identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
874187CE027BFFF2A2DAFF7DFEFD572A.text	874187CE027BFFF2A2DAFF7DFEFD572A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stegosatyrus Zacca, Mielke & Pyrcz	<div><p>Stegosatyrus Zacca, Mielke &amp; Pyrcz, new genus</p><p>Type-species. Satyrus periphas Godart, [1824] .</p><p>Adult diagnosis. Stegosatyrus is distinguished from all other Euptychiina by two uniquely features: 1) tectiforme (in lateral view) and spatulated (in dorsal view) uncus (Figs 23, 29), and 2) sclerotized sternite VIII and developed spiracle in females (Fig. 31). Among the genera with somewhat similar chromatic patterns, Stegosatyrus n. gen. can be easily distinguished from Yphthimoides Forster, 1964 by its genital morphology, namely by the absence of projections or spines on the apex of the valvae, and the presence of a subapical ocellus on the dorsal face of the forewing (FW). Stegosatyrus n. gen. differs from Euptychia Hübner, 1818 by the absence of the median and posterior apophysis of the tegumen. The shape of the valvae and of the anterior projection of the saccus, as well as the absence of projections on the apex of the valvae, along with the absence of the subapical ocellus on the dorsal face of the FW, and the amount and arrangement of ocelli on the ventral face of the hindwing (HW), distinguishes Stegosatyrus n. gen. from Magneuptychia Forster, 1964 . It is distinguished from the Nearctic genus Neonympha Hübner, 1818 by: having a labial palp which is twice as long than the head (in Neonympha it is two and a half times to three times larger); the absence of spines on tarsomere I of the female prothoracic leg; the mesotibia with several spines; the presence of an ocellus in the subapical region of the FW; and the ventral face of the HW with rounded ocelli. Stegosatyrus n. gen. differs from the Nearctic genus Megisto Hübner, [1819] by the absence of an ocellus between M3-CuA 1 in the FW and between M1-M2 of the HW, and absence of the discal line on ventral face of the HW. The male genitalia is very distinct between this two genera: Stegosatyrus presents the narrow upward curved gnathos with 2/3 the length of the uncus, whereas in Megisto gnathos and uncus of subequal length; the appendix angular in Stegosatyrus is reduced and narrow differing of the well developed and rectangular appendix angular in Megisto .</p><p>Description. Antennae 2/3 the length of the costal margin of FW, with white scales around the base of each flagellomere; chaetosema with light brown scales; postgena area with small white scales; labial palp two times the length of the head with small, thin and white scales on the dorsal view. Meso-thoracic legs slightly shorter than meta-thoracic legs. FW (length: 13–20 mm): sub-triangular, costa slightly convex, apex rounded, external margin slightly convex, without indentations, and inner margin straight. HW sub-oval, somewhat longer than wide, costa slightly convex, apex rounded, external margin convex, inner margin straight. Tegumen sub-rectangular with median concavity at the base; uncus two times the length of the tegumen with pronounced dilatation at the median portion in dorsal view and tectiforme laterally; gnathos narrow and curved upwards with 2/3 the length of the uncus; appendix angular small; valvae sub-triangular and apex rounded. Papillae anales with membranous apical half and elongated bristles; anterior apophysis developed; sternite VIII, in lateral view, as sclerotized as the proximal part of the papillae anales, and with a developed spiracle; ductus bursae 2/3 the length of bursa copulatrix; bursa copulatrix oval with two signa of equal length, positioned on the right side.</p><p>Etymology. The generic name is masculine, formed by combination of the words “ stegos ” and “ satyrus ”. “ Stegos ” is of Greek origin and refers to something roof-shaped, such as the uncus of the species of this genus, in lateral view.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/874187CE027BFFF2A2DAFF7DFEFD572A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zacca, Thamara;Mielke, Olaf H. H.;Pyrcz, Tomasz W.;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Freitas, André V. L.;Boyer, Pierre	Zacca, Thamara, Mielke, Olaf H. H., Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Casagrande, Mirna M., Freitas, André V. L., Boyer, Pierre (2013): Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 3682 (2): 331-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7
874187CE027BFFF2A2DAF9FAFA4156AB.text	874187CE027BFFF2A2DAF9FAFA4156AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stegosatyrus	<div><p>Key to species of Stegosatyrus, n. gen.</p><p>1 FW with double ocellus in the subapical region; ventral view of HW without any ocelli........... .. S. imbrialis (Figs 1–4)</p><p>- FW with simple ocellus in the subapical region; ventral view of HW with at least two ocelli present................... 2</p><p>2 HWV with only reduced ocelli, the first between M1-M2 and the second between CuA1-CuA2...... S. hemiclara (Figs 15–16)</p><p>- HWV with three or more developed ocelli................................................................. 3</p><p>3 HWV; a straight dark brown transverse line, two thirds from base; the dark line parallel to the external margin mostly regular.................................................................................. S. periphas (Figs 9–12)</p><p>- HWV; an irregular dark brown transverse line, two thirds from base; the dark line parallel to the external margin mostly irregular and pointing towards margin when crossing the main veins............................... S. ocelloides (Figs 5–8)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/874187CE027BFFF2A2DAF9FAFA4156AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zacca, Thamara;Mielke, Olaf H. H.;Pyrcz, Tomasz W.;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Freitas, André V. L.;Boyer, Pierre	Zacca, Thamara, Mielke, Olaf H. H., Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Casagrande, Mirna M., Freitas, André V. L., Boyer, Pierre (2013): Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 3682 (2): 331-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7
874187CE027AFFF6A2DAF98AFDF75519.text	874187CE027AFFF6A2DAF98AFDF75519.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stegosatyrus imbrialis (Weeks 1901) Weeks 1901	<div><p>Stegosatyrus imbrialis (Weeks, 1901) n. comb.</p><p>(Figs 1–4, 17, 20, 23–32, 84)</p><p>Epinephele imbrialis Weeks, 1901: 81; Weeks 1905: 43; Weymer 1911: 237; Gaede 1931: 236.</p><p>Euptychia biocellata Godman, 1905: 187, 190, pl. X, fig. 8; Hayward 1958: 228; Forster 1964: 134 (as syn. of Megisto imbrialis).</p><p>Euptychia subandina Jörgensen, 1935: 92, pl. II, fig. 4; Forster 1964: 134 (as syn. of Megisto imbrialis).</p><p>Megisto imbrialis (Weeks); Forster 1964: 134.</p><p>Pampasatyrus imbrialis (Weeks); Lamas 1996: 53; Lamas &amp; Viloria 2004: 217.</p><p>Type locality. Bolivia, [province of Cochabamba], Alisuni.</p><p>Taxonomic history. Epinephele imbrialis Weeks, 1901 was described based on four syntypes from the type locality. Godman (1905) described Euptychia biocellata based on three syntypes from Tanampaya, Bolivia. In 1935, Jörgensen described Euptychia subandina without specifying the exact number of specimens examined [syntypes] collected in Catamarca (El Suncho and Esquina Grande), Argentina. Forster (1964) proposed a new combination transferring Epinephele imbrialis Weeks, 1901 to Megisto Hübner, [1819]. According to Forster (op. cit.), Euptychia biocellata Godman, 1905 and Euptychia subandina Jörgensen, 1935 are synonyms of Megisto imbrialis . Lamas (1996) transferred it to Pampasatyrus .</p><p>Diagnosis. The chromatic pattern on the dorsal face of wing of Stegosatyrus imbrialis n. comb. resembles Pampasatyrus gyrtone, being easily distinguished by HWV, by the absence of ocelli and presence of two light bands, one on the discal region between Rs-2A and other in the marginal region. Together with these characteristics, S. imbrialis n. comb. differs from the other species of the genus by the third segment of labial palp being longer than the first segment, and posterior portion of aedeagus is bipartite.</p><p>Redescription. MALE (Figs 1–2, 17, 20, 23–30, 32). Head (Figs 17, 20): Antenna light brown with 34 flagellomeres; frons with a tuft of small and elongated light brown scales; labial palp with elongated black and white or light brown scales on the ventral face, third segment with a pointed apex, larger than the first segment. Thorax: with dark brown scales and a few elongated medium brown scales, prothoracic leg with femur and tibia of same length and tarsus 2/3 the length of tibia. Abdomen: dorso-laterally dark brown and ventrally light brown. Wings (Figs 1–2, 32): dorsally dark brown; ventral face light brown. FW (length: 17–19 mm): external margin with dark brown fringes; R1 appears on the discal cell, before dcs vein; sub-marginal region with a double black ocellus between R5-M3 externally ringed with a yellow line and two white pupils; ventrally, marginal region with slight dark brown line between R4-2A, parallel to the margin, that connects with discal line surrounding the ocellus at R4-CuA2 up to the discal region. HW: external margin without indentations, but with fringes similar to the FW; dorsal face with ocellus between CuA1-CuA2; ventral face with a lighter band in the discal region and the other band in the marginal region between Rs-2A; lighter from the base of the wing base to the inner margin; sub-basal region with dark brown line between Sc+R1 and 2A. Genitalia (Figs 23–30): tegumen with pronounced median concavity in the anterior portion; ventral arms of tegumen straight with posterior dilatation in the median region; appendix angular reduced and curved; saccus elongated with 2/3 the length of gnathos; apex of valvae with little crenulation; aedeagus slightly longer than the valvae and thin, with anterior portion lanceolate and posterior portion dorsally bipartite.</p><p>FEMALE (Figs 3–4, 31). Similar to male. Genitalia (Fig. 31): Papillae anales of same length as tergite VIII; sternite VIII separated from tergite VIII; lamella antevaginalis sclerotized; ductus bursae sclerotized; signa 1/3 the length of bursa copulatrix.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 84). Occurs in Bolivia (Cochabamba) and Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán and Catamarca), between 800–2,100 meters. Flies in January, February, April, May, July (probably also in March and June).</p><p>Host plant. Poaceae (Hayward 1960, 1969).</p><p>Examined material. BOLIVIA, Cochabamba: Via Cochabamba (El Fuerte), 2,000m, 13, 27.VIII.2000, Wojtusiak leg. (DZ 21.563); Santa Cruz: Samaipata (El Fuerte), 2,000m, 73 and 2Ƥ, 27.VIII.2000, T. Pyrcz &amp; J. Wojtusiak leg. (MZUJ, DZUP 21.423); ARGENTINA, Catamarca: Singuil, 2,100m, 33, without date, without collector (MLPA); Tucumán: 13, V.1947, Breyer leg. (DZ 21.332), San Javier, 1,200m, 1 without abdomen 20.I.1970, Mielke leg. (DZ 21.563), 53, without date, without collector (MLPA 025/1178, MLPA 025/1180, MLPA 025/1183, MLPA 025/1190, MLPA 025/1192), Racó 43, without date, without collector (MLPA 025/1179, MLPA 025/1184, MLPA 025/1185, MLPA 025/1187), Villa Nougues 13 21.I.1931, without collector (MLPA 025/ 1194), Salta: 3 without abdomen, 14.IV.1969, Heimlich leg. (DZ 24.912, DZ 21.570, DZ 21.577), 800m, 13, 5.VI.1933, without collector (MLPA 025/1176), Valderramas 23, XII.1935, without collector (MLPA 025/1177, MLPA 025/1181), Jujuy: Zapla, 13, without date, without collector (MLPA 025/1186), 13, 10.1939, without collector (MLPA 025/1188).</p><p>Male lectotype: E. imbrialis A. G. Weeks Jr, Bolívia / Alezuni, Bolívia, Aug. 8, 1899, Coll. A. G. Weeks, Jr./ type / 160/ 7758/ Lectotypus / Epinephele imbrialis Weeks, 1901, Zacca, Mielke &amp; Pyrcz det. 2013.</p><p>Remarks. The lectotype designation was based on the photograph of the male syntype of Epinephele imbrialis deposited in The British Museum of National History (BMNH), available on the website “Butterflies of America ” (http://butterfliesofamerica.com/L/ Nymphalidae .htm). The remaining specimens (syntypes) are designated paralectotypes. This will prevent any future confusion regarding the identity of this taxon, and will thus maintain taxonomic stability as recommended by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999: 83) in their Code (Recommendation 74A).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/874187CE027AFFF6A2DAF98AFDF75519	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zacca, Thamara;Mielke, Olaf H. H.;Pyrcz, Tomasz W.;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Freitas, André V. L.;Boyer, Pierre	Zacca, Thamara, Mielke, Olaf H. H., Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Casagrande, Mirna M., Freitas, André V. L., Boyer, Pierre (2013): Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 3682 (2): 331-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7
874187CE027FFFF9A2DAFB27FEB75289.text	874187CE027FFFF9A2DAFB27FEB75289.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stegosatyrus ocelloides (Schaus 1902) Schaus 1902	<div><p>Stegosatyrus ocelloides (Schaus, 1902), n. comb.</p><p>(Figs 5–8, 18, 21, 33–46, 84)</p><p>Euptychia ocelloides Schaus, 1902: 387; Mielke 1994: 772; Kochalka et al. 1996: 212; Teston &amp; Corseuil 2002: 86, 119. Megisto ocelloides; Brown &amp; Mielke 1967: 92; Iserhard &amp; Romanowski 2004: 653.</p><p>Pampasatyrus ocelloides; Lamas &amp; Viloria 2004: 217; Emery et al. 2006: 90; Teston &amp; Corseuil 2008: 47; Iserhard et al. 2010: 312; Dolibaina et al. 2011: 349; Santos et al. 2011: 272.</p><p>Type locality. Brazil, Paraná, Castro.</p><p>Taxonomic history. Schaus (1902) described Euptychia ocelloides based on two syntypes, a male and a female, from the type locality. Brown &amp; Mielke (1967) and Iserhard &amp; Romanowski (2004) indicate this species as belonging to Megisto . Lamas &amp; Viloria (2004) transfer the species to Pampasatyrus and, since then, this classification is followed by several authors.</p><p>Diagnosis. Among the species with similar color pattern, Stegosatyrus ocelloides n. comb. is easily distinguished from Megisto cymela (Cramer, 1777) by the irregular discal line on the forewing, the absence of an ocellus between M3-CuA1 and the thick and crenulated marginal line on the hindwing. Unlike M. cymela, the Stegosatyrus ocelloides n. comb appendix angular is small, the anterior projection of the saccus is longer than the tegumen, and the uncus does not have a down-curved apex.</p><p>Redescription. MALE (Figs 5–6, 18, 21, 33, 35, 37–44). Head (Figs 18, 21): Antenna light brown with 31 flagellomeres; frons with small white scales near the border of the eyes; labial palpi with elongated white and black scales on ventral face, third segment digitiform with same length of first segment. Thorax (Fig. 35): tegulum with long, medium brown and white scales; prothoracic leg with coxae of same length as trochanter + femur + tibia + tarsus, femur more developed than tibia, tarsus same length of tibia. Abdomen: medium brown; sternite VIII rectangular. Wings (Figs 5–6, 33): light brown. FW (length: 13–16 mm): external margin with light brown fringes; sub-marginal region with a black ocellus between R5-M2 externally ringed with light brown line and two nacreous pupils; marginal region with dark brown line between R4-2A, parallel to margin; sub-marginal region with dark brown line rounding the R4-CuA2 ocellus; Rs of same length as dci vein; R1 arises at dcs vein base; similar ventral view. HW: external margin without indentations, but with fringes similar to the FW; a black ocellus between CuA1- CuA2; marginal region with irregular dark brown line between R1-2A; sub-marginal region with irregular dark line between M1-CuA2; ventrally face similar to dorsal face, differing in the presence of an ocellus between M1-M2 and another small one between CuA2-2A, irregular dark brown discal line parallel to margin between R1 and tornus. Genitalia (Figs 37–44): tegumen with a pronounced median concavity in the proximal portion; ventral arm of tegumen angulated; appendix angular reduced; anterior projection of saccus of same length as gnathos; valvae without crenulation at apex; aedeagus approximately one and one half times longer than tegumen + uncus, narrow and with proximal portion lanceolate.</p><p>FEMALE (Figs 7–8, 34, 36, 45–46). Similar to male. Head: Antenna with 32 flagellomeres. Thorax (Fig. 36): prothoracic tibia about 2/3 the length of femur. Genitalia (Figs 45–46): Papillae anales 2/3 the length of tergite VIII; sternite VIII separated from tergite VIII; lamella antevaginalis sclerotized; ductus bursae with basal half sclerotized; signa 1/3 to 1/2 the length of bursa.</p><p>Variation. Some individuals can present a small black ocellus on the HWV, between M2-M3.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 84). Occurs in the south-west region of Paraguay (Hernandarias and Caaguazú) and the midwest, south and southeast regions of Brazil, from sea level to 1,500m. Flies throughout the year.</p><p>Host plants. Unknown.</p><p>Examined material. PARAGUAY, Hernandarias: 10Km ao norte de Hernandarias 250m, 103e 4Ƥ, 21.I.1980, O.– C. Mielke &amp; Miers leg. (DZ 24.891, DZ 24.892, DZ 24.907, DZ 24.908, DZ 24.909, DZ 24.911); Caaguazú: 100 Km a oeste de Puerto Stroessner [Cidade del Este], 13, 14.I.1982, O.-C. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.910); BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Rio Brilhante, 13, 21.X.1970, V. O. Becker leg. (DZ 24.871); Mato Grosso: Barra do Garças (São Félix), 1Ƥ, 25.VII.1968, Claudionor Elias leg. (DZ 24.872), 180km oeste de Barra do Garças (São Félix), 550m, 13, 25.VII.1968, Mielke &amp; Brown leg. (DZ 24.873), Buriti (Chapada dos Guimarães), 600m, 33 and 1Ƥ, 26.VI.1972, Mielke &amp; Brown leg. (DZ 24.877, DZ 24.878, DZ 24.879, DZ 24.880), Diamantino, Alto Rio Arinos (Fazenda São João), 300–400m, 33, 22.I.1978, Mielke &amp; Furtado leg. (DZ 24.881, DZ 24.882, DZ 24.889),13 06.IX.1978, Mielke &amp; Furtado leg. (DZ 24.887), 1Ƥ, 22.I.1974, Furtado leg. (DZ 24.884), 13, 7.IX.1979, Furtado leg. (DZ 24.883), 13 and 1Ƥ, 23.I.1978, Furtado leg. (DZ 24.888, DZ 24.890); Goiás: Cristalina, 1 without abdomen 24.I.1976, without collector (DZ 24.870); Distrito Federal: 1,000m, 13, 12.III.1968, K. Ebert leg. (DZ 24.848), Fazenda Água Limpa, 13, 7.IX.1976, Gifford leg. (DZ 24.847); Mata do Brasília Country Club, 13, 2.II.1967, without collector (DZ 24.849), 23, 19.VI.1972, Mielke &amp; Brown leg. (DZ 24.851, DZ 24.852), Zoológico, 13, 19.VI.1972, Mielke &amp; Brown leg. (DZ 24.853); Minas Gerais: Barbacena, (Serra da Mantiqueira), 1,100m, 23 and 1 without abdomen, 29.VIII.1951, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.773, DZ 24.800, DZ 24.831), 1Ƥ, III.1955, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.779), 1 without abdomen, 63 and 2Ƥ, 12.VIII.1952, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.781, DZ 24.791, DZ 24.809, DZ 24.782, DZ 24.822, DZ 24.823, DZ 24.828, DZ 24.829, DZ 24.839), 23 and 2 without abdomen, 13.VIII.1952, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.787, DZ 24.812, DZ 24.819, DZ 24.832), 13, 21.X.1952, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.810), 23 and 1 without abdomen, 23.VIII.1952, H. Ebert leg. (DZ 24.813, DZ 24.817, DZ 24.818), 13, 21.VIII.1954, H. Ebert leg. (DZ 24.837), 13, 29.VIII.1954, H. Ebert leg. (DZ 24.838); Monte Alegre, 750m, 23, 14.V.1969, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.777, DZ 24.778), 200m, 13, 14.V.1969, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.780), 13 and 1Ƥ, 21.VII.1974, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.801, DZ 24.802), 750m, 13, 21.III.1974, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.830); Ouro Branco, 1,050m, 2 without abdomen and 23, 08.III.1954, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.783, DZ 24.788, DZ 24.827, DZ 24.833); Itumirim, 900m, 23, 07.II.1964, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.793, DZ 24.797), Poços de Caldas, 1,250m, 1Ƥ, 28.V.1967, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.799); Corinto, 23, 10.X.1979, C. Elias leg. (DZ 24.803, DZ 24.807), Catas Altas (Caraçá), 1,500m, 23, 01–05.II.1985, Mielke &amp; Casagrande leg. (DZ 24.808, DZ 24.811); Conceição de Mato Dentro (Serra do Cipó), 1,000–1,300m, 13, 30.I.1985, Mielke &amp; Casagrande leg. (DZ 24.821), Santana do Riacho, 1,300m, 43, 25–26.X.2003, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.840, DZ 24.841, DZ 24.842, DZ 24.843); São Paulo: (Serra da Bocaína), 1,750m, 23 and 2Ƥ, 5.III.1964, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.756, DZ 24.757, DZ 24.769, DZ 24.771), 33, 2.III.1966, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.759, DZ 24.768, DZ 24.770), Itirapina, 250m, 13, 15.VIII.1966, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.758), 750m, 1Ƥ and 13, 01.V.1966, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.760, DZ 24.762), 13, 18.VIII.1968, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.763), 13 10.XI.1963, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.767), 1Ƥ, 9.VI.1966, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.789), Campo Alegre (Brotas), 750m, 13, 13.I.1963, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.761), 1Ƥ, 03.V.1964, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.790), Lins (Boa Sorte), 1Ƥ, 8.VI.1941, Goro Hashimoto leg. (DZ 24.772); Paraná: Ponta Grossa ( Vila Velha), 13, 1.I.1967, without collector (DZ 24.716), 1Ƥ 20.XI.1966, Moure, Marinoni &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.718), 1,000m, 63 and 1Ƥ, 2.III.1967, Mielke &amp; Tangerini leg. (DZ 24.732, DZ 24.735, DZ 24.736, DZ 24.737, DZ 24.738, DZ 24.748), 13, 8.XII.1967, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.742); 23 and 1Ƥ, 6.II.1968, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.733, DZ 24.743, DZ 24.744), Curitiba, 900m, 53, 14.III.1972, O. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.717, DZ 24.719, DZ 24.720, DZ 24.722, DZ 24.724), 1Ƥ 17.II.1968, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.741), Jaguaraíva, 23 17.XI.1976, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.721, DZ 24.726), Castro, 1,000m, 13 and 1Ƥ, 26.I.1972, Mielke &amp; Tangerini leg. (DZ 24.723, DZ 24.725), 10km ao norte de Castro, 1Ƥ, 20.XII.1977, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.745), Rio Negro, 800m, 13 and 1Ƥ, 25.II.1968, Moure &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.727, DZ 24.728), Colombo, 2Ƥ, 3.XII.1970, Mielke &amp; Lauterjung leg. (DZ 24.729, DZ 24.730), Palmeiras (Papagaios Velhos), 1Ƥ, 20.XI.1966, Moure, Marinoni &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.731), Guarapuava, 13, II.1972, Schneider leg. (DZ 24.734), 23, I.1972, Schneider leg. (DZ 24.753, DZ 24.754), 9km ao norte de Guarapuava, 13 and 1Ƥ, 3.II.1976, Mielke &amp; Buzzi leg. (DZ 24.750, DZ 24.752), Morretes (Pilão de Pedra), 13, 18.II.1982, Mielke &amp; Casagrande leg. (DZ 24.747), Palmas, 1,100m, 1Ƥ, 06.XI.1976, Mielke &amp; Buzzi leg. (DZ 24.751); Santa Catarina: Lages, 950m, 23 6–8.II.1973, H. &amp; D. Ebert leg. (DZ 24.858, DZ 24.862), (Rio Lavatudo, estr. Lages-São Joaquim), 1,000m, 23 23.II.1973, O. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.857, DZ 24.859), 13 24.II.1973, O. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.860), Campo Alegre (Serra do Quiriri), 1,300m, 13, 14.XI.2009, O. Mielke, E. Carneiro &amp; G. Melo leg. (DZ 24.861), Curitibanos, 1 without abdomen and 13, 22–23.I.1933, without collector (DZ 24.867, DZ 24.868), Ponte Alta do Norte (Mijolinho), 860m, 23, 02.II.1973, Mielke &amp; Sakakibara leg. (DZ 24.863, DZ 24.869), Santa Cecília, 1,200m, 13, 11.III.2001, A. Moser leg. (MZUJ); Rio Grande do Sul: São Francisco de Paula (Serra Geral), 850–900m, 1Ƥ, 1.V.2012, T. Pyrcz leg. (MZUJ).</p><p>Male lectotype: LECTOTYPE / Castro, Paraná/ Collection W. Schaus/ 3 genitalia, slide. XI-6-1940, W. D. F. # 320/ Euptychia ocelloides Schaus / Type No. 5869 U. S. N. M/ Euptychia ocelloides Schaus, 1902, Zacca, Mielke &amp; Pyrcz det. 2013.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/874187CE027FFFF9A2DAFB27FEB75289	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zacca, Thamara;Mielke, Olaf H. H.;Pyrcz, Tomasz W.;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Freitas, André V. L.;Boyer, Pierre	Zacca, Thamara, Mielke, Olaf H. H., Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Casagrande, Mirna M., Freitas, André V. L., Boyer, Pierre (2013): Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 3682 (2): 331-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7
874187CE0270FFFCA2DAFC57FC0F533A.text	874187CE0270FFFCA2DAFC57FC0F533A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stegosatyrus periphas	<div><p>Stegosatyrus periphas (Godart, [1824]) n. comb.</p><p>(Figs 9–12, 19, 22, 47–60, 65–83, 84)</p><p>Satyrus periphas Godart, [1824]: 465, 495.</p><p>Neonympha periphas (Godart); Westwood, 1851: 375.</p><p>Euptychia periphas (Godart); Butler, 1867: 465, pl.12, fig. 16; Weymer 1910: 202; Giacomelli 1928: 686 –687; Gaede 1931: 236; Hayward 1958: 228; Biezanko 1960a: 5; Biezanko 1960b: 4; Mielke 1994: 773; Kochalka et al. 1996: 212; Teston &amp; Corseuil 2002: 86, 120; Krüger &amp; Silva 2003: 40.</p><p>Euptychia periphas var. ocellata; Giacomelli 1928: 686 –687; Gaede 1931: 236 (as syn. of E. periphas); Heimlich 1972: 165.</p><p>Pampasatyrus periphas (Godart); Cannals 2003: 365; Lamas &amp; Viloria 2004: 217; Marchiori &amp; Romanowski 2006a: 447; Marchiori &amp; Romanowski 2006b: 1032; Núñez-Bustos 2007: 300; Núñez-Bustos 2008: 442; Teston &amp; Corseuil 2008: 47; Betancur-Viglione 2009: 35; Núñez-Bustos 2009: 287; Iserhard et al. 2010: 312; Siewert et al. 2010: 82; Dolibaina et al. 2011: 349; Santos et al. 2011: 272.</p><p>Pampasatyrus peryphas [sic]; Paz et al. 2008: 145.</p><p>Type locality. Brazil.</p><p>Taxonomic history. Godart [1824] described Satyrus periphas based on a single specimen [holotype] from Brazil, bearing no specific locality data. Westwood (1851) treats it as belonging to Neonympha Hübner, 1818, based on adult morphological characters. Later, it is considered as a species of Euptychia by Butler (1867). Giacomelli (1928) described the variation ocellata based on specimens from Cosquin, Argentina. Lamas &amp; Viloria (2004) transfer this species to Pampasatyrus and this classification is followed since then by several authors.</p><p>Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from Stegosatyrus ocelloides n. comb. by the larger size. The ocelli on ventral face of wings of S. periphas n. comb. are smaller than those of S. ocelloides n. comb. . On the ventral face of FW, the discal line is straight and joins with sub-marginal line close to 2A, whereas in S. ocelloides n. comb. it is irregular and joins with CuA2. On the ventral face of HW, the discal line of S. periphas n. comb. is straight and the marginal line is thinner than in S. ocelloides n. comb. .</p><p>Redescription. MALE (Figs 9–10, 19, 22, 47–60, 78–83). Head (Figs 19, 22, 78–79, 82–83): Antenna light brown with 33 flagellomeres; frons with a tuft of elongated medium brown scales; labial palp with elongated white and black scales on ventral face, third segment thin with a pointed apex, a little longer than first segment. Thorax (Figs 49, 80–81): with thin and elongated medium brown scales; prothoracic leg with coxae a little longer than total length of the others segments, femur more developed than tibia, tarsus the same length of tibia and with a pointed apex. Abdomen: dorso-laterally dark brown and ventrally light brown. Wings (Figs 9–10, 47): dorsally medium brown and ventrally light brown. FW (length: 16–19 mm): external margin with medium brown fringes; Rs with length equal to dcs + dcm +dci; R1 arises in discal cell, before dcs vein; R2 and R3 start together in R as a single vein and then branch out; sub-marginal region with a black ocellus between M1-M3 externally surrounded with a yellow line and with a small nacreous pupil; ventral face with thin dark brown sub-marginal line between R4-2A, parallel to external margin, joining the discal line and surrounding the ocellus. HW: external margin with slight indentations and with fringes similar to those of FW; a black ocellus between CuA1-CuA2 and another small one between CuA2-2A; ventral face with black ocelli between M1-M2, CuA1-CuA2 and another smaller one between CuA2-2A, two small nacreous pupils between M2-M3 and M3-CuA1, discal line straight and joining sub-marginal line at tornus. Genitalia (Figs 51–58): tegumen with median concavity at the proximal portion; ventral arm of tegumen straight and dilated at the middle portion; appendix angular reduced; anterior projection of saccus 2/3 the length of gnathos; apex of valva slightly crenulated; aedeagus thin with proximal portion lanceolate, a little longer than the valva.</p><p>FEMALE (Figs 11–12, 48, 50, 59–60). Similar to male. Head: Antenna with 35 flagellomeres. Thorax (Fig. 50): prothoracic tibia a little smaller than femur. Wings (Figs 11–12, 48): FW (length: 15–20 mm): R2 arises very close to dcs vein. Genitalia (Figs 59–60): Papillae anales a little longer than length of tergite VIII; sternite VIII fused with tergite VIII; lamella antevaginalis sclerotized; ductus bursae membranous; signa 2/3 the length of bursa.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 84). Occurs in south Brazil (states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and in Argentina (being doubtful occurrence in Tucumán and Cósquin), from sea level to 1,400m. Flies throughout the year.</p><p>Host plants. Gramineae, Poa annua (Varga, 1997; L. A. Kaminski, pers. comm.).</p><p>Oviposition and eggs (Figs 65–70, 72). Eggs laid individually. Spherical eggs, without ornamentations, light yellow during the first few days, passing to cream with broad reddish bands and with a reddish spot in the micropilar area close to eclosion. Before hatching, the egg becomes translucent and it is possible to see the larvae. Height: 1.04 mm. Width: 1.04 mm (n=24). Duration: 10–15 days.</p><p>First instar (Figs 71, 73–77). Head capsule width 0.5 mm; height 0.8 mm; head scoli 0.1 mm (n = 10). Head capsule black, reticulate, with enlarged chalazae; bearing a pair of short scoli in the vertex. Third stemma larger than the other five stemmata. Body cream colored, smooth, with orange longitudinal stripes; caudal filaments very short. Setae dark, short, several dorsal and subdorsal clubbed at the tip. Legs and prolegs cream colored; abdominal spiracle globose. Larval length: 1.8 – 2.0 mm (n = 10/ DZUPIL 0122).</p><p>Examined material. BRAZIL, Paraná: Ponta Grossa ( Vila Velha) 13, 2.III.1962, without collector (DZ 24.624), 13, 8.XII.1967, Mielke &amp; Moure leg. (DZ 24.627), 1Ƥ 14.X.1967, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.632), 53, 1.V.1966, Mielke &amp; Larroca leg. (DZ 24.634, DZ 24.653, DZ 24.654, DZ 24.656, DZ 24.668), 1,000m, 13, 26.IX.1966, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.635), 1,000m, 33, 2.III.1967, Mielke &amp; Tangerini leg. (DZ 24.648, DZ 24.649, DZ 24.669), 23, 20.XI.1966, Moure, Marinoni &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.657, DZ 24.662), 13, 16.III.1972, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.666), 33 and 1Ƥ, 3.VII.2002, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.678, DZ 24.679, DZ 24.680, DZ 24.683), Colombo 63, 3.XII.1970, Mielke &amp; Lauterjung leg. (DZ 24.626, DZ 24.628, DZ 24.629, DZ 24.630, DZ 24.631, DZ 24.645), 900m, 33, 3.III, Lauterjung leg. (DZ 5.591, DZ 24.652, DZ 24.663), Palmeiras (Papagaios Velhos) 2Ƥ, 20.XI.1966, Moure, Marinoni &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.633, DZ 24.636), Castro, 1,000m, 13 and 2Ƥ, 25.I.1972, Mielke &amp; Tangerini leg. (DZ 24.639, 24.640, DZ 24.667), 1Ƥ, 26.I.1972, Mielke &amp; Tangerini leg. (DZ 24.655), Rio Negro, 800m, 13 25.II.1968, Moure &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.644), Alto Amparo 13 and 1Ƥ, 25.IX.1966, Moure &amp; Mielke leg. (DZ 24.647, DZ 24.651), 43, 1.VI.1967, O.-E. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.638, DZ 24.646, DZ 24.650, DZ 24.658), 23 and 1Ƥ, 8.X.1967, Moure leg. (DZ 24.641, DZ 24.642, DZ 24.643), 1Ƥ, 14.III.1972, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.665), 13, 31.VIII.1983, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.673), 13, 28.I.1968, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.676); Santa Catarina: Curitibanos 13, 22.XII.1952, without collector (DZ 24.688), 23 and 1Ƥ, 22.II.1973, without collector (DZ 24.691, DZ 24.692, DZ 24.693), 13 22–23.II.1973, without collector (DZ 24.696), São Joaquim, 33, 1–12.II.1973, without collector (DZ 24.686, DZ 24.687, DZ 24.699), 13, without date, without collector (DZ 24.695), 1,400m, 23 and 1Ƥ, 23.II.1973, O. H. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.695, DZ 24.697, DZ 24.698), 1,250m, 13, 24.II.1973, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.702), Pericó, 1,320m, 13, 25.II.1963, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.703), São Bento do Sul, 860m, 13, 5.XII.1969, Ebert leg. (DZ24.689), Lages, 900m, 23, 26.II.1966, Ebert leg. (DZ 24.690, DZ 24.700), Lages (Painel), 1,000m, 23, 23.II.1973, O. H. Mielke leg. (DZ 24.701, DZ 24.704), (Rio Lavatudo, estrada entre Lages- São Joaquim), 1,000m, 13, 23.II.1973, Mielke leg. (DZ 24.705); Rio Grande do Sul: Guarani 13, 7.III.1932, Biezanko leg. (DZ 24.713); Pelotas 1Ƥ, 30.III.1964, Biezanko leg. (DZ 24.706), 13, 24.II.1966, Biezanko leg. (DZ 24.709), 13, 26.II.1966, Biezanko leg. (DZ 24.712), 1 sem abdome, 23 and 1Ƥ 23.III.1972, Biezanko leg. (DZ 24.707, DZ 24.708, DZ 24.710, DZ 24.711). ARGENTINA, Tucuman: 13, without date, ex. coll. E. May (MNRJ 24.433); Cósquin: 13, V.1947, without collector (DZ 24.715).</p><p>Neotype, male: Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil, 900m, 3.III.2002, Mielke leg. / DZ 24.680/ Neotypus / Satyrus periphas Godart, [1824], Zacca, Mielke &amp; Pyrcz det. 2013.</p><p>Remarks. After examining specimens in the collection of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris and consulting Dr. Lamas (Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru), we concluded that the holotype is lost. Therefore, a neotype of Satyrus periphas is hereby designated to clarify the taxonomic status of the species and for nomenclatural stability.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/874187CE0270FFFCA2DAFC57FC0F533A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zacca, Thamara;Mielke, Olaf H. H.;Pyrcz, Tomasz W.;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Freitas, André V. L.;Boyer, Pierre	Zacca, Thamara, Mielke, Olaf H. H., Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Casagrande, Mirna M., Freitas, André V. L., Boyer, Pierre (2013): Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 3682 (2): 331-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7
874187CE0275FFFFA2DAFDCCFF0B57C5.text	874187CE0275FFFFA2DAFDCCFF0B57C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stegosastyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer & Zacca	<div><p>Stegosastyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer &amp; Zacca, n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 13–16, 61–64, 84)</p><p>Type locality. Peru, department of Puno, Carcel Punco.</p><p>Diagnosis. Easily differentiated from S. imbrialis n. comb. by the smaller, single ocellus on the dorsal face of the forewing.</p><p>Description. MALE (Figs 13–14, 61–63). Head: Antenna dark brown dorsally with white scales at the base of each segment, chocolate brown ventrally with white scales, club twice as wide as shaft, same color but without scales; frons with a tuft of light grey brown hair; labial palpi covered with dark brown hair; eyes chocolate brown, smooth. Thorax: dorsally dark brown, ventrally pale brown, hairy; legs pale yellowish brown. Abdomen: dorsally dark brown, laterally and ventrally pale brown. Wings: FW (length: 18.5mm): triangular with a sub-pointed apex; dorsally varying between fallow brown and chestnut, with two dark brown postdiscal and submarginal irregular lines (not apparent in some specimens), nearly touching each other in the tornal area, and gradually fainting towards the wings' subapical area; a single rounded black subapical ocellus between M1-M2, ringed with yellow and pupilated with lilac; in some specimens, with a minute lilac spot between M2-M3; a regular dark brown marginal line running parallel to a dark brown outer margin; fringes chestnut; ventrally, the FW is a shade lighter fallow brown or chestnut than on the upperside, subapical and apical area suffused with ashy scales; in some specimens, a faint irregular brown postbasal line, along with a dark brown straight postdiscal line running from subcosta to tornus where they merge with a dark brown submarginal line also extending to the subcosta; two fine, parallel dark brown marginal lines; a large rounded subapical black ocellus between M1-M2 with two minute lilac pupils, ringed with yellow, and with a minute lilac spot on its lower section. HW: dorsally chestnut, hairy on basal third, a small black submarginal ocellus between CuA1-CuA2 with a minute double lilac pupil, ringed with yellow; a fine, dark brown submarginal line parallel to outer margin, and a slightly more prominent dark brown marginal line; fringes medium brown; ventrally, the HW is fallow brown heavily overcast with ashy grey, in some specimens liberally speckled with brown; a medium brown, faint and regular postbasal line from costa to base of CuA2 vein, in some specimens not apparent; a nearly straight, except for a small incision along M3, postdiscal dark brown line from Rs to anal margin near tornus, faint in some specimens, the area basal to this line more markedly brown due to the lighter suffusion of grey than on the rest of the wing; in three out of four specimens, a small black submarginal ocellus between M1-M2 ringed with yellow, and another, similar ocellus between CuA1-CuA2 with a double, minute lilac pupil; a series of fine medium brown submarginal and marginal lines, shaped as on the upperside. Genitalia: tegumen robust with a straight dorsal surface; uncus robust, 1½ times the length of tegumen with a blunt apex; gnathos thin, elongated, approximately the length of uncus, curved upwards, with a pointed apex; appendix angular small with a curved tip; saccus short, approximately ½ the length of gnathos; valva elongated, gradually narrowing apically, with a smooth dorsal surface, and a lightly crenulated apex; aedeagus slightly longer than valva and narrow, with anterior portion lanceolate and the dorsal posterior portion split.</p><p>FEMALE (Figs 15–16, 64): Slightly larger than the male, with more rounded wings, forewing apex blunt; a shade lighter chestnut on the upperside and considerably lighter and paler on the underside, especially on the hindwing whose chestnut ground color is almost entirely overcast with light grey scaling, postbasal line barely noticeable, postdiscal line faint, and submarginal ocelli smaller; brown submarginal line not apparent. Genitalia (Fig. 64): Papillae anales 2/3 the length of tergite VIII; sternite VIII separated from tergite VIII; lamella antevaginalis sclerotized; ductus bursae weakly sclerotized; bursa copulatrix oval, signa 2/5 the length of bursa.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 84). So far, known exclusively from the type locality, Carcel Punco in southern Peru. It possibly occurs farther south to Yungas de La Paz. It was collected at a very high elevation, approximately 3,000 m.</p><p>Host plant. Unknown</p><p>Examined material. Male Holotype with the following labels: Holotypus / PERU, Puno: Limbani vers Carcel Punco km 4, 3000m, 16.X.2004, P. Boyer leg, PB/ (MZUJ)/ Stegosatyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer &amp; Zacca det. 2013. Alotype with the following labels: Allotypus / PERU, Puno: Limbani vers Carcel Punco km 4, 3000m, 16.X.2004, P. Boyer leg, PB/ (MZUJ)/ Stegosatyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer &amp; Zacca det. 2013. Paratypes with the following labels: 33 Paratypus / PERU, Puno: Limbani vers Carcel Punco km 4, 3500m, 16.X.2004, P. Boyer leg, PB/ (MZUJ)/ Stegosatyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer &amp; Zacca det. 2013; 13 Paratypus / PERU, Puno: Limbani vers Carcel Punco km 4, 3000m, 16.X.2004, J. Bottger leg/ (MZUJ)/ Stegosatyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer &amp; Zacca det. 2013.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/874187CE0275FFFFA2DAFDCCFF0B57C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zacca, Thamara;Mielke, Olaf H. H.;Pyrcz, Tomasz W.;Casagrande, Mirna M.;Freitas, André V. L.;Boyer, Pierre	Zacca, Thamara, Mielke, Olaf H. H., Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Casagrande, Mirna M., Freitas, André V. L., Boyer, Pierre (2013): Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 3682 (2): 331-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7
