taxonID	type	description	language	source
8F2F701CFFCE5C66E7C38E4EFE3AF7AE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: NMST-Pol H- 622, 29 mm long, 5 mm wide, sex unknown, off Shima Peninsula, St. 1, 103 – 104 m depth, 12 October 2016, collected by NJ (right parapodium of chaetiger 5 was removed for observation; it is preserved in 70 % ethanol in a 2.0 ml plastic tube, which is contained in the same glass vial together with the rest of the body). Paratypes (14 specimens): NSMT-Pol P- 623 – 624, five specimens, 11 – 19 mm long, 2 mm wide, sex unknown, off Shima Peninsula, St. 1 (NSMT-Pol P- 623, four specimens) and St. 2 (NSMT-Pol P- 624, one specimen), 12 October 2016, collected by NJ; NSMT-Pol P- 625, one specimen, 25 mm long, 4 mm wide, male (sperm present in each segment’s gonads), Sagami Bay St. 2, 104 – 111 m depth, 27 April 2016, collected by MT; NSMT-Pol P- 626, three specimens examined by Okanishi et al. (2016), 6 – 16 mm long, 2 mm wide, sex unknown, off Shirahama, 164 – 169 m depth, 27 May 2015, collected by NJ; NSMT-Pol R 176, two specimens examined by Imajima (2003, 2007), 21 – 24 mm long, 3 mm wide, sex unknown, Sagami Bay, 110 – 120 m depth, 14 March 1954, collected by the late Emperor Showa; NSMT-Pol R 968, one specimen examined by Imajima (2003, 2007), 21 mm long, 3 mm, sex unknown, Sagami Bay, 85 – 90 m depth, 24 January 1965, collected by the late Emperor Showa; NSMT-Pol P- 627: one specimen examined by Imajima (2007), 16 mm long, 3 mm wide, sex unknown, Suruga Bay, 92 m depth, 4 October 1995, collected by the late Dr. Minoru Imajima (MI); NSMT-Pol P- 628: one specimen examined by Imajima (2007), 24 mm long, 3 mm wide, sex unknown, Suruga Bay, 86 – 91 m depth, 8 February 1978, collected by MI. Sequence. LC 258082, COI gene, 630 bp, determined from the holotype.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCE5C66E7C38E4EFE3AF7AE.taxon	description	Description. Holotype 29 mm long, 5 mm wide in chaetiger 7 (not including parapodia), 21 segments, 16 chaetigers. Body cylindrical, tapered in posterior region (Fig. 1 A, B), transparent in life (Fig. 1 A) and whitish in ethanol; dorsal integument annulated, with 15 – 17 transverse wrinkles per segment. Dorsum with numerous, thin, transverse discontinuous brown lines, extended into lateral cushions, varying in length, decreasing in size laterally (Fig. 1 A, C); ventrally, black spots of different size and shape arranged along mid-ventral groove, in chaetal lobe regions, two larger spots better developed along chaetigers 4 – 15 (Fig. 1 B). Prostomium rectangular, slightly wider than long, mid-dorsally with shallow depression, square in shape from dorsal view (Fig. 1 D). Median antenna cirriform, smooth, tapered, inserted in central part of prostomium, extended beyond anterior prostomial margin, 1.1 times longer (and thinner) than lateral antenna, surpassing palpophores. Lateral antennae tapered, smooth, on anterior edge of prostomium. Palps bi-articulated, 0.9 – 1 times longer than lateral antennae, palpophore two times longer than palpostyle, bent laterally, pointed to body sides, external to antennae (Fig. 1 D). Eyes brownish, two pairs, on mid-lateral part of prostomium; anterior pair slightly larger and more separated than posterior one (Fig. 1 D). Facial tubercle present mid-ventrally on prostomium; cushion-shaped appendage present between palps and tentacular cirri on each side (Fig. 1 E); papillose peristomial membrane absent. Tentacular cirri eight pairs, long, thick; longest one reaching chaetiger 10. Lateral cushions low, barely projected dorsally, slightly projected laterally, undivided, with 17 – 18 longitudinal wrinkles per side (Fig. 1 C). Parapodia uniform throughout; with chaetal lobes tapered, truncate, as long as wide (Fig. 2 A); dorsal cirri with cirrophores, latter being cylindrical, smooth, about twice longer than wide (Fig. 2 B); cirrostyle very long, whip-like, smooth basally, annulated medially and distally, longer than body width (including parapodia). Ventral cirri basally smooth, rugose medially and distally, surpassing chaetal lobe, reaching up to half length of neurochaetal bundle (Fig. 2 C). Neuropodial acicula black, tapered; acicular lobe single, thick, digitate, tapered into a small mucro (Fig. 2 D). Neurochaetae about 20 per bundle (Fig. 2 E); handle greenish; blade pale brownish, bidentate, 5 times longer than wide; with subdistal tooth short, blunt, 0.4 times longer than apical tooth; guard tooth absent (Fig. 2 F). Cirri of prepygidial segment broken; pygidium smooth, depressed, with paired cirri; anus located dorso-terminally, with about 10 anal papillae. Pharynx dissected in holotype, about 20 low cushion-like terminal papillae present (Fig. 1 F); dorsal jaw two plates, ventral jaw one plate. Variation. Dorsal transverse lines and ventral black spots faded in some paratype specimens.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCE5C66E7C38E4EFE3AF7AE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is a noun in the genitive plural, after a Japanese marine ecologist Dr. Taeko Kimura and a malacologist Mr. Shoichi Kimura, who organized the cruise of the TRV Seisui - maru of Mie University, during which a part of the type specimens, including the holotype, of the new species were collected.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCE5C66E7C38E4EFE3AF7AE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Pacific coast of middle Honshu, Japan: 85 – 169 m depth, collected with hexactinellid sponges.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCE5C66E7C38E4EFE3AF7AE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Our specimens undoubtedly belong to Leocratides because their body consists of 21 segments, the anterior cirri are in eight pairs, the neurochaetae are bidentate, the palps are bi-articulated, the parapodia are uniramous, and the jaws are present, all agreeing with the generic diagnosis provided by previous researchers (Pettibone 1970; Pleijel 1998; Rizzo and Salazar-Vallejo 2014; Salazar-Vallejo 2016). Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. differs from L. filamentosus in the lateral antennae because they are as long as palps in L. kimuraorum sp. nov. but shorter than palps in L. filamentosus, and there is no papillose peristomial membrane in L. kimuraorum sp. nov. whereas it is present in L. filamentosus. It can also be distinguished from L. ehlersi by the pharyngeal terminal papillae (present in L. kimuraorum sp. nov. vs. absent in L. ehlersi) (Horst 1921; Pleijel 1998). Because we were not able to examine Hessle’s (1925) voucher material from Misaki, identified as “ Leocrates ehlersi ”, its taxonomic identity remains uncertain, inasmuch as the morphological features illustrated in his figure (Hessle 1925: fig. 3) apply both to L. ehlersi and L. kimuraorum sp. nov. We examined some of Imajima’s (2003, 2007) voucher material from Sagami and Suruga Bays and noticed that his descriptions contain several errors. For instance, Imajima (2003, 2007) noted that there were two to five transverse wrinkles on the dorsal integument in each segment, whereas there are actually 15 – 17 wrinkles per segment. When it comes to the pharyngeal terminal papillae, Imajima (2003, 2007) stated that these were absent, although the papillae are in fact present in his voucher specimens. Therefore, we can confidently regard his material as belonging to L. kimuraorum sp. nov.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCB5C64E7A38CE5FD05F7AF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Nine specimens: NMST-Pol 113219, one specimen, sex unknown, Sagami Bay, St. 1, 213 – 255 m depth, 29 June 2011, collected by MT (right parapodium of chaetiger 10 removed for observation; preserved in 70 % ethanol in a 2.0 ml plastic tube, kept in the same vial together with the rest of the body); NSMT-Pol 113220, eight specimens, one female and others of unknown sex, Sagami Bay, St. 3, 292 – 375 m depth, 15 February 2017, collected by NJ, MT, HK. Sequence. LC 258083, COI gene, 592 bp, determined from a specimen of NSMT-Pol 113220.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCB5C64E7A38CE5FD05F7AF.taxon	description	Description. 14 – 30 mm long, 2 – 4 mm wide in chaetiger 7 (not including parapodia), 21 segments, 16 chaetigers; right parapodium of chaetiger 10 removed for observation. Body cylindrical, tapered in posterior region, transparent in live (Fig. 3 A, B), whitish in ethanol; dorsal integument annulated, with 12 – 17 transverse wrinkles per segment. Brown lines on dorsal surface absent (Fig. 3 A, C); ventrally with black spots of varying size and shape arranged along median groove, in some places roughly on two rows, in chaetigers 5 – 16; some spots being particularly larger than others, arranged laterally in pair along line between parapodia in each segment, especially prominent in chaetigers 7 – 11 (Fig. 3 B). Prostomium rectangular, longer than wide, mid-dorsally with shallow depression, square in shape from dorsal view (Fig. 3 D). Median antenna conical, smooth, in central part of prostomium, not reaching anterior prostomial margin, 1.3 times longer than lateral antennae. Lateral antennae conical, smooth, on anterior edge of prostomium. Palps bi-articulated, 1.2 times longer than lateral antennae, palpophore four times longer than palpostyle, ventral to antennae (Fig. 3 D). Eyes brownish, two pairs, on mid-lateral part of prostomium, anterior pair slightly larger and more separated than posterior one (Fig. 3 D). Facial tubercle present mid-ventrally on prostomium; papillose peristomial membrane present (Fig. 3 E). Tentacular cirri eight pairs, long, thick; longest one reaching chaetiger 6. Lateral cushions low, barely projected dorsally, slightly projected laterally, undivided, with 7 – 8 longitudinal wrinkles per one lateral cushion (Fig. 3 C). Parapodia uniform throughout; chaetal lobes cylindrical, truncate, as long as wide (Fig. 4 A); dorsal cirri with cirrophores cylindrical, smooth, 1.3 times longer than wide (Fig. 4 B); cirrostyle whip-like, smooth, annulated, longer than body width (without parapodia). Ventral cirri basally rugose, surpassing chaetal lobe, reaching up to half length of neurochaetal bundle (Fig. 4 C). Neuropodial acicula black, tapered; acicular lobe single, wider basally, tip digitate, long (Fig. 4 D). Neurochaetae about 20 per bundle (Fig. 4 E); handle greenish; blade yellowish, bidentate, six times longer than wide; with subdistal tooth 0.5 times longer than apical tooth; guard absent (Fig. 4 F). Cirri of prepygidial segment broken; pygidium smooth, depressed, with paired cirri; anus dorso-terminal, with about eight anal papillae. Pharynx dissected, about 20 terminal low cushion-like terminal papillae present (Fig. 3 F); dorsal jaw two plates, ventral jaw one plates. Confirmed distribution. From Sagami Bay, Japan to Indonesia, 213 – 677 m depth, in hexactinellid sponges.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
8F2F701CFFCB5C64E7A38CE5FD05F7AF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Imajima (2003, 2007) reported “ Leocratides filamentosus ” from Japanese waters. However, as indicated above Imajima’s (2003, 2007) specimens from Sagami and Suruga Bays actually belong to L. kimuraorum sp. nov. Imajima (2005, 2006) also reported “ L. filamentosus ” from off Izu-Oshima Island, Sagami Bay, and several other localities off the Nansei Islands, southwestern Japan, but neither morphological accounts nor the basis of his identifications were provided. We searched unregistered polychaete collection in NSMT for the voucher specimens that substantiate Imajima’s (2005, 2006) records of his “ L. filamentosus ” from Izu-Oshima Island, Sagami Bay, and the Nansei Islands, but were not able to locate them. This makes the validity of these records of “ L. filamentosus ” rather obscure. Thus, we conclude that there has been no reliable distributional records of L. filamentosus from Japanese waters and this study represents the first record of the species for Japan. Out of the type locality and Japanese waters, Rullier (1972) and Belal and Ghobashy (2012) also reported “ Leocratides filamentosus ” from extremely shallow depths (up to 8 m depth) in New Caledonia and Lake Timsah of the Suez Canal, Egypt, respectively. However, these studies provided only a brief account or an inadequate illustration and we consider these records are doubtful.	en	Jimi, Naoto, Tanaka, Masaatsu, Kajihara, Hiroshi (2017): Leocratides (Annelida: Hesionidae) from the Pacific Coast of Middle Honshu, Japan, with a Description of Leocratides kimuraorum sp. nov. Species Diversity 22: 133-141, DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_133
