identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
936B547AFFF0FFD3A48DFEE45B95F8D9.text	936B547AFFF0FFD3A48DFEE45B95F8D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deferunda Distant 1912	<div><p>Deferunda Distant, 1912</p><p>(Figs 1–22)</p><p>Majella Kirkaldy, 1906:421 preoccupied by Majella Ortmann 1893</p><p>Deferunda Distant, 1912:186; Fennah, 1950: 104; Chen et al., 1989: 57; Wang et al., 2008: 775. Okatropis Matsumura, 1914:272, synonymised by Fennah 1950: 104.</p><p>Majellana Metcalf, 1948:63, nom. nov. for Majella Kirkaldy, synonymised by Fennah 1950: 104.</p><p>Type species. Deferunda stigmatica Distant, 1912: 186, by original designation.</p><p>Description. The distinctive characters used by Fennah (1950) and Chen, Yang and Wilson (1989) are modified as follows.</p><p>Head and thorax. Head with eyes (Figs 1, 13) distinctly narrower than pronotum (0.7:1). Vertex not declivous, produced before eyes two-thirds to a half length of vertex, disk strongly depressed, wider between basal angles than long in middle line (0.88–1.3:1), wider between basal angles than at apex (5:1), posterior margin subtruncate or slightly concave, anterior half of median carina obsolete, basal half prominent, lateral margins distinctly foliate, highly elevated, diverging posteriorly. Frons (Figs 2, 14) slightly convex in profile, longer in middle line than widest part (1.16–1.36:1), basal margin roundly convex or truncate one-fifth as wide as broadest part; median carina simple, with basal half obsolete, lateral margins strongly foliate basally, extending laterad beneath antennae, hence incurved into suture, disk of frons depressed at basal third, or apparently so on account of deeply foliate margins. Postclypeus shorter than frons in middle line about 0.50– 0.83:1, nearly straight in profile. Eyes concave beneath. Ocelli detached from eyes. Antennae subovate. Rostrum relatively short, reaching median trochanters, with apical and subapical segments equal in length. Pronotum shorter than vertex (0.52–0.64:1), almost as long behind eyes in middle line, disk slightly depressed between median and lateral carina, anterior margin angularly or rounded convex, lateral carinae diverging posteriorly, reaching hind margin, 1.6–2.0 times length of median line, each lateral lobe with four obsolete ridges. Mesonotum longer than vertex and pronotum combined (1.88–2.11:1). Forewing (Figs 3, 15) costal margin slightly convex, longer than wide (2.4–3.1:1), Sc+R forked in basal third of forewing, Cu1 forked level with union of claval veins, M forked level with node, Cu1 deeply convex distad of claval apex, almost reaching M, hence slightly detached; with a callus in costal cell, six apical areoles distad of stigma, apical part behind apex of clavus dropping and covering apex of abdomen. Spinal formula of hind leg 8–7(8)–6(5).</p><p>Male genitalia. Anal segment in dorsal view (Figs 5, 16) rounded with apical margin truncate or emarginated, anal style moderately long. Pygofer in profile (Figs 6, 17) distinctly shorter dorsally than ventrally, anterior margin concave, posterior margin convex caudad, pygofer in ventral view (Figs 7, 18) with a pair of medioventral processes. Aedeagus (Figs 11, 12, 21, 22) with phallobase dividing into four lobes at apex, ventral lobe usually cleft at apex medially. Phallic appendages slender, very long, tubular, tapering apically. Genital styles (Figs 8-10, 19, 20) narrow at base, and widening apically, each nearly triangular, outer margin usually with one or two teeth apically and subapically. Connective (Figs 8, 19) very long.</p><p>Host plant. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Oriental, Palaearctic and Australian regions (Fig. 23).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936B547AFFF0FFD3A48DFEE45B95F8D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chen, Xiang-Sheng;He, Ting-Ting	Chen, Xiang-Sheng, He, Ting-Ting (2010): Two new species of genus Deferunda Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae) from southwest China. Zootaxa 2335: 59-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193169
936B547AFFF3FFD0A48DFDEB5DE9F83D.text	936B547AFFF3FFD0A48DFDEB5DE9F83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deferunda	<div><p>Key to species of the genus Deferunda of the world</p><p>1 Frons centrally with a conversed V-shaped dark marking (Fig. 2) .......................................................................... 2</p><p>- Frons without any dark marking (Fig. 14) ............................................................................................................... 8</p><p>2(1) Hind tibiae without lateral spine (Distant 1912) ..................................................................... D. stigmatica Distant</p><p>- Hind tibiae with a lateral spine at middle near to base ............................................................................................. 3</p><p>3(2) Anterior margin of vertex truncate (Chen et al., 1989: Fig. 28: A); apical third of forewing without milky-white spots (Chen et al., 1989: Fig. 28: D) ................................................................... D. truncata Chen, Yang &amp; Wilson</p><p>- Anterior margin of vertex acute (Fig. 1); apical third of forewing with milky-white spots (Fig. 3)....................... 4</p><p>4(3) Vertex subequal to pronotum in middle line (Melichar 1914) ........................................... D. philippina (Melichar)</p><p>- Vertex distinctly longer than pronotum in middle line (Fig. 1) ............................................................................... 5</p><p>5(4) Lateral margins of frons without narrow dark stripes (Fig. 2)....................................................... D. diana sp. nov.</p><p>- Lateral margins of frons with several narrow dark stripes (Matsumura 1914: Fig. 5: b; Chou &amp; Wang 1985: Fig. 28: b; Chen et al. 1989: Fig. 27: B) ........................................................................................................................ 6</p><p>6(5) Vertex relatively short, as long in middle line as broad at base, median carina bordered with short longitudinal black stripes apically (Matsumura 1914) ............................................................................ D. lineola (Matsumura)</p><p>- Vertex relatively long, longer in median line than broad at base, median carina bordered with longitudinal dark stripes from apex to base (Matsumura 1914: Fig. 5: a; Chou &amp; Wang 1985: Fig. 28: a; Chen et al. 1989: Fig. 27: A) ............................................................................................................................................................................. 7</p><p>7(6) Forewing with Cu1a deeply convex distad of clavus, reaching M (Chen et al. 1989: Fig. 27: D) ............................ ....................................................................................................................................... D. rubrostigma Matsumura</p><p>- Forewing with Cu1a straight or slightly convex distad of clavus, not reaching M (Figs 3, 15; Chou &amp; Wang 1985: Fig. 28: a) .................................................................................................................... D. acuminata Chou &amp; Wang</p><p>8(1) Forewing with irregular yellowish brown transverse markings (Wang et al. 2008: Figs 10, 20, 21) ........................ ................................................................................................................................................ D. striata Wang &amp; Liu</p><p>- Forewing without above markings (Figs 3, 15; Wang et al. 2008: Figs 2, 18) ........................................................ 9</p><p>9(8) Lateral margins of frons with five narrow dark brown stripes (Wang et al. 2008: Fig. 1); forewing with costal margin red, apical region having three red triangular markings (Wang et al. 2008: Figs 2, 18) ..................................... ..................................................................................................................................... D. trimaculata Wang &amp; Peng</p><p>- Lateral margins of frons without above stripes (Fig. 14); forwing without above marking (Figs 3, 15) .............. 10</p><p>10(9) Apex of clavus sanguineous with a large bluish-black spot; base of first apical cell sanguineous (Kirkaldy 1906) ................................................................................................................................................. D. majella (Kirkaldy)</p><p>- Forewing not as above ............................................................................................................................................ 11</p><p>11(10) Body relatively small, body length including forewing 3 4.5mm, Ƥ 4.7mm; pygofer with mediaoventral processes diverging apically (Dlabola 1961: Fig. 32) .................................................................... D. incompta Dlabola</p><p>- Body relatively large, body length including forewing 3 5.10-5.35mm, Ƥ 5.50-5.70 mm; pygofer with mediaoventral processes parallel apically (Fig. 18) ...................................................................................................... 12</p><p>12(11) Vertex with median carina bordered with dark brown stripes at apex (Fig. 13); frons and basal half of clypeus yellowish white (Fig. 14); gena with a dark brown spot near beneath antenna; hind tibiae with a brown marking apically; genital style in lateral view with two processes on outer margin apically and subapically (Fig. 20)............... ....................................................................................................................................................... D. qiana sp. nov.</p><p>- Vertex with median carina bordered with longitudinal dark brown stripes from apex to base (Muir 1922); frons light brown, clypeus dark brown (Muir 1922); gena without dark brown spot; hind tibiae with two brown mark-</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936B547AFFF3FFD0A48DFDEB5DE9F83D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chen, Xiang-Sheng;He, Ting-Ting	Chen, Xiang-Sheng, He, Ting-Ting (2010): Two new species of genus Deferunda Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae) from southwest China. Zootaxa 2335: 59-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193169
936B547AFFF2FFD6A48DFEB459FFF82D.text	936B547AFFF2FFD6A48DFEB459FFF82D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deferunda diana	<div><p>Deferunda diana sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1–12)</p><p>Description. Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 4.40–4.60 mm (N=10), female 4.75–4.95 mm (N=12); forewing length: male 3.55–3.75 mm (N=10), female 3.80–4.00 mm (N=12).</p><p>Coloration. General color yellowish white to fuscous. Vertex (Fig. 1) yellowish white with two longitudinal stripes along middle line from base to apex, fuscous, lateral carinae brown. Frons (Fig. 2) with apex brown, basal half with an inverse V-shape marking, blackish brown. Clypeus brown. Rostrum brown except apex fuscous. Genae yellowish white, with three fuscous transverse stripes before eyes, one dorsad, areas beneath antenna with a brown marking. Eyes blackish brown, ocelli reddish brown. Antennae yellowish brown to brown. Pronotum (Fig. 1) yellowish brown, lateral areas with five fuscous spots, areas behind eyes blackish, areas between lateral carinae fuscous. Mesonotum (Fig. 1) yellowish brown, with irregular brown to fuscous markings. Forewing (Fig. 3) pale brown to brown, distributing irregular brown to fuscous markings, along veins, with narrow black stripes, many white spots scattered, most of them near veins, callus blackish brown, tinged with reddish orange margin. Hindwing (Fig. 4) pale brown, veins brown, with a brown marking at anal region. Thorax with ventral areas brown to fuscous. Legs yellowish brown to brown, with fuscous spots. Abdomen blackish brown, except lateral margin and posterior margin of each segment, brown. Genital segment yellowish brown to brown.</p><p>Head and thorax. Vertex narrower between basal angles than long in middle line (0.88:1), disk strongly depressed, apex slightly acute, anterior margin slightly truncate, posterior margin sinuate, angularly concave medially, median carina with basal half distinct, lateral carinae strongly keeled. Frons longer in middle line than widest part (1.16:1), widest near apical third, basal margin slightly roundly convex, apical margin concave medially, median disk distinctly depressed, median carina with basal half obsolete, lateral margins strongly foliate. Pronotum shorter than vertex (0.52:1). Mesonotum longer in middle line than vertex and pronotum combined (1.88:1). Forewing longer than widest part (2.51:1).</p><p>Male genitalia. Anal segment in dorsal view (Fig. 5) almost rounded, apical margin nearly truncate, anal style short, not extending out apical margin of anal segment. Pygofer in profile (Fig. 6) distinctly shorter dorsally than ventrally, anterior margin strongly concave, posterior margin declined, produced caudad in a short, rounded process at middle, pygofer in ventral view (Fig. 7), medioventral processes stout, relatively short, triangular, tapering apically, two processes connected basally, median cleft narrow and shallow. Aedeagus (Figs 11, 12) with phallobase not quite bilaterally symmetrical, tubular, dividing into four lobes at apex, in ventral view (Fig. 11), ventral lobe cleft at apex medially, with a strong spine-like process at middle line, directed basad, each side produced into six spines laterally, lateral lobes elongate, right side with a large tooth medially; in dorsal view (Fig. 12) dorsal lobe reduced, two processes arising from base, directed basad, which with outer margin having many small teeth. Phallic appendages (Figs 11, 12) just reaching to apex of phallobase, with apical portion slightly incurved, tapering apically. Genital styles (Figs 8-10) narrow at base, and widening apically, each nearly triangular, apical margin nearly truncate, outer margin with two teeth apically and subapically.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: 3, Tenchong (25°01´N, 98°30´E), Yunnan Province, China, 13 Aug. 2006, Q.- Z. Song and Z.-G. Zhang. Paratypes: 43, 3ƤƤ, same data as holotype; 13, 4ƤƤ, Xiaguan (25°42´N, 100°10´E), Dali, Yunnan Province, China, 4 Aug. 2006, Q.-Z. Song; 33, 5ƤƤ, Pianma (26°01´N, 98°37´E), Lushui, Yunnan Province, 1800m, 16 Aug. 2000, X.-S. Chen; 13, Xishan Park (25°04´N, 102°42´E), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 1950m, 31 Aug. 2006, P. Zhang. (IEGU)</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality, Yunna Province, China, and the word “dian” is the transliteration of the Chinese shortened form for Yunnan Province.</p><p>Host plant. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Southwestern China (Yunnan) (Fig. 23).</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to D. rubrostigma but differs from the latter in: each lateral margin of frons with only one transverse bar, apex of frons brown (in the latter, each lateral margin of frons with three transverse bars, apex of frons milk-white); two medioventral processes of pygofer connected basally, median cleft shallow (in the latter, two medioventral processes of pygofer distinctly separate basally, median cleft very deep); dorsal lobe of phallus with two processes basally, which bear many teeth along outer margin (absent in the latter).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936B547AFFF2FFD6A48DFEB459FFF82D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chen, Xiang-Sheng;He, Ting-Ting	Chen, Xiang-Sheng, He, Ting-Ting (2010): Two new species of genus Deferunda Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae) from southwest China. Zootaxa 2335: 59-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193169
936B547AFFF4FFD4A48DFF015D4AFEB0.text	936B547AFFF4FFD4A48DFF015D4AFEB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deferunda qiana	<div><p>Deferunda qiana sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 13–22)</p><p>Description. Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 5.10–5.35 mm (N=7), female 5.50– 5.70 mm (N=10); forewing length: male 3.30–3.45 mm (N=7), female 3.60–3.75 mm (N=7).</p><p>Coloration. General color yellowish white to brown. Vertex (Fig. 13) yellowish white with two longitudinal stripes along middle line from apical 2/3 to apex, fuscous, lateral carinae brown. Frons (Fig. 14) yellowish white, lateral margins with three fuscous spots. Clypeus with apical half brown to fuscous. Rostrum yellowish white except apex fuscous. Genae yellowish white, with three transverse fuscous stripes before eyes, one dorsad, area beneath antenna with a fuscous marking. Eyes reddish brown, ocelli yellowish brown, tinged with reddish orange margin. Antennae yellowish brown, with apex brown dorsally. Pronotum (Fig. 13) yellowish brown, lateral areas with five spots, brown. Mesonotum (Fig. 13) yellowish brown, with irregular brown markings. Forewing (Fig. 15) yellowish brown, distributing irregular brown to fuscous markings, along veins, with narrow brown stripes, many white spots scattered, most of them near veins, callus dark brown, infused with reddish orange markings. Hindwing pale brown, veins brown, with a brown marking at anal region. Thorax with ventral areas anterior to middle legs fuscous, region posterior to middle legs yellowish brown. Legs yellowish white to yellowish brown, apex of tibiae with brown spots. Abdomen fuscous, except lateral margin and posterior margin of each segment, yellowish white to yellowish brown. Genital segment yellowish brown to brown.</p><p>Head and thorax. Vertex wider between basal angles than long in middle line (1.18:1), disk strongly depressed, anterior margin acute, posterior margin sinuate, angularly concave medially, median carina with basal half distinct, lateral carinae strongly keeled. Frons longer in middle line than widest part about 1.36:1, widest at apical 1/4, basal margin slightly rounded, apical margin concave medially, disk depressed, median carina distinct, lateral margins foliate. Pronotum shorter than vertex (0.64:1). Mesonotum longer in middle line than vertex and pronotum combined (2.11:1). Forewing longer than widest part about 2.71:1.</p><p>Male genitalia. Anal segment in dorsal view (Fig. 16) rounded with apical margin emarginate medially, anal style relatively long, extending out apical margin of anal segment. Pygofer in profile (Fig. 17) distinctly shorter dorsally than ventrally, anterior margin broadly concave, posterior margin roundly convex caudad at middle, pygofer in ventral view (Fig. 18), medioventral processes stout, relatively long, subtriangular, apex slightly rounded, two processes separate basally, median cleft broad and deep. Aedeagus (Figs 21, 22) with phallobase bilaterally symmetrical, tubular, dividing into four lobes at apex, in ventral view (Fig. 21), ventral lobe slightly cleft at apex medially, each with four or five spines at ventral side subapically, two large forked processes arising from near middle of lateral margin, inner branch having three teeth at apex, outer branch with apex acute, curving ventrad apically, lateral lobes elongate, dorsal lobe reduced. Phallic appendages (Fig. 21) reaching to middle of phallobase, slightly widening apically, each apex with a stout spine-like process, curving laterally. Genital styles (Figs 19, 20) narrow at base, and widening apically, each nearly triangular, apical margin slightly emarginated, outer margin with a stout, finger-like tooth subapically.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: 3, Yantang (26°08´N, 106°39´E), Huishui, Guizhou Province, China, shrubbery or grasses, 31 May 2008, X.-S. Chen. Paratypes: 33, 5ƤƤ, same data as holotype; 13, 1Ƥ, Ceheng (25°00´N, 105°48´E), Guizhou province, 8 July 1977, Z.-Z. Li; 13, Luodian (25°25´N, 106°44´E), Guizhou Province, 16 Sep. 1994, X.-S. Chen; 3ƤƤ, Ceheng, Guizhou Province, 1 July 2006, Z.-G. Zhang; 1Ƥ, Bazong, Luodian, Guizhou Province, 1 June 2008, X.-S. Chen; 13, Lijiang (26°52´N, 100°14´E), Yunnan Province, 11 Aug. 2000, X.-S. Chen. (IEGU)</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality, Guizhou Province, China, and the word “qian” is the transliteration of the Chinese shortened form for Guizhou Province.</p><p>Host plants. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Southwestern China (Guizhou and Yunnan) (Fig. 23).</p><p>Remarks. This species is closely related to D. albomaculata (Muir, 1922) (India: Assam), but can be distinguished by the vertex with median carina bordered with dark brown stripes at apex (the longitudinal dark brown stripes from apex to base in albomaculata); frons and basal half of clypeus yellowish white (frons light brown, clypeus dark brown in albomaculata); gena with a dark brown spot near beneath antenna (absent in albomaculata); hind tibiae with a brown marking apically (two in albomaculata); genital style in lateral view with two processes on outer margin apically and subapically (only one in albomaculata).</p><p>This species is also similar to D. acuminata (China: Hainan), but differs from the latter in: frons yellowish white, without inverse V-shape marking (in the latter, frons yellowish brown, basal half with an inverse Vshape marking); ventral lobe of phallus with two large forked processes laterally (absent in the latter).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/936B547AFFF4FFD4A48DFF015D4AFEB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chen, Xiang-Sheng;He, Ting-Ting	Chen, Xiang-Sheng, He, Ting-Ting (2010): Two new species of genus Deferunda Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae) from southwest China. Zootaxa 2335: 59-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193169
