identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
8C6F0D097A4BFF9C43A5F94CFDC0457D.text	8C6F0D097A4BFF9C43A5F94CFDC0457D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Idionyx gomantakensis Subramanian, Rangnekar & Naik 2013	<div><p>Idionyx gomantakensis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Plates 1–5)</p><p>Holotype (mature male in paper envelope): INDIA: Goa: South Goa district: Kulem (=Collem), N15.334°, E74.273°, altitude 103m; 13/VII/2008. Leg Parag Rangnekar. Deposited at Central Entomological Laboratory, National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata-700 0 53, India. Reg. No: 4871/H13; Odonata Type Register Page No. 57, dated 05/10/2012.</p><p>Paratype (mature female in alcohol): INDIA: Goa: South Goa district: Kulem (=Collem): N15.334°, E74.273°, altitude 103m; 29/V/2012. Leg Rohan Naik and Parag Rangnekar. Deposited at Central Entomological Laboratory, National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata-700 0 53, India. Reg. No: 4872/ H13; Odonata Type Register Page No. 57, dated 05/10/2012.</p><p>Specimens examined: One mature male and female with collection data as above. One more male was seen and photographed from the type locality but could not be captured (Plate 1F). Details of other specimens studied for comparison are provided in Table 1.</p><p>Description (Plates 1–5). Male holotype: Head: Eyes emerald green in life, brown in dry preservation. Frons tumid, pitted and shallowly grooved with metallic dark green colouration. Vertex metallic dark green; vesicle simple, oval and conical above. Labium, labrum, anteclypeus and postclypeus dull yellow. Median ocellus cream coloured. Thorax: Prothorax black with broad yellow stripe, covered dorsally with fine yellow pubescence. Pterothorax metallic green with fine yellow pubescence dorsally. Mesinfraepisternum and adjoining lowest part of mesepisternum brownish green, same colour continuing narrowly along humeral suture. Coxae and trochanters pale yellow, femora black, tibiae and tarsi pale yellow externally and black internally. Wings transparent and enfumed with amber brown at base. Antenodals 12–13 in forewings and 8 in hindwings. Postnodals 6 in forewings and 7 in hindwings. Hypertrigone with one crossvein in fore- and hindwings. Fore- and hindwings with one cubitoanal crossvein each, anal loop broad and seven celled. Membranule pale white. Pterostigma black, covering two underlying cells. Abdomen: Largely black, S7–9 broad, S1 and S2 black dorsally with ventrolateral pale yellow band, which extends as narrow ventrolateral line from S3–8. Intersegmental ring on S3–8 yellow and obscure. S10 has a mid dorsal crest. Anal appendages shaped as in Figs. 8–10, dark brown, long and narrow, lateral hooks with tuft of golden hairs at end. Accessory genitalia as in Fig. 11, light brown with apex of anterior hamulus, posterior hamulus and posterior lobe black. Genital lobe with tuft of golden hairs at end.</p><p>Female paratype: Head: Eyes emerald green in life, brown in wet preservation. Frons tumid, pitted and shallowly grooved with metallic dark green colouration. Vesicle simple, oval and conical above. Vertex metallic dark green. Labium, labrum, anteclypeus and postclypeus dull yellow. Ocellar tubercle cream coloured. Thorax: Pterothorax metallic green with fine yellow pubescence dorsally. Mesinfraespisternum and the adjoining lowest part of mesepisternum brownish green, same colour continuing narrowly among humeral suture. Coxae and trochanters pale yellow, femora black, tibiae and tarsi pale yellow externally and black internally. Wings transparent and enfumed with amber brown at the base. Antenodals 13 in forewings and 8–9 in hindwings. Postnodals 5–6 in forewings and 8 in hindwings. Hypertrigone with one crossvein in fore- and hindwings. Fore- and hindwings with one cubitoanal crossvein each, anal loop broad and eight celled. Membranule pale white. Pterostigma black, covering two underlying cells. Abdomen: Largely black, S1 and S2 black dorsally with ventrolateral pale yellow band, which extends as narrow ventrolateral line from S3–8. Intersegmental ring on S3–8 yellow and obscure. Valvula vulvae and appendages black, shaped as in Fig. 12. Apex of abdomen furnished with tuft of golden hairs.</p><p>Measurements (in mm). Male holotype hindwing 27, abdomen 25, total length (excluding anal appendages) 37. Female paratype hindwing 29, abdomen 29, total length 39.</p><p>Etymology: The species name gomantakensis is derived from the old name of Goa state where the type locality Kolem (=Collem) is located.</p><p>Diagnostic characters. Male I. gomantakensis is similar to I. corona in the absence of a row of teeth at the base of the cerci. However, it differs from I. corona by having long and slender superior cerci and epiproct; straight cerci and downwardly arched epiproct. In I. corona the cerci and epiproct are thick and curve inwardly. Moreover, in I. gomantakensis the lateral lobes of the epiproct have a tuft of golden hairs at the apex that is absent in I. corona . The female of I. gomantakensis is similar to I. saffronata and I. nilgiriensis in having a simple vesicle. However, it differs from female I. saffronata by having a conical vesicle and shallowly grooved frons. In I. saffronata, the vesicle is rounded at the apex and the frons is deeply grooved. The female of I. nilgiriensis has a swollen, rounded vesicle and deeply grooved frons.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C6F0D097A4BFF9C43A5F94CFDC0457D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Subramanian, K. A.;Rangnekar, Parag;Naik, Rohan	Subramanian, K. A., Rangnekar, Parag, Naik, Rohan (2013): Idionyx (Odonata: Corduliidae) of the Western Ghats with a description of a new species. Zootaxa 3652 (2): 277-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3652.2.5
8C6F0D097A4DFF9243A5FD19FD0B455C.text	8C6F0D097A4DFF9243A5FD19FD0B455C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Idionyx Hagen 1867	<div><p>Key to Idionyx Hagen, 1867 of the Western Ghats (modified after Fraser 1936)</p><p>Idionyx of the Western Ghats are differentiated from the other species of the genus in the Indian subcontinent by the absence of a yellow humeral stripe on the thorax in both males and females except in the case of female I. nadganiensis . A comparison of morphological features of the Western Ghats species is provided in Table 2.</p><p>Males:</p><p>1. Labrum black.................................................................................. I. minima</p><p>Labrum bright yellow with narrow black border............................................................. 2</p><p>2. Cerci with row of teeth beneath basal half.................................................................. 3</p><p>Cerci without row of teeth beneath basal half............................................................... 7</p><p>3. Epiproct shorter than cerci.............................................................................. 4</p><p>Epiproct longer than cerci.............................................................................. 6</p><p>4. Apical portion of epiproct broad and shallowly emarginated, directed straight back in line with basal portion.... I. saffronata</p><p>Apical portion of epiproct very narrowly and deeply emarginated............................................... 5</p><p>5. Apical portion of epiproct sloping strongly up at an angle to basal portion.................................. I. galeata</p><p>Apical portion of epiproct directed straight back in line with basal portion............................ I. travancorensis</p><p>6. Anal appendages long and slender. Cerci straight and epiproct arched downwards in lateral profile. Lateral lobes of epiproct with tuft of golden hairs at apex I. gomantakensis</p><p>Anal appendages thick and curving inward in lateral profile................................................... 7</p><p>7. Lateral lobes of epiproct as upward angulations of lateral border.......................................... I. corona</p><p>Lateral lobes of epiproct as tiny thin erect spines........................................... I. corona burliyarensis</p><p>Females:</p><p>1. Humeral thoracic stripe present................................................................ I. nadganiensis</p><p>Humeral thoracic stripe absent........................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Labrum black.................................................................................. I. minima</p><p>Labrum mostly reddish brown or yellow................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Labrum reddish brown with two very large diffuse yellow spots at centre............................... I. periyashola</p><p>Labrum yellow narrowly bordered with black or brown...................................................... 4</p><p>4. Vesicle swollen, rounded at apex............................................................... I. nilgiriensis</p><p>Vesicle either markedly produced or simple with rounded or conical apex......................................... 5</p><p>5. Vesicle markedly produced............................................................................. 6</p><p>Vesicle simple, with rounded or conical apex............................................................... 7</p><p>6. Vesicle a short blunt horn.................................................................. I. travancorensis</p><p>Vesicle a short cone with a sinuous spine extending back from apex............................... I. c. corona Fraser</p><p>Vesicle an elongate, bluntly pointed curved cone............................................ I. corona burliyarensis</p><p>Vesicle a short cone with a long, simple, straight spine extending back from apex....................... I. rhinoceroides</p><p>Vesicle a short cone surmounted by an obtuse tubercle with a tent-shaped spine extending back from apex........ I. galeata</p><p>7. Vesicle rounded above, frons deeply grooved...................................................... I. saffronata</p><p>Vesicle conical above, frons shallowly grooved................................................ I. gomantakensis</p><p>*</p><p>Only female known.</p><p>Geographic distribution. The genus Idionyx is recorded between 8 0 N and 16 0 N in the Western Ghats (Map 1), where it is restricted to wet southern and western slopes. Fraser (1936) mentions that the genus was never observed below 2000 ft (600 m) in the Western Ghats. However, in recent field studies adults were recorded as low as 13 m on the west coast. Details of geographic distribution of species are provided in Table 3. High diversity of this genus is reported from Niligiri, Wyanad and Coorg districts, between 10 0 N and 12 0 N.</p><p>Habitat and ecology. In the Western Ghats, the genus is restricted to evergreen forests, especially in riparian zones (Figure 1). The species of this genus fly erratically close to the ground in closed canopy forests. The active flight period of the genus in the Western Ghats is between April and September. Females of I. corona burliyarensis have been observed laying eggs in hill streams communally. Adults were sometimes recorded away from typical habitat in forest plantations, semiurban and urban areas. The distribution of species across altitude, temperature and rainfall in the Western Ghats is provided in Table 4.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C6F0D097A4DFF9243A5FD19FD0B455C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Subramanian, K. A.;Rangnekar, Parag;Naik, Rohan	Subramanian, K. A., Rangnekar, Parag, Naik, Rohan (2013): Idionyx (Odonata: Corduliidae) of the Western Ghats with a description of a new species. Zootaxa 3652 (2): 277-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3652.2.5
