taxonID	type	description	language	source
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	description	(Figs 15 – 16, 41, 53)	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: ♂, “ Uganda, Western Region, near Misindi, Bodongo Forest, N 1 ° 66.853 ’, E 31 ° 52.328, 14. i. 2011 – lux – 600 m, leg. H. Sulak & T. Kolb, ” GS 1469 (CGM / USTTB). Paratypes: 2 ♂, “ Uganda, Western Region, near Bundibugio, N 0.814. 277, E 30.154. 102, 23. – 27. i. 2011 – lux – 800 m, leg. H. Sulak & T. Kolb, ” LBEOA 1709 - 12 (CGM / USTTB).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 15 – 16). Flagellum, head and thorax covered with speckled straw and red scales. Abdomen straw. Forewing. Forewing length: 14 mm. Somewhat triangular with slightly wavy outer margin and prominent rounded apex. Basal, medial, and outer fields divided with smooth brown lines with straw contour and covered with speckled red and straw scales; medial field darker with black discal dot. Outer field divided with faint crenulated line into proximal and distal halves. Fringe speckled brown and straw. Hindwing. Somewhat oval with slightly wavy outer margin. Mediobasal field straw, separated from outer field with brown blurred faint medial line fading towards anal field. Outer field divided with blurred faint crenulated line into proximal and distal halves: proximal one light straw, distal one speckled straw and brown. Genitalia (Fig. 42). Tegumen a narrow band with large laterocaudal socii of semioval shape, apically covered with setae. Vinculum overgrown with ventromedial outgrowths, fused with lateral lobes of annelus, laterally bears valvae. Valvae elongated, curved, narrow towards apex, bifurcate in distal third; proximal branch straight, slightly longer than distal one, distal branch c-shaped, both apically pointed. Lobes of annelus elongated, triangular, slightly bent, apically pointed. Juxta an elongated plate, narrows towards dorsal fusion with phallus. Phallus slender, c-shaped, gradually narrows towards apex. Vesica could not be everted. Eighth sternite somewhat trapezoid: mediocaudally bears pair of claw-like extensions divided with semioval concavity; laterally rounded; basally bears pair of elongated, nearly straight apodemes. Female remains unknown.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hapsimachogonia graham sp. n. differs from: 1) Hapsimachogonia kilwana with pale hindwings and darker outer field (compare Figs 15 – 16 and 10 – 14); slightly more curved phallus, barely curved mediocaudal extensions and shorter and almost straight apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 41 and 38); local distribution in Uganda (Fig. 53); parapatry. 2) Hapsimachogonia margit sp. n. with pale hindwings (compare Figs 15 – 16 and 17 – 18); unequal length of branches of valvae, shorter juxta, shorter apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 41 and 42); parapatry (compare Figs 53 and 54); 3) Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. with less bent phallus, almost straight mediocaudal extensions of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 41 and 43 – 44); parapatry (compare Figs 53 and 55); 4) Hapsimachogonia michael sp. n. with lighter coloration (compare Figs 15 – 16 and 28 – 36); less bent phallus, almost straight mediocaudal extensions of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 41 and 45 – 46); parapatry (compare Figs 53 and 56); p - distance of 1.67 – 2.13 % (Fig. 57).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 53). Albertine Rift montane forests and Victoria Basin forest-savanna in Uganda.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Adults were collected in January from altitudes of 600 – 800 m. Preimaginal stages unknown.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB4FF99FF55FBD01EB44835.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named in honor of Graham Bratt (Germany), a lover on nature and gainer of the world.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	description	(Figs 17 – 18, 42, 50, 54)	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: ♂, “ ANGOLA, prov. Cuanza Sul, 26 km E Cassongue, 11 ° 52,257 ’ S / 15 ° 09,320 ’ E, 1650 m, 28. March 2014, leg. Sulak, Naumann & Ott ” GS 1470 (CGM / USTTB). Paratype: ♀, “ NAMIBIA, Kavango Region, Mangetti NP, S 18 ° 1792422, E 18 ° 924752, 1100 m, 14. Nov. 2012, leg. E. Ott & H. Sulak, ” GS 1471 (CGM / USTTB).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	description	Description. Male (Fig. 17). Flagellum, head and thorax covered with speckled red and straw scales. Abdomen straw. Forewing. Forewing length: 14 mm. Somewhat triangular with slightly wavy outer margin and prominent rounded apex. Basal, medial, and outer fields divided with smooth brown lines with straw contour and covered with speckled red and straw scales; basal field lighter colored; medial field with black and grey discal dot. Outer field divided with faint wavy line into proximal and distal halves. Fringe speckled brown and straw. Hindwing. Somewhat oval with slightly wavy outer margin. Mediobasal field reddish straw, separated from outer field with blurred wavy brown medial line. Outer field divided with blurred faint crenulated line into proximal and distal halves: proximal one slightly lighter colored. Genitalia (Fig. 42). Tegumen a narrow band with large laterocaudal socii of semioval shape, apically covered with setae. Vinculum overgrown with ventromedial outgrowths, fused with lateral lobes of annelus, laterally bears valvae. Valvae elongated, curved, narrow towards apex, bifurcate in distal third; proximal branch straight, distal branch c-shaped, both of the same length and apically pointed. Lobes of annelus elongated, triangular, slightly bent, apically pointed. Juxta an elongated c-shaped plate, dorsally fused with phallus. Phallus slender, c-shaped, gradually narrows towards apex. Vesica could not be everted. Eighth sternite somewhat trapezoid: mediocaudally bears pair of claw-like extensions divided with semioval concavity; laterally rounded; basally bears pair of elongated, nearly straight apodemes. Female (Fig. 18) resembles male but larger and slightly lighter colored with better pronounced apical prominence and another one at M 2 vein. Forewing length: 18.5 mm. Genitalia (Fig. 50). Papillae anales semioval, densely covered with setae. Posterior apophyses one fifth longer than anterior ones. Sterigma somewhat trapezoid with rounded corners, caudally narrower. Ostium slit-like. Ductus bursae a very narrow and short tube. Corpus bursae spherical.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hapsimachogonia margit sp. n. differs from: 1) Hapsimachogonia kilwana with almost straight mediocaudal extensions (compare Figs 42 and 38); about twice larger sterigma and corpus bursae (compare Figs 50 and 49); parapatry. 2) Hapsimachogonia graham sp. n. with darker hindwings (compare Figs 17 – 18 and 15 – 16); equal length of branches of valvae, longer juxta, longer apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 42 and 41); parapatry (compare Figs 54 and 53); 3) Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. with lighter colored medial lines on female forewings (compare Figs 18 and 19, 21, 24, 26); equal length of branches of valvae, longer juxta, almost straight mediocaudal extensions and longer apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 42 and 43 – 44); smaller opening of ostium, spherical corpus bursae (compare Figs 50 and 51); parapatry (compare Figs 54 and 55); 4) Hapsimachogonia michael sp. n. with lighter wing coloration (compare Figs 17 – 18 and 28 – 36); equal length of branches of valvae and straight proximal branch, longer juxta, almost straight mediocaudal extensions and longer apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 42 and 45 – 46); narrower opening of ostium, spherical corpus bursae (compare Figs 50 and 52); parapatry (compare Figs 54 and 56).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 54). Angolan montane forest-grassland in Angola and Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands in Namibia.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Adults were collected in March and November from altitudes of 1100 – 1650 m. Preimaginal stages unknown.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB7FF96FF55FDB21A124BCE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named in honor of Margit Ponnath, the heart and soul of the traditional Ponnath family, who is committed to art, culture and nature (Kemnath, Germany).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	description	(Figs 19 – 27, 43 – 44, 51, 55)	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: ♂, “ OBERVOLTA, Bobo Dioulasso, 7.12.82, leg. Dr. Politzar, ” GS 2012 - 002 (CGM / USTTB). Paratypes (12 ♂, 14 ♀). The Gambia: ♂, “ GAMBIA, TANJI, 13 ° 22 ’ N, 16 ° 46 ’ W, leg. R. W. Goff ” (CRG); 3 ♂, “ GAMBIA, ABUKO NATURE RESERVE, 11.2007, leg. R. W. Goff ” (CRG). Mali: 2 ♂, ♀, “ MALI, Kenieroba, 75 km SW Bamako, 11.2014 ” (CGM / USTTB). Burkina Faso: ♂, ♀, same data as HT but 3.11.74, 19.12.82 (CGM / USTTB). ♂, 8 ♀, “ OBERVOLTA, Folonzo am Fluss Comoe, 18.12.74, 1.1.75, 4.12.84, 9.9.85, 3.11.85, 8.11.85, 18.12.85, 31.12.85, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB); ♀, “ OBERVOLTA, Folonzo, 5.12.81, leg. Dr. Politzar (CGM / USTTB). Togo: ♂, ♀, “ Togo, Aretonou, 16.11.1978, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB); ♂, “ Togo, Bismarckburg, 20.7. – 20.9.90, leg. R. Büttner S. ” (MfNB). Nigeria: 2 ♀, “ N NIGERIA, Kaduna, 4.8.70, 8.09.70, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB); 2 ♂, “ N. NIGERIA: Kaduna, 20.11.1970, 2.12.1970, leg. H. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB); ♂, “ Obina, 20.6.37 ” (MCSG).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 20, 22, 24 – 25, 27). Flagellum, head and thorax covered with speckled red and straw scales. Abdomen straw. Forewing. Forewing length: 12 – 15 mm. Somewhat triangular with slightly wavy outer margin and prominent rounded apex. Basal, medial, and outer fields divided with smooth brown lines with straw contour and covered with speckled red and straw scales; medial field with black and grey discal dot, may be slightly darker than other fields. Outer field divided with faint wavy line into proximal and distal halves. Fringe speckled brown and straw. Hindwing. Somewhat oval with slightly wavy outer margin. Mediobasal field reddish straw, separated from outer field with blurred wavy brown medial line. Outer field divided with blurred faint crenulated line into proximal and distal halves: distal one may be darker colored. Genitalia (Figs 43 – 44). Tegumen a narrow band with large laterocaudal socii of semioval shape, apically covered with setae. Vinculum overgrown with ventromedial outgrowths, fused with lateral lobes of annelus, laterally bears valvae. Valvae elongated, curved, narrow towards apex, bifurcate in distal third; proximal branch barely s-shaped, distal branch shorter, c-shaped, both apically pointed. Lobes of annelus elongated, triangular, slightly bent, apically pointed. Juxta an elongated c-shaped plate, dorsally fused with phallus. Phallus slender, c-shaped, gradually narrows towards apex. Vesica could not be everted. Eighth sternite somewhat trapezoid: mediocaudally bears pair of claw-like outwardly bent extensions divided with semioval concavity; laterally rounded; basally bears pair of elongated, nearly straight apodemes. Female (Figs 19, 21, 23, 26) resembles male but larger and slightly lighter colored with better pronounced apical prominence and another one at M 2 vein. Forewing length: 17 – 19 mm. Genitalia (Fig. 51). Papillae anales semioval, densely covered with setae. Posterior apophyses one sixth longer than anterior ones. Sterigma somewhat trapezoid with rounded corners, caudally narrower. Ostium slit-like. Ductus bursae a very narrow and short tube. Corpus bursae oval.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. differs from: 1) Hapsimachogonia kilwana with darker colored medial lines on female forewings (compare Figs 19, 21, 24, 26 and 11, 14); longer proximal branch of valvae, stronger bent phallus (compare Figs 43 – 44 and 38); more pronounces caudal concavity of sterigma (compare Figs 51 and 49); parapatry. 2) Hapsimachogonia graham sp. n. with intensely bent phallus, outwardly bent mediocaudal extensions of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 43 – 44 and 41); parapatry (compare Figs 55 and 53); 3) Hapsimachogonia margit sp. n. with darker colored medial lines on female forewings (compare Figs 19, 21, 24, 26 and 18); unequal length of branches of valvae, shorter juxta, outwardly bent mediocaudal extensions and shorter apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 43 – 44 and 42); wider opening of ostium, oval corpus bursae (compare Figs 51 and 52); parapatry (compare Figs 55 and 54); 4) Hapsimachogonia michael sp. n. with lighter coloration (compare Figs 19 – 27 and 28 – 36); slightly longer distal branch of valva (compare Figs 43 – 44 and 45 – 46); narrower opening of ostium (compare Figs 51 and 52); prevalence in grassland, savannas, and shrublands (compare Figs 55 and 56).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 55). Guinean forest-savanna in the Gambia, Togo, and Nigeria; West Sudanian savanna in Mali, Burkina Faso, and Nigeria; Eastern Guinean forests in Togo.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Adults were collected in August – January from altitudes up to 650 m. Preimaginal stages unknown.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFB9FF94FF55FF0D1CC24B04.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named in honor of Max Ponnath Junior who is going to continue traditions of the Ponnath family in the future (Kemnath, Germany).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	description	(Figs 28 – 36, 45 – 46, 52, 56)	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: ♂, “ W- Africa, GUINEA, Konakri, Macenta Prefecture, Ziama Forest, 550 m, 250 watt, October 2017, leg. Petrányi G. et al., ” GS 1468 (CGM / USTTB). Paratypes: (22 ♂, 2 ♀). Guinea: 14 ♂, same data as HT, but 17.11 – 01.12.2016, February 2017, June 2017, GS 1466, 1467 (CGM / USTTB); ♂, “ Coll. Mus. Tervuren, Guinée, Conakry, Forêt classée de Diecke, IX – 2004, Leg. E. Vingerhoedt, ” LBEOW 1710 - 11 (RMCA). Liberia: ♂, “ Coll. Mus. Tervuren, LIBERIA, Putu Range, La. 5.6672 °, Lo. – 8.18694, 20 DEC. 2010 – 5 JAN. 2011, Leg. Sáfián Sz., Zakar E., ” LBEOA 1298 - 11 (RMCA). Burkina Faso: ♀, “ OBERVOLTA, Folonzo am Fluss Comoe, 3.11.85, leg. Dr. Politzar, ” GS LAS- 10 - 059 (CGM / USTTB); ♂, “ OBERVOLTA, Voltaquellen, Kourinyon, 28.9.76, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB); ♂, “ OBERVOLTA, Folonzo, 28.11.81, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB); ♂, “ OBERVOLTA, Folonzo, 28.11.81, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB). Côte d’Ivoire: ♂, “ ELFENBEINKÜSTE, Siderodougou, 27.4.77, leg. Dr. Politzar ” (CGM / USTTB). Ghana: ♂, “ GHANA, Eastern Region, BUNSO ARBORETUM, 31. X. 2009, Leg.: Sáfián, Sz., Walker, A., Davey, S., Onstein, R., ” LBEOW 1670 - 11 (RMCA). Nigeria: ♂, “ N. NIGERIA: Jemaa, 15.10.1971, leg. Dr. Politzar, ” GS LAS- 10 - 060 (CGM / USTTB). Cameroon: ♀, “ Lolodorf, 1901 ” (MHNG).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	description	Description. Male (Figs 28 – 33, 35). Flagellum, head and thorax covered with speckled brown, red and straw scales. Abdomen straw. Forewing. Forewing length: 12.5 – 15.5 mm. Somewhat triangular with slightly wavy outer margin and more or less prominent rounded apex. Basal, medial, and outer fields divided with smooth blurred brown lines with straw contour and covered with brown, red and straw scales. Outer field divided with faint blurred wavy line into proximal and distal halves, distal one may be darker. Fringe speckled brown and straw. Hindwing. Somewhat oval with slightly wavy outer margin. Mediobasal field brown and straw, separated from outer field with blurred wavy brown medial line. Outer field divided with blurred faint crenulated line into proximal and distal halves: distal one may be darker colored. Genitalia (Figs 45 – 46). Tegumen a narrow band with large laterocaudal socii of semioval shape, apically covered with setae. Vinculum overgrown with ventromedial outgrowths, fused with lateral lobes of annelus, laterally bears valvae. Valvae elongated, curved, narrow towards apex, bifurcate in distal third; proximal branch s-shaped, distal branch slightly shorter, lightly s-shaped, both apically pointed. Lobes of annelus elongated, triangular, slightly bent, apically pointed. Juxta an elongated c-shaped plate, dorsally fused with phallus. Phallus slender, c-shaped, gradually narrows towards apex. Vesica could not be everted. Eighth sternite somewhat trapezoid: mediocaudally bears pair of claw-like outwardly bent extensions divided with semioval concavity; laterally rounded; basally bears pair of elongated, nearly straight apodemes. Female (Figs 34, 36) resembles male but larger with better pronounced apical prominence and another one at M 2 vein. Forewing length: 17.5 – 18 mm. Genitalia (Fig. 52). Papillae anales semioval, densely covered with setae. Posterior apophyses one sixth longer than anterior ones. Sterigma somewhat trapezoid with rounded corners, caudally narrower. Ostium slit-like. Ductus bursae a very narrow and short tube. Corpus bursae oval.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. differs from: 1) Hapsimachogonia kilwana with darker coloration (compare Figs 28 – 36 and 10 – 14); longer proximan branch of valva, stronger bent phallus, almost straight shorter apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 45 – 46 and 38); larger sterigma (compare Figs 52 and 49); parapatry; 2) Hapsimachogonia graham sp. n. with darker coloration (compare Figs 28 – 36 and 15 – 16); stronger bent phallus, outwardly bent mediocaudal extensions of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 45 – 46 and 41); parapatry (compare Figs 56 and 53); p - distance of 1.67 – 2.13 % (Fig. 57); 3) Hapsimachogonia margit sp. n. with darker coloration (compare Figs 28 – 36 and 17 – 18); unequal length of branches of valvae and curved proximal branch, shorter juxta, outwardly bent mediocaudal extensions and longer apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 45 – 46 and 42); wider opening of ostium, oval corpus bursae (compare Figs 52 and 50); parapatry (compare Figs 56 and 54); 4) Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. with darker coloration (compare Figs 28 – 36 and 19 – 27); slightly shorter distal branch of valva (compare Figs 45 – 46 and 43 – 44); narrower opening of ostium (compare Figs 52 and 51); prevalence in tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests (compare Figs 56 and 55).	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 56). West Sudanian savanna in Burkina Faso; Western Guinean lowland forests in Guinea, Liberia, and Côte d’Ivoire, Eastern Guinean forests in Ghana; Guinean forest- savanna in Nigeria; and Congolian coastal forests in Cameroon.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Adults were collected in April, June, August – February from altitudes up to 550 m. Preimaginal stages unknown.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
8316ED7AFFBCFF90FF55FACD1DF34FEF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named in honor of Michael Ponnath, the head of the traditional Ponnath family founded around 1692 (Kemnath, Germany). Acknowledgments We thank Bernard Landry (MHNG), Rodolphe Rougerie (MNHN), † Thomas Witt (MWM), † Ugo Dall’Asta (RMCA), Ulf Buchsbaum, Mei- Yu Chen, and Axel Hausmann (ZSM) for providing access to the material and helping to process it. We are thankful to † Vasiliy D. Kravchenko (Tel Aviv University, Israel) for preliminary work in the Ekongo camp in March and April of 2017: setting up most traps, training local workers, and taking care of material under harsh conditions. We express our gratitude to the LuiKotale Bonobo Project leaders Barbara Fruth and Gottfried Hohmann for their help with the general curating of the insect collection from the project in Ekongo. A heartfelt thank you to LuiKotale and Ekongo camp managers Roman Keller and Alexis Louat who helped to organize, manage and maintain the daily work efforts in the camp. We appreciate the irreplaceable help of the Bekombo village people with collecting, sorting, packing, and transporting insects from Ekongo as well as with the daily routine in the camp. A portion of the presented work was done by Harald Sulak and Alexey Prozorov with the financial support of the Thomas-Witt-Stiftung.	en	Sulak, Harald, Yakovlev, Roman V., Semionova, Anastasia A., Saldaitis, Aidas, Petrányi, Gergely, Volkova, Julia S., Revay, Edita E., Müller, Günter C., Traore, Mohamed M., Lamah, Simon Pierre, Prozorova, Tatiana A., Prozorov, Alexey M. (2024): Four new Afrotropic Hapsimachogonia (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Argudini). Ecologica Montenegrina 78: 189-210, DOI: 10.37828/em.2024.78.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2024.78.18
