identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
936A1433FF9BD839FE41059FFA8AFCAF.text	936A1433FF9BD839FE41059FFA8AFCAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus morehensis Tiwari &  Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus morehensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9E2C0A11-3E55-427D-B26D-0DD145BE44A9</p><p>Figs 2, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 96–150 mm, diameter 3–4 mm, segments 190–210. Closed epilobic prostomium. First dorsal pore in ix/x. Male genital orifices in xvii avestibulate, apenile. In intersegment 7/8, there is a single pair of spermathecal pores centred at b. Pair of presetal genital marking present ventrally in segments xiii at a on xvi paired, postsetal at ab. Septa 6/7/8 thickened. Lateral intestinal caeca in xxvii. Holandric, seminal vesicles in xii extends up to xiv. Three/four pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate tubular, duct long muscular with one or two loops. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae ornamented with circles of spine, shaft straight, tip bluntly rounded. Genital marking glands present.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The epithet ‘ morehensis ’ refers to the name of Moreh, a small town located within the Tengnoupal district, which is significant as part of the species’ habitat. By incorporating ‘ morehensis ’ into its scientific name, this earthworm species pays homage to the geographical region where it was first discovered, highlighting the importance of local ecosystems in biodiversity conservation efforts.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (2–3 segments from the caudal region taken for DNA extraction); Kwatha Range, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.2923&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3238" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.2923/lat 24.3238)">Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary</a>; 24.3238° N, 94.2923° E; 9 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/6; MNP17-1065-43A5.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; Tengnoupal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.1492&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3831" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.1492/lat 24.3831)">Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary</a>; 24.3831° N, 94.1492° E; 10 Oct, 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; MNP17-1061 - 43A1 .</p><p>Other material</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 6 specs; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1064 - 43 A4, MNP17-1066 - 43 A6, MNP17-1069 - 43 A9, MNP17-1070 - 43 A10, MNP17-1073 - 43 A13, MNP17-1074 - 43 A14 • 6 specs; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1097 - 44 A23, MNP17-1098 - 44 A24, MNP17-1099 - 44 A25, MNP17-1101 - 44 A27, MNP17-1102 - 44 A28, MNP17-1103 - 44 A29 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 150 mm, diameter 3.94 mm at preclitellar region. Total number of segments ca 205. Prostomium closed epilobic. Color chilean pink, uniformly pigmented. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 9/10. Setae start from segment ii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.62: 1.05: 2.34: 1: 10.63 on xii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 3.03: 1: 1.93: 1.29: 9.47 on xxiv and dd &lt;half circumference of body. Clitellum annular, covering ½ xiii–⅓ xvii. Spermathecal pore on intersegmental region of 7/8 centered at b, slit-like aperture, surrounded by swollen lips. Female pores in separate patch, paired, presetal at a on xiv. Male genital region appears as hemispherical, bowl-shaped structure covering segments 17 and 18, with narrow furrow separating them, avestibulate, apenile, on surface of body, male genital orifices discharge in transverse fissures on circular porophores surrounded with grooved rounded circle bounded with translucent margin, at b. Genital markings present on xvi paired, postsetal at ab with dark inner circle followed by whitish large swollen ring.</p><p>Septa 6/7/8 thickened present. Gizzard in viii. Pair of discrete intramural calciferous glands in xii. Intestine begins in xiv. Lateral intestinal caeca in xxvii. Typhlosole simple, lamelliform originated from xxviii. Ventral intestinal caeca 16–18, present in segments xxx–lvi. Supra-intestinal glands 4 pairs in segments lxxiv–lxxix. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Holandric, testis sac in x and xi, annular, seminal vesicles in ix and xii, posterior one extends up to xiv. Single pair of prostates extends from segments xvii to xix or xx. Each prostate has a long, muscular duct that opens into the body wall at segment xvii. Glandular part with one or two loops. One pair of spermathecae with two lateral diverticula, lobulated with 4–6 seminal chambers, which open separately into duct; ampulla oblate spheroid; duct slender, long, covered with bunch of nephridia. Penial setae two per battery, length 1.1 mm, width 0.036 mm, ornamented with circles of spine, shaft straight, tip bluntly rounded. Paired genital marking glands present on xvi, sessile.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Differences were noted in the number and position of the genital markings, especially in paratype MNP17-1061-43A1. The genital markings present in this paratype are on xiii, xiv, xv and xviii, paired, postsetal at a with 3 pairs of supra-intestinal glands in lxix–lxxiii.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The novel species Eutyphoeus morehensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov. is classified within the hastatus group as proposed by Gates (1958). This group is characterized by holandric testes, a lumbricine arrangement of setae, a complete dorsal blood vessel, and paired female pores. Gates originally included four species in the hastatus group: E. hastatus Gates, 1929, E. manipurensis manipurensis, E. marmoreus Gates, 1933 and E. bullatus Gates, 1933 . However, Gates (1958) limited this grouping to Burmese species of Eutyphoeus, while Indian species were placed in a separate category.</p><p>Subsequently, additional Indian species were discovered and incorporated into the hastatus group, including E. mizoramensis Julka, Ramanujam &amp; Lalthanzara, 2005; E. phawngpuiensis Tiwari, Lone, Thakur, James &amp; Yadav, 2021 and E. tawi Tiwari, Lone, Thakur, James &amp; Yadav, 2021 . Given this expanded classification, we propose that Indian species such as E. incommodus (Beddard, 1901), E. annandalei Michaelsen, 1907, and E. quadripapilatus Michaelsen, 1907 should also be included in the E. hastatus group, as they share the characteristic holandric male organs and paired female pores.</p><p>The novel species is distinct from other species in the group by the position of its spermathecal pores, which are centered at b, a trait shared only with E. tawi and E. marmoreus . In contrast, the spermathecal pores of E. manipurensis manipurensis, E. mizoramensis, E. quadripapilatus, and E. phawngpuiensis are located at a or ab, while those of E. annandalei and E. incommodus are positioned along the setal line of bc, and E. hastatus has at c.</p><p>Additionally, E. tawi and E. marmoreus are characterized by vestibulate male genital orifices, whereas the novel species is distinguished by its avestibulate male genital orifices (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The COI barcode data for the holotype, with process ID IEW1019-17, has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1325. For the species Eutyphoeus morehensis sp. nov, the mean intraspecific divergence is 1.17%, with a maximum intraspecific divergence of 2.23%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus lamdengensis sp. nov. with a nearest neighbor distance of 10.6% (Table 2). All paratypes and syntypes of the novel species share the same BIN number, BOLD: ADL1325, without any BIN discordance.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF9BD839FE41059FFA8AFCAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF9ED837FE5C02A4FADEF8BB.text	936A1433FF9ED837FE5C02A4FADEF8BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus lamdengensis Tiwari & Tiwari & Shilpi & James & Gupta & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus lamdengensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 885223D9-C855-4A6C-9768-892D6CA9B113</p><p>Figs 3, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 67–80 mm, diameter 3.6–4 mm, segments 134–150. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 10/11. Male genital orifices in xvii avestibulate, apenile. Single pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 large at ab. Female pores paired, presetal, slightly median to setae a. Pairs of genital markings usually on xvi, postsetal at ab sometimes on xi, on xviii single on left side, postsetal at ab; on xii paired, postsetal at ab. Septa 6/7/8 and 11/12 absent. Lateral intestinal caeca small in xxvii, ventrally directed. Holandric. 3–4 pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate extends from xvii–xxi, duct looped twice. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae ornamented on anterior end; tip pointed. Sessile genital marking gland present.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The etymology of Eutyphoeus lamdengensis sp. nov. is intricately tied to the discovery of the species within the Lamdeng Makhaleikai forest range in Manipur, India. The specific epithet ‘ lamdengensis ’ is derived from ‘Lamdeng’, referring to the geographical location where the species was originally found. The inclusion of ‘ lamdengensis ’ into its scientific name is a tribute to the forest range where this earthworm species naturally resides.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (2–3 segments from the caudal region was taken for DNA extraction); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.874&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.8376" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.874/lat 24.8376)">Lamdeng Makhaleikai forest</a> range; 24.8376° N, 93.874° E; elev. 844.306 m; 12 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/18; MNP17-1167-47A17.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 3 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1158 -47A7, MNP17-1166-47A16, MNP17-1168-47A18 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 67 mm, diameter 3.6 mm. Total number of segments 134. Prostomium tanylobic. Color wood brown uniformly pigmented. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 10/11 Setae small, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.03:1:1.69: 1.04:8.34 on xii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.93:1:1.90: 1.10:10.93 on xxiv and dd = half circumference. The spermathecal pores in intersegmental region of vii/viii, large at ab, the body wall around the pore fissured. Clitellum covers ⅔ xiii–½ xvii. Female pores paired, presetal, on xiv, slightly median to setae a easily visualized in oval patch which extends between bb. Male genital orifices avestibulate and apenile, on anterior wall below the papillae on segment xvii at b, the paired male papillae oval, and slightly slantwise so that the anterior ends directed away from each other. Each papilla extends from just internal to a, nearly to c, posterior part of the marking without elevation. Genital markings transversely elliptical with fine whitish outer margin, on xvi, paired, postsetal at ab, on xviii single, circular marking on rightside, postsetal, at ab.</p><p>Septa 6/7/8 and 11/12 absent, 9/10 thickened. Gizzard in viii extends up to ix. One pair of intramural calciferous glands in xii. A large lymph gland present in xiii–xiv. Intestine begins from xv. Lateral intestinal caeca small in xxvii, ventrally directed. Typhlosole simple lamelliform, begins from xxvii. Nine to twelve ventral intestinal caeca begins from segment xxxiii–lvi. 3–4 pairs of supra-intestinal gland present in segments lxix–lxxiii. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Holandric male organ, seminal vesicles in ix and xii, posterior vesicles extend from xi to xii/xiii, testis sacs in x and xi, anterior one ventral while posterior one annular. Prostate extends from xvii–xxi, duct looped twice. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, lateral, diverticulum stout, club-shaped with 4–5 seminal chambers, ampulla dome-shaped, duct short and wide. Penial setae length 1.45–1.55 mm, width 0.030 mm, ornamented on anterior end with a series of transverse striations, tip pointed, 2 per battery. Paired genital marking glands present in xvi and xvii, sessile.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Variations were observed in the number and position of the genital marks. In paratype MNP 17-1166- 47A16, a single genital marking present on xi, on the right side, between ab, on xii, paired, postsetal between ab and genital marking absent on segment xviii. In paratype MNP 17-1168-47A18, paired genital marking present on xi; in paratype MNP17-1158-47A7, paired genital markings present on xviii and only one in xix on right side, between ab. In paratype MNP17-1158-47A7, first dorsal pore in 9/10.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The novel species Eutyphoeus lamdengensis sp. nov., characterized by avestibulate male genital orifices, holandric testes, paired spermathecal pores in segments vii/viii at ab, and a complete dorsal blood vessel, closely resembles E. phawngpuiensis and is accordingly placed within the hastatus group (Gates 1958). However, it is distinguished by its unique arrangement of genital markings, ventrally oriented lateral intestinal caeca, and the presence of genital marking glands (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The COI barcode data for the holotype (process ID IEW1121-17) and one paratype (MNP17-1158-47A7, process ID IEW1112-17) has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1721. In contrast, the other two paratypes, MNP17-1166-47A16 (process ID IEW1120-17) and MNP17-1168-47A18 (process ID IEW1122-17), have been assigned a different BIN number, BOLD: ADL1570. This BIN discordance within the newly discovered species indicates a mean intraspecific divergence of 2.44% and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 3.28% for Eutyphoeus lamdengensis sp. nov. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus manipurensis manipurensis, with a nearest neighbor distance of 10.01% (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF9ED837FE5C02A4FADEF8BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF91D834FE490031FCF3FE6D.text	936A1433FF91D834FE490031FCF3FE6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus shiroensis Tiwari & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus shiroensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D7ACB23D-6818-4585-BD53-EF7C7DA1EFD6</p><p>Figs 4, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 130 mm, diameter 4.7 mm, segments 125. First dorsal pore in 11/12. Male genital orifices in xvii avestibulate, apenile. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 large at ab. Genital markings on xvi paired, postsetal at ab, also in xviii paired, postsetal at a. Septa 6/7/8/9 absent. Lateral intestinal caeca in xxviii. Holandric, seminal vesicles in xii segment extend up to xvii. 4 pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate extends up to xxi, duct with one short coiled loop. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae absent.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The etymology of Eutyphoeus shiroensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov. is derived from its discovery in the Shiroi National Park, located in the northeastern state of Manipur, India. The specific epithet ‘ shiroensis ’ is derived from ‘Shiroi’, the name of the national park. This terminology intends to emphasize the significance of protecting the distinct ecosystems present in the park and to emphasize the necessity of preserving biodiversity in Manipur’s natural landscapes.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (2–3 segments from the tail region cut for DNA extraction); Shirui Kashong (Peak), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.4202&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.1302" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.4202/lat 25.1302)">Shiroi National Park</a>; 25.1302° N, 94.4202° E; elev. 2106.19 m; 11 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/15; MNP17-1104-45A1.</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 130 mm, diameter 4.7 mm. The total number of segments 125 (excluding tail region aborted for molecular analysis). Prostomium (?). Color coffee brown, uniformly pigmented. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 11/12. aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.04: 1: 2.04: 1.07: 10.24 on xii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 3.51:1: 1.74: 1.83: 12.64 on xxiv. Clitellum pithos-shaped (terminals narrow and middle part enlarged in segment xv), covers four segments ½ xiii–⅓ xvii. Spermathecal pores in 7/8, at ab, large slit-like, body wall around pore swollen, fissured and swelling of pores merged mid ventrally without any demarcation, spermatophore present. Female pore paired, presetal on xiv slightly median to a. Male genital region beyond clitellum, male genital orifices avestibulate and apenile, on xvii under a hoof-like callus papillae at ab, each papilla extends laterally beyond ab. Paired and postsetal genital markings on xvi (at ab) and xviii (at a).</p><p>Septa 6/7/8/9 absent, 9/10 thickened. Gizzard in viii extends up to ix. Intramural calciferous gland in xii. Intestine begins in xv. Lateral intestinal caeca in xxviii. Typhlosole begins in xxviii. Ventral intestinal caeca 8 in number begins in xxxi. Four supra-intestinal glands pairs in 74–79. Last pair of hearts in xiv. Holandric, testis sacs in x and xi, annular; seminal vesicles in ix and xii with distinct hexagonal chambers, anterior one large petal-like in shape, posterior one extended up to xvii. Prostate in xvii extends up to xxi, duct short with one coiled loop. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, median and lateral overlapping each other, each diverticulum with two seminal chambers, ampulla large, oval-shaped with bulbous outgrowth on latero-anterior end, while ventrally no demarcation of bulging, ductless. Penial setae absent. Paired genital marking glands present in xvii, sessile.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The novel species Eutyphoeus shiroensis is characterized by the paired spermathecal pores in segments vii/viii at ab, avestibulate male genital orifices, and holandric testes and thus classified within the hastatus group (Gates 1958). It closely resembles E. phawngpuiensis, but is distinguished by the male genital orifices on xvii under hoof-like callus papillae at ab, each papilla extends laterally beyond ab, pithos-shaped clitellum, seminal vesicles with distinct hexagonal chambers in segments ix and xii, with the posterior vesicle extending to segment xvii, and the absence of penial setae (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The COI barcode data for the holotype MNP17-1104-45A1, with process ID IEW1058-17, has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1719. For the newly described species, Eutyphoeus shiroensis sp. nov., the nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov., with a nearest neighbor genetic distance of 10.94% (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF91D834FE490031FCF3FE6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF93D832FE5800E3FBA4FA41.text	936A1433FF93D832FE5800E3FBA4FA41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus kashongensis Tiwari  & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus kashongensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 32D476D3-EBB1-4691-B4AA-931469B01046</p><p>Figs 5, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 75–124 mm, diameter 3–4 mm, segments 75–140. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 11/12. Male genital orifices avestibulate and apenile discharges under cuneate wedge-shaped papillae at b. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at ab. Genital marking paired, postsetal, annular at b, the inner circle dark pigmented, outer circle light in color extends up to a on xv and xvi. Septa 7/8 and 8/9 missing. Intestinal caeca small, in xxvii. Holandric. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate tubular, prostatic duct shining white, looped three times. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae ornamented with longitudinal series of triangular spine on anterior end, tip blunt. Genital marking glands present.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The etymology of Eutyphoeus kashongensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov. refers to the fact that it was discovered near the Kashong Peak, specifically in the neighborhood of Shirui Kashong (Peak) in Manipur, India. Its scientific name indicates the specific geographic origin in the area surrounding Kashong Peak, in order to highlight the necessity of identifying and protecting the biodiversity in the area surrounding Shirui Kashong (Peak). It also emphasizes the significance of conservation efforts in safeguarding the natural habitats of Manipur’s diverse landscapes.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (few segments from caudal region taken for DNA extraction); Shirui Kashong (Peak), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.4202&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.1302" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.4202/lat 25.1302)">Shiroi National Park</a>; 25.1302° N, 94.4202° E; elev. 2106.19 m; 11 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/14; MNP17-1110-45A7.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 3 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1112-45A9, MNP17-1114-45A11, MNP17-1119-45A16 .</p><p>Other material</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 3 specs; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1113 - 45 A10, MNP17-1129 - 45 A27, MNP17-1134 - 45 A32 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 115 mm, diameter 3.58 mm. Total number of segments 135. Prostomium tanylobic. Body coloration is non-uniform, with anterior 16 segments being dark wood brown, while posterior region is light cedar brown. First dorsal pore in 11/12. Setae begins from segment ii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2:1: 2.66:1.49: 12.31 on xii and aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.94:1: 2.35:1.44: 12.54 on xxiv. Clitellum narrow with rounded ends at xvii somewhat alabastron pot-like, occupying ⅔ xiii–½ xvii. Spermathecal pores at ab on intersegmental region of vii/viii, opens with a slit-like aperture on raised area amid fissured area. Female pores paired on xiv, presetal, at a slightly towards median. Male genital region in hemispherical cauldron shape shallow vent, in ½ xvi–½ xviii, male genital orifices avestibulate and apenile discharge under cuneate (wedge-shaped) papillae with fimbriated margin at the anterior wall on segment xvii at b, each papilla extends from a to b. A pair of long (2.38 mm) penial setae emerge out from male genital orifices. Genital markings paired, postsetal, at b, the inner circle dark pigmented, outer circle light in color, extends up to a on xv and xvi.</p><p>Septa 4/5/6/7 thickened, 7/8 and 8/9 missing, 9/10 and 10/11 thickened and displaced backwards, 11/12 missing or represented by a ventral vestige. Gizzard in viii, dorsal blood vessel terminates anterior to gizzard in vi. Intramural calciferous gland present in xii, intestine begins in xv, last pair of hearts in xiii. Supra-intestinal gland 3 pairs in lxv– lxvii. Lateral intestinal caeca small in xxvii. Tufts of nephridia present in segment iii. Holandric, testis sacs in x and xi, male funnels usually rounded iridescent, seminal vesicles on ix and xii, second one extends up to xiv. Prostate extends from xvii–xxii. The prostatic duct shining white, looped three times. Spermathecae are bidiverticulate, with sausage-shaped diverticula. These diverticula exhibit a spermatozoal iridescence, confined to the terminal seminal chambers, duct short and wide, ampulla ellipsoid. Penial setae deeply embedded in the body wall, length 2.38 mm, width 0.031 mm, ornamentation with longitudinal series of triangular spine on anterior end, tip blunt, two per battery. Genital marking glands paired, sessile, spherical, swollen in xv and xvi.</p><p>Variations</p><p>The paratype MNP17-1114-45A11 exhibits a single, post-setal genital marking on xviii. Also in paratype MNP17-1112-45A 9 in one spermatheca, one of the diverticula has two lobes which apprehends the presence of three diverticula.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species was categorized as part of the hastatus group (Gates 1958), which is characterized by a pair of spermathecal pores in vii/viii at ab, avestibulate male genital orifices and holandric testes. It seems to be close to Eutyphoeus shiroensis sp. nov. and distinguished from other species of the group by the presence of an alabastron pot clitellum. In addition, the male genital orifices discharges under cuneate wedge-shaped papillae with a fimbriated margin at b (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The COI barcode data for the holotype MNP17-1110-45A7 (process ID IEW1064-17) is assigned BIN BOLD: ADL1717. Eutyphoeus kashongensis sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.07%, with a maximum of 0.15%. Its closest relative, Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis sp. nov. has a nearest neighbor distance of 10.35% (Table 2). All specimens of this species share the same BIN.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF93D832FE5800E3FBA4FA41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF95D830FE430487FD37F8A5.text	936A1433FF95D830FE430487FD37F8A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus ukhrulensis Tiwari & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus ukhrulensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A1F1C323-1F9A-43E2-B73F-ECA919C5F616</p><p>Figs 6, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 82–120 mm, diameter 2.6–3.3 mm, segments 86–110. Prostomium combined pro-tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 10/11. Male genital orifices avestibulate, apenile, each male genital orifice distantly located on circular porophores centered at b, one pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at ab. Genital marking paired on xvi and xviii postsetal at b. Septa 6/7/8 thick. Intestinal caeca in xxvii, conical shape, ventrally directed. Holandric, seminal vesicle both present in ix and xii, posterior one extends up to xv. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate extends from xvii–xxi, prostatic duct long tubular with two loops. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae straight except for little curvature to neck, ornamented with irregularly scattered large spines in anterior region, tip curved, pointed. Genital marking glands absent.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Eutyphoeus ukhrulensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov. named after the Ukhrul district in the Shirui Kashong Peak area of Shirui National Park, Manipur, India.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (2–3 segments from the tail region cut for DNA extraction); Shirui Kashong (Peak), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.4202&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.1302" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.4202/lat 25.1302)">Shiroi National Park</a>; 25.1302° N, 94.4202° E; elev. 2106.19 m; 11 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/16; MNP17-1116-45A13.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1120-45A17, MNP17-1131-45A29 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 82 mm, diameter 2.6 mm. Total number of segments ca 86. Prostomium combined pro-tanylobic. Color is non-uniform, with anterior 16 segments being dark wood brown, while posterior region is pale brown. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 10/11. Setae closely paired, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = on xii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = on xxiv. Clitellum olpe-shaped with narrow anterior and broad middle body, ranges from ½ 13/17. Spermathecal pore slit-like aperture bounded with a little swollen lip at ab on 7/8. Female pore paired slightly median to a surrounded by separate circles, on segment xiv. Male genital region inverted hemispherical with flat base, avestibulate, apenile, each male genital orifice distantly located on circular porophores centered at b, bounded with thick circular swelling with fissured inner margin on segment xvii. Genital markings paired on xvi and xviii postsetal at b.</p><p>Septa 6/7/8 thick. Gizzard in segment viii–ix. Intestine starts from xv. Lateral intestinal caeca in xxvii, conical shape, ventrally directed. Typhlosole starts from xxvii. Ventral intestinal caeca 4–5 in xxxi–xxxvi. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands in segment lxii–lxvi. Last pair of heart in xiii. Holandric male organ, testis sac in x and xi, annular, seminal vesicle both present in ix and xii, posterior one extends up to xv. Prostates occupy xvii–xxi, duct long tubular with two loops. Spermathecae bidiverticulate and club-shaped diverticula, one median and one lateral, each opening separately into the lumen of the duct, ampulla is relatively large and sac-like, while the duct is long and slender. Penial setae two per battery, length 1.2 mm, width 0.024 mm, straight except for little curvature to neck, ornamented with irregularly scattered large spines in anterior region, tip curved, pointed. Genital marking glands absent.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Eutyphoeus ukhrulensis sp. nov. with diagnostic traits of the holandric male organ, spermathecal pores at ab and penial setae present closely resembles Eutyphoeus kashongensis sp. nov. However, it can be easily distinguished from E. kashongensis and other species of the group by the presence of male genital orifices on the circular porophores centered at b, genital marking glands absent and a club-shaped diverticulum (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The holotype MNP17-1116-45A13, with process ID IEW1070-17, has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1324 based on COI barcode data. Eutyphoeus ukhrulensis sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 1.14 % and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 1.47%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis sp. nov. with a nearest neighbor distance of 9.64 (Table 2). All specimens of the novel species share the same BIN number.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF95D830FE430487FD37F8A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF88D82DFE430031FD16FBB9.text	936A1433FF88D82DFE430031FD16FBB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus lokchaensis Tiwari& Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus lokchaensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D33C4A10-69FD-4AEB-9CB9-3232DAE02B73</p><p>Figs 7, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 125–185 mm, diameter 4.2–5 mm, segments 115–138. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 10/11. Male genital orifices bivestibulate, apenile, at ab left gonopore at a below the triangular, multi-fissured papillae. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at b or lateral to b. Genital markings post setal, median to aa, single in vii, viii, ix, x, xvi, presetal on xviii; postsetal, paired, at ab in vii, xvi; presetal, paired, at ab on viii, xviii; paired, postsetal, lateral to b. Septa all present. Intestinal caeca in xxvii, originated extremely lateral, ventrally directed. Holandric, seminal vesicle both present in ix and xii, posterior one extended up to xvi. Four-five pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate extended up to xxii, duct very long, coiled, thick. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae closely crowded circles of small fine triangular tooth-like ornamentation, slightly bent on anterior end, with blunt tip.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The etymology of Eutyphoeus lokchaensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov. refers to its discovery location in the Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary, situated in Tengnoupal district, Manipur, India.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (few segments from caudal region taken for DNA extraction); Tengnoupal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.1492&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3831" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.1492/lat 24.3831)">Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary</a>; 24.3831° N, 94.1492° E; 10 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/9; MNP17-1075-44A1.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 3 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1075-44A, MNP17-1076-44A2, MNP17-1077-44A3 .</p><p>Other material</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 1 spec.; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1096-44A2 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 150 mm, diameter 4.2 mm. Total number of segments 136. Color cidar brown, uniformly pigmented. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 10/11. Prostomium tanylobic. Setae small, closely paired aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.2: 1: 2.65: 1.42: 12.37 on xii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 3.3: 1:2.29: 1.49: 12.89 on xxiv. Clitellum annular, covering ⅓ xiii to xvi segment. Spermathecal pore on intersegmental region of 7/8 at b or lateral to b, surrounded by fissured swollen lips with genital marking at lateral ends. Female pore on xiv, paired, presetal, slightly median to a, independent with or without common circle. Male genital region pentagonal in shape, male genital orifices bivestibulate, apenile, at ab left gonopore at a below triangular, multi-fissured papillae with narrow anterior end. Muscular composition of papilla compact. Genital markings post setal, median to aa, single in vii, viii, ix, x, xvi, presetal on xviii; postsetal, paired, at ab in vii, xvi; presetal, paired, at ab just below spermathecal pore on viii, xviii; paired, postsetal, lateral to b on surrounding surface of spermathecal pore. Median genital marking of xvi and xviii triangular in shape.</p><p>All septa present. Gizzard in viii segment. Intramural calciferous gland in xii. Intestine begins in xv. Lateral intestinal caeca in xxvii, originating extremely lateral, ventrally directed, conical with broad base and rounded tip. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Ventral intestinal caeca 7 in number, begins from xxxi–xxxviii. Typhlosole begins from xxvii. Supra-intestinal glands 4–5 pairs in segment lxxiv–lxxix. Holandric, testis sac annular in x and xi, seminal vesicles in ix and xii, posterior one extends up to xvi. Prostate in xvii, extended up to xxii, duct very long, coiled, thick. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, lateral, upwardly directed, multilobulated with 4–5 seminal chambers, duct very short or ductless, sac-like large ampulla. Penial setae two per battery, length 1.75–1.86 mm, width 0.039 mm, with closely crowded circles of small fine triangular tooth-like ornamentation, slightly bent on anterior end with blunt tip.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Overall, no substantial variations were detected.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species is classified within the hastatus group (Gates 1958), and characterized by traits such as spermathecal pores positioned at b or lateral to b, bidiverticulate spermathecae, paired female pores, and holandric testes. It is distinguished by its vestibulated male genital orifices, a feature shared with E. tawi and E. marmoreus . However, the presence of lateral intestinal caeca sets it apart from E. tawi, while the presence of genital markings differentiates it from E. marmoreus (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The holotype MNP17-1075-44A1 (process ID IEW1029-17) has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL0070 based on COI barcode data. Eutyphoeus lokchaensis sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.08% and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 0.15%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus lamdengensis sp. nov. with a nearest neighbor distance of 10.37 (Table 2). All specimens of the novel species share the same BIN number.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF88D82DFE430031FD16FBB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF8AD82AFE4705BEFBEEFE07.text	936A1433FF8AD82AFE4705BEFBEEFE07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus baronongini Tiwari & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus baronongini Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8FFA26BA-5EAE-48F5-86F6-C169D6CE2D7C</p><p>Figs 8, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 75–90 mm, diameter 4.2–5 mm, segments 110–156. Prostomium combined pro-tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 10/11. Male genital orifices bivestibulate, apenile, at b under the knob-like rounded papillae. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at b extends laterally. Female pore paired, presetal, median to a. Genital marking single median in xvii and xviii triangular in shape. Also, on xviii a single circular marking on right side, post setal, at a. Septa 6/7/8 absent. Intestinal caeca dorsally directed. Holandric, paired seminal vesicles in ix and xii, posterior one extends up to xvi. Four pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate tubular, duct narrow, twisted takes one round before opening into the vestibule. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae irregular triangular tooth-like ornamentation, slightly bent on anterior end, with blunt tip.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Combining ‘baro’ (from ‘bar-tailed’) and ‘nongini’ to highlight the local name associated with the bird, tying the species to the regional identity. The etymology acknowledges that the Nongin Humes Bar-tailed Pheasant, the state bird, resides in the Shiroi National Park, which is the original location where this species was first identified.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (few segments from caudal region taken for DNA extraction); Shirui Kashong (Peak), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.4202&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.1302" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.4202/lat 25.1302)">Shiroi National Park</a>; 25.1302° N, 94.4202° E; elev. 2106.19 m; 11 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/13; MNP17-1105-45A2.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1106-45A3, MNP17-1115-45A12 .</p><p>Other material</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 7 specs; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1124-45A21, MNP17-1126-45A23, MNP17-1127-45A24, MNP17-1128-45A26, MNP17-1132-45A30, MNP17-1133-45A31, MNP17-1136- 45A34 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 75 mm, diameter 4.2 mm. Total number of segments 110. Color is uniformly pigmented woody cedar brown, with prostomium being slightly darker. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 11/12. Prostomium combined pro-tanylobic. Setae small, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.29: 1.20:2.24:1: 11.19 on xii. Clitellum barrel-shaped posteriorly widened, occupying ⅔ xiii to xvii segment. Spermathecal pore on intersegmental region of 7/8 at b extends laterally, surrounded by fissured thick swollen lips. Female pore in xiv, paired, presetal, median to a, in common elliptical white circle. Male genital region bowl-shaped, male genital orifices bivestibulate, apenile, at b under knob-like rounded papillae. In one paratype, porophores protruded during preservation and hid the vestibule, gave impression of being avestibulate. Muscular composition of papillae tough. Genital marking single median in xvii and xviii triangular in shape. Also, on xviii single circular marking present on right side, post setal, at a.</p><p>Septa 6/7/8 absent. Gizzard in space between septa 5/6–8/9. Intramural calciferous gland in xii. Intestine begins in xv. Lateral intestinal caeca present on segment xxvii dorsally directed. Ventral intestinal caeca 13 in number, begins from xxxii–xlvi. Typhlosole (?). Supra-intestinal glands 4 pairs in segment lx– lxv. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Holandric, testis sacs annular in x and xi, seminal vesicles in ix and xii, posterior one extends up to xvi. Prostates in xvii, extends up to xx–xxi, duct narrow, twisted takes one round before opening into vestibulae. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, stout shape diverticulum with budlike terminals with 4–5 seminal chamber, opens with common aperture in short and wide spermathecal duct, ampullae large sac-like ventrally lobulated, dorsally appears in one capsule. Penial setae two per battery, length 1.03 mm, width 0.029 mm, irregular triangular tooth-like ornamentation, slightly bent on anterior end, with blunt tip.</p><p>Variation</p><p>In paratype MNP17-1106-45A3, the porophores extended externally during preservation, concealing the vestibule, thus creating the impression of being avestibulate.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The novel species Eutyphoeus baronongini sp. nov. is classified within the hastatus group (Gates 1958). It has similar traits as Eutyphoeus lokchaensis sp. nov., such as the spermathecal pores positioned at b or lateral to b, bidiverticulate spermathecae, paired female pores, and holandric testes. However, it could be differentiated by the absence of pre-clitellar genital markings (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The holotype MNP17-1105-45A2, designated process ID EW1059-17, has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1716 based on the COI barcode data. Eutyphoeus baronongini sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.75 % and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 1.28%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis sp. nov. with a nearest neighbor distance of 10.58 (Table 2). All specimens of the novel species share the same BIN number.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF8AD82AFE4705BEFBEEFE07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF8DD824FE62033CFD37FAFC.text	936A1433FF8DD824FE62033CFD37FAFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus yangoupokpensis Tiwari & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus yangoupokpensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F689F1CE-6188-4B23-B5B6-4DEE427678DF</p><p>Figs 9, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 60–80 mm, diameter 3.7–4 mm, segments 84–140. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 10/11. Male genital orifices bivestibulate, pentagonal vestibula, apenile, between ab just beneath the pear-shaped papillae. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at b encircled with 4–5 small circular genital markings. Genital markings paired on xvi post setal, at b, single median on xvii. Sometimes paired on xviii post setal, at b and absent on xvii. Septa 6/7/8/9 absent. Intestinal caeca in xxvi, small, ventrally directed. Holandric, seminal vesicles in ix and xii, anterior one with distinct hexagonal chambers, posterior one extends up to xvi. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate tubular, duct elongated, wide at posterior end. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae ornamented with triangular teeth in transverse rows, tip blunt, slightly bent on anterior region. Genital marking glands present.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet ‘ yangoupokpensis ’ is after the Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary in Tengnoupal, Manipur, where it was discovered.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (2–3 segments from caudal region taken for DNA extraction); Tengnoupal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.1492&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3831" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.1492/lat 24.3831)">Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary</a>; 24.3831° N, 94.1492° E; 10 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/8; MNP17-1086-44A12.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1085-44A11, MNP17-1089-44A15 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 80 mm, diameter 3.9 mm. Total number of segments 100. Color desert brown, uniformly pigmented. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 10/11. Prostomium tanylobic. aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 1.89: 1: 1.96: 1.07: 9.97 on xii, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 3.14: 1: 2.57: 1.57: 13.43 on xxiv. Clitellum barrel-shaped, swelling of clitellum commenced from ½ xiii and extends up to xvi. Spermathecal pores on intersegmental region of 7/8, at b, slit-like aperture, surrounded by 4–5 small circular genital markings arranged in ring. Female pores paired on segment xiv, presetal at a. Male genital region hemispherical bowl-like, male genital orifices bivestibulate, pentagonal vestibula, apenile, between ab just beneath pear-shaped papillae. Genital markings paired on xvi post setal, at b, single median on xvii and 4–5 circular marking encircles spermathecal pore in vii–viii.</p><p>Septa 6/7/8/9 absent. Gizzard in viii. Intramural calciferous glands in xii. Intestine starts from xv. Lateral intestinal caeca in segment xxvi, small, ventrally directed. Typhlosole begins from xxvi. Ventral intestinal caeca 5 in number in segments xxx–xxxv. Supra-intestinal glands 3 pairs (first pair hidden underneath second one) in segment lxvii–lxx. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Holandric, testis sacs in x and xi, annular, seminal vesicles present in ix and xii, anterior one with distinct hexagonal chambers, posterior one extends up to xvi. Prostates in xvii–xxi, duct elongated, wide at posterior end. Penial setae two per battery, length 1.2–1.4 mm, width 0.037 mm, ornamented with triangular teeth in transverse rows, tip blunt, slightly bent on anterior region. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, one median and one lateral, diverticulum long tubular, helical, each diverticulum opens separately into duct with 5–6 seminal chambers, ampulla sac-like, duct short and wide. 4–5 small spheroidal genital marking glands present around spermathecal duct with one pair of sessile genital markings glands in xvi.</p><p>Variation</p><p>In paratype MNP17-1085-44A11, a paired genital marking present on xviii post setal, at b and absent on xvii.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Eutyphoeus yangoupokpensis sp. nov., classified within the hastatus group (Gates 1958), is characterized by holandric testes, bidiverticulate spermathecae, and spermathecal pores positioned at b. The species is grouped with other vestibulated members of the hastatus group, including E. tawi, E. marmoreus, E. lokchaensis sp. nov. and E. baronongini sp. nov. However, it is distinguished by the presence of lateral intestinal caeca, genital markings, and genital marking glands surrounding the spermathecal duct in segment vii (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The holotype MNP17-1086-44A12 (process ID IEW1040-17) has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1713 based on COI barcode data. Eutyphoeus yangoupokpensis sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.1% and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 0.15%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis sp. nov. with a nearest neighbor distance of 8.22 (Table 2). All specimens of the novel species share the same BIN number.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF8DD824FE62033CFD37FAFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF83D822FE6C0472FD36F8BB.text	936A1433FF83D822FE6C0472FD36F8BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis Tiwari & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A2FB72E5-54DF-4C5B-92E6-FA997446C14E</p><p>Figs 10, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 60–92 mm, diameter 3.7–4 mm, segments 121–156. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 10/11. Male genital orifices bivestibulate, apenile, on xvii, lateral to b, under bilobed genital papillae. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 lateral to b surrounded by 4–5 small circular genital markings. Genital markings on xvi and xvii paired, presetal at b, on xvii single, median, circular. On vii segment all postsetal, one median and 2 lateral to b. On viii segment presetal, one at b and 2 lateral to b. Septa 6/7/8 present. Intestinal caeca in xxvi, small oar-shaped, ventrally directed. Holandric, seminal vesicles present in ix and xii, those of xii extend up to xiii or xiv. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate tubular, duct small, twisted loop-like. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae ornamented, hook-like, shaft with slight curvature of anterior region, pointed tip.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name ‘ tengnoupalensis ’ is a Latinized adjective derived from ‘Tengnoupal’, the location where this species was discovered, specifically the Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary in Tengnoupal, Manipur.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (few segments from caudal region taken for DNA extraction); Tengnoupal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.1492&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3831" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.1492/lat 24.3831)">Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary</a>; 24.3831° N, 94.1492° E; 10 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/12; MNP17-1079-44A5.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1079-44A5, MNP17-1080-44A6 .</p><p>Other material</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 specs; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1078-44A4, MNP17-1090-44A16 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 80 mm, diameter 3.77 mm. Total number of segments 128. Prostomium tanylobic. Color dark beige brown, uniformly pigmented throughout body, with only openings having a slightly lighter lining. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 10/11. aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 3.21: 1.39: 2.66: 1: 13.33 on xii and aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = on xxiv. Clitellum annular, slightly broadened in xvi–xvii, covers ½ xiii to ½ xvii. Spermathecal pores on intersegmental region of 7/8, lateral to b, slit-like aperture surrounded by 4–5 small circular genital markings. Female pore slightly median to a, paired, presetal on xiv in distinct white elongated patch with slight demarcation in centre. Male genital region dumbbell-shaped, male genital orifices bivestibulate, apenile, on xvii, lateral to b, under bilobed genital papillae (sharp demarcation present between two lobes of papillae). Genital markings on xvi and xvii paired, presetal at b, on xvii single, median, circular. On vii segment all postsetal, one median and two lateral to b. On viii segment presetal, one at b and two lateral to b.</p><p>Septa 6/7/8 present. Gizzard in segment viii. Intramural calciferous gland present in segment xii. Lateral intestinal caeca present in xxvi, small oar-shaped, ventrally directed. Ventral intestinal caeca 4–5 (?) in number from segment xxx, intestine broken. Typhlosole start from xxvi. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands present in segments lxv–lxx. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Holandric, testis sacs in x and xi, annular, seminal vesicles in ix and xii those of xii extends up to xiii or xiv. Intestine begins from xiv. Prostates tubular, on segment xvii and extend up to xxi–xxii, duct small, twisted loop-like. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, lateral, 5 spheroidal genital markings attached in a ring-like manner directly to short wide duct, ampulla sac somewhat flat, diverticula digitiform, distantly situated in opposite direction, opens separately into duct. Penial setae two per battery, length 1.54 mm, width 0.036 mm, ornamented, hook-like, shaft with slight curvature of anterior region, pointed tip.</p><p>Variation</p><p>In paratype MNP17-1080-44A6, an additional pair of genital marking present on xv, postsetal at b.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The novel species is classified within the hastatus group (Gates 1958) and appears to be diverged from E. yangoupokpensis sp. nov. due to its comparable spermathecal pore and arrangement of genital markings. It is characterized by its non-pentagonal shape of vestibula and penial setae with a pointed tip (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The COI barcode data of the holotype MNP17-1079-44A5 (process ID IEW1033-17), has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1715. Eutyphoeus tengnoupalensis sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.38% and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 0.76%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus yangoupokpensis sp. nov. with a nearest neighbor distance of 8.22 (Table 2). All specimens of the novel species share the same BIN number.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF83D822FE6C0472FD36F8BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FF86D81FFE4A0031FDABF90F.text	936A1433FF86D81FFE4A0031FDABF90F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus kwathensis Tiwari & Yadav 2025	<div><p>Eutyphoeus kwathensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 68895F78-62C2-4FF0-87B4-390D8548815E</p><p>Figs 11, 14; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Length 63–80 mm, diameter 2.5–3 mm, segments 142–170. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore in 11/12. Male genital orifices avestibulate, apenile, slit-like aperture at ab. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 lateral to b. Genital markings with dark inner circle followed by fine translucent ring which is further encircled with whitish large swollen ring, all postsetal, on xi paired at b projected towards lateral, on xiv single on one side at ab, on xv, xvi paired at ab. Septa 5/6/7/8 present. Intestinal caeca simple, ventrally directed, on segment xxvi. Metandric male organs, testis sac annular on segment xi, seminal vesicle one pair in segment xii. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands. Prostate extends from segment xvi to xx, duct looped twice or thrice. Bidiverticulate spermathecae. Penial setae serpentine, ornamented anteriorly with circle of strips, tip spoon-shaped with small bulbous end.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet ‘ kwathensis ’ denotes a species that is associated with the Kwatha range of Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary in Manipur, which is its type locality. This nomenclature not only aids in taxonomic classification but also acknowledges the sanctuary’s role in preserving the wide range of biodiversity and facilitates scientific exploration.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • clitellate (few caudal segments excised for DNA extraction); Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary; 24.2542° N, 94.2992° E; elev. 418.8 m; 8 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; registration number – ZSI CZRC T/5; MNP17-1044-42A3.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1045-42A4, MNP17-1046-42A5 .</p><p>Other material</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 1 spec.; same data as for holotype; MNP17-1042-42A1 • 1 spec.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.2923&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3238" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.2923/lat 24.3238)">Kwatha range</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.2923&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3238" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.2923/lat 24.3238)">Yangoupokpi-Lokchao Wildlife Sanctuary</a>; 24.3238° N, 94.2923° E; 9 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; MNP17-1072-43A12 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Length 63 mm, diameter 2.6 mm. Total number of segments 142. Prostomium tanylobic. Color non uniform, anterior 4–5 segments rosy brown while, rest of body cinnamon brown. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 11/12. Setae small and setae c and d not easily observable, not viable to measure all of setal distance on segment xii and xxiv, thus distance aa:ab = 2.48: 1 at xii and 2.81: 1 at xxiv. Clitellum annular, extends from segment ½ xiii to ¼ xvii. Paired spermathecal pores on intersegmental region of 7/8, lateral to b. Female pores paired, presetal slightly median to a in separate patches on segment xiv. Male genital orifices avestibulate, apenile, slit-like aperture at ab on segment xvii. Genital markings with dark inner circle followed by fine translucent ring, further encircled with whitish large swollen ring, all postsetal, on xi paired at b projected towards lateral, on xiv single on one side at ab, on xv, xvi paired at ab.</p><p>Septa 5/6/7/8 present. Gizzard in segment viii occupies little vii and extends up to ix. One pair of intramural calciferous glands on segment xii. Intestine begins from segment xiv. Lateral intestinal caeca simple, ventrally directed, on segment xxvi. Ventral intestinal caeca 4–5 in number begins from segment xxxi. Three pairs of supra-intestinal glands present in segments lxii–lxv. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Metandric, testis sacs annular on segment xi, seminal vesicle one pair in xii. Prostates extend from segment xvi to xx, duct looped twice or thrice. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, lateral, with two seminal chambers, tubular outwardly directed diverticula opens through common aperture into duct, ampulla oval-shaped, duct short. Penial setae 3–4 per battery, serpentine, length 2.5–2.7 mm, width 0.036 mm, ornamented anteriorly with circle of strips, tip spoon-shaped with small bulbous end.</p><p>Variation</p><p>The paratype MNP17-1045-42A4 exhibits variation in number and position of genital markings. These markings are paired in x, xiv and xv, postsetal at b, on xvi single on one side. In contrast, paratype MNP17-1046-42A5 lacks genital markings on segments xiv and xvi, but has a single marking on xv.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The novel species Eutyphoeus kwathensis sp. nov. having traits such as metandric male organs, paired female pores, lateral intestinal caeca ventrally directed and bidiverticulate spermathecae resembles the characteristics of E. turaensis Stephenson, 1920 and can be differentiated by the presence of serpentine penial setae with a small bulbous end and a spoon-shaped tip (Table 1).</p><p>DNA barcode</p><p>The holotype MNP17-1044-42A3 (process ID IEW998-17) has been assigned the BIN number BOLD: ADL1718 based on the COI barcode data. Eutyphoeus kwathensis sp. nov. has a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.15% and a maximum intraspecific divergence of 0.31%. Its nearest neighbor species is Eutyphoeus assamensis with a nearest neighbor distance of 18.82 (Table 2). All specimens of the novel species share the same BIN number.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FF86D81FFE4A0031FDABF90F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FFB8D81DFDA907C5FE3FFD9E.text	936A1433FFB8D81DFDA907C5FE3FFD9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus assamensis Stephenson 1926	<div><p>Eutyphoeus assamensis Stephenson, 1926</p><p>Figs 12, 14; Table 2</p><p>Material examined</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 2 clitellates; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.7117&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3372" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.7117/lat 24.3372)">Churachandpur</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.7117&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3372" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.7117/lat 24.3372)">residential area</a>; 24.3372° N, 93.7117° E; 6 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; MNP17-1036-41A11, MNP17-1038-41A13 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Length 80 mm, diameter 4.8 mm. Total number of segments 153. First dorsal pore (?). Prostomium tanylobic. Setae visible from ii. Spermathecal pore on the intersegmental region of 7/8 at b, slit extends from a–c. Clitellum annular, covering ½ of xiii to xvi without thickening of the body wall. Female pore paired at a in a single elliptical patch, presetal on segment xiv. Male genital region oblong shape, avestibulate and apenile, male genital orifices on xvii at b, at the centre of papillae composed of posteriorly united two cotyledons, each papilla in a conspicuous protuberant u-shaped ridge, the limbs of the ‘u’ directed in the middle, terminating abruptly at line a. A midventral region (aa) appears to be flat continuous (contrary to the observation of Gates 1938). Genital markings on xvi elliptical transversely placed, postsetal, paired at b, while margins extend laterally towards a and the crest of the marking exist on b.</p><p>Septa thickened 6/7/8. Gizzard in viii. One pair of intramural calciferous glands in xii. Intestine begins in xv. Lateral intestinal caeca? Ventral intestinal caeca? Typhlosole? Supra-intestinal gland? Last pair of hearts in xiv. Metandric, testis sac annular in xi, seminal vesicles in xii extends up to xvii. Prostates in xvii extends up to xxi, duct long tubular with single elongated loop. Spermathecae bidiverticulate, tubular, lateral with 4–5 seminal chambers, attached to the junction of duct and ampulla, one on outer side of organ, another hidden slightly towards inner side, ampulla large bladder-like, ductless. Penial setae 6–7 per battery, 2.3–3.5 mm long, highly ornamented with broken circle of irregular-sized jagged teeth, freely hanging in cavity, distal ⅔ of length forming little bow-like curve with slightly curved pointed tip.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The specimen was identified based on the literature of Stephenson (1926), Gates (1938) and Julka (1988), with a large number of variations. The study enumerated features of a single clitellate specimen and a single aclitellate specimen. Specimens were delicate, therefore the lateral intestinal caeca, typhlosole, supra-intestinal gland, ventral caeca were not included in the study. Some observations differed from the original description. For example, the setae were visible from the second segment, there were 6–7 penial setae per battery, diverticula were lateral, penial setae had a slightly curved pointed tip, they were relatively shorter in length, the last pair of hearts were in xiv, and the penial setae were not projected out from male genital orifices.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FFB8D81DFDA907C5FE3FFD9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FFBAD81CFE0C0357FEACFC30.text	936A1433FFBAD81CFE0C0357FEACFC30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus manipurensis subsp. manipurensis Stephenson 1921	<div><p>Eutyphoeus manipurensis manipurensis Stephenson, 1921</p><p>Figs 13–14; Table 2</p><p>Material examined</p><p>INDIA – Manipur • 8 clitellates; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.7097&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.3728" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.7097/lat 24.3728)">Churachandpur</a>; 24.3728° N, 93.7097° E; 6 Oct. 2017; Shweta Yadav leg.; MNP17-993-39A10, MNP17-994-39A11, MNP17-995-39A12, MNP17-996-39A13, MNP17-997- 39A14, MNP17-999-39A17, MNP17-1001-39A19, MNP17-1003-39A21 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Length 110–135 mm, diameter 3.9–4.4 mm. Total number of segments 150–189. Body color greyish brown, little paler ventrally. Prostomium tanylobic. First dorsal pore starts from intersegmental furrow of 10/11 or 11/12. Clitellum annular extends from ⅔ xiii–xvii. Setal arrangement lumbricine, aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 1.72: 1: 1.82: 1.39: 10.15 on segment xii and aa: ab: bc: cd: dd = 2.96:1: 2.24: 1.23:11.91 on segment xxiv. Male genital region reddish in live specimen. Male genital orifices on prominent round papillae between ab on xvii, bounded with deep trench, outer margin of trench little swollen. Female pores paired, presetal, little inside a. Spermathecal pore in intersegmental furrow of 7/8, at ab, opens with transverse slit. Median region of segment viii slightly raised and glandular with several small papillae. In some specimens, paired small papillae in setal zone of viii, also post setal on viii, lateral to b. Single median on vii and viii, sometimes just beside spermathecal aperture on right side. On xvi, small paired papillae, postsetal, lateral to b with transverse row of four spherical papillae closely placed, postsetal. On xvii, paired small circular presetal papillae at a.</p><p>Single large gizzard between septa 5/6 and 8/9. Intestine originates from xv. Last pair of hearts in xiii. Lateral intestinal caeca in xvii, ventrally directed. Ventral intestinal caeca 20–24 in xxxi–lv. Supra-intestinal glands three pairs in lxxii–lxxvi. Holandric, testis sac in x and xi, seminal vesicles in ix and xii. Latter one extends up to xiv. Prostate tubular in xvii–xix. Spermathecae unidiverticulate, ampulla ovoid sac-like with small stalked hook-shaped diverticulum, spermathecal duct short and wide. Penial setae 4 per battery, 1–1.8 mm long, fine triangular teeth ornamentation with blunt tip and slightly bent anterior shaft.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FFBAD81CFE0C0357FEACFC30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
936A1433FFBBD818FF0B0528FE1CFE52.text	936A1433FFBBD818FF0B0528FE1CFE52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eutyphoeus Michaelsen 1900	<div><p>Updated key to the species of Indian Eutyphoeus Michaelsen, 1900 (revised after Julka 1988 and Tiwari et al. 2021)</p><p>1. Holandric; seminal vesicles in ix and xii .......................................................................................... 2</p><p>– Metandric; seminal vesicles in xii .................................................................................................. 16</p><p>2. Spermathecal pores at a or ab ........................................................................................................... 3</p><p>– Spermathecal pores at b or lateral to b .............................................................................................. 5</p><p>– Spermathecal pores at bc .................................................................................................................. 8</p><p>3. Spermathecae unidiverticulate ............................ E. manipurensis manipurensis Stephenson, 1921</p><p>– Spermathecae bidiverticulate ............................................................................................................ 4</p><p>– Spermathecae polydiverticulate ............................................. E. quadripapillatus Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>4. Spermathecal pore at a ............................ E. mizoramensis Julka, Ramanujam &amp; Lalthanzara, 2005</p><p>– Spermathecal pore at ab .................................................................................................................... 9</p><p>5. Vestibulate ......................................................................................................................................... 6</p><p>– Avestibulate ......................................................................... E. morehensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>6. Lateral intestinal caecae present ....................................................................................................... 7</p><p>– Lateral intestinal caecae absent ....................... E. tawi Tiwari, Lone, Thakur, James &amp; Yadav, 2021</p><p>7. Genital markings present ................................................................................................................ 13</p><p>– Genital markings absent .......................................................................... E. marmoreus Gates, 1933</p><p>8. Spermathecae bidiverticulate .......................................................... E. annandalei Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>– Spermathecae polydiverticulate ..................................................... E. incommodus (Beddard, 1901)</p><p>9. Clitellum annular ............................................................................................................................ 10</p><p>– Clitellum not annular .......................................................................................................................11</p><p>10. Genital marking gland absent, lateral intestinal caeca dorsally directed ............................................ ....................................................... E. phawngpuiensis Tiwari, Lone, Thakur, James &amp; Yadav, 2021</p><p>– Genital marking gland present, lateral intestinal caeca ventrally directed ......................................... ........................................................................................... E. lamdengensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>11. Penial setae present ........................................................................................................................ 12</p><p>– Penial setae absent ................................................................ E. shiroensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>12. Male pore under cuneate wedge-shaped papillae with fimbriated margin at b ................................... ........................................................................................... E. kashongensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>– Male pore on circular porophores centered at b ................. E. ukhrulensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>13. Genital marking gland around spermathecal duct in vii present .................................................... 14</p><p>– Genital marking gland around spermathecal duct in vii absent ...................................................... 15</p><p>14. Vestibula pentagonal shape, penial setae with blunt tip ...................................................................... ..................................................................................... E. yangoupokpensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>– Vestibula not-pentagonal shape, penial setae with pointed tip............................................................. ...................................................................................... E. tengnoupalensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>15. Preclitellar genital marking present ..................................... E. lokchaensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>– Preclitellar genital marking absent ..................................... E. baronongini Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov.</p><p>16. Avestibulate .................................................................................................................................... 17</p><p>– Vestibulate ....................................................................................................................................... 30</p><p>17. Spermathecae bidiverticulate .......................................................................................................... 18</p><p>– Spermathecae polydiverticulate ...................................................................................................... 28</p><p>18. Lateral intestinal caecae present ..................................................................................................... 19</p><p>– Lateral intestinal caecae absent ...................................................................................................... 24</p><p>19. Lateral intestinal caecae dorsally directed ...................................................................................... 20</p><p>– Lateral intestinal caecae ventrally directed ..................................................................................... 21</p><p>20. Genital marking glands present ........................................................................ E. lippus Gates, 1934</p><p>– Genital marking glands absent............. E. rihnimensis Rodingpuia, Lalthanzara, Julka, Chawngthu, Mathipi, Lalfelpuii, Kumar, Gurusubramaniun, Lalchhandama, Vanlalrovi &amp; Chhakchhuak, 2024</p><p>21. Female pore single, on left side ...................................................................................................... 22</p><p>– Female pore paired ......................................................................................................................... 23</p><p>22. Penial setae ornamented, with tapering tip ............................................... E. gigas Stephenson, 1917</p><p>– Penial setae without ornamentation, with spoon shaped tip ............................................................... .......................................................................... E. serei Tiwari, Lone, Thakur, James &amp; Yadav, 2021</p><p>23. Penial setae shaft slightly curved, tip thickened, pointed and claw-shaped ....................................... ............................................................................................................ E. turaensis Stephenson, 1920</p><p>– Penial setae serpentine, tip spoon-shaped with a small bulbous end .................................................. ................................................................................................ E. kwathensis Tiwari &amp; Yadav sp. nov</p><p>24. Spermathecal pores at ab ................................................................................................................ 25</p><p>– Spermathecal pores lateral to b ....................................................................................................... 26</p><p>25. Genital markings preclitellar, segmental ...................................... E. comillahnus Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>– Genital markings postclitellar, intersegmental .............................................. E. festivus Gates, 1938</p><p>26. Genital markings paired, segmental on xvi .................................................................................... 27</p><p>– Genital markings unpaired, intersegmental on xv/xvi ....................... E. scutarius Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>27. Sessile genital marking glands present ............................................................................................... ............................................................. E. dhubriensis Ahmed, Julka, Banerjee &amp; Marimuthu, 2023</p><p>– Sessile genital marking glands absent .......................................... E. assamensis Stephenson, 1926 *</p><p>28. Seminal vesicles in xii very long, extending posteriorly into xxxiii .................................................. ................................................................................................... E. pharpingianus Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>– Seminal vesicles in xii shorter, at the most extending into xx ........................................................ 29</p><p>29. Genital marking intraclitellar, on xvi ................................................ E. nainianus Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>– Genital marking intra and post-clitellar, on xiv–xv, xviii/xix–xxi/xxii ............................................... .......................................................................................................... E. nepalensis Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>30. Univestibulate ................................................................................................................................. 31</p><p>– Bivestibulate ................................................................................................................................... 32</p><p>31. Spermathecal pores at ab; penes conical .......................................................... E. kherai Julka, 1978</p><p>– Spermathecal pores at median half of bc; penes annular ...................... E. gammiei (Beddard, 1888)</p><p>32. Penes annular .................................................................................................................................. 33</p><p>– Penes elongate ................................................................................................................................ 35</p><p>33. Genital markings present on xv, usually also on xvi ........................... E. orientalis (Beddard, 1883)</p><p>– Genital markings present on xv–xvi absent .................................................................................... 34</p><p>34. Genital markings preclitellar on ix/x ................................................ E. aborianus Stephenson, 1914</p><p>– Genital markings pre- and post-clitellar on x/xi–xii/xiii, xviii/xix–xxi/xxii ....................................... ....................................................................................................................... E. callosus Gates, 1938</p><p>35. Spermathecal pores at ab ................................................................... E. nicholsoni (Beddard, 1901)</p><p>– Spermathecal pores at bc ................................................................................................................ 36</p><p>36. Spermathecae bidiverticulate; genital markings pre-, intra- and post-clitellar .................................... ............................................................................................................... E. waltoni Michaelsen, 1907</p><p>– Spermathecae polydiverticulate; genital markings post clitellar or absent ......................................... ................................................................................................................. E. kempi Stephenson, 1914</p><p>* This study confirms that Eutyphoeus assamensis is an avestibulate and apenile species showing features that were previously unrecorded or unclear in earlier taxonomic descriptions (Gates 1972; Julka 1988). While Julka (1988) provided a valuable categorization of the species based on the presence or absence of a vestibule, our examination of a mature, clitellate specimen of E. assamensis from our collection unequivocally confirms its avestibulate and apenile nature. This observation directly contrasts with potential ambiguities arising from Julka’s (1988) description, which may have been influenced by his reliance on aclitellate specimens where the full development of male genitalia, including the vestibule and penis, was incomplete. Consequently, our findings provide a crucial refinement of the existing taxonomic framework for the species, highlighting the importance of examining fully mature specimens for accurate species characterization, particularly concerning key reproductive structures like the vestibule and penis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936A1433FFBBD818FF0B0528FE1CFE52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tiwari, Nalini;Tiwari, Pooja;Shilpi, Kaushik;James, Samuel W.;Gupta, Neelima;Yadav, Shweta	Tiwari, Nalini, Tiwari, Pooja, Shilpi, Kaushik, James, Samuel W., Gupta, Neelima, Yadav, Shweta (2025): Describing ten new species of Eutyphoeus (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae) from Manipur, North-East India, together with one new record. European Journal of Taxonomy 1012: 128-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1012.3035, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3035/13617
