taxonID	type	description	language	source
9A43434AFF8FFF83FF7C1732FC51FA30.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The controversy whether Apomatus Philippi, 1844 and Protula Risso, 1826 should be regarded as separate genera (ten Hove & Pantus 1985) or synonymized under Protula (Kupriyanova & Jirkov 1997) has not been resolved yet (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009). The genera are separated mainly by the presence (Apomatus) or absence (Protula) of a soft vesicular operculum on an unmodified radiole, although ten Hove & Pantus (1985) examined operculate and non-operculate forms in the Mediterranean and listed further differences in thoracic blood-vessel patterns, distribution of Apomatus - chaetae, and rows of compound eyes in branchial radioles as differentiating Protula and Apomatus. However, with the exception of the Apomatus chaetae distribution, the characters suggested by ten Hove & Pantus (1985) can be observed only in fresh material and the results are still confusing as significant variability exists. Ben-Eliahu & Fiege (1996: 27) further elucidated the differences between Apomatus and Protula in a key, but none of the studies includes all species of the genera, so a proper revision is much-needed. The new species here clearly belongs to the Apomatus - Protula complex and has been referred to the genus Apomatus because of the distinct soft globular opercula typical for this genus. The generic diagnosis given by ten Hove & Kupriyanova (2009) has been emended here to take into account the features of the new species.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8FFF86FF7C1025FB46F9C5.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. Type series, FMNH 6185 (1 paratype, complete but broken in 3 pieces with tube fragments), FMNH 6199 (1 complete holotype), FMNH 6217 (? 2 paratypes, one lacking abdomen with intact branchia and collapsed operculum, another represented by branchia with operculum in tube, as well as a thorax and posterior part of an abdomen), FMNH 6583 (1 broken paratype with tube fragments). For detailed collection data see Table 1.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8FFF86FF7C1025FB46F9C5.taxon	description	Description. TUBE: up to 3.5 mm wide with lumen of up to 3.3 mm diameter. White opaque, circular in cross section, with smooth surface, circular in internal cross-section, with slight circular collar-like rings, but without flaring peristomes. Median keels absent (Fig. 1 B). BRANCHIAE: all flat ribbon-like, wide (Fig. 1 A); each lobe with up to 17 pairs of branchial radioles (Table 2), arranged in semicircles, fused basally (connected by short interradiolar membrane) for about 1 / 20 of their length. Pinnules short and thin; each radiole ends into thin short filamentous tip (Fig. 1 A, not well visible here). Branchial eyes not observed in the preserved material. Stylodes absent. FIGURE 2. SEM micrographs of chaetae in Apomatus voightae n. sp. (FMNH 6583). A — collar chaetae, entire bundle, arrows pointing to Apomatus chaetae, B — close-up of the Apomatus chaetae (lower arrow) from A, C — chaetae of the 4 th thoracic segment, D — chaetae of the 5 th abdominal segment, E — uncini of the 6 th thoracic segment, F — close-up of the peg, uncini of the 5 th thoracic segment, G — uncini of the 10 th abdominal segment. Scale. A — 100 µm, B – D — 10 µm, F — 2 µm, G — 5 µm. PEDUNCLE: pinnulate, flat in cross section, not different from other branchial radioles. Pair of lateral wings proximal to opercular bulb absent. Showing clear constriction just below operculum. Pseudoperculum absent. OPERCULUM: globular soft transparent vesicle without any trace of endplate (Fig. 1 A). Diameter of the operculum 1.6 – 3 mm (Table 2). COLLAR AND THORACIC MEMBRANES: collar unlobed, with entire edge, short, barely covering branchial lobes (Fig. 1 C, D); continuous with wide thoracic membranes forming an apron across anterior abdominal chaetigers 1 or 2 (Fig. 1 C, D). Pairs of small, wart-like protuberances of collar chaetiger absent, calcium-secreting glands visible on the collar. THORAX: with collar chaetiger, and 6 uncinigerous chaetigers (Fig. 1 C, D). Collar chaetae (Fig. 2 A, B) of two types: simple capillary (limbate) and flat Apomatus chaetae (Fig. 2 B). Subsequent chaetal bundle with Apomatus - chaetae and simple capillary (limbate) chaetae (Fig. 2 C). Uncini rasp-to-saw shaped (Fig. 2 E) with approximately 30 teeth in profile, up to 6 teeth in a row above and continuing onto peg; anterior peg long, blunt, almost rectangular (Fig. 2 F). Pair of prostomial eyes absent. ABDOMEN: up to 60 abdominal chaetigers (Table 2). Uncini rasp-shaped with 3 – 6 rows of teeth and> 30 teeth in profile view, long blunt almost rectangular peg (Fig. 2 G). Chaetae flat sickle-shaped with finely denticulate blades (Fig. 2 D). Long capillary chaetae present in posterior chaetigers. Pygidium bilobed. Posterior glandular pad very distinct. SIZE: body length (without branchia) up to 21 mm, width of thorax up to 3 mm (Table 2). Branchiae and operculum accounting for one third of entire length. COLOUR: no records.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8FFF86FF7C1025FB46F9C5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The new species very clearly differs from all other species of both Apomatus and Protula as well as from all other so far described serpulid species by its very characteristic flat ribbon-like brachial radioles. Although species of the genus Metavermilia Bush, 1905 sensu Zibrowius, 1971 possess flattened ribbon-like opercular peduncle (see Nishi et al. 2007 for a review), their branchial radioles are of normal shape, not different from branchia of other serpulids. Thoracic uncini of the new species have up to 6 teeth, whereas exceptionally up to 4 teeth in a row above and continuing onto peg were previously reported for species of Apomatus. Finally, another very unusual feature of A. voightae is the presence of Apomatus chaetae in the collar chaetae bundle. Normally in this genus Apomatus - type chaetae are absent among collar chaetae, but are present in abundance starting from the 3 rd chaetiger (ten Hove & Pantus 1985). In fact, this appears to be the first serpulid ever recorded with Apomatus chaetae in the collar bundle, so special attention was paid to the position of these chaetae.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8FFF86FF7C1025FB46F9C5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Dr. Janet Voight (Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA) who carefully collected and kindly provided the serpulid material for this study.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8AFF87FF7C1090FF21FD75.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (from ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009). Tube white, opaque, circular in cross-section, longitudinal keel may be present. Collar-like rings present. Granular overlay absent. Operculum sub-globular, with simple flat to slightly conical chitinous endplate, which may be encrusted by calcareous deposit. Peduncle cylindrical, smooth or wrinkled, without distal wings; inserted as second dorsal radiole on one side, constriction present. Pseudoperculum absent. Arrangement of radioles in semi-circles, up to 35 per lobe. Inter-radiolar membrane absent. Branchial eyes not observed. Stylodes absent. Mouth palps may be present. Seven thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed (may be non-lobed) with entire edge, tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes variable, ending at 2 nd — 7 th thoracic segment. Collar chaetae limbate. Apomatus chaetae present. Thoracic uncini saw-shaped, with 6 to 10 teeth. Anterior fang simple, pointed. Abdominal chaetae flat, narrow geniculate with blunt teeth; abdominal uncini saw-shaped, except in a few far posterior segments, with rasp-shaped uncini. Short achaetous anterior abdominal zone present. Posterior capillary chaetae present. Posterior glandular pad present.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8AFF87FF7C1090FF21FD75.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The genus currently contains 5 species from bathyal and abyssal depths (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009), including three species (B. challengeri Zibrowius, 1973, B. kupriyanovae Bastida- Zavala, 2008, and B. zibrowiusi Kupriyanova, 1993) known from the North Pacific Ocean. Zibrowius (1973) summarized morphological differences for Bathyvermilia Zibrowius, 1973, Metavermilia Bush, 1905 sensu Zibrowius, 1971, Pseudovermilia Bush, 1907, and Vermiliopsis Saint-Joseph, 1894, previously all united under Vermiliopsis, however it remains unclear whether any of these nominal genera constitute monophyletic groups.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8BFF89FF7C14FAFB4AFB1A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to Zibrowius (1973) who examined material of Southward (1963), Vermiliopsis langerhansi reported in her paper should be attributed to V. eliasoni. An unpublished record (ten Hove, pers. comm) comes from Tydeman Selvagens-Canary Isl. Exp. 1980 CANCAP-IV, Sta. 4.107: Selvagens Archipelago; 30 ° 03 ' N 15 ° 52 ' W; depth 2100 – 2500 m; 2.4 m Agassiz trawl; 26 / 27 - V- 1980. ZMA V. Pol. 4247, ex NNM 18289.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8BFF89FF7C14FAFB4AFB1A.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. FMHN 6185 (tube fragments), FMHN 6189 (2 specimens), FMHN 6205 (1 specimen), FMHN 6210 (1 specimen). For detailed collection data see Table 1.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8BFF89FF7C14FAFB4AFB1A.taxon	description	Description. TUBES: white opaque, with smooth surface, more or less circular in internal cross-section, with 3 longitudinal denticulate keels, no peristomes (Fig. 3 B), attached to substratum throughout their length. BRANCHIA: with 7 – 10 pairs of branchial radioles arranged into semicircles. No inter-branchial membrane, no stylodes, each radiole ends in a thick filamentous tip as long as pinnulae. PEDUNCLE: more or less circular in cross-section, slightly thicker than normal radioles and clearly inserted as a second radiole. Deep constriction at junction of basal part of operculum and peduncle (Fig. 3 A). OPERCULUM: inverted cone with white calcareous slightly depressed endplate (Fig. 3 A). Pseudoperculum absent. COLLAR AND THORACIC MEMBRANES: penta-lobed, with 2 latero-dorsal lobes and ventral lobe divided into 3 lobes. Thoracic membranes short, continuing to thoracic chaetiger 3. THORAX: Seven thoracic segments, 6 with uncini. Collar chaetae simple limbate of two sizes (Fig. 4 A). Rest of chaetae simple limbate plus Apomatus- chaetae (Fig. 4 B). Thoracic tori slightly shifted ventrally from mid-lateral line of thorax, but distinct triangular depression absent. Thoracic uncini saw-shaped with 5 – 6 teeth and pointed anterior fang (Fig. 4 D). ABDOMEN: Achaetous region between thorax and abdomen short. Anterior abdominal chaetae flat, narrow geniculate with blunt teeth (Fig. 4 C), replaced by capillary chaetae on most posterior segments. Anterior abdominal uncini saw-shaped with 5 – 6 teeth and simple blunt pointed anterior tooth. Uncini of middle and posterior abdominal segments rasp-shaped, with 6 teeth in profile and 2 – 3 teeth per row (Fig. 4 E). COLOUR. No records.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF8BFF89FF7C14FAFB4AFB1A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The attribution of Vermiliopsis (?) eliasoni to this genus has been questioned already by the author of the species (Zibrowius 1970) and later by ten Hove (1975: 58). According to the original description, the thoracic membranes of V. eliasoni end at thoracic segment 2, but they typically form an apron in Vermiliopsis. The operculum of V. eliasoni is covered by a white calcareous endplate, whereas in Vermiliopsis the opercular re-enforcement is a flat to conical chitinous endplate. The insertion of the peduncle in Vermiliopsis eliasoni was “ not exactly known ” in the material available to ten Hove (1975: 58). Zibrowius (1970) states “ Premier filament dorsal àu gauche ou à droite transformée en pédoncule operculaire, sans barbules ni ailerons ” (First dorsal filament to the left or right turned into opercular peduncle, without pinnules or fins). However, ten Hove & Kupriyanova (2009) outlined the controversy regarding which radiole is ontogenetically modified into the peduncle. They argue that the peduncle in serpulids with indirect opercular ontogeny (sensu ten Hove 1984) is actually the modified second dorsal-most radiole, but in large-bodied serpulids the peduncle migrates during development in such a way that it appears to be formed from the first radiole. Often the peduncle is located just below and between the first and second radiole, which easily can be interpreted as transformed first radiole. Short thoracic membranes, chitinous endplates encrusted by calcareous deposits and cylindrical peduncles inserted as second dorsal filaments are typical for Bathyvermilia Zibrowius, 1973 (sensu ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009). Because our material fits well the original description of V. (?) eliasoni (with the exception of the discrepancy in the position of the peduncle) and the structure of the tube with denticulate keels is very characteristic, we here attributed the serpulid to B. eliasoni and transferred this species to the genus Bathyvermilia Zibrowius, 1973. Figure 3 A suggests the presence of very small distal wings on the opercular peduncle, which seems to be different from the original description. However, these “ winglets ” are a result of very deep opercular constriction and slightly flattened distal end of the peduncle. Zibrowius' original figures show the lateral side of the operculum and the peduncle thus obscuring the width extent of the peduncle. FIGURE 4. SEM micrographs of chaetae in Bathyvermilia eliasoni n. comb. (FMNH 6189). A — bundle of simple limbate collar chaetae of two sizes, B — Apomatus chaetae of 3 rd thoracic chaetiger, C – chaeta of 15 th abdominal segment, D — uncini of 2 nd thoracic segment, E – uncini of 10 th abdominal segment. Scale. A – E — 10 µm.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF85FF8AFF7C1359FD33FDC8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (from Kupriyanova et al. 2010). Tube white, opaque, sometimes with external hyaline layer, but granular overlay absent; (semi) circular in cross-section; keels and collar-like rings mostly absent, tube interruptions may be present. Tabulae may be present. Operculum globular, soft, without distinct endplate or consisting of proximal ampulla with slightly chitinized distal cap; well separated from peduncle by constriction; sometimes operculum absent. Peduncle very thin, cylindrical, smooth, without wings; inserted outside branchial crown proper in front of first dorsal radiole on one side or between base of first and second radiole. Pseudoperculum absent. Arrangement of radioles short pectinate, up to 15 pairs of radioles. Inter-radiolar membrane absent. Branchial eyes rarely present. Stylodes absent. Mouth palps present. Six thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed, tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes short, ending at first or second thoracic chaetiger. Collar chaetae fin-and-blade, with or without gap between fin and blade and thus with uniform distal denticulate wing, and limbate blade (H. claparedii lacks distinct fin-and-blade special collar chaetae). Apomatus chaetae absent. Thoracic uncini rasp-shaped with numerous small teeth, approximately 20 in profile, up to 9 teeth in a row above peg; anterior peg made of two or more rounded lobes with shallow incision (s) in between, flat or slightly gouged in the middle. Triangular depression absent. Abdominal chaetae almost capillary ending in a long narrow tip made of pointed teeth that may be partly arranged in two rows; uncini rasp-shaped, similar to thoracic ones, but their anterior peg with 3 – 6 flat rounded lobes. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone may be present. Posterior capillary chaetae present. Posterior glandular pad absent.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF85FF8AFF7C1359FD33FDC8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The genus currently contains 13 poorly known species from bathyal and abyssal depths. Although the soft body features are very similar within the genus, tube structure provides additional characters that distinguish species, for example, tubes of Hyalopomatus variorugosus Ben-Eliahu & Fiege, 1996 are characterized by minute flap-like structures, the attached part of the H. biformis (Hartman, 1960) tube has a high longitudinal ridge (Bastida-Zavala 2008), H. langerhansi has slight lateral keels in the part attached to the substratum (Zibrowius 1969), and H. madreporae Sanfilippo, 2009 described based on empty tubes only has very characteristic tube interruptions.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF86FF8CFF7C146DFE9CF8E0.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. FMNH 6201 (tubes only), FMNH 6202 (3 specimens, including one intact in the tube, one with abdomen used for sequencing and one prepared for SEM), FMNH 6583 (1 specimen). For detailed collection data see Table 1. Additional material studied. Holotype, LACM-AHF 180, 33 º 26 ’ 21 ” N, 118 º 52 ’ 41 ” W, Santa Catalina Basin, 13.6 km of S. Light. Santa Barbara Island, St. 2130, on dead shells of brachiopods Lacqueus, mud, 1,280 m, June 26, 1952, as Vermiliopsis biformis.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF86FF8CFF7C146DFE9CF8E0.taxon	description	Description. TUBE: white circular in cross-section, up to 1 mm wide, without flaring peristomes or circular collar-like rings, but with interruptions (Fig. 5 A) like those described for H. madreporae by Sanfilippo (2009). BRANCHIAE: each lobe with 6 pairs of branchial radioles, arranged in semicircles, not connected by an interradiolar membrane. Pinnules long, terminal filament thin and long, approximately 0.5 mm. Branchial eyes not observed. Stylodes absent. PEDUNCLE: smooth, more or less circular in cross section, with slight regular constrictions anteriorly (Fig. 5 B), inserted just below first and second normal radiole. Showing clear constriction just below ampulla, as thick as normal radioles. Pseudoperculum absent. Pair of lateral wings proximal to opercular bulb absent. OPERCULUM: elongated with flattened top slightly differentiated into thicker (sclerotized) convex distal cap (no chitinous or calcareous reinforcement) and softer basal bulb (as revealed by staining with methylene blue, Fig. 5 B). COLLAR AND THORACIC MEMBRANES: collar high, completely covering branchial lobes, with more or less laciniate edge; trilobed, with ventral lobe slightly lower than lateral ones (Fig. 5 C). Continuous with thoracic membranes, which continue until segment 2, but form narrow flaps reaching between segments 3 and 4 (Fig. 5 C). Pairs of small, wart-like protuberances of collar chaetiger absent; tonguelets between ventral and lateral collar parts absent. THORAX: with collar chaetiger and 5 uncinigerous chaetigers. Collar chaetae of two types: fin-and-blade with distal blade continuous with basal fin and simple limbate (Fig. 6 A). Subsequent chaetae limbate, of two sizes, Apomatus - chaetae absent (Fig. 6 B). Uncini along entire thorax rasp-shaped, with approximately 200 small teeth, with 6 – 7 teeth in row above anterior peg; with flat anterior peg clearly made of two rounded lobes (Fig. 6 D). Pair of prostomial eyes absent. Triangular depression absent, thoracic tori almost parallel to midventral line of thorax (Fig. 5 C). ABDOMEN: with up to 45 abdominal chaetigers. Uncini rasp-shaped with approximately 20 teeth in profile and up to 9 rows of teeth (Fig. 6 E); anterior peg flat divided into 3 – 6 rounded lobes (crenulated). Chaetae nearly capillary with only narrow geniculate tip made of at least two rows of pointed teeth (Fig. 6 C). Capillary chaetae present in posterior chaetigers. Posterior glandular pad absent. SIZE: length up to 10 mm, width of thorax 0.7 mm. Branchiae and operculum accounting for approximately one third of entire length. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone present. Posterior glandular pad absent. COLOUR: no records.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
9A43434AFF86FF8CFF7C146DFE9CF8E0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to the original description, Hyalopomatus biformis generally has triangular attached tube parts with a high longitudinal keel, but the distal free tube parts are circular, like in other species of the genus Hyalopomatus. H. biformis appears to be most similar to H. marenzelleri Langerhans, 1884 that has the operculum with a slightly differentiated fortified cap, the bilobed pegs of the thoracic uncini and 4 – 5 - lobed pegs of the abdominal uncini. However, H. marenzelleri has a distinctly smooth shining tube surface and very thin peduncle without annulations (Zibrowius 1970), whereas in H. biformis, the tube is white opaque and the peduncle is annulated. H. marenzelleri is reported from temperate east Atlantic Ocean (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009) and H. biformis is distributed from Alaska to California in the Pacific Ocean (Bastida- Zavala 2008). Because of this, we attributed the specimens from the Patton-Murray Seamount collection to H. biformis even though no attached tube parts were available in the collection to guide this decision. Kupriyanova et al. (2010) suggested emending the diagnosis of the genus Hyalopomatus because SEM of the abdominal chaetae of H. mironovi Kupriyanova, 1993 revealed that their tips have the teeth arranged in two rows, at least at the base of the chaetal tip and are not “ flat narrow geniculate with pointed teeth ”. Thus, abdominal chaetae appear to be similar to the “ true trumpet-shaped ” (sensu ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009) chaetae characterised by two rows of denticles separated by a hollow groove and extended into a long lateral spine. The tips of abdominal chaetae in H. biformis examined here are similarly not flat, but are arranged into at least two irregular rows, confirming the observations of Kupriyanova et al. (2010) for H. mironovi. Further investigation of the abdominal chaetal structure using SEM in all other Hyalopomatus spp. is needed. FIGURE 6. SEM micrographs of chaetae in Hyalopomatus biformis (FMNH 6202), A — collar chaetae of two types: finand-blade with the distal blade continuous with basal fin and simple limbate, B — chaetae of the 3 rd thoracic segment, Cabdominal chaeta, close-up view, D — uncini of the 5 th thoracic segment, E — posterior abdominal uncini. Scale. A — 10 µm, B – E — 5 µm.	en	Kupriyanova, Elena K., Nishi, Eijiroh (2010): Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Patton-Murray Seamounts, Gulf of Alaska, North Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 2665: 51-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276353
