identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
7D76C065FFDDFFC1FF59F9ECAA9BFD04.text	7D76C065FFDDFFC1FF59F9ECAA9BFD04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus Philips and Akotsen	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus, Philips and Akotsen, new genus</p><p>Type species. Pocapharaptinus müllerae Akotsen and Philips</p><p>Diagnosis. The genus is characterized by long erect setae forming four loose tufts dorsally and laterally on the pronotum. The majority of the remaining pronotal surface is densely covered with flocculent, wooly, tan-colored setae that obscures the cuticular surface. When viewed anteriorly, the visible pronotal cuticle medially is triangular in shape. The elytral surface also has distinct puncture rows in addition to rows of recumbent and erect setae.</p><p>Description. Body: overall, small to moderate, 1.2–2.8mm long, oval or oblong-oval, convex; light to dark reddish brown. Head: Eyes small, round to somewhat triangular, moderately robust, generally not visible from above; interocular space about 3X eye width; vertex convex, slightly rounded, cavity present beneath eye and laterad of antennal insertion; antennae filiform, 11-segmented, antennal setal length variable from short to long, second antennomere inserted off center of scape near lateral edge, inter-antennal space narrow, with acute carina, slightly to distinctly projecting, more so anterioventrally; clypeus triangular, width ~1/2 head width below eyes; anterior margin of labrum broadly rounded; labial palpi 3-segmented; maxillary palpi 4-segmented; mandibular apex acute, lacking additional tooth; mentum triangular, with cavity. Pronotum: overall, square to slightly elongate; covered with thick spongy or dense setae; two pairs coarse, sub-vertical setal peaks laterally and dorsally, lateral peak elongate, with sparsely spaced coarse setae forming loose tufts, dorsal peak extending posteriorly at middle to near center; cuticle visible, largely devoid of setae both laterally around tufts and anterio-medially to near middle of disc, subtriangular to nearly transverse. Elytra: overall, convex, humeral angles rounded, punctures small, distinct, arranged in 10 rows; punctures sub-equal in size but variable in depth; each elytron with anterior and posterior patch of white setae on all species except P. soutpanensis . Ventral sclerites: Prosternum narrow, elongate, 5X as long as wide, extending onto mesosternum (Fig. 2); mesosternum as long as wide, ~ 1/2 length of metasternum, anteriorly adjacent to procoxae with transversely flattened, rounded projections extending ventrally; metasternum transverse, broadly emarginate posteriorly. Abdominal ventrites with all sutures distinct, 2–5 subequal, 1 and 2 distinctly longer, 4 shortest (Fig. 3). Legs: dorsal and ventral surface of tibiae and tarsi covered with fine recumbent narrow scale-like setae, also with several longer golden-yellow depressed narrow setae; metatarsomere 2X length of pro-and mesotarsomere.</p><p>Etymology. Derived from the Greek “poca” (meaning hair or wool), referring to the thick, dense pronotal setae; and “pharan” (meaning cleft or gully), which describes the cleft in the dense pronotal setae. These words are combined with the most speciose ptinid genus name Ptinus .</p><p>Comments. Species are concentrated in western and southwestern South Africa (Fig. 40). While species found in western South Africa experience winter rains (June - Sept.) with a long dry season during the summer (Dec. - Mar.), other species in the Western Cape Province are found in regions mainly with a summer rainfall pattern. All taxa are flightless, a characteristic often found in spider beetles that exploit dry dung as a food source in xeric habitats (Philips 2000). One species has been reared from dry pellets of rock hyrax or dassie ( Procavia capensis [Pallas]), suggesting that dung may be the preferred food source of species in this genus (Philips, unpublished).</p><p>Relationships. Philips (2000) noted that precise relationships of most spider beetle genera hypothesized from morphology are obscured due to convergent evolution of features associated with flightlessness, which may be an adaptation for water conservation in a xeric habitat. Many genera superficially look alike and little phylogenetic work has been done to support any purported relationships with the exception of Bellés (1985) and Philips (2000). Hence Pocapharaptinus is one of numerous flightless taxa in southern Africa with unclear affinities. One possible related lineage is southern African Ptinus, as it shares a number of potential synapomorphies with this clade including: a similar cuticular color of pale to dark reddish brown, possession of two white setal patches anteriorly and posteriorly on the elytra, erect and recumbent longitudinal rows of vestiture along and between elytral punctures rows, and similarly shaped elongate legs and antennae.</p><p>Distribution and biogeography. Endemic to South Africa, species of Pocapharaptinus are found in a surprisingly wide variety of habitats, including Cape Mountain passes at 2000m elevation, succulent deserts, and coastal scrub (Fig. 40). The distribution of the genus ranges from northern Namaqualand southward to the southwestern Cape Region (between 28˚S and 36˚S latitude) extending eastward to just beyond Mossel Bay (22.41˚E). Species found in the western part of the distribution occur in semi-desert with rainfall &lt;300mm per year (Kingdon 1989), but with a highly predictable seasonal winter rainfall and moderate temperatures, due in part to the cold Benguela current. Species in the Cape Region exist in the Fynbos, a biome with a unique flora that experiences a climate based on complex interactions between dry cold air from the west and moist warm air from the east (Kingdon 1989). At Cape Town, occasional rainstorms occur during the summer, with generally increasing frequency towards Mossel Bay in the east. Additionally some sheltered inland areas are relatively hot and dry. Hence, the diversity and complexity of temperature and rainfall patterns is no doubt responsible for the high floristic and faunistic diversity, with many endemic taxa including the species of Pocapharaptinus . Philips and Foster (2004) suggest that the limited distribution of the southern African spider beetle taxa indicate that this greater region is the center of origin for many ptinid species, including those of Pocapharaptinus .</p><p>Some species of this new genus have allopatric populations that appear to be separated by geographic barriers. For example, P. acanthos has been collected only near Cape Agulhas and Paarl, two localities in the southwest cape region that are partially separated by mountain ranges. Similarly, P. soutpanensis and P. müllerae are both found north and south of the Olifants River. The populations in each species are morphologically indistinguishable, but there is always the possibility of cryptic species. Alternatively and we think more likely explanations are that the distribution of P. acanthos is due to a collecting artifact, and for the other two species, the Olifants river does not appear to be an insurmountable barrier as one might expect most likely due to periodic lack of river water flow historically (Harrison et al. 2003). Similar distributions on both sides of this river are also known in other flightless species of beetles including the spider beetle Cryptopeniculus nigrosetus (Philips &amp; Foster 2004) as well as some species of Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) MacLeay dung beetles (Harrison et al. 2003).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFDDFFC1FF59F9ECAA9BFD04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFDFFFC4FF59F8A5AC6CFF5E.text	7D76C065FFDFFFC4FF59F8A5AC6CFF5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus mullerae Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus müllerae Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 9, 10, 25 &amp; 33</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Afr., Namaqual., Spectacle Pass, 29.42S- 17.40E / 31.8.1976; E-Y: 1190 / groundtrap, 33 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps, with faeces bait. Paratypes: S. Africa, Namaqualand Soutpan dunes, 31.15S- 17.52E / 1.8.1989: E-Y: 2623, litter under bushes, Endrödy and Klimaszew (17). S. Africa SW Cape Prov. Vanrhyn’s Pass, 31.23S- 19.02E / 18.8.1983, E-Y: 1940, groundtrap, 78 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, Perinth / groundtraps with meat bait (7). S. Africa Namaqualand Coast, Bitterriver mouth, 30.36S- 17.28E / 3.9.1977, E-Y: 1377, groundtraps, 56 days leg. Endrödy-Younga, / groundtraps with banana baits (12). S. Afr. Namaqualand, Stallberg pass, 30.27S- 18.04E; / 5.9.1977; E-Y: 1386, groundtraps 56 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with millipede bait (2), S. Africa Namaq., Coast, Buffelsrivier, 29.55S- 17.39E / 28.8.1977, E-Y: 1349, groundtraps, 59 days, leg Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with faeces bait (6), same except 1947 or 1948. S.Afr., Namaquald. Springbok-Mesklip, 29.49S- 17.52E: 28.8.1976, E-Y: 1184, groundtraps, 43 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga; groundtraps with faeces bait (3), S. Afr.; SW Cape Dermbergsdraai farm; 30.47S- 17.43E / 19.9.1994, E-Y: 3019, groundtraps, 6 days, leg Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with meat bait (2), same except 24.8.1979; E-Y: 1589, groundtraps 63 days (1). S. Africa Namaq., coast Wildepaarde Hoek, 29.57S- 17.40E / 28.8.1977, E-Y: 1351, groundtraps, 60 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with faeces bait (1).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by the nearly parallel-sided pronotal surface between the anterior setal tufts (Fig. 25), and the elongate and unexpanded paramere apices of the male genitalia (Fig. 33). Description. Color pale reddish brown; body oval, strongly convex. Length 1.2-1.8 mm. Head mainly smooth dorsally but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes; setae short, recumbent and erect; setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes present; carina posterior to antennal fossae absent. Pronotum with visible surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts narrow, nearly parallel sided, forming a distinct cleft between tufts; base of setal tufts arising near cuticular surface, not distinctly raised up on carinae, anterior margin swollen, especially at middle; lateral spines distinct from tufts, slightly thicker than erect elytral setae. Elytral surface markedly convex, apex broadly rounded, not projecting; erect setae golden yellow, short anteriorly and moderately long posteriorly; four small round patches of recumbent, elongate, slightly flattened, recumbent white setae anteriorly within puncture rows 5–6 and and posteriorly within rows 3–5. Male genitalia with parameres nearly parallel sided except near apex, apices unexpanded, curved only very slightly inwards near apex; median lobe parallel sided becoming acuminate in apical 1/5, total length 91% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 33).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet honors Ruth Müller, of the Transvaal Museum in Pretoria, South Africa, who loaned specimens and has always been helpful during visits to the institution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFDFFFC4FF59F8A5AC6CFF5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFDAFFC4FF59FEC6AAD7FA20.text	7D76C065FFDAFFC4FF59FEC6AAD7FA20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus harrisoni Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus harrisoni Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 11, 12, 26 &amp; 34</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Afr., S. Cape Mt, Matjisfontein Mt, 33.16S- 20.30E / 3.12.1978; E-Y: 1516, groundtrap, 40 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with faeces bait (20). Paratypes: same label as holotype (20). Same data as holotype except 25.10.1978; E-Y: 1478, 39 days (16). S. Afr., S. Cape Mt, Grootberg, W 1450m 33.55S- 20.51E / 2.11.1978; E-Y: 1528, groundtraps, 91 days leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with meat bait (18). Same except faeces bait (24). S. Afr., Cape Swartberg, 33.20S- 22.02E / 18- 22.1979; WB: 116 / groundtraps leg. W. Breytenbach (2). S. Afr., S. Cape, Swartberg Pass, 33.54S- 22.01E / 1.8.1979; E-Y: 1643, sifted, 1770 m, leg. Breytenbach (1+?).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by: visible pronotal surface between pronotal setal tufts triangular in shape when viewed anteriorly (Fig. 26), visible pronotal cuticle anteriorly curves gradually and smoothly to the base of the pronotal tufts (that of P. c a p e n s i s curves up more abruptly), apex of parameres slightly expanded (Fig. 34) ( P. capensis possesses parameres distinctly expanded apically).</p><p>Description. Color reddish brown; body oval, convex. Length 1.8-2.0 mm. Head dorsally smooth but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes; setae dense, long, recumbent and erect; setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes present; carina posterior to antennal fossae usually absent or indistinct. Pronotum with visible surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts broadly triangular, forming a &lt;90˚ angle posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising distinctly above anterior cuticle surface on curved carinae, carinae angled ~45° angle from surface, anterior margin swollen, especially at middle; lateral spines distinct from but blending into tufts, similar in thickness to erect elytral setae. Elytral surface slightly convex, apices slightly projecting; erect setae yellow, moderate in length; six longitudinally elongate patches of slightly flattened, recumbent white setae anteriorly within puncture rows 6–8, and posteriorly within rows 3–4 and 7- 8. Male genitalia with parameres thinnest near apical 1/3, strongly curved inward near apex, apices slightly expanded; median lobe with sides gradually converging towards apex, total length 86% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 34).</p><p>Variation. Some specimens lacking posterior white setal patch on elytral interval 8.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet honors James Harrison, current curator of Coleoptera at the Transvaal Museum in Pretoria, South Africa. He was an office companion and collaborator of the second author during post-doctoral studies at the University of Pretoria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFDAFFC4FF59FEC6AAD7FA20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFDAFFCAFF59FA14AC5FFF5E.text	7D76C065FFDAFFCAFF59FA14AC5FFF5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus akotsenorum Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus akotsenorum Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 13, 14, 27 &amp; 35</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Africa, Pofadder 20 km N, 29.01S- 19.27E / 24.8.1977, E-Y: 1328, singled, leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with banana bait. Paratype: same data as holotype (6).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by: a broadly obtusely angled cuticle between pronotal anterior setal tufts (Fig. 27); male genitalia with expanded posterior portion of parameres,and elongate median lobe (Fig. 35).</p><p>Description. Body reddish brown to brown; body oval, convex. Length 1.5–1.8 mm. Head dorsally smooth but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes, tubercles distinct; setae short, recumbent and erect; setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes present; carina posterior of antennal fossae absent. Pronotum with visible surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts broadly triangular, forming an obtuse angle posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising from just slightly above cuticular surface by height equal to that of tubercles on curved carinae, anterior margin swollen, especially at middle; lateral spines distinct from but blending into tufts, thickness similar to erect elytral setae. Elytral surface moderately convex, apices rounded, not projecting; erect setae yellow, moderately long; six round patches of slightly flattened recumbent white setae located anteriorly within puncture rows 5–8 and posteriorly within rows 4 and 8. Male genitalia with parameres thinnest near apical 1/3, strongly curved inwards near apex, apices distinctly expanded; median lobe parallel sided except near apex, total length 87% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 35).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet honors the parents of the first author, whose efforts and motivation helped to make his studies at Western Kentucky University and elsewhere possible.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFDAFFCAFF59FA14AC5FFF5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFD4FFCAFF59FEDDAD6BFB69.text	7D76C065FFD4FFCAFF59FEDDAD6BFB69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus capensis Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus capensis Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 15, 16, 28 &amp; 36.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Africa, Swartberge Blesberg-E 2000m 23.25S (note: this previous coordinate is in error and actually should be 33.25S) - 22.41E / 6.12.1978; E-Y: 1532, Ground trap: 76 days, leg. Endrödy- Younga / groundtraps with meat bait. Paratypes: same data as holotype (39). Same data as ferm. banana bait (5), same data as faeces bait (50). S. Afr., S. Cape Mt. Outenikwa Pass. 33.53S - 22.23E / 4.11.1979; E-Y; 1503, sifted fynbos, leg-Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with ferm. Banana (4).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by: a moderately V-shaped visible cuticle on the pronotum anteriorly between the setal tufts (Fig. 28); abrupt upward curvature of the visible cuticle to the base of the pronotal tufts ( P. harrisoni curves up more gradually); apex of parameres distinctly expanded (Fig. 36) ( P. harrisoni has the apex more parallel sided).</p><p>Description. Color reddish brown to brown; body oval, convex, slightly elongate. Length 2.0– 2.5 mm. Head dorsally mainly smooth but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes, tubercles distinct; setae short, recumbent and erect; setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes present; carina posterior to antennal fossae present. Pronotum with visible surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts broadly triangular, forming an angle &lt;90˚ posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising distinctly above cuticular surface on curved carinae, carinae angled nearly perpendicular to surface, anterior margin swollen, especially at middle; lateral spines distinct from but blending into tufts, thickness similar to erect elytral setae. Elytra slightly convex, apices rounded, not projecting; erect setae yellow, short anteriorly and moderately long posteriorly; slightly elongate patch of distinctly flattened recumbent white setae anteriorly within puncture rows 6–8 and more rounded patch posteriorly within rows 4–6. Male genitalia with parameres thinnest near apical 1/3, strongly curved inwards near apex, apices distinctly expanded; median lobe with sides gradually converging towards apex, total length 81% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 36).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality in the cape region of South Africa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFD4FFCAFF59FEDDAD6BFB69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFD4FFC8FF59FAA5AC9BFD2E.text	7D76C065FFD4FFC8FF59FAA5AC9BFD2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus soutpanensis Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus soutpanensis Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 17, 18, 29 &amp; 37</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Africa, Namaqualand, Soutpan Dunes, 31.15S- 17.52E / 1.8.1989; E-Y: 2623 / litter under bushes, Endrödy and Klimaszew. Paratypes: same data as holotype (36). Same data except Soutpan, 15 km N 31.11S- 17.46E / 28.8.1979; E-Y: 1815, white coastal dunes, leg. Endrödy-Younga (1). S. Afr., South West Cape, Lamberts Bay, N 32.04S- 18.19E / 25.8.1981; E-Y: 1844, groundtraps, leg. Endrödy- Younga,/ groundtraps with meat (2), same data except faeces bait (3); same except millipede bait (2); banana bait (6); faeces (2); litter in hummocks (3); same data except Lamberts Bai coast, 32.07S- 18.17E / 30.7.1989; E-Y: 2620, litter in hummocks, Endrödy and Klimaszew (3). S. Afr., Namaq. Coast, Gemskok Vlakte frm., 30.30S- 17.29E / 1.9.1977; E-Y: 1365 / groundtrap with meat bait (4). Same data except with banana bait (5). Same data except with millipede bait. S. Afr., S. W. Cape, Koekenaap, 31.32S- 18.14E / 31.8.1979; E-Y 1625, groundtraps, 59 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga / ground traps with faeces bait (10). Same data except banana bait (8). S. Afr., S. W. Cape, Nortier farm, 32.03S- 18.19E / 25.8.1981; E-Y: 1845 / ground trap with meat bait (15). Same except ferm. banana bait (4). Same data except faeces bait (6). S. Afr., Namaqualand, Stallberg Valley, 30.29S- 18.04E / 4.9.1977; E-Y: 1383, groundtraps, 56 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, / groundtraps with meat bait (1). S. Afr., SW Cape, Seweputs coast, 31.39S- 18.17E / 28.8.1981; E-Y: 1837, groundtraps, 64 days, leg.</p><p>Endrödy-Younga, / groundtraps with meat bait (7). S. Afr., Namaq. Coast, Bitterriver mouth, 30.36S- 17.28E / 3.9.1977; E-Y: 1377, groundtraps, 56 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, / groundtraps with faeces bait (1)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by a strongly acute angled visible cuticle between the pronotal tufts; pronotum with visible and distinct stout lateral setae (Figs 17, 29); male genitalia with parameres parallel sided for most of their length, and median lobe nearly the same length (93%) as the parameres (Fig. 37).</p><p>Description. Color reddish brown, body oval, convex. Length 1.5–1.8 mm. Head dorsally mainly smooth but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes, tubercles distinct; setae short, strongly recumbent and erect, setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes distinct; carina posterior to antennal fossae present but small. Pronotum with visible surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts narrowly triangular, forming an ~45˚ angle posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising directly from cuticle surface, not raised up on carinae, anterior margin not distinctly swollen; lateral spines distinct, not obscured by finer setae, distinctly thicker than erect elytral setae. Elytra moderately convex, apices rounded, not projecting; erect setae yellow, length short; four round patches of slightly flattened recumbent white setae located anteriorly within puncture rows 3 or 4–6 and posteriorly within 2 or 3–4. Male genitalia with parameres parallel sided except at apex, apices unexpanded, not distinctly curved inwards; median lobe parallel sided for most of length except near apex, total length 93% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 37).</p><p>Variation. Posterior patches of recumbent white elytral setae occasionally absent.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Afrikaan 'soutpan', meaning salt pan or salt flat, and refers to the Soutpan Dunes in Namaqualand where some type specimens were collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFD4FFC8FF59FAA5AC9BFD2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFD6FFC8FF59FCEAA974F910.text	7D76C065FFD6FFC8FF59FCEAA974F910.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus lachnos Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus lachnos Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 19, 20, 30 &amp; 38</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Africa S. W. Cape Nuweberg, Sneeukop, 34.03 S- 18.59 E / 16.11.1973; E-Y: 265, groundtraps: 130 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga. Paratype: same data as holotype (2). Same data except 12.X 1.1973; E-Y: 231, Oreotragu s dung, leg. Endrödy-Younga (2).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by the broadly rounded posterior margin of visible cuticle anterior to the pronotal setal tufts (Fig. 30).</p><p>Description. Color reddish brown; body oval, slightly elongate, convex. Length 2.2–2.5 mm. Head dorsally mainly smooth but with scattered setose small tubercles broadly scattered between eyes, tubercles distinct, setae short, recumbent and erect, setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes typically absent; carina posterior to antennal fossae present but small. Pronotum with visible surface not extending posteriorly between setal tufts, smoothly rounded posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising from slightly above anterior cuticle surface on curved carinae, carinae angled ~20º from surface, anterior margin slightly swollen; lateral spines distinct and not blending into tufts, slightly thicker than erect elytral setae. Elytra markedly convex, nearly rounded, apices slightly projecting; erect setae golden yellow, length moderate anteriorly but longer posteriorly; six small round patches of recumbent white setae located anteriorly within puncture rows 6–8 and posteriorly within rows 3–4 and 7– 8. Male genitalia with parameres thinnest near apical 1/3, strongly curved inwards near apex, apices distinctly expanded; median lobe with sides parallel sided except near apex total length 83% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 38).</p><p>Variation. Occasionally the posterior patch of recumbent white elytral setae within puncture rows 7 and 8 absent.</p><p>Etymology. Specific epithet derived from the Greek “lachno”, meaning woolly, refering to the flocculent pronotal setae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFD6FFC8FF59FCEAA974F910	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFD6FFCFFF59F907ABDEFAF1.text	7D76C065FFD6FFCFFF59F907ABDEFAF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus aboakyer Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus aboakyer Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 21, 22 &amp; 31</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Africa, W. Cape Province, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33.42 S- 21.57 E / 1.7.1998; E-Y: 3240, Groundtraps, leg. Tom Berry.</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by the visible pronotal surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts in a narrow triangular shape and forming an ~45˚angle posteriorly (Fig. 31); a lack of distinctive thick bristle like setae laterally on the pronotum separate from the flocculent pronotal setae (similar to P. soutpanensis); pronounced humeral and apical patches of white setae on elytra (Figs 21, 22).</p><p>Description. Color reddish brown; body oval, convex. Length 2.2–2.3 mm. Head dorsally mainly smooth but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes, setae small and erect; tubercles distinct; setae short, recumbent and erect; convergent setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes present; carina posterior to antennal fossae absent. Pronotum with visible surface extending posteriorly between setal tufts broadly triangular, forming an ~45° angle posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising distinctly above cuticular surface on curved carinae, carinae angled ~45° from surface, anterior margin swollen, especially at middle; lateral spines distinct from but blending into tufts, thickness similar to erect elytral setae. Elytra moderately convex, apex pointed, projecting; erect setae yellow, moderately long anteriorly and posteriorly, moderately thick and straight; four large round patches of slightly flattened recumbent white setae located anteriorly within puncture rows 5–8 and posteriorly within rows 3–5. Male genitalia not observed.</p><p>FIGURES 29–32. Pronota; 29. P. soutpanensis; 30. P. lachnos; 31. P. aboakyer; 32. P. acanthos .</p><p>FIGURES 33–39. Male genitalia. 33. P. müllerae; 34. P. h a r r i s o n i; 35. P. akotsenorum; 36. P. ca p e n s i s; 37. P. soutpanensis; 38. P. la ch no s; 39. P. acanthos .</p><p>Etymology. Specific epithet derived from the Fanti (a tribe in Ghana) word “ aboakyer ”, meaning “to catch an animal”, and is phenetically pronounced “a-boa-che’ar.” The name was chosen because further exploratory work is needed since only one specimen is currently known.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFD6FFCFFF59F907ABDEFAF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFD1FFCCFF59FA39AA4DFD2E.text	7D76C065FFD1FFCCFF59FA39AA4DFD2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus acanthos Akotsen and Philips	<div><p>Pocapharaptinus acanthos Akotsen and Philips, new species</p><p>Figs. 23, 24, 32 &amp; 39</p><p>Type material. Holotype: S. Afr., S. W. Cape, Klippe Rugt farm 34.42S- 20.12E / 28.8.1983; E-Y: 1993, groundtraps, 60 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga and Penrith. Groundtraps with banana bait. Paratypes: same as Holotype (2); faeces bait (8); meat bait (1). S. Africa S. W. Cape Pro., Haweqwas mt. 1350m; 33.40S- 19.05E / 4.12.1978 E-Y: 1520, groundtraps 92 days. Leg. Endrödy-Younga / groundtraps with banana (1); meat bait (2). Haweqwas, 33.34S- 19.08E / 5.11.1973; E-Y: 200, sifted humus, leg. Endrödy-Younga (1). S. Afr., S. W. Cape Arniston, inland, 34.39S- 20.13E / 29.8.1983; E-Y: 1995, groundtraps 59 days, leg. Endrödy, Penrith / groundtrap with faeces bait (3). S. Afr., S. W. Cape, Struisbaai, 34.46S- 20.03E / 28.8.1983; E-Y: 1989, groundtraps, 60 days, leg. Endrödy-Younga, Penrith / groundtraps with meat bait (1).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species can be characterized by the presence of elongate fine thin setae on the elytra (Figs 23 &amp; 24).</p><p>Description. Color reddish brown to brown; body slightly oval, convex. Length 2.0– 2.6 mm. Head dorsally mainly smooth but with scattered setose tubercles in a band between eyes, tubercles slightly pronounced; setae dense, short, recumbent and erect, setal tufts on either side of midline between eyes present; carina posterior to antennal fossae present. Pronotum with visible surface not extending posteriorly between setal tufts, smoothly rounded posteriorly; base of setal tufts arising from slightly above anterior cuticle surface on curved carinae, carinae angled ~20º from surface, anterior margin distinctly swollen; lateral spines distinct but blending into tufts, distinctly thicker than erect elytral setae. Elytra moderately convex, apex rounded, not projecting; erect setae yellow, relatively long both posteriorly and anteriorly, very fine, not straight; six large elongate patches of similarly thin recumbent white setae located anteriorly within puncture rows 5–8 and posteriorly approximately within rows 4–5 and 8–9. Male genitalia with parameres thinnest near apical 1/3, strongly curved inwards near apex, apices distinctly expanded; median lobe at middle with sides gradually converging towards apex, total length 94% of that of parameres measured from base (Fig. 39).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet derived from the Greek ' acanthos ', meaning “thorn", in reference to the distinct spine-like setae on the pronotum.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFD1FFCCFF59FA39AA4DFD2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
7D76C065FFD3FFCDFF59FF7FADAEFB9E.text	7D76C065FFD3FFCDFF59FF7FADAEFB9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pocapharaptinus	<div><p>Key to Pocapharaptinus Species</p><p>1. Visible pronotal surface anteriomedially extending posteriorly between pronotal tufts at an angle ≤45° (Figs 25, 29, 31) ................................................................................................................................................................................. 2</p><p>1’. Visible pronotal surface anteriomedially extending posteriorly between pronotal tufts at an angle of ~90° or more (Figs 26, 27, 28, 30, 32) ................................................................................................................................................ 4</p><p>2. Visible pronotal surface anteriomedially extending posteriorly between pronotal tufts approximately parallel sided (Fig. 25) ......................................................................................................................................................... P. müllerae</p><p>2’ Visible pronotal surface anteriomedially extending posteriorly between pronotal tufts with sides distinctly converging ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3</p><p>3 Stiff erect bristles laterally on pronotum clearly visible and not obscured by flocculent setae; size smaller &lt;1.8 mm (Figs 17, 18) .......................................................................................................................................... P. soutpanensis</p><p>3’ Stiff erect bristles laterally on pronotum obscured in part or wholly by flocculent setae; size larger&gt; 2.0 mm (Figs 21, 22) ......................................................................................................................................................... P. aboakyer</p><p>4. Visible pronotal surface between pronotal tufts more smoothly rounded posteriorly (Fig. 30).................... P. lachnos</p><p>4’. Visible pronotal surface between pronotal tufts distinctly angulate posteriorly........................................................... 5</p><p>5. Distributed in central Namaqualand in western South Africa; visible pronotal surface posteriorly between pronotal tufts broadly, obtusely angled (Fig. 27). ............................................................................................... P. akotsenorum</p><p>5’ Distributed in southern cape region; visible pronotal surface not as above ................................................................. 6</p><p>6. Elytral setae relatively fine and elongate, wispy in appearance; white setae similar in thickness to tan or brown setae (Figs 23, 24) ................................................................................................................................................. P. acanthos</p><p>6’. Elytral setae relatively course, stiff or bristle-like; white setae distinctly thicker compared to tan or brown setae (eg. Figs 15, 16) .................................................................................................................................................................. 7</p><p>7. Visible pronotal cuticle inferior to pronotal tufts in frontal view abruptly angulate anteriorly (Fig 26). Mainly distributed east of 22° longitude; known from Swartberge Blesberg-E and Outenikwa Pass (Figs 15, 16).......... P. capensis</p><p>7. Visible pronotal cuticle inferior to pronotal tufts in frontal view evenly curved anteriorly (Fig 28). Mainly distributed west of 22° longitude; known from Matjisfontein Mountain, Grootberg and the Swartberg (Figs 11, 12)............ .................................................................................................................................................................... P. h a r r i s o n i</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D76C065FFD3FFCDFF59FF7FADAEFB9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement;Philips, Keith	Akotsen-Mensah, Clement, Philips, Keith (2009): Description of a new genus of spider beetle (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 2160: 51-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188948
