Danilov 2016). Synonymized with Sphex subfuscatus by Kohl 1885:179.— Radoszkowski 1881:209, 1886:25.</p><p>Enodia chrysoptera Ruthe et Stein 1857:312, ♀. Holotype: ♀, “bei Berlin ” [Germany: Berlin] (ZMHU). Synonymized with Sphex subfuscatus by Kohl 1885:179.—As Sphex chrysoptera: Myartseva 1971:180.—As Parasphex chrysoptera: Kirchner 1867:217.</p><p>Gastrosphaeria anthracina A. Costa 1858:10. ♀, ♂. Syntypes: [Italy: various localities] (MZUN). Synonymized with Sphex subfuscatus by Kohl 1885:179.— Kirchner 1867:217.—As Sphex anthracina: A. Costa 1867a:70, 1867b:14.</p><p>Sphex namkumiensis Laidlaw 1929:232, ♀. Holotype: ♀, “Namkum, Bengal” [India: Jharkhand: Ranchi: Namkum] (NMSE). Tentatively synonymized with Sphex subfuscatus by R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134.</p><p>Sphex subfuscatus albovillosulus Giordani Soika 1942:198, ♂. Syntypes: “ Somalia: Iscia Baidoa” [Somalia: South West State: Baidoa] (depository unknown).—As Prionyx subfuscatus albovillosulus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134.</p><p>Chlorion subfuscatum race rhodesianum Arnold 1936:28, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: “Matetsi” [Zimbabwe: Matabeleland North: Matetsi] (ISAM).—As Prionyx subfuscatus? ssp. rhodesianus: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134.</p><p>? Sphex (Calosphex) rukwaensis Arnold 1959:325, ♂. Holotype: ♂, “Ukia, Rukwa valley, Tanganyika” [Tanzania: Rukwa Region: Ukia] (BMNH).—As Prionyx subfuscatus? rukwaensis: R. Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134.</p><p>Prionyx binghami Jha et Farooqi 1996:15, ♂, ♀. Holotype: ♀, “Pusa, Bengal” [India: Bihar: Pusa] (depository unknown), Paratype: ♀, “Banhar” [India: Bihar: Banhar] (NPC), photo examined. New synonymy. — Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:432; Pulawski 2024:4.</p><p>Full bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:33.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. subfuscatus closely resemble P. saevus, P. crudelis, and P. judaeus . The female of P. subfuscatus differs from P. crudelis and P. judaeus in having the head and mesosoma with pale setae, propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae, tarsal rake of foreleg only with some long, stout, bladelike setae ( P. crudelis and P. judaeus have the head and mesosoma with dark setae, the propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae, the tarsal rake of the foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some hairlike setae). The male of P. subfuscatus differs from P. crudelis and P. judaeus in having the propodeal enclosure without long, dense, black setae (propodeal enclosure with long, dense, hairlike black setae in P. crudelis and P. judaeus).</p><p>The female of P. subfuscatus differs from P. saevus in having the mandible black (mandible reddish mesally in P. saevus). The male of P. subfuscatus differs from P. saevus in having F3–F6 with placoids and S4–S6 without long black setae (F3–F4 with placoids and S4–S6 with long black setae apically in P. saevus).</p><p>Description. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 usual. Mandible black. Vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, punctate. Mesosoma .Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally,finely rugose.Scutum,mesopleuron,metapleuron, and propodeum areolate-rugose, slightly shiny. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, longitudinlly rugose and punctate. Metanotum slightly tuberculate dorsally. Wings yellow in venation zone, smoky apically; veins light brown to yellow; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 10–17 mm. Body black with black erect setae. Head. Labrum trapeziform. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite and paraocular area with appressed, silvery setae, moderately concealing integument. F3–F6 with narrow, depressed placoids. Mesosoma . Propodeal enclosure with long, sparse black setae. Metasoma. S4–S6 without long black setae; S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 14–22 mm. Body black with light erect setae. Head. Labrum trapeziform, emarginate apically. Clypeus angulate, with U-shaped median notch. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area and frons with appressed, goldish or silvery setae, concealing integument. Mesosoma . Pronotum and scutum with sparse semiappressed, goldish or silvery setae, not concealing integument. Propodeal enclosure with sparse light setae. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Justification of new synonymy. Having studied the photographs of the paratypes of Prionyx binghami from NPC, as well as the original description, we did not find any clear differences from subfuscatus .</p><p>Questionable synonymy. Sphex rukwaensis described by G. Arnold (1959) in the subgenus Calosphex was tentatively treated as Prionyx subfuscatus rukwaensis by R. Bohart and A. Menke (1976). Arnold in diagnosis of rukwaensis pointed out the differences between his new species and the other two African species of the subgenus Calosphex: P. niveatus (Dufour, 1854) and P. nigropectinatus (Taschenberg, 1869) . However, he did not mention subfuscatus, which was well known to him. Unfortunately, we were unable to study the holotype of rukwaensis, and the description does not provide sufficient evidence to resurrect this taxon to full species status.</p><p>Material examined. AZERBAIJAN. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.35/lat 40.666668)">Ganja</a> [formerly Yelisavetpol] [40°40’N, 46°21’E], 14–19.V.1909, I. Babadjanidi (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic: Shahbuz District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.466667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.416668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.466667/lat 39.416668)">Türkeş</a> [39°25’N, 45°28’E], 18– 26.VII.1940, M. Ryabov (2 ♂, ZISP) . CHINA. Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region: Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=82.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 82.55/lat 43.583332)">Künes River</a>, no specific locality [43°35’N, 82°33’E], VIII.1877, N. Przhevalsky (1 ♀, ZISP) . IRAN. South Khorasan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.866665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.2/lat 32.866665)">Birjand</a> [32°52’N, 59°12’E], 21–26.VI.1896 [the dates are possibly in error], N. Zarudny, (5 ♀, ZISP) ; Khusf County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.216667/lat 32.683334)">Chahkand-e Gol</a> [32°41’N, 59°13’E], 17.VI.1896 [the dates are possibly in error], N. Zarudny (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Zirkuh County, Dakkepatargun salt-marsh near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.616665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.616665/lat 33.45)">Shahrakht</a> [33°27’N, 60°37’E], 24.IV.1898, N. Zarudny (7 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP) ; Zirkuh County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.416668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.416668/lat 32.45)">Makhunik</a> [32°27’N, 60°25’E], 1.V.1898, N. Zarudny (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Zirkuh County, Ardakul near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.05/lat 33.483334)">Mohammadabad</a> [33°29’N, 60°03’E], 22.IV.1898, N. Zarudny (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Ardabil Province: Parsabad County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.766666/lat 39.6)">Owltan</a> [39°36’N, 47°46’E], 30.VI.1927, Zapolsky (2 ♀, ZISP) . KAZAKHSTAN. Abai Province: Beskaragay District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.683334/lat 50.683334)">Kanonerka</a> [50°41’N, 79°41’E], 18.VI.1955, P. Rafes (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Akmola Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=70.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.083332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 70.26667/lat 53.083332)">Kokshetau Mountains</a> [53°05’N, 70°16’E], 23.VI.1957, V. Rudolf (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 12.VII.1957, V. Tobias (2 ♂, ZISP); Aktobe Province: Mugalzhar District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=58.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 58.383335/lat 48.166668)">Zhaksytau in Mugodzhar Hills</a> [48°10’N, 58°23’E], 26.VII.1904, V. Dubiansky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Yrgyz District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.133335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.133335/lat 48.75)">Shet-Irgiz River</a> [48°45’N, 60°08’E], 10.VII.1928, V. Popov (3 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.733334/lat 47.2)">Lesser Barsuki</a> desert [47°12’N, 60°44’E], 28.VI–1.VII.1910, N. Androssow (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; 21.VII.1930, E. Luppova (1 ♀, ZISP); Greater Barsuki desert near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.533333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.533333/lat 47.583332)">Shalkar</a> [47°35’N, 59°32’E], 14.VI.1907, N. Androssow (1 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP) ; 24.VI.1930, A. Gozhev (1 ♀, ZISP); 1.VI.1908, N. Androssow (1 ♀, ZISP); 3.VI.2011, A. Ivanov (1 ♀, ZISP); Mugalzhar District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.216667/lat 48.4)">Kokzhide Sands</a> [48°24’N, 57°13’E], 19–23.VI.1908, D. Borodin, B. Uvarov (9 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; Shalkar District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=58.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.416668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 58.716667/lat 48.416668)">Berchogur</a> [48°25’N, 58°43’E], 26.VI.1910, L. Wollman (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Shalkar District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.683334/lat 47.783333)">Shalkar</a> [47°47’N, 59°41’E], 2.VII.1930, A. Gozhev (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Almaty Province: Ile District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=76.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 76.85/lat 44.233334)">Usharal</a> [44°14’N, 76°51’E], 4.VII.1903, L. Bergh (2 ♂, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=76.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.083332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 76.833336/lat 43.083332)">Mountains</a> near Almaty, no specific locality [43°05’N, 76°50’E], 17.VI.1903, L. Bergh (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Balkhash District, Bokkary natural boundary near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.333336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.133335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.333336/lat 45.133335)">Akkol</a> [45°08’N, 75°20’E], 8.VII.1903, L. Bergh (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Balkhash District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.866665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.88333/lat 44.866665)">Akzhar</a> [44°52’N, 75°53’E], 26.V.2015, K. Fadeev (1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=76.01667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.866665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 76.01667/lat 44.866665)">Balkhash District</a>, 17 km NW Bakanas [44°52’N, 76°01’E], 23.VI–15.VII.1970, V. Kazenas (2 ♂, SZMN) ; 17–19.VII.1970, V. Kazenas (2 ♀, FSCV); Atyrau Province: Inder District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=51.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 51.9/lat 48.466667)">Lake Inder</a> [48°28’N, 51°54’E], 1.VI.1907, B. Uvarov (2 ♂, ZISP) ; 31.V–9.VI.1907, D. Borodin (15 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); 27.VI.1951, D. Steinberg (1 ♂, ZISP); 23.VI.1951, V. Tobias (1 ♂, ZISP); East Kazakhstan Province: Katonkaragay District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.88333/lat 49.216667)">Akkaynar</a> [formerly Chernovoye] [49°13’N, 85°53’E], 8–10.VIII.1897, Silantiev (2 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP) ; Jambyl Province: Moiynkum District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.433334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.683334/lat 45.433334)">Mynaral</a> [45°26’N, 73°41’E], 26.VII.–16.VIII.1903, L. Bergh (2 ♀, ZISP) ; Moiynkum District, Basaral island in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.73333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.73333/lat 45.466667)">Lake Balkhash</a> [45°28’N, 73°44’E], 1.VIII.1903, L. Bergh (2 ♀, ZISP) ; Moiynkum District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.63333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.433334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.63333/lat 45.433334)">Moiynkum</a> [45°26’N, 73°38’E], 10.VI.1952, M. Baitenov (1 ♂, SZMN) ; Turar Ryskulov District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=72.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 72.1/lat 42.983334)">Akyrtobe</a> [42°59’N, 72°06’E], 7.VII.1931, Veltischev (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Turar Ryskulov District, Kargaly lake in <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=72.01667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.316666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 72.01667/lat 43.316666)">Moiynkum Desert</a> [43°19’N, 72°01’E], 23.V.1910, A. Kirichenko (1 ♂, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.883335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.36667/lat 42.883335)">Taraz</a> [formerly Auliye-Ata or Dzhambul] [42°53’N, 71°22’E], 21.VIII.1931, Veltischev (2 ♂, ZISP) ; Kostanay Province: Auliekol District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=63.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.283333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 63.516666/lat 52.283333)">Timofeevka</a> [52°17’N, 63°31’E], 27.VII.1928, Raevsky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Terisaqqan river near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.65/lat 50.25)">Arkalyk</a> [50°15’N, 67°39’E], 11–15.VI.1957, V. Tobias (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; Kyzylorda Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=65.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 65.51667/lat 44.85)">Kyzylorda</a> [formerly Ak-Mechet or Perovsk] [44°51’N, 65°31’E], 7.VI.1925, A. Ushinsky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 16.V.1916, N. Pulikovskaja (1 ♀, ZISP); near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=65.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 65.75/lat 44.783333)">Kyzylorda</a> [44°47’N, 65°45’E], 8.VI.2015, K. Fadeev (4 ♂, ZISP) ; Kazaly District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=61.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 61.733334/lat 45.666668)">Syr Darya River</a> mouth [45°40’N, 61°44’E], VI.1898, I. Heyer (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Shieli district, Syr Darya River near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.333336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.333336/lat 44.233334)">Baigekum</a> [Djulek] [44°14’N, 66°20’E], 29.V.1898, I. Heyer (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Shieli district, Meshugul natural boundary near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.016666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.51667/lat 44.016666)">Shieli</a> [44°01’N, 66°31’E], 28.V.1898, I. Heyer (2 ♂, ZISP) ; Zhanakorgan District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.25/lat 43.9)">Zhanakorgan</a> [formerly Yany-Kurgan] [43°54’N, 67°15’E], 27.V.1898, I. Heyer (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Aral District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.866665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.633335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.866665/lat 45.633335)">Barsa-Kelmes</a> [45°38’N, 59°52’E], 4.VI.1983, D. Piryulin (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Aral District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.683334/lat 46.333332)">Barsa-Kelmes Lake</a> [46°20’N, 59°41’E], 30.V.2011, A. Ivanov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Mangystau Province: Mangystau District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=53.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 53.516666/lat 43.8)">Sengyrkum</a> sands [43°48’N, 53°31’E], no date, A. Ivanov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Qarağandy Province: Konyrat [formerly Kounradskiy] near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.98333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.98333/lat 46.95)">Balkhash</a> [46°57’N, 74°59’E], 3.VII.2014, K. Fadeev (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Turkistan Province: Shardara District, the border of the Kyzylkum desert and the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.9/lat 41.183334)">Golodnaya Steppe</a> [Mirzachoʻl] on <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.9/lat 41.183334)">Syr Darya River</a> [approximately 41°11’N, 67°54’E], 10–12.V.1903, G. Jakobson (9 ♂, 4 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.9/lat 43.15)">Ushkaik</a> [43°09’N, 67°54’E], 24.V.1898, I. Heyer (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Ulytau Province: Zhanaarka District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.366665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.51667/lat 48.366665)">Koksengir</a> mount [48°22’N, 71°31’E], 28.VI.1959, M. Kozlov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; West Kazakhstan Province: Akzhaik District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=51.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 51.8/lat 48.75)">Kharkino</a> [48°45’N, 51°48’E], 2–19.VI.1951, V. Rudolf (7 ♂, ZISP) ; 2.VI.1951, V. Tobias (2 ♂, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=51.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 51.383335/lat 51.233334)">Oral</a> [=Uralsk] [51°14’N, 51°23’E], 1.VII.1906, B. Uvarov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 16.VII.1908, B. Uvarov (2 ♀, ZISP); 10.VII.1908, D. Borodin, B. Uvarov (1 ♂, ZISP) . KYRGYZSTAN. Talas Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=72.21667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 72.21667/lat 42.516666)">Talas</a> [formerly Dmitrievka] [42°31’N, 72°13’E], 24.V.1909, Minkwitz (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Chüy Province: Moskva District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.11667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.916668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.11667/lat 42.916668)">Sretenka</a> [42°55’N, 74°07’E], 17.VI.1931, L. Zimin (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Moskva District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.15/lat 42.816666)">Belovodskoye</a> [42°49’N, 74°09’E], 5.VIII.1931, L. Zimin (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Moskva District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.083336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.116665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.083336/lat 43.116665)">Telek</a> [43°07’N, 74°05’E], 5.VIII.1999, D. Milko (1 ♀, SZMN) ; Kemin District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.88333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.88333/lat 42.683334)">Cholok</a> [42°41’N, 75°53’E], 31.VII.2000, V. Dubatolov (2 ♂, SZMN) ; Ysyk-Ata District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=74.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.933334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 74.833336/lat 42.933334)">Sary-Dzhon</a> [42°56’N, 74°50’E], 6.VIII.1999 (1 ♀, SZMN) . MONGOLIA. Govi-Altai Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.36667/lat 45.55)">Bugat</a> [45°33’N, 94°22’E], 20.VII.1970, E. Nartshuk (1 ♂, ZISP) . RUSSIA. Altai Territory: near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.933334/lat 52.55)">Kulunda</a> [52°33’N, 78°56’E], 6–13.VII.1922, A. Reichardt (2 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; Klyuchevsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.1/lat 52.216667)">Klyuchi</a> [52°13’N, 79°06’E], 22.VIII.1952, G. Zolotarenko (1 ♀, SZMN) ; Astrakhan Province: Astrakhan [46°19’N, 48°01’E], A. Gebel’ (1 ♀, ZISP); 1868, A. Bekker (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.233334/lat 45.65)">Limansky District</a>, 13 km S of Liman [45°39’N, 47°14’E], 25.VII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (1 ♂, PCMM) ; Enotayevsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.616665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.616665/lat 46.816666)">Zamjany</a> [46°49’N, 47°37’E], 22.VIII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (2 ♂, 3 ♀, PCMM) ; 22.VIII.2015, M. Mokrousov (1 ♀, SZMN); 22.VII.2017, M. Mokrousov (1 ♀, SZMN); Enotayevsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.383335/lat 47.766666)">Nikolskoye</a> [47°46’N, 46°23’E], 8.VIII.1989, P. Lehr (1 ♂, SZMN) ; Narimanovsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=47.866665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 47.866665/lat 46.65)">Volzhskoye</a> [46°39’N, 47°52’E], 26.VII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (2 ♂, PCMM) ; 8.VII–18.VIII.2017, M. Mokrousov (13 ♂, 3 ♀, SZMN); Akhtubinsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.816666/lat 48.583332)">Kapustin Yar</a> [48°35’N, 45°49’E], 16–21.VIII.2003, V. Sapronov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Akhtubinsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.816666/lat 48.2)">Baskunchak Lake</a> [48°12’N, 46°49’E], 30.V.1996, V. Dubatolov (1 ♂, SZMN) ; Buryat Republic: Selenginsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.35/lat 51.25)">Baraty</a> [51°15’N, 106°21’E], 26.VII.2007, A. Lelej, M. Proshchalykin, V. Loktionov (3 ♂, FSCV; 1 ♀, SZMN) ; Dzhidinsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.21667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.21667/lat 50.683334)">Dzhida</a> [50°41’N, 106°13’E], A. Lelej, M. Proshchalykin, V. Loktionov (1 ♂, FSCV) ; Crimea Republic: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.416668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.366665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.416668/lat 45.366665)">Kerch</a> [45°22’N, 36°25’E], no date, A. Kirichenko (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.083332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.083332/lat 44.95)">Simferopol</a> [44°57’N, 34°05’E], 15.VI.1924, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Dagestan Republic: Tarumovsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.933334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.45/lat 44.933334)">Kuma river</a> [44°56’N, 46°27’E], 19.VII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (6 ♂, PCMM) ; Tarumovsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.916668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.55/lat 43.916668)">Alexandro-Nevskoye</a> [43°55’N, 46°33’E], 9.VI.–9.VIII.1927, N. Olsufjev (3 ♀, ZISP) ; Kalmyk Republic: Chernozemelsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.283333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.933334/lat 45.283333)">Komsomolsky</a> [45°17’N, 45°56’E], 2.VI.2016, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (17 ♂, PCMM) ; Chernozemelsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.716667/lat 45.7)">Mekleta</a> [45°42’N, 45°43’E], 19.VI.2017, M. Mokrousov (4 ♂, 2 ♀, SZMN) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.316666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.316666/lat 45.0)">Chernozemelsky District</a>, 26 km NWW Artesian [45°00’N, 46°19’E], 14.VIII.2015, M. Mokrousov (1 ♀, SZMN) ; Ketchenerovsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.283333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.65/lat 47.283333)">Ketchenery</a> [47°17’N, 44°39’E], 14.VII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (1 ♂, PCMM) ; Ketchenerovsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.233334/lat 47.333332)">Tsagan-Nur</a> [47°20’N, 45°14’E], 13.VII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (2 ♀, PCMM) ; Yashkulsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.366665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.366665/lat 46.2)">Yashkul</a> [46°12’N, 45°22’E], 16.VII.2015, S. Belokobylskij, V. Loktionov, M. Mokrousov, M. Proshchalykin (3 ♂, PCMM) ; Kherson Province: Aleshky near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.616665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.716667/lat 46.616665)">Kherson</a> [46°37’N, 32°43’E], 20VIII.1925, A. Kirichenko (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 22.VI–14.VII.1924, S. Fedorov (10 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); Krasnodar Territory: Apsheronsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.033333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.033333/lat 44.166668)">Kamyshanov</a> [44°10’N, 40°02’E], 27.VIII.2016, V. Zintshenko (1 ♀, SZMN) ; 25.VIII.2016, K. Yalinchuk (1 ♀, SZMN); Orenburg Province: Svetlinsky District, Shalkar-Yega-Kara <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.816666/lat 50.766666)">Lake</a> [50°46’N, 60°49’E], 15–25.VIII.2003, T. Tunyova (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Svetlinsky District, Aschisayskaya steppe <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=61.216667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 61.216667/lat 50.983334)">Nature Reserve</a> [50°59’N, 61°13’E], 7–8.VIII.2015, K. Fadeev (5 ♂, 9 ♀, ZISP) ; Primorskii Territory: Lazovsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=134.11667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.016666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 134.11667/lat 43.016666)">Lazovski Nature Reserve</a>, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=134.11667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.016666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 134.11667/lat 43.016666)">Glazkovka</a> [43°01’N, 134°07’E], 16.VII.2006, P. Nemkov (1 ♂, 1 ♀, FSCV; 1 ♂, SZMN) ; Rostov Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=41.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 41.5/lat 46.5)">Salsky District</a>, no specific locality [46°30’N, 41°30’E], 3.VIII.1931, B. Roddendorf (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Saratov Province: Saratov [51°32’N, 45°55’E], 20.VI–5.VII.1896, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.933334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.05/lat 51.933334)">Pugachyovsky District</a>, no specific locality [51°56’N, 49°03’E], 1913, V. Bostanzhoglo (5 ♂, ZISP) ; Stavropol Territory: Shpakovsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.016666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.016666/lat 45.216667)">Pelagiada</a> [45°13’N, 42°01’E], 3.VII.1925, D. Tratnikov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Neftekumsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.816666/lat 44.533333)">Achikulak</a> [44°32’N, 44°49’E], 11.IX.1953, P. Rafes (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; Tuva Republic: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.36667/lat 51.7)">Kyzyl</a> [51°42’N, 94°22’E], 16.VII.2009, S. Belokobylskij (1 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP) ; 18.VII.2000, O. Kosterin, N. Priidak (1 ♀, SZMN); Chaa-Kholsky District, Chaa-Khol river near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=92.21667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 92.21667/lat 51.35)">Ak-Durug</a> [51°21’N, 92°13’E], 6.VIII.2009, S. Belokobylskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 14.VII.1962, collector unknown (1 ♂, SZMN); Erzinsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.083332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.166664/lat 50.083332)">Tore-Khol Lake</a> [50°05’N, 95°10’E], 6.VII.1997, Yu. Mikhailov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 12.VII.1993, S. Tshernyshev (1 ♂, SZMN); Tandinsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.133335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.51667/lat 51.133335)">Sosnovka</a> [51°08’N, 94°31’E], 5.VII.1949, Dyatlova (1 ♂, SZMN) ; Kyzylsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.183334/lat 51.466667)">Elegest River</a> [51°28’N, 94°11’E], 22.VII.2014, A. Lelej, M. Proshchalykin, V. Loktionov (1 ♂, SZMN) ; Piy-Khemsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.416664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.416664/lat 51.9)">Piy-Khem River</a> [51°54’N, 94°25’E], 4.VII.2010, A. Erst (1 ♀, SZMN) ; Ulug-Khemsky District, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=92.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 92.9/lat 51.483334)">Shagonar</a> [51°29’N, 92°54’E], 20–26.VI.2017, A. Byvaltsev, N. Moskalenko (3 ♂, SZMN) ; Volgograd Province: Volgograd [48°31’N, 44°32’E], 1866, A. Bekker (4 ♂, ZISP); 1867, A. Bekker (1 ♀, ZISP); 1872, A. Bekker (3 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; 11.VI.1907, M. Koch (1 ♂, ZISP); 28.VI.1993, V. Krivokhatsky (1 ♂, ZISP); Kamyshinsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=45.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 45.383335/lat 50.166668)">Yelshanka</a> [50°10’N, 45°23’E], 21.VII–6.VIII.1933, L. Zimin (4 ♂, ZISP) ; Pallasovsky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.516666/lat 49.166668)">Lake Elton</a> [49°10’N, 46°31’E], 20.VI.2003, V. Krivokhatsky, O. Ovtshinnikova (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Zabaikalskii Territory: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.53333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.616665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.53333/lat 50.616665)">Onon river</a>, no specific locality [50°37’N, 115°32’E], 12.VII.1926, Naumov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Peschanka near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=113.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 113.6/lat 51.983334)">Chita</a> [51°59’N, 113°36’E], 15–20.VIII.1927, Mikhno (1 ♂, ZISP) . SOUTH KOREA. Busan [35°11’N, 129°04’E], 6–7.IX.1900, A. Semenov (1 ♀, ZISP) . TAJIKISTAN. Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.433334/lat 38.35)">Vanj</a> [38°21’N, 71°26’E], 18.IX.1943, D. Stackelberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) ; Khatlon Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.76667/lat 37.816666)">Bokhtar</a> [formerly Qurghonteppa or Kurgan-Tyube] [37°49’N, 68°46’E], 31.V.1931, N. Fursov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Region of Republican Subordination: Varzob District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.816666/lat 38.766666)">Varzob</a> [38°46’N, 68°49’E], 14.VI.2012, Sh. Nazarova (1 ♂, SZMN) . TURKMENISTAN. Ashgabat: Büzmeýin District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=58.083332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.916668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 58.083332/lat 37.916668)">Archabil</a> [=Firjuza] [37°55’N, 58°05’E], 8.VII.1906, K.Angher (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Ashgabat [37°57’N, 58°23’E] 31.V–6.VI.1925, V. Gussakovskij (4 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP); 26.V.[year?], K. Angher (1 ♀, ZISP); 20.V.1916, A. Ushinsky (1 ♂, ZISP); 8.VII.1924,A. Ushinsky (2 ♂, ZISP); 19.V.1932,A. Ushinsky (1 ♂, ZISP); Balkan Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.433334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.3/lat 38.433334)">Magtymguly</a> [formerly Kara-Kala] [38°26’N, 56°18’E], 6–8.VIII.1934, V. Popov (2 ♂, 2 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=56.266666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 56.266666/lat 38.983334)">Gyzylarbat</a> [formerly Serdar or Kyzyl-Arvat] [38°59’N, 56°16’E], 2–4.V.1912, Gedevanov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Daşoguz Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.833332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.966667/lat 41.833332)">Daşoguz</a> [formerly Tashauz] [41°50’N, 59°58’E], 21.VII.1931, A. Ushinsky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Lebap Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=63.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 63.166668/lat 38.566666)">Repetek Biosphere State Reserve</a> [38°34’N, 63°10’E], 30.VI.1982, V. Krivokhatsky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Mary Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.45/lat 36.7)">Imeni Chapayeva</a> [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], 18–20.VI.1925, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=62.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.616665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 62.15/lat 37.616665)">Baýramaly</a> [37°37’N, 62°09’E], 14.VII.1928, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 26.IV.1917, M. Ryabov (2 ♂, ZISP); 17.VII.1918, M. Ryabov (1 ♂, ZISP) . UKRAINE. Kyiv [50°25’N, 30°26’E], 5.IX.1928, A. Ushinsky (1 ♀, ZISP); Odesa [46°27’N, 30°41’E], 5.VIII.1926, Aksinin (1 ♀, ZISP); Poltava Province: Shyshaky District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.833332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.9/lat 49.833332)">Jaresky</a> [49°50’N, 33°54’E], 8.VIII.1925, Fabri (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 3.IX.1925, Fabri (1 ♀, ZISP); 21.VII.1923, M. Belchevsky (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) . UZBEKISTAN. Bukhara Province: near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=64.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.816666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 64.35/lat 39.816666)">Bukhara</a> [39°49’N, 64°21’E], 6.VII.1928, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Jizzakh Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.0/lat 40.5)">Golodnaya Steppe</a> [Mirzachoʻl] [40°30’N, 68°00’E], 16–25.V.1903, G. Jakobson (40 ♂, ZISP) ; 27–29.V.1903, Grebner (1 ♂, ZISP); Gʻallaorol District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=67.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.933334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 67.45/lat 39.933334)">Lalmikor</a> [formerly Kuropatkino] [39°56’N, 67°27’E], 1.VIII.1930, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Karakalpakstan: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=59.583332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 59.583332/lat 42.466667)">Nukus</a> [42°28’N, 59°35’E], VI–VII.1898, K. Rossikov (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Khorazm Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.366665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.35/lat 41.366665)">Khiva</a> [41°22’N, 60°21’E], 16.VI–24.VII.1927, V. Gussakovskij (5 ♂, ZISP) ; Tashkent Province: Boʻstonliq District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.566666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.76667/lat 41.566666)">Karankul’</a> [41°34’N, 69°46’E], 17.V.1898, I. Heyer (2 ♂, 6 ♀, ZISP) ; Yangiyoʻl <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.133335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.03333/lat 41.133335)">District</a>, near Yangiyoʻl [41°08’N, 69°02’E], 17.VI.1930, L. Zimin (1 ♂, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas of southern Palaearctic (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Malta, Croatia, Albania, Greece, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Ukraine, Romania, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Egypt, Georgia, Abkhazia, * Azerbaijan, Russia (Belgorod Province, Voronezh Province, *Kherson Province, Ulyanovsk Province, Saratov Province, Rostov Province, Volgograd Province, Kalmykia, Astrakhan Province, Krasnodar Territory, * Stavropol Territory, Dagestan, Crimea, Orenburg Province, Altai Territory, Tuva, Irkutsk Province, Buryatia, Zabaykalsky Territory, Amurskaya Province, Primorsky Territory), Turkey, Israel, Palestine, Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China (Liaoning, Gansu, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, * Xinjiang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang), North Korea, South Korea), Afrotropic (Angola, Ethiopia, Namibia, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Oman, Saudi Arabia) and western Indomalayan regions (India).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFB7FFEBFF7D19527B71DCD1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
7F0D87D3FFB8FFEDFF7D1ACF790DD885.text	7F0D87D3FFB8FFEDFF7D1ACF790DD885.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prionyx (Harpactopus) zarudnyi (Gussakovskij 1933)	<div><p>Prionyx (Harpactopus) zarudnyi (Gussakovskij, 1933)</p><p>(Figs 1f, 4a, 5e, 6e, 10g, 11e)</p><p>Sphex zarudnyi Gussakovskij 1933:372, ♂, ♀. Lectotype: ♀, “БаЗман—Тагаб” [Iran: Sistan and Baluchestan Province: Iranshahr County: Bazman District: Bazman], designated by Danilov 2012b:68 (ZISP), examined.— de Beaumont 1968:149; Danilov 2016:353.— As Prionyx zarudnyi: Bohart &amp; Menke 1976:134; Danilov 2012a:163, 164, 2012b:68; Jahantigh, Rakhshani, Mokhtari &amp; Ramroodi 2017:27; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov &amp; Odintsev 2023:433; Pulawski 2024:46.</p><p>Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. zarudnyi resemble P. subfuscatus, P. judaeus, and P. crudelis, but differ in having the wings smoky and the body brownish ( P. subfuscatus, P. judaeus, and P. crudelis have the wings yellow and the body black).</p><p>Description. Body brownish with fine brown erect setae. Head. Labial palpomeres 2–4 usual. Vertex, occiput and gena microsculptured, with fine, sparse, inconspicuous, appressed, goldish or brownish setae. Mesosoma . Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum areolate-rugose, shiny; propodeal enclosure dull. Wings smoky; veins light brown; recurrent vein II of forewing received by submarginal cell III. Legs. Claws with 2 ventral teeth; arolia present.</p><p>Male. Body length 14–19 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area and frons with appressed, silvery setae. Mandible reddish mesally. F3–F5 with narrow, depressed placoids. Mesosoma . Pronotum microsculptured, slightly shiny. Scutum finely transversely rugose anteriorly, longitudinally rugose posteriorly and smooth posterolaterally, slightly shiny. Pronotum and scutum anteriorly with fine, sparse, inconspicuous, appressed, goldish or brownish setae. Scutellum finely longitudinally rugose, dull. Metasoma. S6 entire, without teeth.</p><p>Female. Body length 19–24 mm. Head. Labrum trapeziform, emarginate apically. Clypeus angulate, with U-shaped median notch. Clypeus, subantennal sclerite, paraocular area and frons with appressed, goldish setae. Mesosoma . Pronotum microsculptured, distinctly longitudinally emarginate dorsally, slightly shiny. Scutum micropunctate, slightly shiny. Pronotum and scutum with fine, sparse, inconspicuous, appressed, goldish or brownish setae. Scutellum micropunctate, finely longitudinally rugose posteriorly, shiny. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.</p><p>Material examined. IRAN. Sistan and Baluchestan Province: Iranshahr County, Bazman District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=60.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 60.166668/lat 27.85)">Bazman</a> [27°51’N, 60°10’E], 10.VIII.1898, N. Zarudny (3 ♂, 1 ♀ paralectotypes, 1 ♀, lectotype, ZISP); 30.VIII.1898 (1 ♂, paralectotype, ZISP) .</p><p>Distribution. Desert areas of the Iranian Plateau (Iran).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F0D87D3FFB8FFEDFF7D1ACF790DD885	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A.;Kobets, Anastasia S.	Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A., Kobets, Anastasia S. (2024): A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856. Zootaxa 5551 (2): 263-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5551.2.3
