identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9C67154FFFA1FFD114E6FC25FC88BC29.text	9C67154FFFA1FFD114E6FC25FC88BC29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anurogryllus tapes Redu	<div><p>Anurogryllus tapes, Redü sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 1 A–I, 4A–C, 5A)</p><p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:498008</p><p>Etymology. in reference to indigenous tribe Tapes, who inhabited the Southeast Hill of Rio Grande do Sul State, also called Serra dos Tapes, original place of collected individuals.</p><p>Holotype (♂): Brazil, RS, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.95/lat -31.466667)">Canguçu</a>, 4° distrito, Fazenda Coronilha, 31°28'00.0"S 52°57'00.0"W, 16.xi.2007, F. L. Albuquerque leg., specimen code 20DA, MZSP.</p><p>Paratype (1 ♂): Brazil, RS, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.58911&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.781305" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.58911/lat -31.781305)">Capão do Leão</a>, Cerro das Almas, 31°46'52.7"S 52°35'20.8"W, 16.xi.2009, E. Zefa &amp; D. R. Redü leg., specimen code 100DA.</p><p>Diagnosis. ocelli arranged almost in a crossbar, medium ocellus slightly below the lateral ocelli; tibia I with large and elongated external tympanum and without internal tympanum; ectophallic arc wide, basal concavity accentuated and semicircular, apical convexity more pronounced in the central region, right in apical direction when in lateral view; rami connected at the basal portion, rectangular, longer than wide, apical end simple; pulse period 12.26–12.59ms, pulse rate between 80–82p/s.</p><p>Description. body dark brown, legs lighter than abdomen, corpulent. Head tawny; vertex bulged with bands alternating shades of brown; eyes black with depigmented ommatidia in the supra-internal region; three lighter ocelli disposed almost in horizontal line, medium ocellus slightly below than the lateral ocelli; medium ocellus extended horizontally with the bottom edge straight and the upper edge concave; scape, pedicel and flagellum uniform in color; gena lighter than the rest of the head; clypeus with some depigmented areas; labrum lighter in the lower portion; epistomal suture with dark mark in the tips; mandible dark with black apex; maxillary palp with five palpomeres, first and second shorter, third larger than fourth, fifth largest, enlarged, apex truncated and grooved; labial palp with three palpomeres, third largest, truncated and grooved. Thorax: pronotum dark brown, almost black, pubescent; pronotum disk with median line copper; two bilateral coppers marks in leaf form, each marked with an inner black line, anterior margin convex and black, posterior margin straight; anterior margin of the lateral lobe with right angle and triangular depigmentation, posterior margin rounded, depressed and dilated; prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum light brown and pubescent. Legs pubescents; legs I and II similar; coxa and trochanter lighter; femur I lighter than tibia I; external tympanum large and elongated, internal tympanum absent; tibia I with one external and two internal apical spurs; femur II lighter in the proximal portion; tibia II with two external and two internal apical spurs; femur III robust, darker on the external lateral and dorsoapical portion; tibia III without spines, variable number of subapical spurs, seven external and five internal in the right tibia III, seven external and six internal on the left tibia III; three external apical spurs, the first short, the second longer than the third; three internal apical spurs, the second and third subequal and longer than the first; basitarsus III with two rows of seven dorsal spines, two apical spurs, the internal longer than the external. Right tegmen covering the abdomen; dorsal field lighter, harp and mirror hyalines; basal area with vein 1A visible in the parallel portion of the stridulatory file; chordal area with veins Cu2 and 1A parallel and arcuate, veins 2A and 3A parallel to the tegmen border, one small vein connecting Cu2 to the mirror; apical area developed and reticulate; harp with two cross veins; mirror cross vein semicircular; veins M, R and Sc light, six hyalines accessory veins; stridulatory file with 59 teeth; metathoracic wings absent. Abdomen: tergites dark with a light longitudinal median line; supra-anal plate with posterior border straight; sternites with two longitudinal median lines, last sternite darker than the others; subgenital plate apex rounded, two anterior bilateral black marks; cerci uniform and with bristles. Genitalia: pseudepiphallic median lobes elongated, slender and dentated; lateral apex of the pseudepiphallic parameters slender, shorter than the median lobes; repli ectophallic ventral sclerotized, with extremity reaches the pseudepiphallic parameters; ectophallic arc wide, basal concavity accentuated and semicircular, apical convexity more pronounced in the central region, right in apical direction when in lateral view; rami connected at the basal portion, rectangular, longer than wide, apical end simple and truncated.</p><p>Calling song (25°C; 19:30h): discontinuous and irregular trill; trill duration 3.35 ± 0.99s (2.29–5.07; n=10); interval between trill 0.7 ± 0.42s (0.35–1.56; n=10); pulse period 12.59 ± 0.035ms (12.33–12.83; n=10); pulse rate of 80p/s; dominant frequency of 5340Hz.</p><p>Measurements (mm): body length = 18.63; pronotal length = 3.01; pronotal width = 5.35; head width = 5.24; interocular distance = 3.01; femur III length = 11.87; tibia III length = 7.88; tibia III + basitarsus length = 11.53; cerci length = 7.76; tegmen length = 12.5; tegmen width = 8.2; file length = 2.9.</p><p>Observations in paratype: stridulatory file with 73 teeth. Calling song (25,5°C; 18:30h): continuous trill; pulse period 12.26 ± 0.012ms (12.1–12.38; n=10); pulse rate of 82p/s; dominant frequency of 5510Hz; registered in the late afternoon, before sunset, stridulating in shrubby vegetation; the cricket emits the calling song for a while, stopped and turned his body to stridulate in another direction.</p><p>Measurements (mm): body length = 16.82; pronotal length = 3.19; pronotal width = 4.86; head width = 4.95; interocular distance = 2.67; femur III length = 10.95; tibia III length = 7.08; tibia III + basitarsus length = 10.57; tegmen length = 11.45; tegmen width = 7.69; file length = 2.79.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C67154FFFA1FFD114E6FC25FC88BC29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Redü, Darlan Rutz;Zefa, Edison	Redü, Darlan Rutz, Zefa, Edison (2017): Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from southern Brazil: new species and new records. Zootaxa 4290 (3): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4290.3.9
9C67154FFFA3FFD714E6FB60FE49BECD.text	9C67154FFFA3FFD714E6FB60FE49BECD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anurogryllus patos Redu	<div><p>Anurogryllus patos, Redü sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 2 A– J, 4D– F, 5B)</p><p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:498007</p><p>Etymology: in reference to indigenous tribe Patos, who inhabited the coastal plain on the west coast of the Rio Grande do Sul State largest lagoon, also called Lagoa dos Patos .</p><p>Holotype (♂): Brazil, RS, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.418278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.800943" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.418278/lat -31.800943)">Capão do Leão</a>, Campus universitário da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 31°48'03.4"S 52°25'05.8"W, 18.xii.2007, E. Zefa leg., specimen code 27DA, MZSP.</p><p>Paratypes (5 ♂): Brazil, RS, Capão do Leão, Campus universitário da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 31°48'03.4"S 52°25'05.8"W, 30.x.2007, E. Zefa leg., specimens code 03DA, 04DA / 8.xi.2007, E. Zefa leg., specimen code 05DA / 13.xi.2007, E. Zefa leg., specimen code 11DA / 21.x.2008, E. Zefa leg., specimen code 53DA.</p><p>Diagnosis: ocelli arranged almost in line, forming a concave arc, a line imagined by the lower border of the lateral ocelli touches the median ocellus; external tympanum oblong, internal tympanum small and oval; ectophallic arc wide and short, basal concavity attenuated, apical convexity attenuated, straight and diagonal apical when in lateral view; rami connected in the basal portion, rectangular, as long as wide, apical end simple; continuous trill with pulse period between 6.91–7.61ms, pulse rate between 130–146p/s at 23°C.</p><p>Description: body large, corpulent, dark brown, legs and cerci lighter. Head dark; vertex bulged in side view with bands of different shades of brown on the dorsum; coronal suture sinuous; dark pigmentation at the fork of the coronal suture and around the ocelli; eyes black with depigmented ommatidia in the latero-internal region; three lighter ocelli disposed in concave arc; lateral ocelli round; median ocellus flattened dorsoventrally with the bottom edge straight and the top edge convex; antennal fossa deep; scape lighter in the distal portion and dark in the proximal portion; pedicel and flagellum uniform in color; front with two round marks next to the scape; epistomal suture with dark mark in the tips; clypeus with mark shaped of inverted horseshoe; labrum tawny-greenish; maxillary palp with five palpomeres; third and fourth subequal and longer than the first and second; one internal dark spot on the third; fifth longest, claviform with apex rounded; labial palp with three palpomeres, the third longest and claviform. Thorax: pronotum dark, pubescent; pronotum disk with two bilateral lighter marks in leaf form, each mark with an inner black line, anterior margin concave and pubescent, posterior margin convex; anterior margin of lateral lobe depigmented, with straight angle, posterior margin rounded, dilated; prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum light brown. Legs pubescent; legs I and II similar; coxa and trochanter lighter; femur I darker in the distal portion; tibia I darker in the proximal portion, with one external and two internal apical spurs; external tympanum oblong, internal tympanum small and oval; femur II darker in the distal portion; tibia II darker in the proximal portion, with two external and two internal apical spurs; femur III robust, darker on the external lateral and dorsoapical portions; tibia III without spines; variable number of subapical spurs, seven external and seven internal in the right tibia III, eight external and six internal in the left tibia III; three external apical spurs, the first shorter, the third longer than the second; three internal apical spurs, the first shorter, second and third subequal and longer than the first; basitarsus III with two rows of dorsal spines, two apical spurs, the internal longer than the external. Right tegmen covering the abdomen; dorsal field dark, harp and mirror hyalines; basal area with vein 1A parallel to vein Cu2; chordal area with veins Cu2 and 1A parallel and arcuate, veins 2A and 3A parallel to the tegmen border, one small vein connecting Cu2 to the mirror; apical area developed and reticulate; six concentric veins in direction to vein Cu1; harp with two cross veins; mirror cross vein semicircular; lateral field hyaline, veins M, R and Sc darker, eight accessory veins; stridulatory file with 46 teeth; metathoracic wings absent. Abdomen: tergites I and II light, tergites III and subsequent darker at the lateral edges; supra-anal plate light, with anterior portion rectangular and apex rounded, two anterior bilateral dark marks; sternites with two longitudinal medians lines, darker in the lateral edge; subgenital plate apex rounded and darker, two anterior bilateral black marks; cerci uniform with bristles. Genitalia: pseudepiphallic median lobes elongated, slender and dentated; pseudepiphallic parameters slender, shorter than the median lobes; repli ectophallic ventral sclerotized, extremity do not reach the pseudepiphallic parameters; ectophallic arc wide and short, basal concavity attenuated, apical convexity attenuated, in posterior diagonal direction when in lateral view; rami connected at the basal portion, rectangular, as long as wide, apical end simple and truncated.</p><p>Calling song (23°C; 21:20h): continuous trill; pulse period 7.1 ± 0.07ms (7–7.3; n=10); pulse rate of 141p/s; dominant frequency of 5080Hz.</p><p>Measurements (mm): body length = 21.17; pronotal length = 3.95; pronotal width = 5.76; head width = 4.99; interocular distance = 2.76; femur III length = 11.93; tibia III length = 8.28; tibia III + basitarsus length = 11.67; cerci length = 9.05; tegmen length = 13.43; tegmen width = 8.25.</p><p>Observations in paratypes: stridulatory file with 42 ± 6 teeth (35–49; n=5). Calling song: continuous trill; pulse period 7.22 ± 0.27ms (6.91–7.61; n=5); pulse rate of 139 ± 6p/s (130–146; n=5); dominant frequency of 5472 ± 425Hz (4990–6020; n=5). Males were found stridulating between October to December, an hour after sunset and remaining active for up to two hours; males build a burrow with a song amplifier shell beside of burrow entrance.</p><p>Measurements (mm): body length = 22.62 ± 1.88 (20.86–24.77; n = 5); pronotal length = 3.69 ± 0.24 (3.31– 3.97; n = 5); pronotal width = 5.99 ± 0.35 (5.62–6.45; n = 5); head width = 5.05 ± 0.28 (4.76–5.5; n = 5); interocular distance = 2.87 ± 0.15 (2.68–3.04; n = 5); femur III length = 11.55 ± 0.36 (11.25–12.17; n = 5); tibia III length = 8.12 ± 0.25 (7.9–8.41; n = 5); tibia III + basitarsus length = 11.46 ± 0.28 (11.08–11.73; n = 5); tegmen length = 13.48 ± 0.62 (12.52–14.27; n = 5); tegmen width = 8.4 ± 0.37 (7.93–8.83; n = 5); cerci length = 8.13 ± 0.37 (7.51–8.49; n = 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C67154FFFA3FFD714E6FB60FE49BECD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Redü, Darlan Rutz;Zefa, Edison	Redü, Darlan Rutz, Zefa, Edison (2017): Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from southern Brazil: new species and new records. Zootaxa 4290 (3): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4290.3.9
9C67154FFFA5FFD514E6F943FE70BFA3.text	9C67154FFFA5FFD514E6F943FE70BFA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello 1988) de Mello 1988	<div><p>Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello, 1988)</p><p>(Figures 3 A– I, 4G– I, 5C)</p><p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:33513</p><p>Urogryllus toledopizai: de Mello (1988) Revista de Agricultura 63(2), 245, original description (Figs. 1–3); García-Novo (2002) Transactions of the American Entomological Society 128(1): 31, calling song (Figs. 1 – 6). Holotype in MZSP, examined.</p><p>Material examined (24 ♂). Brazil, RS, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.418278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.800943" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.418278/lat -31.800943)">Capão do Leão</a>, Campus universitário da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 31°48'03.4"S 52°25'05.8"W, 13.xi.2007 , E. Zefa leg., specimen code 12DA / 20.xi.2007, E. Zefa leg., specimen code 14DA / Cerro das Almas, 31°46'52.7"S 52°35'20.8"W, 16.xi.2009, E. Zefa &amp; D. R. Redü leg., specimens code 101DA, 103DA / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.73175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.349167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.73175/lat -31.349167)">Canguçu</a>, BR-392, 31°20'57.0"S 52°43'54.3"W, 21.xi.2012 , D. R. Redü leg., specimen code AD01 / 23.xii.2012, D. R. Redü leg., specimens code AD02, AD03, AD04, AD05 / 25.xii.2013, D. R. Redü leg., specimens code AD10, AD11, AA04, AA05, AA06, AA07, AA08 / 26.xii.2013, D. R. Redü leg., specimens code AD12, AD13 / 26.i.2014, D. R. Redü leg., specimen code AA03 / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.15077&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.294285" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.15077/lat -31.294285)">São Lourenço do Sul</a>, São João da Reserva, 31°17'39.43"S 52°09'02.76"W, 30.xii.2012 , A. S. Neutzling leg., specimens code AP01, AP02, AA01, AA02 / 15.i.2013, A. S. Neutzling leg., specimen code RE01.</p><p>Morphology. body dark brown, legs lighter. Head reddish brown; vertex with bands that alternate coloration; coronal suture bisinuous; eyes black with a mediodorsal zone of depigmented ommatidia; three ocelli arranged in a triangle, light and rounded, a line through the lower edge of the lateral ocelli does not touch the middle ocellus; front bulging in side view; two small dark spots below the middle ocellus; small dark spots scattered across the gena and front; antennal fossa deep; escape light brown; pedicel dark brown; flagellum with some light or dark antennomeres; clypeus with the border and the central region depigmented, forming a trident; labrum with the lower portion greenish brown, two dark spots at the lower apex; mandibula darker than the labrum and maxilla; maxillary palp with five palpomeres; third and fourth subequal and longer than the first and second; fifth longest, claviform with apex rounded and sulcate; labial palp with three palpomeres, the third longest and claviform. Thorax: pronotum pubescent, darker on the edges and reddish in the center of the disc, two bilateral reddish marks in leaf form; anterior margin of pronotum disc straight and with bristles; posterior margin of pronotum disc straight; lateral lobe with anterior angle slightly acute and depigmented, posterior angle rounded, margin dilated; prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum light brown, one black line in the center of prosternum. Legs pubescents; legs I and II similar; coxa and trochanter lighter; femur I darker in the distal portion; tibia I with one external and two internal apical spurs, external tympanum oblong, without internal tympanum; femur II darker in the distal portion; tibia II with two external apical spurs and two internal apical spurs; femur III robust, darker on the distal external lateral and dorsoapical portions; tibia III without spines; variable number of subapical spurs, seven our six external and seven our six internal; three external apical spurs, the first shorter, the second and third longer; three internal apical spurs, the first shorter, second and third subequal and longer than the externals; basitarsus III with two rows of dorsal spines, two apical spurs, the internal longer than the external. Right tegmen covers all abdomen or leaves uncovered the last four tergites; dorsal field light; basal area with vein 1A irregular and parallel to Cu2, vein 2A thick; chordal area with veins Cu2 and 1A parallel and arcuate, veins 2A and 3A parallel to the tegmen border, one small vein connecting Cu2 to the mirror; apical area reduced and reticulate; harp with two cross veins; mirror rounded in the apex, cross vein semicircular; lateral field darker along the veins M, R, Sc and hyaline along the six or seven accessory veins; stridulatory file with 101 ± 7 teeth (87–119; n=20); metathoracic wings vestigial. Abdomen: tergites I to IV darker on the sides, tergites V and posterior darker than the tergites I to IV; supra-anal plate truncated at apex, with two large bilateral spots, several small scattered spots; sternites with the border and two median lines darker; subgenital plate light, apex rounded; cerci uniform, covered with bristles.</p><p>Genitalia: pseudepiphallic median lobes elongated, slender and dentated; pseudepiphallic parameters slender at the lateral apex, shorter than the median lobes; repli ectophallic ventral sclerotized, extremity do not reach the pseudepiphallic parameters; ectophallic arc wide, short in lateral tips and long in the central portion, basal concavity attenuated, apical convexity accentuated, curved towards apical when in lateral view; rami connected at the basal portion, circular, apical end bifid.</p><p>Calling song (Tab. 01): discontinuous and irregular trill; first three or four pulses may have less intensity than the rest of the trill; pulse period 22.88 ± 0.49ms (22.26–23.95; n=14); pulse rate of 44 ± 1p/s (42–47; n=14); dominant frequency of 5180 ± 167Hz (4820–5420; n=14).</p><p>Measurements (mm): body length = 16.04 ± 1.25 (13.79–18.8; n=24); pronotal length = 2.6 ± 0.26 (2.13–3; n=24); pronotal width = 4.16 ± 0.17 (3.83–4.47; n=24); head width = 3.71 ± 0.17 (3.29–4.06; n=24); interocular distance = 2.06 ± 0.13 (1.79–2.3; n=24); femur III length = 9.48 ± 0.52 (8.46–10.31; n=24); tibia III length = 6.61 ± 0.37 (5.81–7.44; n=24); tibia III + basitarsus length = 9.84 ± 0.47 (9.06–10.88; n=24); tegmen length = 8.93 ± 0.44 (8.15–9.77; n=19); tegmen width = 6.36 ± 0.3 (5.88–6.99; n=18); cerci length = 6.73 ± 0.47 (5.95–7.36; n=15).</p><p>Habitat and habits. individuals were collected between November to February, but the adults occur in greater number from December to January. Males stridulating for the first three hours after sunset. They can sing on the ground, protected by vegetation and away from its burrow, as well as sing in shrubs up to 1 meter. They do not build an acoustic shell.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C67154FFFA5FFD514E6F943FE70BFA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Redü, Darlan Rutz;Zefa, Edison	Redü, Darlan Rutz, Zefa, Edison (2017): Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from southern Brazil: new species and new records. Zootaxa 4290 (3): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4290.3.9
