taxonID	type	description	language	source
8F5587B7745EFFBBC6C60408FD232FCE.taxon	description	(Figs. 4 – 5) LSID: urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 3 C 7 B 6499 - D 985 - 4 A 06 - BC 6 D- 55859384 F 919	en	Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Scherz, Mark D., Bletz, Molly C., Razafindraibe, Jary H., Glaw, Frank, Vences, Miguel (2019): Description of the lucky Cophyla (Microhylidae, Cophylinae), a new arboreal frog from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar. Zootaxa 4651 (2): 271-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4651.2.4
8F5587B7745EFFBBC6C60408FD232FCE.taxon	materials_examined	Remark. The calls of this species were described as those of Platypelis occultans (Marojejy) in Vences et al. (2005). This species has been figured as an unidentified Platypelis from Marojejy National Park in Glaw & Vences (2007: 135, Fig. 5 c) and listed as Cophyla sp. Ca 4 and Ca 04 in Rakotoarison et al. (2015), Scherz et al. (2016 b, 2017 b) and Peloso et al. (2017), and Cophyla sp. MRSN A 2660 in Tu et al. (2018).	en	Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Scherz, Mark D., Bletz, Molly C., Razafindraibe, Jary H., Glaw, Frank, Vences, Miguel (2019): Description of the lucky Cophyla (Microhylidae, Cophylinae), a new arboreal frog from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar. Zootaxa 4651 (2): 271-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4651.2.4
8F5587B7745EFFBBC6C60408FD232FCE.taxon	description	<2 <4 <3; finger discs broadly rounded to slightly bilobed; nuptial pads absent. Hindlimbs slender; tibiotarsal articu- lation reaching between forelimb and tympanum when hindlimb adpressed along body; tibia length 40 % of SVL; inner metatarsal tubercle small, oval; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; webbing between toes weakly developed, with traces of webbing between third and fourth toe; subarticular tubercles on toes single; toes flattened with rela- tively broad discs, broadly rounded to slightly bilobed; relative length of toes 1 <2 <3 <5 <4; third toe slightly shorter than fifth. Dorsal skin smooth, without dorsolateral folds. Ventral skin smooth on throat and chest and moderately granular on belly.	en	Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Scherz, Mark D., Bletz, Molly C., Razafindraibe, Jary H., Glaw, Frank, Vences, Miguel (2019): Description of the lucky Cophyla (Microhylidae, Cophylinae), a new arboreal frog from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar. Zootaxa 4651 (2): 271-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4651.2.4
8F5587B7745EFFBBC6C60408FD232FCE.taxon	materials_examined	Distribution. The species is known from lowlands in and close to Marojejy National Park, encompassing an elevational range from 310 – 456 m a. s. l. and probably including Manantenina village at ca. 65 m a. s. l. (S 14.496489, E 49.821839) where it was recorded as Cophyla occultans by Glaw & Vences (2007). We furthermore tentatively assign a specimen from Fanambana forest (Figs. 3, 6) to this species, based on molecular evidence (Fig. 1) (but note its bioacoustic differences as discussed below). We also assign specimens from near Sambava (ZFMK 59959 – 59960) to this species; they had similar calls to those from Marojejy (Vences et al. 2005) and identified call differences might result from higher recording temperatures, but their genetic identity is unknown, and thus their attribution to C. fortuna remains tentative as well. Natural history. The species occurs in rainforest at low elevations. Active at night, specimens were mostly found in bamboo forest. Calling occurred in the evening at dusk. Males were calling with the head directed upwards from leaves in the vegetation ca. 2 m above the ground. A large expanded vocal sac remains visible in the silent period between two calls. Each call is most probably produced during one expiration. Calls were recorded in November and February, suggesting prolonged reproductive activity in the rainy season. Numerous specimens were found infested with trombiculid mites, probably of the genus Endotrombicula (Wohltmann et al. 2007), especially on fingers, toes and limbs but also on the belly and vocal sac (visible in Figs. 4 a, b, e, h). The holotype was observed exhibiting jerky hand and foot movements whilst calling, as though it were fending off small biting insects, but none were observed on or near it during the recording (video deposited at https: // youtu. be / Kjw 10 jofNSY); possibly this behavior is directed at mites. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin noun fortuna, meaning luck, and is used as a noun in apposition to the generic name. The new species is fortunate to be found largely within a protected area and apparently may be ecologically lucky in being able to survive in relict bamboo stands and thus less heavily impacted by deforestation than other frogs. Variation. All morphologically studied paratypes have larger body size than the holotype (Table 1). In all paratypes, the second finger is slightly shorter than fourth and the third toe is slightly shorter than the fifth toe. Based on the single female available, ZSM 468 / 2016 (ZCMV 15082), females are larger than males (Table 1). The smallest specimen ZSM 467 / 2016 (SVL 17.5 mm) was observed calling, confirming this small body size refers to a mature male. During the day, all specimens have a beige ground coloration with a dark brown pattern of irregular speckles and markings of different intensity. In some specimens (Fig. 4 c), only small irregularly scattered dark spots are spread over the dorsal surface, with a dark tympanic fold, a dark crossline between the eyes, some yellowish color in the inguinal region, and faint yellowish-orange discs of fingers and toes. In other individuals (Fig. 4 g), the dark pattern is much denser, forming a dark teddy-bear shaped marking on the head and irregular crossbands on the limbs. The iris is light metallic brown. The ventral side is largely unpigmented and translucent, which causes a pinkish tone on the throat and especially on the belly and ventral side of hindlimbs; some small and indistinct darker spots are often present in the chest region. Call. The following call description refers to the calls of seven different specimens. The calls were recorded in three different localities at Marojejy National Park, at air temperatures of approximately 18 – 20 ° C and 25 ° C, respectively. The advertisement call consists of a single-note tonal call repeated in a long series (Fig. 7). Calls were recorded (1) by M. D. Scherz on 22 November 2016 at Marojejy National Park low elevation from the holotype, specimen ZSM 467 / 2016 (MSZC 260), (2) by M. D. Scherz on 16 November 2016 at Camp Mantella, Marojejy National Park from specimen ZSM 470 / 2016 (ZCMV 15142), (3) by M. Vences on 16 November 2016 at Camp Mantella, Marojejy National Park from specimen ZSM 471 / 2016 (ZCMV 15147), (4) by M. Vences on 16 November 2016 at Camp Mantella, Marojejy National Park from specimen ZSM 472 / 2016 (ZCMV 15151), and (5) by F. Glaw on 22 February 1995 at 25 ° C air temperature at Marojejy National Park, low elevation (ca. 300 m a. s. l.) from three males (among them ZFMK 59940 – 59941, pooled in Table 2 as Rakotoarison et al. 2015). Detailed call parameters for the new species and new comparative temporal and spectral call data for C. noromalalae and the specimens referred to C. cf. fortuna from Sambava and Fanambana are provided in Table 2. Summarizing the data for all these specimens (but not considering the tentatively assigned recordings from south of Sambava and Fanambana; Table 2), the call of C. fortuna sp. nov. has a call duration of 411 – 531 ms, a duration of inter-call intervals of 1126 – 2999 ms, and an approximate prevalent bandwidth of 3450 – 3950 Hz.	en	Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Scherz, Mark D., Bletz, Molly C., Razafindraibe, Jary H., Glaw, Frank, Vences, Miguel (2019): Description of the lucky Cophyla (Microhylidae, Cophylinae), a new arboreal frog from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar. Zootaxa 4651 (2): 271-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4651.2.4
