identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
954587E7B72FD017FF736545FC3AFF60.text	954587E7B72FD017FF736545FC3AFF60.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica leopardellus (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica leopardellus</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Rediscovery</p><p>This species was originally described from a single male collected in 1895 at Kahōluamanu, Kauaʻi by R.C.L. Perkins. J.A. Kusche collected a male and female at the same locality in 1920, which KAA identified in BPBM. No other known specimens have been collected since. Here we report it from six specimens collected on the Nuʻalolo Trail in Kōkeʻe State Park. Larvae are suspected to feed on Myrsine lanaiensis (Primulaceae), based on the abundance of typical Pararrhaptica -like feeding damage on leaves of M. lanaiensis in the immediate vicinity of the collecting locality of the most recent specimens.</p><p>Material examined. Kauaʻi: 1♂, 2♀♀, Kōkeʻe State Park, Nuʻalolo Trail; 22.1310, –159.6607; 1160 m; 22–23 iii 2022; K. A. Austin; LED bucket trap / DNA extractions KA0493, KA0494, KA0497 / KAA diss. #0738(♀), #0739(♀), #0742(♂) (UHIM) . 3♂♂, same as previous except</p><p>22.1312, -159.6606; 1165m / DNA extractions KA0496, KA0498, KA0499 / KAA diss. #0741, #0743, #0744 (UHIM).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72FD017FF736545FC3AFF60	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72FD017FDB36762FC4CFAEF.text	954587E7B72FD017FDB36762FC4CFAEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista oheoheana (Swezey 1933) Rediscovery	<div><p>Spheterista oheoheana (Swezey) Rediscovery</p><p>This species was previously known only from the type series of five specimens (four males, one female) reared “from larvae and pupae found in dead twigs” of Polyscias kavaiensis (Araliaceae) at Halemanu, Kauaʻi in 1932 (Swezey 1933). All specimens of the type series are in poor condition, with wings heavily rubbed and not spread. We report a single female from the Nuʻalolo Trail. A few Polyscias kavaiensis were observed nearby, although no dead twigs were noticed.</p><p>Spheterista oheoheana is one of three species of Hawaiian Tortricidae to have been included in a USFWS Candidate Notice of Review (USFWS 1984), meaning it has been considered for possible protection under the Endangered Species Act. It was listed as a category 2 candidate species, meaning that “conclusive data on biological vulnerability and threat are not currently available” to support inclusion. The other two species included in the review, also category 2, S. pterotropiana and S. reynoldsiana, have been collected in recent years (although S. reynoldsiana maybeextinctonOʻahu).Allthreespecies were removed from consideration in 1996 when the USFWS discontinued the use of category 2 (USWFS 1996).</p><p>Material examined. Kauaʻi: 1♀, Kōkeʻe State Park, Nuʻalolo Trail; 22.1310, -159.6607; 1160m; 22-23 iii 2022; K. A. Austin; LED bucket trap / DNA extraction KA0556 / KAA diss. #0787 (UHIM).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72FD017FDB36762FC4CFAEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72FD016FDB363E5FE72FC39.text	954587E7B72FD016FDB363E5FE72FC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista tetraplasandra (Swezey 1920) Rediscovery	<div><p>Spheterista tetraplasandra (Swezey) Rediscovery</p><p>This species was originally described from two males reared from fruits of “ Tetraplasandra ” [= Polyscias] ( Araliaceae)</p><p>in 1918 from Kaumuahona 1 and Wailupe, Oʻahu (Swezey 1920). A few additional specimens were collected in the following years, most recently a small series reared from “ Tetraplasandra ” [= Polyscias] at Puʻu Kaua, Oʻahu in 1932. One specimen is known from Kauaʻi, but this may represent a closely related undescribed species. We report three specimens from two separate locations in the central Koʻolau Mountains of Oʻahu.</p><p>Material examined: Oʻahu: 1♂, Honolulu Watershed For[est] Res[erve], nr. summit of Moanalua Ridge Trail along K[oʻolau] S[ummit] T[rail]; 21.3945, -157.8243; 830m; larva coll[ected] 22 viii, pupa[ted] 24 viii, adult ecl[osed] 1 ix 2021; K. A. Austin, K. Faccenda / HOST: Polyscias (Tetraplasandra) oahuensis (Araliaceae), leaflet-tier / DNA extraction KA0297 / KAA diss. #0595 (UHIM). 2♂♂, ʻEwa For[est] Res[erve], Manana Ridge, inside fenced area; 21.4502, -157.8887; 575m; 24-25 xi 2021; K. A. Austin, K. Faccenda; LED bucket trap / DNA extractions KA0387, KA0388 / KAA diss. #0650, #0651 (UHIM).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72FD016FDB363E5FE72FC39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72ED016FF736235FDAEF999.text	954587E7B72ED016FF736235FDAEF999.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cydia chlorostola (Meyrick 1932)	<div><p>Cydia chlorostola (Meyrick)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known only from the female holotype, supposedly collected in 1909 by R.C.L. Perkins from Waialua, Oʻahu (but see comments below). Meyrick (1932) suggested that it was introduced along with a hypothesized leguminous host, possibly from Asia. Zimmerman (1978) disagreed and considered it endemic. Oboyski (2011) agreed with Zimmerman and compared it to several Canavalia -feeding Hawaiian Cydia . It appears very similar to C. parapteryx (Meyrick), also only known from Oʻahu.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72ED016FF736235FDAEF999	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72ED016FDB366F8FCFDFD28.text	954587E7B72ED016FDB366F8FCFDFD28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cydia crassicornis (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Cydia crassicornis (Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known only from two males collected by R.C.L. Perkins in 1892 at 4000 ft near Kona, Hawaiʻi island (Walsingham 1907). Although possibly a color form of the koa-feeding C. walsinghamii (Butler), Oboyski (2011) considered it distinct based on subtle differences in the male genitalia. Perkins’ field notes for September 1892 indicates that he “collected … by sifting dead leaves at the foot of a big koa tree” (Evenhuis 2007). The forewings are very similar to C. conspicua (Walsingham), but the absence of a “sex pouch” (Zimmerman 1978) on the ventral surface of the male hindwing readily separates it from that species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72ED016FDB366F8FCFDFD28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72ED016FDB364BAFD78FC5B.text	954587E7B72ED016FDB364BAFD78FC5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cydia gypsograpta (Meyrick 1932)	<div><p>Cydia gypsograpta (Meyrick)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known only from the male holotype supposedly collected by R.C.L. Perkins near Honolulu, Oʻahu in 1908 (Meyrick 1932; but see comments below). Oboyski (2011) found it difficult to distinguish from Canavalia -feeding Hawaiian Cydia .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72ED016FDB364BAFD78FC5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72ED016FDB3626AFC40FA65.text	954587E7B72ED016FDB3626AFC40FA65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cydia obliqua (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Cydia obliqua (Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known from three female specimens collected at Hualālai (5000 ft) and Kona (4000 ft) on Hawaiʻi island by R.C.L. Perkins in 1892. Oboyski (2011) considered it possibly just an extreme color form of the widespread and polymorphic C. plicatum (Walsingham), but refrained from synonymizing it because of significant differences in the female genitalia. The collection date given for the two female types from Hualālai (5 viii 1892) corresponds to a journal entry in which Perkins wrote, “there were two Tortricids on Koa” (Evenhuis 2007).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72ED016FDB3626AFC40FA65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B729D011FF7366F9FE3FFCC0.text	954587E7B729D011FF7366F9FE3FFCC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eccoptocera osteomelesana (Swezey 1946)	<div><p>Eccoptocera osteomelesana (Swezey)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is the most recent native Hawaiian tortricid to be described (Swezey 1946). It has been reared from leaves of Osteomeles anthyllidifolia (Rosaceae) and is known from small series of specimens collected in Mānoa and Wailupe Valley on Oʻahu and was most recently collected on the campus of UH Mānoa in 1969. However, it may have been introduced, as it more closely resembles some Pacific and Australian Eccoptocera than native Hawaiian ones. It is also notable that no other entomologist collected this species prior to F.X. Williams in 1929, despite it having been reared and collected in such heavily urbanized places. No specimens have been collected by us despite extensive searching near large patches of Osteomeles in the southern KoʻolauMountainsandextensivetrapping in areas it might be expected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B729D011FF7366F9FE3FFCC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B729D011FF736502FF4EFAEF.text	954587E7B729D011FF736502FF4EFAEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nuritamburia phyllanthana (Swezey)	<div><p>Nuritamburia phyllanthana (Swezey)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known from the type series of seven specimens reared from Phyllanthus distichus (Phyllanthaceae) from Malamalama Ridge, Oʻahu in 1916 and 1925 (Swezey 1940). No other specimens are known, and targeted collecting near P. distichus on Oʻahu did not result in any specimens. The hostplant has not been encountered frequently by us, although Wagner et al. (1999) considered it “locally common in mesic forest, often on steep slopes or ridge tops, sometimes in dry shrubland” on Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, West Maui, and rarely on East Maui.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B729D011FF736502FF4EFAEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B729D011FF7363E5FCDEFDD4.text	954587E7B729D011FF7363E5FCDEFDD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraphasis perkinsi (Walsingham)	<div><p>Paraphasis perkinsi (Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This enigmatic genus and species is known only from the male collected in 1894 from 3000–4000 ft elevation on</p><p>Kauaʻi by R.C.L. Perkins. This area has been consistently surveyed by us and other entomologists over the past century. Walsingham (1907) originally described Paraphasis in Tineidae, but Zimmerman (1978) treated it as a tortricid. The illustration of the head in Zimmerman (1978) appears to show a basally scaled proboscis, a character only very rarely seen in Tortricidae (Diakonoff 1977) . In addition, the wing venation and genitalia would be highly unusual for a tortricid. In the absence of a more compelling family placement, we consider it a tortricid for the purposes of this paper.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B729D011FF7363E5FCDEFDD4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B729D011FDB3641FFC69FA88.text	954587E7B729D011FDB3641FFC69FA88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica capucina (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica capucina (Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species was described from two females: the holotype collected in 1893 at 4000 ft on Molokaʻi and a questionably associated paratype collected in 1892 at 3000 ft near Kona, Hawaiʻi island (Walsingham 1907). The two specimens are likely not conspecific, as most Pararrhaptica appear to be single island endemics. Several other high islands host similar-looking Pararrhaptica, including P. chlorippa (Meyrick) on Oʻahu (see below).However,in recent years on Molokaʻi we have collected a species very similar to the type of P. capucina in genitalia but externally more closely resembling P. longiplicatus (Walsingham), described from Maui, suggesting that perhaps only one species is involved and that the holotype of P. capucina is just an unusual color form of a more widespread Maui Nui species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B729D011FDB3641FFC69FA88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B729D010FDB3635AFDB0FED9.text	954587E7B729D010FDB3635AFDB0FED9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica chlorippa (Meyrick 1928)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica chlorippa (Meyrick)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species was described from a single male specimen reared from Myrsine lessertiana (Primulaceae) by Swezey in 1911 from Mt. Olympus, Oʻahu. Perkins collected a small series of what appear to be this species in 1901 and 1908 from</p><p>various locations in the Koʻolau Mountains. The associated females appear very similar to the holotype of P. capucina (Walsingham), known from Molokaʻi. It appears likely that these two species were closely-related. A similar, undescribed speciesoccursonKauaʻiandisstillextant.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B729D010FDB3635AFDB0FED9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B728D010FF7367ECFEA0FD4A.text	954587E7B728D010FF7367ECFEA0FD4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica dermatopa (Meyrick 1928)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica dermatopa (Meyrick)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species was described from two males and a female reared from three different dates from Myrsine lessertiana (Primulaceae) by Swezey in 1911 on Mt. Olympus and Tantalus, Oʻahu. Meyrick (1932) wrote that a second, larger female from Mt. Olympus “may be the same species,” but we have not been able to locate this specimen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B728D010FF7367ECFEA0FD4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B728D010FF736498FEC6F987.text	954587E7B728D010FF736498FEC6F987.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica lysimachiae (Swezey 1933)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica lysimachiae (Swezey)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known only from the male holotype, supposedly reared from leaves of Lysimachia hillebrandi var. venosa [= L. venosa] ( Primulaceae) by Swezey in 1932 on the “Kalalau Trail” at an elevation of 3800 ft. The collecting site may refer to the trail leading down from the Kalalau Lookout at Kōkeʻe State Park.</p><p>Zimmerman (1978) listed Lysimachia glutinosa as an additional host, but we are not sure of his justification, as we are only aware of the holotype for this species. Perhaps Zimmerman (1978) believed Swezey’s initial plant identification was incorrect; Lysimachia venosa is an exceedingly rare species, known only from three specimens from the summit of Waiʻaleʻale (Marr and Bohm 1997) until its rediscovery in 2012 (Wood 2013). On the other hand, Lysmiachia glutinosa occurs somewhat commonly along the upper portion of the trail leading down from the Kalalau Lookout at Kōkeʻe State Park (KAA pers. obs.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B728D010FF736498FEC6F987	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B728D010FDB366F8FC9CFE5F.text	954587E7B728D010FDB366F8FC9CFE5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica lysimachiana (Swezey 1946)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica lysimachiana (Swezey)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known only from the female holotype, reared from leaves of Lysimachia rotundifolia [= L. hillebrandii] ( Primulaceae) by Swezey at Puʻu Hāpapa on Oʻahu in 1927. Collecting by KAA at the type locality did not result in any specimens, despite the host plant’s presence in the immediate vicinity, and many island-wide surveys.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B728D010FDB366F8FC9CFE5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B728D010FDB36795FC96FC27.text	954587E7B728D010FDB36795FC96FC27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica punctiferanus (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica punctiferanus</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species was described from two specimens: the holotype male collected by Perkins in 1894 at 5000 ft on Haleakalā, Maui and a questionably associated female paratype, collected in the same year at 4000 ft elevation on Molokaʻi. The female paratype likely represents an undescribed species, as most Pararrhaptica appear to be single island endemics. Like most other Pararrhaptica, it likely fed on Myrsine spp. (Primulaceae) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B728D010FDB36795FC96FC27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B728D010FDB365ADFC72FAEF.text	954587E7B728D010FDB365ADFC72FAEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica subsenescens (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Pararrhaptica subsenescens</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known from a single female collected by Perkins in 1893 on Molokaʻi (Walsingham 1907). No further locality data are given on the label, but the date (5 viii 1893) corresponds to a journal entry by Perkins from “near Waikolu” (Evenhuis 2007). We have collected in this general area and along the Hanalilolilo Trail but have not found this species. Like other Pararrhaptica, it likely fed on leaves and shoots of Myrsine spp. (Primulaceae) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B728D010FDB365ADFC72FAEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B728D013FDB363E5FED7FE1B.text	954587E7B728D013FDB363E5FED7FE1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pararrhaptica Walsingham 1907	<div><p>“ Pararrhaptica ” trochilidanus</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known from three specimens: the holotype female and two</p><p>paratype males collected by Perkins at elevations of 3000–4000 ft on Molokaʻi. It appears closely related to “ P.” fuscoviridis (Walsingham) from Lānaʻi and “ P.” lichenoides (Walsingham) from Hawaiʻi island and likely fed on Psychotria spp. (Rubiaceae) or Nestegis sandwicensis (Oleaceae) like other members of this undescribed genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B728D013FDB363E5FED7FE1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72BD013FF7367A8FDB2FCA1.text	954587E7B72BD013FF7367A8FDB2FCA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista argentinotata (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Spheterista argentinotata</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known from two females collected by Perkins in Olaʻa and Hilo, Hawaiʻi island in 1895 and 1896, respectively (Walsingham 1907). In the absence of known males, it is difficult to ascertain for certain whether it belongs to Spheterista or another genus. If Spheterista, it likely fed on leaves or fruit of Cheirodendron or Polyscias (Araliaceae) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72BD013FF7367A8FDB2FCA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72BD013FF736524FDB2FA88.text	954587E7B72BD013FF736524FDB2FA88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista Meyrick 1912	<div><p>“ Spheterista ” cassia (Swezey)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species may have been introduced. It does not belong in Spheterista and more closely resembles some Australian tortricids, such as Merophyas Common, than any native Hawaiian species. It has been reared from leaves of Senna gaudachaudii (Fabaceae), an indigenous species that also occurs in Australia and other islands in the Pacific. There are large series of this species in HDOA and BPBM, suggesting it was once common on several islands. It has not been collected since 1920; we have not encountered its host plant in the wild.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72BD013FF736524FDB2FA88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72BD013FF73635AFC6EFE71.text	954587E7B72BD013FF73635AFC6EFE71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista Meyrick 1912	<div><p>“ Spheterista ” flavocincta</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species was described from a single female collected by Perkins in 1892 near Kona, Hawaiʻi island at an elevation of 4000 ft. Walsingham (1907) described the male of this species as</p><p>Capua trigonifer, later synonymized by Zimmerman (1978). Records of this species on islands other than Hawaiʻi island are likely erroneous. Capua santalata Swezey, described from Oʻahu and currently considered a junior synonym of “ S.” flavocincta, is still extant and probably deserves its species status restored. True “ S.” flavocincta appears to be endemic to Hawaiʻi island and has not been collected since 1911. It probably fed on Santalum spp. (Santalaceae) like its close relatives.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72BD013FF73635AFC6EFE71	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72BD013FDB36474FC0FFC7A.text	954587E7B72BD013FDB36474FC0FFC7A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista pernitida (Walsingham 1907)	<div><p>Spheterista pernitida (Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is known from a single female collected at Olaʻa on Hawaiʻi island in 1896 by Perkins (Walsingham 1907). However, in the absence of males, it is difficult to determine whether it belongs to Spheterista or another genus. If Spheterista, it likely fed on leaves or fruit of Cheirodendron or Polyscias (Araliaceae) . The male mentioned by Walsingham (1907) as being “closely allied to pernitida ” is almost certainly not conspecific. The male genitalia closely resemble those of the Urticaceae-feeding “ Spheterista ” (“ S.” infaustana, “ S.” urerana).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72BD013FDB36474FC0FFC7A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72BD012FDB36248FEBAFEE6.text	954587E7B72BD012FDB36248FEBAFEE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista Meyrick 1912	<div><p>“ Spheterista ” urerana (Swezey)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species was described from a series of four specimens reared from twigs of “ Urera sandwicensis ” [= U. glabra] ( Urticaceae) by Swezey in 1914 on Tantalus, Oʻahu (Swezey 1915). Zimmerman (1978) designated a lectotype and paralectotype and removed the latter from the cork mount. It does not appear he was able to locate the other two specimens in the series. We were unable to locate the paralectotype, though it is supposedly deposited in the BPBM. Females are unknown.</p><p>This species may be a synonym of “ S. ” infaustana (Walsingham), described from</p><p>Kauaʻi. Alternatively, the type series could be an unusual color form of a widespread extant species on Oʻahu closely related to “ S.” infaustana but provisionally considered undescribed by KAA. It is still common on parts of Tantalus where Pipturus and Urera grow.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72BD012FDB36248FEBAFEE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
954587E7B72AD012FF7367ECFE7DFC27.text	954587E7B72AD012FF7367ECFE7DFC27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spheterista Meyrick 1912	<div><p>“ Spheterista ” xanthogona</p><p>(Walsingham)</p><p>Presumed extinct</p><p>This species is only known from two females, collected by Perkins in 1892 near Kona, Hawaiʻi island at 4000 ft elevation (Walsingham 1907). It appears to belong to the same Santalum -feeding group of “ Spheterista ” as “ S.” flavocincta (Walsingham), from Hawaiʻi island, and “ S.” flavopicta (Walsingham), from Kauaʻi. Journal entries by Perkins around the collection dates of these two moths mention the abundance of Santalum (Santalaceae) in the area as well as Acacia koa (Fabaceae) and Myoporum sandwicense (Scrophulariaceae) (Evenhuis 2007), although the exact location is unclear.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954587E7B72AD012FF7367ECFE7DFC27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Austin, Kyhl A.;Rubinoff, Daniel	Austin, Kyhl A., Rubinoff, Daniel (2023): Rediscoveries and Presumed Extinctions of Hawaiian Leaf-roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 55: 11-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8159762
