taxonID	type	description	language	source
81114138FF87FFE17D9FF8CBC614F8AB.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Troglocoelotes yumiganensis Zhao & Li, 2019, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF87FFE57D9FF84EC099FE4C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after N'Doul, a character in the third part of JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Stardust Crusaders; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The female of the new species resembles T. sinanensis (Zhou et al., 2023) by the broad copulatory opening and triangular epigynal teeth, but it can be distinguished by the spermathecal heads located medially (vs. anteriorly) and spermathecae with complex internal ducts (vs. absent). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 10.84, carapace 4.35 long, 2.85 wide, opisthosoma 6.47 long, 2.35 wide. Eyes vestigial. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME absent, ALE 0.13, PME 0.08, PLE 0.14, PME – PME 0.23, PME – PLE 0.22, ALE – PME 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.06. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 17.49 (4.48, 5.71, 4.29, 3.01), II 20.45 (4.36, 5.13, 4.74, 6.22), III 18.20 (4.29, 4.17, 4.36, 5.38), IV 11.67 (3.01, 2.95, 2.63, 3.08). Coloration (Fig. 3 A). Carapace yellow-brown. Cephalic region brown to dark brown, thoracic region pale yellow. Cervical and radial furrows distinct. Chelicerae dark brown. Endites and labium brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, without any pattern. Spinnerets gray. Epigyne (Fig. 1). Epigynal plate 2 times longer than wide. Epigynal teeth equilateral triangular, strongly sclerotized, located anteriorly. Atrium butterfly shaped, median plate anterior edge procurved. Copulatory openings broad medially. Copulatory ducts partially membranous, curved before reaching ellipsoidal spermathecae. Spermathecal heads obvious. Spermathecae with complex internal ducts. Fertilization duct directed at 2: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44790), China: Guangxi, Hechi City, Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous Co., Dacai Township, Shenlonggong Cave (24.7707 ° N, 108.3898 ° E), 1. VIII. 2023, Shanmi Zheng and Haolin Mo leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF83FFEA7D9FF9DFC099FE4C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Ruan Xiaowu, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The female of the new species resembles T. liangensis Zhao & Li, 2019 by the epigynal teeth directed mesially and oval spermathecae, but it can be distinguished by the strongly procurved posterior margin of the atrium (vs. slightly recurved) and middle part of copulatory ducts expanded (vs. unexpanded). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 4.72, carapace 2.65 long, 1.78 wide, opisthosoma 2.05 long, 3.08 wide. Eyes absent. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 11.24 (2.88, 3.70, 2.78, 1.88), II 10.60 (2.76, 3.36, 2.72, 1.76), III 10.04 (2.63, 2.97, 2.75, 1.69), IV 13.25 (3.24, 4.10, 3.85, 2.06). Coloration (Fig. 3 B). Carapace yellow-brown. Cephalic region brown to yellowish brown, thoracic region pale yellow. Cervical and radial furrows distinct. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs yellow with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, without any pattern. Spinnerets yellowish brown. Epigyne (Fig. 2). Epigynal plate as long as wide. Epigynal teeth finger shaped, located over the atrium, about 2 times wider than long. Atrium inconspicuous. Median plate strongly procurved. Copulatory ducts partially oval, then spiraled and attached to the anterior part of spermathecae. Spermathecal heads obvious. Spermathecae oval. Fertilization duct directed at 1: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44791), China: Guangxi, Fengshan Co., Fengcheng Town, Songren Vil., Xi'an Cave (24.5657 ° N, 107.04108 ° E, elev. 574 m), 12. III. 2007, Jie Liu and Yucheng Lin leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8CFFEA7D9FFD89C7F6FA40.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Lathys inaffecta Li, 2017 from China, Guizhou. Etymology. The genus is named after Langlibaitiao, nickname for one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; masculine in gender. Diagnosis. Langlibaitiao Lin & Li, gen. nov. is similar to Lathys Simon, 1885 (see Marusik et al., 2009, generotype), but the male can be distinguished by the absence of a patellar apophysis, with an obvious spine, tibia with 3 obvious spines directed dorsally, ventral tibial apophysis absent, retrolateral tibial apophysis tip with a strong spine and base of conductor with a semicircular process. Females can be distinguished by the simple, slightly curved copulatory ducts. Description. Male. Total length 2.00 – 3.01. Cephalic part strongly elevated, with several setae. Furrows indistinct, fovea reduced, longitudinally. Six eyes, PER procurved in dorsal view, ALE absent. All eyes encircled with black. Eyes subequal in size. Chelicerae with distinct lateral condyles. Leg formula 1423. Opisthosoma oval, with black anchor-shaped pattern, venter without distinct pattern. Cribellum narrow, undivided. Palp. Femur almost 3 times longer than patella. Patella with dorsal spine. Tibia with 3 spines retrolaterally. Tip of retrolateral tibial apophysis with strong spine retrolaterally. Cymbium pyriform. Conductor with anterior and posterior arms, base of conductor in the centre of the bulb. Embolus filiform, originating at approximately 10: 00 - o’clock-position. Female. Total length 2.0 – 2.5. Somatic characters as in male. Genitalia. Copulatory openings small, round and sclerotized. Copulatory ducts short, slightly curved, touching at midline, forming an " X ". Spermathecae, oval, separated. Distribution. China (Guizhou, Guangxi, Hainan). Notes. Because of the tibia with 3 spines retrolaterally and the X-shaped copulatory ducts, we transfer the species Lathys chishuiensis Zhang, Yang & Zhang, 2009 and Lathys inaffecta to the genus Langlibaitiao as Langlibaitiao chishuiensis (Zhang, Yang & Zhang, 2009) comb. nov. and Langlibaitiao inaffectus comb. nov. Species included. Langlibaitiao chishuiensis comb. nov., L. inaffectus comb. nov. and L. zhangshun Lin & Li, sp. nov.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8CFFE87D9FFA65C099FE89.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Zhang Shun, one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to that of L. chishuiensis by the largest dorsal spine serrated, but it can be distinguished by having the strong spines on the retrolateral tibial apophysis extended further than the tip of the retrolateral tibial apophysis (vs. almost equal). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.75, carapace 1.19 long, 0.96 wide, opisthosoma 1.56 long, 1.12 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME absent, ALE 0.10, PME 0.10, PLE 0.05, ALE – ALE 0.12, PME – PME 0.08, PME – PLE 0.04, ALE – PME 0.09, ALE – PLE 0.01. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 4.39 (1.25, 1.52, 0.99, 0.63), II 3.90 (1.11, 1.31, 0.89, 0.59), III 3.23 (0.94, 1.02, 0.79, 0.48), IV 3.69 (1.05, 1.25, 0.88, 0.51). Coloration (Fig. 6). Carapace black to brown. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum brown. Legs yellowish brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, with black anchor-shaped pattern, venter without distinct pattern. Spinnerets short, gray. Palp (Fig. 5). Femur almost 3 times longer than patella. Patella with dorsal spine. Tibia with small spine, dorsally with a strong, serrated spine. Retrolateral tibial apophysis curved, tip with a strong spine. Cymbium pyriform. Sperm duct curved at base. Tegular apophysis directed posteriorly, tip curved, base of tegular apophysis with sheet apophysis. Embolus filiform, originating at approximately 10: 00 - o’clock-position. Female. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44792), China: Hainan, Wuzhishan City, Wuzhi Mountain, 20. I. 2022, Fan Gao leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8EFFE87D9FFA9AC0E9FA5B.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Hahnia pusilla C. L. Koch, 1841.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8EFFEE7D9FFA1EC099FE4C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Yifan Zhu (Beijing, China), who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. Females of the new species can be distinguished from all congeners by the extremely large lateral sulci, about 1 / 2 the length of the epigynal plate and by the weakly sclerotized and elongate spermathecae (vs. oval or round). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 1.29, carapace 0.64 long, 0.41 wide, opisthosoma 0.91 long, 0.63 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.05, PME 0.07, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.07, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.05, ALE – PLE 0.01. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 8 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 1.26 (0.39, 0.41, 0.22, 0.24), II 1.13 (0.33, 0.37, 0.21, 0.22), III 1.00 (0.29, 0.32, 0.19, 0.20), IV 1.37 (0.41, 0.44, 0.26, 0.26). Coloration (Fig. 8). Carapace pale yellow, with gray radiating marks. Chelicerae, labium, gnathocoxae and sternum pale yellow. Legs pale yellow, covered with long setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray with dark pattern, covered with long setae; venter gray without pattern. Spinnerets white. Epigyne (Fig. 7). Epigynal plate 1.35 times wider than long. Lateral sulci two times wider than long. Copulatory openings located medially, fissured, touching each other. Copulatory ducts intertwined, basal part with glandular appendages, medial and distal part with U-shaped fold. Glandular appendages round. Spermathecae oval, 4 times wider than long. Fertilization duct directed at 10: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44793), China: Yunnan, Jianshui Co., Yunlong Mountain (23.7841 ° N, 107.04108 ° E, elev. 1939 m), 25. V. 2015, Fengyuan Li and Zhigang Chen leg. Paratypes. 4 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44794 – Ar 44797), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF88FFEE7D9FFA34C61FF9F6.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Platnick shablyai Marusik & Fomichev, 2020, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF88FFED7D9FF9BBC099FD29.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Xintong Li, who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to P. shablyai Marusik & Fomichev, 2020 by the spiraled embolus and absence of a retrolateral tibial apophysis. However, this new species can be distinguished from P. shablyai by the blunt tip of the tegular apophysis (vs. with a hook), expanded embolic base (vs. not expanded) and a retrolateral outgrowth of the patella absent (vs. present); in the female, this new species can be distinguished by the oval, expanded bursae (vs. finger shaped in other species). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.11, carapace 1.70 long, 1.44 wide, opisthosoma 2.13 long, 1.28 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.10, PME 0.06, PLE 0.08, AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.09, PME – PLE 0.08, AME – PME 0.05, ALE – PLE 0.05. Leg measurements: I 5.60 (1.58, 2.10, 1.00, 0.92), II 5.16 (1.50, 1.90, 0.90, 0.86), III 4.26 (1.10, 1.44, 0.88, 0.84), IV 5.66 (1.42, 2.04, 1.24, 0.96). Coloration (Fig. 11). Carapace red-brown, edge darker. Chelicerae red-brown. Endites and labium red-brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs yellowish brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, dark brown, covered with black setae, dorsal scutum covers almost 3 / 4 of opisthosoma; ventral scutum covering almost half of opisthosoma. Spinnerets pale yellow. Palp (Fig. 9). Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Patella as long as tibia. Retrolateral tibial apophysis absent. Tegular apophysis tip expanded, blunt. Sperm duct U-shaped. Conductor lamellate, membranous, tip sharp. Embolus spiraled. Female (one paratype Ar 44793). Total length 3.85, carapace 1.48 long, 1.20 wide, opisthosoma 1.64 long, 1.08 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.09, PME 0.04, PLE 0.06, AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.08, PME – PLE 0.05, AME – PME 0.07, ALE – PLE 0.04. Leg measurements: I 4.22 (1.18, 1.66, 0.66, 0.72), II 3.85 (1.06, 1.45, 0.64, 0.70), III 3.44 (0.98, 1.14, 0.66, 0.66), IV 4.92 (1.32, 1.66, 1.02, 0.92). Coloration (Fig. 11 C). Habitus similar to that of male except paler and scutum absent. Epigyne (Fig. 10). Epigynal plate rectangular. Copulatory openings wide, straight. Bursae oval, located anteriorly. Copulatory ducts nearly elliptical in dorsal view. Spermathecae oval, 2 times longer than wide, separated by 2 times their diameter from each other. Fertilization duct directed at 1: 30 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44798), China: Xizang, Nyingchi City, Nyingchi Co., Baiba Town (29.7986 ° N, 93.8472 ° E, elev. 3191 m), 31. VII. 2012, Zhiyuan Yao and Zhe Zhao leg. Paratypes. 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44799), same data as holotype; 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44800), China: Xizang, Nyingchi City, Gongbo'gyamda Co. (29.8837 ° N, 93.2406 ° E, elev. 3436 m), 30. VII. 2012, Zhiyuan Yao and Zhe Zhao leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8BFFED7D9FF8E3C1E9F843.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Funny valentine Lin & Li, 2022, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8BFFED7D9FF958C061F93F.taxon	discussion	Comments. The name Myropsisinae was proposed by Petrunkevitch in 1928 and Bonnet replaced this name with Macrobuninae in 1957 (Lehtinen, 1967).	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF8BFFF07D9FF867C0CDFB49.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Yan Qing, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to F. valentine by males having the retrolateral tibial apophysis with an internal branch. However, the males of the new species can be distinguished from F. valentine by the retro-proximal cymbial process in ventral view protrudes from the cymbium. (vs. indistinct), terminal part of dorsal tibial apophysis with a hook (vs. almost straight) and tegular apophysis 2 times longer than wide (vs. as long as wide). Females of the new species can be distinguished from F. valentine by the copulatory openings separated by a septum (vs. touching each other). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.46, carapace 1.21 long, 0.91 wide, opisthosoma 1.25 long, 0.86 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.02, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.07, AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.05, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.01, ALE – PLE 0.01. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 3.20 (0.95, 1.16, 0.62, 0.47), II 2.84 (0.84, 0.99, 0.56, 0.45), III 2.51 (0.75, 0.80, 0.55, 0.41), IV 3.53 (0.99, 1.21, 0.80, 0.53). Coloration (Fig. 16 A). Carapace yellow-brown, cephalic region brown to dark brown, thoracic region pale yellow. Cervical and radial furrows indistinct. Chelicerae dark brown. Endites and labium brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, without black pattern, covered with long gray setae. Spinnerets gray. Palp (Fig. 12). Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Patella as long as tibia. Retrolateral tibial apophysis divided: wide ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis and narrow dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis with a seta. Dorsal tibial apophysis thin basally, dilated centrally, knife shaped, tip recurved. Fold present. Retro-proximal cymbial outgrowth obvious. Tegulum with keel. Tegular apophysis contracted medially, darker at tip. Conductor partially wrapped around embolus, tip pointed. Embolus originating at approximately 9 - o’clock - position, with broad, lamellar process medially. Female (Ar 44802). Total length 1.92, carapace 1.03 long, 0.75 wide, opisthosoma 1.26 long, 0.91 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.02, ALE 0.08, PME 0.06, PLE 0.08, AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.07, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.03, ALE – PLE 0.01. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 2.39 (0.74, 0.89, 0.44, 0.32), II 2.17 (0.70, 0.75, 0.42, 0.30), III 1.90 (0.60, 0.62, 0.41, 0.27), IV 2.62 (0.76, 0.95, 0.58, 0.33). Coloration (Fig. 16 B). Same as male. Epigyne (Fig. 13). Epigyne about 2 times wider than long, copulatory ducts inconspicuous. Spermathecae almost 2 times longer than wide, kidney shaped. Fertilization ducts transverse. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44801), China: Xizang, Nyingchi City, Nyingchi Co., Bayi Town, nr. St. Biri Moutain (29.8556 ° N, 94.7990 ° E, elev. 2900 m), 11. VII. 2013, Qi Cao and Linghui Lin leg. Paratypes. 8 ♀ (IZCASAr 44802 – Ar 44809), same data as holotype. Biology. Living amongst the moss (Fig. 17).	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF96FFF07D9FFB6CC6A9F898.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Huoyanluo ruanxiaoqi Lin & Li, sp. nov. Etymology. The genus is named after Huoyanluo, nickname for one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; masculine in gender. Diagnosis. Huoyanluo Lin & Li, gen. nov. can be easily distinguished from all Macrobunidae genera by the curved dorsal tibial apophysis, longer than the tibia, the tegular apophysis with a needle-like process, and the presence of an outgrowth at the embolic base. Description. Male. Total length 2.19 – 2.81. Carapace oval, covered with sparse black setae, darkens dorsally. Furrows distinct. Fovea obvious, longitudinal. Six eyes, PER procurved in dorsal view, AME absent. All eyes encircled with black. Eyes subequal in size. Chelicerae with 3 – 5 promarginal and 5 – 8 retromarginal teeth. Leg formula 1423. Opisthosoma oval, covered with sparse black setae, venter without distinct pattern. Cribellum narrow, undivided. Palp. Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Tibia 1.5 – 2 times longer than patella. Tibia with 2 apophyses: retrolateral one divided: a wide, lamellar apophysis and thick, strongly sclerotized apophysis. Dorsal tibial apophysis elongated and curved, strongly sclerotized. Retro-proximal cymbial outgrowth present. Tegular apophysis with a needle-like process. Conductor membranous, partially wrapped around embolus. Embolus curved, originating at approximately 9: 00 - o’clock-position, base of embolus with lamellar outgrowth. Female. Unknown. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Species included. Huoyanluo ruanxiaoqi Lin & Li, sp. nov. and H. zhangzezhongi Lin & Li, sp. nov.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF96FFF67D9FF85CC099FE17.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Ruan Xiaoqi, one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species can be distinguished from H. zhangzezhongi Lin & Li, sp. nov. by the extremely distinct embolic base outgrowth, width approximately equal to bulb width (vs. embolic base outgrowth inconspicuous), ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis longer than dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis (vs. as long as dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis) and opisthosoma with black pattern. Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.81, carapace 1.38 long, 1.04 wide, opisthosoma 0.89 long, 1.41 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME absent, ALE 0.10, PME 0.09, PLE 0.08, ALE – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.07, PME – PLE 0.03, ALE – PME 0.03, ALE – PLE 0.01. Chelicerae with 5 promarginal and 8 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 4.64 (1.33, 1.69, 0.95, 0.67), II 3.63 (1.09, 1.25, 0.76, 0.53), III 3.10 (0.94, 1.02, 0.71, 0.43), IV 4.08 (1.17, 1.41, 0.95, 0.55). Coloration (Fig. 16 C). Carapace yellow to brown. Cephalic region brown, thoracic region pale yellow. Cervical and radial furrows distinct. Fovea obvious, longitudinal. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, without any pattern. Spinnerets gray. Palp (Fig. 14). Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Tibia 1.5 times longer than patella. Tibia with 2 apophyses: retrolateral one divided into 2 parts: ventral apophysis longer than dorsal apophysis. Dorsal tibial apophysis elongated and curved, strongly sclerotized, without bifurcation, tip sharp. Retro-proximal cymbial outgrowth inconspicuous. Tegular apophysis with a small needle-like process at base. Conductor membranous, partially wrapped around embolus. Embolus curved, originating at approximately 9: 00 - o’clock-position, basally with an outgrowth, almost as long as embolus. Female. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44810), China: Yunnan, Baoshan City, Longling Co., Gaoligong National Park (24.828972 ° N, 98.7675 ° E, elev. 2177 m), 4. XII. 2013, Yucheng Lin and Jie Liu leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF91FFF47D9FFF3EC099FD29.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Zezhong Zhang, who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. See diagnosis of Huoyanluo ruanxiaoqi Lin & Li, sp. nov. Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.19, carapace 1.23 long, 0.91 wide, opisthosoma 1.27 long, 0.94 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME absent, ALE 0.09, PME 0.06, PLE 0.08, ALE – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.09, PME – PLE 0.08, ALE – PME 0.06, ALE – PLE 0.01. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I lost, II lost, III 2.80 (0.83, 0.88, 0.61, 0.48), IV 3.86 (1.02, 1.23, 0.86, 0.57). Coloration (Fig. 16 D). Carapace yellow to brown. Cephalic region brown, thoracic region pale yellow. Cervical and radial furrows distinct. Fovea obvious, longitudinal. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, with black pattern. Spinnerets gray. Palp (Fig. 15). Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Tibia 2 times longer than patella. Tibia with 2 apophyses: retrolateral one divided: ventral apophysis almost as long as dorsal apophysis. Dorsal tibial apophysis elongated and curved, bent almost 90 °, strongly sclerotized, without bifurcated, tip sharp. Retro-proximal cymbial outgrowth obvious. Tegular apophysis with a long, curved, needle-like process. Conductor membranous, partially wrapped around embolus. Embolus curved, originating at approximately 9: 00 - o’clock-position, basally with an outgrowth, embolus almost 3 times longer than embolic base outgrowth. Female. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44811), China: Yunnan, Lushui Co., Luzhang, Yaojiaping (25.9710 ° N, 98.7093 ° E, elev. 2600 m), 15. XII. 2013, Yucheng Lin and Jie Liu leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF92FFF47D9FFCB8C10FFC79.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Phricotelus stelliger Simon, 1895 by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF92FFFB7D9FFC3CC71DFEE4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Yang Xiong, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Phricotelus yangxiong Lin & Li, sp. nov. can be distinguished from two other Phricotelus species by the long and slender scape and the copulatory ducts coiled 5 times around spermathecae (vs. copulatory ducts with 1 convolution in P. langwanduo Zhang, Li & Lin, 2023 and not coiled in P. stelliger Simon, 1895 (see Lopardo & Hormiga, 2015 )). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 1.07, carapace 0.45 long, 0.43 wide. Opisthosoma 0.61 long, 0.51 wide. Leg measurements: I 1.46 (0.44, 0.48, 0.29, 0.25), II 1.20 (0.37, 0.39, 0.23, 0.21), III 1.03 (0.34, 0.31, 0.20, 0.18), IV 1.22 (0.39, 0.40, 0.23, 0.20). Coloration (Figs 20 A – B). Carapace oval, dark brown, with dark areas centrally and marginally. Cephalic area moderately raised. Chelicerae dark. Sternum black, edge lighter, peltate, posteriorly truncate. Metatarsus I with prolateral mating clasper. Opisthosoma yellowish, modified by dark brown spots of various sizes, with short posterior protuberance. Palp (Fig. 18). Almost equal to carapace size. Femur almost 3 times longer than patella. Patella longer than wide. Tibia small, bowl shaped, basally constricted, width equal to length, edge with long setae. Cymbium 2 times longer than wide, envelops bulb retrolaterally, with a large, leaf-shaped cymbial process medially, tip with hook, serrated retrolaterally. Distal part forming long, fingerlike cymbial conductor, tip with setae. Tegulum smooth. Embolus almost 1.5 times longer than bulb, slender, with velum distally. Female (paratype Ar 44813). Total length 1.84, carapace 0.50 long, 0.47 wide. Opisthosoma 1.36 long, 0.84 wide. Leg measurements: I 1.51 (0.48, 0.51, 0.27, 0.25), II 1.34 (0.42, 0.46, 0.25, 0.21), III 1.15 (0.37, 0.39, 0.20, 0.19), IV 1.52 (0.52, 0.50, 0.29, 0.21). Coloration (Figs 20 C – D). Similar to that of male except paler, dark brown spots on opisthosoma reduced and femoral spot on leg I. Epigyne (Fig. 19). Epigynal plate weakly sclerotized, almost as long as wide. Two grooves on epigynal plate, distance between grooves about 1 – 1.5 times wider than grooves width. Scape protruded, membranous, ridged. Copulatory openings unobvious. Membranous copulatory ducts coiled 5 times around spermathecae, entering from posterolateral side of spermathecae. Spermathecae spiraled, strongly sclerotized, separated by ca. 1.5 times their length. Fertilization ducts sclerotized, originating from posteromedial side of spermathecae, terminus triangular. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44812), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 8. VII. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 4 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44813 – Ar 44816), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Comments. There are currently only two species in this genus, P. langwanduo and P. stelliger, and both are only known from the female. The presence of an abdominal protuberance indicates this species should be placed in this genus.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF9EFFF87D9FFEEAC1E0FE4B.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Brachythele virgata Simon, 1891 by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF9EFFFE7D9FFE6EC099FE4C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Shi Xiu, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Females of the new species are similar to R. yangren Lin & Li, 2022 and R. lamia Yu & Zhang, 2021 by having only 1 pair of spermathecae. However, the new species can be distinguished by the straight spermathecae (vs. curved in R. lamia) and spermathecae 2 times longer than wide (vs. 4 times longer than wide in R. yangren). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 17.63, carapace 6.79 long, 5.77 wide, opisthosoma 10.77 long, 5.58 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.29, PME 0.13, PLE 0.15, AME – AME 0.13, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.40, PME – PLE 0.04, AME – PME 0.14, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae with 9 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 19.25 (4.94, 7.62, 3.59, 3.10), II 18.47 (4.68, 6.99, 3.75, 3.05), III 18.40 (4.49, 6.15, 4.68, 3.08), IV 24.04 (5.26, 8.21, 6.98, 3.59). Coloration (Fig. 24 A). Chelicerae red-brown. Carapace, endites, labium and sternum yellowish brown. Legs yellowish brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, brown, without any pattern. Heart mark pale yellow, sword shaped. Four spinnerets, pale yellow. Epigyne (Fig. 21). Spermathecae white, 5 times longer than wide, weakly sclerotized. Pore glands denser anteriorly, becoming less numerous proximally. Apices blunt, unexpanded. Spermathecae separated by their length. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44817), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Lingui Dist., Huixian Town, Douyan, 15. VI. 2023, Ming Yi leg. Paratype. 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44818), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF98FFFF7D9FFE11C099FC91.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Xie Zhen, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to that of R. guangxi (Raven & Schwendinger, 1995) by having a similarly shaped psembolus, but they can be distinguished by the heart-shaped bulb (vs. conical). Female of R. xiezhen Lin, Wang & Li, sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other Raveniola species by the inner spermathecae almost as long as the outer. Description. Male (holotype). Total length 8.57, carapace 5.77 long, 4.87 wide, opisthosoma 4.95 long, 2.80 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.33, PME 0.16, PLE 0.22, AME – AME 0.17, AME – ALE 0.12, PME – PME 0.45, PME – PLE 0.03, AME – PME 0.14, ALE – PLE 0.05. Chelicerae with 7 retromarginal teeth and 16 denticles. Leg measurements: I 17.83 (5.06, 6.47, 4.10, 2.20), II 16.67 (4.68, 5.96, 3.78, 2.2), III 14.42 (4.17, 4.74, 3.53, 1.98), IV 20.19 (5.38, 6.92, 5.32, 2.57). Coloration (Figs 24 B, 25 A). Chelicerae black-brown. Carapace, endites, labium and sternum brown. Legs red-brown, with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, dark brown, without any pattern. Heart mark inconspicuous. Four spinnerets, pale yellow. Palp (Fig. 22). Femur longer than tibia. Patella almost as long as cymbium. Tibia almost as long as bulb. Tip of cymbium with 6 strong spines. Tegulum smooth, pyriform, with long, slender psembolus, ratio of tegulum length to psembolus 1: 1. Terminus of psembolus curved. Female (one paratype Ar 44820). Total length 16.12, carapace 7.65 long, 6.09 wide, opisthosoma 8.50 long, 4.85 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.25, ALE 0.45, PME 0.25, PLE 0.31, AME – AME 0.46, AME – ALE 0.18, PME – PME 0.74, PME – PLE 0.11, AME – PME 0.19, ALE – PLE 0.17. Chelicerae with 8 retromarginal teeth and 21 denticles. Leg measurements: I 19.06 (6.28, 7.65, 3.24, 1.89), II 17.04 (5.44, 6.47, 3.16, 1.97), III 14.18 (4.03, 5.05, 3.15, 1.95), IV 21.58 (6.34, 8.15, 4.75, 2.34). Coloration (Fig. 24 C). Similar to that of male except darker. Epigyne (Figs 23, 25 B). Two pairs of spermathecae, inner spermathecae almost as long as outer spermathecae. Outer spermathecae stalk curved, tip expanded. Inner spermathecae almost triangular, 0.8 times longer than wide, 4 times wider than outer spermathecae, weakly sclerotized. Pore glands denser apically and becoming less numerous toward the base. Apices blunt, unexpanded. Spermathecae separated about 1.5 times their basal width. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44819), China: Yunnan, Honghe, Pingbian Miao Autonomous Co., Daweishan Nature Reserve (22.9102 ° N, 103.7004 ° E, elev. 1200 m), 04. X. 2023, Can Zhang leg. Paratype. 1 ♀ (IZCASAr 44820), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF99FFFF7D9FF851C1BBF810.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Nesticus navicellatus Liu & Li, 2013 by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FF99FFC37D9FF7D5C099FCCF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the short form of Sichuan Cave Exploration Team (SiCET); noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to that of S. hei Yu & Lin, 2023 by the ventrally directed terminal apophysis and the presence of an embolic base outgrowth, but it can be distinguished by the having only 1 process of conductor (vs. 3), and the distal process of paracymbium 1 is as long as the distal process of paracymbium 2 (vs. shorter). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.70, carapace 1.10 long, 0.98 wide, opisthosoma 1.64 long, 1.13 wide. Eyes absent. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 10.40 (2.96, 3.24, 2.92, 1.28), II 8.44 (2.52, 2.72, 2.08, 1.12), III 6.68 (2.04, 2.08, 1.72, 0.84), IV 8.52 (2.64, 2.68, 2.10, 1.10). Coloration (Fig. 28 A). Carapace white, with sparse setae. Chelicerae yellow. Endites and labium white. Sternum white. Legs white with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, covered black setae, without any pattern. Spinnerets white. Palp (Fig. 26). Paracymbium long, with 3 apophyses. Ventral apophysis shorter than distal process 1, triangular. Distal processes heavily sclerotized, distal process 1 slender, almost as long as distal process 2. Distal process 2 tip triangular. Conductor complex, with a heavily sclerotized basal apophysis. Terminal apophysis protruding ventrally. Embolic base outgrowth greatly expanded, directed ventrally. Embolus filiform, arising on retrolateral flank (approximately 3: 00 - o’clock-position), surrounding base of bulb, terminating at approximately 11: 00 - o’clock-position. Female (paratype Ar 44822). Total length 2.33, carapace 1.23 long, 0.97 wide, opisthosoma 1.82 long, 1.12 wide. Eye absent. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 9.73 (2.97, 3.16, 2.45, 1.15), II 7.68 (2.30, 2.42, 1.94, 0.98), III 5.81 (1.94, 1.71, 1.42, 0.74), IV 7.29 (2.28, 2.47, 1.70, 0.84). Coloration (Fig. 28 B). Habitus similar to that of male except darker. Epigyne (Fig. 27). Epigynal plate simple, disc shaped, scape indistinct; lateral and posterior margins indistinct. Median plate short, slightly protruding, hexagonal. Copulatory openings indistinct, slit like, located on the anterior margin of cleft situated on posterior margin of epigynal plate. Middle of copulatory ducts round, expanded, separated from each other by half of their diameter. Spermathecae oval, separated by twice their length. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44821), China: Sichuan, Chengdu City, Pengzhou City, Bailu Town, Lianhua Cave (31.1828 ° N, 103.9357 ° E, elev. 1079 m), 1. X. 2023, Yejie Lin and Jincheng Liu leg. Paratype. 1 ♀ (IZCASAr 44822), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFA6FFC07D9FFB28C11AFA89.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Speocera pallida Berland, 1914 by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFA6FFC07D9FFAACC099F7D8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Yiduo Wang (Zhuhai, China), who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. ankalana Li & Li, 2019, but males can be distinguished by having the embolus shorter than the associated sclerite (vs. longer than the associated sclerite in S. ankalana). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 1.01, carapace 0.61 long, 0.42 wide; opisthosoma 0.57 long, 0.33 wide. Chelicerae anterolateral margin with outgrowth, promargin with a series of 5 teeth. Leg measurements: I 1.94 (0.59, 0.69, 0.40, 0.26), II 1.76 (0.54, 0.63, 0.36, 0.23), III 1.58 (0.49, 0.52, 0.34, 0.23), IV 2.14 (0.63, 0.73, 0.47, 0.31). Coloration. Carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern; pars cephalica flat, fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, longer than wide. Endites light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge; labium light yellow, suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical, short. Chelicerae light yellow. Eyes: 6 contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation, PME smallest, PLE largest. Legs light yellow. Opisthosoma oval; purplish. Palp (Fig. 30). Femur almost as long as cymbium. Tibia shorter than cymbium. Cymbium conical, without prolateral extension. Bulb spherical. Embolus short, black, associated sclerite longer than embolus, tip blunt. Sperm duct gradually tapering distally. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44823), China: Guangdong, Zhuhai City, Jiangjun Mountain (22.2326 ° N, 113.5666 ° E, elev. 1200 m), 4. IV. 2022, Yiduo Wang leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFA7FFC17D9FFA9CC1C5FA5D.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Clotho durandi Latreille, 1809 by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFA7FFC47D9FFA00C099FE89.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Yu Chen (Tianjin, China), who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to U. durandi (Latreille, 1809) (see Baum, 1972) by the terminal apophysis directed ventrally, without branches, and the same shape of the conductor; females share bracketed copulatory openings and elongated, weakly sclerotized copulatory ducts. However, this new species can be distinguished from U. durandi by the tegular apophysis almost 2 times longer than embolus (vs. as long as embolus); in the female, the copulatory ducts are on the ventral side of the fertilization ducts in ventral view (vs. on the dorsal side). The new species has a large, white spot on the anterior margin of the opisthosoma and a pair of long, ovoid white spots in the center (vs. both the anterior margin and the center of the opisthosoma with a pair of similarly shaped yellow spots). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 4.19, carapace 2.10 long, 2.35 wide, opisthosoma 3.35 long, 2.05 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.21, ALE 0.20, PME 0.16, PLE 0.15, AME – AME 0.13, AME – ALE 0.05, PME – PME 0.32, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.08, ALE – PLE 0.04. Leg measurements: I 8.78 (2.41, 2.94, 2.21, 1.22), II 8.33 (2.13, 2.83, 2.18, 1.19), III 8.00 (2.28, 2.66, 2.03, 1.03), IV 8.74 (2.31, 2.97, 2.34, 1.12). Coloration (Fig. 33 A). Carapace yellowish brown, nearly round. Cervical groove and radial furrow distinct. Sternum, labium, endites, palp and legs yellow. Sternum heart shaped, with dense brown setae. Labium nearly as long as wide, with dense brown setae. Endites with few brown setae. Legs with some black-brown setae. Opisthosoma elliptical, black-brown, with large white spot on anterior margin of, a pair of long, ovoid white spots in the center, and an inverted triangular white spot posteriorly. Anterior lateral spinnerets red-brown, posterior lateral spinnerets yellowish brown. Palp (Fig. 31). Femur 3 times longer than patella. Tibia almost 1.5 times longer than patella. Cymbium 1.5 times longer than tibia. Bulb round in ventral view. Subtegulum at posterior of bulb. Tegulum round in ventral view. Tegular apophysis triangular, pointed ventrally, without branching, tip needle shaped. Sperm duct distinct in prolateral and retrolateral view. Conductor transparent, tip expanded, slightly curved. Embolus short, needle shaped, slightly curved, almost 0.5 times of tegular apophysis. Female (paratype Ar 44828). Total length 6.99, carapace 2.88 long, 3.40 wide, opisthosoma 6.22 long, 4.17 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.26, ALE 0.23, PME 0.20, PLE 0.23, AME – AME 0.13, AME – ALE 0.05, PME – PME 0.43, PME – PLE 0.04, AME – PME 0.09, ALE – PLE 0.06. Leg measurements: I 10.28 (2.76, 3.48, 2.60, 1.52), II 10.20 (2.72, 3.60, 2.44, 1.44), III 9.84 (2.60, 3.32, 2.56, 1.36), IV 11.08 (2.96, 3.68, 2.80, 1.64). Coloration (Fig. 33 B). Similar to that of male except darker. Epigyne (Fig. 32). Copulatory openings bracket shaped, more sclerotized at margins. Copulatory ducts elongated, terminating at sclerotized base of spermathecae. Spermathecae almost membranous, white, except sclerotized at base. Fertilization ducts attached to spermathecae with long ducts, directed at 2: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44827), China: Guangxi, Baise City, Pingguo Co., Xingning Vil., Bafengshan Temple (23.5678 ° N, 107.6798 ° E, elev. 291 m), 17. X. 2010, Xiaoxiao Wang and Linghui Lin leg. Paratypes. 2 ♀ (IZCAS- Ar 44828, Ar 44829), China: Guangxi, Baise City, Tianyang Co., Baiyu Township, Liulian Vil., Ganzhuang Mountain, Tongtian Cave (23.7481 ° N, 107.0129 ° E, elev. 275 m), 6. VIII. 2011, Xiaoxiao Wang leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFA2FFC47D9FF915C13BF8D4.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Schoenobates pavesii Simon, 1873 by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFA2FFCA7D9FF898C099FC1F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Xie Bao, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The female of the new species resembles that of O. aureola Tong & Li, 2011 by the length of the anterior spermatheca being twice its width and the length of the apodemes of the anterior spermatheca equal to the height of the anterior spermatheca, but it can be distinguished by the anterior spermatheca with a medial contraction and the apodemes of the anterior spermatheca are directed at the 2: 00 - o’clock-position (vs. anterior spermatheca widest medially, gradually narrowing on both sides, with apodemes of the anterior spermatheca directed at 3: 00 - o’clock-position). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 1.36, carapace 0.66 long, 0.49 wide, opisthosoma 0.80 long, 0.68 wide. Eyes: PME roughly circular, touching; ALE− PME touching, PLE− PME separated from less than PME radius. Leg measurements: I 1.90 (0.61, 0.62, 0.48, 0.19), II 1.91 (0.59, 0.65, 0.46, 0.21), III 1.40 (0.41, 0.48, 0.33, 0.18), IV 1.86 (0.61, 0.59, 0.47, 0.19). Coloration (Fig. 35). Carapace yellow, strongly elongate oval in dorsal view, pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly and posteriorly narrowed, smooth surface. Clypeus margin unmodified. Sternum as long as wide, anterior margin unmodified, shield shaped, yellowish white, surface smooth. Chelicerae yellow, straight; labium subcircular with constricted base; serrula present in single row on anterolateral margin of endites, setae sparse. Legs yellow, with sparse setae, femur IV thickened, wider than femora I− III. Opisthosoma ovoid, slightly elongate oval in dorsal view, dorsum with white unsclerotized parts, without particular color pattern but conspicuous herringbone band dorsally. Spinnerets yellow, small. Epigyne (Fig. 34). No distinctive features in ventral view, anterior spermatheca only faintly visible. In dorsal view, posterior spermatheca spherical, transparent, with sparse pore glands distributed on surface. Posterior apodeme transparent, dorsal depression, posterior margin with an obtuse angle and protruding towards the side, anterior margin semi-circular. Anterior spermatheca cylindrical, with a distinct constriction medially, about twice as long as wide. Apodemes of anterior spermatheca directed at 2: 00 - o’clock-position. Internal pocket triangular. Lateral projection of anterior spermatheca triangular, with obvious median sclerotization, height about 1.8 times anterior spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44830), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., VII. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 9 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44831 – Ar 44839), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFACFFCA7D9FF86FC1B0F7CD.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Tibellus punctipes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891 by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFADFFC97D9FFF3EC099FB87.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the father of the collector (Mr. Qianle Lu), Mr. Jian Lu; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to A. lonesomegeorgei Baert, 2013 by the flat tip of the dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis. However, this new species can be distinguished from A. lonesomegeorgei by the embolus directed ventrally (vs. directed posteriorly) and an outgrowth located posteriorly on the dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis (vs. dorsally); in the female, this new species is similar to A. longipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) (see Dondale & Redner, 1975) by the oval spermathecae and spermathecal organs obscured on the ventral side of the spermathecae. However, this new species can be distinguished from A. longipes by the ligulate atrium (vs. atrium narrowed). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.01, carapace 1.83 long, 1.63 wide, opisthosoma 2.18 long, 1.20 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.07, PME 0.07, PLE 0.12, AME – AME 0.11, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.17, PME – PLE 0.24, AME – PME 0.15, ALE – PLE 0.22. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 6.53 (1.95, 2.25, 1.58, 0.75), II 7.90 (2.32, 2.65, 1.95, 0.98), III 6.20 (1.80, 2.15, 1.55, 0.70), IV 6.49 (2.05, 2.13, 1.58, 0.73). Coloration (Figs 40 A, 41 A). Carapace pale yellow, dark brown medially, edge with dense black setae. Chelicerae yellowish brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum yellow. Legs pale yellow with black spots, covered with long black and white setae. Opisthosoma oval, yellowish with brown pattern, covered with white and black setae. Heart mark dark brown, oval. Spinnerets pale yellow. Palp (Fig. 36). Femur 3 times longer than patella. Tibia almost as long as patella. Retrolateral tibial apophysis divided, dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis and ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis are approximately equal in size, an outgrowth located on posterior side of dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis. Tegulum oval with an apical suture, without conductor or tegular apophysis. Sperm duct loop visible in middle of tegulum. Embolus attached to top of tegulum, near the 11: 00 - o’clock-position. Embolus with acute tip and hook shaped, following tegular margin to 1: 00 - o’clock-position. Female (one paratype Ar 44841). Total length 3.15, carapace 1.86 long, 1.60 wide, opisthosoma 2.38 long, 1.32 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.06, PLE 0.09, AME – AME 0.13, AME – ALE 0.10, PME – PME 0.19, PME – PLE 0.20, AME – PME 0.14, ALE – PLE 0.19. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.54 (1.60, 2.12, 1.28, 0.54), II 6.30 (1.84, 2.34, 1.38, 0.74), III 5.00 (1.66, 1.82, 1.16, 0.36), IV 5.50 (1.70, 1.92, 1.28, 0.60). Coloration (Figs 40 B, 41 B). Habitus similar to that of male except paler. Epigyne (Fig. 37). Epigynal plate oval, atrium ligulate. Copulatory ducts inconspicuous. Spermathecae oval, spermathecal organs hidden on ventral side of spermathecae. Fertilization duct wide, directed at 2: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44840), China: Guangxi, Yulin City, Rong Co., Duqiaoshan Forest Park (22.8216 ° N, 110.6429 ° E, elev. 187 m), 22. III. 2022, Qianle Lu leg. Paratypes. 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44841, Ar 44842), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFAFFFC97D9FFBAAC168FB0A.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Psellonus planus Simon, 1897 by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFAFFFCF7D9FFB2EC359FDD9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality (Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, in Chinese pinyin: Dàwānqū); noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to the generotype (see Malamel et al., 2019) by the bifurcated retrolateral tibial apophysis and curved embolus. However, the new species can be distinguished from the generotype by the curved tegular apophysis (vs. straight) and the lowest point of sperm duct located in the middle of the tegulum (vs. at the posterior edge of the tegulum); the female of the new species is similar to the generotype and P. kianganensis (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) by the same shape of epigyne, but this new species can be distinguished by the presence of pockets (vs. absent) and spermathecal organs located terminally (vs. medially in P. kianganensis). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.92, carapace 1.68 long, 1.83 wide, opisthosoma 2.15 long, 1.28 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.08, PME 0.06, PLE 0.09, AME – AME 0.16, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.29, PME – PLE 0.19, AME – PME 0.13, ALE – PLE 0.23. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 7.04 (2.13, 2.48, 1.63, 0.80), II 9.54 (2.84, 3.32, 2.33, 1.05), III 6.77 (2.18, 2.28, 1.58, 0.73), IV 5.95 (1.95, 2.05, 1.30, 0.65). Coloration (Fig. 40 C). Carapace white, edge paler, with dense white setae. Chelicerae white. Endites, labium and sternum white. Legs white without any pattern, covered with long white setae. Opisthosoma oval, white, covered with white setae. Heart mark unobvious. Spinnerets white. Palp (Fig. 38). Femur about 3 times longer than patella. Tibia almost 1.5 times longer than patella. Retrolateral tibial apophysis split into 2 parts, a blunt ventral part and a pointed dorsal part. Tegulum oval (length / width: 1.5) with apical suture. Tegular apophysis hook shaped. Sperm duct located on middle of tegulum. Embolus originates near the 10: 00 - o’clock-position of the tegulum. Embolus with an acute tip. Female (paratype Ar 44844). Total length 3.06, carapace 1.65 long, 1.85 wide, opisthosoma 2.45 long, 1.43 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.07, PME 0.06, PLE 0.09, AME – AME 0.18, AME – ALE 0.05, PME – PME 0.33, PME – PLE 0.22, AME – PME 0.17, ALE – PLE 0.28. Chelicerae with 1 promarginal tooth. Leg measurements: I 6.68 (2.02, 2.48, 1.35, 0.83), II 8.68 (2.60, 3.15, 1.90, 1.03), III 6.54 (2.12, 2.35, 1.32, 0.75), IV 5.68 (1.84, 1.98, 1.18, 0.68). Coloration (Fig. 40 D). Similar to that of male. Epigyne (Fig. 39). Epigynal plate almost triangular, (length / width: 2) epigynal grooves anteriorly elongated, a pair of pockets medially. Copulatory ducts inconspicuous. Spermathecae oval, spermathecal organs directed at 2: 30 - o’clock-position. Fertilization duct elongated, directed at 1: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44843), China: Guangdong, Huizhou City, Dayawan Distr., Laoshe Vil., 10. III. 2023, Xin Xie leg. Paratypes. 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44844 – Ar 44846), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Notes. Because of the flat, frontally truncated carapace in combination with a unique eye configuration, we transfer Philodromus kianganensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 to Psellonus as Psellonus kianganensis (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFABFFCD7D9FFA96C12DFA57.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Coccorchestes rufipes Thorell, 1881, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFABFFD07D9FFA15C099FCCF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is the website name of the collector; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. rufipes Thorell, 1881 (see Prószyński, 1971) by the blunt, broad retrolateral tibial apophysis, the sperm duct following the same path, the coiled embolus and coiled copulatory ducts. However, the new species can be distinguished from C. rufipes by the dorsal tip of retrolateral tibial apophysis with an outgrowth (vs. absent) and the distinct embolic disc (vs. indistinct). The female of the new species can be distinguished from congeners by the absence of an epigynal window (vs. present) and copulatory ducts expanded basally, almost 6 times wider than the rest of the ducts (vs. copulatory ducts not significantly expanded). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.87, carapace 1.68 long, 1.40 wide; opisthosoma 1.24 long, 1.20 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.39, ALE 0.19, PME 0.05, PLE 0.20, AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.98, PME – PLE 0.22, ALE – PLE 0.45, AERW 1.20, PERW 1.14, EFL 0.84. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal teeth and 1 retromarginal fissident tooth with 2 cusps. Leg measurements: I 3.05 (1.12, 0.96, 0.55, 0.42), II 2.64 (0.98, 0.80, 0.49, 0.37), III 2.40 (0.90, 0.68, 0.48, 0.34), IV 3.02 (1.18, 0.80, 0.60, 0.44). Coloration (Fig. 49 A). Carapace strongly sclerotized, red-brown, with dense punctures, black ring around eyes, posterior edge serrated, cephalic part with a pair of yellowish belt-shaped marks. Fovea inconspicuous. Clypeus red-brown. Endites, labium and sternum red-brown. Legs with femur. patella and tibia red-brown, others segment white. Opisthosoma strongly sclerotized, almost triangular, red-brown without any pattern. Palp (Fig. 43). Femur almost twice as long as patella. Patella and tibia dark brown, slightly longer than wide. Retrolateral tibial apophysis bifurcate, ventral part roundly blunt, dorsal part spine shaped. Cymbium 2 times longer than wide, widest medially. Bulb with meandering sperm duct. Tegular lobe unobvious. Embolic disc obvious, embolus coiled almost 450 °. Female (paratype Ar 44848). Total length 3.02, carapace 1.52 long, 1.38 wide; opisthosoma 1.56 long, 1.50 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.36, ALE 0.20, PME 0.06, PLE 0.19, AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.82, PME – PLE 0.21, ALE – PLE 0.36, AERW 1.20, PERW 1.16, EFL 0.82. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal teeth and 1 retromarginal fissident tooth with 2 cusps. Leg measurements: I 2.57 (0.91, 0.85, 0.45, 0.36), II 2.27 (0.80, 0.72, 0.40, 0.35), III 2.20 (0.73, 0.68, 0.46, 0.33), IV 2.84 (1.06, 0.81, 0.61, 0.36). Coloration (Fig. 49 B). Similar to that of male except darker. Epigyne (Fig. 44). Epigynal plate almost 1.5 times wider than long, window absent. Septum elongated, triangular. Copulatory openings curved, longitudinal. The part of copulatory ducts near copulatory openings extremely expanded, almost 6 times as wide as remainder, accessory glands adjacent to copulatory openings. Spermathecae oblong. Bennett’s glands near fertilization ducts. Fertilization ducts originating from lateral anterior edge of spermathecae, extending almost transversely. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44847), Indonesia, West Papua Province, Arfak Mountains Regency, Menyambaouw, Minggre (- 1.0741 ° N, 133.9051 ° E), 28. VI. 2003, Danyang Zhou leg. Paratype. 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44848), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFB6FFD07D9FFC92C1DBFC52.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Onomastus nigricaudus Simon, 1900, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFB6FFD07D9FFC16C099F7E0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Zhu Wu, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species can be distinguished from all other congeners by the mesal branch of the tegular apophysis greatly extended and a large semicircular anterior outgrowth on the tegular apophysis, width about 1 / 3 of the bulb width in retrolateral view. Females of O. zhuwu Lin & Li, sp. nov. are similar to O. chenae Lin & Li, 2020 by having the same shaped epigyne. However, O. zhuwu Lin & Li, sp. nov. can be distinguished by the slit like copulatory openings located medially, longitudinal (vs. copulatory openings broad, located posteriorly, transverse). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.68, carapace 1.69 long, 1.18 wide; opisthosoma 2.15 long, 0.74 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.36, ALE 0.17, PME 0.13, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.05, PME – PME 0.48, PME – PLE 0.22, ALE – PLE 0.10, AERW 0.92, PERW 0.74, EFL 0.68. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 4.06 (1.65, 2.26, 1.40, 0.75), II 5.44 (1.60, 1.91, 1.33, 0.60), III 5.64 (1.53, 1.74, 1.76, 0.61), IV 7.23 (1.92, 2.20, 2.31, 0.80). Coloration (Fig. 49 C). Carapace white, black ring around PLEs and PMEs, cephalic part covered with golden setae. Clypeus white, covered with white setae. Chelicerae white with 5 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Endites, labium and sternum white. Legs white, base of tibia with black spot. Opisthosoma elongated oval, white. Palp (Fig. 45). Femur unmodified, almost 2 times longer than wide. Patella with subtriangular ventral apophysis, longer than wide. Tibia as long as wide, without apophyses. Cymbium 1.5 times longer than wide, covered with setae. Bulb approximately as long as wide. Sperm duct clearly visible, forming several loops. Conductor wide, with strongly serrated, spur on mesal branch of conductor straight. Tegular apophysis with 2 branches, anterior outgrowth semicircular, ventral outgrowth, tip blunt. Embolus filiform, long, looped. Female (one paratype Ar 44850). Total length 3.74, carapace 1.52 long, 1.03 wide; opisthosoma 0.74 long, 2.16 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.36, ALE 0.15, PME 0.12, PLE 0.05, AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.51, PME – PLE 0.20, ALE – PLE 0.07, AERW 0.89, PERW 0.72, EFL 0.63. Chelicerae with 5 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 4.57 (1.34, 1.81, 0.96, 0.46), II 4.15 (1.13, 1.58, 0.98, 0.46), III 4.60 (1.28, 1.46, 1.36, 0.50), IV 6.08 (1.75, 1.93, 1.84, 0.56). Coloration (Fig. 49 D). Similar to that of male. Epigyne (Fig. 46). Epigynal plate almost 1.5 times wider than long. Copulatory openings longitudinal. Copulatory ducts helicoid. Spermathecae almost oval. Fertilization duct directed at 1: 30 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44849), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 16. VII. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 7 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44850 – Ar 44856), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFB7FFD17D9FF945C1DDF924.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Synagelides agoriformis Strand, 1906, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFB7FFDA7D9FF8C8C099FE89.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Huang Xin, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species resembles S. gambosus Xie & Yin, 1990 and S. subgambosus Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 by having similar S-shaped retrolateral tibial apophysis and distinct prolateral cymbial apophysis but differs by the following characters: curved embolic tip longer than tegular apophysis (vs. embolic tip straight and almost as long as tegular apophysis) and in retrolateral view, tegular apophysis tip strongly curved (vs. almost straight). The female resembles S. angustus Li, Wang & Peng, 2021 and S. subgambosus by the similarly shaped epigynal septum and spermathecae, but differs by the copulatory duct coiled 180 ° (vs. straight). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.82, carapace 1.47 long, 1.01 wide; opisthosoma 1.36 long, 0.75 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.31, ALE 0.17, PME 0.20, PLE 0.05, AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.05, PME – PME 0.81, PME – PLE 0.28, ALE – PLE 0.24, AERW 0.99, PERW 0.87, EFL 0.86. Chelicerae with 1 promarginal tooth and 1 retromarginal fissident tooth with 2 cusps. Leg measurements: I 2.05 (0.95, 1.50, 0.33, 0.27), II 2.08 (0.66, 0.74, 0.42, 0.26), III 2.18 (0.66, 0.74, 0.42, 0.26), IV 2.90 (0.82, 1.02, 0.70, 0.36). Coloration (Fig. 49 E). Carapace red-brown, widest between coxae II and III, covered with white setae. Clypeus dark brown. Fovea subtriangular. Chelicerae yellow-brown. Endites yellow-brown. Sternum brown, covered with thin setae. Femur I red, other femora brown. Opisthosoma elongated oval, dorsum with 2 pairs of white dorso-lateral spots, covered with white setae on spots and laterally; venter black. Palp (Fig. 47). Femur modified, approximately 2 times longer than wide, with a ventral apophysis near edge, triangular, almost half the width of femur. Patella strongly swollen, 4 times longer than and as wide as tibia; tibia 2 times longer than wide. Retrolateral tibial apophysis S-shaped. Cymbium with well-developed retrolateral process. Tegular apophysis flattened, slightly broadened basally, with hook-shaped process at the anterior edge in retrolateral view. Embolus enlarged at base, almost 0.5 times wider than bulb. S-shaped in ventral view. Female (paratype Ar 44858). Total length 3.37, carapace 1.48 long, 1.04 wide; opisthosoma 1.02 long, 0.92 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.35, ALE 0.21, PME 0.22, PLE 0.06, AME – AME 0, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.77, PME – PLE 0.20, ALE – PLE 0.27, AERW 1.06, PERW 0.91, EFL 0.89. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal teeth and 1 retromarginal fissident tooth with 2 cusps. Leg measurements: I 2.69 (0.86, 1.32, 0.28, 0.23), II 1.97 (0.60, 0.69, 0.41, 0.27), III 2.17 (0.63, 0.71, 0.54, 0.29), IV 2.98 (0.82, 1.04, 0.75, 0.37). Coloration (Fig. 49 F). Similar to that of male. Epigyne (Fig. 48). Epigynal plate almost 1.3 times longer than wide, with pair of lateral arcuated rims. Median septum narrowed. Copulatory openings located medially. Copulatory ducts coiled, terminally with well-developed gland ducts which are longer than the fertilization ducts. Spermathecae elongated, extending transversely and touching each other prolaterally. Fertilization duct wide, directed at 1: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44857), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 26. VII. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 2 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44858, Ar 44859), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFBCFFDA7D9FFAA3C192FA02.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Themeropis severa L. Koch, 1875, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFBCFFD97D9FFA26C099FD41.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is the website name of the collector; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species resembles T. pinmini Cai & Zhong, 2021 by having an embolic apophysis and embolus with an outgrowth but differs by the slender, needle-shaped median retrolateral tibial apophysis (vs. stout, almost as long as wide, median retrolateral tibial apophysis with blunt tip). The female of the new species resembles T. folia Jäger & Praxaysombath, 2009 and T. pinmini in having a distinct median plate and similarly shaped internal duct system, but it can be distinguished from other species by the posterior of the median plate narrowed (vs. wide in T. folia and T. pinmini), the anterior part of the internal duct system touching and distinctly narrower than posterior part (vs. separated, median part narrower than the other parts in T. folia). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 8.09, carapace 4.32 long, 4.05 wide, opisthosoma 3.55 long, 2.91 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.26, ALE 0.23, PME 0.21, PLE 0.20, AME – AME 0.20, AME – ALE 0.18, PME – PME 0.37, PME – PLE 0.30, AME – PME 0.16, ALE – PLE 0.11. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 12.73 (3.58, 5.19, 2.94, 1.02), II 13.31 (3.99, 5.35, 3.03, 0.94), III 11.83 (3.66, 4.46, 2.73, 0.98), IV 12.05 (3.49, 4.09, 3.31, 1.16). Coloration (Fig. 53 A). Carapace deep yellowish brown, lateral margins dark. Fovea and radial furrows obvious. Labium and gnathocoxae reddish brown, both with distal parts brighter. Sternum deep reddish brown, covered by small setae. Legs yellowish brown with dark spots. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish brown covered by short, dark setae, venter yellowish brown covered by dense dark spots. Palp (Fig. 51). Femur almost 3 times longer than wide. Patella almost as long as tibia. Retrolateral tibial apophysis arising medially from tibia, with 3 apices: ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis tip hook-shaped, median retrolateral tibial apophysis needle shaped, dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis distinctly curved. Cymbium approximately 2 times longer than tibia in ventral view. Bulb oval, sperm duct distinctly curved in retrolateral view. Tegular apophysis spoon shaped, most conspicuous in ventral view. Conductor arising from tegulum in 12: 00 - o’clock-position. Embolus arising from tegulum at 8: 00 - o’clock-position, with embolic tip distinctly wider than embolic base outgrowth. Female (one paratype Ar 44861). Total length 11.68, carapace 5.33 long, 5.24 wide, opisthosoma 6.43 long, 5.30 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.29, ALE 0.22, PME 0.19, PLE 0.23, AME – AME 0.25, AME – ALE 0.28, PME – PME 0.48, PME – PLE 0.46, AME – PME 0.45, ALE – PLE 0.12. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 12.32 (3.81, 5.49, 2.20, 0.82), II 13.31 (4.35, 5.80, 2.40, 0.76), III 12.01 (4.08, 4.77, 2.22, 0.94), IV 13.09 (3.87, 4.85, 3.23, 1.14). Coloration (Fig. 53 B). Similar to that of male except darker. Epigyne (Fig. 52). Epigynal plate wider than long. Median plate about 1 / 2 of epigynal width medially, with 2 teeth posteriorly. Posterior margin with 2 hooks, each directed medially. Both sides of internal duct system separated. Fertilization ducts arising postero-laterally. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44860), China: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla Co., Mengyuan Vil., Mengyuan Xianjing, 7 IV 2022, Ming Yi leg. Paratypes. 3 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44861 – Ar 44863), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFBFFFD97D9FFCD0C1EAFC91.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Kirinua maguai Li & Lin, 2021, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFBFFFDE7D9FFC54C099F8FE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Zhengqi Zhang, who has helped us greatly with this research; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species differs from that of K. maguai Li & Lin, 2021 by the atrium being wider than long (vs. higher than wide) and the fertilization ducts almost straight basally (vs. strongly curved). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 0.73, carapace 0.17 long, 0.17 wide, opisthosoma 0.56 long, 0.45 wide. Leg measurements: I 0.88 (0.40, 0.40, 0.18, 0.26), II 1.10 (0.34, 0.35, 0.16, 0.25), III 0.51 (0.16, 0.15, 0.07, 0.13), IV 0.52 (0.20, 0.11, 0.08, 0.13). Coloration (Fig. 56). Carapace pale yellow, with irregular darker patches at thoracic area and margins, longer than wide, as long as high. Mouthparts pale brown. Clypeus slightly concave. Endites longer than wide. Labium wider than long, with shallow notch on anterior margin. Sternum light gray, slightly plump. Legs pale yellow. Opisthosoma pale, round in dorsal view and ovoid in lateral view, with sparse, long setae, posteriorly extended beyond spinnerets. Spinnerets light yellow. Epigyne (Fig. 55). Epigyne internal structures faintly visible via the translucent cuticle. Atrium wider than high. Vulva relatively complex. Copulatory ducts originate from posteromedial margin of spermathecae, curved outwards at sides of atrium, then extended dorsally. Spermathecae globose, near posterior margin, separated by about 3 diameters. Spermathecal ducts thinner than copulatory ducts, located dorso-posteriorly on copulatory ducts. Fertilization duct elongated, directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44864), China: Guangxi, Chongzuo City, Fusui Co., Dongmen Township, Ziyao Vil., Yinhe Cave (22.3293 ° N, 107.7921 ° E, elev. 154 m), 13 VII 2011, Xiaoxiao Wang leg. Paratype. 1 ♀ (IZCASAr 44865), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFB8FFDE7D9FF86FC166F7CD.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Tekellina archboldi Levi, 1957, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFBAFFDD7D9FFB5CC099F97B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Hao Siwen, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species resembles T. sadamotoi Yoshida & Ogata, 2016 (see Marusik & Omelko, 2017) but differs by the tip of the ventral arm of the conductor with 5 serrations and a fold (vs. absent). The female shares the same shape of the spermathecae with T. sadamotoi, but it can be distinguished by the distance of copulatory openings being wider than the distance between the retrolateral sides of spermathecae (vs. narrowed). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 0.84, carapace 0.37 long, 0.40 wide, opisthosoma 0.44 long, 0.59 wide. Leg measurements: I 1.47 (0.47, 0.51, 0.30, 0.19), II 1.50 (0.47, 0.55, 0.30, 0.18), III 1.04 (0.31, 0.33, 0.21, 0.19), IV 1.29 (0.40, 0.46, 0.26, 0.17). Coloration (Fig. 60 A). Carapace oval, pale yellow, eye region projecting anteriorly; clypeus concave. Eyes almost equal in size, yellowish brown ring around eyes. Leg white, with gray dense setae. Opisthosoma pale yellow, almost as long as wide, with white spots. Palp (Figs 57 A, 58 A). Patella almost 2 times longer than tibia. Cymbium circular, with complex paracymbium projecting and hooked. Bulb round. Retrolateral arm of conductor finger shaped, ventral arm of conductor slightly curved, tip with 5 serrations and fold. Embolus thin, long and largely coiled with thick base. Female (one paratype Ar 44867). Total length 1.22, carapace 0.39 long, 0.43 wide, opisthosoma 0.84 long, 0.89 wide. Leg measurements: I 1.59 (0.49, 0.59, 0.29, 0.22), II 1.65 (0.53, 0.62, 0.30, 0.20), III 1.16 (0.37, 0.35, 0.23, 0.21), IV 1.45 (0.46, 0.51, 0.27, 0.21). Coloration (Fig. 60 B). Similar to that of male except paler. Epigyne (Fig. 59 A). Epigynal plate almost as long as wide. Copulatory openings oval, distance between copulatory openings wider than distance between retrolateral sides of spermathecae. Copulatory ducts long, transparent, with 3 turns to the tip of spermathecae. Spermathecae oblong, almost 3 times longer than wide. Fertilization duct directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44866), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 26. VI. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 1 ♂ 3 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44867 – Ar 44870), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFBBFFA07D9FF93EC099FD2A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Huihang Cai who collected the type specimens; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The male of the new species can be distinguished from other congeners by the needle-shaped ventral arm of the conductor with a serrated tip. The female shares the same shape of the spermathecae with T. haosiwen Lin & Li, sp. nov., but can be distinguished by the copulatory ducts with 6 loops (vs. 3 loops). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 0.73, carapace 0.33 long, 0.37 wide, opisthosoma 0.41 long, 0.46 wide. Leg measurements: I 0.82 (0.26, 0.30, 0.16, 0.10), II 0.80 (0.25, 0.29, 0.15, 0.11), III 0.57 (0.17, 0.18, 0.11, 0.11), IV 0.57 (0.18, 0.17, 0.11, 0.11). Coloration (Fig. 60 C). Carapace oval, pale yellow, eye region projecting anteriorly; clypeus concave. Eyes almost equal in size, red-brown ring around eyes. Legs white, with dense gray setae. Opisthosoma pale yellow, almost as long as wide, with white spots and red pattern. Palp (Figs 57 B, 58 B). Patella almost 1.5 times longer than tibia. Cymbium circular, with paracymbium projecting and hooked. Bulb round. Retrolateral arm of conductor finger shaped, ventral arm of conductor needle shaped, tip with 3 serrations. Embolus thin, long and largely coiled with thick base. Female (one paratype Ar 44872). Total length 1.06, carapace 0.43 long, 0.41 wide, opisthosoma 0.71 long, 0.79 wide. Leg measurements: I 1.72 (0.56, 0.63, 0.33, 0.20), II 1.68 (0.52, 0.62, 0.31, 0.23), III 1.18 (0.37, 0.37, 0.24, 0.20), IV 1.47 (0.46, 0.50, 0.29, 0.22). Coloration (Fig. 60 D). Habitus similar to that of male except paler. Epigyne (Fig. 59 B). Epigynal plate almost as long as wide. Copulatory openings oval, distance between copulatory openings as wide as distance between spermathecae. Copulatory ducts long, transparent, with 6 loops around spermathecae. Spermathecae oblong, almost 3 times longer than wide. Fertilization duct directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44871), China: Zhejiang, Hangzhou City, Tonglu Co., Daqishan National Forest Park, XI. 2022, Huihang Cai leg. Paratypes. 4 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44872 – Ar 44875), same data as holotype except 9. XII. 2023. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC6FFA07D9FFA6FC132F9CE.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Chrosiothes silvaticus Simon, 1894 by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC6FFA17D9FF993C099FE4C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after Peng Qi, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The female of the new species can be distinguished from congeners by having a scape and the copulatory ducts shorter than the spermathecae (vs. scape absent and copulatory ducts longer than spermathecae. Description. Female (holotype). Total length 1.68, carapace 0.48 long, 0.86 wide, opisthosoma 1.23 long, 0.86 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.03, PME 0.04, PLE 0.03, AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.04, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae with 2 promarginal and 1 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 1.81 (0.43, 0.58, 0.46, 0.34), II 1.92 (0.54, 0.56, 0.49, 0.33), III 1.67 (0.48, 0.47, 0.40, 0.32), IV 2.10 (0.59, 0.64, 0.52, 0.35). Coloration (Fig. 72 A). Carapace dark brown, darker medially, without pattern. Chelicerae, labium dark brown. Sternum dark brown with white setae. Legs pale white, with dense setae. Opisthosoma conical, surface with sparse long setae on semiglobular bases. Epigyne (Fig. 61). Scape obvious. Copulatory openings inconspicuous. Copulatory ducts shorter than spermathecae. Spermathecae oblong. Fertilization duct directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44876), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 26. VI. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC7FFA17D9FF967C1F0F8C7.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Coscinida tibialis Simon, 1895, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC7FFA47D9FF8EAC099FC7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Han Tao, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. asiatica Zhu & Zhang, 1992 (see Yin, Peng & Bao, 2006) by the pincershaped tip of the conductor, the embolic basal apophysis strongly sclerotized and folded, and the filiform embolus. However, the new species can be distinguished from C. asiatica by the terminal apophysis with 2 outgrowths (vs. 1) and embolic basal extension finger shaped (vs. triangular). The female of the new species is similar to C. asiatica by the divided atrium. However, it can be distinguished by the length / width ratio of the atrium being almost 0.5 (vs. 1), the copulatory ducts wide, almost 1 / 2 as wide as the spermathecae (vs. copulatory ducts indistinct). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 1.44, carapace 0.65 long, 0.63 wide, opisthosoma 0.80 long, 0.53 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.04, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.01, AME – PME 0.02, ALE – PLE 0. Leg measurements: I 2.12 (0.51, 0.57, 1.01, 0.83), II 2.11 (0.62, 0.68, 0.37, 0.44), III 1.89 (0.55, 0.55, 0.36, 0.43), IV 2.96 (0.85, 1.00, 0.57, 0.54). Coloration (Fig. 72 B). Carapace yellow, edge black, eyes with black rings. Chelicerae yellow. Endites and labium yellow. Sternum paler yellow. Legs paler yellow, covered with sparse setae, more distinct on metatarsi and tarsi. Opisthosoma with 2 pale yellow spots anteriorly and posteriorly, 2 triangular pale yellow spots medially, pale yellow laterally. Spinnerets yellow. Palp (Fig. 62). Patella almost as long as tibia. Cymbium 1.5 times longer than wide. Subtegulum located lateroposteriorly on bulb, encasing 1 / 2 of tegulum. Sperm duct bent. Tegular apophysis indistinct. Terminal apophysis divided into 2 parts by a translucent membrane: anterior part slightly curved, sickle shaped, posterior almost quadrilateral. Conductor tip pincer shaped, located posterior to embolic basal apophysis. Embolic basal process with 2 parts: embolic basal apophysis black with sharp end and folds, embolic basal extension finger shaped. Embolus filiform, base almost 0.5 times width of bulb, originates at 4: 00 - o’clock-position of bulb. Female (one paratype Ar 44878). Total length 2.12, carapace 0.70 long, 0.63 wide, opisthosoma 1.49 long, 0.83 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.02, ALE 0.02, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.03, PME – PLE 0, AME – PME 0.03, ALE – PLE 0. Leg measurements: I 2.49 (0.71, 0.88, 0.45, 0.45), II 1.85 (0.51, 0.61, 0.32, 0.41), III 1.72 (0.47, 0.52, 0.31, 0.42), IV 2.65 (0.74, 0.93, 0.48, 0.50). Coloration (Fig. 72 C). Similar to that of male, except paler. Epigyne (Fig. 63). Epigynal plate almost as long as wide, hood indistinct. Copulatory openings situated posteriorly. Copulatory ducts short, almost 2.5 times longer than wide, slightly curved. Spermathecae kidney shaped, almost 2 times longer than wide. Fertilization ducts kidney shaped. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44877), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 20. VI. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44878, Ar 44879), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC2FFA47D9FFC3CC3B1F800.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Gushangzao shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov. Etymology. The genus is named after Gushangzao, nickname for one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; masculine in gender. Diagnosis. Gushangzao Lin & Li, gen. nov. can be distinguished by the subtegulum reduced, almost invisible in ventral view. Tegulum well-developed, almost covering entire cymbium. Sperm duct meandering intricately, visible throughout entire tegulum. Females can be easily recognized by the membranous spermathecae and the fertilization duct attached by a Y-shaped sclerotized structure. In its natural environment, this genus is a kleptoparasite, inhabiting the webs of other theridiid genera (Fig. 74). Description. Total length 1.67 – 2.13. Carapace oval, smooth, color gradually darkens dorsally. Fovea obvious, oval. Eight eyes, AER recurved and PER straight. Eyes subequal in size. Both promargin and retromargin of chelicerae with fissident tooth with 2 cusps. Female palp 1 claw, with 5 long denticles. Opisthosoma oval, black with white spots, covered with sparse black setae, with 3 or 4 pairs of outgrowths. Palp. Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Tibia 1.5 times longer than patella. Cymbium water drop shaped. Paracymbium absent. Bulb oval. Subtegulum reduced, almost invisible in ventral view. Tegulum large, almost as large as entire bulb. Sperm duct meandering intricately. Tegular apophysis tip expanded, with serration. Terminal apophysis with hood. Conductor tip needle shaped, slightly curved. Embolus curved, originating at approximately 10: 00 - o’clock-position, without outgrowth. Genitalia. Epigynal plate oval, with hood anteriorly. Copulatory openings situated centrally. Copulatory ducts connected to spermathecae posteriorly. Spermathecae membranous, almost 3 or 4 times longer than copulatory, tip expanded. Fertilization ducts attached by a Y-shaped sclerotized structure, directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Species included. Gushangzao goemon Lin & Li, sp. nov., G. pelorosus (Zhu, 1998) comb. nov., and G. shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov. Remarks. The absence of a second pair of spermathecae, as well as the weakly sclerotized spermathecae indicate that Gushangzao pelorosus (Zhu, 1998) comb. nov. was mistakenly placed in Dipoena Thorell, 1869, a member of Hadrotarsinae Thorell, 1881. However, generic placement in a subfamily is uncertain, so here we consider it as incertae sedis; further study is needed to clarify its taxonomy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC2FFA57D9FF824C021FD75.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Ishikawa Goemon, a legendary Japanese outlaw hero who stole gold and other valuables to give to the poor; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species can be distinguished by the sperm duct with a U-shaped loop prolaterally (vs. 2 U-shaped loops in G. pelorosus comb. nov. and an n-shaped loop in G. shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov.), and the conductor is about 1 / 3 the length of the bulb (vs. 1 / 6 in G. pelorosus and 1 / 4 in G. shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov.); the female can be distinguished by the curved copulatory ducts (vs. straight copulatory ducts, parallel to each other in G. pelorosus and strongly curved, S-shaped in G. shiqian Lin & Li, sp. nov.). Description. See Tanikawa (2017: 8), as Dipoena pelorosus. Types. Holotype ♂ (NSMT-Ar 14747), Japan, Okinawa, Iriomotejima Island, near mouth of Kura River, 31. XII. 2000. Paratypes. 2 ♀ (1 ♀: NSMT-Ar 14746), Japan, Okinawa, Iriomotejima Island, Sonai, 27. III. 1989; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Japan, Okinawa, Iriomotejima Island, Komi, 14. XI. 2004, A. Tanikawa leg. (Not examined). Distribution. Japan (Iriomotejima Island).	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC3FFA57D9FFD38C1F8FB36.taxon	description	Dipoena pelorosa: Yin et al., 2012: 322, figs 125 a – c (♀). Diagnosis. See diagnosis of the species Gushangzao goemon Lin & Li, sp. nov. Description. See Zhu (1998). Types. Holotype ♀ and paratypes 5 ♂ 4 ♀, China: Shaanxi, Baoji City, Mei Co., Taibai Mt, 12. VII. 1991 (MHBU, not examined). Material examined. 4 ♂ 4 ♀, China: Sichuan, Guangyuan City, Qingchuan Co., Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, Motianling (32.6315 ° N, 104.8403 ° E, elev. 1807 m), 2. X. 2019, Yejie Lin and Tongyao Jiang leg. Distribution. China (Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hunan). Comments. The membranous spermathecae and fertilization ducts attached by a Y-shaped sclerotized structure indicate that this species belongs to Gushangzao Lin & Li, gen. nov. Thus, we transfer it from Dipoena Thorell, 1869 to Gushangzao Lin & Li, gen. nov. and as a new combination. Habitat. Living on the web of Psechrus sp. (Psechridae Simon, 1890)	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFC3FFAA7D9FFAFBC673FE17.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Shi Qian, one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. See diagnosis of the species Gushangzao goemon Lin & Li, sp. nov. Description. Male (holotype). Total length 1.67, carapace 0.89 long, 0.85 wide, opisthosoma 0.76 long, 0.86 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.05, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.03, PME – PME 0.05, PME – PLE 0.01, AME – PME 0.04, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae with 1 promarginal fissident tooth and 1 retromarginal fissident tooth, both with 2 cusps. Leg measurements: I 5.30 (1.60, 1.69, 1.21, 0.80), II 3.89 (1.18, 1.20, 0.86, 0.65), III 3.18 (1.01, 0.99, 0.62, 0.56), IV 4.17 (1.22, 1.26, 0.88, 0.81). Coloration (Fig. 72 D). Carapace brown. Cervical and radial furrows distinct. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, black with white spots, covered with sparse black setae, with 3 or 4 pairs of outgrowths. Spinnerets gray. Palp (Fig. 64 B). Femur almost 4 times longer than patella. Tibia 1.5 times longer than patella. Cymbium and bulb oval. Tegular apophysis tip expanded, with serration. Terminal tegular apophysis with hood. Conductor tip needle shaped, slightly curved. Embolus curved, originating at approximately 10: 00 - o’clock-position, without outgrowth. Female (one paratype Ar 44881). Total length 1.86, carapace 0.71 long, 0.62 wide, opisthosoma 1.15 long, 0.95 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.04, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.04, PME – PLE 0.01, AME – PME 0.04, ALE – PLE 0. Leg measurements: I 3.49 (1.06, 1.05, 0.74, 0.64), II 2.73 (0.87, 0.83, 0.53, 0.50), III 2.31 (0.70, 0.67, 0.44, 0.50), IV 2.87 (0.90, 0.87, 0.53, 0.57). Coloration (Fig. 72 E). Similar to that of male, except paler. Genitalia (Fig. 66 B). Epigynal plate oval, with hood anteriorly. Copulatory openings situated centrally, obvious. Copulatory ducts S-shaped. Spermathecae membranous, almost 3 times longer than copulatory ducts, tip expanded. Fertilization ducts attached by Y-shaped sclerotized structure, directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44880), China: Xizang, Lhoka, Cona Co., Marmang, Lebugou, Yelang Valley (27.8682 ° N, 91.8110 ° E, elev. ca. 3118 m), 12. X. 2019, Yejie Lin leg. Paratypes. 2 ♂ 3 ♀ (IZCNS-Ar 44881 – Ar 44885), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Habitat. Living on the web of Pimoa cona Zhang & Li, 2020 (Zhang et al., 2020).	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFCCFFA87D9FF876C166F9EC.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Gyro zeppeli Lin & Li, sp. nov. Etymology. The specific name is an arbitrary combination of letters; masculine in gender. Diagnosis. Gyro Lin & Li, gen. nov. can be distinguished from other genera of Hadrotarsinae by the stout legs, opisthosoma with 2 pairs of conspicuous muscle sigillae, the epigynal plate with a triangular hood and secondary spermathecae more sclerotized than primary spermathecae. Description. Total length 0.64. Carapace oval, covered with sparse black setae, yellowish brown. Furrows inconspicuous. Fovea inconspicuous. AER strongly procurved, PER recurved in dorsal view. All eyes encircled with black. Eyes subequal in size. Cheliceral teeth absent. Opisthosoma oval, gray, covered with sparse black setae, venter with 2 pairs of muscle sigillae. Genitalia. Epigynal plate oval, with triangular hood anteriorly. Atrium oval, copulatory openings located laterally, situated medially. Primary spermathecae membranous, secondary spermathecae sclerotized. Fertilization ducts small. Male. Unknown. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Species included. Gyro zeppeli Lin & Li, sp. nov. Remarks. Based on the presence of two pairs of spermathecae, cheliceral promargin without teeth and carapace nearly as wide as long. This new genus should belong to Hadrotarsinae.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFCEFFAE7D9FF9B1C099FE71.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is an arbitrary combination of letters; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Same as for the genus. Description. Female (holotype). Total length 0.64, carapace 0.25 long, 0.22 wide, opisthosoma 0.58 long, 0.39 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.03, PME 0.03, PLE 0.03, AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0, PME – PME 0.03, PME – PLE 0, AME – PME 0.02, ALE – PLE 0. Female palp 1 claw, with 5 long denticles. Leg measurements: I 0.45 (0.14, 0.14, 0.06, 0.11), II 0.34 (0.10, 0.11, 0.04, 0.09), III 0.38 (0.10, 0.12, 0.06, 0.10), IV 0.47 (0.14, 0.16, 0.06, 0.11). Coloration (Fig. 72 F). Carapace yellowish brown. Cervical and radial furrows inconspicuous. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs stout, brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, gray, covered with sparse black setae, venter with 2 pairs of muscle sigillae. Genitalia. (Fig. 67). Epigynal plate oval, with triangular hood anteriorly. Copulatory openings situated medially. Copulatory ducts short. Secondary spermathecae located anteriorly, oval. Primary spermathecae membranous, as wide as secondary spermathecae, secondary spermathecae sclerotized. Fertilization duct small, directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from secondary spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44886), China: Yunnan: Xishuangbanna, Mengla Co., Menglun Township, XTBG, Leprosy Vil. (21.8932 ° N, 101.2883 ° E, elev. ca 550 m), 20. IX. 2017, Yanfeng Tong leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFCAFFAC7D9FFF3EC119FEFF.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Aranea picta Walckenaer, 1802, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFCAFFB37D9FFEA2C020FB0D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This new species is named after Prof. Zhangfu Chen in honor of his contribution to the taxonomy of spiders in Zhejiang Province; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to T. undatum Zhu, 1998 by the horn-shaped tegular apophysis and spoon-shaped conductor. However, the new species can be distinguished from T. undatum by the extremely large embolic base, and the ratio of the width of the embolic base to the width of the bulb is almost 1.5 (vs. 0.5). Females can be distinguished from other congeners by the presence of a finger-shaped scape (vs. absent). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.66, carapace 1.11 long, 0.95 wide, opisthosoma 1.53 long, 1.32 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.04, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.03, PME – PLE 0.03, AME – PME 0.01, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae with 1 promarginal tooth. Leg measurements: I 6.41 (1.87, 2.02, 1.85, 0.67), II 5.10 (1.52, 1.61, 1.35, 0.62), III 3.92 (1.22, 1.18, 1.02, 0.50), IV 4.04 (1.64, 1.79, 1.55, 0.54). Coloration (Fig. 73 A). Carapace yellow, edge black, eyes with black rings. Chelicerae yellow. Endites and labium pale yellow. Sternum paler yellow. Legs paler yellow, covered with sparse setae. Opisthosoma oval, pale yellow with black pattern. Spinnerets yellow. Palp (Fig. 68). Patella almost as long as tibia. Cymbium almost 2 times longer than wide. Cymbium covered with sparse setae. Tegular apophysis horn shaped Terminal apophysis tip expanded, strongly sclerotized. Conductor spoon shaped, membranous. Embolic base expanded. Embolus originates at 1: 30 - o’clock-position, filiform. Female (paratype Ar 44888). Total length 3.67, carapace 1.29 long, 1.17 wide, opisthosoma 2.23 long, 2.06 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.03, PME – PME 0.04, PME – PLE 0.06, AME – PME 0.05, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae as in male. Leg measurements: I 7.21 (2.11, 2.36, 2.03, 0.71), II 5.76 (1.74, 1.83, 1.55, 0.64), III 4.81 (1.54, 1.44, 1.33, 0.50), IV 5.07 (1.63, 1.59, 1.32, 0.53). Coloration (Fig. 73 B). Similar to that of male, except darker. Epigyne (Fig. 69). Epigynal plate almost as long as wide, anterior part with hood, posteriorly with finger-shaped scape. Copulatory openings situated on posterior part of atrium. Copulatory ducts meandering, with 7 loops, tip strongly sclerotized. Spermathecae almost globular, unseparated. Fertilization duct directed at 1: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44887), China: Zhejiang, Hangzhou City, Gongshu Distr., Banshan National Forest Park (30.3615 ° N, 120.1968 ° E), 2. XII. 2023, Jiang Chang and Zixian Fang leg. Paratypes. 1 ♂ 3 ♀ (IZCASAr 44888 – Ar 44891), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Habitat. Living in bamboo (Figs 75 A – B).	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFD5FFB37D9FF805C6E2F7E4.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Dipoena castrata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 from Japan, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFD6FFB77D9FFF3EC099FE4C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Xuan Zan, a character in the classic Chinese novel Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The male of the new species is similar to Y. mutilata (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (see Yoshida, 2002) by the needle-shaped embolus and the same shaped sperm duct. However, the new species can be distinguished from Y. mutilata by the conductor directed dorsally in ventral view (vs. directed retrolaterally in ventral view). The female of the new species is similar to Y. castrata (see Yoshida, 2002) by the oval atrium. However, it can be distinguished by the primary and secondary spermathecae being equal in size (vs. primary spermathecae about twice as large as secondary spermathecae). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 1.37, carapace 0.54 long, 0.46 wide, opisthosoma 0.78 long, 0.69 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.03, PME 0.03, PLE 0.03, AME – AME 0.05, AME – ALE 0.03, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.03, AME – PME 0.04, ALE – PLE 0. Leg measurements: I 1.79 (0.52, 0.59, 0.40, 0.28), II 1.42 (0.42, 0.44, 0.32, 0.24), III 1.15 (0.35, 0.34, 0.25, 0.21), IV 1.62 (0.48, 0.55, 0.34, 0.25). Coloration (Fig. 73 C). Carapace black-brown, edge black, eyes with black rings. Chelicerae black-brown. Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs pale yellow, covered with dense setae. Opisthosoma gray-brown, with dense setae. Spinnerets yellowish brown. Palp (Fig. 70). Patella almost as long as tibia. Cymbium almost 1.3 times longer than wide. Sperm duct with 3 loops. Tegular apophysis triangular. Conductor tip triangular. Embolic base expanded, terminal of embolus needle shaped. Female (paratype Ar 44893). Total length 2.36, carapace 0.70 long, 0.56 wide, opisthosoma 1.60 long, 1.23 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.03, PME 0.04, PLE 0.03, AME – AME 0.05, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.01, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.04, ALE – PLE 0. Leg measurements: I 1.95 (0.59, 0.63, 0.43, 0.30), II 1.58 (0.48, 0.49, 0.35, 0.26), III 1.38 (0.36, 0.43, 0.32, 0.27), IV 1.92 (0.58, 0.62, 0.45, 0.27). Coloration (Fig. 73 D). Similar to that of male. Epigyne (Fig. 71). Epigynal plate oval. Atrium oval, copulatory openings inconspicuous, situated anteriorly. Copulatory and fertilization ducts connected to secondary spermathecae anteriorly, straight. Primary spermathecae membranous, as wide as secondary spermathecae, secondary spermathecae more sclerotized. Fertilization ducts directed at 12: 00 - o’clock-position from secondary spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44892), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 16. VI. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratypes. 5 ♂ 8 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44893 – Ar 44903), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFD1FFB77D9FFDDDC609FD9C.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Coddingtonia euryopoides Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFD1FFBA7D9FFD41C099FDFF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Yufeng Chen (Beijing, China), who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The female of the new species is similar to C. erhuan Feng & Lin, 2019 by the copulatory ducts coiling fewer than 4 times around the spermathecae. However, it can be distinguished by the copulatory ducts being wavy (vs. no obvious modifications). Description. Female (holotype). Total length 1.56, carapace 0.55 long, 0.57 wide, opisthosoma 1.06 long, 0.79 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.04, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.03, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 2.12 (0.66, 0.70, 0.41, 0.35), II 1.86 (0.55, 0.64, 0.36, 0.31), III 1.39 (0.38, 0.46, 0.28, 0.27), IV 1.73 (0.51, 0.63, 0.32, 0.27). Coloration (Fig. 80 A). Carapace pear shaped, dark brown, darker medially, edge black, without pattern. Chelicerae, labium dark brown. Sternum tan. Legs dark brown, with dense setae. Opisthosoma conical, dark brown, surface with sparse long setae, venter darker than dorsum. Epigyne (Fig. 76). Epigynal plate nearly rectangular. Spermathecae barely visible through integument. Lateral wings of spermathecae kidney shaped. Copulatory ducts wavy, forming a semicircle ventrolaterally on wings, followed by 3 complete loops around the spermathecae. Spermathecae globose, almost adjacent. Fertilization duct directed at 10: 30 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44904), Vietnam: Hai Phong, Cat Ba National Park, Natural Forest, Sieving, 16. VII. 2008, Dinh-Sac Pham leg. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFDCFFBA7D9FF9C0C6CEF9A2.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Sennin tanikawai Suzuki, Hiramatsu & Tatsuta, 2022, by original designation.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFDCFFB87D9FF944C099FCCF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Ms. Xin Zhang (Beijing, China), who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. The male of the new species can be distinguished from S. tanikawai by having the cymbial apophysis shorter than the cymbial lamella (vs. longer) and the embolic apophysis lacking coils (vs. coils present). Females can be distinguished by the long, narrowed scape and the oval spermathecae (vs. triangular scape). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 1.53, carapace 0.61 long, 0.75 wide, opisthosoma 0.98 long, 0.97 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.04, PME 0.05, PLE 0.04, AME – AME 0, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.02, AME – PME 0.02, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae with 5 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 3.01 (0.95, 0.98, 0.72, 0.36), II 2.66 (0.83, 0.88, 0.60, 0.35), III 1.86 (0.59, 0.57, 0.43, 0.27), IV 2.12 (0.68, 0.70, 0.47, 0.27). Coloration (Fig. 80 A). Carapace yellowish brown, darker anteriorly, edge black. Chelicerae, labium brown. Sternum yellowish brown. Legs yellowish brown, with dense setae. Tibiae of legs I and II expanded. Opisthosoma oval, gray, surface with sparse, long setae, venter darker than dorsum. Palp (Figs 77 – 78). Patella and tibia with strong retrolateral macroseta. Cymbial apophysis almost as long as cymbial lamella, both triangular. Paracymbium needle shaped Bulb oval. Tegular apophysis serrated, oval, with 2 parts: anterior part blunt, triangular, posterior part with needle-shaped outgrowth. Embolus covered with semitransparent conductor, with 2 slender, curved apophyses and 4 lamellar apophyses. Female (paratype Ar 44906). Total length 2.44, carapace 0.82 long, 0.84 wide, opisthosoma 1.62 long, 1.37 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.06, PME 0.06, PLE 0.06, AME – AME 0, AME – ALE 0.03, PME – PME 0.03, PME – PLE 0.03, AME – PME 0.03, ALE – PLE 0. Chelicerae with 5 promarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 3.44 (1.14, 1.09, 0.75, 0.46), II 2.98 (0.92, 1.02, 0.65, 0.39), III 2.01 (0.62, 0.61, 0.47, 0.31), IV 2.46 (0.84, 0.84, 0.52, 0.26). Coloration (Fig. 80 B). Similar to that of male. Epigyne (Fig. 79). Epigynal plate sclerotized, nearly triangular, almost 1.3 times longer than wide. Scape triangular, 2 times longer than wide. Spermathecae barely visible through integument. Copulatory ducts meandering. Spermathecae oval, separated by about their diameter. Fertilization duct directed at 9: 00 - o’clock-position from spermatheca. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44905), Vietnam: Hai Phong, Cat Ba National Park, Natural Forest, Sieving, 16. VII. 2008, Dinh-Sac Pham leg. Paratypes. 1 ♂ 15 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44906 – Ar 44921), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFDEFFB87D9FFC5EC106FC1E.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Mallinella maculata Strand, 1906, by monotypy.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFDFFFBE7D9FFF3EC34EFBB6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Shengbo Zhou (Shenyang, China), who has helped us greatly with this research; noun (name) in genitive case. Diagnosis. Mallinella zhoushengboi Lin & Li, sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other Chinese species by the curved, hook-shaped tip of the tegular apophysis and the epigynal atrium posterior edge with a scape. Description. Male (holotype). Total length 5.54, carapace 2.47 long, 1.96 wide, opisthosoma 2.98 long, 2.11 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.17, PME 0.16, PLE 0.17, AME – AME 0.05, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.10, PME – PLE 0.21, AME – PME 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.05. Leg measurements: I 7.38 (1.97, 2.22, 1.80, 1.39), II 7.07 (1.84, 2.14, 1.76, 1.33), III 6.64 (1.46, 1.91, 2.04, 1.23), IV 9.19 (2.05, 2.61, 2.87, 1.66). Coloration (Fig. 83 A). Entire prosoma, including legs, reddish brown. Dorsum of opisthosoma sepia. Opisthosoma oval, dark brown, dorsum with 3 pairs of pale oblong spots, anterior one largest, followed by hourglass-shaped spots. Spinnerets yellow-brown. Palp (Fig. 81). Femur three times longer than wide. Retrolateral tibial apophysis digitiform, tip blunt. Tegular apophysis rostrated; mesal ridge tip blunt; baso-prolateral tooth triangular; with broad base. Embolus relatively broad, bifurcated subterminally, mesal ramus longer than lateral ramus. Female (one paratype Ar 44923). Total length 6.80, carapace 3.55 long, 2.48 wide, opisthosoma 3.56 long, 2.60 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.18, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.22, AME – AME 0.07, AME – ALE 0.09, PME – PME 0.08, PME – PLE 0.24, AME – PME 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.03. Leg measurements: I 6.48 (1.87, 2.04, 1.33, 1.24), II 5.98 (1.63, 1.87, 1.28, 1.20), III 6.11 (1.45, 1.85, 1.65, 1.16), IV 7.75 (1.74, 2.29, 2.33, 1.39). Coloration (Fig. 83). Similar to that of male except 4 pairs of spots and white spots posteriorly, without scutum. Epigyne (Fig. 81). Atrium broad, anterior edge slightly curved and posterior edge with scape. Lateral border of epigynal plate tip blunt. Spermathecae enlarged, rounded apically, separated by about their diameter Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 44922), China: Chongqing, Chengkou Co., 20. VIII. 2023, Yuyang Zhou leg. Paratype 1 ♀ (IZCAS-Ar 44923), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Funding This research was funded by the Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China (2023 FY 100200).	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
81114138FFDFFFBE7D9FFF3EC34EFBB6.taxon	description	Acknowledgements The manuscript benifitted greatly from comments by Yuri M. Marusik (Magadan, Russia), Alireza Zamani (Turku, Finland) and Quanyu Ji (Hebei, China). Theo Blick (WSC) checked etymology. Sarah Crews checked the English of the final version. Can Zhang (Yunnan), Danyang Zhou (Zhejiang), Fan Gao (Jiangsu), Fengyuan Li (Beijing), Guo Zheng (Liaoning), Haolin Mo (Guangxi), Huihang Cai (Zhejiang), Jiang Chang (Zhejiang), Jie Liu (Hubei), Jincheng Liu (Beijing), Linghui Lin, Qi Cao, Qianle Lu (Guangdong), Shanmi Zheng (Sichuan), Tongyao Jiang (Beijing), Xiaoxiao Wang, Xin Xie (Guangdong), Yafei Wang, Yanfeng Tong (Liaoning), Yiduo Wang (Guangdong), Yucheng Lin (Sichuan), Yuyang Zhou (Chongqing), Zhe Zhao (Beijing), Zhigang Chen (Yunnan), Zhiyuan Yao (Liaoning) and Zixian Fang (Zhejiang) from China and Dinh-Sac Pham (Hanoi, Vietnam) helped with field work. Lan Yang (Beijing) helped with measurements. Danyang Zhou (Zhejiang, China), Fan Gao (Jiangsu), Haolin Mo (Guangxi), Jiang Chang (Zhejiang), Li He (Sichuan), Qianle Lu (Guangdong), Xin Xie (Guangdong), Yanbin Yao (Fujian) and Zehao Ma (Yunnan) from China took the photographs.	en	Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang, Mo, Haolin, Wang, Xihao (2024): Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4-98, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024101, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/be4c04f9-10f9-351c-8fd7-9c0289bee230/
