identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
93451B1FFFECEC4CFF7188CDFAE70F93.text	93451B1FFFECEC4CFF7188CDFAE70F93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda Thomson 1864	<div><p>Phygopoda Thomson, 1864</p><p>Phygopoda Thomson, 1864: 164; 1865: 417; Lacordaire, 1869: 509; Bates, 1870: 327 (mim.; distr.); Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1872: 2892 (cat.); Bates, 1873: 125; Gounelle, 1911: 61 (distr.; reval.); Aurivillius, 1912: 284 (cat.); Monné, 1993: 50 (cat.); Giesbert, 1996: 332; Monné, 2005: 498 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Monné, 2012: 48; Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 150 (check); Clarke, 2014: 341; Monné, 2015: 784 (cat.).</p><p>Type species: Phygopoda fugax Thomson, 1864 (original designation).</p><p>Head with short rostrum, densely covered with coarse punctures provided with long, semierect setae, except for smooth and glabrous area at gular region; with large eyes, subcontiguous, slightly emarginated, frontally separated from about 1/10 to 1/5 of width of lower ocular lobe; genae with less than 1/3 length of lower ocular lobes; clypeus with two long semierect setae. Antennae exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 8 to 10, reaching first or second ventrite; antennomere 3 1/3 longer than scape and antennomere 4; 5−9 gradually decreasing in length; 10−11 equal in length; 7−11 gradually expanded on external margin, subserrate; scape and pedicel with long semierect setae; 3−5 with row of long semierect setae at internal margin (sometimes extending to 8).</p><p>Prothorax cylindrical, from as wide as long to 1.3 times longer than wide; anterior and posterior margin with row of decumbent, golden-yellow setae. Pronotum densely covered with deep punctures, provided with long semierect setae (sometimes with longitudinal, central elevation, extending from anterior to posterior margin, and four additional median elevations, two on each side of central elevation, semicircular, which can be joined). Prosternum with anterior third smooth and glabrous; posterior 2/3 with punctures provided with long semierect setae. Prosternal process from about 1/3 to 1/5 diameter of procoxa; anterior coxal cavities rounded, not angular at sides, closed posteriorly (except for P. nigritarsis). Mesosternum covered with long semierect setae; mesosternal process from about 1/4 to 2/3 diameter of mesocoxa; mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum pubescent. Scutellum densely covered with whitish pubescence; apex rounded or truncate. Elytra short, not subulate, narrowing at apical 2/3, reaching first ventrite; with coarse, sparse punctures, provided with semierect setae; truncate or rounded apex; humeri slightly projected.</p><p>Femora clavate, with short, sparse, semierect setae; pro- and mesofemora with row of semierect setae on inner margin; mesofemora pedunculate to 1/3 of their length, metafemora without row of setae on inner margin, pedunculate to 2/3 of their length; pro- and mesotibiae with apical 3/4 densely covered with short, fine pubescence; metatibiae with dense brush of long setae on apical half; pro- and mesotibiae with two short apical spurs of equal length; metatibiae with two long apical spurs, inner longer than outer; pro-, meso- and metatarsi pubescent.</p><p>Ventrites 1−5 covered with long sparse setae; each side with spot of bright, whitish pubescence. Last visible urosternite with apical margin centrally excavate.</p><p>Comments. Phygopoda differs from other genera of Rhinotragini by the combination of the features as follow: its small, elongate and slender form, punctate pronotum, abbreviated elytra, elongated hind legs, and metatibiae with brush of setae (Thomson, 1864; Lacordaire, 1869; Bates, 1870; Giesbert, 1996).</p><p>Among the 89 genera of Rhinotragini, Phygopoda is more similar to Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007, Neophygopoda Melzer, 1933 and Phygopoides Peñaherrera-Leiva &amp; Tavakilian, 2003 .</p><p>Phygopoda differs from Pseudophygopoda by the shorter and not subulate elytra, prosternal process from about 1/3 to 1/4 of the diameter of a procoxa, and unarmed pro- and mesocoxae. In Pseudophygopoda the elytra are subulate, the prosternal process is laminiform, and males have an acute tubercle on the pro- and mesocoxae.</p><p>Phygopoda differs from Phygopoides in having the metafemora with a long peduncle, metatibiae with a brush of setae, and antennomeres 5−9 slightly decreasing and 10−11 equal in length. Phygopoides has the metafemora with a shorter peduncle; metatibiae with sparse setae, not in a brush; and antennomeres 5−10 decreasing in length.</p><p>As pointed out by Melzer (1933), Phygopoda differs from Neophygopoda by the slender metatibiae with a brush of setae. Neophygopoda has metatibiae with the apical half stouter and with sparse setae, not in a brush.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFECEC4CFF7188CDFAE70F93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFEDEC4DFF7189FFFA1D0AEC.text	93451B1FFFEDEC4DFF7189FFFA1D0AEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda	<div><p>Key to species of Phygopoda</p><p>1. Pronotal surface with dense coarse punctures; procoxal cavities closed (Figs. 32, 34)................................2</p><p>- Pronotal surface with dense coarse punctures except for three smooth elevated areas; procoxal cavities open posteriorly (Figs. 1–14, 73) Brazil (Bahia and Minas Gerais)............................................ P. nigritarsis Gounelle, 1911</p><p>2(1). Elytra constricted at apical fifth; brush of setae with different colors on apical third.................................3</p><p>- Elytra not constricted at apical fifth; brush of setae with only one color........................................... 4</p><p>3(2). Apex of metatibiae and metatarsi covered with white setae; (Figs. 15, 73) French Guiana ............................................................................................ .. P. ingae Peñaherrera-Leiva &amp; Tavakilian, 2004</p><p>- Apex of metatibiae and metatarsi covered with yellowish setae; (Figs. 16, 73) French Guiana and Brazil (Pará).......................................................................................... P. fulvitarsis Gounelle, 1911</p><p>4(2). Mesosternal process about half diameter of a mesocoxa; antennae, margin of elytra and metatibiae dark brown to black; clypeus covered with bright, whitish pubescence (Figs. 17−67, 73) Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina)......................... P. fugax Thomson, 1864</p><p>- Mesosternal process about 1/4 diameter of a mesocoxa; antennae, margin of elytra and metatibiae light brown to reddish brown; clypeus glabrous (Figs. 68−73) Argentina, Brazil (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Paraguay ............................................................................................... P. jacobi Fuchs, 1961</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFEDEC4DFF7189FFFA1D0AEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFEDEC4AFF718BB9FACC0F4A.text	93451B1FFFEDEC4AFF718BB9FACC0F4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda nigritarsis Gounelle 1911	<div><p>Phygopoda nigritarsis Gounelle, 1911</p><p>(Figs. 1–14, 73)</p><p>Phygopoda nigritarsis Gounelle, 1911: 62; Aurivillius, 1912: 284 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 577 (check); Monné, 1993: 51 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994: 98 (check); Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Monné, 2015: 785 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Fig. 1). Integument black, except for dark-brown antennae, reddish-brown to dark-brown femora and tibiae, elytra with yellowish-white central region; humeri black or with yellowish spot at side; and dark-brown to black metatarsi.</p><p>Eyes frontally separated by about 1/10 width of lower ocular lobe; inner margin of lower ocular lobes and clypeus covered with bright whitish pubescence. Antennae exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 8 or 9, reaching second ventrite; antennomeres 3−5 with row of long semierect setae on inner margin; 6 and 7 with similar setae at apex of inner margin (sometimes extending to 8).</p><p>Prothorax cylindrical, 1.5 times longer than wide. Pronotum densely covered with deep punctures provided with long semierect setae, except for smooth, longitudinal, central elevation extending from anterior to posterior margin and two additional semicircular median elevations on each side of central elevation (which can be joined). Prosternal process about 1/5 of diameter of procoxa. Anterior coxal cavities open posteriorly. Mesosternal process about 1/2 diameter of mesocoxa; mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum covered with bright whitish pubescence. Scutellum with truncate apex. Elytra with rounded apex.</p><p>Pro- and mesotibiae with apical 3/4 densely covered with short fine golden pubescence; metatibiae with dense brush of long setae on apical half; pro-, meso- and metatarsi with ventral surface covered with short fine yellowish to whitish pubescence and dorsal surface covered with dark-brown pubescence.</p><p>Last visible urotergite trapezoidal, with shortest side facing posteriorly; apex rounded, with sides and apical margins covered with short, semierect setae; last visible urosternite trapezoidal, with shortest side facing truncate apex, which is covered with short, sparse, decumbent, whitish pubescence; apical margin covered with short, decumbent golden-yellow pubescence.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite 8 (Fig. 3) subrectangular, with sinuous apical margin and setae on sides; sternal apophysis long, about twice greatest width of sternite. Tergite 8 (Fig. 2) as wide as long, sinuous apical and basal margin with sparse setae on sides and on apical half. Ventral arch (Fig. 4) fork-shaped, apophysis long, about twice longer than arm; dorsal arch absent. Tegmen (Figs. 5−7) about 1/5 longer than median lobe; distal region almost totally divided into long, cylindrical parameres, with rounded apices and short setae; ring piece convergent, acuminate, apically merged, with long projection, as long as ring piece. Median lobe (Figs 8−10): ventral lobe shorter than dorsal lobe; slightly curved in lateral view. Ventral lobe acuminate and dorsal lobe rounded at apex; basal apophysis about 2.5 times longer than apical portion; internal sac with one sclerotized piece.</p><p>Female. Prothorax from yellowish-brown to brown; humeri without lateral yellowish spot. Eyes frontally separated by width of lower ocular lobe; clypeus without bright whitish pubescence. Last visible urotergite elongate, triangular, with truncate apex, covered with short, decumbent setae; last visible urosternite elongate, narrowing toward apex, with apical margin slightly excavated at center and covered with short, decumbent, whitish pubescence.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite (Fig. 13) and tergite 8 (Fig. 14) elongate, merged, with tubular aspect; apical margin truncate. Sternal apodeme elongate, about 3 times longer than sternite. Ovipositor (Figs. 11, 12) membranous, very elongate, more than 10 times longer than wide; limit between proximal and distal regions not evident; apical region with short lobes; apical stylus securiform; spermathecal duct short, about one-half length of spermatheca; spermatheca C-shaped with rounded apex; spermathecal gland shorter than spermatheca.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. male/female. n=10/10. Total length, 10.43±1.26/8.07±0.63; prothorax length, 1.65±0.18/1.41±0.14; prothorax width, 1.45±0.15/1.3±0.12; elytral length, 2.33±0.22/2.14±0.15; humeral width, 1.6±0.17/1.25±0.18.</p><p>Type-material. We examined photographs (Fig. 1) (taken by Dr. Eugenio H. Nearns) and slides (made by Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure) of the male holotype (MNHN) from Condeúba, Bahia, Brazil.</p><p>Comments. Gounelle (1911) distinguished P. nigritarsis (Fig. 1) from P. fugax (Fig. 17) and P. fulvitarsis (Fig.16) by the clypeus covered with dense silver pubescence, pronotum with smooth elevations, elytra more acute posteriorly and obtusely truncate, and black tarsi. We agree that the elevations on the pronotum distinguish this species, not only from the two mentioned above, but from all other species of the genus. On the other hand, the pubescence of the clypeus distinguishes it only from P. fulvitarsis, and the black tarsi from P. fugax, which has yellowish to whitish metatarsi ( P. fulvitarsis sometimes has black tarsi). All three species have the same elytra shape with a rounded apex, not “obtusely truncate as described by Gounelle (1911).</p><p>Regarding the terminalia, males of P. nigritarsis differ from the males of P. fugax in the following characteristics: sternal apophysis (Fig. 3) about 2 times the greatest width of the sternite, tergite 8 (Fig. 8) with sinuous apical and basal margins, ventral arch (Fig. 4) with apophysis about 2 times longer than the arm, median lobe (Figs. 5−7) with the ventral lobe acuminate and the dorsal lobe rounded at apex, basal apophysis about 2.5 longer than the apical portion and the internal sac with one sclerotized piece. Males of P. f u ga x have the sternal apophysis (Fig. 55) about 3 times the greatest width of the sternite, tergite 8 (Fig. 54) with a median hollow on the basal margin and the apical margin rounded, the ventral arch (Fig. 56) with the apophysis about 1.5 times the length of the arms, the median lobe (Figs 60−62) with the ventral lobe rounded and the dorsal lobe with an acuminate apex, the basal apophysis about 5 times longer than the apical portion, and the internal sac with two sclerotized pieces.</p><p>The female terminalia of P. nigritarsis differs from P. fugax and P. jacobi in the following characteristics: sternal apophysis (Fig. 13) about 3 times longer than the sternite; ovipositor (Figs. 11, 12) more than 10 times longer than wide; and the spermathecal duct about half the length of the spermatheca. Females of P. fugax and P. jacobi have, respectively, the sternal apophysis 1.5 (Fig. 67) / twice (Fig. 72) longer than the sternite, ovipositor more than 7 (Figs. 64, 65) / 8 (Figs. 69, 70) times longer than wide and the spermathecal duct about 4 / twice the length of the spermatheca</p><p>In addition to these characteristics, we can add the procoxal cavities open posteriorly, which differs from all other species of the genus, which have the procoxal cavities closed posteriorly. This characteristic is frequently used as difference between genera in Cerambycidae, but we consider precipitate describe a new genus only for this species due the other characteristics that are shared with the rest of Phygopoda species.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Brazil (Bahia). This species is newly reported from Minas Gerais, Brazil (Fig. 73).</p><p>Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Bahia: Cândido Sales, male, XI.1971, C. A. Seabra and O. Roppa leg.; Encruzilhada (Estrada Rio-Bahia, Km 963), 960 m, male, XI. 1971, C. A. Seabra and O. Roppa leg.; 3 males, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra and O. Roppa leg. Minas Gerais: Estrada Rio-Bahia, Km 806, male, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra leg.; Pedra Azul, 2 male, XI.1971; male, F. M. Oliveira leg.; 700 m, 3 males and 3 females, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg.; 3 males and 8 females, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. All in MNRJ collection.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFEDEC4AFF718BB9FACC0F4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFE6EC47FF7189F0FE350B5A.text	93451B1FFFE6EC47FF7189F0FE350B5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda ingae Penaherrera-Leiva & Tavakilian 2004	<div><p>Phygopoda ingae Peñaherrera-Leiva &amp; Tavakilian, 2004</p><p>(Figs. 15, 73)</p><p>Phygopoda ingae Peñaherrera-Leiva &amp; Tavakilian, 2004: 143, figs. 7, 8, 22a −h; Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Morvan &amp; Morati, 2006: 24 (distr.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007: 103 (distr.); Touroult et al., 2010: 30 (distr.); Morvan &amp; Morati, 2011: 31 (distr.); Machado et al., 2012 (host); Monné, 2015: 784 (cat.). Phygopoda sp. Tavakilian et al., 1997: 327 (host).</p><p>Male. Integument black, except prothorax with anterior and posterior margin reddish-brown, elytra with longitudinal, median, whitish and translucent band at basal 2/3; humeri with yellowish spot at side; and reddishbrown legs.</p><p>Eyes frontally separated by about 1/8 width of lower ocular lobe; inner margin of lower ocular lobes and clypeus covered with whitish pubescence. Antennae (Fig. 15) exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 8, reaching second ventrite; antennomeres 3−7 with row of long semierect setae on inner margin; antennomere 8 with similar setae at apex of inner margin.</p><p>Prothorax cylindrical, as wide as long; with spot of whitish pubescence at sides. Pronotum densely covered with deep punctures provided with long semierect setae; posterior margin covered with dense, long decumbent, whitish pubescence. Prosternal process about 1/3 diameter of procoxa; anterior coxal cavities closed posteriorly. Mesosternal process about 1/2 diameter of mesocoxa. Mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum covered with bright whitish pubescence. Scutellum with rounded apex. Elytra with constriction at apical fifth and rounded apex.</p><p>Pro- and mesotibiae with apical 3/4 densely covered with short, fine pubescence, yellowish on protibiae, whitish on mesotibiae; metatibiae with dense brush of long setae on apical half (black on basal 2/4 and whitish on apical 1/4); pro- and mesotarsi with ventral surface densely covered with short, fine pubescence, yellowish on protarsi, whitish on mesotarsi, and dorsal surface covered with yellowish-brown pubescence on protarsi, whitish on mesotarsi; metatarsi densely covered with long, erect, whitish pubescence.</p><p>Last visible urotergite trapezoidal with shortest facing posteriorly; apex rounded; last visible urosternite with apical margin covered with long, semierect, whitish setae.</p><p>Female (Fig. 15). Head with smooth area at front, except for area with very sparse punctures. Eyes frontally separated by width of a lower ocular lobe. Humeri without lateral yellowish spot. Last visible urotergite with rounded apex, and last visible urosternite with truncate apex.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. male. n=1. Total length, 5.6; prothorax length, 1; prothorax width, 0.9; elytral length, 1.5; humeral width, 0.9.</p><p>Type-material. We examined one paratype male, from Sinnamary, French Guiana (MNHN) and also examined photographs (taken by Dr. Eugenio H. Nearns) of the female holotype (Fig. 15) from Route de Degrad Saramaca (près de Kourou), French Guiana.</p><p>Comments. Peñaherrera-Leiva &amp; Tavakilian (2004) distinguished P. ingae (Fig. 15) from P. fugax (Fig. 17) by the elytra with a constriction at the apical fifth. This feature distinguishes it not only from P. f ugax but also from all other species of the genus, except P. fulvitarsis (Fig. 16).This species is similar to P. fulvitarsis by the elytra with a constriction at the apical fifth and a brush of setae of different colors on the apical third. P. fulvitarsis differs from P. ingae by the color of the setae on the apical forth of the brush, yellowish in P. fulvitarsis (whitish in P. ingae).</p><p>Geographical distribution. French Guiana (Fig.73).</p><p>Host plant. Leguminosae - Inga alba (Sw.) Willd. (Tavakilian et al., 1997) .</p><p>Specimen examined. FRENCH GUIANA, Sinnamary: Crique Plomb, male (paratype), IX.1993, G. Tavakilian leg. (MNHN).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFE6EC47FF7189F0FE350B5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFE7EC44FF718AEBFBAA0B3F.text	93451B1FFFE7EC44FF718AEBFBAA0B3F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda fulvitarsis Gounelle 1911	<div><p>Phygopoda fulvitarsis Gounelle, 1911</p><p>(Figs. 16, 73)</p><p>Phygopoda fulvitarsis Gounelle, 1911: 61; Aurivillius, 1912: 284 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 577 (check); Monné, 1993: 51 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994: 98 (check); Tavakilian et al., 1997: 326 (host); Monné, 2001: 45 (host); Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007: 103, figs. 20, 22 (distr.); Morvan &amp; Morati, 2011: 31 (distr.); Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013 (166) (check); Monné, 2015: 784 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Fig. 16). Integument black, except elytra with whitish-yellow spot, longitudinal and central, beginning from base, and pro- and mesolegs dark brown.</p><p>Eyes frontally separated by about 1/7 width of lower ocular lobe. Antennae exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 6 or 7, reaching apex of first ventrite; antennomeres 3−5 with row of long, semierect setae on inner margin; 6 and 7 with similar setae at apex of inner margin.</p><p>Prothorax cylindrical, 1.2 times longer than wide; laterally with spot of whitish pubescence. Ventral surface covered with fine, slightly dark-whitish pubescence. Scutellum with rounded apex. Elytra short with constriction at apical fifth, and rounded apex.</p><p>Protibiae and mesotibiae with apical 3/4 densely covered with short, fine, golden pubescence; metatibiae with dense brush of long setae on apical half (black on basal 2/3 and yellowish on apical 1/4); pro- and mesotarsi with ventral surface densely covered with short, fine, yellowish to whitish pubescence and dorsal surface covered with dark-brown pubescence; metatarsi with ventral surface covered with short, whitish to yellowish pubescence and dorsal surface covered with long, semierect yellowish setae.</p><p>Last visible urotergite subquadrate, covered with short, sparse setae (except for glabrous area at center), with truncate apex; last visible urosternite covered with long, semierect setae; center-apical region densely covered with semierect setae and apical margin covered with short, decumbent, yellowish-golden pubescence.</p><p>Female. Head frontally with smooth area. Eyes frontally separated by width of lower ocular lobe; antennomeres 3−7 with row of long semierect setae on inner margin. Prothorax brown to reddish brown. Abdomen reddish brown to yellowish brown. Last visible urotergite elongate, triangular, with truncate apex, covered with short, decumbent setae; last visible urosternite elongate, narrowing toward apex, with apical margin slightly excavated at center.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. female/male. n=1/1. Total length, 8.4/7.3; prothorax length, 1.2/1; prothorax width, 1/ 0.9; elytral length, 2.1/1.7; humeral width, 1.2/1.</p><p>Type-material. We examined photographs (taken by Dr. Eugenio H. Nearns) and slides (made by Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure) of the male lectotype (Fig. 16) and paralectotypes (MNHN) from Cayenne, French Guiana.</p><p>Comments. Gounelle (1911) distinguished P. fulvitarsis (Fig. 16) from P. fugax (Fig. 17) by the apical antennomeres enlarged; reddish prothorax in female; pronotum without two rows of longitudinal pubescence; metafemora totally black; apex of tibiae and tarsi yellowish; apex of metatibiae and entire metatarsi with a brush of yellowish setae; and the female’s abdomen only partly reddish. However, in this study, we confirmed only the apex of the metatibiae and the entire metatarsi with a brush of yellowish setae, which distinguish this species from all other members of the genus. In P. fugax the antennae do not differ in the width of the antennomeres, the female prothorax can be reddish, the two rows of setae on the pronotum can be absent, and the yellowish ring at the base of the metafemora can also be absent. In addition, the apices of the tibiae and tarsi of P. fulvitarsis are black.</p><p>We can add to the above-mentioned differences between the species, the color of the metatarsi and the elytral shape. In P. f u ga x the metatarsi are black and the elytra have not a constriction at the apical fifth; in P. fulvitarsis the metatarsi are yellowish to whitish and the elytra have a constriction.</p><p>Phygopoda fulvitarsis also is similar to P. i n ga e (Fig. 15) in having the elytra with a constriction at the apical fifth and the brush of setae with a different color on the apical third. These species can be distinguished by the color of the setae on the apical third of the brush, yellowish in P. fulvitarsis and whitish in P. ingae .</p><p>Geographical distribution. French Guiana. This species is newly reported from Brazil, for Pará (Fig. 73).</p><p>Host plant. Leguminosae - Inga alba (Benth.) Benth. (Tavakilian et al., 1997)</p><p>Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Pará: Santo Antônio de Tauá (Reserva Sonho Azul), female, 2.IX.2001, Pierre Jauffert leg.; male, 12.IX.2001, Pierre Jauffert leg. All in MZSP collection.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFE7EC44FF718AEBFBAA0B3F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFE4EC5CFF718AC8FD180BB8.text	93451B1FFFE4EC5CFF718AC8FD180BB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda fugax Thomson 1864	<div><p>Phygopoda fugax Thomson, 1864</p><p>(Figs. 17−67, 73)</p><p>Phygopoda fugax Thomson, 1864: 164; Lacordaire, 1869: 509; Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1872: 2892 (cat.); Bates, 1873: 125 (syn.); Gounelle, 1911: 61 (distr., reval.); Aurivillius, 1912: 284 (cat.); Zikán &amp; Zikán, 1944: 16 (distr.); Blackwelder, 1946: 577 (check); Zajciw, 1972: 55 (distr.); 1974: 58 (distr.); Monné, 1993: 50 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994: 98 (check); Giesbert, 1996: 332; Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Monné et al. 2009: 21 (distr.); Monné et al., 2010: 243 (distr.); Monné, 2012: 48; Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 150 (check); Monné, 2015: 784 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Fig. 17). Integument black, except for antennomeres 6−9 sometimes with yellowish ring at base, elytra with yellowish median longitudinal band extending from the humeri; pro- and mesolegs reddish brown, metafemora with yellowish ring at base and yellowish metatarsi.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 19) frontally separated by about 1/7 width of lower ocular lobe; clypeus covered with bright, whitish pubescence. Labrum (Fig. 22) almost as wide as long, apical margin rounded, with pair of long lateral setae and short dense setae in median region. Mandibles (Fig. 23) triangular, symmetrical and acuminated at apex; slightly shorter at base than its length; external face rounded, with long setae; inner cutting edge without teeth, with fringe of setae. Maxillae (Fig. 25): cardo and stipes well developed; galea narrow, elongate, feebly curved toward lacinia, with dense brush of setae at apex; lacinia with fringe of setae on inner margin; basal segment of palpus subcylindrical, about 2/3 length of apical segment; second segment about twice longer than third; apical segment rounded at apex. Labium (Fig. 24): mentum trapezoidal with basal margin excavated; ligula diverging at sides to apical region; apical portion divided into two subcylindrical lobes; inner margin of lobes with row of long setae; apical segment of palpi enlarged, about twice longer than second segment, with rounded apex.</p><p>Antennae (Fig. 26) exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 8 (rarely at 9), reaching second ventrite; antennomeres 3−6 with row of long, semierect setae on inner margin; antennomere 7 with similar setae at apex of inner margin (sometimes extending to 8).</p><p>Prothorax (Figs. 32−35) 1.3 times longer than wide; laterally with spots of whitish pubescence. Pronotum sometimes with two narrow longitudinal rows of whitish pubescence; prosternal process from 1/4 to 1/3 diameter of procoxa; anterior coxal cavities closed posteriorly. Proendosternite directed toward posterior region of body, with two convergent arms. Mesosternal process (Figs. 36, 37) about 1/2 diameter of mesocoxa; mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum covered with bright, whitish pubescence and long, sparse, semierect setae. Mesendosternite (Fig. 37) hook-shaped, merged with inner wall of mesepimeron. Metendosternite (Fig. 38) hylecoetoid, with elongate cylindrical lamina, separated by large rounded chamfer; arms perpendicular to lamina and divergent from each other; peduncle and lamina subequal in length. Scutellum with rounded apex. Elytra (Fig. 39) with rounded apex. Wing (Fig. 40), length about 4 times its greatest width; Subcosta (Sc) restricted to 1/5 basal; Radius cell closed and oval; s-m merged with Posterior Media (PM); apical section of Anterior Media (AM) present; Plical (P) reduced; Anal (A) with only one branch.</p><p>Pro- and mesotibiae (Figs. 42, 46) with apical 3/4 densely covered with short fine golden pubescence; metatibiae (Fig. 52) with dense brush of long black setae on apical half; pro- and mesotarsi (Figs. 43, 44, 47, 48) with ventral surface densely covered with short, fine, yellowish pubescence and dorsal surface covered with yellowish pubescence; metatarsi (Figs. 49, 50) covered with long yellowish to whitish pubescence.</p><p>Last visible urotergite with rounded apex and apical half covered with whitish pubescence; last visible urosternite (Fig. 53) covered with short decumbent setae; center-apical region densely covered with semierect setae; apical margin covered with short, decumbent, golden-yellow pubescence.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite 8 (Fig. 55) narrow, with sinuous apical margin; long sternal apophysis about 3 times greatest width of sternite. Tergite 8 (Fig. 54) slightly longer than wide; basal margin with median hollow and apical margin rounded, with sparse setae. Ventral arch (Fig. 56) fork-shaped; long apophysis about 1.5 times length of arm; dorsal arch absent. Tegmen (Figs. 57−59) as long as median lobe; distal region almost totally divided into elongate cylindrical parameres with rounded apex and short setae; ring piece convergent, acuminate, apically merged and with long projection, as long as ring piece. Median lobe (Figs. 60−62): ventral lobe shorter than dorsal; slightly curved in lateral view. Ventral lobe rounded and dorsal lobe acuminate at apex; basal apophysis about 5 times longer than apical portion; internal sac with two sclerotized pieces.</p><p>Female. Prothorax and abdomen from reddish brown to black; legs from yellowish brown to reddish brown. Eyes (Fig. 28) frontally separated by width of lower ocular lobe; clypeus without pubescence. Last visible urotergite elongate, narrowing toward apex; apical half covered with decumbent, yellowish setae; apex rounded; last visible urosternite (Fig. 63) triangular, with truncate apex.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite (Fig. 66) and tergite 8 (Fig. 67) elongate, merged, with tubular aspect; apical margin truncate. Sternal apophysis elongate, about 1.5 longer than sternite. Ovipositor (Figs. 64, 65) membranous, very elongate, more than 7 times longer than wide; limit between proximal and distal region not evident; apical region with short lobes; apical stylus securiform; spermathecal duct long, about 4 times length of spermatheca; spermatheca C-shaped with rounded apex; spermathecal gland shorter than spermatheca.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. female/male. n=15/30. Total length, 7.74±0.63/6.55±0.33; prothorax length, 1.27±0.1/1.12±0.1; prothorax width, 1.1±0.06/0.8±0.13; elytral length, 2.08±0.12/1.65±0.22; humeral width, 1.24±0.08/1.07±0.05.</p><p>Type-material. We examined photographs (taken by Dr. Eugenio H. Nearns) and slides (made by Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure) of the male holotype (Fig. 17) (MNHN) from Brazil.</p><p>Comments. Bates (1873) synonymized Phygopoda fugax (Fig. 17) with Paraphygopoda albitarsis (Figs. 74−94), considering the former similar to small specimens of P. albitarsis . Gounelle (1911) revalidated P. fugax, as differing from P. albitarsis in the smaller size, prothorax without elevations, and elytra cuneiform, rounded and not subulate at the apex.</p><p>Phygopoda fugax differs from other species of the genus in the following combined characteristics: head, antennae, thorax, elytral margin, metafemora and metatibiae from dark brown to black and clypeus covered with bright whitish pubescence, procoxal cavities closed posteriorly, elytra without constriction at apical fifth; and brush of setae of metatibiae with only one color.</p><p>Differences among P. f u ga x and the other species can be found in the comments on each of these species.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro). This species is newly reported from Brazil for Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina (Fig. 73).</p><p>Host plant. Leguminosae - Acacia mangium Willd. (Lemes et al., 2015)</p><p>Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Goiás: Vianópolis, male, X.1981, N. Tangerini leg. (MNRJ). Mato Grosso do Sul, Ponte Primavera (Rio Paraná), male, X.1954, J. Lane leg. (MZSP). Bahia: Encruzilhada (Motel da Divisa), 960 m, female, XII.1974, C. A. Seabra and O. Roppa leg. (MNRJ). Minas Gerais: Estrada Rio-Bahia, BR 116 Km 805, female, XI.1972, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); Passos, 2 males, XI.1961, P. C. Elias leg. (MNRJ); female, 13−18.XI.1961, P. C. Elias leg. (MNRJ); Pedra Azul, 700 m, female, XI.1971, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); 3 males, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ). Espírito Santo: Baixo Guandu, 3 males, X.1971, P. C. Elias leg. (MZSP); male, 26−30.XI.1971, P. C. Elias leg. (DZUP); Colatina, 3 males, 2.XI.1964, Werner, F. M. Oliveira and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, 2 males, X.1969, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male, X.1976, A. Silva leg. (MNRJ). Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), female, IX.1961, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, XII.1961, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 15.X.1963, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 28.VIII.1964, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 27.X.1975, M. A. Monné and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); (Floresta da Tijuca), male, 18.XI.1981, C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 22.XI.1981, C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 22.X.1982, C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 31.X.1983, C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); (Represa Rio Grande), female, 1−15.X.1960, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); female, XII.1960, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male and female, X.1963, F. M. Oliveira leg. (DZUP); 22 males and 1 female, X.1963, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); Itatiaia, 900 m, female, I. XI.1947, H. Zellibor leg. (MNRJ). São Paulo: Amparo, male, 1931, P. Reck leg. (MZSP); São Paulo (Jabaquara), male, 17.XI.1944, H. Zellibor leg. (MNRJ). Paraná: Guaraúna, 2 males, XII.1932 (DZUP). Santa Catarina: Mafra, female, 1938, A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); Seara, Nova Teutônia, 300−500 m, 2711’S, 5223’W, female, X.1957, Fritz Plaumann leg. (MZSP).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFE4EC5CFF718AC8FD180BB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFFCEC58FF718D4BFB790ACA.text	93451B1FFFFCEC58FF718D4BFB790ACA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phygopoda jacobi Fuchs 1961	<div><p>Phygopoda jacobi Fuchs, 1961</p><p>(Figs. 68−73)</p><p>Phygopoda jacobi Fuchs, 1961: 16; Viana, 1972: 294 (distr.); Monné, 1993: 51 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994: 98 (check); Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 164 (check); Monné, 2015: 785 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Fig. 68). Integument dark brown except for legs, antennae and elytra (base and central region of basal 3/4) reddish brown, mid-apical region of last visible urosternite yellowish.</p><p>Eyes frontally separated by about 1/7 width of lower ocular lobe; lypeus glabrous. Antennae (Fig. 68) exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 9, reaching second ventrite; antennomeres 3−5 with row of long semierect setae on inner margin; 6 and 7 with similar setae at apex of inner margin (sometimes extending to 8).</p><p>Prothorax as wide as long; with spots of whitish pubescence on sides. Prosternal process about 1/4 diameter of procoxa; mesosternal process about 1/4 diameter of mesocoxa; mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum covered with long, sparse, semierect setae. Scutellum with rounded apex. Elytra with rounded apex.</p><p>Pro- and mesotibiae with apical 3/4 densely covered with short, fine, golden pubescence; metatibiae with dense brush of long setae on apical half; pro- and mesotarsi with dorsal and ventral surface covered with short, fine, yellowish pubescence; metatarsi covered with long yellowish pubescence.</p><p>Last visible urotergite trapezoidal, with shortest side facing posteriorly; rounded apex; covered with whitish pubescence on apical 2/3; last visible urosternite covered with short, decumbent setae; apical margin covered with short, decumbent, golden-yellow pubescence.</p><p>Female. Integument from reddish brown to dark brown, except for yellowish brown legs; elytra sometimes with the same color. Eyes frontally separated by width of lower ocular lobe. Last visible urotergite, triangular, with rounded apex, covered with short, decumbent, yellowish setae on apical 3/4; last visible urosternite trapezoidal, with shortest side facing posteriorly; truncate apex covered with short, sparse, decumbent, whitish pubescence.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite (Fig. 71) and tergite 8 (Fig. 72) elongate, merged, with tubular aspect; apical margin truncate. Sternal apophysis elongate, about twice longer than sternite. Ovipositor (Figs. 69, 70) membranous, very elongate, more than 8 times longer than wide; limit between proximal and distal region not evident; apical region with short lobes; apical stylus securiform; spermathecal duct short, about twice the length of spermatheca; spermatheca C-shaped, with rounded apex; spermathecal gland shorter than spermatheca.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. female/male. n=4/1. Total length, 8.03±0.32/6.7; prothorax length, 1.28±0.08/1.2; prothorax width, 1.03±0.04/1; elytral length, 2±0.07/1.9; humeral width, 1.13±0.04/1.1.</p><p>Type-material. We examined slides (made by Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure) of the male paratype (MAGD) from Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina, Brazil.</p><p>Comments. Fuchs (1961) distinguished P. j a c ob i (Fig. 68) from P. nigritarsis (Fig. 1) by the absence of the smooth elevations on the pronotum, and from P. f u ga x (Fig. 17) and P. fulvitarsis (Fig. 16) by the general coloration, mainly of the last pair of legs. These features are confirmed in this study. Additional differences from P. nigritarsis are the procoxal cavities closed posteriorly; from P. fulvitarsis, the elytra without a constriction at the apical fifth and the brush of setae of the metatibiae with uniform coloration; and from P. fugax, the mesosternal process about 1/4 of the diameter of a mesocoxa, antennae, elytral margin, metafemora and metatibiae from light brown to reddish brown, and the clypeus glabrous.</p><p>The differences among genitalia of females can be found in the comments on P. nigritarsis .</p><p>Geographical distribution. Brazil (Santa Catarina), Paraguay. This species is newly reported from Argentina, Corrientes and Misiones, and from Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul (Fig. 73).</p><p>Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Santa Catarina: Seara, Nova Teutônia, 2711’N, 5223’W, 300−500 m, 2 females, XI.1967, Fritz Plaumann leg. (DZUP). Rio Grande do Sul: Sobradinho, female, I.1948, J. Becker leg. (MNRJ); PARAGUAY, Guaira: Villarrica, female, 15.X.1946, Duret and Schade leg. (MNRJ); ARGENTINA, Corrientes: San Tom, male, XI.1945, (DZUP); 2 females, XI.1945, Martinez leg. (MNRJ). Misiones: Concepción (Santa Maria), female, X.1945, M. J. Viana leg. (MNRJ); female, X.1946, M. J. Viana leg. (MNRJ).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFFCEC58FF718D4BFB790ACA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFF8EC59FF718B9BFE960F12.text	93451B1FFFF8EC59FF718B9BFE960F12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Penaherrera-Leiva 2007	<div><p>Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007</p><p>Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007: 103; Monné, 2012: 49; Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 165 (check);</p><p>Monné, 2015: 786 (cat.).</p><p>Type-species: Odontocera subvestita White, 1855 (original designation). Panamapoda Clarke, 2014: 343 . Syn. nov.</p><p>Type-species: Phygopoda panamensis Giesbert, 1996: 332, fig. 6 (original designation). Paraphygopoda Clarke, 2014: 343 . Syn. nov.</p><p>Type-species: Stenopterus albitarsis Klug, 1825: 475, pl. 44, fig. 12 (original designation).</p><p>Head (Figs. 97−100) with short rostrum, densely covered with coarse punctures provided with long semierect setae, except for smooth and glabrous area in gular region; genae longer than 1/3 length of lower ocular lobes; with large eyes, subcontiguous, slightly emarginated, frontally separated by about 1/7 to 1/5 width of a lower ocular lobe in males and by about 1/2 to 3/ 2 in females; internal margin of eye lobes and margins of clypeus covered with pubescence. Antennae (Fig. 105) exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 10, reaching first or second ventrite; antennomere 3 1/3 longer than scape or antennomere 4; 5−7 subequal in length; 8−11 gradually decreasing in length; 7−11 gradually expanded on external margin, subserrate; scape and pedicel with long, semierect setae; 3−5 (sometimes 6) with row of long, semierect setae on internal margin (sometimes extending to 8).</p><p>Prothorax (Figs. 111−114) cylindrical, as wide as long; anterior and posterior margin with row of decumbent yellowish-golden setae. Pronotum with three smooth elevations at disc, one longitudinal and central, extending from anterior margin toward the posterior margin, and other two median, one on each side of central elevation, semicircular; prosternum with anterior half provided with transverse streaks and posterior half with punctures provided with long semierect setae; prosternal process laminiform; anterior coxal cavities rounded, angulate at sides, open posteriorly. Mesosternal process from about one-half to 2/3 diameter of mesocoxa; mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum pubescent. Scutellum densely covered with pubescence; apex rounded. Elytra (Fig. 119) short, subulate, narrowing at apical 2/3, exceeding apex of first ventrite; with sparse, coarse punctures provided with semierect setae; apex truncated; humeri slightly projected.</p><p>Pro- and mesocoxae with acute tubercle in males; femora (Figs. 121, 125, 131) pedunculate-clavate, with short, sparse, semierect setae; pro- and mesofemora (Figs. 121, 125) with row of semierect setae on inner margin; mesofemora (Fig. 125) pedunculate to 1/3 of its length; metafemora (Fig. 131) without row of setae on inner margin, ratio between the length of metafemoral clave and peduncle 0.6 to 1.5; pro- and mesotibiae (Figs. 122, 126) with apical 3/4 densely covered with short, fine, golden pubescence; metatibiae (Fig. 132) with dense brush of long black setae on apical half; pro- and mesotibiae with two short apical spurs, equal in length; metatibiae with two long apical spurs, inner spur longer than outer; length of metatarsomere I vary from equal to distinctly longer than length of II and III together.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 133) covered with long sparse setae; ventrite with or without lateral spots of pubescence. Last visible urotergite with rounded apex; last visible urosternite with apical margin excavated and covered with short decumbent setae.</p><p>Comments. Clarke (2014) described the genera Panamapoda to P. panamensis (Giesbert, 1996) and Paraphygopoda to four species.</p><p>According to Clarke (2014), Panamapoda is similar to Pseudophygopoda and differs by the color of the pronotal pubescence and the shape of the abdomen and elytra. Pseudophygopoda presents the pronotal pubescence brassy, the abdomen fusiform and the elytra widely fissate and sides strongly curved outwards, to leave the apical lobes widely separated. Panamapoda presents pronotal pubescence golden, abdomen cylindrical or almost cylindrical and elytra narrowly fissate and hardly curved outwards, to leave the apical lobes almost parallel and closer to each other. None of these characteristics help us to separate these genera, because in fact both present pronotal pubescence golden (Figs. 95, 96), the male holotype of Pseudophygopoda subvestita (type-species) (Fig. 95) presents abdomen cylindrical and the shape of elytra presents considerable variation in Pseudophygopoda subvestita (Figs. 95, 119).</p><p>According to Clarke (2014), Pseudophygopoda differs from Paraphygopoda by the following characteristics: male inferior lobes of eyes, the surface of the pronotum, the ratio between the length of metafemoral clave and peduncle and the length of the metatarsomere I. Pseudophygopoda presents male inferior lobes of eyes contiguous, the surface of the pronotum only shinning on the elevations, the ratio between the length of metafemoral clave and peduncle about 1.3 and the length of the metatarsomere I distinctly longer than length of II and III together. Paraphygopoda presents male inferior lobes of eyes nearly contiguous to further apart, the surface of the pronotum totally shinning, the ratio between the length of metafemoral clave and peduncle from 0.6 to 0.9 and the length of the metatarsomere I equal to, or only slightly longer than length of II and III together. Of these characteristics only the surface of the pronotum is confirmed here (Figs. 74−81, 95, 96). The male inferior lobes of eyes are subcontiguous in both genera (Figs. 75−77, 79, 80, 97, 98), the ratio between the length of metafemoral clave and peduncle vary from 0.7 to 1.5 in P. subvestita and from 0.6 to 1.15 in P. albitaris and the length of the metatarsomere I vary from equal to the length of II and III together to distinctly longer (1.2 times) than length of II and III together (as mentioned to Pseudophygopoda).</p><p>Besides the surface of the pronotum, Paraphygopoda only differs from Pseudophygopoda by the color of pubescence and integument, but on the other hand, share several characteristics as follow: procoxal cavities rounded and angular at sides, open posteriorly; prosternal process laminiform; pro- and mesocoxae with acute tubercle in males; and subulate elytra.</p><p>Based on the examination of the type species, hundreds of specimens and original descriptions we consider that the characteristics, marked by Clarke (2014), are not sufficient to sustain the genera Panamapoda and Paraphygopoda and the differences between them are considered variations at specific level so we propose the new synonymies.</p><p>Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva (2007) distinguished Pseudophygopoda from Phygopoda and Neophygopoda by the transverse prothorax, procoxal cavities open posteriorly, prosternal process laminiform, and metafemora with somewhat elongated peduncle. Of these characteristics, only the transverse prothorax was not confirmed in this study; we consider it to be as long as wide. Those characteristics also help to differentiate Pseudophygopoda from Phygopoides .</p><p>In addition, the elytra (Fig. 119) in Pseudophygopoda are subulate, the pro- and mesocoxae have an acute tubercle in males, and the procoxal cavities (Fig. 113) are angular at the sides. In Phygopoda, Neophygopoda and Phygopoides the elytra are not subulate, the pro- and mesocoxae are unarmed, and the procoxal cavities are not angular.</p><p>Pseudophygopoda differs also from Neophygopoda and Phygopoides in the tuft of setae on the metatibiae (Fig. 132). Neophygopoda and Phygopoides show the setae of metatibiae evenly distributed. Pseudophygopoda also differs from Phygopoides by the procoxal cavities open posteriorly, which are closed in the latter.</p><p>Pseudophygopoda is now composed by three species: P. subvestita, P. panamensis comb. nov. and P. albitarsis comb. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFF8EC59FF718B9BFE960F12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFF6EC56FF7189FFFA1D09A3.text	93451B1FFFF6EC56FF7189FFFA1D09A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudophygopoda	<div><p>Key to species of Pseudophygopoda</p><p>1. Pronotal surface densely covered with yellowish-golden pubescence, except for elevations on the pronotal disc (Figs. 95, 96).................................................................................................... 2</p><p>- Pronotal surface sparsely covered with whitish setae (Figs. 74-94, 148). Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia to Paraná)................................. P. albitarsis (Klug, 1825) comb. nov.</p><p>2(1). Pronotal pubescence with decumbent setae at the middle of disc (Figs. 95, 97–148). French Guiana and Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo)............................................... P. subvestita (White, 1855)</p><p>- Pronotal pubescence with erect setae at the middle of disc (Figs. 96, 148). Panama ..................................................................................................... P. panamensis (Giesbert, 1996) comb. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFF6EC56FF7189FFFA1D09A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFF6EC53FF718B76FD360CC2.text	93451B1FFFF6EC53FF718B76FD360CC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudophygopoda albitarsis (Klug 1825) Klug 1825	<div><p>Pseudophygopoda albitarsis (Klug, 1825) comb. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 74−94, 148)</p><p>Stenopterus albitarsis Klug, 1825: 475, pl. 44, fig. 12.</p><p>Odontocera albitarsis; White, 1855: 188.</p><p>Acyphoderes albitarsis; Lacordaire, 1869: 506.</p><p>Phygopoda albitarsis; Bates, 1870: 327 (distr.; mim.); Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1872: 2892 (cat.); Bates, 1873: 125; Aurivillius, 1912: 284 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 577 (check); Monné, 1993: 50 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994: 98 (check); Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check); Wappes et al., 2006: 18 (distr.); Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 164 (check).</p><p>Physopoda albitarsis; Linsley, 1959: 130 (mim) (sic).</p><p>Paraphygopoda albitarsis; Clarke, 2014: 350, fig. 3, 11; Monné, 2015: 781 (cat.).</p><p>Epimelitta viridimicans Fisher, 1952: 2; Zajciw, 1960: 94; Zajciw &amp; Campos-Seabra, 1968: 70 (distr.); Zajciw, 1972: 55; 1974: 58 (distr.); Monné, 1993: 50 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994 (check); Monné, 2005: 463 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 116 (check); Monné et al., 2009: 20 (distr.); Monné et al., 2010: 242 (distr.); Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 159 (check). Syn. nov.</p><p>Paraphygopoda viridimicans; Clarke, 2014: 350, fig. 4, 13; Monné, 2015: 782 (cat.).</p><p>Paraphygopoda nappae Clarke, 2014: 353, fig. 5; Monné, 2015: 782 (cat.). Syn. nov.</p><p>Epimelitta longipennis Zajciw, 1963: 423, fig. 2; Julio et al., 2000: 11 (holotype); Monné, M. A. 2005: 461 (cat.); Monné, M. L. et al., 2010: 242 (distr.). Syn. nov.</p><p>Paraphygopoda longipennis; Clarke, 2014: 351; Monné, 2015: 781 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Figs. 75−77; 79−81). Integument from brown to black with metallic violet to greenish iridescence; humeri with yellowish spot at side (rarely absent), reddish-brown legs, metafemora with yellowish ring at base (sometimes absent), and metatarsi whitish to yellowish.</p><p>Eyes frontally separated by about 1/7 width of lower ocular lobe; inner margin of lower ocular lobes and margins of clypeus covered with bright whitish pubescence. Antennae (Figs. 75−77; 79−81) reaching second or third ventrite; antennomeres 3−5 each with row of long semierect setae on inner margin; 6 and 7 (sometimes extending to 8) with similar setae at apex of inner margin.</p><p>Prothorax sparsely covered with whitish setae, denser at sides. Mesosternum covered with long semierect setae. Mesosternal process about 1/3 to 1/2 diameter of a mesocoxa. Mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and metasternum covered with whitish pubescence. Scutellum densely covered with whitish-yellow pubescence, bright or matte surface.</p><p>Ratio between length of metafemoral clave and peduncle vary from 0.6 to 1.15; pro- and mesotarsi with ventral surface densely covered with short fine yellowish pubescence and dorsal surface covered with dark-brown pubescence; metatarsi yellowish to brown, covered with whitish pubescence; metatarsomere I from equal to 1.2 times longer than length of II and III together.</p><p>Ventrite with lateral spots of bright whitish pubescence (sometimes absent). Last visible urotergite trapezoidal with shortest side facing posteriorly; rounded apex. Last urosternite with apical margin covered with short decumbent whitish pubescence.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite 8 (Fig. 83) narrow, with basal margin not excavated at sides, and apical margin with median region flat and projected at sides; sternal apophysis long, about 2 times greatest width of sternite. Tergite 8 (Fig. 82) as wide as long, covered with sparse setae at sides and on apical third; apical and basal margin truncate. Ventral arch (Fig. 84) fork-shaped, with long apophysis, about 2 times longer than arm; dorsal arch absent. Tegmen (Figs. 85−87) as long as median lobe; distal region almost totally divided into cylindrical-elongate parameres, strongly narrowing after base, with apices rounded and short setae; ring piece convergent, acuminate, apically merged and with long projection, half-length of ring piece. Median lobe (Figs 88−90): dorsal lobe shorter than ventral; slightly curved in lateral view. Ventral and dorsal lobes acuminate at apex; basal apophysis longer than apical portion; internal sac without sclerotized pieces.</p><p>Female (Figs. 74, 78). Head anteriorly with smooth area, except for sparse punctures. Eyes frontally separated by about 3/2 width of lower ocular lobe; inner margin of ocular lobes and margin of clypeus without bright pubescence and with punctures provided with short decumbent setae.</p><p>Last visible urotergite elongate, narrowing to rounded apex; last visible urosternite elongate, with emarginated apex, external angles acutely projected and median region slightly sinuous.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite (Fig. 91) and tergite 8 (Fig. 92) elongate, merged, with tubular aspect; apical margin truncate. Sternal apophysis elongate, about 1.5 times longer than sternite. Ovipositor (Figs. 93, 94) membranous, very elongate, more than 7 times longer than wide; limit between proximal and distal region not evident; apical region with elongate subcylindrical lobes, about 3 times longer than wide; external margins with setae; stylus latero-apical, cylindrical; spermathecal duct short, less than 3 times length of spermatheca; spermatheca C-shaped with rounded apex; spermathecal gland as long as spermatheca.</p><p>Variation. Elytra (Figs. 74−81) may have lighter spots, from dark brown to yellowish, varying in size, sometimes extended as a central median band from the base toward the elytral apex.</p><p>Basal half of metafemora and metatibiae may be yellowish. Metatarsi (Figs. 74−81) ranging from totally whitish to totally black, with some specimens showing tarsomeres of both shades.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. Male/female. n = 66/45. Total length, 12.08±0.5/10.15±1.37; prothorax length, 1.61±0.34/1.41±0.35; prothorax width, 1.54±0.3/1.29±0.28; elytral length, 4.54±0.34/2.51±0.7; humeral width, 2.18±0.2/1.8±0.23.</p><p>Type-material. We examined the male holotype of Paraphygopoda longipennis from Corcovado (Rio de Janeiro), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (MNRJ). We also examined photographs (taken by Dr. Joachim Willers) of the female holotype of Paraphygopoda albitarsis (Fig. 74) (ZMHB) from Pará, Brazil; photographs (available from: http://plant.cdfa.ca.gov/byciddb/details.asp?id=3841) of the holotype of E. viridimicans (Fig. 78) (AMNH) from Caviuna (Rolândia), Paraná, Brazil and photographs of the male holotype (Fig. 81 from Clarke, 2014: 352, fig. 5) of Paraphygopoda nappae .</p><p>Comments. Klug (1825) described Stenopterus albitarsis from Pará (Brazil). Afterwards, White (1855) transferred it to Odontocera Audinet-Serville, 1833 . Lacordaire (1869) next transferred this species to Acyphoderes Audinet-Serville, 1833, them Bates (1870) transferred it to Phygopoda and recently Clarke (2014) described the genus Paraphygopoda designating this species as type species.</p><p>Fisher (1952), describing Epimelitta viridimicans (Figs. 78), commented on this species: it seems to be out of place in the genus Epimelitta, but since the genera are so badly confused, it does not seem advisable to erect a new genus for this unique female until a revisional study can be made of the tribe. In fact the specimens examined by Fisher show characteristics that differ from Epimelitta and are similar to Pseudophygopoda . These characteristics are the same as presented above for Pseudophygopoda albitarsis comb. nov.</p><p>The examination of large number of specimens of Epimelitta viridimicans, Epimelitta longipennis and Pseudophygopoda albitarsis comb. nov., and their original descriptions and photographs, as well as the study of original description and photographs of the holotype of Paraphygopoda nappae indicated that there is actually only one species and that the differences among the specimens are considered intraspecific variations, which can be partially observed in Figures 74 to 81.</p><p>Pseudophygopoda albitarsis comb. nov. differs from Pseudophygopoda subvestita by the characteristics mentioned in the comments on this latter.</p><p>Bates (1870) and Linsley (1959) compared this species with large mosquitoes of the genus Culex Linnaeus, 1758 ( Diptera: Culicidae).</p><p>Geographical distribution. Brazil (Pará, Rondônia, Espírito Santo to Paraná), Bolivia. This species is newly reported from Brazil for Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia and Minas Gerais (Fig. 148).</p><p>Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Amazonas: Tef, female, XII.1947 (BMNH). Rondônia: Ariquemes (Fazenda Rancho Grande), male, 14.X1993, C. W. and L. B. O'Brien leg. (ACMT); male, 9.XI.1994, C. W. and L. B. O'Brien leg. (ACMT); Ouro Preto do Oeste, male and female, VIII.1980, B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); Pimenta Bueno, male, X.1986, O. Roppa, P. Magno and J. Becker leg. (MNRJ); Vilhena, 2 males, X.1988, O. Roppa, P. Magno and J. Becker leg. (MNRJ). Mato Grosso: Barra do Bugres, 11 males and 3 females, X. 1984, B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); Sinop, male, X.1976 (MNRJ). Mato Grosso do Sul: Bataguassu (Rio Caraguatá), 2148’S, 5227’W, female, XI.1953, Fritz Plaumann leg. (MNRJ). Bahia: Encruzilhada (Estrada Rio-Bahia, Km 965), 960 m, 3 males, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra and O. Roppa leg. (MNRJ); male and female, XI.1974, C. A. Seabra and O. Roppa leg. (MNRJ). Minas Gerais: Águas Vermelhas, male, XI.1970, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); Chalé, female, XI.1973, Emerich leg. (MNRJ); Barreira de Piquete (Serra da Mantiqueira), 1,500 m, 10.I.1961, male, P. San Martín and H. Schubart leg. (MNRJ); Pedra Azul, male, XII.1970, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male and female, XI.1971, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); 700 m, 16 males and 10 females, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); Santana do Riacho (Parque Nacional Serra do Cipó), 11 males, XI.1996, M. L. and M. A. Monné leg. (MNRJ). Espírito Santo: Baixo Guandu, 7 males and 3 females, X.1976, B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); female, 8.IX.1971, P. C. Elias leg. (DZUP); Barra de São Francisco (Córrego do Itá), 3 females, XI.1956, W. Grossmann leg. (MNRJ); 3 females, XI.1957, A. Almeida leg. (MNRJ); Colatina, female, X.1976, A. Silva leg. (MNRJ); Linhares (Parque Sooretama), female, X. 1962, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); female, 2.XI.1964, Werner, F. M. Oliveira and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, X.1967, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ). Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), male, 7.XI.1956, D. Zajciw leg. (MNRJ); female, 28.XI.1957, C. A. Seabra and Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); female, 26.XII.1957, D. Zajciw leg. (MNRJ); female, 21.VIII.1958, C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 10.X.1958, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); 2 females, 30.X.1958, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 6.I.1960, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, X.1960, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 18.X.1963, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 8.XI.1963, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 28.XI.1963, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 3.XII.1965, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 15.IX.1968, S. F. A. leg. (MNRJ); male, 31.XII.1969, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 16.XI.1970, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ); Barra de São João, male, 26.IX.1990, O. Roppa leg. (MNRJ); Floresta da Tijuca, male, 20.XI.1981, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); 2 males, 22.XI.1981, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); 2 males, 30. XI.1981, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 3.XII.1981, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male and female, 22.X.1982, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 3.XI.1982, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 31.X.1985, C. A. Campos Seabra leg. (MNRJ). São Paulo: Campinas, male, 6.IX.1981, A. M. Silva leg. (MNRJ); Regente Feijó, 2 males, 26 and 30.X.1945, Nick leg. (MNRJ); São Paulo (Jabaquara), female, 1.XII.1943, H. Zellibor leg. (MNRJ); Serra da Bocaina (São José do Barreiro), 1600 m, female, XI.1967, Alvarenga and C. A. Seabra leg. (MNRJ). BOLIVIA, Cochabamba: Chapare, 2 females, 12.IX.1945, H. Zellibor leg. (MNRJ).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFF6EC53FF718B76FD360CC2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFF3EC69FF718D8EFE3B0B5A.text	93451B1FFFF3EC69FF718D8EFE3B0B5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudophygopoda subvestita (White 1855) White 1855	<div><p>Pseudophygopoda subvestita (White, 1855)</p><p>(Figs. 95, 97−148)</p><p>Odontocera subvestita White, 1855: 190; Lacordaire, 1869: 504.</p><p>Phygopoda subvestita; Bates, 1870: 327; Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1872: 2892 (cat.); Bates, 1873: 126; Aurivillius, 1912: 284 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1946: 577 (check); Monné, 1993: 51 (cat.); Monné &amp; Giesbert, 1994: 98 (check); Tavakilian et al., 1997: 319 (host.); Monné, 2001: 45 (cat.; host); 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check).</p><p>Physopoda subvestita; Linsley, 1959: 130 (mim) (sic).</p><p>Pseudophygopoda subvestita; Tavakilian &amp; Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007: 104, fig. 23; Dalens &amp; Touroult, 2010: 46 (distr.); Touroult et al., 2010: 30 (distr.); Morvan &amp; Morati, 2011: 31, fig. 83 (distr.); Monné et al., 2012: 48 (check); Bezark &amp; Monné, 2013: 165 (check); Monné, 2015: 787 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Fig. 95). Integument from yellowish to brownish. Eyes (Fig. 98) frontally separated by about 1/5 of width of a lower ocular lobe; inner margin of lower ocular lobes and clypeus covered with golden pubescence.</p><p>Labrum (Fig. 101) about 1/3 longer than wide, apical margin rounded, excavated in median region, with long setae at sides and short dense setae in median region. Mandibles (Fig. 102) triangular, symmetrical, acuminated at apex; base slightly shorter than length; external face rounded, excavated at base, with long setae; inner cutting edge without teeth, with fringe of setae. Maxillae (Fig. 104): cardo and stipes well developed; galea narrow and elongate, with dense brush of setae at apex; lacinia with fringe of setae on inner margin; basal segment of palpus subcylindrical, about 1/2 length of apical segment; second segment as long as third; apical segment rounded at apex. Labium (Fig. 103): mentum trapezoidal with basal margin excavated; ligula diverging at sides toward apical region; apical portion divided into two subcylindrical lobes; inner margin of lobes with row of short setae; apical segment of palpi elongated, about 1/3 longer than second segment, with rounded apex.</p><p>Antennae (Fig. 105) reaching first ventrite; antennomeres 3−6 with row of long semierect setae on inner margin; 7 with similar setae at apex of inner margin.</p><p>Prothorax (Figs. 111−114) covered with yellowish-golden pubescence, except for three elevations on pronotum. Proendosternite (Fig. 114) directed posteriorly, with two convergent arms. Mesosternum (Figs. 115−117) covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Mesosternal process about 1/2 diameter of mesocoxa. Mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metasternum and metepisternum covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Mesendosternite (Fig. 117) hook-shaped, merged with inner wall of mesepimeron; metendosternite (Fig. 118) hylecoetoid, with elongate cylindrical lamina, merged at base; arms perpendicular to lamina and divergent from each other; peduncle and lamina subequal in length. Scutellum densely covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Elytra (Fig. 119) with rounded apex. Wing (Fig. 120) with length about 3 times its greatest width; Subcosta (Sc) restricted to 1/5 basal; Radius cell closed and oval; apical section of Anterior Media (AM) present; Plical (P) reduced; Anal (A) with only one branch.</p><p>Ratio between the length of metafemoral clave and peduncle vary from 0.7 to 1.5; pro-, meso- and metatarsi (Figs. 123, 124, 127−130) with ventral surface densely covered with short, fine, yellowish-brown pubescence; dorsal surface covered with dark-brown pubescence; metatarsomere I from equal to 1.2 times longer than length of II and III together.</p><p>Ventrites (Fig. 133) with lateral spots with yellowish-golden pubescence. Last visible urotergite with base and apex rounded; last visible urosternite with emarginated apex, external angles slightly projected and median region slightly sinuous, with apical margin covered with short, decumbent, yellowish-golden pubescence.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite 8 (Fig. 135) narrow, with basal margin excavated at sides and apical margin with median region flat; sternal apophysis long, about 2 times greatest width of sternite. Tergite 8 (Fig. 134) as wide as long, covered with sparse setae at sides and on apical third; apical and basal margin truncate. Ventral arch (Fig. 136) fork-shaped, long apophysis about twice longer than arm; dorsal arch absent. Tegmen (Figs. 137−139) as long as median lobe; distal region almost totally divided into cylindrical-elongate parameres, slightly narrowing after the base, with apices rounded and short setae; ring piece convergent, acuminate, apically merged and with long projection, half-length of ring piece. Median lobe (Figs 140−142): ventral lobe shorter than dorsal; slightly curved in lateral view. Ventral and dorsal lobe acuminate at apex; basal apophysis shorter than apical portion; internal sac with two sclerotized pieces.</p><p>Female. Head (Figs. 106−109) with smooth area on front, except for very sparse punctures. Eyes (Fig. 107) frontally separated by about 1/2 width of lower ocular lobe. Antennae (Fig. 110) exceeding elytral apex at antennomere 11.</p><p>Last visible urotergite elongate, narrowing to rounded apex; last visible urosternite (Fig. 143) elongate, with truncate apex.</p><p>Terminalia: sternite (Fig. 146) and tergite 8 (Fig. 147) elongate, merged, with tubular aspect; apical margin of sternite truncate; apical margin of tergite sinuous. Sternal apophysis elongate, about 1.5 times longer than sternite. Ovipositor (Figs. 144−145) membranous, very elongate, more than 7 times longer than wide; limit between proximal and distal region not evident; apical region with subcylindrical and elongate lobes, about 3 times longer than wide; external margins with setae; latero-apical stylus, securiform; spermathecal duct short, less than 3 times length of spermatheca; spermatheca C-shaped with rounded apex; spermathecal gland longer than spermatheca.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. male/female. n=6/16. Total length, 11.49±1.93/9.33±0.66; prothorax length, 1.65±0.18/1.3±0.13; prothorax width, 1.84±0.19/1.35±0.16; elytral length, 4.55±0.54/3.58±0.36; humeral width, 1.99±0.3/1.59±0.15.</p><p>Type-material. We examined photographs (taken by Dr. Eugenio H. Nearns) and slides (made by Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure) of the male holotype of Pseudophygopoda subvestita (Fig. 95) (BMNH) from Santarém, Pará, Brazil.</p><p>Comments. Bates (1870) transferred Odontocera subvestita to Phygopoda, considering it similar to Pseudophygopoda albitarsis comb. nov. (Figs. 74−94) based on the small prothorax and subulate elytra, differing from it in the less abruptly clavate metafemora in Odontocera subvestita . The similarities identified by Bates (1870) were confirmed in this present study, but not the differences on the metafemora, both species present the metafemora pedunculate, at least on the basal third.</p><p>Pseudophygopoda subvestita (Fig. 95) only differs from P. panamensis (Fig. 96) by the distribution of pronotal pubescence (in the first the setae are decumbent at the middle of pronotal disc and in the latter these setae are erect). These species are very similar and this single characteristic can be just intraspecific variation, but due the few specimens of P. panamensis is not possible to do this assertion.</p><p>Pseudophygopoda subvestita differs from P. albitarsis (Figs. 74−81) in the yellowish to yellowish-brown integument; the prothorax densely covered with golden-yellowish pubescence, except elevations on the pronotal disc; and the scutellum and ventral surface covered with golden-yellowish pubescence. P. albitarsis has brown to black integument with violet to greenish metallic iridescence; the prothorax sparsely covered with whitish setae, denser at sides; and the scutellum and ventral surface covered with whitish-yellow pubescence, glossy or matte.</p><p>Males of P. subvestita can be distinguished from males of P. albitarsis by the following characteristics of the terminalia: sternite 8 (Fig. 135) with the basal margin excavated at the sides; median lobe (Figs. 140−142) with the ventral lobe slightly shorter than the dorsal lobe; basal apophysis slightly shorter than the apical portion; and the internal sac with two sclerotized pieces. P. albitarsis has the sternite 8 (Fig. 83) with the basal margin lacking excavations at the sides; the median lobe (Figs. 88−90) with the dorsal lobe slightly shorter than the ventral lobe; the basal apophysis slightly longer than the apical portion; and the internal sac without sclerotized pieces.</p><p>The terminalia of females of P. subvestita differs from the females of P. albitarsis in the following characteristics: tergite 8 (Figs. 146, 147) with a sinuous apical margin; and the spermathecal gland (Figs. 144, 145) longer than the spermatheca. P. albitarsis has tergite 8 (Figs. 91, 92) with a truncate apical margin; and the spermathecal gland (Figs. 93,94) as long as the spermatheca.</p><p>Bates (1870) compared specimens of this species to some species of the genus Melipona Illiger, 1806 (Hymenoptera), because of the tufts of setae on the metatibiae. Linsley (1959) also mentioned this similarity between P. subvestita and stingless bees of the genus Mellipona with tufts of black setae on the metatibiae.</p><p>Geographical distribution. French Guiana and Brazil (Pará). This species is newly reported from Brazil for Amazonas, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo (Fig. 148).</p><p>Host plant. Salicaceae - Casearia acuminata DC. (Tavakilian et al., 1997).</p><p>Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Amazonas: Manaus (Campus UFAM), 75 m, 3°5’31”S, 59°57’37”W, male, 17.VII.2008, P. C. Grossi and D. R. Parizotto leg. (MNRJ). Minas Gerais: Águas Vermelhas, male and female, XI.1970, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); Pedra Azul, male and 2 females, XII.1970, F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); 700 m, 2 females, XII.1970, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male and 2 females, XI.1971, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male and 9 females, XI.1972, C. A. Seabra and F. M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ). Espírito Santo: Baixo Guandu, female, X.1976, B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); Conceição da Barra, male, 1.XI.1969, C. T. and C. Elias leg. (DZUP).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFF3EC69FF718D8EFE3B0B5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
93451B1FFFC9EC66FF718AEBFA1D08B6.text	93451B1FFFC9EC66FF718AEBFA1D08B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudophygopoda panamensis (Giesbert 1996) Giesbert 1996	<div><p>Pseudophygopoda panamensis (Giesbert, 1996) comb. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 96, 148)</p><p>Phygopoda panamensis; Giesbert, 1996: 332, fig. 6; Monné, 2005: 499 (cat.); Monné &amp; Hovore, 2006: 123 (check). Panamapoda panamensis; Clarke, 2014: 350, fig. 2; Monné, 2015: 777 (cat.).</p><p>Male (Figs. 96). Integument from yellowish to brownish. Eyes frontally separated by about 1/5 of width of lower ocular lobe; inner margin of lower ocular lobes and clypeus covered with golden pubescence.</p><p>Antennae reaching first ventrite; antennomeres 3-6 with row of long semierect setae on inner margin; 7 with similar setae at apex of inner margin.</p><p>Prothorax covered with yellowish-golden pubescence, except for three elevations on pronotum; area between central and lateral elevations covered with deep punctures with long semierect to erect setae. Mesosternum covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Mesosternal process about 1/2 diameter of mesocoxa. Mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metasternum and metepisternum covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Scutellum densely covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Elytra with rounded apex.</p><p>Ratio between length of metafemoral clave and peduncle 1.2; pro-, meso- and metatarsi, and ventral surface densely covered with short, fine, yellowish-brown pubescence; dorsal surface covered with dark-brown pubescence; metatarsomere I 1.2 times longer than length of II and III together.</p><p>Ventrites with lateral spots with yellowish-golden pubescence. Last visible urotergite with base and apex rounded; last visible urosternite with apical margin covered with short, decumbent, yellowish-golden pubescence.</p><p>Measurements, in mm. male. n=1. Total length, 10.5; prothorax length, 1.6; prothorax width, 1.6; elytral length, 4; humeral width, 1.8.</p><p>Type-material. We examined the male paratype of P. panamensis (Fig. 96), from El Llano, Panama, Panama (FSCA). We also examined photographs (available from: https://apps2.cdfa.ca.gov/publicApps/plant/bycidDB/ wdetails.asp?id=4153&amp;w=n) of the male holotype of P. panamensis (CASC) from El Llano, Panama, Panama.</p><p>Comments. Pseudophygopoda panamensis differs from P. subvestita by the characteristic already mentioned above (see comments on P. subvestita).</p><p>Pseudophygopoda panamensis differs from P. albitarsis in the yellowish to yellowish-brown integument; the prothorax densely covered with yellowish-golden pubescence, except for elevations on the pronotal disc; and the scutellum and ventral surface covered with yellowish-golden pubescence. Pseudophygopoda albitarsis has brown to black integument with violet to greenish metallic iridescence; the prothorax sparsely covered with whitish setae, denser at sides; and the scutellum and ventral surface covered with whitish-yellow pubescence, glossy or matte.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Panama. (Fig. 148).</p><p>Specimen examined. PANAMA, Panama: El Llano, male (Paratype), 14−22.V.1993, E. Giesbert leg. (FSCA);</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93451B1FFFC9EC66FF718AEBFA1D08B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Carelli, Allan;Monné, Marcela L.	Carelli, Allan, Monné, Marcela L. (2015): Taxonomic revision of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Zootaxa 4021 (2): 201-242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.2.1
