taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
877A7251CC58DE25FE9B26E0D2041A96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC58DE25FE9B26E0D2041A96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC58DE25FE9B26E0D2041A96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC58DE25FE9B26E0D2041A96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC58DE25FE9B26E0D2041A96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC5DDE20FE3524D9D3C2191B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC5DDE20FE3524D9D3C2191B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC5FDE2FFE67212CD0CA189C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC5FDE2FFE67212CD0CA189C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC5FDE2FFE67212CD0CA189C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC5FDE2FFE67212CD0CA189C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228875/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228875	Figure 20. Porella acutirostris Smitt, 1868. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.62; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.64; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.63; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.65. (A) Immature zooids; (B) group of non-ovicellate zooids; (C) enlargement of orifice and suboral avicularium; (D) group of zooids with developing ovicells; (E) group of non-ovicellate zooids and zooids with umbonate ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1mm (C); 0.2 mm (F).	Figure 20. Porella acutirostris Smitt, 1868. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.62; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.64; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.63; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.65. (A) Immature zooids; (B) group of non-ovicellate zooids; (C) enlargement of orifice and suboral avicularium; (D) group of zooids with developing ovicells; (E) group of non-ovicellate zooids and zooids with umbonate ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1mm (C); 0.2 mm (F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC50DE2DFE562100D4861EDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC50DE2DFE562100D4861EDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC50DE2DFE562100D4861EDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228851/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228851	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC50DE2DFE562100D4861EDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC52DE2BFE0F2773D25919D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228851/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228851	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC54DE16FEA82276D3D81EBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC54DE16FEA82276D3D81EBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC54DE16FEA82276D3D81EBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC54DE16FEA82276D3D81EBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC54DE16FEA82276D3D81EBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC69DE14FEAE26ACD19D1E71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228855/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228855	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC69DE14FEAE26ACD19D1E71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC69DE14FEAE26ACD19D1E71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6BDE12FE5926E3D4B31F7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228857/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228857	Figure 11. Cauloramphus multispinosus n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.36; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.37; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.40. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) group of autozooids, unbleached; (C) close up of zooids showing details of distal erect spines and thin proximal spines strongly curved and arched over opesia, unbleached; (D) autozooids with variable form of proximal gymnocyst, bleached; (E) close up of zooids, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 11. Cauloramphus multispinosus n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.36; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.37; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.40. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) group of autozooids, unbleached; (C) close up of zooids showing details of distal erect spines and thin proximal spines strongly curved and arched over opesia, unbleached; (D) autozooids with variable form of proximal gymnocyst, bleached; (E) close up of zooids, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6BDE12FE5926E3D4B31F7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6DDE10FE1727EDD36219B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228859/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228859	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228865/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228865	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228855/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228855	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228863/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228863	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228867/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228867	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228893/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228893	Figure 29. Myriozoella plana (Dawson, 1859). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.79; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.81; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.82. (A) Differentiating zooids near colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with almost completed ovicell flanked distally by three vicarious avicularia; (E) mature zooids with deeply immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 29. Myriozoella plana (Dawson, 1859). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.79; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.81; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.82. (A) Differentiating zooids near colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with almost completed ovicell flanked distally by three vicarious avicularia; (E) mature zooids with deeply immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228887/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228887	Figure 26. Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar in Gontar 1982). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.84; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.83. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing condyles and suboral avicularium; (D) group of mature zooids with ovicells, showing variability in positions of oral avicularia; (E) mature zooids with three oral avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.1 mm (C).	Figure 26. Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar in Gontar 1982). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.84; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.83. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing condyles and suboral avicularium; (D) group of mature zooids with ovicells, showing variability in positions of oral avicularia; (E) mature zooids with three oral avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.1 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228899/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228899	Figure 32. Cryptosula zavjalovensis Kubanin, 1976. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.61; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) group of zooids, showing small and large orifices; (C) heavily calcified autozooids; (D) ancestrula and radially arranged periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C); 1 mm (D).	Figure 32. Cryptosula zavjalovensis Kubanin, 1976. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.61; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) group of zooids, showing small and large orifices; (C) heavily calcified autozooids; (D) ancestrula and radially arranged periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C); 1 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228851/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228851	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC61DE1CFEF521A7D2D7192B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC63DE1AFE142125D4821F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228865/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228865	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC63DE1AFE142125D4821F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC63DE1AFE142125D4821F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228901/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228901	Figure 33. Fenestrulina orientalis Liu, Liu, and Sun, 2003. (A–D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.11. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice with oral spines and ascopore; (D) mature zooids with completed hemispherical ovicells; (E) tatiform ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (F) modified ancestrula with acquired frontal shield, surrounded by periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 33. Fenestrulina orientalis Liu, Liu, and Sun, 2003. (A–D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.11. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice with oral spines and ascopore; (D) mature zooids with completed hemispherical ovicells; (E) tatiform ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (F) modified ancestrula with acquired frontal shield, surrounded by periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC63DE1AFE142125D4821F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228903/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228903	Figure 34. Microporella luellae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.94; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.93; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids with radially ribbed ovicells; (E) heavily calcified mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 34. Microporella luellae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.94; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.93; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids with radially ribbed ovicells; (E) heavily calcified mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC63DE1AFE142125D4821F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC63DE1AFE142125D4821F66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC65DE18FE1C27A5D3071F9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228867/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228867	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC65DE18FE1C27A5D3071F9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC65DE18FE1C27A5D3071F9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC65DE18FE1C27A5D3071F9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC65DE18FE1C27A5D3071F9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228867/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228867	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228879/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228879	Figure 22. Desmacystis sandalia (Robertson, 1900). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.59; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mature zooids showing transversely elongate vestigial ovicells and relatively smooth frontal walls; (D) mature zooids with frontal shields reinforced by radially arranged ridges of calcification. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 22. Desmacystis sandalia (Robertson, 1900). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.59; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mature zooids showing transversely elongate vestigial ovicells and relatively smooth frontal walls; (D) mature zooids with frontal shields reinforced by radially arranged ridges of calcification. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228881/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228881	Figure 23. Parasmittina avicularissima (Gontar, 1982). (A, H) NHM 2006.2.27.72; (B, C, F, G) NHM 2006.2.27.73; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.74. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids, showing oral spinescars, lyrula, and condyles; (C) immature zooids with lateral triangular avicularia; (D) autozooids with oval proximo-lateral avicularia and large frontal avicularium directed proximally; (E) autozooids with frontal avicularia directed distally; (F) zooids with developing and completed ovicells; (G) mature zooids with ovicells possessing single pore; (H) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C–H); 0.4 mm (B).	Figure 23. Parasmittina avicularissima (Gontar, 1982). (A, H) NHM 2006.2.27.72; (B, C, F, G) NHM 2006.2.27.73; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.74. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids, showing oral spinescars, lyrula, and condyles; (C) immature zooids with lateral triangular avicularia; (D) autozooids with oval proximo-lateral avicularia and large frontal avicularium directed proximally; (E) autozooids with frontal avicularia directed distally; (F) zooids with developing and completed ovicells; (G) mature zooids with ovicells possessing single pore; (H) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C–H); 0.4 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228883/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228883	Figure 24. Raymondcia rigida (Lorenz, 1886). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.68; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.67; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.70. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids with developing ovicells; (D) umbonate mature zooids with ovicells covered by merging segments from adjacent zooids; (E) inflated mature zooids; (F) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 24. Raymondcia rigida (Lorenz, 1886). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.68; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.67; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.70. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids with developing ovicells; (D) umbonate mature zooids with ovicells covered by merging segments from adjacent zooids; (E) inflated mature zooids; (F) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228885/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228885	Figure 25. Raymondcia klugei (Gontar, 1982). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.66; (B) NHM2006.2.27.6; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.8; (E) ZIRAS 2/44556; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.7. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mucronate autozooids, lateral view; (D) distolateral view of autozooids showing suboral avicularia tilted inside; (E) autozooids, paratype specimen; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, E, F); 0.4 mm (B–D).	Figure 25. Raymondcia klugei (Gontar, 1982). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.66; (B) NHM2006.2.27.6; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.8; (E) ZIRAS 2/44556; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.7. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mucronate autozooids, lateral view; (D) distolateral view of autozooids showing suboral avicularia tilted inside; (E) autozooids, paratype specimen; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, E, F); 0.4 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228851/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228851	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228887/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228887	Figure 26. Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar in Gontar 1982). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.84; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.83. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing condyles and suboral avicularium; (D) group of mature zooids with ovicells, showing variability in positions of oral avicularia; (E) mature zooids with three oral avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.1 mm (C).	Figure 26. Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar in Gontar 1982). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.84; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.83. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing condyles and suboral avicularium; (D) group of mature zooids with ovicells, showing variability in positions of oral avicularia; (E) mature zooids with three oral avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.1 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228889/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228889	Figure 27. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. (A, D–G) NHM 2006.2.27.87; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.85; (H) NHM 2006.2.27.86. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) mature zooids with oral and frontal avicularia directed laterally and distally; (E) mature zooids, showing details of orifice and avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 27. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. (A, D–G) NHM 2006.2.27.87; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.85; (H) NHM 2006.2.27.86. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) mature zooids with oral and frontal avicularia directed laterally and distally; (E) mature zooids, showing details of orifice and avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC67DE06FE78204CD3E4190B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC79DE04FE7121E6D1801974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228869/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228869	Figure 17. Cribrilina annulata (Fabricius, 1780). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.50; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.51; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Zooids with developing secondary layer of dwarf zooids, from region nearly colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids densely covered with numerous ovicellate dwarf zooids; (D) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 17. Cribrilina annulata (Fabricius, 1780). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.50; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.51; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Zooids with developing secondary layer of dwarf zooids, from region nearly colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids densely covered with numerous ovicellate dwarf zooids; (D) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC79DE04FE7121E6D1801974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC79DE04FE7121E6D1801974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228913/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228913	Figure 39. Hippoporella kurilensis (Gontar, 1979). NHM 2006.2.27.103. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids near colony margin, one with hypertrophied suboral avicularium; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrular region covered with large adventitious avicularia. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D–F).	Figure 39. Hippoporella kurilensis (Gontar, 1979). NHM 2006.2.27.103. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids near colony margin, one with hypertrophied suboral avicularium; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrular region covered with large adventitious avicularia. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D–F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC79DE04FE7121E6D1801974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7BDE02FEE32257D2E71F0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228871/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228871	Figure 18. Integripelta novella Gordon, Mawatari, and Kajihara, 2002. NHM 2006.2.27.53. (A) General view of colony fragment; (B) immature zooids; (C) maternal zooids showing distal kenozooidal chambers possessing triangular, oval, and crescentic foramens; (D) close up of maternal zooids with foramen varying in size and form. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 18. Integripelta novella Gordon, Mawatari, and Kajihara, 2002. NHM 2006.2.27.53. (A) General view of colony fragment; (B) immature zooids; (C) maternal zooids showing distal kenozooidal chambers possessing triangular, oval, and crescentic foramens; (D) close up of maternal zooids with foramen varying in size and form. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7BDE02FEE32257D2E71F0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7DDE00FE0727E0D3591F2D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228873/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228873	Figure 19. Celleporella hyalina (L., 1767) species complex. (A, C–E) NHM 2006.2.27.57; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.55; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.54. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) autozooids in primary layer; (C, D) autozooids in primary layer (large orifices), frontally budded male zooids (small orifices), and frontally budded ovicellate zooids; (E) central colony region with predominance of ovicellate zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids with spiral budding pattern. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, F); 0.4 mm (D, E).	Figure 19. Celleporella hyalina (L., 1767) species complex. (A, C–E) NHM 2006.2.27.57; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.55; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.54. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) autozooids in primary layer; (C, D) autozooids in primary layer (large orifices), frontally budded male zooids (small orifices), and frontally budded ovicellate zooids; (E) central colony region with predominance of ovicellate zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids with spiral budding pattern. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, F); 0.4 mm (D, E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7FDE0EFE262780D46B19D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228875/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228875	Figure 20. Porella acutirostris Smitt, 1868. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.62; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.64; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.63; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.65. (A) Immature zooids; (B) group of non-ovicellate zooids; (C) enlargement of orifice and suboral avicularium; (D) group of zooids with developing ovicells; (E) group of non-ovicellate zooids and zooids with umbonate ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1mm (C); 0.2 mm (F).	Figure 20. Porella acutirostris Smitt, 1868. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.62; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.64; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.63; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.65. (A) Immature zooids; (B) group of non-ovicellate zooids; (C) enlargement of orifice and suboral avicularium; (D) group of zooids with developing ovicells; (E) group of non-ovicellate zooids and zooids with umbonate ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1mm (C); 0.2 mm (F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7FDE0EFE262780D46B19D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228863/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228863	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7FDE0EFE262780D46B19D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC7FDE0EFE262780D46B19D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228855/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228855	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC71DE0CFE362247D1451A91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228877/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228877	Figure 21. Porella belli (Dawson, 1859). (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.10; (B, D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.9; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.66. (A) Distal view of colony margin with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing and complete ovicells; (D) mature zooids with inflated immersed ovicells; (E) mature zooids with granulose and umbonate frontal walls; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 21. Porella belli (Dawson, 1859). (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.10; (B, D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.9; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.66. (A) Distal view of colony margin with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing and complete ovicells; (D) mature zooids with inflated immersed ovicells; (E) mature zooids with granulose and umbonate frontal walls; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC71DE0CFE362247D1451A91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC71DE0CFE362247D1451A91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228879/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228879	Figure 22. Desmacystis sandalia (Robertson, 1900). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.59; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mature zooids showing transversely elongate vestigial ovicells and relatively smooth frontal walls; (D) mature zooids with frontal shields reinforced by radially arranged ridges of calcification. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 22. Desmacystis sandalia (Robertson, 1900). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.59; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mature zooids showing transversely elongate vestigial ovicells and relatively smooth frontal walls; (D) mature zooids with frontal shields reinforced by radially arranged ridges of calcification. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228855/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228855	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228857/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228857	Figure 11. Cauloramphus multispinosus n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.36; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.37; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.40. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) group of autozooids, unbleached; (C) close up of zooids showing details of distal erect spines and thin proximal spines strongly curved and arched over opesia, unbleached; (D) autozooids with variable form of proximal gymnocyst, bleached; (E) close up of zooids, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 11. Cauloramphus multispinosus n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.36; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.37; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.40. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) group of autozooids, unbleached; (C) close up of zooids showing details of distal erect spines and thin proximal spines strongly curved and arched over opesia, unbleached; (D) autozooids with variable form of proximal gymnocyst, bleached; (E) close up of zooids, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228859/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228859	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228863/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228863	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC72DE0AFE592499D1831A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC74DE09FE6224BAD44E1FDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228881/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228881	Figure 23. Parasmittina avicularissima (Gontar, 1982). (A, H) NHM 2006.2.27.72; (B, C, F, G) NHM 2006.2.27.73; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.74. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids, showing oral spinescars, lyrula, and condyles; (C) immature zooids with lateral triangular avicularia; (D) autozooids with oval proximo-lateral avicularia and large frontal avicularium directed proximally; (E) autozooids with frontal avicularia directed distally; (F) zooids with developing and completed ovicells; (G) mature zooids with ovicells possessing single pore; (H) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C–H); 0.4 mm (B).	Figure 23. Parasmittina avicularissima (Gontar, 1982). (A, H) NHM 2006.2.27.72; (B, C, F, G) NHM 2006.2.27.73; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.74. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids, showing oral spinescars, lyrula, and condyles; (C) immature zooids with lateral triangular avicularia; (D) autozooids with oval proximo-lateral avicularia and large frontal avicularium directed proximally; (E) autozooids with frontal avicularia directed distally; (F) zooids with developing and completed ovicells; (G) mature zooids with ovicells possessing single pore; (H) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C–H); 0.4 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC74DE09FE6224BAD44E1FDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC74DE09FE6224BAD44E1FDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC76DE77FE92200CD2151A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228883/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228883	Figure 24. Raymondcia rigida (Lorenz, 1886). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.68; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.67; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.70. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids with developing ovicells; (D) umbonate mature zooids with ovicells covered by merging segments from adjacent zooids; (E) inflated mature zooids; (F) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 24. Raymondcia rigida (Lorenz, 1886). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.68; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.67; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.70. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids with developing ovicells; (D) umbonate mature zooids with ovicells covered by merging segments from adjacent zooids; (E) inflated mature zooids; (F) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC76DE77FE92200CD2151A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228851/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228851	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC76DE77FE92200CD2151A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC76DE77FE92200CD2151A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC76DE77FE92200CD2151A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228859/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228859	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC76DE77FE92200CD2151A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0BDE75FE6B24D8D3031A91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228885/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228885	Figure 25. Raymondcia klugei (Gontar, 1982). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.66; (B) NHM2006.2.27.6; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.8; (E) ZIRAS 2/44556; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.7. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mucronate autozooids, lateral view; (D) distolateral view of autozooids showing suboral avicularia tilted inside; (E) autozooids, paratype specimen; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, E, F); 0.4 mm (B–D).	Figure 25. Raymondcia klugei (Gontar, 1982). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.66; (B) NHM2006.2.27.6; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.8; (E) ZIRAS 2/44556; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.7. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) mucronate autozooids, lateral view; (D) distolateral view of autozooids showing suboral avicularia tilted inside; (E) autozooids, paratype specimen; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, E, F); 0.4 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0BDE75FE6B24D8D3031A91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0DDE70FF432499D24C1935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228887/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228887	Figure 26. Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar in Gontar 1982). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.84; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.83. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing condyles and suboral avicularium; (D) group of mature zooids with ovicells, showing variability in positions of oral avicularia; (E) mature zooids with three oral avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.1 mm (C).	Figure 26. Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar in Gontar 1982). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.84; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.83. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing condyles and suboral avicularium; (D) group of mature zooids with ovicells, showing variability in positions of oral avicularia; (E) mature zooids with three oral avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.1 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0DDE70FF432499D24C1935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228889/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228889	Figure 27. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. (A, D–G) NHM 2006.2.27.87; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.85; (H) NHM 2006.2.27.86. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) mature zooids with oral and frontal avicularia directed laterally and distally; (E) mature zooids, showing details of orifice and avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 27. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. (A, D–G) NHM 2006.2.27.87; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.85; (H) NHM 2006.2.27.86. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) mature zooids with oral and frontal avicularia directed laterally and distally; (E) mature zooids, showing details of orifice and avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228905/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228905	Figure 35. Microporella trigonellata Suwa and Mawatari, 1998. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.96; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.95; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids; (E) heavily calcified, abraded mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 35. Microporella trigonellata Suwa and Mawatari, 1998. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.96; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.95; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids; (E) heavily calcified, abraded mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228865/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228865	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228867/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228867	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC0FDE7FFE7121B8D4111DDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC00DE7DFE482656D30A1F82.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228891/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228891	Figure 28. Stomachetosella decorata n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.92; (B, E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.90; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.89. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) zooids with developing ovicells close to colony edge; (C) immature zooids; (D) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells, infundibular occluded frontal pores and scattered umbones; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 28. Stomachetosella decorata n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.92; (B, E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.90; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.89. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) zooids with developing ovicells close to colony edge; (C) immature zooids; (D) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells, infundibular occluded frontal pores and scattered umbones; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC02DE7BFE622055D40E1900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228893/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228893	Figure 29. Myriozoella plana (Dawson, 1859). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.79; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.81; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.82. (A) Differentiating zooids near colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with almost completed ovicell flanked distally by three vicarious avicularia; (E) mature zooids with deeply immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 29. Myriozoella plana (Dawson, 1859). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.79; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.81; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.82. (A) Differentiating zooids near colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with almost completed ovicell flanked distally by three vicarious avicularia; (E) mature zooids with deeply immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC02DE7BFE622055D40E1900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC02DE7BFE622055D40E1900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC02DE7BFE622055D40E1900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC02DE7BFE622055D40E1900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228895/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228895	Figure 30. Pacificincola perforata (Okada and Mawatari, 1937). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.75; (B, C, F) NHM 2006.2.27.76; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony edge with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing minute sharp condyles and suboral umbo with central cavity; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) two mature zooids with completed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1 mm (C); 0.4 mm (F).	Figure 30. Pacificincola perforata (Okada and Mawatari, 1937). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.75; (B, C, F) NHM 2006.2.27.76; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony edge with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing minute sharp condyles and suboral umbo with central cavity; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) two mature zooids with completed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1 mm (C); 0.4 mm (F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228851/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228851	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 8. Callopora sarae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.5; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.3; (C, D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.4. (A) Zooids at colony edge, unbleached; (B) immature zooids with spines, lateral and proximal avicularia, unbleached; (C) immature zooids, showing bases of spines and lateral avicularia, bleached; (D) two immature zooids showing bases of additional spines on outer distolateral gymnocyst, bleached; (E) mature zooids with ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (F) mature zooids with heavily calcified ovicells, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228863/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228863	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC04DE66FE9721C9D44A1D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228865/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228865	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 15. Tegella arctica (d’Orbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC19DE64FE1425F9D2B61F6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228897/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228897	Figure 31. Cheilopora sincera (Smitt, 1868). (A, B) NHM 2006.2.27.77; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.78. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C, D) mature zooids with ovicells. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D); 1 mm (C).	Figure 31. Cheilopora sincera (Smitt, 1868). (A, B) NHM 2006.2.27.77; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.78. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C, D) mature zooids with ovicells. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D); 1 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC19DE64FE1425F9D2B61F6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC19DE64FE1425F9D2B61F6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228859/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228859	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC19DE64FE1425F9D2B61F6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC19DE64FE1425F9D2B61F6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228863/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228863	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 14. Tegella aquilirostris (O’Donoghue and O’Donoghue, 1923). HNM 2006.2.27.42. (A) Developing zooids near colony margin, bleached; (B) immature zooids with large frontal avicularia, bleached; (C) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, bleached; (D) mature zooids, showing ovicells with associated frontal avicularia, and also straight and curved spines, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1BDE62FE442050D3271F96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228899/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228899	Figure 32. Cryptosula zavjalovensis Kubanin, 1976. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.61; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) group of zooids, showing small and large orifices; (C) heavily calcified autozooids; (D) ancestrula and radially arranged periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C); 1 mm (D).	Figure 32. Cryptosula zavjalovensis Kubanin, 1976. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.61; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) group of zooids, showing small and large orifices; (C) heavily calcified autozooids; (D) ancestrula and radially arranged periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C); 1 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1BDE62FE442050D3271F96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228871/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228871	Figure 18. Integripelta novella Gordon, Mawatari, and Kajihara, 2002. NHM 2006.2.27.53. (A) General view of colony fragment; (B) immature zooids; (C) maternal zooids showing distal kenozooidal chambers possessing triangular, oval, and crescentic foramens; (D) close up of maternal zooids with foramen varying in size and form. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 18. Integripelta novella Gordon, Mawatari, and Kajihara, 2002. NHM 2006.2.27.53. (A) General view of colony fragment; (B) immature zooids; (C) maternal zooids showing distal kenozooidal chambers possessing triangular, oval, and crescentic foramens; (D) close up of maternal zooids with foramen varying in size and form. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1BDE62FE442050D3271F96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1BDE62FE442050D3271F96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1BDE62FE442050D3271F96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1DDE60FEBF2046D3131A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228901/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228901	Figure 33. Fenestrulina orientalis Liu, Liu, and Sun, 2003. (A–D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.11. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice with oral spines and ascopore; (D) mature zooids with completed hemispherical ovicells; (E) tatiform ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (F) modified ancestrula with acquired frontal shield, surrounded by periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 33. Fenestrulina orientalis Liu, Liu, and Sun, 2003. (A–D, F) NHM 2006.2.27.12; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.11. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice with oral spines and ascopore; (D) mature zooids with completed hemispherical ovicells; (E) tatiform ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (F) modified ancestrula with acquired frontal shield, surrounded by periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1DDE60FEBF2046D3131A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1DDE60FEBF2046D3131A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1DDE60FEBF2046D3131A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1DDE60FEBF2046D3131A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1DDE60FEBF2046D3131A90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1EDE6FFE6D24F9D3421F04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228903/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228903	Figure 34. Microporella luellae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.94; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.93; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids with radially ribbed ovicells; (E) heavily calcified mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 34. Microporella luellae n. sp. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.94; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.93; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids with radially ribbed ovicells; (E) heavily calcified mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1EDE6FFE6D24F9D3421F04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC1EDE6FFE6D24F9D3421F04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228873/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228873	Figure 19. Celleporella hyalina (L., 1767) species complex. (A, C–E) NHM 2006.2.27.57; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.55; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.54. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) autozooids in primary layer; (C, D) autozooids in primary layer (large orifices), frontally budded male zooids (small orifices), and frontally budded ovicellate zooids; (E) central colony region with predominance of ovicellate zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids with spiral budding pattern. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, F); 0.4 mm (D, E).	Figure 19. Celleporella hyalina (L., 1767) species complex. (A, C–E) NHM 2006.2.27.57; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.55; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.54. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) autozooids in primary layer; (C, D) autozooids in primary layer (large orifices), frontally budded male zooids (small orifices), and frontally budded ovicellate zooids; (E) central colony region with predominance of ovicellate zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids with spiral budding pattern. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, F); 0.4 mm (D, E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC10DE6DFE95276DD3AE1E20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228905/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228905	Figure 35. Microporella trigonellata Suwa and Mawatari, 1998. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.96; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.95; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids; (E) heavily calcified, abraded mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 35. Microporella trigonellata Suwa and Mawatari, 1998. (A, E) NHM 2006.2.27.96; (B–D) NHM 2006.2.27.95; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) distal half of immature zooid, showing orifice, ascopore, and avicularium; (D) mature zooids; (E) heavily calcified, abraded mature zooids; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC10DE6DFE95276DD3AE1E20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC12DE6BFE6F263CD2591FAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228907/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228907	Figure 36. Celleporina minima n. sp. (A–C, F) NHM 2006.2.27.97; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.98. (A) General view of colony; (B) immature zooid surrounded by ovicellate zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells, showing avicularian columns and external transversal slit-like fold in proximal peristomial lip; (D) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, showing form of primary orifice with deep proximal sinus; (E, F) ovicellate zooids surrounded by vicarious avicularia. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	Figure 36. Celleporina minima n. sp. (A–C, F) NHM 2006.2.27.97; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.98. (A) General view of colony; (B) immature zooid surrounded by ovicellate zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells, showing avicularian columns and external transversal slit-like fold in proximal peristomial lip; (D) zooids with developing and completed ovicells, showing form of primary orifice with deep proximal sinus; (E, F) ovicellate zooids surrounded by vicarious avicularia. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D–F); 0.2 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC14DE69FE5B27A0D4611D67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228909/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228909	Figure 37. Celleporina nordenskjoldi (Kluge, 1929). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.101; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.99; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.100. (A) Immature zooids, showing form of primary orifice; (B) zooids with developing and completed ovicells; (C) three ovicellate zooids and vicarious avicularium; (D) two large vicarious avicularia surrounded by zooids with developing ovicells. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 37. Celleporina nordenskjoldi (Kluge, 1929). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.101; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.99; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.100. (A) Immature zooids, showing form of primary orifice; (B) zooids with developing and completed ovicells; (C) three ovicellate zooids and vicarious avicularium; (D) two large vicarious avicularia surrounded by zooids with developing ovicells. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC14DE69FE5B27A0D4611D67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC14DE69FE5B27A0D4611D67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228911/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228911	Figure 38. Celleporina porosissima Harmer, 1957. NHM 2006.2.27.102. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids, showing form of primary orifice; (C) abraded mature zooids with subimmersed ovicells; (D) heavily calcified and abraded zooids and vicarious avicularium. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 38. Celleporina porosissima Harmer, 1957. NHM 2006.2.27.102. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids, showing form of primary orifice; (C) abraded mature zooids with subimmersed ovicells; (D) heavily calcified and abraded zooids and vicarious avicularium. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228867/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228867	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 16. (A, B) Bugula pacifica Robertson, 1905. NHM 2006.2.27.15. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) zooids, showing distal spinous projections and avicularia, unbleached. (C–F) Tricellaria occidentalis (Trask, 1857). (C) NHM 2006.2.27.48; (D–F) NHM 2006.2.27.49. (C) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (D) basal surface of branch with kenozooids (rhizoids or radicle fibres), unbleached; (E) internode with immature zooids, unbleached; (F) abraded internode containing mature zooids with ovicells, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, D, F); 2 mm (C); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228869/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228869	Figure 17. Cribrilina annulata (Fabricius, 1780). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.50; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.51; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Zooids with developing secondary layer of dwarf zooids, from region nearly colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids densely covered with numerous ovicellate dwarf zooids; (D) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 17. Cribrilina annulata (Fabricius, 1780). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.50; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.51; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.52. (A) Zooids with developing secondary layer of dwarf zooids, from region nearly colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) autozooids densely covered with numerous ovicellate dwarf zooids; (D) ancestrula with periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228889/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228889	Figure 27. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. (A, D–G) NHM 2006.2.27.87; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.85; (H) NHM 2006.2.27.86. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) mature zooids with oral and frontal avicularia directed laterally and distally; (E) mature zooids, showing details of orifice and avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 27. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. (A, D–G) NHM 2006.2.27.87; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.85; (H) NHM 2006.2.27.86. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) mature zooids with oral and frontal avicularia directed laterally and distally; (E) mature zooids, showing details of orifice and avicularia; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228891/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228891	Figure 28. Stomachetosella decorata n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.92; (B, E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.90; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.89. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) zooids with developing ovicells close to colony edge; (C) immature zooids; (D) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells, infundibular occluded frontal pores and scattered umbones; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 28. Stomachetosella decorata n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.92; (B, E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.90; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.89. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) zooids with developing ovicells close to colony edge; (C) immature zooids; (D) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells, infundibular occluded frontal pores and scattered umbones; (F) ancestrular region. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228893/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228893	Figure 29. Myriozoella plana (Dawson, 1859). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.79; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.81; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.82. (A) Differentiating zooids near colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with almost completed ovicell flanked distally by three vicarious avicularia; (E) mature zooids with deeply immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 29. Myriozoella plana (Dawson, 1859). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.79; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.81; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.82. (A) Differentiating zooids near colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C) two zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with almost completed ovicell flanked distally by three vicarious avicularia; (E) mature zooids with deeply immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228895/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228895	Figure 30. Pacificincola perforata (Okada and Mawatari, 1937). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.75; (B, C, F) NHM 2006.2.27.76; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony edge with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing minute sharp condyles and suboral umbo with central cavity; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) two mature zooids with completed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1 mm (C); 0.4 mm (F).	Figure 30. Pacificincola perforata (Okada and Mawatari, 1937). (A, D) NHM 2006.2.27.75; (B, C, F) NHM 2006.2.27.76; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.60. (A) Colony edge with differentiating zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) orifice of immature zooid, showing minute sharp condyles and suboral umbo with central cavity; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) two mature zooids with completed ovicells; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1 mm (C); 0.4 mm (F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228897/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228897	Figure 31. Cheilopora sincera (Smitt, 1868). (A, B) NHM 2006.2.27.77; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.78. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C, D) mature zooids with ovicells. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D); 1 mm (C).	Figure 31. Cheilopora sincera (Smitt, 1868). (A, B) NHM 2006.2.27.77; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.78. (A) Zooids differentiating at colony margin; (B) immature zooids; (C, D) mature zooids with ovicells. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D); 1 mm (C).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC16DE57FE4125F1D2A51CC5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC28DE55FE432518D48719BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228913/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228913	Figure 39. Hippoporella kurilensis (Gontar, 1979). NHM 2006.2.27.103. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids near colony margin, one with hypertrophied suboral avicularium; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrular region covered with large adventitious avicularia. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D–F).	Figure 39. Hippoporella kurilensis (Gontar, 1979). NHM 2006.2.27.103. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids near colony margin, one with hypertrophied suboral avicularium; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) mature zooids with immersed ovicells; (F) ancestrular region covered with large adventitious avicularia. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–C); 0.5 mm (D–F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC28DE55FE432518D48719BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2ADE50FE8D21BED0DC1E9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228915/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228915	Figure 40. Hippoporella multiavicularia (Androsova, 1958). (A–D) NHM 2006.2.27.104; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.105; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.106. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with submerging ovicells possessing central pore in ectooecium; (E) heavily calcified mature zooids with numerous small avicularia; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 40. Hippoporella multiavicularia (Androsova, 1958). (A–D) NHM 2006.2.27.104; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.105; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.106. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids; (B) immature zooids; (C) zooids with developing ovicells; (D) zooids with submerging ovicells possessing central pore in ectooecium; (E) heavily calcified mature zooids with numerous small avicularia; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228917/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228917	Figure 41. Phidolopora elongata (Smitt, 1868). (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.108; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.107; (G, H) SMNH-1316. (A) General view of colony fragment; (B) dorsal surface of colony, showing kenozooids and avicularia in abfrontal axils of fenestrulae; (C) immature zooids; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) mature zooids; (F) close up of ovicells, showing details of denticles in middle of proximal margin; (G) mature zooids with ovicells possessing peculiar sharp denticle; (H) dorsal colony surface with kenozooids and avicularia in abfrontal axils of fenestrulae. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–E, G, H); 0.2 mm (F).	Figure 41. Phidolopora elongata (Smitt, 1868). (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.108; (B–E) NHM 2006.2.27.107; (G, H) SMNH-1316. (A) General view of colony fragment; (B) dorsal surface of colony, showing kenozooids and avicularia in abfrontal axils of fenestrulae; (C) immature zooids; (D) zooids with developing ovicells; (E) mature zooids; (F) close up of ovicells, showing details of denticles in middle of proximal margin; (G) mature zooids with ovicells possessing peculiar sharp denticle; (H) dorsal colony surface with kenozooids and avicularia in abfrontal axils of fenestrulae. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–E, G, H); 0.2 mm (F).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–D, F); 0.4 mm (E).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228855/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228855	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.33–34; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.4 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228857/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228857	Figure 11. Cauloramphus multispinosus n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.36; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.37; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.40. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) group of autozooids, unbleached; (C) close up of zooids showing details of distal erect spines and thin proximal spines strongly curved and arched over opesia, unbleached; (D) autozooids with variable form of proximal gymnocyst, bleached; (E) close up of zooids, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 11. Cauloramphus multispinosus n. sp. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.36; (B, C) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (D, E) NHM 2006.2.27.37; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.40. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) group of autozooids, unbleached; (C) close up of zooids showing details of distal erect spines and thin proximal spines strongly curved and arched over opesia, unbleached; (D) autozooids with variable form of proximal gymnocyst, bleached; (E) close up of zooids, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228859/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228859	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	Figure 12. Cauloramphus niger n. sp. (A–E) NHM 2006.2.27.16; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Developing zooids at colony margin, unbleached; (B) general view of group of zooids with immersed vestigial ovicells, unbleached; (C) zooids from colony periphery, showing numerous avicularia, unbleached; (D) close up of zooids with avicularia, unbleached; (E) autozooids with immersed ovicells and bases of spines, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228837/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228837	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	Figure 1. Map of Akkeshi Bay showing the 10 sampling stations (filled squares); 5, 10, and 20 m depth contours are indicated. Inset shows the location of Akkeshi Bay on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228839/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228839	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	Figure 2. Dendrogram (below) showing similarity of sampling localities based on species presence/absence, and a map (above) showing the geographical distribution of three groups of sampling localities (circled) that are less than 70% similar in species composition between groups.	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228841/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228841	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	Figure 3. Electra korobokkura Nikulina, 2006. (A–C) NHM 2006.2.27.1; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.2. (A) Colony fragment with uniserial branches; (B) colony fragment with anastomosing, multiserial branches; (C) zooids without spinous processes; (D) zooids with spinous processes. All unbleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 78–81 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (B–D); 0.2 mm (E, F, H).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
877A7251CC2FDE5FFE61274CD3D51808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5228849/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228849	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	Figure 7. Callopora craticula (Alder, 1856). NHM 2006.2.27.29. (A) General view of colony fragment, unbleached; (B) immature zooids near colony margin, unbleached; (C) mature zooids showing ovicells and associated avicularia, unbleached; (D) group of immature zooids and vicarious avicularium on right, unbleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B–D).	2010-07-29	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.		Zenodo	biologists	Grischenko, Andrei V.;Dick, Matthew H.;Mawatari, Shunsuke F.			
