identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
8C4F252BFFC5685CCE34FA593CC85314.text	8C4F252BFFC5685CCE34FA593CC85314.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dyakiidae Gude & Woodward 1921	<div><p>FAMILY DYAKIIDAE GUDE &amp; WOODWARD, 1921</p><p>GENUS PSEUDOQUANTULA JIRAPATRASILP &amp; PANHA</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C4F252BFFC5685CCE34FA593CC85314	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jirapatrasilp, Parin;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai;Liew, Thor-Seng;Pholyotha, Arthit;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Panha, Somsak	Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Liew, Thor-Seng, Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Panha, Somsak (2021): Molecular phylogeny of the limacoid snail family Dyakiidae in Southeast Asia, with the description of a new genus and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 193
8C4F252BFFDF6844CE16FE103BD9511B.text	8C4F252BFFDF6844CE16FE103BD9511B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phuphania crossei	<div><p>PHUPHANIA CROSSEI (PFEIFFER, 1862) COMB. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 5C, D, 6B, 7B, 8B)</p><p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act: 8701796D-C54F-4A07-B29E-ADCD6351E3B4</p><p>Synonymy</p><p>Helix crossei Pfeiffer, 1862: 39, pl. 5, figs 2, 3. Type locality: Siam [Thailand] .</p><p>Helix danae Pfeiffer, 1863 [1862]: 268. Type locality: Laos Mountains, Camboja [Cambodia or Laos]. New Synonym.</p><p>Nanina (Xestina) crossei – Kobelt, 1900: 983, 984, pl. 255, fig. 5, pl. 256, figs 3, 4.</p><p>Nanina (Xestina) danae – Kobelt, 1902: 1076, pl. 273, figs 4–6.</p><p>Euplecta danae – Gude, 1903: 6.</p><p>Hemiplecta crossei – Gude, 1903: 7.</p><p>Nanina (Hemiplecta) crossei – Fischer &amp; Dautzenberg, 1904: 393.</p><p>Nanina (Hemiplecta) danae – Fischer &amp; Dautzenberg, 1904: 393.</p><p>Hemiplecta (Hemiplecta) crossei – Hemmen &amp; Hemmen, 2001: 43.</p><p>Hemiplecta (Hemiplecta) danae – Hemmen &amp; Hemmen, 2001: 44.</p><p>Ariophanta (Cryptozona) crossei – Schileyko, 2011: 29.</p><p>Ariophanta (Cryptozona) danae – Schileyko, 2011: 29.</p><p>Ariophanta crossei – Inkhavilay et al., 2019: 74, fig. 34b.</p><p>Ariophanta danae – Inkhavilay et al., 2019: 74, fig. 34c.</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>S y n t y p e o f H e l i x c r o s s e i P f e i f f e r, 1 8 6 2, MNHN-IM-2000-1869 (one shell; Inkhavilay et al., 2019: fig. 34b). Syntype of Helix danae Pfeiffer, 1863, NHMUK 20092043 (one shell; Inkhavilay et al., 2019: fig. 34c).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Sakunotayan Waterfall, Wang Thong District, Phitsanulok Province: CUMZ 5142 (nine shells), 5145 (two specimens in ethanol). Pa Ma Muang Temple, Ban Mung, Nern Maprang District, Phitsanulok Province: CUMZ 5137 (four shells), CUMZ 5141 (eight shells). Tam Wang Daeng, Nern Maprang District, Phitsanulok Province: CUMZ 5138 (six shells), CUMZ 5140 (one shell), CUMZ 5164 (seven shells). Khao Look Chang, Pakchong District, Nakhon Ratchasrima Province: CUMZ 5139 (two shells), CUMZ 5148 (one specimen in ethanol), CUMZ 5167 (one shell). Tam Yai Nam-nao, Nam-nao District, Phetchabun Province: CUMZ 5144 (one shell). Sap Chomphu Arboretum, Nong Pai District, Phetchabun Province: CUMZ 5146 (one specimen in ethanol), CUMZ 5169 (39 shells). Muak Lek Waterfall, Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province: CUMZ 5143 (one shell). Jed Kot Waterfall, Kaeng Koy District, Saraburi Province: CUMZ 5147 (four specimens in ethanol; Figs 5C, D, 6B, 7B), CUMZ 5168 (seven shells). Wat Tham Phra Phothisat, Kaeng Koy District, Saraburi Province: CUMZ 5272 (four specimens in ethanol; Fig. 8B), CUMZ 5273 (22 shells). Khao Sala, Bau Chet District, Surin Province: CUMZ 5149 (one shell) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Shell conic, brownish, with last whorl angular and umbilicus narrow. Penis enlarged and cylindrical. Amatorial organ gland fused lobes with three clusters of amatorial organ ducts and forming a cap over amatorial organ; amatorial organ papilla with corneous spike.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shell (Fig. 6B): Shell medium (width ≤ 35.0 mm, height ≤ 24.5 mm), conic to slightly depressed conic, thickened and dull, dextral and narrow perforate. Whorls six to eight, increasing regularly; suture wide and little depressed. Shell colour brownish to yellowish; below periphery with paler colour than upper periphery. Spire convex; apex acute; embryonic shell small and with fine radial ridges. Shell surface coarse, with nodule lines arranged on fine radial ridges; below periphery with nearly smooth surface around umbilicus. Last whorl angular, with weak peripheral keel. Aperture ovate; parietal callus transparent; lip simple, slightly thickened and little expanded near columellar area. Columella slightly dilated. Umbilicus perforate, narrow and deep.</p><p>Genitalia (Fig.5C,D): Atrium very short compared with penis. Penis enlarged, cylindrical and suddenly tapering to small tube. Epiphallus long, almost same length as penis and approximately similar in diameter to penis. Penial retractor muscle thin and attached between penis and epiphallus. Flagellum absent. Vas deferens smaller in diameter than epiphallus and connected at tip of epiphallus. Internal wall of penis with large and nearly smooth-surfaced longitudinal pilasters for entire length of chamber; penial verge absent.</p><p>Gametolytic organ (duct and sac) locates very near the end of amatorial organ. Gametolytic duct cylindrical tube; gametolytic sac gradually swollen to the end. Amatorial organ well developed, enlarged cylinder and attached to atrium. Amatorial organ gland fused lobes, covered amatorial organ ducts and forming a cap over amatorial organ gland. Amatorial organ duct consists of three clusters of ducts; tip of amatorial organ with thin connective tissue. Internal wall sculpture of amatorial organ: region close to atrium consists of smooth surface of longitudinal amatorial organ pilasters; area surrounding papilla consists of corrugated wall. Amatorial organ papilla enlarged, smooth surface and obtuse in shape; tipped with dark spike.</p><p>Vagina about same length as penis and cylindrical. Oviduct with enlarged lobules; prostate gland bound to oviduct. Internal wall of vagina: area close to atrium sculptured with irregular, undulated pilasters of similar size and arranged in longitudinal rows then with unpattern irregular surface.</p><p>Radula (Fig. 7B): Teeth arranged in very wideangled U-shaped rows, with ~150 (90-(25–27)-1- (23–26)-60+) teeth. Central tooth relatively small, slightly asymmetric bicuspid, and with pointed cusps. Lateral teeth relatively large, asymmetric tricuspid, elongated in shape and inclined towards central tooth. Mesocone large and pointed cusp; endocone and ectocone very small and pointed cusps. Marginal teeth start from tooth 23–27, elongate, unicuspid and sword shaped; outermost teeth shorter, with apically pointed tip.</p><p>External features (Fig. 8B): Living snail typical dyakiid form; body reticulated and yellowish brown. Upper tentacles long and dark grey; lower tentacles shorter and paler in colour. Dorsal part darker, especially near the head. Foot aulacopod and unipartite; foot sole same colour as the body and unspotted.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species has previously been assigned to the family Ariophantidae, for the lack of a prominent keel similar to some ariophantid genera, such as Ariophanta Des Moulins, 1829 and Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 . However, its exact familial or generic assignment could not be resolved owing to the lack of anatomical data. Two nominal species, Helix crossei and H. danae, were described in consecutive years by L. Pfeiffer, with a rather generic type locality of ‘Siam’ and ‘Lao Mountains, Camboja’, respectively. The latter taxon was described based on the Cuming ex. Mouhot collection. Hence, the specimen probably originated from the last journey of H. Mouhot between Bangkok, Thailand and Luang Phrabang, Laos (see Mouhot, 1864; Inkhavilay et al., 2019). We presume that the type specimen of H. danae was collected from the same geographical area as H. crossei . Specifically, the type localities were possibly in north-eastern Thailand, which is within the current distributional range of recently examined specimens. In addition, the syntypes of both nominal species were identical in all shell characters (Inkhavilay et al., 2019). Thus, we consider these names as synonyms.</p><p>Phuphania crossei differs from its congeners in having a stronger peripheral keel, more slender gametolytic organ with a longer and more distinct gametolytic duct, and possessing a corneous spike on the amatorial organ papilla, which is absent in other species. The shell and genitalia of this species are more similar to Phuphania costata and Phuphania carinata than to Phuphania globosa in having a peripheral keel and distinct radial ribs, elongate marginal teeth and the lobes of the amatorial organ gland fusing as a thick sac that contains two to four clusters of internal ducts (Kongim &amp; Panha, 2013; Tumpeesuwan &amp; Tumpeesuwan, 2014). However, Phuphania crossei has more compact amatorial organ glands and shows a less distinct demarcation between the amatorial organ and its glands. This morphological similarity among Phuphania carinata, Phuphania costata and Phuphania crossei agrees well with the molecular phylogenetic relationship (Fig. 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C4F252BFFDF6844CE16FE103BD9511B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jirapatrasilp, Parin;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai;Liew, Thor-Seng;Pholyotha, Arthit;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Panha, Somsak	Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Liew, Thor-Seng, Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Panha, Somsak (2021): Molecular phylogeny of the limacoid snail family Dyakiidae in Southeast Asia, with the description of a new genus and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 193
8C4F252BFFDD6845CDB6F93F3DCF511E.text	8C4F252BFFDD6845CDB6F93F3DCF511E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoplecta bijuga (Stoliczka 1873)	<div><p>PSEUDOPLECTA BIJUGA (STOLICZKA, 1873)</p><p>(FIGS 6C–F, 7C, 8C, 9)</p><p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act: 05AD59EE-788B-4597-BEA9-704F892F2184</p><p>Synonymy</p><p>Rotula bijuga – Stoliczka, 1873: 14–16, pl. 1, figs 4–7, pl. 2, figs 16–18. Type locality: Penang.</p><p>Macrochlamys pataniensis – Morgan, 1885: 376, pl. 5, fig. 5. Type locality: Naxa dans le district de Rhaman, royaume de Patani .</p><p>Rotularia bijuga – Morgan, 1885: 378.</p><p>Nanina (Rotula) bijuga – Tryon, 1886: 22, pl. 4, figs 56–59.</p><p>Euplecta bijuga – Möllendorff, 1891: 332. – Collinge, 1903: 208.</p><p>Euplecta pataniensis – Möllendorff, 1891: 333.</p><p>Otesia bijuga convexospira – Möllendorff, 1902: 137. Type locality: Kelantan, Ostküste der Halbinsel Malacca. New synonym .</p><p>Pseudoplecta bijuga – Laidlaw, 1932: 91–93, figs 7, 8. – Laidlaw, 1933: 227, 228. – Schileyko, 2003: 1363, 1364, fig. 1779. – Schileyko, 2007: 2112, fig. 1779a. – Foon et al., 2017: 65, fig. 25b.</p><p>Pseudoplecta bijuga bijuga – Maassen, 2001: 104.</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Possible syntypes of Rotula bijuga Stoliczka, 1873, NHMUK 20200203 (two shells; Fig. 6C). Syntype o f M a c r o c h l a m y s p a t a n i e n s i s M o r g a n, 1 8 8 5, MNHN-IM-2000-34171 (three shells; Fig. 6D).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Berenchang Road, Cameron Highlands 4500 ft., NHMUK 1933.3.24.2-3 (two shells; labelled as paratypes of Pseudoplecta cameroni n. gen. ? n. sp. MSS; Fig. 6E). Gua Matu Madu, Gua Musang, Kelantan, Malaysia: CUMZ 5150 (three specimens in ethanol; Figs 7C, 8C, 9), CUMZ 5151 (one shell; Fig. 6F) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Shell small, slightly thin, depressed to ovate conic, with fine radial ridges. Penis long, with penial verge inside. Gametolytic organ located close to terminal part of amatorial organ; amatorial organ gland and duct absent; amatorial organ papilla without corneous spike.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shell (Fig. 6C–F): Shell small (width ≤ 17.8 mm, height ≤ 11.3 mm), dextral, slightly thin, strongly depressed to ovate conic and moderately translucent. Whorls six to eight, little convex and increasing regularly; suture wide and shallow. Shell colour corneous; upper and below periphery with indistinct colour. Apex acute; embryonic shell with nearly smooth surface and ~1½ whorls. Following whorls with series of thin nodules arranged on fine radial ridges; upper periphery with strong radial ridges and weaker below. Last whorl angulated, with strong peripheral keel. Aperture subovate and oblique; lip simple and slightly thickened. Columella little dilated; parietal callus transparent. Umbilicus perforate and deep.</p><p>Genitalia (Fig. 9): Atrium short. Penis close to atrium enlarged, cylindrical and gradually tapering to small tube. Epiphallus long, almost the same length as penis and approximately similar diameter to penis. Penial retractor muscle with thick band, very short compared with penis, and attached between penis and epiphallus. Flagellum absent. Vas deferens relatively smaller diameter than epiphallus and connected at tip of epiphallus. Internal wall of penis with large and corrugated penial pilasters surrounding penial verge and nearly smooth surface close to atrium; penial verge small and low conical shape.</p><p>Gametolytic organ (duct and sac) close to terminal part of amatorial organ. Gametolytic duct cylindrical tube; gametolytic sac enlarged at the end. Amatorial organ well-developed cylinder and attached to atrium; region close to atrium swollen, round (with amatorial organ papilla inside); region close to gametolytic sac enlarged cylinder, with thick retractor muscle. Amatorial organ gland and duct absent. Internal wall sculpture of amatorial organ: close to atrium consists of irregular and smooth-surfaced amatorial organ pilasters, gradually modified to corrugated and nearly smooth wall. Amatorial organ papilla obtuse in shape, with corrugated surface; corneous spike absent.</p><p>Vagina about two-thirds the length of penis and cylindrical. Oviduct with enlarged lobules; prostate gland bound to oviduct. Internal wall of vagina mostly sculptured with irregular, undulated pilasters of similar size and arranged in longitudinal rows.</p><p>Radula (Fig. 7C): Teeth arranged in wide-angled U-shaped rows, with ~190 (93-(22–20)-1-(21–23)-98). Central tooth symmetric tricuspid with triangularshaped mesocone; ectocones small and dull cusp. Lateral teeth asymmetric tricuspid, triangular in shape and inclined towards central tooth; endocone and ectocone nearly wanting. Marginal teeth start from tooth 20–23, elongate, obliquely bicuspid and sword shaped; endocone large and pointed cusp; ectocone small and pointed cusp. Outermost teeth shorter than inner teeth and ectocone small.</p><p>External features (Fig. 8C): Living snail typical dyakiid form; body reticulated and pale orange. Tentacles long and brown. Dorsal part darker, with black stripes running from base of tentacles to pneumostome. Foot</p><p>aulacopod and unipartite; foot sole brownish to orange and unspotted.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species was originally described from Penang [Island, Malaysia], with detailed description and illustration by Stoliczka (1873). Later, de Morgan (1885) described Macrochlamys pataniensis from ‘Naxa dans le district de Rhaman, royaume de Patani’ [Raman District, Pattani Province, Thailand] as a distinct species, without any detail on internal anatomy. These two nominal species have been treated as distinct ever since, and their generic placements were hypothetical. Later, Laidlaw (1932) could not affiliate Stoliczka’s species to any existing genus and therefore introduced the genus Pseudoplecta, and Laidlaw (1933) treated M. pataniensis as a junior synonym to this species. Here, we synonymize M. pataniensis with Pseudoplecta bijuga because this species shows a large variation in spire height [see Stoliczka (1873): pl. 1, figs 4–7], and M. pataniensis is considered to be within the range of this variation. In addition, the shell-based description of Otesia bijuga convexospira by von Möllendorff (1902) is also contained within the variation, and the type locality was within the distributional range of this species. Hence, we treat this nominal taxon as a synonym of Pseudoplecta bijuga .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C4F252BFFDD6845CDB6F93F3DCF511E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jirapatrasilp, Parin;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai;Liew, Thor-Seng;Pholyotha, Arthit;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Panha, Somsak	Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Liew, Thor-Seng, Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Panha, Somsak (2021): Molecular phylogeny of the limacoid snail family Dyakiidae in Southeast Asia, with the description of a new genus and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 193
8C4F252BFFDD6844CDABFBD13862500B.text	8C4F252BFFDD6844CDABFBD13862500B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoplecta Laidlaw 1932	<div><p>GENUS PSEUDOPLECTA LAIDLAW, 1932</p><p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act: 51FAB8D6-15A6-4D10-8C66-AC8B4F11FE81</p><p>Type species</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C4F252BFFDD6844CDABFBD13862500B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jirapatrasilp, Parin;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai;Liew, Thor-Seng;Pholyotha, Arthit;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Panha, Somsak	Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Liew, Thor-Seng, Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Panha, Somsak (2021): Molecular phylogeny of the limacoid snail family Dyakiidae in Southeast Asia, with the description of a new genus and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 193
8C4F252BFFDD6844CDF1FA943B20537B.text	8C4F252BFFDD6844CDF1FA943B20537B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rotula bijuga Stoliczka 1873	<div><p>Rotula bijuga Stoliczka, 1873 by monotypy.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>As the type species.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Currently, this genus is composed of only a single species. The genus has a narrow distribution in the central part of Malay Peninsula (southern Thailand to the central part of Peninsular Malaysia).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C4F252BFFDD6844CDF1FA943B20537B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Jirapatrasilp, Parin;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai;Liew, Thor-Seng;Pholyotha, Arthit;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Panha, Somsak	Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Liew, Thor-Seng, Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Panha, Somsak (2021): Molecular phylogeny of the limacoid snail family Dyakiidae in Southeast Asia, with the description of a new genus and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 193
