taxonID	type	description	language	source
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 7267 C 6 A- 3070 - 4 E 84 - BB 64 - F 980 B 76 C 3457 Figs 6 – 8, 35 – 52	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the unique, highly specific, finger-like dorsal lobe of the valva (Fig. 42), the bifurcated dorsal lobe of the uncus (Fig. 35) and the angular apex of the valva (Fig. 40) distinguish Astrotischeria papilloma sp. nov. from other congeneric species. In the female genitalia, the slender band of long chetae (Fig. 49) is hypothesized to be unique to this species. This character may not remain valid for species differentiation because females of many other species of Astrotischeria remain to be discovered. The host plant, Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl), coincides with the host plant of another new species, Paratischeria tubifex sp. nov., described below.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin ʻ papilla ʼ with the prefix ʻ oma ʼ, i. e., the widely used medical term papilloma (an outward finger-like frond), in reference to the unique, finger-like dorsal lobe of the valva in the male genitalia.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 3 – 16 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316182 ♂; NHMUK 010289201. Paratypes BELIZE • 9 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same locality as for holotype; 21 Sep. – 4 Nov. 1997 and 13 Apr. – 20 Jul. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae); field card nos 18.008 - 13 / 4 ♂, 16.020 - 2 / 10 ♂, 29.046 - 1 / 10 ♂, 16.005 - 21 / 9 ♂, 16.013 - 21 / 9 ♂, 16.097 - 20 / 7 ♂, 16.014 - 2 / 10 ♂, 18.025 - 13 / 4 ♂, 84 - 20 / 7 ♂, 1364 - 4 / 11 ♀, 83 - 20 / 7 ♀, 16.098 - 20 / 7 ♀; genitalia slide nos 010316181 ♂, 010316183 ♂, 010316184 ♂, 010316185 ♂, 010316186 ♀; NHMUK 010289202 to 010289213. HONDURAS • 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Copán Department, Copán Archaeological Site Ruinas; 14 ° 50 ′ 13 ″ N, 89 ° 08 ′ 37 ″ W; alt. 620 m; 15 Feb. 2012; A. Diškus leg.; from feeding larvae (Asteraceae host plant, species unidentified); field card no. 5088; genitalia slide nos AD 911 ♂, AD 1007 ♂, AD 1008 ♂, AD 916 ♀; ZIN.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	description	Description Male EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Figs 6 – 8). Forewing length 2.3 – 2.5 mm; wingspan 5.2 – 5.5 mm (n = 6). Head: palpus, pecten and frons cream; frontal tuft comprised of lamellar scales, from yellowish ochre or ochre cream to pale grey, often with pale grey, cream-tipped or cream, brown-tipped scales medially; collar comprised of lamellar, yellowish cream scales; antenna exceeding ½ of forewing; flagellum cream, brown-annulated to entirely grey-brown. Thorax glossy, pale grey-brown medially, yellowish cream to ochre laterally; tegula pale grey-brown. Forewing variable, usually silver glossy to cream, irregularly speckled with grey-brown and some ochre scales, sometimes with a wide band of bright ochre scales along fold; fringe ochre cream to golden ochre; fringe line often irregular, indistinctive, comprised of dark brown scales; forewing underside dark grey, without spots or androconia. Hindwing and fringe grey on upper side and underside, without androconia. Legs cream, glossy to grey or dark grey; forelegs and midlegs with blackish brown scales on upper side. Abdomen grey-brown with some purple iridescence on upper side and underside, but distally ochre cream on underside; genital plates pale grey to greyish cream; anal tufts large, grey. MALE GENITALIA (Figs 35 – 46). Capsule about 750 µm long, 310 – 360 µm wide. Uncus with long, bifid dorsal lobes (Figs 35, 38), very short, rounded ventral lobes (Figs 36 – 37) and wide, thickened medial excavation. Valva about 470 µm long; ventral (main) lobe slender and straight, apically angular (Figs 40 – 41); dorsal lobe finger-like, distinctly connected with anellus (Figs 39, 42, 44); anellus with triangular lobes apically (Fig. 43); transtilla and juxta absent. Ventral lobe of vinculum large, triangular, distally rounded (Fig. 39). Phallus 580 – 650 µm long, apically divided (Fig. 45), basally widened (Fig. 46). Female EXTERNAL CHARACTERS. Forewing length 2.3 – 2.9 mm; wingspan 5.0 – 6.2 mm (n = 3). Forewing predominantly ochre with small brown scales. Abdomen mostly ochre cream on underside, without anal tufts. Otherwise, similar to male. FEMALE GENITALIA (Figs 47 – 52). Abdominal wall with a slender band of long chetae (Fig. 49); abdominal apex wide, with triangular lobes laterally. Genitalia (Fig. 48) about 2170 µm long. Ovipositor lobes large (Fig. 49), clothed with short, modified setae (‘ peg setae’); area between ovipositor lobes widely rounded (Fig. 50), with tiny papillae and two very long setae. Second pair of lobes lateral and anterior to ovipositor lobes, much smaller than ovipositor lobes, triangular and bearing long slender setae, without stout, modified ‘ peg setae’. Posterior and anterior apophyses almost equal in length (Figs 48, 52); prela comprised of three pairs of rod-like projections (Fig. 49). Corpus bursae long and narrow, distally oval-shaped (Fig. 48), with numerous, indistinctive pectinations. Accessory sac inconspicuous; ductus spermathecae very slender, with numerous large coils (Figs 47, 51).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae). Larvae were recorded mining leaves throughout the year (i. e., during all months of fieldwork), with 810 records in total. The leaf mine is a pale, transluscent blotch on the upper leaf surface, located along the leaf margin. It causes the leaf margin to curl and roll upwards and inwards in a characteristic manner reminiscent of the mines of the European species Coptotriche gauacella (Duponchel, 1843). This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 7 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002), a morphospecies grouping which incorrectly grouped this species with A. basilobata sp. nov., which shares the host plant. Retrospectively, records of these two species can now be distinguished on the basis of characteristics of the leaf mine.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	description	Flight period Based on a single specimen collected at light, adults fly in April; based on rearing data, adults are likely to occur year-round. Adults eclose for up to 33 days after the collection of mines.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03261FFEBDADAF9C7A92ECBAB.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 E 446 B 8 C-E 5 BC- 4 FAF- 8 CA 0 - F 92 DF 9 A 8733 E Figs 9 – 11, 53 – 69	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the presence of a unique pseudotranstilla (Figs 61, 63 – 64), a shield-like lobe on the valva (Figs 57, 60), a bifid dorsal lobe of the uncus (Fig. 54) and the unique phallus (Fig. 59) distinguish Astrotischeria scutifera sp. nov. from other congeneric species. In the female genitalia, the strongly reduced ovipositor lobes make this species similar to the other Malvaceae-feeding species of Astrotischeria (which make up a minority of the genus); however, unlike A. omissa (Braun, 1927) or A. heliopsisella (Chambers, 1875), females of A. scutifera sp. nov. do not possess thickened tooth-like projections or curved hooks distally on the ovipositor.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin ʻ scutum ʼ (a ʻshieldʼ) and ʻ fero ʼ (ʻto bearʼ, ʻto carryʼ) in reference to the valva possessing a shield-like lobe in the male genitalia.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 22 Sep. 1997; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Sida glabra Mill. (Malvaceae); field card no. 115 - 22 / 9; genitalia slide no. 010316175 ♂; NHMUK 010289214. Paratypes BELIZE • 4 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 22 Sep. – 21 Nov. 1997 and 3 – 14 Jul. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; field card nos 202 - 2 / 10 ♂, 4236 - 3 / 7 ♂, 205 - 23 / 9 ♂, 188 - 23 / 9 ♂, 113 - 22 / 9 ♀, 196 - 23 / 9 ♀, 233 - 24 / 9 ♀, 519 - 9 / 10 ♀, 29.002 - 1 / 10 ♀, 23.080 - 14 / 7 ♀, 31.009 - 21 / 11 ♀; genitalia slide nos 010316174 ♂, 010316176 ♂, 010316177 ♂, 010316178 ♀, 010316179 ♀, 010316180 ♀; NHMUK 010289215 to 010289225.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	description	Description Male EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Figs 9 – 10). Forewing length 2.5 – 3.0 mm; wingspan 5.4 – 6.5 mm (n = 5). Head: palpus cream, frons ochre cream; frontal tuft comprised of lamellar, golden cream scales; collar pale brown, comprised of lamellar, cream-tipped scales; antenna approximately ½ of forewing; flagellum pale grey. Thorax pale brownish grey, laterally sometimes ochre; tegula pale brownish grey. Forewing variable, densely speckled with dark grey scales and irregular, pale ochre to bright ochre spots or a band along fold; sometimes, instead a band or spots, ochre scales form only a line along fold; fringe grey; fringe line often irregular, indistinctive, comprised of a few dark brown scales; forewing underside with some purple iridescence, entirely covered with dark grey scales, without spots or androconia. Hindwing and fringe grey-brown on upper side and underside, without androconia. Legs glossy, with purple iridescence, pale grey or grey to yellowish cream. Abdomen dark brown on upper side and underside, with purple and blue iridescence on upper side; genital plates greyish cream to pale grey; anal tufts large, grey to yellowish grey. MALE GENITALIA (Figs 53 – 64). Capsule 780 – 830 µm long, 340 – 445 µm wide. Uncus with long, bifid dorsal lobes (Figs 54, 63) and very short, rounded ventral lobes (Fig. 55); medial excavation of uncus shallow. Valva 500 – 620 µm long; basally with a shield-like lobe (Figs 57, 60) and a distinctive, basally wide, apically pointed dorsal lobe (Fig. 64). Anellus replaced with a unique structure which we name here a pseudotranstilla (Figs 61, 63 – 64). Ventral lobe of vinculum large, distally rounded (Figs 63 – 64) or almost triangular (Figs 56 – 57). Phallus 580 µm long, apically with two bifid lobes (Fig. 59), basally widened (Figs 56 – 57, 59). Female EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Fig. 11). Forewing length 3.0 – 3.1 mm; wingspan 6.6 – 6.8 mm (n = 3). Similar to male but ochre scales of forewing prevail and form large ochre spots. On underside, abdomen covered with ochre cream medially and distally, without anal tufts. Otherwise, similar to male. FEMALE GENITALIA (Figs 65 – 69). Abdominal apex slender, with two caudal papillae (Fig. 65). Genitalia 1570 µm long. Ovipositor lobes reduced (absent) (Fig. 66). Posterior and anterior apophyses almost equal in length (Figs 66, 68); prela comprised of three pairs of rod-like projections (Figs 66 – 68). Corpus bursae very long and narrow, distally oval-shaped (Fig. 69), pectinations indistinctive. Accessory sac inconspicuous; ductus spermathecae very slender, with numerous large coils (Fig. 69).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Sida glabra Mill. (Malvaceae Juss.). Larvae mine leaves in September to November. The leaf mine is a white, opaque blotch; as the larva matures it causes the leaf to distort or curl. This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 6 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002). Of 353 mines successfully reared, 189 produced parasitoids (53.5 % parasitism). Flight period Based on reared specimens, adults occur throughout the year.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0326DFFEEDAD2FA21A92ECC9E.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CEC 5 D 64 C- 2122 - 4 B 6 B-AB 16 - 9 A 6220 CD 8430 Figs 12 – 14, 70 – 82	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the new species mostly resembles Astrotischeria selvica Diškus, Carvalco-Filco & Stonis, 2018 and A. maya Diškus & Stonis, 2018; however, the absence of a distinctive second dorsal lobe on the valva distinguishes A. basilobata sp. nov. from these species.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin ʻ basis ʼ (a ʻbaseʼ) and ʻ lobatus ʼ (ʻlobedʼ) in reference to the basally thickened, lobe-like structure of the anellus in the male genitalia.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 6 Jun. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae); field card no. 3303 - 6 / 6; genitalia slide no. 010316194 ♂; NHMUK 010289226. Paratypes BELIZE • 7 ♂♂; same locality and host-plant data as for holotype; 17 Sep. – 14 Oct. 1997 and 3 Apr. – 30 Jun. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; field card nos 710 - 14 / 10 ♂, 38 - 17 / 9 ♂, 3537 - 10 / 6 ♂, 4422 - 30 / 6 ♂, 34.019 - 3 / 4 ♂, 289 - 25 / 9 ♂, 3536 - 10 / 6 ♂; genitalia slide nos 010316195 ♂, 010316196 ♂, 010316197 ♂, 010316198 ♂, 010316224 ♂; NHMUK 010289227 to 010289233.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	description	Description Male EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Figs 12 – 14). Forewing length 2.6 – 3.1 mm; wingspan 5.5 – 6.6 mm (n = 7). Head: palpus yellowish cream, frons yellow ochre, smoothly scaled; frontal tuft and collar comprised of golden yellow or yellow-ochre to pale grey, slender, lamellar scales; antenna exceeding ½ of forewing; flagellum yellow cream, annulated with pale brown scales. Thorax ochre-yellow, medially covered with pale brown, cream-tipped scales; tegula covered with a mixture of ochre-yellow and pale brown scales or entirely covered with pale brown, cream-tipped scales. Forewing ochre-yellow with irregular markings of dark brown or black-brown scales; fringe pale brown, ochre-yellow apically; fringe line indistinctive or absent; forewing underside grey-brown to pale grey-brown, without spots or androconia. Hindwing pale brown; fringe brownish cream to pale brown with reddish tint, without androconia. Legs ochre cream, densely speckled or entirely covered with pale grey-brown scales on upper side. Abdomen dark brown to brown with some purple and green iridescence on upper side, yellowish ochre, annulated with dark brown scales on underside; genital plates yellowish cream; dorsal anal tuft large, comprised of ochre cream piliform scales. MALE GENITALIA (Figs 70 – 82). Capsule 995 – 1170 µm long, 600 – 615 µm wide. Uncus with long, undivided dorsal lobes (Figs 75, 78), very short, rounded ventral lobes (Figs 75, 78) and wide medial excavation (Fig. 78). Valva 615 – 770 µm long, with a large dorsal lobe (Figs 70, 78); second dorsal lobes undeveloped, but anellus laterally thickened and, when broken, some development of second dorsal lobes can be observed (Figs 73 – 74). Anellus (Figs 71, 82) with four papillae laterally (Figs 80, 82); transtilla absent. Ventral lobe of vinculum large, distally widely rounded (Figs 70 – 71, 78). Phallus (Fig. 72) 1130 – 1140 µm long, apically bifid, with two clusters of long, slender spines (Figs 77), basally widened (Figs 70, 72, 78). Female Unknown.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae). Larvae mine leaves year-round. The leaf mine is a translucent blotch, not usually at the leaf margin, but the biology of this species is otherwise unknown. This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 7 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002), a morphospecies name which incorrectly grouped this species with A. papilloma sp. nov., which shares the larval host plant. Retrospectively, records of these two species can now be distinguished based on the appearance of the leaf mines. Flight period Based on reared specimens, adults occur throughout the year.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03268FFF3DACAFCFCA92ECBDF.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03275FFF2DA85F9BDA842CBDE.taxon	description	Figs 15, 83 – 84	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03275FFF2DA85F9BDA842CBDE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, Astrotischeria selvica resembles the Central American A. basilobata sp. nov. and particularly A. maya Diškus & Stonis, 2018. From the latter A. selvica differs by the horn-like, apically pointed dorsal lobe of the valva and the distinctly wide gap between the median lobes of the uncus; from A. basilobata sp. nov. A. selvica differs by the presence of two distinctive dorsal lobes on the valva (in A. basilobata sp. nov. only one dorsal lobe is distinctive). The fact that A. selvica feeds on Synedrella Gaertn., Sphagneticola O. Hoffm. and Tilesia G. Mey. also makes this species rather unique; however, hostplant data may not be valid for species differentiation because the biology of many other species of Astrotischeria is still incompletely known or, in some cases, totally unstudied.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03275FFF2DA85F9BDA842CBDE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 4 Nov. 1997; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski (Asteraceae); field card no. 1406 - 4 / 11; genitalia slide no. 010316213 ♂ (former no. AD 920); NHMUK 010289234. Paratypes BELIZE • 2 ♂♂; 7 ♀♀; same locality and host-plant data as for holotype; 1 Oct. 1997 and 10 Jun. – 14 Aug. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; field card nos 358, 359, 1403 to 1405, 4273, 3524, 5380, 3804; genitalia slide nos 010316214 ♂ (former no. AD 298), 010316215 ♂ (former no. AD 919); 010316217 ♀ (former no. AD 921); NHMUK 010289235 to 010289243.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03275FFF2DA85F9BDA842CBDE.taxon	description	Description This species was described and illustrated by Stonis et al. (2018 a: 36 – 37, figs 93 – 126).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03275FFF2DA85F9BDA842CBDE.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plants, all members of Asteraceae: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski and Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. in Central America, Tilesia baccata (L.) Pruski along with the main host plant Synedrella nodiflora in Brazil. Leaf mines were illustrated by Stonis et al. (2018 a: figs 122 – 126). This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 1 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002) who found that, at Las Cuevas, the rate of parasitism was 24 % (6 out of 25 mines reared successfully were parasitized). Flight period Adults are known from February, April, June – July, and October – November; based on reared specimens from Las Cuevas, adults are likely to occur year-round in Belize.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03275FFF2DA85F9BDA842CBDE.taxon	distribution	Distribution Currently known from Central America (Belize and Guatemala), the Caribbean (U. S. Virgin Islands) and equatorial Brazil (State of Pará) (Stonis et al. 2018 a).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03274FFF4D93CF9B0AF92CB3D.taxon	description	Figs 16, 85 – 86	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03274FFF4D93CF9B0AF92CB3D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the combination of a unique, helmet-like anellus, a large dorsal lobe on the uncus and weakly divided apical lobes of the phallus in the male genitalia distinguishes A. casila from all other congeneric species.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03274FFF4D93CF9B0AF92CB3D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 29 Jun. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larvae on Montanoa atriplicifolia (Pers.) Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae); field card no. 3954 - 29 / 6; genitalia slide no. 010316219 ♂ (former no. AD 939); NHMUK 010289244. Paratypes BELIZE • 9 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; same locality and host-plant data as for holotype; 2 Apr. 1998 and 13 Jun. – 12 Jul. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; field card nos 2850, 3676 to 3679, 3944, 3953, 4202, 4247, 2.096, 3.030, 23.029, 27.046, 30.026; genitalia slide nos 010316220 ♂ (former no. AD 849), 010316221 ♂ (former no. AD 295), 010316223 ♀ (former no. AD 940); NHMUK 010289245 to 010289253 and NHMUK 010289255 to 010289260 • 1 ♂; Cayo District, San Ignacio, secondary forest; 17 ° 09 ′ 15 ″ N, 89 ° 04 ′ 04 ″ W; alt. 85 m; 17 – 18 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316222 ♂ (former no. AD 934); NHMUK 010289254.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03274FFF4D93CF9B0AF92CB3D.taxon	description	Description The species was described and illustrated by Stonis et al. (2018 a: 37, 43, figs 127 – 159).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03274FFF4D93CF9B0AF92CB3D.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Montanoa atriplicifolia (Pers.) Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae). The leaf mine is a blotch which forms a translucent window in the leaf. This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 9 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002). Of 213 mines reared successfully, 59 (27.7 %) produced parasitoids. Flight period Based on reared specimens from Las Cuevas, adults occur during April and June – October.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03274FFF4D93CF9B0AF92CB3D.taxon	distribution	Distribution Currently known only from the Cayo District of Belize (Las Cuevas and San Ignacio).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03272FFF7D927FA97A92ECC75.taxon	description	Figs 17, 87 – 89	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03272FFF7D927FA97A92ECC75.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the combination of a wide uncus, uniquely shaped dorsal lobes on the valva and the widely divided apex of the phallus distinguishes A. furcata from all other congeneric species.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03272FFF7D927FA97A92ECC75.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 3 – 16 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316212 ♂ (former no. AD 925); NHMUK 010289261.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03272FFF7D927FA97A92ECC75.taxon	description	Description This species was described and illustrated by Stonis et al. (2018 a: 49, figs 176 – 189).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03272FFF7D927FA97A92ECC75.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: unknown. Flight period Based on a single specimen collected at light, adults occur in April.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03272FFF7D927FA97A92ECC75.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 655 A 3435 - 7 DF 0 - 408 C-B 0 F 0 - A 7 A 86 C 381 B 93 Figs 18 – 20, 90 – 106	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the unique four-lobed uncus (Fig. 97) and the presence of pectens on the valva (Fig. 96) distinguish Paratischeria robinsoni sp. nov. from other congeneric species. In the female genitalia, the combination of a specific shape of prela (Fig. 101), large ovipositor lobes, densely covered with peg setae (Fig. 103), and a dentate thickening on the tergum (Figs 104 – 105) is hypothesized to be unique to this species. The Asteraceae host plant, Otopappus verbesinoides Benth., make this species unique in the Neotropical fauna.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	etymology	Etymology This species is named after the late Dr Gaden Sutherland Robinson (1949 – 2009), former curator and leading research scientist at the Natural History Museum, London, our former colleague and friend, and one of the greatest professionals on systematics and biodiversity. The first author is indebted to Gaden S. Robinson for his principal role in facilitating R. Puplesis’ fieldwork at Las Cuevas (1998).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 4 Jul. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Otopappus verbesinoides Benth. (Asteraceae); field card no. 30.035 - 4 / 7; genitalia slide no. 010316187 ♂; NHMUK 010289262. Paratypes BELIZE • 3 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 5 Nov. 1997 and 11 Feb. – 14 Jul. 1998; field card nos 23.048 - 14 / 7 ♂, 3.032 - 14 / 6 ♂, 25.054 - 7 / 3 ♂, 1540 - 5 / 11 ♀, 25.058 - 11 / 2 ♀, 25.057 - 11 / 2 ♀, 30.036 - 4 / 7 ♀, 25.056 - 11 / 2 ♀, 1541 - 5 / 11 ♀; genitalia slide nos 010316188 ♂, 010316190 ♂, 010316191 ♂, 010316189 ♀, 010316192 ♀; NHMUK 010289263 to 010289271.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	description	Description Male EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Fig. 18). Forewing length 2.6 – 3.0 mm; wingspan 5.5 – 6.3 mm (n = 4). Head: palpus, pecten and frons ochre cream; frontal tuft and collar comprised of ochre cream and some browngrey slender lamellar scales; antenna exceeding ½ of forewing; flagellum yellowish ochre, irregularly annulated with grey-black scales. Thorax yellowish ochre with some grey-brown scales; tegula covered either with grey-brown or mixture of yellow-ochre and grey-brown scales. Forewing yellow-ochre with irregular markings of brown-black scales; fringe yellowish brown, apically yellow-ochre; fringe line absent or indistinctive; forewing underside grey-brown, without spots or androconia. Hindwing greybrown on upper side and underside, without androconia, fringe pale grey-brown. Legs: foreleg and midleg dark grey-brown; hindleg ochre-cream with grey and brown scales and some purple iridescence. Abdomen grey-brown with some purple iridescence on upper side, brownish or yellow-ochre with some grey-brown scales on underside; genital plates pale grey to greyish cream; anal tufts grey. MALE GENITALIA (Figs 90 – 100). Capsule 980 – 990 µm long, 435 – 490 µm wide. Uncus with four long, slender lobes: two dorsal and two ventral (Figs 90 – 91, 93, 97 – 100). Valva about 695 µm long, apically with thickened, tooth-like pectens (Fig. 96); anellus membranous (Figs 93, 95); transtilla and juxta absent. Ventral lobe of vinculum large, distally truncated or rounded (Figs 92 – 93). Phallus 540 – 640 µm long, apically divided, with lateral lobes (Fig. 94). Female EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Figs 19 – 20). Forewing length 3.0 – 3.9 mm; wingspan 6.5 – 8.1 mm (n = 6). Abdomen without anal tufts. Otherwise, similar to male. FEMALE GENITALIA (Figs 101 – 106). Total length about 2990 µm. Ovipositor lobes very large (Fig. 103), densely covered with modified setae (‘ peg setae’); area between ovipositor lobes widely rounded, with tiny papillae and two very long setae. Second pair of lobes, lateral and anterior to ovipositor lobes, much smaller than ovipositor lobes, elongated and bearing long slender setae, without stout ‘ peg setae’. Posterior and anterior apophyses almost equal in length (Fig. 101); prela comprised of three pairs of rodlike projections (Fig. 101). Proximally, corpus bursae very slender, with numerous fine spines, distally oval-shaped, without pectinations. Ductus spermathecae very slender, with 5 – 6 large coils (Fig. 102). Abdominal wall with slender, dentate thickenings on tergum (Figs 104 – 106).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Otopappus verbesinoides Benth. (Asteraceae). Larvae mine leaves in February – March and June – November. The leaf mine is a transparent, window-like blotch. This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 5 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002). Of 40 mines reared successfully, 9 (22.5 %) produced parasitoids. Flight period Based on rearing data, adults are likely to occur throughout much of the year.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03271FFFBDADCFD1CA92EC8A1.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 91 DCD 98 C-A 844 - 431 A-A 844 - D 3849 FF 1 DE 9 B Figs 21 – 23, 107 – 123	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters and characters of the female genitalia are of little or no use in the identification of this species. However, in the male genitalia, the very unusual, wide valva (Fig. 108), apically covered with modified, spine-like setae (Fig. 110), the unusually large tube-like socii (Figs 113 – 114), and the large, deeply divided uncus (Fig. 114) instantly distinguish Paratischeria tubifex sp. nov. from other Tischeriidae. The host plant, Lasianthaea fruticosa (Asteraceae), coicides with the host plant of another new species, Astrotischeria papilloma sp. nov., described above.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is derived from the Latin ʻ tubus ʼ (ʻtubeʼ) and ʻ fex ʼ, i. e., from the Latin ʻ facere ʼ (ʻto makeʼ) in reference to the unusually large, tube-like socii in the male genitalia.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 6 Apr. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae); field card no. 3009 - 6 / 4; genitalia slide no. 010316168 ♂; NHMUK 010289272. Paratypes BELIZE • 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 11 Feb. – 24 Apr. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; field card nos 3013 - 6 / 4 ♂, 25.053 - 11 / 2 ♂, 3014 - 6 / 4 ♂, 3016 - 6 / 4 ♂, 17.073 - 4 / 3 ♂, 17.079 - 4 / 3 ♂, 3010 - 6 / 4 ♀, 3007 - 24 / 4 ♀, 3015 - 6 / 4 ♀; genitalia slide nos 010316169 ♂, 010316170 ♂, 010316171 ♂, 010316173 ♀; NHMUK 10289273, 10289274, 10289276 to 010289282 • 1 ♂; same locality as for holotype; 3 – 16 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316172 ♂; NHMUK 010289275.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	description	Description Male EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Figs 21, 23). Forewing length 2.4 – 2.7 mm; wingspan 5.4 – 5.8 mm (n = 8). Head: palpus, pecten and frons golden cream; frontal tuft and collar yellowish cream, comprised of slender lamellar scales; antenna length ½ of forewing; flagellum golden cream, with a few irregularly scattered brown scales on upper side. Thorax yellowish cream, glossy; tegula covered with yellowish cream and pale brown-grey scales. Forewing yellowish ochre with irregular makings of grey-brown scales; fringe yellowish cream; fringe line usually distinctive, formed by blackish brown scales; forewing underside densely covered with grey scales, without spots or androconia. Hindwing grey to yellowish grey on upper side and underside, without androconia, fringe pale grey to ochre-grey or ochre cream. Legs glossy, yellowish cream, densely covered with blackish brown scales on foreleg and midleg upper side. Abdomen glossy, with some purple iridescence; pale grey, silvery glossy on upper side, yellowish cream, annulated with pale grey-brown scales on underside; genital plates cream; anal tufts large, cream. MALE GENITALIA (Figs 107 – 117). Capsule 450 – 610 µm long, 390 – 520 µm wide. Uncus large, deeply divided, with two lateral lobes (Figs 112, 114). Socii unusually large, tube-like (Figs 112 – 114). Valva (Fig. 108) about 445 – 530 µm long, basally very wide, with a tiny process (Figs 110, 112), apically with thickened setae (Figs 110 – 111); anellus membranous, indistinctive; transtilla and juxta absent. Ventral lobe of vinculum short, distally truncated or rounded (Figs 107, 112, 114). Phallus 2520 µm long, apically with three pointed lobes (Figs 115 – 117). Female EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Fig. 22). Abdomen without anal tufts. Otherwise, similar to male. FEMALE GENITALIA (Figs 118 – 123). Total length about 2140 µm. Ovipositor lobes large (Fig. 123), with modified setae (‘ peg setae’); area between ovipositor lobes widely rounded, with tiny papillae and two very long setae. Second pair of lobes, lateral and anterior to ovipositor lobes, much smaller than ovipositor lobes, oval, bearing long slender setae, without stout ‘ peg setae’. Anterior apophyses slightly longer than posterior apophyses (Fig. 118); prela comprised of three pairs of rod-like projections (Fig. 120). Proximal, slender part of corpus bursae with numerous spines (Figs 121 – 122), gradually expanding into slightly wider, distal part; pectination of latter indistinctive. Ductus spermathecae very slender, with about 6 – 8 large coils (Fig. 118).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K. M. Becker (Asteraceae). Larvae mine leaves in February – April. The leaf mine is a blotch (unstudied and undocumented). This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 4 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002). Of 29 mines reared successfully, none were parasitised. Flight period Based on a single specimen collected at light, adults fly in April; based on rearing data, adults occur in February – September.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0327DFFFED92CF948A92ECD67.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1182 B 62 C- 7 E 7 E- 4 EA 8 - 866 C-BCF 6578 F 9 F 34 Figs 24 – 25, 124 – 127	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the phallus being fused with the anellus, with two apical, pointed lobes (Figs 124, 127), and the elaborated uncus (Fig. 125) distinguish Paratischeria belizensis sp. nov. from other congeneric species.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	etymology	Etymology This species is named after Belize where it occurs.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 3 – 16 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316193 ♂; NHMUK 010289283.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	description	Description Male EXTERNAL CHARACTERS (Figs 24 – 25). Forewing length 2.8 mm; wingspan 6.1 mm (n = 1). Head: palpus, pecten and frons golden cream, glossy; frontal tuft golden cream with some pale grey scales; antenna slightly exceeding ½ of forewing; flagellum pale grey, glossy. Thorax ochre-yellow, with some pale grey scales medially; tegula pale grey, with a few ochre-yellow scales. Forewing ochre-yellow, irregularly speckled with grey-brown scales; fringe grey, apically ochre-yellow; fringe indistinctive; forewing underside grey-brown. Hindwing and fringe pale brown. Legs ochre-yellow, covered with grey-brown scales on upper side (particularly abundant on forelegs). Abdomen unknown (unstudied before dissection). MALE GENITALIA (Figs 124 – 127). Capsule about 710 µm long, 430 µm wide. Uncus with long but slender lateral lobes (Figs 125 – 126) and oval excavation (Fig. 125). Valva about 520 µm long, without additional lobes, inwardly curved (Fig. 124); anellus fused with phallus (Figs 124, 127); transtilla and juxta absent. Ventral lobe of vinculum large, distally rounded (Figs 124, 127). Phallus about 515 µm long. Female Unknown.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant and biology unknown. Flight period Based on a single specimen collected at light, adults fly in April.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03278FFC0DACDFC65A92ECD68.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03246FFC2DAC8FC6AA9B3CC9E.taxon	description	Figs 26 – 28, 128 – 129	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03246FFC2DAC8FC6AA9B3CC9E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the combination of a slender valva, a long, simple uncus, a unique, distally bilobed anellus (Fig. 128) and an apically deeply divided phallus (Fig. 129) distinguish Paratischeria neotropicana from other congeneric species. The host plant genus, Sida L. (Malvaceae), coincides with the host plant of only two other species, Astrotischeria scutifera sp. nov., described above, and the Nearctic A. omissa (Braun, 1927); however, A. scutifera sp. nov. and A. omissa belong to the genus Astrotischeria and are chracterized by a very different genitalic morphology.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03246FFC2DAC8FC6AA9B3CC9E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined BELIZE • 18 ♂♂, 15 ♀♀; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 17 Sep. – 17 Nov. 1997 and 6 Feb. – 13 Jun. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larvae on Sida sp.; field card nos 31 - 17 / 9 ♂, 2131 - 19 / 2 ♂, 1274 - 3 / 11 ♂, 2077 - 19 / 2 ♂, 1311 - 4 / 11 ♂, 1270 - 3 / 11 ♂, 2210 - 24 / 2 ♂, 1897 - 8 / 2 ♂, 2211 - 24 / 2 ♂, 1280 - 3 / 11 ♂, 319 - 25 / 9 ♂, 3683 - 13 / 6 ♂, 1302 - 4 / 11 ♂, 320 - 25 / 9 ♂, 681 - 13 / 10 ♂, 1309 - 17 / 11 ♂, 2078 - 19 / 2 ♂, 1787 - 6 / 2 ♂, 1312 - 4 / 11 ♀, 1277 - 27 / 10 ♀, 1282 - 3 / 11 ♀, 1276 - 27 / 10 ♀, 346 - 25 / 9 ♀, 1275 - 3 / 11 ♀, 1279 - 3 / 11 ♀, 342 - 25 / 9 ♀, 1271 - 3 / 11 ♀, 2848 - 2 / 4 ♀, 2185 - 24 / 2 ♀, 1785 - 6 / 2 ♀, 2209 - 24 / 2 ♀, 1300 - 4 / 11 ♀, 1313 - 4 / 11 ♀; genitalia slide nos 010316205 ♂, 010316206 ♂, 010316207 ♂, 010316208 ♂, 010316209 ♂, 010316210 ♂, 010316211 ♀; NHMUK 010289284 to 010289316.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03246FFC2DAC8FC6AA9B3CC9E.taxon	description	Description This species was described and illustrated by Diškus & Stonis (2015: 457 – 465, figs 9 – 27). Here, on the basis of the studied material, we provide the first photographic documentation of the male genitalia of this species from Las Cuevas (Figs 128 – 129).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03246FFC2DAC8FC6AA9B3CC9E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plants: various species of Sida L. (Malvaceae), including S. rhombifolia L. At Las Cuevas, larvae mine throughout the year. The leaf mine was ilustrated by Diškus & Stonis (2015: figs 9 – 11). Of 117 living mines collected and reared successfully, 37 (31.6 %) were parasitised. Flight period Based on the rearing data from Belize, adults are likely to occur throughout the year.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03246FFC2DAC8FC6AA9B3CC9E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Paratischeria neotropicana is the tischeriid species with the broadest distribution range yet documented in the Neotropics, having been recorded from various localities in Belize, Mexico, Guatemala, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia (Stonis & Solis 2020).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03244FFC5D939FCADAE73CFE9.taxon	description	Figs 29, 130 – 131	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03244FFC5D939FCADAE73CFE9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, Dishkeya gouaniae resembles the Nearctic D. bifurcata (Braun, 1915); however, D. gouaniae is distinguishable from the latter by its widely rounded vinculum, spiny juxta and slender apical processes of the phallus. The host plant, Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urb. (Rhamnaceae Juss.), makes D. gouaniae exceptional among all other Tischeriidae (the related D. bifurcata feeds on Ceanothus, another genus of Rhamnaceae).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03244FFC5D939FCADAE73CFE9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 19 Mar. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larvae on Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urb. (Rhamnaceae); field card no. 2529; genitalia slide no. 31442 ♂; NHMUK 010289317. Paratypes BELIZE • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; 25 Sep. 1997 and 6 Apr. – 3 Jul. 1998; field card nos 2966, 4213, 321; genitalia slide nos 31443 ♂, 010316202 ♂; NHMUK 010289318 to 010289320.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03244FFC5D939FCADAE73CFE9.taxon	description	Description This species was described and illustrated by Stonis & Diškus (2007: 1287 – 1291, figs 2, 3 a – c, 4 a – b).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03244FFC5D939FCADAE73CFE9.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urb. (Rhamnaceae). Larvae mine leaves in March – July and September. The leaf mine has a linear or corridor shape (not preserved by the collector with the reared specimens, and therefore not studied in detail). This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 12 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002). Of 25 living mines reared successfully, 14 (56 %) were parasitised. Flight period Based on reared specimens, adults occur during March – September.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03244FFC5D939FCADAE73CFE9.taxon	distribution	Distribution Currently known only from a single locality in Belize (Las Cuevas), at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03243FFC7D90AFD90A986CF55.taxon	description	Figs 30 – 31, 132 – 134	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03243FFC7D90AFD90A986CF55.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, Coptotriche pulverea resembles C. forsteroniae Stonis & Diškus, 2008; however, Coptotriche pulverea is distinguishable from the latter and all other Coptotriche by the extremely short, rod-like vinculum and the gradually narrowed, tulip-shaped apex of the phallus (in C. forsteroniae the apex of the phallus is rhomboid). The host plant, Terminalia amazonia (J. F. Gmel.) Exell (Combretaceae R. Br.) makes C. pulverea unique among all other Tischeriidae (the morphologically similar C. forsteroniae feeds on Forsteronia myriantha Donn. Sm., Apocynaceae Juss.).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03243FFC7D90AFD90A986CF55.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined BELIZE • 1 ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 3 – 16 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316204 ♂; NHMUK 010289321 • 1 ♂; Cayo District, San Ignacio, secondary forest; 17 ° 09 ′ 15 ″ N, 89 ° 04 ′ 04 ″ W; alt. 85 m; 17 – 18 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; NHMUK 010289323 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; NHMUK 010289324 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 13 Mar. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larvae on Terminalia amazonia (J. F. Gmel.) Exell (Combretaceae); field card no. 6.040 - 13 / 3; genitalia slide nos 010316203 ♂; NHMUK 010289322.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03243FFC7D90AFD90A986CF55.taxon	description	Description This species was redescribed and illustrated by Stonis et al. (2008: 165, 166, figs 1, 2 a – b, 3 a – e). Here, on the basis of the material from Belize, we provide the first photographic documentation of the male genitalia of the species (Figs 132 – 134).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03243FFC7D90AFD90A986CF55.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Terminalia amazonia (J. F. Gmel.) Exell (Combretaceae). Larvae mine leaves in March. The leaf mine starts as a corridor, broadening into a blotch as the larva develops. The leaf mine sample was not preserved by the collector with the reared specimen and is therefore not documented in detail. Flight period Based on specimens collected at light, adults occur in April. Based on reared specimens in Belize and the Caribbean (lectotype), adults also occur in March.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03243FFC7D90AFD90A986CF55.taxon	distribution	Distribution This species was described from the Caribbean (Virgin Is., USA) (Walsinhgam 1897) and was recently recorded from Belize (Stonis et al. 2008).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03241FFC7DAD7FE58A92EC9C7.taxon	description	Figs 32 – 34, 135 – 142	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03241FFC7DAD7FE58A92EC9C7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, Coptotriche forsteroniae resembles C. pulverea (Walsingham, 1897); however, C. forsteroniae is distinguishable from the latter and all other species of Coptotriche by the rhomboid apex of the phallus (Fig. 138). The host plant, Forsteronia myriantha Donn. Sm. (Apocynaceae), makes C. forsteroniae unique among all other Tischeriidae (the morphologically similar C. pulverea feeds on Terminalia amazonia (J. F. Gmel.) Exell (Combretaceae).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03241FFC7DAD7FE58A92EC9C7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, San Ignacio, secondary forest; 17 ° 09 ′ 15 ″ N, 89 ° 04 ′ 04 ″ W; alt. 85 m; 17 – 18 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 31446; NHMUK 010289325. Paratypes BELIZE • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; genitalia slide no. 31445 ♂; NHMUK 010289326 to 010289329 • 6 ♂♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 3 – 16 Apr. 1998; R. Puplesis and S. R. Hill leg.; at light; genitalia slide no. 010316200 ♂; NHMUK 010289330 to 010289335 • 4 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 24 Mar. 1998; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larvae on Forsteronia myriantha Donn. Sm. (Apocynaceae); genitalia slide nos 010316199 ♂, 010316201 ♂; NHMUK 010289336 to 010289339.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03241FFC7DAD7FE58A92EC9C7.taxon	description	Description The species was described and illustrated by Stonis & Diškus (2008: 104 – 105, fig. 5 a – c). Here, on the basis of the studied material, we are the first to provide photographic documentation of the male genitalia of the species (Figs 135 – 142).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03241FFC7DAD7FE58A92EC9C7.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology Host plant: Forsteronia myriantha Donn. Sm. (Apocynaceae). Larvae mine leaves in March and probably at other times of the year. The leaf mine has a blotch shape (not preserved with the reared specimens by the collector and therefore not studied in detail and undocumented). This species was listed as ‘ Tischeria sp. 8 ’ by Lewis et al. (2002). Of 6 living mines reared successfully, none were parasitised. Flight period Based on specimens collected at light, adults occur in April. Based on reared specimens, adults also occur in March.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D03241FFC7DAD7FE58A92EC9C7.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0324FFFC9D920FEFEA92ECB73.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis External characters are not sufficient for the identification of this species. In the male genitalia, the apically narrowing valva, absence of transtilla and highly specific, apically gradually widening phallus distinguish Coptotriche singularis from other congeneric species.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0324FFFC9D920FEFEA92ECB73.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype BELIZE • ♂; Cayo District, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas; 16 ° 43 ′ 53 ″ N, 88 ° 59 ′ 11 ″ W; alt. 550 m; 17 Sep. 1997; O. T. Lewis leg.; mining larva on Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae); field card no. 39 - 17 / 9; genitalia slide no. 31444 ♂; NHMUK 010289340.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0324FFFC9D920FEFEA92ECB73.taxon	description	Description The species was described and illustrated by Stonis & Diškus (2008: 104, figs 2 (male adult), 3 a – e (male genitalia )).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0324FFFC9D920FEFEA92ECB73.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology The larvae are leaf miners, creating a blotch-type mine, and the host plant is recorded as Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae). Only a single mine was reared successfully. Flight period Based on the single reared specimen, adults also occur in September or early October.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
883487D0324FFFC9D920FEFEA92ECB73.taxon	distribution	Distribution So far this species is known from a single locality in Belize, Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Las Cuevas, at an elevation of about 550 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Lewis, Owen T. (2020): Exceptional diversity of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) from a single tropical forest site in Belize, Central America. European Journal of Taxonomy 723: 33-76, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1143
