identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D5C92A25F65D5116B1B13813B178B06F.text	D5C92A25F65D5116B1B13813B178B06F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nipponomyia Alexander 1924	<div><p>Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 Figs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Tricyphona kuwanai Alexander, 1913 by original designation in Alexander (1924): pages 158-159.</p><p>Descriptive notes on Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 based on Japanese species.</p><p>General coloration yellow to black, with or without conspicuous marking on thorax. Markings of body not differing significantly between sexes.</p><p>Head: Rostrum short. Eye appearing bare; however, a few small setae present between ommatidia, near to border of compound eye (Fig. 2A, B). Eyes widely separated. Antenna short in both sexes, only little longer than head. Scape 1.2-1.4 × longer and wider than pedicel. Pedicel 1.8-2.2 × wider than first flagellomere. Flagellum 11-13-segmented, evenly narrow toward apical segment. Flagellomeres oval to cylindrical, first 9 or 10 flagellomeres with 1 or 2 long, erected verticils dorsally (Fig. 2C, D). Last 3 or 4 flagellar segments with 3 or 4 verticils arranged irregularly. Last flagellar segment with 3 or 4 dark apical verticils, slightly curved upward, differing in shape to other verticils. Ventral part of flagellomeres densely covered with whitish sensilla, shorter than diameter of basal segment (Fig. 2E). Additional microtrichia on flagellomere (Fig. 2E). Palpi 5-segmented, length varying among species.</p><p>Thorax: Elongated in dorso-ventral direction (Fig. 3A, C). Cervical sclerite elongated fusiform. Pronotum well developed, medial part of antepronotum with hump and long setae; antepronotal lobe well developed, dorsal part slipping under medial part of antepronotum; postpronotum relative narrow. Prescutum with anterior part rounded, greatly protruding anteriorly, above to the pronotum in lateral view. Scutum usually with conspicuous spots. Presutural area of scutum without longitudinal suture, just with solid line of some long hairs (Fig. 3D); area under line of hairs before transverse suture bare in SEM photo ( N. trispinosa) (Fig. 3D); not evident under stereomicroscopes. Transverse suture deep, V-shaped, generally with dark patch in middle. Mediotergite elongated, dorsal margin almost straight in lateral view (Fig. 3A, C). Episternum, epimeron, and laterotergite each virtually not divided. Pit between episternum and epimeron deep (Fig. 3C). Meron relatively small, narrow in middle, forming two triangular parts, ventral one bigger. Metepisternum angular, additional divisions indistinct.</p><p>Legs: Longer in male than in female. Fore coxa elongated, extending ventrally beyond episternum. Tibia longest segment in both sexes. Male fore tarsomere 1 as long as fore femur or slightly longer. Tibial spur formula: 1, 2, 2, spurs just half length of width of tibia. Tarsomeres with 2 spurs. Male tarsomere 5 shorter than tarsomere 4. Female tarsomere 5 longer than tarsomere 4. Tarsal claw simple, without teeth, covered with small hairs on base, arolium present (Fig. 3E). Average relative lengths of each segment (in percentage %) to the total length of corresponding leg (100%) listed in Table 1 for both sexes.</p><p>Wing: General wing venation as in Fig. 4A. Longitudinal veins with setae; crossveins bare. Sc long, ending beyond fork of Rs. Crossvein sc-r before origin of Rs and before or on same level as A2. Usually Rs forking into R2+3+4 and R5 (Fig. 4A-D, F) or rarely into R2+3 and R4+5 (Fig. 4E, G); highly variable within species. Crossvein r-m before fork of Rs, except in N. khasiana Alexander, 1936. R1 and R3 approaching each other at position of R2. Cell r4 wider at middle. Usually cell d closed, longer than cell m2. Direction of crossvein m-m variable, usually almost perpendicular (Fig. 4A-E, G) or oblique (Fig. 4F). Anterior margin of wing with yellow band, bordered with different sized and shaped brown-black patches. Additional transverse markings (dashes, dots) in costal cell present in some species (Fig. 4B-E). Additional brown markings along veins, from fork of Rs to m-m and to m-cu (Fig. 4F, G).</p><p>Abdomen: Covered with relative long and dense hairs. Membranous area of second sternite well developed, shaped as in Fig. 3A, B. Usually tergites and sternites each with longitudinal dark line on lateral side (Figs 8B, 10B, 14B, 15B, 18B) and/or with spots and transverse lines (non-Japanese species).</p><p>Male terminalia: Relatively simple. Tergite 9 (epandrium) and sternite 9 (hypandrium) fused; border indistinct, forming wide ring, bulging in ventral side (Figs 5E, F, 11E, F, 16E, F, 19E, F). Tergite 9 simple without any lateral projections/arms. Gonocoxite well developed, stout, membranous on inner side. Basal lobe on ventral side of gonocoxite variable in size among species. Apical lobe of gonocoxite (sometimes referred to as outer gonostylus) partly separated from gonocoxite, elongated and directed dorso-ventrally, covered with short dark spines (Fig. 5A, B, G, H). Interbase long, well developed, fused with gonocoxite (Fig. 5G, H), with a few pale setae on ventral side. Gonostylus with two parts (Fig. 5B); inner (anterior) part of gonostylus always elongated, directed inwards; outer (posterior) part of gonostylus always shorter, wide (Figs 5G, H, 11G, H) or slender (Figs 16G, H, 19G, H) bearing 2-14 black spines. Aedeagus complex simple in shape as in most species of Pediciidae; difference among species more distinct in lateral view (Figs 5I, J, 11I, J, 16I, J, 19I, J). Aedeagus complex fused with sternite 9; relatively hard to separate from it; fused part referred in this article as aedeagal guide. Shape and length of aedeagus variable among species.</p><p>Female terminalia, ovipositor: Elongated, tergites 8-10 fused (Fig. 6A, B). Pair of small pits situated between tergites 8 and 9. Tergite 8 at least twice as wide as tergite 9 in lateral view. Cercus longer than combined length of tergites 8-10. Cercus almost straight (Fig. 12C, E) or curving dorsally (Figs 6B, 12A). Hypogynal valve dorsally with 5-7 strong setae pointing caudally, terminal seta well separated from penultimate one and situated laterally to anterior setae (Fig. 6B, C). Genital fork well-developed, spoon-like or cruciform. Pair of membranous invaginations ("interbase sheath") present on ventral side of genital fork, holding interbases during copulation (Fig. 7B). Sternite 9/genital plate with two sclerites lateral of genital fork, variable in shape and development among species and even within species (Figs 7A, B, 12B, D, F). Pair of sclerotized (darker) area between genital fork and genital opening present in some species. Area around genital opening sclerotized, T- or Y-shaped; Three small, light brown spermathecae closely situated to genital opening (Figs 6D, 7C). Sternite 10 rounded apically, with 5-10 longer hairs (Figs 6D, 7B, 12B, D, F).</p><p>Larva: Unknown.</p><p>Pupa: Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Eastern Palearctic and Oriental (Fig. 1).</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Adults swarm in the air close to the ground or above the vegetation, in shadow and windless conditions. They rest on ventral surfaces of substrates like leaves, spreading their wings horizontally, even during copulation. Nipponomyia kuwanai and N. trispinosa males walk fast on the vegetation and fly short distances to find females. Nipponomyia kuwanai females were observed ovipositing in muddy, wet soil, near mosses on a mountain lakeshore. A N. trispinosa female was observed searching for oviposition sites around wet soil, rich of organic matter next to a waterfall, but the oviposition has not yet been observed. Sometimes N. kuwanai, N. trispinosa, and N. pentacantha inhabit the same habitat.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D5C92A25F65D5116B1B13813B178B06F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter;Kato, Daichi;Gamboa, Maribet;Watanabe, Kozo	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, Kato, Daichi, Gamboa, Maribet, Watanabe, Kozo (2020): Revision of Japanese species of Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 (Diptera, Pediciidae). ZooKeys 1000: 71-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021
ADCBFAB26FCD570D97A6E3C442AC858C.text	ADCBFAB26FCD570D97A6E3C442AC858C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nipponomyia kuwanai (Alexander 1913)	<div><p>Nipponomyia kuwanai (Alexander, 1913) Figs 4B, C, 10, 11, 12A, B</p><p>Tricyphona kuwanai: Alexander 1913: 201, 318-319, plate III, fig. 6, wing; Alexander 1920: 14-15 - male description; Alexander 1923: 479 - comparison; Alexander 1924: 158-159 - genotype of genus.</p><p>Nipponomyia kuwanai: Alexander 1927b: 49, figs 14, 15 - wing, variation, comparison; Alexander 1935: 551-552 - identification key; Esaki 1950: 1521, fig. 4363; Ishida 1958: 39 - distribution; Alexander 1958: 292-295 - identification key to Japanese species, comparison, faunistic records, Plate 3, fig. 16 male terminalia; Nakamura 2014: 4 - distribution, Japanese name; Kato and Suzuki 2017: 8 - faunistic records.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype female: Japan, Tokyo; 7 May 1912; S.I. Kuwana leg. Type specimens deposited in National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA; not examined.</p><p>Allotype male: Japan, Tokyo, Meguro; 15 Apr. 1919; R. Takahashi leg. Type specimens deposited in National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA; not examined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Non-types: Japan: [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.43883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.519165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.43883/lat 40.519165)">Honshu</a>] • 1♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.43883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.519165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.43883/lat 40.519165)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.43883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.519165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.43883/lat 40.519165)">Hirosaki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.43883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.519165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.43883/lat 40.519165)">Ichinowatari-washinosu</a>; alt. 205 m; 40°31.15'N, 140°26.33'E; 17 Jun. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Aomori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">Nishimeya</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">Shirakami Nature</a> <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">observation garden, Kawaratai</a>; alt. 255 m; 40°31.13'N, 140°12.89'E; 21 Jun. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Hirosaki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Inekari River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Koguriyama</a>; alt. 170 m; 40°32.19'N, 140°29.22'E; 26 Jun. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; same data as previous except 25 Jul. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 3♂, 2♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Towada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Sakura Spa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Okuse</a>; alt. 854 m; 40°37.64'N, 140°54.59'E; 5 Aug. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂, 1♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Towada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Tsutanuma Path</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Okuse</a>; alt. 468 m; 40°35.45'N, 140°57.42'E; 10 Jun. 2014; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; same data as previous except 21 Jun. 2014; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU). [ Hokkaido]: • 5♂, 1♀ (♂ GenBank # MT874511); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.80234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.652332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.80234/lat 43.652332)">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.80234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.652332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.80234/lat 43.652332)">Higashikawa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.80234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.652332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.80234/lat 43.652332)">Asahidake</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.80234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.652332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.80234/lat 43.652332)">River Yukomabetsu</a>; alt. 1120 m; 43°39.14'N, 142°48.14'E; 23 Jul. 2019; L.-P. Kolcsár leg. (pinned or in ethanol, CKLP) • 2♀; Hokkaido, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.6095&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.952168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.6095/lat 41.952168)">Murayama</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.6095&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.952168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.6095/lat 41.952168)">Kijihiki Highland</a>, muddy area; alt. 565 m; 41°57.13'N, 140°36.57'E; 30 Jul. 2019; L.-P. Kolcsár leg. (pinned or in ethanol, CKLP).</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Yellowish species with 11-13 dark spots on thorax (7 dark spots in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov., 11 dark spots in N. pentacantha). Wing with transverse dark lines in costal cell. Brown marking extending from base of R2+3 to base of M1, often not reaching M1 (brown marking extending from R2+3 to base of M1 in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. and to m-m in N. pentacantha). Second sternite with black marking at corner of membranous area (without this marking in N. pentacantha and N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.), and without other line (a diffuse line positioned same level as line on sternite 3 in N. pentacantha). Gonostylus with 11-14 spines (4 or 5 spines in N. pentacantha). Aedeagus short, as long as wide in lateral view, tip rounded (twice as long as wide in N. pentacantha). Cercus curved upward (straight in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.). Genital opening Y-shaped (T-shaped in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.), lateral sclerite less than 1/5 of length of genital fork (1/3 of length of genital fork in N. pentacantha and less than 1/6-1/7 of length of genital fork in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.), genital fork spoon-shaped (cross-shaped in N. pentacantha and N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.).</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Body length: male 9.5-11 mm, female: 12-14 mm.</p><p>Wing length: male 9-12 mm, female 9.5-11.5 mm.</p><p>Head: Brown with grayish pruinosity (Fig. 10B), reddish in some dry specimens, grayish pruinosity not visible in specimens stored in ethanol. Palpi brown, 5-segmented, segments 2-4 subequal in length, last segment elongated, ca. 1.5 × longer than palpomere 4 in male, maximum at most 1.3-1.4 × longer in female, measurable clearly only in specimens stored in ethanol. Tip of palpomere 5 darker than other part of palpus. Antenna short, just a little longer than head. Antenna yellow to brown, gradually lightening to apical end. Scape darker than pedicel, often color difference very contrasting. Flagellum 13-segmented, flagellomeres gradually narrowing to apical end.</p><p>Thorax: General coloration yellow for specimens in alcohol, dark yellow, with reddish shade in dry specimens, dorsal parts light brown (Fig. 10). Decayed specimens more reddish; 4 spots on presutural area of scutum, lateral spots on presutural area very variable in size, and almost lacking in specimens collected in Ishikari Mountains (Asahidake, Hokkaido) and 7 or 9 spots on postsutural area of scutum. Pair of diffused spots in middle on postsutural area of scutum variable in size and shape, sometimes spots divided, forming 4 diffuse spots as in Fig. 10C.</p><p>Legs: General coloration yellow, covered with yellowish setae. Femora without apical darkened area, apical part of tibia slightly brownish, with darker setae. Apical ends of tarsomeres 1-3 each with narrow brown to dark brown ring, tarsomeres 4 and 5 light brown to brown (Fig. 10A). Tarsomeres each with two spurs, small but relatively easy to recognize for their darker coloration than setae.</p><p>Wing: As in Fig. 4B, C. Wing with transverse dark lines in costal cell. Dark band from R2+3 not extending to crossvein m-m, shorter in specimens from Honshu (Aomori prefecture) (Fig. 4B) than those from Hokkaido (Fig. 4C). Cell d closed in specimens collected by us (crossvein m-m present), open in type specimens.</p><p>Abdomen: Abdomen covered with relatively long pale setae, dorsal setae darker than ventral ones. Tergites 2-6 (male) and 2-7 (female) each with a longitudinal narrow black line on lateral side, its length 1/2 of tergite in male (Fig. 10A, B) and 1/2-1 in female. Sternite 2 with short black line at corner of membranous area. Sternites 3-5, sometimes also sternite 6 with a brown line, a little wider than line on tergite (Fig. 10A, B). Sometimes line on sternite 6 less distinct or absent. Tergite and sternites 7 and 8 dark yellow to brown, darker than previous segments.</p><p>Male terminalia: Dark yellow to brown (Fig. 10A). Tergite 9 with median projection almost straight at posterior margin (Fig. 11A, B). Gonocoxite without apical lobe 1.6-1.7 × longer than wide (at middle), and 1.7-1.8 × longer than tergite 9 in lateral view (Fig. 11E, F). Apical lobe of gonocoxite slightly separated from gonocoxite, more prominent in inner lateral view, as long as 2/3 of width of gonocoxite in lateral view (Fig. 11G, H). Gonostylus with 11-14 black spines, but generally with 12. Interbase dilated apically, with two pointed parts; interbase with apical part twice as wide as basal part in dorsal view (Fig. 11A, B). In inner lateral view interbase variable in shape in different angle, tip pointed and directing posterodorsally (Fig. 11G, H). Aedeagus short, as long as wide in lateral view, tip rounded (Fig. 11I, J).</p><p>Female terminalia, ovipositor: General coloration dark yellow. Cercus curved upward (Fig. 12A). Genital fork spoon-shaped, wider in posterior 1/4 of its length (Fig. 12B). Lateral sclerite of genital plate, very small and narrow, less than 1/5 of length of genital fork. Genital opening Y-shaped. No chitinized area between genital fork and genital opening (Fig. 12B).</p><p>Larva: Unknown.</p><p>Pupa: Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Japan: Honshu (Nakamura 2014; Oosterbroek 2020), first records from Hokkaido (Fig. 13).</p><p>Flying period.</p><p>The species flies from April to early August.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ADCBFAB26FCD570D97A6E3C442AC858C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter;Kato, Daichi;Gamboa, Maribet;Watanabe, Kozo	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, Kato, Daichi, Gamboa, Maribet, Watanabe, Kozo (2020): Revision of Japanese species of Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 (Diptera, Pediciidae). ZooKeys 1000: 71-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021
2E7C04B0F37957B19F2D4ED19A78A5E3.text	2E7C04B0F37957B19F2D4ED19A78A5E3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nipponomyia okinawensis Kolcsar & Kato 2020	<div><p>Nipponomyia okinawensis Kolcsar &amp; Kato sp. nov. Figs 4E, 12C, D, 14</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype ♀, pinned. Original label: " <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.24234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.748833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.24234/lat 26.748833)">Japan</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.24234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.748833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.24234/lat 26.748833)">Okinawa Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.24234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.748833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.24234/lat 26.748833)">Okinawa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.24234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.748833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.24234/lat 26.748833)">Kunigami</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.24234&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.748833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.24234/lat 26.748833)">Mt Fuenchiji-dake, Yona</a>; alt. 250 m; 26°44.93'N, 128°14.54'E; 21 May 2016; D. Kato leg." " Holotype Nipponomyia okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. [red label]" (BLKU).</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Anterior part of thorax dark brown to black, posterior part yellowish brown (yellow in N. pentacantha and N. kuwanai), abdomen yellow. Thorax with 7 darker patches (11 in N. pentacantha and 11-13 in N. kuwanai), 2 in presutural area of scutum. Wing with transverse dark lines in costal cell. Brown marking extending from R2+3 to base of M1 (brown marking usually not extending to base of M1 in N. kuwanai and extending to crossvein m-m in N. pentacantha). Second sternite without dark line (with black marking at corner of membranous area in N. kuwanai and with a diffuse line positioned same level as line on sternite 3 in N. pentacantha). Cercus straight (curved upward in N. kuwanai and N. pentacantha). Genital opening T-shaped (Y-shaped in N. kuwanai and N. pentacantha), lateral sclerite very small, less than 1/6-1/7 of length of genital fork (1/3 of length of genital fork in N. pentacantha and less than 1/5 of length of genital fork in N. kuwanai). Genital fork cross-shaped, lateral branch curved caudally (spoon-shaped in N. kuwanai and cross-shaped in N. pentacantha but lateral branch almost straight).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body length: female: 12 mm.</p><p>Wing length: female 10 mm.</p><p>Head: General coloration brown (Fig. 14B, C). Palpus dark brown, 5-segmented, segments 2-4 almost same in length, last segment 1.5-1.6 × longer than segment 4. Tip of last flagellomere darker than other part of palpus. Antenna 1.5 × longer than head. Flagellum 13-segmented, scape and pedicel brown, flagellum gradually lightening from base to tip.</p><p>Thorax: Apical half of thorax dark brown, almost black, partly due to decay inside, posterior part yellowish brown (Fig. 14). Pattern of thorax hardly recognizable, only 2 lateral large spots on presutural area of scutum distinct. Postsutural area of scutum with 5 spots, 1 triangular black spot at middle of suture, other 2 spots at anterior corners of transverse suture, and 2 small spots at posterior corners of scutum (parascutum) (Fig. 14B, C).</p><p>Legs: General coloration yellow, covered with yellowish setae. Femora without apical dark area, tip of tibiae with a narrow darker ring. Apical ends of tarsomeres 1 to 4 each with narrow dark yellow to light brown ring. Tarsomeres 4 and 5 yellowish (Fig. 14A). Tarsomeres each with 2 spurs, black, easily discernible.</p><p>Wings: As in Fig. 4E. Wing with transverse dark lines in costal cell. Crossvein m-m present. Narrow band on R2+3 not extending to crossvein m-m. Small yellowish brown area around connection of m-cu to Cu.</p><p>Abdomen: Yellow to light brown, relatively short setae dark on tergites and pale on sternites. Tergites 2-6, each with longitudinal narrow black line on lateral side, 1/4-1/3 length of tergite length, less prominent compared to other species. Sternite 2 without dark mark. Sternites 3-5 each with narrow brown line, not continuous in sternite 3 (Fig. 14A, B). The abdomen removed in specimen for DNA extraction.</p><p>Female terminalia, ovipositor: General coloration dark yellow (Fig. 14A). Cercus almost straight (Fig. 12C). Genital fork cross-shaped, widening at posterior 1/3, lateral branches directed caudally. Lateral sclerite of genital plate very small, indistinct, less than 1/6-1/7 of length of genital fork. Genital opening T-shaped, two darker areas between genital fork and genital opening diffuse, twice longer than lateral sclerite (Fig. 12D).</p><p>Male: Unknown.</p><p>Larva: Unknown.</p><p>Pupa: Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Japan: Ryukyu Islands: Okinawa Island (Fig. 9). Oriental region.</p><p>Flying period.</p><p>Type specimen collected at the end of May.</p><p>Biogeographic notes.</p><p>Okinawa Island is the largest island of the Ryukyu Archipelago, located roughly midway between Kyushu and Taiwan. The island was formed by complex process of Paleogene volcanic activities and Neogene-Quaternary sedimentations and reef deposits (Osozawa et al. 2012; Fujita et al. 2018). Okinawa is a continental island, separated and reconnected to the Eurasian mainland by land bridges few times during Neogene-Quaternary sea level fluctuations (Ota 1998). The last separation of Okinawa from mainland occurred 1.552 ± 0.154 million years ago (Osozawa et al. 2012). The island is situated in the Oriental faunal realm. The northern part of the island, the so called Yambaru Forest consists of unique, relatively well-preserved subtropical rainforest, which is home to numerous endemic plant and animal species (Ito et al. 2000). The crane fly fauna of the island very poorly known, with six species known as endemic to the island so far. The new species, Nipponomyia okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov., is most probably more closely related to the Taiwanese N. symphyletes than to other Japanese species; however, to support this hypothesis additional specimens must be collected from both species and both sexes.</p><p>Japanese species of trispinosa species group</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E7C04B0F37957B19F2D4ED19A78A5E3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter;Kato, Daichi;Gamboa, Maribet;Watanabe, Kozo	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, Kato, Daichi, Gamboa, Maribet, Watanabe, Kozo (2020): Revision of Japanese species of Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 (Diptera, Pediciidae). ZooKeys 1000: 71-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021
9D563E1DCB635234AC883B59B2DF1F92.text	9D563E1DCB635234AC883B59B2DF1F92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nipponomyia pentacantha Alexander 1958	<div><p>Nipponomyia pentacantha Alexander, 1958 Figs 4D, 5, 6, 7, 8</p><p>Nipponomyia pentacantha: Alexander, 1958: 293-294, plate 3, figs 14, 17 - original description, wing and male terminalia illustration; Ishida 1958: 39 - distribution; Nakamura 2014: 4 - distribution.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype male: Japan, Nagano, Echigo, Mount Amakazari; alt. 300-600 m; 25-26 Jun. 1955; Baba leg. Paratype male: same location; alt. 300 m; 26 Jun. 1955; Baba leg. Type specimens deposited in National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA; not studied.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Non-types: Japan: [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">Honshu</a>] • 2♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">Nishimeya</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">Shirakami Nature</a> <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.21483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.518833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.21483/lat 40.518833)">observation garden, Kawaratai</a>; alt. 255 m; 40°31.13'N, 140°12.89'E; 4 Jul. 2013; leg. D. Kato (pinned, BLKU) • 1♀ ( GenBank # MT874514); same data as previous except 6 Jul. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Aomori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.204&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.500668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.204/lat 40.500668)">Nishimeya</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.204&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.500668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.204/lat 40.500668)">Okawa Path</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.204&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.500668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.204/lat 40.500668)">Kawaratai</a>; alt. 300 m; 40°30.04'N, 140°12.24'E; 15 Jul. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Hirosaki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Inekari River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Koguriyama</a>; alt. 170 m; 40°32.19'N, 140°29.22'E; 25 Jul. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Aomori</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Towada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Tsutanuma Path</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Okuse</a>; alt. 468 m; 40°35.45'N, 140°57.42'E; 21 Jun. 2014; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 3♂; Fukushima, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.28033&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.99" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.28033/lat 36.99)">Hinoemata</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.28033&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.99" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.28033/lat 36.99)">Hiuchigatake</a>; alt. 1530 m; 36°59.4'N, 139°16.82'E; 16 Jul. 2019; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Niigata, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.56284&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0245" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.56284/lat 37.0245)">Tokamachi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.56284&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0245" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.56284/lat 37.0245)">Matsunoyama-Amamizukoshi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.56284&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0245" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.56284/lat 37.0245)">Mt Amamizu</a>; alt. 920 m; 37°1.47'N, 138°33.77'E; 3 Jul. 2019; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 4♂, 1♀; Niigata, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.61633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.61633/lat 37.0995)">Tokamachi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.61633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.61633/lat 37.0995)">Matsunoyama</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.61633&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.0995" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.61633/lat 37.0995)">Kyororo</a>; alt. 310 m; 37°5.97'N, 138°36.98'E; 21 Jul. 2019; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU).</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Yellowish species with 11 dark spots on thorax (7 dark spots in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov., 11-13 dark spots in N. kuwanai). Wing with transverse dark lines in costal cell. Brown marking extending from R2+3 to crossvein m-m (brown marking extending from R2+3 to maximum to base of M1 in N. kuwanai and N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.). Sternite 2 without black marking at corner of membranous area (with black marking at corner of membranous area in N. kuwanai), a diffuse line positioned same level as line on sternite 3 ( N. kuwanai without this line, N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. with any line and dark marking on sternite 2). Gonostylus with 4 or 5 spines (11-14 spines in N. kuwanai). Aedeagus short, twice as long as wide, rounded (as long as wide in N. kuwanai). Cercus curved upward (straight in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.). Female genital opening Y-shaped (T-shaped in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.), lateral sclerite 1/3 of length of genital fork (less than 1/5 of length of genital fork in N. kuwanai and less than 1/6-1/7 of length of genital fork in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.), genital fork cross-shaped (spoon-shaped in N. kuwanai, cross-shaped in N. okinawensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. but lateral branch curved caudally).</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Body length: male 9.5-11 mm, female: 12-13 mm.</p><p>Wing length: male 9.5-10.5 mm, female 10-11 mm.</p><p>Head: Light brown to brown (Fig. 8C). Palpi brown, 5-segmented, palpomeres 2 to 4 subequal in length, last segment elongated, ca. 1.5 × longer than palpomere 4 in male. Female palpomere 5 almost same length as palpomere 4 or at most 1.3 × longer. Tip of palpomere 5 darker than other part of palpus. Antenna short, just a little longer than head. Scape cylindrical, wider than pedicel, twice as long as pedicel. Flagellum 13-segmented, flagellomeres gradually narrowing apically. Antenna yellow to light brown, scape always darker than pedicel and flagellomeres (Fig. 8C).</p><p>Thorax: In dry specimens general coloration yellow (Fig. 8C) to fulvous (Fig. 8A, B); 4 dark spots on presutural area of scutum and 7 spots on postsutural area, sizes of spots variable, especially lateral pair of spots on presutural area (Fig. 8B, C).</p><p>Legs: General coloration yellow, covered with yellowish setae (Fig. 8A). Femora without apical darkened area, apical part of tibiae brownish, with darker setae. Tarsomeres 1-3 each with narrow brown ring at tip. Tarsomeres 4 and 5 brown. Spurs on tarsomeres (2 in each segment), small but relatively easy to recognize for their darker coloration than setae.</p><p>Wing: As in Fig. 4D. Wing with transverse dark lines in costal cell. Crossvein m-m present. Dark band from base of R2+3 extending to crossvein m-m. Dark band along crossveins r-m and m-cu pale.</p><p>Abdomen: Abdomen covered with comparatively long pale setae. Tergites 2-6 in both sexes, each with longitudinal narrow black line on lateral side, situated on basal 1/3-1/2 of each tergite in male (Fig. 8A, B) and 1/2-2/3 of each tergite in females. Sternite 2 with short black line positioned on lateral side in the middle between membranous area and posterior end of sternite 2. Sternites 3-6 with a little, wider than line on tergite (Fig. 8A, B). Sometimes line on sternite 6 indistinct or absent. Tergites and sternites 7 and 8 slightly darker than previous segments, dark yellow to brown.</p><p>Male terminalia: dark yellow to brown, always darkest part of abdomen (Fig. 8A). Tergite 9 almost straight at posterior margin (Fig. 5A, B). Gonocoxite without apical lobe 1.7-1.8 × longer than wide and 1.5-1.6 × longer than tergite 9 in lateral view (Fig. 5E, F). Apical lobe of gonocoxite not separated from gonocoxite, as long as 3/4 of width of gonocoxite, in lateral view (Fig. 5G, H). Posterior part of gonostylus wide, bearing 4 or 5 strong black spines (Fig. 5A, B, G, H). Interbase dilated apically, with two pointed parts; interbase with apical part 2.5-3 × as wide as basal part, in dorsal view (Fig. 5A-D). Shape of interbase in inner lateral view highly variable based on angle, directing postero-dorsally pointed at tip (Fig. 5G, H). Aedeagus short, twice as long as wide, tip rounded (Fig. 5I, J).</p><p>Female terminalia, ovipositor: General coloration dark yellow. Cercus curved upward (Fig. 6B). Genital fork cross-shaped, wider in 3/4 of its length (Figs 6D, 7B). Lateral sclerite of genital plate small and narrow, 1/3 of length of genital fork (Fig. 7B). Genital opening Y-shaped, sclerotized area before genital fork relatively large, approximately as long as lateral sclerite (Fig. 7B).</p><p>Larva: Unknown.</p><p>Pupa: Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Japan: Honshu Island (Oosterbroek 2020, Nakamura 2014) (Fig. 9).</p><p>Flying period.</p><p>Middle of June to middle of September.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9D563E1DCB635234AC883B59B2DF1F92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter;Kato, Daichi;Gamboa, Maribet;Watanabe, Kozo	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, Kato, Daichi, Gamboa, Maribet, Watanabe, Kozo (2020): Revision of Japanese species of Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 (Diptera, Pediciidae). ZooKeys 1000: 71-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021
5CCE30F02A6756B88CFC0795527F093B.text	5CCE30F02A6756B88CFC0795527F093B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nipponomyia trispinosa (Alexander 1920)	<div><p>Nipponomyia trispinosa (Alexander, 1920) Figs 2, 3, 4A, F, 12E, F, 15, 16, 17</p><p>Tricyphona trispinosa: Alexander 1920: 15 - original description; Alexander (1923): 479 - comparison; Alexander 1924: 158-159 - new combination to the genus.</p><p>Nipponomyia trispinosa: Alexander 1927a: 202 - faunistic record, swarming; Alexander 1927b: 49, figs 14, 15 - wing, variation, comparison; Alexander 1935: 551-552 - identification key; Alexander 1936: 190 - comparison; Esaki 1950: 1521, fig. 4362; Alexander 1958: 292-295 - identification key to Japanese species, comparison, faunistic records, Plate 3, fig. 18 - male terminalia; Ishida 1958: 39 - distribution; Savchenko and Krivolutskaya 1976: 25 - faunistic record; Savchenko 1983: 34 - comparison; Savchenko 1989 - distribution, illustration; Nakamura 2014: 4 - distribution, Japanese name.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype male: Japan, Honshu, leg. Akio Nohiro. - without further data, probably Kyoto (see Alexander 1920, 1958). Type specimen deposited in National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA; not examined.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Non-types: Japan: [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.98816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.558666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.98816/lat 42.558666)">Hokkaido</a>] • 2♂, (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.98816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.558666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.98816/lat 42.558666)">GenBank</a> # MT874512); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.98816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.558666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.98816/lat 42.558666)">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.98816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.558666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.98816/lat 42.558666)">Sobetsu</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.98816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.558666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.98816/lat 42.558666)">River Benkei</a>; alt. 238 m; 42°33.52'N, 140°59.29'E; 29 Jul. 2019; L.-P. Kolcsár leg. (pinned or in ethanol, CKLP). [Honshu] • 3♂, 1♀; Aomori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.43883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.519165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.43883/lat 40.519165)">Hirosaki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.43883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.519165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.43883/lat 40.519165)">Ichinowatari-washinosu</a>; alt. 205 m; 40°31.15'N, 140°26.33'E; 5 Sep. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Aomori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Hirosaki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Inekari River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5365" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.487/lat 40.5365)">Koguriyama</a>; alt. 170 m; 40°32.19'N, 140°29.22'E; 10 Sep. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 3♂; Aomori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Towada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Tsutanuma Path</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.957&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.59083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.957/lat 40.59083)">Okuse</a>; alt. 468 m; 40°35.45'N, 140°57.42'E; 30 Aug. 2014; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 2♂; Aomori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Towada</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Sakura Spa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.90984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.627335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.90984/lat 40.627335)">Okuse</a>; alt. 854 m; 40°37.64'N, 140°54.59'E; 3 Aug. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Gifu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.42616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.741833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.42616/lat 35.741833)">Nakatsugawa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.42616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.741833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.42616/lat 35.741833)">Nishimata-dani Valley</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=137.42616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.741833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 137.42616/lat 35.741833)">Kashimo</a>; alt. 800 m; 35°44.51'N, 137°25.57'E; 7 Aug. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂, 1♀; Hiroshima, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=141.3335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.013832" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 141.3335/lat 43.013832)">Hatsukaichi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=141.3335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.013832" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 141.3335/lat 43.013832)">Nakatsudani-gawa River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=141.3335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.013832" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 141.3335/lat 43.013832)">Yoshiwa</a>; alt. 900 m; 43°0.83'N, 141°20.01'E; 2 Sep. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 2♂; Hiroshima, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.04683&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.511333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.04683/lat 34.511333)">Hatsukaichi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.04683&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.511333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.04683/lat 34.511333)">Mt Misaka-yama</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.04683&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.511333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.04683/lat 34.511333)">Yoshiwa</a>; alt. 1070 m; 34°30.68'N, 132°2.81'E; 2 Sep. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 2♂; Nagano, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.354&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.52" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.354/lat 36.52)">Ueda</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.354&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.52" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.354/lat 36.52)">Daimyozin stream</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.354&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.52" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.354/lat 36.52)">Sugadaira MRC</a>; alt. 1315 m; 36°31.2'N, 138°21.24'E; 20 Aug. 2013; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Tochigi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.61833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.740665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.61833/lat 36.740665)">Nikko</a>; alt. 675 m; 36°44.44'N, 139°37.1'E; 8 Sep. 2011; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 2♂; Tottori, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=134.42616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.430832" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 134.42616/lat 35.430832)">Yazu</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=134.42616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.430832" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 134.42616/lat 35.430832)">Mt Ogino-sen</a>; alt. 905 m; 35°25.85'N, 134°25.57'E; 17 Sep. 2014; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Yamagata, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.026&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.026165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.026/lat 39.026165)">Sakata</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.026&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.026165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.026/lat 39.026165)">Yunodai Spa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=140.026&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.026165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 140.026/lat 39.026165)">Kusatsu</a>; alt. 475 m; 39°1.57'N, 140°1.56'E; 18 Sep. 2014; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU). [Kyushu] • 2♂; Fukuoka, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.438168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.36667/lat 33.438168)">Mt Sefuri</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.438168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.36667/lat 33.438168)">Itaya</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.438168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.36667/lat 33.438168)">Sawara-ku</a>; alt. 970 m; 33°26.29'N, 130°22'E; 5 Sep. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 2♀; Fukuoka, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.9615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.495667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.9615/lat 33.495667)">Miyako</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.9615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.495667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.9615/lat 33.495667)">Notoge Pass</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.9615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.495667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.9615/lat 33.495667)">Saigawa-Hobashira</a>; alt. 740 m; 33°29.74'N, 130°57.69'E; 21 Sep. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Fukuoka, Fukuoka, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.366&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.5305" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.366/lat 33.5305)">Katae</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.366&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.5305" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.366/lat 33.5305)">Mt Abura</a>; alt. 225 m; 33°31.83'N, 130°21.96'E; 20 Oct. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♀; Oita, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.33684&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.16083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.33684/lat 33.16083)">Yufu</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.33684&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.16083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.33684/lat 33.16083)">Shonai-cho-asono</a>; alt. 870 m; 33°9.65'N, 131°20.21'E; 10 Sep. 2016; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU) • 1♂; Saga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.23216&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.433167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.23216/lat 33.433167)">Saga-shi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.23216&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.433167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.23216/lat 33.433167)">Kasa River near Hokuza Dam</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.23216&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.433167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.23216/lat 33.433167)">Fujimachi-sekiya</a>; alt. 330 m; 33°25.99'N, 130°13.93'E; 15 Oct. 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU). [Shikoku] • 1♂; Ehime, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=133.13716&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.745167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 133.13716/lat 33.745167)">Wakayama</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=133.13716&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.745167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 133.13716/lat 33.745167)">small waterfall and stream</a>; alt. 1305 m; 33°44.71'N, 133°8.23'E; 10 Sep. 2019; L.-P. Kolcsár leg. (pinned or in ethanol, CKLP) • 3♂, 1♀, (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.96933&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.759" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.96933/lat 33.759)">GenBank</a> # MT874513); Ehime, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.96933&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.759" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.96933/lat 33.759)">Toon</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.96933&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.759" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.96933/lat 33.759)">Shiraino waterfall</a>; alt. 685 m; 33°45.54'N, 132°58.16'E; 16 Sep. 2019; L.-P. Kolcsár leg. (pinned or in ethanol, CKLP) • 2♂; Tokushima, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=133.948&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.922165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 133.948/lat 33.922165)">Miyoshi</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=133.948&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.922165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 133.948/lat 33.922165)">Ochiai Pass</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=133.948&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.922165" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 133.948/lat 33.922165)">Higashiiya-Ochiai</a>; alt. 1460 m; 33°55.33'N, 133°56.88'E; 15 May 2015; D. Kato leg. (pinned, BLKU).</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Yellowish species with 11 darker spots on thorax ( N. yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. dark yellow species with 11 large dark spots, N. gracilis without dark spots on thorax). Wing without transverse dark line in costal cell. Brown band running from base of R2+3 to tip of M4 and to m-cu (brown band not reaching wing margin in N. yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov.). Dark band along crossveins r-m and m-cu conspicuous. Second sternite with black marking at corner of membranous area, but without other line. Gonostylus with 3 spines (2 spines in N. yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. and N. gracilis), aedeagus short, triangular, and acute at tip in lateral view (aedeagus long, rod-shaped in N. yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. and N. gracilis). Cercus long and straight, just gently curved upward. Genital opening T-shaped, genital fork cross-shaped, lateral sclerite large, half as long as genital fork.</p><p>Redescription.</p><p>Body length: male 8.5-12 mm, female: 13-15 mm.</p><p>Wing length: male 8.5-12 mm, female 11-12 mm.</p><p>Head: Yellowish brown (Fig. 15B, C) to brown with grayish pruinosity, some dry specimens with reddish shade, grayish pruinosity not visible on specimens stored in ethanol. Palpi brown, 5-segmented, segments 2-4 subequal in length, last segment elongated, ca. 2-3 × longer than segment 4, measurable only on specimens stored in ethanol. Palpomeres 1 and 2 and tip of palpomere 5 darker. Antenna short, just a little longer than head (Figs 2C, 15C). Antenna yellow to brown, sometimes scape and pedicel darker than remainder of antenna. Flagellum unicolor or gradually lightening to apical end (Fig. 15C). Flagellum 13-segmented, flagellomeres gradually narrowing to apical end (Fig. 2C).</p><p>Thorax: Specimens stored in ethanol whitish yellow. General coloration yellow, dorsal parts somewhat darker yellow in pinned specimens (Fig. 15A). Sclerites in lateral view as (Fig. 3). Four uniformly dark spots on presutural area of scutum, 7 dark spots on postsutural area of scutum (Fig. 15C).</p><p>Legs: General coloration yellow, covered with yellowish setae. Femora without apical dark area, apical part of tibiae brownish, with a few darker setae. Apical ends of tarsomeres light brown. Apical half of tarsomere 4 brown, tarsomere 5 slightly lighter than tarsomere 4 (Fig. 15A). Tarsomeres with very small spurs, hardly discernable.</p><p>Wing: As in Fig. 4A, F. Crossvein m-m very long, oblique, connecting close to tip of M4. Dark band extending from base of R2+3 to m-cu and to crossvein m-m, and reaching wing margin. Dark band along crossveins r-m and m-cu conspicuous.</p><p>Abdomen: Abdomen covered with relatively long pale setae. Tergites 2-6 in male and 2-7 in female each with a longitudinal narrow black line on lateral side, its length ranging from 1/3-1/2 of tergite length (Fig. 15A). Sternite 2 with a short black line at corner of membranous area, but without other line (Fig. 15B). Membranous area of sternite 2 as in Fig. 3B. Sternites 3-6 each with a brown line, a little wider and shorter than tergite line (Fig. 15A). Sometimes line on sternite 6 indistinct or absent. Tergites and sternites 7 and 8 dark yellow to brown.</p><p>Male terminalia: Dark yellow to brown (Fig. 15A). Tergite 9 with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 16A, B). Gonocoxite with apical lobe 1.8-1.9 × longer than wide (at middle) and around 1.7-1.8 × longer than tergite 9 in lateral view (Fig. 16E, F). Apical lobe of gonocoxite prominent in any view, as long as wide of gonocoxite at middle in lateral view (Fig. 16G, H). Ventro-basal lobe of gonocoxite prominent in any view, triangular with rounded inner peak in ventral view (Fig. 16C, D). Outer part of gonostylus slender in inner lateral view, with 3 black spines, inner part of gonostylus rod-shaped, 4-5 × longer than wide, tip curved dorsally. Interbase elongated, apical widest part 1.5 × wider than base, in dorsal view (Fig. 16A, B). Shape of interbase, directing postero-dorsally, pointed at tip (Fig. 16H). Aedeagus short, triangular and pointed in lateral view (Fig. 16I, J).</p><p>Female terminalia, ovipositor: General coloration dark yellow. Cercus almost straight, only weakly curved upward (Fig. 12E). Genital fork cross-shaped, wider at posterior 1/4 of its length (Fig. 12F). Lateral sclerite of genital plate large, half as long as genital fork. Genital opening T-shaped, two darker areas between genital opening and genital fork small indistinct (Fig. 12F).</p><p>Larva: Unknown.</p><p>Pupa: Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Russia: Kuril Islands. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku (Nakamura 2014; Oosterbroek 2020), first records from Hokkaido and Kyushu (Fig. 17).</p><p>Flying period.</p><p>Usually flying between the end of July and the middle of November, but also collected in May.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5CCE30F02A6756B88CFC0795527F093B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter;Kato, Daichi;Gamboa, Maribet;Watanabe, Kozo	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, Kato, Daichi, Gamboa, Maribet, Watanabe, Kozo (2020): Revision of Japanese species of Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 (Diptera, Pediciidae). ZooKeys 1000: 71-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021
79092BEEC9E35D3CB9D0E918F2C73F3A.text	79092BEEC9E35D3CB9D0E918F2C73F3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nipponomyia yakushimensis Kolcsar & Kato 2020	<div><p>Nipponomyia yakushimensis Kolcsar &amp; Kato sp. nov. Figs 4G, 18, 19</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype ♂, pinned. Original label: " <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.57283&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.57283/lat 30.384)">Japan</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.57283&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.57283/lat 30.384)">Kagoshima</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.57283&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.57283/lat 30.384)">Yakushima Island</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.57283&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.57283/lat 30.384)">Yakushima</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.57283&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.384" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.57283/lat 30.384)">near Shirataniunsui-kyo Valley, Yakushima-cho</a>, alt. 600 m, 30°23.04'N, 130°34.37'E, 25 Apr. 2018, D. Kato leg." " Holotype Nipponomyia yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. [red label]" (pinned, BLKU).</p><p>Paratype ♂, same data as holotype (pinned, BLKU).</p><p>Diagnostic characters.</p><p>Dark yellow species with 11 large darker spots on thorax ( N. trispinosa light yellowish species with 11 smaller dark spots, N. gracilis brownish species without any dark spots on thorax). Wing without transverse dark line on costal cell. Brown band running from base of R2+3 to crossvein m-m, but not reaching wing margin (reaching the wing margin in N. trispinosa). Brown band along crossveins r-m and m-cu conspicuous. Second sternite with black marking at corner of membranous area, but without other line. Gonostylus with 2 spines (3 spines in N. trispinosa), aedeagus long, rod-shaped and acute at tip (aedeagus short, triangular in N. trispinosa).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body length: male 8-8.5 mm.</p><p>Wing length: male 8-8.5 mm.</p><p>Head: Light brown to brown with grayish pruinosity (Fig. 18B, C). Palpi dark brown, 5-segmented, segments 2-4 subequal in length, last segment twice as long as palpomere 4. Antenna short, just a little longer than head. Antenna brown, flagellomeres darker than scape and pedicel. Flagellum 13-segmented, flagellomeres gradually narrowing to apical end.</p><p>Thorax: General coloration dark yellow, dorsal parts somewhat darker (Fig. 18A). Presutural area of scutum with 4 large spots, very conspicuous (Fig. 18B, C) and 7 spots on postsutural area of scutum also distinct (Fig. 18C). Setae on thorax relatively long and dark.</p><p>Legs: General coloration yellow, covered with yellowish setae. Femora without clear apical dark area, but with some darker setae. Apical part of tibiae light brown, with a few darker setae. Apical ends of tarsomeres narrowly dark yellow to light brown (Fig. 18A). Tarsomeres with spurs very small, hardly discernible.</p><p>Wing: As in Fig. 5G. Yellow pattern less intensive compared to other Japanese species. Spots around yellow costal region brown, not blackish as in N. trispinosa . Brown band running from base of R2+3 to crossvein m-m, but not reaching wing margin. Brown band along crossveins r-m and m-cu conspicuous. In paratype, wing with Rs divided to R2+3+4 and R5 (Fig. 5G), in holotype as usual in genus, divided to R2+3 and R4+5.</p><p>Abdomen: Abdomen covered with relative long dark setae. Tergites 2-6 each with a longitudinal narrow black line on lateral side, its length ranging from 1/2-3/4 of tergite length. Sternite 2 with a short black line at corner of membranous fold. Sternites 3-7 each with a broad brown patch, covering anterior half of segment (Fig. 18A, B). The abdomen of paratype removed for DNA extraction.</p><p>Male terminalia: Dark yellow to light brown (Fig. 18A). Median part of tergite 9 with posterior margin convex with two small obtuse peaks laterally (Fig. 19A, B). Gonocoxite with apical lobe 2.2 × longer than wide (in the middle) and 1.6 × longer than tergite 9 (Fig. 19E, F). Apical lobe of gonocoxite squarish in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 19A-D), as long as width of gonocoxite at middle in lateral view (Fig. 19G, H). Basal lobe of gonocoxite prominent, both in ventral and lateral views, triangular in ventral view (Fig. 19C, D). Outer part of gonostylus slender in inner view (Fig. 19G, H), with 2 black spines, inner part of gonostylus triangular (Fig. 19A-D). Interbase elongated, gradually widening to tip, widest part twice wider than basal part in dorsal view (Fig. 19A, B), interbase curved dorsally in lateral view (Fig. 19G, H). Aedeagus rod-shaped, extending beyond interbase, tip acute, curved dorsally (Fig. 19I, J).</p><p>Female: Unknown.</p><p>Larva: Unknown.</p><p>Pupa: Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Japan: Ryukyu Islands: Yakushima Island (Fig. 9).</p><p>Flying period.</p><p>Type specimens were collected at the end of April.</p><p>Biogeographic notes.</p><p>Yakushima Island is one of the northmost members of Ryukyu Islands, and also the largest island of the Osumi Archipelago. Yakushima is located approximately 70 km south of Kyushu and formed by a combination of sedimentary and orogenic volcanism processes (Shibasaki 2018). The island is one of the world’s wettest locations, with the annual rainfall around 10000 mm in the mountains whose peaks reach 1900 meters. The island is characterized by a unique wet climate, which ranges from subtropical to high alpine climates, and hosts numerous endemic species (Yahara et al. 1987; Smith and Kamiya 2006; Shibasaki 2018). Yakushima is located in the southern boundary of Palearctic faunal realm, and the new biogeographic boundary between the Palearctic and Oriental realm was proposed between Yakushima/Taneshima and Amami Islands (Komaki and Igawa 2017). The crane fly fauna of the island is poorly known, at the moment only six species are known as endemic to the island; however, the second author has an additional 8-10 undescribed species from Yakushima. Based on the male terminalia the new species N. yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. is more closely related to N. gracilis, than to N. trispinosa . Both, N. yakushimensis Kolcsár &amp; Kato, sp. nov. and N. gracilis have 2 spines on the gonostylus, aedeagi elongated, and the shapes of their interbases are also similar. Presumably the two species diverged from each other at least 1.706 Ma ago, when the Korean Peninsula &amp; Kyushu and also Yakushima and Kyushu separated (Osozawa et al. 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/79092BEEC9E35D3CB9D0E918F2C73F3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter;Kato, Daichi;Gamboa, Maribet;Watanabe, Kozo	Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, Kato, Daichi, Gamboa, Maribet, Watanabe, Kozo (2020): Revision of Japanese species of Nipponomyia Alexander, 1924 (Diptera, Pediciidae). ZooKeys 1000: 71-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.55021
