identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
984587CDFF8AFF9CFF1EFA247A8FC004.text	984587CDFF8AFF9CFF1EFA247A8FC004.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anurida kyshyensis Babenko & Nakamori 2018	<div><p>Anurida kyshyensis sp. nov. (Figs 1–11)</p><p>Diagnosis. Blind whitish species of genus Anurida characterized by the presence of seven blunt sensilla on Ant.4 (S1– S4, S7–S9), oval PAO with about 20 lobes, mandibles with six teeth, maxilla with all three lamellae serrated, Th.2–3 with anterior position of p2-seta and few additional setae in lateral group, and 3+3 axial setae on tergum of Abd.4.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (male) on slide, North-East of Russia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-170.9809&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=65.5281" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -170.9809/lat 65.5281)">Chukchi Peninsula</a>, vicinity of Lavrentiya (Lawrence) settlement, thick wrack mat on stony beach [N 65.5281°, W 170.9809°], 0 9 vii 2013, O. Makarova &amp; A. Babenko leg. (MSPU) . Paratypes (female and 3 juveniles), same data as holotype (MSPU) .</p><p>Description. Length without antennae 2.0–2.1 mm. General colour whitish with scarce granules of dark hypodermic pigment, especially conspicuous on dorsal side of head. Body shape typical of genus, rather slender and elongate, Abd.6 rounded, not truncate. Integument granulation more or less uniform and not especially coarse.</p><p>Ocelli absent. PAO elliptical consisting of about 20 densely parked lobes (Fig. 1). Antennae clearly shorter than head, its shape typical of genus. Ant.4 with 3-lobed apical bulb, seven curved sensilla including additional one (S9) in lateral group, subapical ms and organite present (Fig. 10). AO on Ant.3 typical, outer sensilla widely separated, small ms present ventrally. Ant.1–2 with 7(8) and 12 setae, respectively. Labral formula as 4/3-5-2, lateral pair of prelabral setae widely separated. Labium with 11 setae on each side including three setae on its apical part also armed with two small sensillar papillae. Mandibles (Fig. 9) with three apical (third one set slightly out of line) and three larger basal teeth, most proximal one at least sometimes (seen in single individual) armed with additional thin teeth on outer margin. Maxillary capitulum with three strong teeth on main part and three clearly serrated lamellae, only lam.2 reaching well beyond tip of capitulum (Fig. 8).</p><p>Most dorsal setae strong and finely ciliated, macrosetae straight and thick, almost spine-like, microsetae usually slightly curved but also thickened basally, sensilla smooth and thin, clearly differentiated from ordinary setae, about as long as macrosetae. Lateral microsensilla (ms) present only on tergum of Th.2. Dorsal chaetotaxy characterized by weak plurichaetosis, especially clear in adults (Figs 6–7), but seen also in juveniles (Figs 2–5). Main characteristics: tergum of Th.1 with 4+4 setae as a rule. Th.2–3 with macroseta p2 anteriorly to p1, sensilla (p3) practically at level with macrosetae p4, four setae (a3–a4, m3–m4) in dorsolateral group and two additional setae (m5’ and p5’) in lateral group usually present on one or both terga (Fig. 6), sometimes even in juveniles (Figs 2, 4). Terga of Abd. 1–3 in adults usually with 4+4 p-setae between sensilla (p4) due to presence of additional microseta p3’. Tergum of Abd.4 with macrosetae p 2 in unusual position and set almost in line with a1 and p1. Sterna of Th.1–3 without setae. Chaetotaxy of ventral tube variable: 8+8 and 4+ 6 in adults, 3–4 on each lobe in available juveniles. Furca remnant as narrow, longitudinal area without secondary granulation in anterior part of Abd.4 sternum.</p><p>Legs 1–3 chaetotaxy as following: upper subcoxae—1, 3, 4; lower subcoxae—0, 2, 2; coxae—3, 7, 7; trochanters— 6, 6, 6; femora—13, 12, 11; tibiotarsi—19, 19, 18 setae, respectively. Tibiotarsal setae of moderate length, A1 not clearly longer than other setae of A-whorl (Fig. 11). Outer side of each lower subcoxa with roundish cuticular papilla (Fig. 6). Unguis without inner or lateral tooth.</p><p>Etymology. The name of species is based on Kyshy, a local Eskimo name of Lavrentiya settlement.</p><p>Affinities. A. kyshyensis sp. nov. has an isolated position within blind species of the genus first of all due to specific chaetotaxy of Th. 1–3 terga. There are only 2 known species (both occur in the region under study), viz. A. martynovae Fjellberg, 1985 and A. similis Fjellberg, 1985, characterized by anterior position of p2-setae on Th.2–3 but having sensilla p3 at a level with p1 and p4. Besides maxillary head of the former species is almost identical to that of A. kyshyensis sp. nov. as well as sensillar equipment of Ant.4 of A. similis and A. kyshyensis sp. nov. (both species have additional sensillum S 9 in the lateral group). Nevertheless, the new species can be easily distinguished from both A. martynovae and A. similis by peculiar chaetotaxy, first of all due to the presence of additional lateral setae on terga of Th. 2–3 and specific mutual position of axial setae on tergum of Abd.4.</p><p>There are also some similarity of A. kyshyensis sp. nov. and species of the hammerae -group of the genus represented common elements of local faunas in Eastern Asia. Thus, a chaetotic pattern of A. hammerae Christiansen, 1951 (regardless higher number of setae on tergum of Th.1 and position of sensilla p3 on terga of Th.2–3) is almost identical to that of A. kyshyensis sp. nov., including the presence of additional setae in the lateral group on Th.2–3 and 3+3 axial setae on Abd.4. Nevertheless A. hammerae is the only known species of the group with such chaetotaxy and it clearly differs from A. kyshyensis sp. nov. having ocelli, many additional sensilla on Ant.4., and different body shape with Abd.6 truncate and constricted at base.</p><p>Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/984587CDFF8AFF9CFF1EFA247A8FC004	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Babenko, Anatoly;Nakamori, Taizo	Babenko, Anatoly, Nakamori, Taizo (2018): Two new littoral species of the genus Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 (Collembola, Neanuridae) from the Pacific coast of Asia. Zootaxa 4425 (3): 575-581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4425.3.10
984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9.text	984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anurida abashiriensis Babenko & Nakamori 2018	<div><p>Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov. (Figs 12–19)</p><p>Diagnosis. Blind species of genus Anurida characterized by presence of six blunt sensilla on Ant.4 (S1–S4, S8–S9), oval PAO with about 15–17 lobes, unique mandibles with three intermediate rows of long thin filaments between apical and basal teeth, elongate maxilla with all three lamellae reaching well beyond tip of capitulum, Th.2–3 with p2-seta set posterior to p1 and complete absence of m-setae on all terga.</p><p>Type material. Holotype (male) on slide, Japan, Hokkaido Island, seashore E of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=144.2961&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.9942" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 144.2961/lat 43.9942)">Abashiri</a> [N 43.9942°, E 144.2961°], sandy/shingly beach (floatation), 18 viii 2016, M. Potapov &amp; N. Kuznetsova leg. (MSPU) . Paratypes, 3 females, 6 males and 6 juveniles, same data as holotype (MSPU); 1 female and 3 males, same locality as holotype, 31 viii 2017, T. Nakamori leg. (TRPM)</p><p>Description. Length without antennae 1.3–1.7 mm, holotype—1.62 mm. Colour very bright with scarce grey pigment granules all over body. Body shape typical of genus, rather slender and elongate, Abd.6 rounded, not truncate. Integument granulation uniform and rather coarse.</p><p>Ocelli absent. PAO elliptical consisting of about 15–17 lobes. Antennae typical of genus, conical and clearly shorter than head. Ant.4 with 3-lobed apical bulb, six usual curved sensilla, subapical ms and organite present (Fig. 15). AO on Ant.3 typical, outer sensilla widely separated, small ms present ventrally. Ant.1–2 with 7 and 12 setae, respectively. Labral formula as 4/2-3-5-2, lateral pair of prelabral setae widely separated. Labium with 11 setae on each side including three setae on its apical part also armed with two small sensillar papillae. Mandibles very characteristic (Fig. 16) with strong apical and basal teeth and three intermediate oblique, transverse rows of long thin filaments. Maxillary capitulum with at least two small apical teeth on main part (hardly detectable) being covered by three lamellae with very long marginal filaments, all lamellae reaching well beyond tip of capitulum (Figs 17–18).</p><p>Dorsal setae weakly differentiated, longer on abdominal tip, sensilla hardly distinguishable from ordinary setae (Fig. 14). Lateral microsensilla (ms) present only on Th.2. Main characteristics of dorsal chaetotaxy: tergum of Th.1 with at least 4 +4 setae, sometimes up to 6 setae on each side. Th.2–3 with setae p 2 set posterior to p1 and rather close to midline (Fig. 12) given effect of 3+3 axial setae, m-row almost completely reduced on thorax (only lateral sensilla m6 present) and abdomen. Similar tendency of backward position of setae p2 also characteristic of some abdominal terga, especially of Abd.4 (Fig. 13). Thoracic sterna without setae. Ventral tube with 3+3 distal setae. Furca remnant as narrow, longitudinal area without secondary granulation in midsection of Abd.4 sternum.</p><p>Legs 1–3 chaetotaxy as following: upper subcoxae—1, 2, 2; lower subcoxae—0, 2, 2; coxae—3, 6(7), (7)8; trochanters—6, 6, 6; femora—13, 12(13), 11; tibiotarsi—19, 19, 18 setae, respectively. Tibiotarsal seta A1 longer than other setae of A-whorl, pointed (Fig. 19). Roundish cuticular papillae on outer side of subcoxae developed but rather small. Unguis without inner or lateral tooth.</p><p>DNA barcoding. DNA sequences of partial regions of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, 16S ribosomal RNA gene, and nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA gene were determined as described in Potapov et al. (2017). The sequences obtained from two paratypes (TRPM-AAr-0000752 (male) and TRPM-AAr-0000754 (female), same locality as holotype, 31 viii 2017, T. Nakamori leg.) were submitted to GenBank under accession nos. LC372827 – LC372832.</p><p>Etymology. Named after Abashiri, a city in close proximity to the type locality.</p><p>Affinities. A. abashiriensis sp. nov. is a very distinctive species and it can hardly be compared with any related collembolan species. Thus, maxillae with three serrated lamellae are highly common for the Anurida complex but only few known species, namely Anurida dentata Christiansen &amp; Bellinger, 1980 [Midwestern US], A. kaya Babenko, 1998 [the Caucasus] and Gastranurida denisi (Bagnall, 1939) [Europe], possess elongate maxillary head with long, ciliated/ serrated lamellae, all passing well beyond its capitulum. None of these species is blind and has mandibles comparable with those of the new species. The second main diagnostic character of the new species is a unique shape of its mandibles, which however might be derived from both “dentate” mandibles typical of the genus Anurida and “special” (both these term were used by Jordana et al. 2012) ones of Gas tranurida Bagnall, 1949 or Anuridella Willem, 1906 .</p><p>The only known species of the former monotypic genus can be easily distinguished from A. abashiriensis sp. nov. due to pronounced plurichaetosis and strong differentiation of dorsal setae. All members of Anuridella have unusual slender body shape and peculiar thoracic chaetotaxy with p 1 in forward position and p2 shifted closer to mid-line (Fjellberg 1998). Both traits are also typical of A. abashiriensis sp. nov. However, contrary to representatives of Anuridella, the new species has a complete tibiotarsal chaetotaxy, much longer maxillary lamellae and only traces of integumental coxal lobes typical of many Anuridella .</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. A generic position of the new species is obscure. A number of Pseudachorutinae genera, viz. Anurida Laboulbène, 1865, Aphoromma MacGillivray, 1893, Anuridella Willem, 1906, and Gastranurida Bagnall, 1949, characterized by the PAO presence and the absence of seta L on labium, developed mandible, maxillae with several serrated lamella and almost complete reduction of furca, have been designated. Two former genera, i.e. Anurida and Aphoromma, differing only in presence/absence of ocelli (Bagnall 1939) were not acknowledged by most taxonomists (Stach 1949; Gisin 1960; Massoud 1967; Christiansen &amp; Bellinger 1980; Fjellberg 1998; Bellinger et al. 1996–2017), more rarely treated as subgenera (Yosii 1977; Kuznetsova 1988). Anuridella and Gastranurida are listed on www. collembola .org as separated genera although independence of Anuridella and especially Gastranurida from Anurida is also a subject of long discussion. Thus, Gisin (1960) considered all of them as synonyms; Massoud (1967) accepted all three genera as valid; Christiansen &amp; Bellinger (1980) used the name Anuridella as a subgenus of Anurida, whereas Lawrence &amp; Goto (1968) and Fjellberg (1998) treated Anuridella as a separated genus but considered G. gisini, the type species of Gastranurida, as a member of the genus Anurida .</p><p>Both Anuridella and Gastranurida include littoral inhabitants characterized by hypertrophy of mouthparts (mandible and/or maxillae) and appear to be rather similar in main structural features. Among principal diagnostic characters of the world genera of Pseudachorutinae listed by Jordana et al. (2012, p. 53, table 2) there is only a single distinction—three ocelli in the only known species of Gastranurida and none in Anuridella, the character which displays much intrageneric variation throughout the collembolan system. Massoud (1967) asserted that the genus Gastranurida differs from Anurida by two unique characters: mandibles with numerous serrate teeth (“dents nombreuses et crénelées”) and the presence of specific structure on sterna of Abd.2 not known in other genera of Collembola (“de bourrelet sur le deuxième segment abdominal, n’ayant son équivalent chez aucun genre de Collembole”). In fact, the latter is just a furca remnant situated near the border between Abd.3 and Abd.4. Existed differences in mandible shape between all three genera appear to be adaptive and may not reflect close relationship. In general, we believe that recent generic system</p><p>within the Anurida complex of Pseudachorutinae is far from ideal and therefore prefer to treat describing intermediate form as a member of admittedly heterogenic genus Anurida .</p><p>Distribution. Known only from the type-locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Babenko, Anatoly;Nakamori, Taizo	Babenko, Anatoly, Nakamori, Taizo (2018): Two new littoral species of the genus Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 (Collembola, Neanuridae) from the Pacific coast of Asia. Zootaxa 4425 (3): 575-581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4425.3.10
